The Beasts of Revelation Why Study Revelation 12?
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The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the D
The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marion Woodrow Kruse, III Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Anthony Kaldellis, Advisor; Benjamin Acosta-Hughes; Nathan Rosenstein Copyright by Marion Woodrow Kruse, III 2015 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the use of Roman historical memory from the late fifth century through the middle of the sixth century AD. The collapse of Roman government in the western Roman empire in the late fifth century inspired a crisis of identity and political messaging in the eastern Roman empire of the same period. I argue that the Romans of the eastern empire, in particular those who lived in Constantinople and worked in or around the imperial administration, responded to the challenge posed by the loss of Rome by rewriting the history of the Roman empire. The new historical narratives that arose during this period were initially concerned with Roman identity and fixated on urban space (in particular the cities of Rome and Constantinople) and Roman mythistory. By the sixth century, however, the debate over Roman history had begun to infuse all levels of Roman political discourse and became a major component of the emperor Justinian’s imperial messaging and propaganda, especially in his Novels. The imperial history proposed by the Novels was aggressivley challenged by other writers of the period, creating a clear historical and political conflict over the role and import of Roman history as a model or justification for Roman politics in the sixth century. -
Book I. Title XXVII. Concerning the Office of the Praetor Prefect Of
Book I. Title XXVII. Concerning the office of the Praetor Prefect of Africa and concerning the whole organization of that diocese. (De officio praefecti praetorio Africae et de omni eiusdem dioeceseos statu.) Headnote. Preliminary. For a better understanding of the following chapters in the Code, a brief outline of the organization of the Roman Empire may be given, but historical works will have to be consulted for greater details. The organization as contemplated in the Code was the one initiated by Diocletian and Constantine the Great in the latter part of the third and the beginning of the fourth century of the Christian era, and little need be said about the time previous to that. During the Republican period, Rome was governed mainly by two consuls, tow or more praetors (C. 1.39 and note), quaestors (financial officers and not to be confused with the imperial quaestor of the later period, mentioned at C. 1.30), aediles and a prefect of food supply. The provinces were governed by ex-consuls and ex- praetors sent to them by the Senate, and these governors, so sent, had their retinue of course. After the empire was established, the provinces were, for a time, divided into senatorial and imperial, the later consisting mainly of those in which an army was required. The senate continued to send out ex-consuls and ex-praetors, all called proconsuls, into the senatorial provinces. The proconsul was accompanied by a quaestor, who was a financial officer, and looked after the collection of the revenue, but who seems to have been largely subservient to the proconsul. -
RICE, CARL ROSS. Diocletian's “Great
ABSTRACT RICE, CARL ROSS. Diocletian’s “Great Persecutions”: Minority Religions and the Roman Tetrarchy. (Under the direction of Prof. S. Thomas Parker) In the year 303, the Roman Emperor Diocletian and the other members of the Tetrarchy launched a series of persecutions against Christians that is remembered as the most severe, widespread, and systematic persecution in the Church’s history. Around that time, the Tetrarchy also issued a rescript to the Pronconsul of Africa ordering similar persecutory actions against a religious group known as the Manichaeans. At first glance, the Tetrarchy’s actions appear to be the result of tensions between traditional classical paganism and religious groups that were not part of that system. However, when the status of Jewish populations in the Empire is examined, it becomes apparent that the Tetrarchy only persecuted Christians and Manichaeans. This thesis explores the relationship between the Tetrarchy and each of these three minority groups as it attempts to understand the Tetrarchy’s policies towards minority religions. In doing so, this thesis will discuss the relationship between the Roman state and minority religious groups in the era just before the Empire’s formal conversion to Christianity. It is only around certain moments in the various religions’ relationships with the state that the Tetrarchs order violence. Consequently, I argue that violence towards minority religions was a means by which the Roman state policed boundaries around its conceptions of Roman identity. © Copyright 2016 Carl Ross Rice All Rights Reserved Diocletian’s “Great Persecutions”: Minority Religions and the Roman Tetrarchy by Carl Ross Rice A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts History Raleigh, North Carolina 2016 APPROVED BY: ______________________________ _______________________________ S. -
Hadrian and the Greek East
HADRIAN AND THE GREEK EAST: IMPERIAL POLICY AND COMMUNICATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Demetrios Kritsotakis, B.A, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2008 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Fritz Graf, Adviser Professor Tom Hawkins ____________________________ Professor Anthony Kaldellis Adviser Greek and Latin Graduate Program Copyright by Demetrios Kritsotakis 2008 ABSTRACT The Roman Emperor Hadrian pursued a policy of unification of the vast Empire. After his accession, he abandoned the expansionist policy of his predecessor Trajan and focused on securing the frontiers of the empire and on maintaining its stability. Of the utmost importance was the further integration and participation in his program of the peoples of the Greek East, especially of the Greek mainland and Asia Minor. Hadrian now invited them to become active members of the empire. By his lengthy travels and benefactions to the people of the region and by the creation of the Panhellenion, Hadrian attempted to create a second center of the Empire. Rome, in the West, was the first center; now a second one, in the East, would draw together the Greek people on both sides of the Aegean Sea. Thus he could accelerate the unification of the empire by focusing on its two most important elements, Romans and Greeks. Hadrian channeled his intentions in a number of ways, including the use of specific iconographical types on the coinage of his reign and religious language and themes in his interactions with the Greeks. In both cases it becomes evident that the Greeks not only understood his messages, but they also reacted in a positive way. -
2019 MASSACHUSETTS STATE CERTAMEN NOVICE DIVISION - ROUND I Page 1
2019 MASSACHUSETTS STATE CERTAMEN NOVICE DIVISION - ROUND I Page 1 1: TU: Which band of heroes led by Jason successfully fetched the Golden Fleece? THE ARGONAUTS B1: To where did Jason have to travel to bring back the Golden Fleece? COLCHIS B2: From which king of Colchis did Jason steal the fleece? AEETES 2: TU: Complete this analogy: laudō : laudābātur :: dīcō : _____. DĪCĒBĀTUR B1: …: laudō : laudāberis :: videō : _____. VIDĒBERIS B2: …: laudō : laudāberis :: audiō : _____. AUDIĒRIS 3: TU: How many wars did Rome wage against Philip V of Macedon? TWO B1: Against whom did Rome wage the Third Macedonian War? PERSEUS B2: Against whom did Rome wage the Fourth Macedonian War? ANDRISCUS 4: TU: What use of the ablative case can be found in the following sentence: pater tribus diēbus reveniet? TIME WITHIN WHICH B1: ...: equus magnā cum celeritāte currēbat? MANNER B2: ...: Aurēlia erat paulō pulchrior quam Iūlia? DEGREE OF DIFFERENCE 5: TU: The Romans used chalk to make what type of toga stand out during election season? CANDIDA B1: The Pompeians would have seen lots of togae candidae near the end of which month? MARCH B2: Give the Latin term for the officials for which the candidātī would be campaigning. DUOVIRĪ / AEDĪLĒS 6: TU: Quid Anglicē significat: amīcitia? FRIENDSHIP B1: Quid Anglicē significat: trīstis? SAD B2: Quid Anglicē significat: fortitūdō? BRAVERY, COURAGE, FORTITUDE 7: TU: Steropes, Brontes, & Arges are all part of what mythological group? CYCLOPES B1: Cottus, Gyges, & Briareus are all part of what mythological group? HECATONCHEIRES -
Divus Augustus Pater.” Divus Augustus Was a Title That Was Granted to Him After His Death, Meaning Divine Augustus
Ryan Mathison Coin 17 The reign of Caesar Augustus is often the point at which historians consider that the Roman Empire began, and the Roman Republic ended. The reign of Augustus, from 27BCE-14CE allowed for some of the greatest cultural developments in the western world, and helped bring an already powerful nation to another level of dominance in the world. As such, he is remembered to this day as a giant in the history of the west. This coin from the St. Olaf Collection demonstrates how he was portrayed to the Romans soon after his death, during the reign of the Emperor Tiberius, from 14-37 CE. This coin features, on the obverse, the head of Augustus, facing left, with the words “Divus Augustus Pater.” Divus Augustus was a title that was granted to him after his death, meaning divine Augustus. Pater, in Latin, means father, and is part of a title which was granted to Augustus. This title, Pater Patriae, meaning father of the fatherland, was a major title that was granted to people who did a great service to Rome. On this same side, there is also a star and a thunderbolt. The star, placed between the first “U” and “S” in Augustus, is a reference to one of the stars in the constellation Aquila. It was probably present between 4 and 2 BCE, during the reign of Augustus, and was put on the coins as a reference to his greatness, as such a celestial event must give legitimacy and divine providence to a leader.1 The Thunderbolt is a reference to Jupiter, king of the gods, and one of the patrons of Rome. -
Scobol Solo 2020 Packet 6
Scobol Solo 2020 PORTA Packet 6 (Round 6) NIGRA 1. If these mathematical things are locally equal to a convergent power series, then they are called “analytic”. Solutions to differential equations are these things. These things, which are not matrices, can only be invertible if they are bijective [by-JEK-tiv], which means they must be both one-to-one and onto. These things are relations whose graphs pass the vertical line test because each input corresponds to a single output. Name these entities that map their domain to their range. Answer: functions [prompt on mappings] 2. In a short story by this writer, a couple boards a train in San Antonio just after getting married. That story is about a rivalry between the policeman Jack Potter and the gun·slinger Scratchy Wilson, and it ends with Wilson deciding not to kill Potter. A novel by this author begins with a soldier going to wash a shirt and returning with news that his military company is going to move. In that novel, this author wrote about Jim Conklin dying after being shot, and the title character being hit in the head with a rifle, creating the novel’s title injury. Name this author of “The Bride Comes toYellow Sky” who wrote about Henry Fleming in The Red Badge of Courage. Answer: Stephen Crane 3. As U.S. president, this person signed the Military Peace Establishment Act, which created West Point Military Academy. A dispute with Britain led to this president signing the Non-Importation Act, and he signed a stronger law after the Chesapeake-Leopard affair. -
Barbarians of the Black Sea Region in the Struggle Between Constantine I and Licinius
BARBARIANS OF THE BLACK SEA REGION IN THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN CONSTANTINE I AND LICINIUS Sergey Vladimirovich YARTSEV Olga Igorevna KRAYUSHKINA Introduction This article is dedicated to the complicated question of the role and the significance of barbarians in the struggle between emperors Constantine I and Licinius I. Most of the facts we know are from various written sources about the two Augusts’ confrontation, and can be used to draw certain conclusions about the sequence of events. The most important of these events are the attack of the Sauromatus barbarians from Palus Maeotis, led by their king Rausimodus, against Constantine’s estate (at an unspecified date shortly before 323 AD) and the Gothic invasion in 323 AD. It is not unlikely that both these invasions were connected with plots hatched by Licinius. At the beginning, the march of Rausimodus, king of the Sauromatus to the Empire’s borders could be related to the fighting within the Roman state.1 It is very likely that this was one of the last attempts by barbarians to arrange a predatory aggression using a Bosporan fleet. Chapter 53 of Constantine Porphyrogenitus’ treatise De Administrando Imperio named Ιστορία περί τοΰ κάστρου Χερσώνος [Story of the city of Cherson] is a very specific source. It includes five different plotlines that tell us about events of ancient Crimean history. However, the information in this source is quite difficult to understand and to interpret. The main complications for the author were that the events in the text are unique and were written in a time distant from Constatine’s epoch. -
Constantine the Great and Christian Imperial Theocracy Charles Matson Odahl Boise State University
Boise State University ScholarWorks History Faculty Publications and Presentations Department of History 1-1-2007 Constantine the Great and Christian Imperial Theocracy Charles Matson Odahl Boise State University Publication Information Odahl, Charles Matson. (2007). "Constantine the Great and Christian Imperial Theocracy". Connections: European Studies Annual Review, 3, 89-113. This document was originally published in Connections: European Studies Annual Review by Rocky Mountain European Scholars Consortium. Copyright restrictions may apply. Coda: Recovering Constantine's European Legacy 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 Constantine the Great and Christian Imperial Theocracy Charles Matson Odahl, Boise State University1 rom his Christian conversion under the influence of cept of imperial theocracy was conveyed in contemporary art Frevelatory experiences outside Rome in A.D. 312 until (Illustration I). his burial as the thirteenth Apostle at Constantinople in Although Constantine had been raised as a tolerant 337, Constantine the Great, pagan polytheist and had the first Christian emperor propagated several Olympian of the Roman world, initiated divinities, particularly Jupiter, the role of and set the model Hercules, Mars, and Sol, as for Christian imperial theoc di vine patrons during the early racy. Through his relationship years of his reign as emperor -
Women in Livy and Tacitus
Xavier University Exhibit Honors Bachelor of Arts Undergraduate 2021-5 Women in Livy and Tacitus STEPHEN ALEXANDER PREVOZNIK Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH Follow this and additional works at: https://www.exhibit.xavier.edu/hab Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, Ancient Philosophy Commons, Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons, Classical Literature and Philology Commons, and the Other Classics Commons Recommended Citation PREVOZNIK, STEPHEN ALEXANDER, "Women in Livy and Tacitus" (2021). Honors Bachelor of Arts. 46. https://www.exhibit.xavier.edu/hab/46 This Capstone/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate at Exhibit. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Bachelor of Arts by an authorized administrator of Exhibit. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Women in Livy and Tacitus By Stephen Prevoznik Prevoznik 1 Introduction Livy and Tacitus are both influential and important Roman authors. They have written two of the most influential histories of Rome. Livy covers from the founding of Rome until the Reign of Augustus. Tacitus focuses on the early empire, writing from the end of Augustus’ reign through Nero. This sets up a nice symmetry, as Tacitus picks up where Livy stops. Much has been written about the men they include, but the women also play an important role. This essay plans to outline how the women in each work are used by the authors to attain their goals. In doing so, each author’s aim is exposed. Livy: Women as Exempla Livy’s most famous work, Ab Urbe Condita, is meant to be read as a guide. -
The Political and Military Aspects of Accession of Constantine the Great
Graeco-Latina Brunensia 24 / 2019 / 2 https://doi.org/10.5817/GLB2019-2-2 The Political and Military Aspects of Accession of Constantine the Great Stanislav Doležal (University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice) Abstract The article argues that Constantine the Great, until he was recognized by Galerius, the senior ČLÁNKY / ARTICLES Emperor of the Tetrarchy, was an usurper with no right to the imperial power, nothwithstand- ing his claim that his father, the Emperor Constantius I, conferred upon him the imperial title before he died. Tetrarchic principles, envisaged by Diocletian, were specifically put in place to supersede and override blood kinship. Constantine’s accession to power started as a military coup in which a military unit composed of barbarian soldiers seems to have played an impor- tant role. Keywords Constantine the Great; Roman emperor; usurpation; tetrarchy 19 Stanislav Doležal The Political and Military Aspects of Accession of Constantine the Great On 25 July 306 at York, the Roman Emperor Constantius I died peacefully in his bed. On the same day, a new Emperor was made – his eldest son Constantine who had been present at his father’s deathbed. What exactly happened on that day? Britain, a remote province (actually several provinces)1 on the edge of the Roman Empire, had a tendency to defect from the central government. It produced several usurpers in the past.2 Was Constantine one of them? What gave him the right to be an Emperor in the first place? It can be argued that the political system that was still valid in 306, today known as the Tetrarchy, made any such seizure of power illegal. -
Latin Epics of the New Testament: Juvencus, Sedulius, Arator
LATIN EPICS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT This page intentionally left blank Latin Epics of the New Testament Juvencus, Sedulius, Arator ROGERP.H.GREEN 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox26dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Roger P. H. Green 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or