Theme: Innovation & Creativity

Theme: Innovation & Creativity Report • 2000 edition eport • 2000 edition 2000 • eport European Business Summit Rue des Sols 8 - B-1000 Brussels Tel. : (32) 2 515 08 11 Fax : (32) 2 515 09 15 e-mail : [email protected]

website: www.ebsummit.org Business Summit European R www.ebsummit.org

European Business Summit 2000 • Report Table of Contents

Foreword 3

Patronage and Support 4

Hosts and Partners 5

Objectives 6

Speakers 7

Compilation of write-ups, proceeding from workshops, opening and closing sessions 19

Social Events 45

Facts and Figures 50

Evaluation 50

Press Review 51

Acknowledgements 55

Next European Business Summit 56

2 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Foreword

Dear Sir, Dear Madam,

From June 9th to 11th 2000, the Federation of Belgian Companies (FEB-VBO) and UNICE, the voice of Business in Europe organised the first edition of the European Business Summit on the theme "Innovation and Creativity", how we can use it to foster performance, development and growth in each of our business sectors.

This event was a unique opportunity for European decision-makers both at economic and political level to meet.

You will learn from this report that the European Business Summit offered a large range of different opportunities to explore issues around Europe's political and economic landscape. We believe this Summit was useful to the European Business community and to European and national authorities since it facilitated not only experience and information exchanges but also reflected on the dynamics of Innovation and Creativity, two aspects which are fundamental in promoting growth and employment.

It was a pleasure and a privilege to welcome about 1,000 delegates to this summit. We hope they have had an enjoyable opportunity to make new connections and gain some innovative insights for the future.

Best regards,

Gui de Vaucleroy Georges Jacobs President, FEB-VBO President, UNICE Federation of Belgian Companies Union of Industrial and Employers’ Confederations of Europe

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 3 Patronage and Support

Patronage H.M. King Albert II European Parliament Belgian Prime Minister Belgian Minister of Foreign Affairs Brussels-Capital Region Mayor of Brussels

Support ERT, The European Round Table of Industrialists is a group of 45 European industrial leaders who are personally committed to strengthen and develop Europe’s industrial and technological competitiveness. The EU Committee represents the views of European companies of American parentage. Its member companies are drawn from a broad cross-section of the European business community and represent some of the most committed business supporters of the European ideal and the Single Market concept. Growth Plus is the voice for medium-sized high-growth companies in Europe. A pan-European association, with national chapters, it brings together the entrepreneurs running Europe’s most dynamic, job-creating companies. Through its various research activities (including the Annual Europe’s 500 listing), the association demonstrates the impact of high-growth companies as job and prosperity creators. Its mission is to promote entrepreneurship throughout Europe and to advise policy makers on how to improve the environment for growth companies. UNICE (Union of Industrial and Employers Confederations of Europe) is: • The voice of all companies in every business sector in their relations with the European institutions - promoting the common interests of its members, informing and influencing the decision-making process at the European level, and representing its members in the dialogue between EU social partners; • An independent organisation whose members are 35 industrial and employers’ federations from 27 European countries representing 16 million companies and 106 million employees. VBO-FEB (Federation of Belgian Companies) is: • The European Business S ummit is an initiative of the Federation of Belgian Companies; •Holding a central position in the process of consultation, dialogue and negotiations involving business and industry, the Federation of Belgian Companies is an essential cog in the wheels of the socio-economic life of the country; • The Federation of Belgian Companies consists of some 32 professional federations. They represent a total of more than 30,000 enterprises, of which some 25,000 SMEs.

4 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Hosts and Partners

Hosts

Union of Industrial and Federation of Belgian Companies Employers’Confederations of Europe www.vbo-feb.be www.unice.be

collaboration

The European Commission Brussels-Capital Region

Partners

MEMBER OF

ING GROUP Procter & Gamble Western Europe

ups ®

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 5 Objectives

The European Business S ummit is a forum of active dialogue at the highest level, with joint thinking and a shared commitment to bridge the gap that separates the world of business from that of the policy-makers. It is an opportunity for the various economic players to exchange knowledge, and define objectives within a common action plan from both the point of view of business partners and decision makers at the domestic and European level.

Brussels, which provides the platform for the European Business Summit, offers extraordinary opportunities. It is home to significant European and international institutions and we do not always have the occasion to make the most of these resources.

60% of new legislation is initiated at EU level, of which 70% affect companies. However 80% of EU policy makers do not have private company experience. It is thus vital to bring the worlds of business and policy makers closer together.

The President of the European Commission, Romano Prodi, stated that "Europe isn't about institutions: it's about people. Prosperity in Europe depends on European people having jobs, and jobs depend on a healthy economy, so the challenge facing us is how to achieve environmentally and economically sustainable growth that creates new jobs".

In the light of the new Commission and the outcomes of the Council of Lisbon of March 2000, the objective of the European Business Summit have been to lead a structured dialogue between key people from the private and public sector on aspects of Innovation and Creativity which affect economic growth, job creation and the achievement of sustainable development.

Didier Malherbe Founder and Managing Director European Business Summit

6 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Speakers

Arke Anthony

Secretary General EuropaBio Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Dutch

Ballmer Steve

President and Chief Executive Officer Microsoft Corporation Washington • USA Nationality: American

Barnier Michel

Member of the European Commission Regional Policy Brussels • Belgium Nationality: French

Beck Tom

Director of Research UCB Pharma Brussels • Belgium Nationality: American

Berndt Wolfgang C.

President Procter & Gamble Europe, Middle East and Africa Global Business Unit Fabr ic & Home Care

Strombeek-Bever • Belgium Nationality: German

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 7 Boonstra Cor

President Royal Philips Electronics Amsterdam • The Netherlands Nationality: Dutch

Borges Antonio (Dr.)

Dean INSEAD Business School Fontainebleau • France Nationality: Portuguese

Busquin Philippe

Member of the European Commission Research Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Buts Alfons

President and Chief Executive Officer Xeikon Mortsel • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Buxton Andrew

Chairman, European Services Forum (EFS) Barclays Bank London • Great Britain Nationality : British

8 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Byrne David

Member of the European Commission Health and Consumer Protection Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Irish

Colomban Massimo

Chairman Permasteelisa Group Milan • Italy Nationality: Italian

Crochet Marcel

Rector Catholic University of Louvain (UCL) Louvain-la-Neuve • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Cromme Gerhard

Chairman of the Executive Board ThyssenKrupp Dusseldorf • Germany Nationality: German

Davignon Etienne (Viscount)

President Société Générale de Belgique Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 9 De Nolf Rik

Chief Executive Officer Roularta Media Group Roeselare • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

De Smedt Pierre-Alain

Executive Vice-President Renault Group Boulogne-Billancourt • France Nationality: Belgian

de Vaucleroy Gui

President VBO-FEB (Federation of Belgian Companies) Chairman of the Board Delhaize le Lion Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Gabaglio Emilio

General Secretary European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Italian

George Peter

President, Europe, Middle East & Africa Nortel Networks Valbonne • France Nationality: American

10 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Goossens John

President and Chief Executive Officer Belgacom Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Grant Bruce H.

President and Chief Executive Officer Get2Net New York • USA Nationality: American

Jacobs Georges (Baron)

President UNICE (Union of Industrial and Employers’ Confederations of Europe) Chairman UCB Group Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Janssen Daniel (Baron)

Chairman of the Board of Directors Solvay Group Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Krämer Peter

Chief Executive Officer Spinnrad and Trendgap.com Gelsenkirchen • Germany Nationality: German

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 11 Lamadrid Lorenzo

President and Chief Executive Officer Arthur D.Little Cambridge • USA Nationality: American

Lamy Pascal

Member of the European Commission Trade Brussels • Belgium Nationality: French

Lernout Jo

Co-Chairman Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products Ieper • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Liikanen Erkki

Member of the European Commission Enterprise and Information Society Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Finnish

Martin Villa Rodolfo

Chairman ENDESA-Spain Madrid • Spain Nationality: Spanish

12 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Mitterbauer Peter

President VÖI (Federation of Austrian Industry) Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer MIBA Laakirchen • Austria Nationality: Austrian

Monti Mario

Member of the European Commission Internal Market - Financial Services & Integration

Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Italian

Myklebust Egil

President Norsk Hydro Oslo • Norway Nationality: Norwegian

Ollila Jorma

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer Nokia Espoo • Finland Nationality: Finnish

Payre Denis

President European Technology Ventures Brussels • Belgium Nationality: French

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 13 Prodi Romano

President European Commission Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Italian

Peeters Jos B.

Managing Director Capricorn Venture Partners Leuven • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Quintin Odile

Director General Directorate General for Employment and Social Policy (EC) Brussels • Belgium Nationality: French

Rasser Koos

Vice President & General Counsel - Patents Procter & Gamble Worldwide Cincinnati • USA Nationality: Dutch

Reding Viviane

Member of the European Commission Education and Culture, Publications Office Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Luxemburger

14 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Simon David (Lord of Highbury)

Advisor British Government (Cabinet Office) London • United Kingdom Nationality: British

Stanca Lucio

Chairman IBM Europe, Middle East, Africa Paris • France Nationality: Italian

Steinwender Herbert

Secretary General VA Technlogies Linz • Austria Nationality: Austrian

Tabaksblat Morris

Chairman European Round Table of Industrialists (ERT) Chairman Reed Elsevier The Netherlands Nationality: Dutch

Tilmant Michel

Vice-Chairman of the Board ING Group-BBL Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 15 Thompson Clive (Sir)

President Confederation of British Industry (CBI) Chief Executive Officer Rentokil London • United Kingdom Nationality: British

Ugeux Georges

Group Executive Vice-President, International &Research New York Stock Exchange New York • USA Nationality: Belgian

van Lede Cornelis

Chairman, Board of Management Akzo Nobel Arnhem • The Netherlands Nationality: Dutch

Van Miert Karel

Minister of State, Belgium Universiteit Nyenrode Breukelen • The Netherlands Nationality: Belgian

Van Montagu Marc

Professor Emeritus, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Genetics University of Ghent Ghent • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

16 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Vaver David

Reuters Professor of Intellectual Property and Information Technology Law Oxford University Oxford • United Kingdom Nationality: British

Vergnes Bernard

Chairman Microsoft Europe Paris • France Nationality: French

Verhofstadt Guy

Prime Minister

Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Belgian

Wallström Margot

Member of the European Commission Environment Brussels • Belgium Nationality: Swedish

Warrick John D.

President UPS Europe Diegem • Belgium Nationality: American

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 17 Yossifov Vladimir

Director of the Division for Infrastructure Services and Innovation Promotion World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) Nationality: Bulgarian

Zwarts Hans

President & Chief Executive Officer Randstad Holdings Amsterdam • The Netherlands Nationality: Dutch

18 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Compilation of write-ups, proceeding from workshops, opening and closing sessions

The programme had 2 plenary sessions and 12 workshops organised in 3 series of four concurrent sessions covering 4 main clusters related to innovation challenges. The first cluster < of workshops examined companies' pathways to innovation: strategy, processes, organisation and resources. The second cluster < investigated how innovative businesses explore new markets or reinvent traditional ones. The third cluster < discussed how the legal and regulatory framework can be transformed to better support the capacity of companies to innovate. The fourth cluster < discussed ways for companies to mobilise their key inputs to innovate: people and money. Each series included one workshop topic from each of the four clusters.

The present compilation has been made by Arthur D. Little, knowledge partner of the European Business Summit.

Table of Contents

Summary of the opening session 20

< Innovative Company Culture: From concept to customer (IA) 22 < E-business: Innovation and new markets (IB) 24 < Supporting Innovation by pr otecting intellectual property (IC) 26 < Nurturing innovators through education (ID) 27

< Innovation through strategic alliances (IIA) 29 < Biotechnologies: Building Consumer's acceptance (IIB) 31 < Simplifying regulatory processes and taxation (IIC) 32 < Funding innovation and start-up's (IID) 33

< From the vision to the winning strategy (IIIA) 35 < Innovation and Deregulation: Reinventing traditional markets (IIIB) 37 < Enhancing the flexibility of labor markets (IIIC) 38 < Refocusing Public R&D Programmes (IIID) 39

Summary of the closing session 41

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 19 European Business Summit Summary of the opening session

The need of a dialogue between business-leaders and policy-makers to foster innovation

“The time has come to bring together business-leaders and policy-makers for a reflective and comprehensive approach” said Gui de Vaucleroy, president FEB-VBO, to kick-off the European Business Summit.

After presenting the different organizers of the summit and welcomed his Royal Highness Prince Philippe of Belgium, Gui de Vaucleroy focused on the critical importance of innovation in our rapidly integrating world.

He stressed the fact that breakthrough innovation is a prerequisite for companies to survive (“to maintain their Gui de Vaucleroy welcomes competitiveness, companies are required to be constantly the participants innovative”), but is only possible if the political environment foresees and comprehends the need for change.

Therefore, true innovation will be easier to achieve through harmonious decisions between business-leaders and policy-makers. This requires mutual understanding, i.e. businessmen have to have a better understanding of European policy-making institutions and at the same time, European policy-makers have to be exposed to business life.

He concluded his introduction by restating that innovation and creativity should be central to both management and policy-makers. He then closed with a question that was to be the backbone of the following two days, i.e. "Does legislation create a favorable environment for innovation?"

Innovation and creativity to build a new, better society

Prince Philippe introduced the idea of a knowledge-based economy, stressing the fact that in such economy, innovation is key to make the difference. He took the time to highlight that Europe was a fertile ground for innovation, one of its key assets being the cultural and linguistic diversity, which if leveraged properly, can be a fantastic catalyst for innovation.

“But, isn't innovation much wider than just R&D?” Prince Philippe strongly believes so. H e is convinced that encouraging people to be more creative can help them to be happier because more able to determine their own future. Prince Philippe conveyed the message “that H.R.H. Prince Philippe of Belgium technological progress gives us the opportunity to build a new society”. He concluded with the message that individual creativity is not enough to build a new society. Individual creativity needs to be supported by incentives from the government and the business community to create an innovation-friendly framework.

20 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Have a dream, be patient, and understand the regulatory framework to make your dream happen

For Steve Ballmer, innovation starts with a dream. We need to suspend disbeliefs and pursue the impossible if we want to be innovative.

To make the dream happen, patience and listening skills are two key qualities. Even if innovation requires speed, it usually takes a long time to come to market. The dream needs to be refined through several iterations with customers before it can become true. Listening to customers and investing in R&D on the long term are two pillars of innovation.

Steve Ballmer (Microsoft) Innovation should be considered minimum at industry level. One company alone cannot be innovative, it is emulation among a large group of companies that allows the industry to prosper.

Innovation is also a worldwide challenge, and therefore, it requires the help of governments who should act as examples. They have a key role to play in setting a framework in place, which helps to narrow the skills gap, protects intellectual property and develops the right regulations.

Entrepreneurship, benchmarking and e-Europe are the keys to grasp the enormous IT opportunities

Erkki Liikanen emphasized the urgent need for Europe to release its entrepreneurial and innovative potential, in order to catch up in information technology.

He strongly believes that Europe needs to build a new culture of entrepreneurship. “To be an entrepreneur should be one of the choices available to everyone”. It starts with schools and universities where the entrepreneurial spirit should be encouraged. “The entrepreneurial spirit should be nurtured from an early age”. It continues with regulations at national and European level that should favor this spirit. “All new regulations at Erkki Liikanen (European Commission) national and European level should be screened to assess their impact on business, especially small enterprises”. It also means rewarding success and accept failure which should be seen as part of the learning curve.

Mr Liikanen insisted on the importance of benchmarking among Member States and with the US, to measure progress and best practices.

On the Internet and e-commerce, Mr Liikanen presented the 3 main axes of the e-Europe Action plan, i.e. (1) a cheaper, faster and more secure Internet, (2) stimulate the use of Internet and (3) invest in people and skills.

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 21 The first axis will be persued by driving the liberalization of the telecommunications markets until the very end. The objective is to bring competition to the local loop to enable the roll-out of high speed Internet at flat monthly rates. The second axis touches the problem of having a clear legal framework for e-commerce, which is vital for its growth.

Last but not least, this requires investing in people and skills in order to turn the information society into opportunities rather than threats. Governments with industry support have the responsibility to close the skills gap. In this respect, connecting schools is a priority.

European Business Summit Summary of the first serie of workshops

< From Concept to Customer - the Innovative Company Culture

• Sir Clive Thompson, CEO, Rentokil Initial and President, Confederation of British Industry • Mr Michel Barnier, M ember of the European Commission (Regional Policy) • Mr Michel Tilmant, Vice-President, ING Group • Mr Jo Lernout, Co-founder and Co-chairman, Lernout & Hauspie • Mr Wolfgang Berndt, President, Global Business Unit F abric & Home Care, Procter & Gamble

Speakers in this session stressed the value of diversity and empowerment in fostering an innovative culture, with knowledge networks and new technology as vital enablers. The European Commission's Michel Barnier set the subject in context by describing the strains Europe faces as the EU rapidly enlarges, yet with wealth still concentrated in a predominantly urban population in the West of the Union. Regional policy and information technology have key parts to play in countering the disparities and building cohesion in a vibrant "e-Europe".

At company level too, diversity is something to be Michel Tilmant (ING), Sir Clive Thomson celebrated and built upon, while ensuring that the best (CBI), Jo Lernout (L&H) and ideas, practices and skill are shared throughout the Wolfgang Berndt (P&G) organisation and beyond. The customer and his changing, increasingly spohisticated demands are the central drivers: ING's Michel Tilmant emphasised that innovation requires anticipating customer needs, and exploiting the real strength of a large organisation in pulling together and exploiting the resources and competencies of all its operating units to satisfy those needs. This calls for a spectrum of innovation - from spontaneous to intentional and from incremental to breakthrough (figure 1).

22 European Business Summit 2000 • Report The innovation spectrum (1) Breakthrough

Emerging Breakthroughs Strategic Innovation • Quantum Change • Quantum Change • Med/High Revenue Potential • Med/High Revenue Potential • Accidental/Uncontrolled • Initiated by Organization Spontaneous Intentional Unplanned Improvements Incremental Innovation • Incremental Change • Incremental Change • Low/Med Revenue Potential • Low/Med Revenue Potential • Accidental/Uncontrolled • Initiated by Organization

Incremental

In this climate, innovation can't be dictated from the top: success comes from giving people freedom to generate ideas and exploit them, sometimes by channelling the exploitation opportunities outside their business. Differences must be reconciled - focus and alertness to opportunities, discipline and entrepreneurship, geographic boundaries and lines of business, decisiveness and consensus-building - and more. Procter & Gamble's Wolfgang Berndt concurred with the need to leverage diversity and allow it to flourish, and went on to stress the value of blending the company's own knowledge with experience from outside, in order to Wolfgang Berndt understand the customer better and innovate faster than ever. Cross-fertilisation across the organisation and with suppliers, universities and research institutes makes a major contribution to Procter & Gamble's innovative success, with visual devices - knowledge maps - helping to keep track of the linkages. Session chairman Sir Clive Thompson showed from the experience of his own company, Rentokil I nitial, the value of a strong culture among its 120,000 staff and a clear top-down message - backed up by resources - to encourage innovation in business services.

E-technology has an overarching influence on all this, driving down costs, eroding the barriers between Sir Clive Thomson different areas of business, enabling an internal marketplace for ideas and creating new platforms for innovation and new operating models. Jo Lernout, of Lernout & Hauspie, provided a practical example of this: automatic speech recognition and natural language understanding open the way to immensely powerful querying, indexing and dialogue-based browsing. Devices will become easier to use and all-pervasive, and ten years out, a key competitive question will be “Whose intelligent assistant is the smartest?”

Jo Lernout

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 23 The ever-faster innovation that the speakers described can only happen if the corporate culture is supportive, helping people to be their best in an environment of constant change. A command-and-control culture doesn't work for innovation, and over-aligning processes can stifle creativity. Tilmant believes “a little chaos is good for innovation”. There are other threats too: a belief that you're already doing everything right; listening too much to existing, rather than future needs; too much perfectionism; stigmatising failure; waiting for consensus before moving forward; and inability to cope with internal tension. Instead, management and policymakers must work to provide space to innovate and foster an entrepreneurial environment inside and outside the company. Both have parts to play in encouraging companies to develop external links including those with academia, providing an open marketplace for research and development, and building stakeholder dialogue and involvement - leading to innovation as a response to legitimate stakeholder concerns. Governments can help, for example by removing tax and regulatory disincentives and ensuring a healthy availability of capital, while the challenge for business puts the spotlight on company leaders. Wolfgang Berndt summed it up:

“Lead through values and principles, rather than rules and procedures”

< E-Business - Innovation and new markets

• Mr Jorma Ollila, CEO, Nokia • Mr Peter George, President, Enterprise S olution EMEA, Nortel Networks • Mr Erkki Liikanen, Member of the European Commission (Enterprise Policy and Information Society) • Mr Bernard Vergnes, President Microsoft Europe

In this session, speakers wanted to express the characteristics of the Internet revolution and what should be expected next. They all agreed that Internet is much more than just another distribution or information channel.

Peter George, President from Nortel Networks first stressed the fact that Internet was giving the power to the consumer. With the help of expressive video support he showed how I nternet completely reverses the consumer's relationship. With Internet, every purchase can become an auction. To illustrate this, Peter George took the example of the airlines business. A few years ago, prospect clients were coming with a travel request to be dictated by the airline company's rules: timing, price etc... Today the client sets his conditions and the airlines best fitting these conditions gets the deal. The future Peter George generations of Internet will emphasize this dimension more and more. Internet will move from www.whatever y ou want.com to www.My world.com. In that perspective he stressed that new economy success will be given to companies understanding that next to Return on

24 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Investment, there is also a Return on Customer Relationship... understanding and actively using it as performance indicators.

Jorma Ollila, CEO of Nokia, also stressed the future move of E business to M(obile) business. In this field, Europe is leading the way. Through this mobile revolution, Internet will be present in every pocket and a continous relationship with individuals will be established. This new trend will allow a more balanced development of B2B and B2C. New business models now emerging in the B2B will penetrate into the consumer business.

Bernard Vergnes, President of Microsoft Europe explained how Internet obliges companies to develop a Jorma Ollila totally new Business M odel. Corporation processes and methods must be amended. Technology must be internalized to (1) take better decisions, (2) be closer to customer and (3) reshape business processes. Those who believe that it is just an extra distribution channel or a way to inform stakeholders will miss the train.

The guest speakers also quickly overviewed the conditions for success in the new economy.

The first one is the development of a true entrepreneurial spirit. In that perspective, European regulations ar e behind the U.S. in supporting new entrepreneurs.

The second one is the right combination of bricks and clicks in company's business model proposals. During the panel discussions, two intervenants from UPS and Delhaize Group expressed their concern that many new economy businesses fail because they do not give enough attention to logistics, transport and sales services.

The third one is to accept continuous change. Technology is moving at an extremely rapid pace. While it took 75 years for the telephone to reach 50 million people, Internet only needed 4 years.

Finally industrialists requested regulators' help in creating some extra conditions for success. These are the (1) liberalization of communication markets, (2) the promotion of connections throughout the entire population (Internet at schools etc...) and (3) the development of a legal frame ensuring security of transactions. Simply because, above all, success will be related to consumers' trust in the company's business models and associated technologies.

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 25

< Supporting Innovation by Protecting Intellectual Property

• Mr Koos Rasser, Vice-President and General Counsel, Patents, Procter & Gamble • Mr Herbert Steinwender, Secretary General VA Technologies, Chairman UNICE Innovation Task Force • Mr Vladimir Yossifov, Director, Division for Infrastructure Services and Innovation Promotion, WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) • Mr David Vaver, Reuters Pr ofessor of IP & IT Law, Oxford University; Director, Oxford Intellectual Property Research Centre

Procter & Gamble's Koos Rasser stressed that a well functioning patent system must be low cost, high speed and predictable. Under these conditions, it supports and stimulates innovation. But, speakers in this session all agreed that intellectual property protection in Europe must be faster and less complicated. Europe is lagging behind the USA and Japan in terms of cost, speed and predictability of the patents' granting phase.

Patents are painfully slow to file and very expensive to translate and maintain, especially in Europe. Furthermore, the clumsy administrative system hinders Koos Rasser the diffusion of ideas by failing to protect IPRs effectively, or because the cost and duration of court proceedings are simply enormous. There is a real need to improve the system for obtaining intellectual property rights in Europe.

Rasser and VA Technologies' Herbert Steinwender said that improvements are needed to put European Innovation up to speed and provided some examples to achieve it:

• Move to a Community Patent •Use a single language, English, everywhere in Europe •Reduce the application process and accelerate proceedings • More specialized and pan-European legal institutions •Better cooperation between investors and inventors

Professor David Vaver, of Oxford University, added that too much IP may be counter-productive and getting the balance right is critical. He demonstrated that the IP system is too fragmented, with lots of inconsistencies (e.g. in copyright vs. patents), due to the fact that different policies have grown up haphazardly.

WIPO - World Intellectual Property Or ganization - oper- ates several international treaties to facilitate access to protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Vladimir Yossifov, of WIPO, told us that the main objective of the Patent Law Treaty (June 1, 2000 - 43 countries) is to sim- David Vaver plify, streamline and standardize the process to obtain and maintain a patent, whilst reducing all the costs linked to patents and IPR.

26 European Business Summit 2000 • Report < Nurturing innovators through education

• Mr Lucio Stanca, Pr esident IBM Middle East Africa • Mr Gerhard Cromme, Chairman of the Executive Board, Thyssenkrupp • Mr Antonio Borges, Dean Insead • Ms Odile Quintin, Director G eneral, DG Employment and Social Policy (EC)

For Odile Quintin, there is a strong educational component to innovation, which presents 2 axes: the entrepreneurial spirit on the one hand and the risk taking aspect on the other hand. Both need appropriate reward.

In the new knowledge based society, the European Commission wants to invest massively in education in order to take advantage of the economic change and to create the conditions for innovation. The final objective is to create more and better jobs. One aspect of a better job is the part of this job dedicated to education. The workplace should become a learning place to Gerhard Cromme and Antonio Borges promote the idea of life-long learning. This concept requires intensive co-operation between companies and universities, to define the right skills and close the current skills gap.

In order to make the workforce more flexible and attain full employment, the European commission is putting in place different programs:

• The Euro employment pr ocess, which should lead to full employment through promoting entrepreneurship, adaptability, and equal opportunities • The Euro social fund to provide support for start-ups • The e-learning to adapt the education/training systems to the concept of knowledge based society. • etc.

For Lucio Stanca, from IBM, innovation is driven by 4 elements:

• The company culture (give space for innovation). It is the company culture which fosters innovation • The rewarding systems (share the created value) • The perception of failure (allow failure) • The market orientation (innovation is not an objective, it needs to be at the service of the customer)

Education plays an important role in these 4 dimensions and the key challenges in the education area are:

• How to attract, retain and develop the best people? • Better work with governments to bridge the skills gap and remove the paradox of facing unemployment and lack of skills at the same time • Increase investments in education to catch-up with the US •Accelerate the co-operation between universities and companies

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 27 Gerhard Cromme insisted on the fact that benchmarks show that Europe is behind in terms of education. He repeated that innovation is key and that education plays a central role in fostering innovation. He believes that the added value of education in encouraging innovation is twofold: creativity (personality) and good knowldege/academical background.

In this context, he highlighted two things: first the fact that the relations between public and private sector should be dramatically improved, and second, the fact that benchmarking was key to encourage progress.

Antonio Borges closed the presentation by repeating that Europe needs to spend more on educating people on entrepreneurship, and that companies need to be involved in education. He mentioned also that the big difference between education in Europe and the US, is that Europe is much more focused on the content and the US on the process. He thinks Europe should compromise on the content to develop process skills allowing to develop the autonomy for personal learning.

In the debate with the audience, the subject of mismatch between the demand and the offer in terms of skills has been discussed. One partial answer was to say that it was not bad to start with broad base and that it was the duty of the corporations to specialize people and invest in life-long learning. It was also mentioned that companies did not reward long technical studies enough to encourage people to undertake such studies.

Conclusion was that neither the companies, nor the business schools were focusing enough on entrepreneurship. To solve this problem, we should start by discussing which area of responsibility in education should be taken by public authority, and which part by the private sector. At the very end, one question was raised on the relevance of encouraging entrepreneurship in primary and secondary schools, like in the US, where children have to do projects as from an early age.

28 European Business Summit 2000 • Report European Business Summit Summary of the second serie of workshops

< Innovation through strategic alliances

• Mr Karel Van Miert, former European Commissioner, Universiteit Nyenrode • Mr Lorenzo Lamadrid, President and CEO, Arhur D. Little • Mr Peter Mitterbauer, President VÖI • Mr Mario Monti, M ember of the European Commission (competition)

Karel Van Miert introduced the workshop by phrasing for both companies and Public Authorities, the challenges underlying the subject of strategic alliances. Companies need to be creative to find solutions when they don't have enough internal resources, and the Public Authority needs to assess if this is in line with the competitive regulation.

Lorenzo Lamadrid introduced the concept of Innovation Premium, which translates the idea that innovation generates more shareholder v alue, as it has an impact on the top and the bottom line for companies who Karel Van Miert embrace the concept. There are mechanisms to create that continuous growth and when the market knows you have the mechanisms in place, it reacts positively. In this context, the internet can be very powerful by putting together customers, suppliers and competitors, provided they invest into growth, rather than cost cutting.

Peter Mitterbauer compared a strategic alliance to a marriage. It is a long-term engagement, it can break-up easily, and its success depends on trust, and sharing resources.

The number of alliances is growing because the market asks for higher speed of innovation, companies are facing increasing competition, and more and more industries converge. As a result, competitors and suppliers have to adapt.

P. Mitterbauer exposed the pro's and con's of strategic Mario Monti and Peter Mitterbauer alliances.

PRO's CON's More options and knowledge Coordinating separate operations Respective market value grows P artner's goal might differ No change in ownership Can create competition Particularly alluring to SME High failure rate

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 29 He concluded his speech by saying that strategic alliances are a tool to use selectively, but that it can play a vital role in creating innovation. Governments should encourage companies to create alliances, and the framework in Europe should be adapted to secure competition.

Mario Monti explained how Competition Authorities can encourage innovation, and it is mainly by regulating competition. Innovation needs to go to the consumer, and to that respect, maintaining competition is a key driver of innovation.

In the context of maintaining competition, there are 4 main issues for the European Commission 1. Mergers or joint ventures which reduce innovation potential (e.g. firms dominant in R&D in their industry). 2. Gate-keeper effect. If the new entity controls the infrastructure required for competition. 3. The critical mass. Partnerships sometimes allow to create innovation that could not be reached without the partnership. 4. Web-based B2B electronic marketplaces, which have some positive effects (cost reduction, new type of competition), but also some negative aspects (sensitive information, exclusion of some individual firms).

The EC is favorable to strategic alliances as long as there is no perverse effect on competition.

The questions of strategic alliances on the Web was raised, and 2 points of view were expressed: one underlining the risk of further concentration/domi- nation on certain markets, the other pointing out that the web has the capacity to invert the negotiation power, and therefore opens the market as customers can be closer to non-local small players.

A strong point was made that strategic alliances need to be regulated, as it might be dangerous for emerging countries, who could be excluded from the game. On the other hand, if correctly regulated, strategic alliances can be a powerful contributor for these countries to penetrate the western markets.

The high failure rate of strategic alliances is perceived as a proof of health of companies. They can indeed easily split-up if not gaining from these dynamic links, as opposed of being stuck in fixed linkages.

As a conclusion, it was stressed that strategic alliances requires a new type of leader, i.e. a change of mindset, and a new type of competition regulation, i.e. horizontal cooperation agreements.

30 European Business Summit 2000 • Report < Biotechnologies: Building Consumers' Acceptance

• Professor Marc van Montagu, Univ ersity of Ghent • Mr David Byrne, M ember of the European Commission (Health and Consumer Protection) • Dr Tom Beck, Global Research Director , UCB Pharma • Mr Anthony Arke, Secretary General, EuropaBio

The Conference took place at a time of rising concern among European consumers about the effects of new biotechnologies, especially in the food industry. Poll evidence showed consumer resistance to have risen significantly since 1996, and many feel inadequately informed. Session moderator Professor Marc van Montagu summed up the areas of public concern:

• The perception of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as 'unnatural' •Safety issues - human health issues such as food safety and antibiotic markers, and environmental Marc van Montagu issues such as biodiversity loss, gene transfer and the escape of GM crops •Regulatory issues - unsatisfactory controls, labelling policy and the consumer's right to choose whether to accept GM products •Economic issues - big life sciences companies 'controlling the food chain', impacts on developing countries, and the effects on small and family farmers.

Reactions to GM technology are not uniform - UCB Pharma's Tom Beck contrasted the positive attitudes to the direct creation of new pharmaceutical products and new approaches to drug targets, with negative attitudes to diagnostics, patient profiling, and gene-based therapy. Compared to Europeans, US consumers place greater faith in technological progress and in patient-doctor relationships, while US doctors take a more aggressive approach to therapy.

Despite the concerns, products based on gene technology are becoming available in large numbers - Professor van Montagu pointed to over 100 pharmaceutical, industrial enzyme and plant products already on the market with more than 600 in late stages of development. If such products could create a better standard of life for some of the 1.2 billion people who live on less than a dollar a day, their value would be clear to see.

What should industry and the regulators do about this contentious subject? The session revealed a good deal of common ground among speakers from different backgrounds - European Commissioner David Byrne, EuropaBio's Anthony Arke, and Professor Montagu from the academic world. The main needs are:

• Communication - better, more comprehensive and timely information from industry and public agencies to support an informed debate, clear communication about risks, and an effort to avoid terminology that is inappropriate or demeaning to consumers

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 31 • Meaningful labelling to enable consumers to make informed choices • Appropriate monitoring and traceability • Greater efforts by industry to be transparent, address consumer concerns, and develop agri-food products that offer clear benefits to consumers - not just to producers •Wide public dialogue, within Europe and on a broader international scale, with mediation by people independent of industry and campaigning NGOs • A consistent regulatory framework across Europe

Underpinning these are the need for better scientific education and understanding, improved awareness of the importance of science in decision-making, and fuller appreciation of concepts of safety and risk. The public need to be engaged: important as the science is, David Byrne pointed out that “leav- ing the debate to the scientists is not sufficient”.

< Simplifying Regulatory Processes and Taxation

• Mr Andrew Buxton, Chairman, ESF, Barclays Bank • Lord Simon of Highbury, Advisor to the British Government • Mr Denis Payre, President, European Technology Venture • Mrs Margot Wallström, Member of the European Commission (Environment)

It is no secret that the European tax environment and regulatory framework as a whole is not particularly beneficial to innovation. EU Member States have adopted very different appr oaches to company taxation that affect innovation. S peakers in this session all agreed that taxation processes must be simplified. Harmonization and simplification are key to improve the competitiveness of Europe vs. USA. Too many entrepreneurs are moving outside of Europe.

Denis Payre, of European Technology Venture, gave the example of stock options schemes, essential pillars to Lord Simon of Highbury attract new employees and compensate low salaries. Unfortunately, each country has its own stock options scheme(s). For instance, there are 15 stock option schemes in Belgium vs. 1 in the USA. As a result, he strongly stressed the need for urgent synchronisation of stock options schemes in Europe. Payre raised a second issue in Europe through the wealth tax: the reward of risk-taking. He feels that “if you succeed as an entrepreneur, you have to be penalized”. He concluded by saying, “The new economy is not about new technologies. It is about entrepreneurs. So, do not penalize entrepreneurship”.

32 European Business Summit 2000 • Report The European Commission's Margot Wallström insisted on the EC's efforts to legislate less and better, to simplify and improve the rules and regulations. She also pointed out that many rules were coming, not from the European Commission, but from national and regional institutions. The task force BEST “Business Environment Simplifying Task Force” was set up in order to work on simplifying these rules and to install a sense of shared responsibilities between the Member States. Margot Wallström

< Funding innovation and start-up's

• Mr Georges Ugeux, Executive Vice President, NYSE • Mr Alfons Buts, President and CEO, XeiKon • Mr Jos Peeters, Managing Director, Capricorn Venture Partners • Mr Bruce Grant, Pr esident and CEO Get2Net Inc

Georges Ugeux, Executive Vice President of NYSE and Bruce Grant, President of Get2Net Inc. quickly demysti- fied the venturing problematic by stating that currently, money is not the issue. Markets are liquid, the right structures are in place (New markets, EASDAQ, NASDAQ) and more traditional markets are losing their arrogance and bureaucratic approach.

Despite these good news, Mr Ugeux explained why the Georges Ugeux, Bruce Grant, US are still a few steps ahead of Europeans around Alfons Buts and Jos Peeters venturing and associated entrepreneurial activities.

The first reason lies with infrastructure: Europe is just waking up to equity culture (equity financing is key to risk financing), European currency has only been around since Jan 99 and the European banking system has been slow in organizing itself to promote equity financing while most ventures rely on debts. Besides these administrative adjustments, mentalities and approaches to risk play a key role in US success. Failing in Europe is unforgivable, while in the US not reacting positively to failures is unforgivable. Entrepreneurship is also entrenched in US minds since childhood while it is often not the case in Europe.

Building upon his US experience, Mr Ugeux set up the rules for a successful European Entrepreneur Model:

(1) Education: future professionals should be helped to measure risk and cope with it (2) Build on diversity: Europeans who understand cultural differences better than Americans or Asians possess a tremendous asset (3) Incubators: large and medium companies should take the responsibility of setting up incubators, while being prepared to manage them differently than an internal project. Georges Ugeux

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 33 Jos Peeters, Managing Director of Capricorn ventures, stressed the recent developments in Europe. Though the old continent remains behind the US in terms of VC funds volumes, its pace of growth is tremendous. VC funds and IPO's for companies covering new area's such as Biotech, E-Business and other high-tech business have been rising sharply over the last 5 years, the pivotal year being in 95 with the first European financial market structures for fast growing start-ups.

Alfons Buts, CEO of Xeikon, built up on his entrepreneurial experience to quickly summarize the criteria for success in finding venture capital. These are (1) the ability to demonstrate a market potential on a global basis, (2) the development of a strong technology/innovation directly r esulting in a demonstrable value for users, (3) a comprehensive business plan with clear go-to-market strategy and associated milestones and (4) the set up of a team with strong implementation skills. He also stressed that independence of those 4 criteria is critical.

Finally he advised policy makers to help future entrepreneurs on two fronts:

(1) Education: allowing high tech managers to also understand financing / IPO processes (2) Legislation: understanding that current social and tax legal frameworks do not match start-up's needs.

During the panel sessions, delegates stressed again that the issue was not to raise funds but rather to raise projects, re-emphasizing the big gap between scientific and business world as well as the European risk averse mentality.

34 European Business Summit 2000 • Report European Business Summit Summary of the third serie of workshops

< From the "Vision" to the Winning International Strategy

• Baron Daniel Janssen, Chairman of the Board, Solvay • Mr Cor Boonstra, President, Philips • Mr Pierre-Alain De Smedt, Deputy General Manager, Renault • Mr Pascal Lamy, M ember of the European Commission (Trade Policy)

Innovation is planned. It does not happen by chance. Therefore, an innovation vision and strategy are essential.

Philips' Cor Boonstra and Renault's Pierre-Alain De Smedt showed from the experience of their own companies that innovation was indeed the key driver to their winning international strategy.

Philips went through a period of transformation to face globalization, to become a global organization as opposed to a national organization. A governance model was installed, the number of divisions and businesses considerably reduced and partnerships signed to allow more flexibility. Boonstra emphasized the key elements driving this transformation:

•Focus on technology and innovation •Re-discuss the whole value chain • Think “out of the box”

As a result, new business models have to be created and new products developed (e.g. DVD, WAP) on a global basis, and not on a regional basis. Boonstra summed up by stressing four actions essential to move from a country organization to a global, world-oriented organization:

• Continually renew in order to grow faster •Focus on innovation, through e.g. innovation and R&D centers •Take the lead into the future but be aware that “long term planning is almost mission impossible” •Abandon the local-to-local strategy and adopt a global perspective (this may sound obvious but entities do not want to give up their local roles)

In Renault's case, the situation was a concentrated automotive industry (resulting in less than 10 companies) due to higher costs and sharper specialization. As a result, an automotive company needed, in order to survive, to grow to critical mass, become a significant player internationally, be highly competitive and have high quality innovative products. Renault's strategy was then summed up in 5 main pillars:

• External growth through alliances and take-overs (Nissan, Samsung Motors, Volvo Trucks) • Internal growth through new markets • Strengthening of innovation • Cost reduction • Operational margin of 5%

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 35 The European Commission's Pascal Lamy added to these practical examples that the international level was a complement to good internal policies, not a substitute. He also stressed that competition was one of the most important incentives for innovation. Therefore, markets opening, common rules, absence of technical barriers and protection of intellectual property were key to ensure an optimal level of competition.

The session moderator, Baron Daniel Janssen summed up by reminding 2 main causes why the European Union was lagging behind the USA in terms of e.g. GDP/capita, Pascal Lamy GDP growth and unemployment:

(1) Europe's burden of taxation is too high, particularly on entrepreneurs, innovators, managers, employees and their companies (2) European society is less supportive of entrepreneurship, venture capital, risk-taking and the adoption of new technologies - key requirements for successful innovation.

Baron Daniel Janssen

36 European Business Summit 2000 • Report < Innovation and deregulation: Reinventing traditional markets

• Viscount Etienne Davignon, President, S ociété Générale de Belgique • Mr John Goossens, Pr esident and CEO, Belgacom • Mr Egil Myklebust, Pr esident and CEO, Norsk Hydro • Mr Rodolfo Martin Villa, President, Endesa

All participants in this session stressed the tremendous changes their industry is facing. As one of them said, through deregulation, they faced a totally new business situation where the only certitude was that they were going to lose market share on their historical grounds.

John Goosssens, President and CEO of Belgacom, explained how the whole Belgacom business had to be reinvented. While its area of activities was previously confined to a local “voice-transport” market, Belgacom now faces a span of opportunities that was unthinkable a few years ago. I t does not restrict to voice but also Viscount Etienne Davignon covers data, text and image and enters the activities of creation, processing and storing on top of the original transporting. However these opportunities were accompanied by increased competitiv e risks. For him, the conditions for success were threefold: (1) get the technological expertise fast, (2) move to a more entrepreneurial culture wher e risks, creativity, flexibility and speed are correctly rewarded and (3) develop the right partnership to grow internationally and diversify the company's activities.

Egil Myklebust, President and CEO of Norsk Hydro enumerated the key effects of deregulation in the Scandivian energy markets. These ar e: (1) heavy pressure on margins and tariffs, (2) limited investments in new capacity given supply uncertainty resulting in (3) a better utilization of spare capacity and (4) important restructuring in the industry via mergers and the arrival of new entrants such as traders and brokers. Innovation is key to cope with these types of changes. In that context, Rodolfo Martin Villa, President of Endesa explained how his company prepared well in advance for changes in Spain through a proactive, flexible strategy Egil Myklebust and John Goossens aiming at developping itself internationally, getting the right partnerships and entering new sectors of activities such as telecommunications and new technologies.

All participants also claimed that full deregulation is not optimal. Different rules for public and private companies (tax, environment) might cause some distortions, total deregulation may mean that financial objectives are reached at the expense of security resulting in potential accidents and finally a too high number of players in a given sector of activity might be contra-productive. Some kind of re-regulation is necessary to avoid these types of distortions and casualties.

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 37 < Enhancing the flexibility of labor markets

• Mrs Viviane Reding, Member of the European Commission (Education & Culture) • Mr Emilio Gabaglio, Secretary General, ETUC • Mr Massimo Colomban, Founder and Group Chairman, Parmasteelisa • Mr Hans Zwarts, CEO, Randstad

For Viviane Reding, a silent revolution is taking place right now. This revolution brings not only more focus on financial aspects, but also on innovation and knowledge. In this context, education becomes central to fight unemployment. If the objective in 10 years from now is that Europe becomes the most advanced knowledge based society, we need to make sure everybody can contribute and feel belonging to a whole. To achieve this objective, schools, universities, and training centers are key to build a living Europe.

If we want to leverage the asset of our diversity, we Viviane Reding need to make mobility more efficient. This means, making sure people learn more languages, ensuring recognition at home of a stay abroad, and developing virtual mobility.

To support this evolution the public authority will take the following actions:

• Reinforce mobility programs •Eliminate obstacles to mobility • Establish recognition of diploma's on European levels • Strengthen teaching of foreign languages

Additionally, the EC will promote an e-learning initiative, on the basis that everyone should have access to information required in a knowledge based society. The focus will be on schools, where the US are more advanced than Europe. To develop e-learning in schools, it is essential to focus on the infrastructure (material to be delivered), and to train the teachers. The industry has an important role to play to develop needed skills, not only on the infrastructure side but also on the content side which is lacking today. The life-long learning concept requires a change in our ways of educating. Both schools and industries should contribute to this evolution.

Emilio Gabaglio insisted on the importance of having flexible labor market, which clearly requires reform of the current systems. These r eforms should encourage to be more innovative, but also to produce more. He strongly believes that we cannot succeed in a knowledge based society if we focus on the top management and we don't include the workers.

Emilio Gabaglio

38 European Business Summit 2000 • Report

For Massimo Colomban, there is a clear gap between the academic world and the entrepreneurial world. There is a need for a dialogue between both worlds, because enhancing competitiveness is a combination of teaching updated technologies and developing tangible thoughts.

Life-long learning is the way to full employment, but it goes together with enhancing the flexibility of labor markets. Innovation and learning are key elements for economic growth.

Hans Zwarts, from Randstad, presented the staffing industry as a good solution to fight unemployment, as it ensures a new type of job security to its employees: the diversity in types of job. This diversity contributes to the life-long learning concept.

< Refocusing Public R&D Programmes

• Professor Marcel Crochet, Rector, Univ ersity of Louvain • Mr Peter Krämer, CEOP, Spinnrad Ecoenergy AG • Mr Cees van Lede, Chairman, Board of Management, Akzo Nodel • Mr Philippe Busquin, M ember of the European Commission (Research)

Public sector R&D has a key role in supporting innovation, but universities and research institutes could interact more closely with business. This workshop explored ho w the relationships could be enhanced.

The background, as the UNICE Benchmarking Report 2000 shows, is a sobering one. Expenditure on R&D by business, as a proportion of GDP, falls far short of either Peter Krämer, Cees van Lede, the USA or Japan, and public support for business R&D Philippe Busquin and Marcel Crochet is poorer than in the USA.

In addition, European business faces structural obstacles in areas such as mobility, exploitation of government-funded developments, equity investment by the public sector and staff involvement in spin-offs. Europe is less active than the USA in aerospace and defence research which are fertile sources of technology spinoffs: as Peter Krämer of Spinnrad stressed, European defence R&D spending is barely a quarter of the US level. Europe must do more to identify and pursue - at European and national levels - longer term strategic R&D programmes, of the type that has yielded benefits in the USA and Japan in fields as varied as materials, space research and biotechnology.

What steps can be taken to improve the situation? Session moderator Professor Marcel Crochet, Cees van Lede of Akzo Nobel and Peter Krämer all offered suggestions. All agreed that partnership between the research base and business should be strengthened, but there was little support for the creation of new institutions. Instead, the emphasis should be on better European co-ordination of research and synergy between institutes. Professor Crochet's vision was for virtual centres of excellence, based on networking between industrial laboratories, universities and public research centres. European programmes such as Brite-Euram and Esprit had created valuable precedents for such an approach. Construction of a European knowledge database would provide valuable support for this co-operation.

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 39 Akzo Nobel's Cees van Lede stressed the requirement for industry involvement in selecting and shaping public programmes in areas such as information technology and sustainability, and for greater co-operation “at the bor- derline” - where a research idea gets to the stage of having development capability. Spinnrad's Peter Krämer highlighted the diffusion of R&D findings as in need of more government support.

At the same time, basic research - not oriented to specific industry needs - remained a vital part of the mission of universities and research institutes. Ample time Cees van Lede and resources should be reserved for it: beneficial innovations could seldom be foreseen at the basic research stage, though investigators could usefully be more alert to possible applications. Professor Crochet expressed his view cogently: there was “no economic future for countries which do not invest today in basic research”.

European Commissioner Philippe Busquin set out how the proposed European Research Ar ea would respond to these issues and needs. Endorsed at the March 2000 European Council in Lisbon, the project aims to provide industry with a strong science and technology base, abundant and skilled human resources, and a favourable environment for innovation. It will supplement and improve co-ordination of national research programmes on priority topics, working through public / private partnerships. Work in public and private centres of excellence will be opened to wider participation across national boundaries, and networking improved. Philippe Busquin Incentives will be provided to encourage mobility of researchers across national boundaries and between universities and industry, and administrative obstacles to mobility will be removed. The legal and financial environment will be improved, European excellence will be mapped to enhance its visibility (particularly for SMEs) and national research policies will be benchmarked to help spread best practices. Science-and-society issues will be addressed at European level, and the role of regions in European research strengthened.

Common to these Commission initiatives will be an emphasis on the criterion of "European added value" - the ability to secure specific benefits through undertaking them at European level - while a variety of approaches for managing and financing them will be appropriate. Commissioner Busquin characterised this as a 'variable geometry' approach to implementation: it might include management through public-private partnerships or management by the scientific community on a peer-review basis.

Permanent dialogue with industry, as well as with other research actors in Europe, will be critical to the success of the European Research Area, and UNICE will be a key partner as the initiative moves forward into implementation.

40 European Business Summit 2000 • Report European Business Summit Summary of the closing session

• Mr Georges Jacobs, President, Unice • Mr Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister, Belgium • Mr Morris Tabakblat, Chairman, European Roundtable of Industrialists • Mr Lorenzo Lamadrid, President and Chief Executive Officer, Arthur D. Little • Mr Romano Prodi, Pr esident of the European Commission

The creation of an active welfare state and sustainable growth appeals to both entrepreneurs and governments

Guy Verhofstadt reminded us of Toffler's three waves, stating that revolutionary change only occurred three times in recorded history: the agrarian revolution, the industrial revolution, and the third wave: the technological revolution.

The third wave has untold consequences for all human activities, be it in politics, economics, or other. Describing this change with words as “globalisation” or “mondialisation” only touches the scale of change, not the depth nor the features of the most powerful social, economic, political and cultural upheaval since the birth Baron Georges Jacobs of human species.

To Guy Verhofstadt, present change is so powerful because it is empowered by knowledge itself: not innovation products, but innovation itself has taken the lead, bringing us to a knowledge-based global world with a knowledge-based global economy, based on innovation and creativity.

And it is that precise knowledge-based economy that allows the Belgium government to aim at an active welfare state and sustainable growth, and will allow Europe to come closer to full-employment than ever before in European history and fighting poverty more Guy Verhofstadt effectively than any other region in the world. In this sense, the third wave should give economic globalisation a social and political dimension. And it is the task of both governements and entrepreneurs to make this happen.

How to achieve what was set out in Lisbon?

“Europe doesn't need yet another declaration of intent. Europe needs action- able points, to demonstrate that the will to move forward is really there” , says Morris Tabaksblat, who sees four strands in the link between the Lisbon commitment, the dynamic knowledge-based economy and a successful Business Summit: regulation, risk, reward, and appreciation of technology. These strands all come together in a truly enabling factor: releasing entrepreneurship to fully use the potential of European competitiveness.

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 41 New technologies and nascent markets cannot be regulated upfront: they need a framework, flexible and adaptive enough to exploit new ways of doing business. Europe therefore needs a streamlinging of its decision- making process, for a start, instead of freezing existing regulations.

Lack of certainty is, for the ambitious, a stimulus to do better. For recent Eur opean generations, it equates with insecurity. The reform of the European social model therefore has a major role in stifling entrepreneurship, by changing European attitudes towards risk. Morris Tabaksblat Entrepreneurship seeks success. Europe can generate a more entrepreneurial culture b y facilitating and prizing and rewarding success. This has been the case throughout European history: there is nothing shameful or uneuropean about becoming rich.

A lot of innovations rely on the readiness to accept specific new technologies. Europeans are still in a self-induced state of uncertainty about the benefits of technological change. This has lead to a situation where Europe doesn't participate with the US in defining where we are going, doesn't lead new global markets.

However, Europe's social system provides a stable framework required for managing the structural changes involved in moving towards a knowledge based economy, and Europe has a well-educated labour force: we have what's needed to put our house in order.

He concluded stating that “no one should leave this meeting with the idea that a new directive, a new consultation document, is going to be enough”: Europe needs to benchmark itself against the current best (the US). Europe doesn't need new regultations, it needs more economic freedom. Europe needs a greater class of entrepreneurs playing a new game by new - and as yet largely unwritten - rules. It is the thrill and excitement of doing business in a fast changing world which today's Europeans have to enjoy.

Capturing the innovation premium

“DestroyYourBusiness.com is Jack Welch's path to continuous innovation”, Lorenzo Lamadrid started, in his summary conclusions of the Business Summit.

This Business Summit has proven that enterprise innovation in the new economy is both about creating new value and about capturing value in new ways. It is about sourcing new ideas, insights and technologies across your enterprise. It is about building and leveraging new growth and innovation platforms grouping both new value and new ways to capture value. It is about distributing a continuous stream of win-wins Lorenzo Lamadrid across an extended value chain. That is what leads companies to breakthrough outcomes, extraordinary premiums and sustainable top-line and bottom-line growth.

42 European Business Summit 2000 • Report To achieve this innovation premium, companies will have to move beyond continuous improvement, TQM, and reengineering to sustainable and enterprise-wide innovation.

The European Business Summit workshops have addressed differ ent facets of innovation, and have come up with a variety of conclusions:

• When developing an innovation strategy, keep in mind that: - Successful innovation encompasses more than vision - The internet revolution is a tremendous vehicle for innovation - Deregulation is a crucial incentive for European innovation • Concerning innovation resources, Eur ope needs to catch up in providing the skills and conditions for entrepreneurship and risk-taking • When shaping an innovation organisation, strategic alliances become, more and more, a new flexible way to achieve continuous growth through innovation •In the innovation process, it is crucial that the intellectual property protection be faster and less cumbersome

DestroyYourBusiness.com: blow up boundaries, and build the value

Innovation, creativity and concept of corporate responsibility

To Romano Prodi, innovation and creativity are the well deserved topics for a European Business Summit, as it would be hard to find two qualities more essential to any firm's success in the global marketplace.

For the European Commission, a higher focus on innovation and creativity meant re-examining both its action and its priorities. But at the same time, it had to cope with the changing awareness and expectations of Europe's citizens. These expectations embrace ethical values, democracy and justice, as well as environmental concerns and sustainable development. The Lisbon Romano Prodi Summit answered these expectations by calling upon a corporate sense of social responsibility regarding best practices on lifelong learning, work organisation, equal opportunities, social inclusion and sustainable development.

Conflicts in the relationship between employers, wor kers and the State are of all times. Historically, democracies have sought to resolve this conflict through regulatory legislation and collective bargaining, giving the companies the stability needed to grow and remain profitable. Recently, an evolution is occurring towards models of worker participation, virtuous systems of industrial relations, and many other. These initiatives point at a transition from State-imposed regulation to responsible self-regulation and co-regulation.

This shift to self regulation and co-regulation can however only be achieved by far-sighted and responsible enterprises, responding to the demands of Europe's citizens - as workers, as consumers, as investors, as inhabitants of their region and country, of Europe and the World.

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 43 This kind of corporate responsibility will benefit business in two ways. First, negotiation will take the place of conflict. Secondly, it will facilitate the flow of information, avoiding costly errors and putting research and innovation on the right track. The concept of corporate responsibility is not just a new and fashionable piece of jargon.

Today's responsible companies will be tomorrow’s profitable companies.

44 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Social events Social Events Programme Friday 9 June 2000

The Grand Carrousel An equestrian and musical tournament.

This event - an authentic Baroque creation - gathered horses and master riders, musicians, singers, dancers and acrobats for a grand open-air spectacle according to the tradition of 17th and 18th-century carrousels.

An amphitheatre with a capacity of 5,400 seats was erected in the courtyard of the former Prince Albert army barracks, a 2-hectare esplanade in the very heart of Brussels (in the upper part of the Sablon area) which had been turned into an Antiquity-style open-air theatre.

As required by traditions of times past, the Grand Carrousel offers a prologue in song and dance, haute école riding demonstrations and equestrian tournaments, as well as a grandiose episode where chariots, horses, singers and dancers unite and form a veritable equestrian opera inspired by Z eus' mythological abductions and their symbolic consequences.

Dinner at the Egmont Palace hosted by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the State Secretary of Foreign Trade, before “The Grand Carrousel”

European Business Summit delegates attended “The Grand Carrousel” just behind the Royal Family of Belgium

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 45 Brussels 2000

Brussels was selected as European City of Culture 2000 by the EU Council of Ministers four years ago. Since then, intensive planning has led to more than 1,600 projects being put forward, including 24 major infrastructure initiatives involving renovation and construction of historical and cultural sites. The theme of the year was the modern city, drawing on its cultural heritage, highlighting the wealth of artistic imagination within the city of Brussels, and giving a fresh impetus to cultural creativity and new artistic perspectives at the dawn of the third millennium.

Saturday 11 June 2000

The European Football Championship

Europe's premier soccer tournament was jointly hosted in 2000 by Belgium and the Netherlands - the first time two countries have joined together to organise this four- yearly event. In June and July, the 16 best teams in Europe competed to win the Henry Delaunay trophy.

Euro 2000 is the largest sporting event in the world, after the Olympic Games and the World Cup. Eight cities hosted the 31 matches, with 1.2 million fans attending and a further 7 billion watching on TV.

The opening match of 'Football without Frontiers', Belgium-Sweden, kicked off in Brussels' King Baudouin Stadium.

Places at these exclusive and sought-after events were specially reserved for Summit participants.

Euro 2000

46 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Saturday 11 June 2000

Royal Theatre of La Monnaie/De Munt “Opera. The Art of Emotion”

European Business Summit participants had the opportunity to take part in an exclusive exhibition evening, featuring music, a special presentation.

The exhibition, entitled “Opera. The Art of Emotion” explored the world of opera and illuminated the past with the expert help of musicologists and historians. The themes of the great operatic masters accompany the works of modern visual artists such as Luciano Fabro, Fischli & Weiss and Thomas Ruff.

Night after night stories that appeal to everyone are brought to life at the opera, and it does this with song, an orchestra, sets, costumes, lighting and many other elements. Again and again the opera succeeds in conjuring up emotions familiar to everyone: love, death, jealousy, hope, freedom.

La Monnaie not only welcomes some of the finest performers from the world of opera, but also draws on the talents of artists from other media such as cinema, the plastic arts, and cartoon strips.

Sunday 11 June 2000

BBL-ING Golf Tournament

BBL-ING organised a Golf Tournament for European Business Summit participants and partners in the Sept Fontaines Club.

Set in the Brussels countryside, the Sept Fontaines Golf Club is renowned for its superb greens and facilities.

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 47 Jacques Simonet welcoming the delegates to the lunch hosted by Brussels-Capital Region Government

Thematic breakfast “E-commerce, enabler of global commerce” with the participation of John Warrick, President UPS Europe, Baudouin Velge, director economic department FEB-VBO and Rik De Nolf, Managing Director, Roularta Media Group

H.R.H. Prince Philippe consulting his mail box on the internal e-network

From left to right: Erkki Liikanen, H.R.H. Prince Philippe, Steve Ballmer and Baron Georges Jacobs. 48 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Gui de Vaucleroy (FEB-VBO), Lorenzo Lamadrid (ADL), Didier Malherbe (EBS) and H.R.H. Prince Philippe

Baron Karel Boone (Corona-Lotus) and Jacques Schraven (KNO-NCW)

Jacques Creyssel (MEDEF) and Pascal Lamy (EC)

Romano Prodi (EC), Lorenzo Lamadrid (ADL), Wim Philippa (ERT ) and Morris Tabaksblat (ERT)

Baron Georges Jacobs (Unice) and Romano Prodi (EC)

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 49 Facts and figures

The most important dialogue between leading businesspeople and policy makers Participants: 1,000 Accompanying persons: 150 Journalists: 180 Nationalities represented: 45

Evaluation

By the end of the Summit the participants have received an Evaluation Form. Please find hereafter the results: Ratings of: Outstanding/ Very good Good Poor

General organisation of the Summit 78% 19% 3% Social events programme 90% 6% 4% Networking contacts level 59% 32% 9%

Some comments on the general organisation: •It was really great ! The internal organisation was top class ! •Very good conference, congratulations ! •It was an excellent event in every respect ...

Some comments on the workshops and sessions: • Excellent speakers with crisp and clear messages in the workshops. • High level of speakers, interesting topics. • Very well organised. • Good presence of high-level EU-civil servants. Very interesting workshops.

What was the principle reason for your attendance at this summit and were your expectations met ? Some answers: • Networking contacts. •Interesting workshops topics and highly qualified and high-ranking speakers. •To improve my appreciation of the trends in business attitude to innovation; to inspire and initiate new project ideas for supporting companies; networking opportunities. • Improved perception of the vision and expectations of the industry by EU. • Listen to some outstanding personalities speaking about innovation; face-to-face contact with some of them; expectations met. •Very successful; for the next time, try to have national ministers. •To better understand why Europe is lagging behind innovation: expectations met.

Would you return to the next edition of the European Business Summit ? Yes Maybe No

69% 27% 4%

50 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Press Review

About 10 press contacts and conferences have been organised before and during the European Business Summit. Mor e than 120 media have published articles related to the Summit. Hereafter several extracts of the international press review:

• European Voice (EU) - 14.06.00 Tackling the EU's "innovation deficit"

"The lack of incentives for companies to enter new markets and launch products is not just limited to one country, but stretches right across the EU. And Georges Jacobs, President of European employers' lobby group UNICE, warns that the Union risks falling further behind the US and Japan in terms of competitiveness, living standards, economic welfare and jobs if governments and companies do not take rapid action to boost innovation. ‘European regulators need a dramatic Press conference after the closing change in attitudes,’ he insists. session with G. Verhofstadt, G. Jacobs, What better way to catch their attention, argues UNICE, R. Prodi and G. de Vaucleroy than to bring together more than 800 people representing some 45 countries from small and large businesses, non-governmental organisations and the Union's key policy-making bodies ? That is the aim of the first-ever European Business Summit organised by UNICE and the Belgian employers' federation which begins in Brussels tomorrow. While the world's business leaders have for years gathered at the World Economic Forum in Davos or joined forces through the Trans-Atlantic Business Dialogue, never befor e was there been such a forum with a strictly European focus."

• Le Monde (France) - 14.06.00 Le patronat européen tente de rallier la Commission à sa cause

"Le ‘sommet européen des affaires’ de l'Union des confédérations de l'industrie et des employeurs d'Europe (UNICE), réuni vendredi 9 et samedi 10 juin à Bruxelles, a appelé la Commission à supprimer un certain nombre d'obstacles au développement de l'innovation, devenu l'une des priorités des chefs d'Etat depuis le Conseil de Lisbonne. Le président de la Commission, Romano Prodi, a conclu qu' ‘il faut aujourd'hui passer d'une Press conference of P. Lamy réglementation imposée par l'Etat à une autorégulation responsable des entreprises et à la corégulation’."

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 51 • Agence Europe - 13 & 14.06.00 UE/Entreprises : Résultats positifs de l'European Business Summit - Pour le président Prodi, l'Europe doit anticiper le changement - Viviane Reding appelle les forces vives à avancer dans la même direction en trouvant un consensus pour l'efficacité

"Le European Business S ummit (EBS), qui s'est tenu le week-end dernier à Bruxelles à l'initiative de la Fédération des Entreprises de Belgique (FEB) et du Patronat européen (UNICE) sur le thème de l'innovation et de la créativité, s'est déroulé dans un climat extrêmement positif. Ce ‘mini-Davos’ a rencontré un énorme succès (mises à part ‘les voix dissonantes’ de l'anti-mondialisation qui manifestaient dans la rue) ‘tant par la qualité des discussions que par la quantité avec plus de 1.000 participants’, dont plusieurs Commissaires européens, d'autres hommes politiques (comme le Premier ministre belge Guy Verhofstadt) et un grand nombre d'hommes d'affaires, a commenté le patron des patrons le Baron Georges Jacobs. ‘La qualité des débats, a ajouté le Secrétaire général de l'UNICE Dirk Hudig, ‘permettra au suivi de Lisbonne de se développer pour trouver des solutions au retard de l'Europe face aux Etats-Unis en matière de technologies et d'innovation". S'exprimant dans le même sens, la Commissaire européenne en charge de l'Education Mme Viviane Reding a indiqué : "si nous voulons construire une société de la connaissance comme requis par Lisbonne, nous pourrons uniquement le faire en partenariat avec les forces sociales. Il revient aux politiques de donner de la. Ensuite, tout le monde doit s'engager, et le monde industriel a une responsabilité particulière ». »

• Financieel-Economische Tijd (Belgium) - 13.06.00 European Business Summit v an leer tegen overreglementering Bedrijfswereld hekelt Europese traagheid

"De Europese industrie kan enkel concurrentieel worden, als iets wordt gedaan aan de overreglementering en het veel te trage besluitvormingspro- ces. Dat is de slotboodschap van de Europese topontmoeting rond innovatie, de European Business Summit. ‘T ijd is een luxe die wij, Europese bedrijven, ons niet kunnen veroorloven’, verwoordde Reed Elsevier-topman Morris Tabaksblat de frustratie van de EU-industrie."

• Le Soir (Belgium) - 13.06.00 Le "Davosseke" des patrons entouré de chevaux de frise

"Un millier d'industriels européens louaient l'innovation, face à un millier de manifestants exigeant plus de démocratie. Innover pour créer de la valeur, pour rattraper les Etats-Unis et pour assurer sa propre pérennité et l'emploi. Du 9 au 11 juin, les invités des Fédérations patronales européenne (UNICE) et belge (FEB) ont réaffirmé l'importance de l'innovation dans un environnement en perpétuel changement. Aucune voix dissonante à l'hôtel Sheraton, à Bruxelles, ceinturé, samedi, par une bonne centaine de policiers. En parfait maître de cérémonie, Georges Jacobs, président de l'UNICE (et patron d'UCB), ne boudait pas son plaisir. Eu égard au nombre de participants (un bon millier, mais un seul syndicaliste invité), son premier sommet européen des affaires, petit frère du sommet de Davos qui réunit chaque année en Suisse les plus grands patrons du monde, était une réussite. Le prochain rendez-vous est fixé en juin 2002."

52 European Business Summit 2000 • Report • Financial Times (Great-Britain) - 13.06.00 EU business leaders warn over delay in decisions

"Business leaders in the European Union delivered a stern warning to governments and the Commission that the EU's goal of making Europe the world's most competitive business location by 2010 was threatened by slow decision-making and over-regulation. Summing up a two-day ‘European Business Summit’. Morris Tabaksblat, chairman both of the European Round Table of Industrialists (ERT) and of Reed Elsevier, the information company, said the EU needed ‘a long overdue streamlining of decision-making processes’. The business summit, which was supported by the Financial Times, brought together up to 800 delegates from business and EU institutions. The aim was to establish a ‘dialogue on innovation and creativity’ to help the drive for increased competitiveness agreed b y EU leaders at Lisbon in March."

• Libération (France) - 12.06.00 Bruxelles Week-end tout-libéral

On connaissait depuis longtemps le World Economic Forum, qui réunit chaque année en janvier à Davos, dans les Alpes suisses, le gratin des maîtres du monde du moment. Il faudra désormais surveiller de près son petit frère, l'European Business S ummit (EBS, Sommet européen des affaires) dont la première édition s'est tenue ce week-end à Bruxelles. Il est organisé sous l'égide du patronat belge (la FEB) et du ‘Medef européen’ qui répond au nom très fédératif d'UNICE (Union des confédérations d'industrie et du patronat européen). Pour son coup d'essai, l'EBS a fait très fort. Comme à Davos, les ateliers ont été entrecoupés d'animations très bruxelleoises : dîner avec la famille royale de Belgique dans un palais lui aussi royal, loge au stade du Roi-Baudouin pour l'ouverture de l'Euro 2000, et pour finir, partie de golf. Un programme très business to business. Même le service d'ordre était à la hauteur d'un mini-Seattle : chevaux de frise, canons à eau et gendarmes en armes cernaient l'hôtel Sheraton, attendant de pied ferme quelque centaines de manifestants très pacifiques."

• EuroBusiness (Great Britain) - 10.06.00 Raising the European standard

"The European Business S ummit being held this month is the first dedicated meeting of minds for Europe's business leaders to voice opinions and concerns to the politicians who shape European Union policy. I t is also a chance for politicians to reinforce their message that the EU needs to move faster ad more decisively in the areas of innovation, e-commerce, and the new economy. An EU summit held in Lisbon in March addressed these issues and introduced a raft of measures designed to encourage national politicians to work harder towards these goals. So the European Business Summit (EBS), with its theme of ‘innovation and creativity’, is a timely attempt to get business and policy makers working together in these areas. Didier Malherbe, conference supremo, believ es that it comes at a perfect time, as he says : ‘The Lisbon summit has been about innovation, about e-commerce, new business, the new economy and the impact on employment.

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 53 The European Business S ummit is the perfect follow-up to Lisbon because there is still a high level of interest in the subject.’ The summit has been organised by the Federation of Belgian Companies (FEB-VBO) with the support of UNICE - a confederation of the EU's national employers' federations, such as the CBI in the UK and Medef in France. Malherbe believes that this gives the conference extremely strong business credibility. ‘This is the first time that we have the support of all the member bodies of UNICE to work on this sort of project’ he says. ‘All the presidents of the federations within UNICE are behind the project and will be present at the conference. This projects a very important message of support from the business world’. Also supporting the Brussels conference is the European Commission."

• La Libre Entreprise (B elgium) - 10.06.00 Pour un dialogue vrai et équitable

"Un millier de chefs d'entreprise ont investi la capitale à l'appel de l'UNICE et de la FEB, les organisations patronales européenne et belge, sur le thème de l'innovation et du développement. Plate-forme d'échange et de dialogue, le ‘European Business Summit’ se v eut un lieu de rencontre entre le monde politique et celui de l'entreprise."

• L'Echo (Belgium) - 10.06.00 Internet invité d'honneur de l'European Business Summit

“Reste à voir si la FEB gagnera son pari de faire de l'EBS un rendez-vous aussi incontournable que l'est Davos, entre les autorités politiques européennes et le monde des affaires. A ce titre, l'ancrage du sommet dans la capitale de l'Europe semble son plus sûr atout. Pour preuve, cette réponse de Liikanen à la question d'un journal- iste demandant si les onze commissaires présents à l'EBS se rendraient aussi nombreux à un sommet de cette ampleur sur les enjeux sociaux. ‘Oui, si ce sommet social se tient à Bruxelles. Sinon, ils pourraient être un peu moins’."

54 European Business Summit 2000 • Report Acknowledgements

The European Business S ummit would like to thank the following institutions and partners for their support : • The Royal Palace of Belgium • The European Commission • The European Parliament • The Belgian Government • The Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade • The Government of the Brussels-Capital Region • The City of Brussels • The Federation of Belgian Companies (FEB-VBO) • UNICE (The voice of Business in Europe) • The European Round Table of Industrialists • The EU Committee of the American Chamber of Commerce • Growth Plus

European Business Summit Partners, The European Business Summit is Sponsors and Technical Suppliers : supported by the UNICE members : • BBL, member of ING Group • Microsoft • Vereinigung der Österreichischen Industrie (VÖI) • Procter & Gamble Western Europe •Federation of Belgian Companies (FEB-VBO) • TotalFina • Union Patronale Suisse • Belgacom • Union Suisse du Commerce et de l’Industrie (VORORT) • Interbrew • Employers & Industrialists Federation Cyprus (OEB) • Trends International • Svaz prumsylu a dopravy Ceské republiky (SPCR) • Xeikon • Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie (BDI) • Arthur D. Little • Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeberverbände (BDA) • Barco • Confederation of Danish Industries (DI) • Lernout & Hauspie • Confederation of Danish Employers (DA) • Nortel Networks • Confédération des Employeurs Espagnols (CEOE) • Randstad • Mouvement des Entreprises de France (MEDEF) • Confederation of Finnish Industry and Employers (TT) • Renault • Employers’ Confederation of Service Industries in Finland (PT) • Sabena • Confederation of British Industry (CBI) • UPS • Fédération des Industries Grecques (FIG) • EurActiv.com • Confederation of Hungarian Employers’ Organizations • Aon for International Corporation (CEHIC) • Avis • Confederazione Generale dell’Industria Italiana (CONFINDUSTRIA) • MCS • Irish Business and Employers Confederation (IBEC) • Océ • Confederation of Icelandic Employers (SA) • Office for Foreign Investors •Federation of Icelandic Industries (FII) • Brussels International Airport Company • Fédération des Industriels Luxembourgeois (FEDIL) • EuroBusiness • Malta Federation of Industry (MFOI) • Financial Times • Confederation of Norwegian Business and Industry (NHO) • De Financieel Economische Tijd •Federation of Netherlands Industry and Employers (VNO-NCW) • La Libre Belgique • Confederaçao da Indústria Portuguesa (CIP) • Associaçáo Industrial Portuguesa (AIP) • Associazone Nazionale dell’Industria Sammarinese (ANIS) •Federation of Swedish Industries (SI) •Federation of Employers’ Associations of the Slovak Republic (AZZZ SR) • Turkish Confederation of Employer Associations (TISK) • Turkish Industrialists’ and Businessmen’s Association (TÜSIAD)

European Business Summit 2000 • Report 55 Next edition Brussels 5-7 June 2002

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