cancers Article Kinome Profiling to Predict Sensitivity to MAPK Inhibition in Melanoma and to Provide New Insights into Intrinsic and Acquired Mechanism of Resistance 1, , 2, 1 3 Mohamad Krayem * y , Philippe Aftimos y, Ahmad Najem , Tim van den Hooven , Adriënne van den Berg 3, Liesbeth Hovestad-Bijl 3, Rik de Wijn 3, Riet Hilhorst 3 , Rob Ruijtenbeek 3, Malak Sabbah 1, Joseph Kerger 2, Ahmad Awada 1,2 , Fabrice Journe 1 and Ghanem E. Ghanem 1 1 Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
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[email protected] Both authors equally contributed to this manuscript. y Received: 20 January 2020; Accepted: 20 February 2020; Published: 22 February 2020 Abstract: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition with the combination of BRAF (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) and MEK (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase) inhibitors has become the standard of first-line therapy of metastatic melanoma harbouring BRAF V600 mutations. However, about half of the patients present with primary resistance while the remaining develop secondary resistance under prolonged treatment.