Build Douglas TM DC-3 TM 10

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Published in the UK by De Agostini UK Ltd, Battersea Studios 2, 82 Silverthorne Road, Visual Identity System | Officially licensedLondon product identity SW8 mark 3HE

Page Published in the USA by De Agostini Publishing USA, Inc., 915 Broadway, Suite 609, ™ Boeing OLP identity mark | Size The decline of the DC-3 New York, NY 10010 The demise of the twin-engined Ideally, thePackaged OLP mark should appear by inContinuo ratio of 1:2 Creative, 39-41 North Road, 223 of the licensee’s logo or lettermark and no smaller Douglas™ was not immediate. than the minimumLondon sizes shown N7 below 9DP for print and web applications. Having become an icon during the p223-230 images from the Giorgio Apostolo Collection colonial wars of the 1950s, when All rights reserved © 2015 it was mainly used for transporting soldiers and materials or to drop Items may vary from those shown. Not suitable for children under the age of 14.

paratroops, it was subsequently Boeing licensingThis identity product mark — dimensional is not a toy and is not designed or intended for use in play.

employed widely in developing Minimum size 13Produced mm (0.5 in, 3 picas) under license. PAN AM logos are trademarks of OFFICIALLY LICENSED PRODUCT countries. Some DC-3s are Pan American World Airways, Inc. Produced under license. Boeing, Douglas, Boeing Airplane Company, DC-3, OFFICIALLY Minimum size 54 pixels (web) still operating today. LICENSED OFFICIALLY 247, Douglas World Cruiser, and the distinctive Boeing logos, product markings LICENSED PRODUCT PRODUCT and trade dress are trademarks of The Boeing Company.

ASSEMBLY GUIDE Completing the left wing Paints and 231 Constructing and cladding the outer modelling tools portion of the left wing. A comprehensive selection of modelling tools and paints (in all the colours you will need to complete your Douglas DC-3) is available from the Model Space website. www.model-space.com

Boeing™ Corporate Identity Program Revision: July 26, 2004 www.model-space.com The decline of the DC-3 The decline of the DC-3

he advent of the jet and the decline T of the piston engine led to the gradual demise of the DC-3, but it did not disappear from the scene immediately. So many aircraft had been produced during World War II that the DC-3 continued to be a tempting alternative, especially in marginal markets where the versatility of the plane made up for its growing operational costs. As the major phased out the twin-engined Douglas, it went into service again with small cargo and charter companies, and some DC-3s are still in use today. The same was true

A US Air Force AC-47 flying above Vietnam. The minigun mounting support, with a gunner standing behind it, can be seen in the door of the cargo hatch. Controls fitted on the joystick enabled the pilot to fire all the on-board weapons at the same time or just some of them. It was still thought necessary to have a gunner among the crew, who could repair any damage that occurred or free the gun when it jammed.

Build Douglas DC-3 223 of the military versions of the DC-3. Air between 1946 and 1954, the plane was of the 17th Airborne Engineers Regiment forces operated the C-47 for longer than used extensively for transporting troops and most of Airborne Group 1). The same civilian airlines flew the DC-3, although, and equipment, for dropping paratroops, aircraft were then used first to transport from the mid 1950s, they were relegated and in some cases for bombing missions, the equipment needed to build the base, to marginal duties and regions. after being suitably adapted. On the and after that, until 7 May 1954, to deliver morning of 20 November 1953, 65 C-47s supplies to the 20,000 or so men who were The last operational and 12 C-119s, in two successive waves, trapped there. deployments carried the first French forces deployed in After the withdrawal of the French Operation Castor over Dien Bien Phu (6th forces, the C-47 continued to be used in In the 1950s, the C-47 became one of Colonial Parachute Battalion, 2nd Battalion, Indochina, either by various national air the icons of colonial wars. In Indochina, 1st Light Infantry Parachute Regiment, parts forces (Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia),

Tracer bullets in the sky above Saigon. The technology of rotating barrels provided a rate of fire ranging between 2,000 and 6,000 rounds per minute for each minigun of the AC-47, the effect of which earned the plane, already called ‘Spooky’, the nickname of ‘Puff, the Magic Dragon’. The firepower thus generated C-47s of the South Vietnamese air force (Viet could be used either to Nam Air Force – VNAF), in a photograph taken support the troops in in 1996. The Dakota played an important part in action on land or as intense the Indochina war, especially through the local saturation fire with which to air forces. Even in this theatre of war, it was destroy targets that were used mainly for logistical support, but it was difficult to reach. also sometimes deployed in combat missions, particularly in its AC-47 version.

224 Build Douglas DC-3 The decline of the DC3

The AC-47 ‘Spooky’

he first flight of the AC-47, given the radio call sign ‘Spooky’ for its stealth and Taccuracy, dates back to 15 December 1964, when it took off from the Bien Hoa airbase in Vietnam. Its armament consisted of three 7.62mm miniguns – General Electric SUU- 11As – with a rate of fire of 6,000 rounds a minute. Its success in its first deployments led the USAF to buy a large number of these planes, derived from a conversion of the old C-47, within the year. In August 1965, the 4th Air Commando Squadron (ACS) set up at Tan Son Nhut airbase, became the first operational unit to be equipped with the new gunships; the 4th ACS also operated on the front line in Bien Hoa, Pleiku, Na Trang, Da Nang and Can Tho. In November, the unit received 16 aircraft, plus four more destined for ‘advanced conflict’ duties. In view of the scarcity of materials, the planes were equipped with two instead of three miniguns and sometimes, provisionally, with eight or 10 Browning machine guns instead of the miniguns. The increased availability of miniguns gradually rectified this anomaly, and two more squadrons of AC-47s (3rd and 5th ACS) were later created, which, The then Israeli Prime Minister, David Ben Gurion (fourth from the right in the front row), together with the 4th ACS, were part of the 14th Air Commando Wing (since August 1968, poses with a group of armed forces officials next to a C-47 of the Israeli Air Force (IAF). the Special Operations Wing). In all, some 53 C-47s were converted into flying gunships Having gone into service in 1948, the Dakota was only phased out of the IAF in 2000. by the USAF during the Vietnam War, of which 15 were lost between 17 December On 29 October 1956, 16 Dakotas of the IAF launched Operation Machbesh, part of 1965 and 5 September 1969. In that year, the ‘Spooky’ aircraft were gradually ceded to Israel’s Sinai Campaign (Operation Kadesh) during the Suez Crisis, dropping 400 men of the Vietnamese Air Force in the context of the policy of ‘Vietnamisation’ of the conflict the 890th battalion of the Airborne Brigade, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Rafael carried out by President Nixon. But the lesson of the AC-47 was not wasted, resulting ‘Raful’ Eitan, at the Egyptian lines in the Mitla Pass. The co-pilot of the lead aircraft in the in subsequent programmes such as Gunship II (AC-130, based on the Lockheed C-130 formation was Yael Rom, one of the first female pilots in the IAF. platform) and Gunship III (AC-119, based on the Fairchild C-119 platform). or, from the 1960s onwards, by the US R-1830-92, R-1830-90D and R-2000- rotating barrels and a high rate of fire, and, forces operating in the region. The US 4), these variants (known as the ‘electric from 1964 onwards, they were deployed Air Force (USAF), besides using it as a gooneys’) were designated respectively as very successfully in land attacks and close transport plane, also developed three EC-47N, EC-47P and EC-47Q. Still based air support (CAS). versions for electronic signals interception, on the C-47, the USAF also operated the The Middle East and southern Africa which were in use between 1965 and AC-47 gunship (‘Spooky’), fitted with three were two more war zones in the 1950s and 1975. Powered by various engines (P&W miniguns. These were machine guns with 1960s in which the C-47 was widely used.

Build Douglas DC-3 225 A C-47 of the South African Air Force (SAAF) from after 1958. The SAAF took delivery of its first C-47s during World War II, and later acquired more from those phased out by the RAF. Together with El Salvador and , South Africa is one of the few countries that still have Dakotas in their air forces, used for electronic warfare, surveillance and transport.

Some of the miniguns on board an AC-47. The weapons and their gun pods were produced by General Electric, and fired 7.62mm ammunition from six rotating barrels, activated electrically. The standard arrangement was to mount one gun in the cargo hatch and two in the rear windows, but there were also instances of aircraft in which a third gun was placed at a window instead of at the cargo door. The miniguns were always mounted on the left side of the plane.

The Israeli Air Force (IAF), for instance, prevented it updating its own aircraft fleet, against the People’s Liberation Army of used the Dakota from 1948 until 2000, the South African Air Force (SAAF) used Namibia (PLAN) in Angola and Zambia. particularly during the 1956 war (the Suez Dakotas during the so-called ‘border Crisis) as transport planes and to drop war’ of 1966-1989, in what is today The last DC-3s paratroops in the Sinai Peninsula. northern Namibia. The SAAF also used In the 1960s, partly because international them extensively in Africa in 1976-77, In the second half of the 1950s, the sanctions imposed on the country in Zimbabwe (1977) and in operations DC-3 began playing an increasingly less

226 The decline of the DC3

important role in passenger transport. It 1970s began, especially in developing spraying weedkiller, etc. At the same time, was no longer used by the major airlines, countries, they were phased out as the those DC-3s that were still operational and even medium-sized airlines were years went by. Many were eventually were acquired by smaller airlines to serve now replacing it with more recent, better- used for a wide range of purposes, such more difficult routes (especially in Africa, performing models. While DC-3s were as tourist flights, humanitarian duties, North America and South America), as still being used by some airlines as the sports skydiving, decontamination duties, either scheduled or charter flights. Many DC-3s still operational today have their history recorded in a long chain of changes in ownership. The aircraft in the photograph (number 6135) went into service with the US Army Air Force (USAAF) on 24 January 1943 (registration USAAF 41-19492), serving with the 10th Air Force in India and the India-China Wing of Air Transport Command. Ceded to the Indian government in April 1946, it was subsequently registered by Hindustan Aircraft Company (N9080C - VT-DGU; June 1951); Ariana Airlines (YA-AAC, April 1955); Lambair (Canada) (CF-DBJ, delivered on 30 December 1972; registration C-FDBJ in January 1980), and Perimeter Airlines (Winnipeg, Canada, October 1982). Removed from Perimeter’s registration books in May 1988 and sold in the United States, it was registered that same month as YV-500C by Aeroejecutivos of , where it still is in use.

Build Douglas DC-3 227 Although almost 80 years have elapsed since the DC-3 first went into service, several airlines still use it today. Buffalo Air, for instance, operates a regular service, six days a week, between Yellowknife and The career of C-47A-20-DL, construction number 9397, above, was a complex one. Built by Douglas’s Hay River in the Northwest Territories, Long Beach plant in 1942, it served in the USAAF (registration 42-2353), as well as in the Australian Air Force (registration VHC-DJ), before being sold to Philippine Airlines in 1954 (PI-C127). It returned to Canada, using DC-3s with 27 seats, in the USA in 1956 when it wore, among others, the colours of Pacific Western (CF-PWC and, since 1957, CF-INE); Aspen Airways/United Express (N345A); GNA – Great Northern Airlines; AAT – American Air Taxi; addition to charter flights to various other Air Sunshine (since January 1976, registration N76KW); Scheerer Air; Air Texana – AAT; Pro Air destinations in Canada and to the United Service; and Coastal Airways, from whose registry it was removed in May 2013. States and Greenland. TransNorthern operates charter and cargo flights from its base of operations in Anchorage, Alaska, with a fleet of DC- 3S planes and smaller Beechcraft 99 and Metroliner III aircraft. Atlantic Air Cargo, Florida Air Cargo and TMF Aircraft, all with bases in Opa Locka, Miami, Florida, are three examples of cargo companies that continue to operate using the DC-3

Another example of operational longevity is the remarkable C-47B-1-DK, construction number 25623, and DC-3S. seen here in the colours of Seagreen Air Transport (VP-LIX). Built in 1943 in Oklahoma City and DC-3s are still used in South America. delivered to the USAAF (43-48362), it was decommissioned in the 1950s after serving in the RAF under registration number KJ8893. It then became a civilian aircraft and was registered as G-APNK by Skyways In Venezuela, for example, flights are Ltd in June 1958; VP-BAB by Skyways on 5 December the following year, and VP-BBM by Bahamas Airways on 4 December 1959. After a period at Seagreen Caribbean (1968-1983, when it was re- operated by Servivensa between registered V2-LIX), it was rented out (as N479H) to Paterson Aircraft, then to Ago Airways. Subsequently, and Canaima, and between Caracas and in October 1990, it went to Pan Oceanic Air, Coast Airways and Legion Express. Nowadays, it is a static exhibit at the Fantasy of Flight park in Polk City, Florida. El Gran Roques by Aeroejecutivos.

228 Build Douglas DC-3 The decline of the DC3

A major part of today’s DC-3 market is Here is a further example of the versatility of the DC-3 and its nostalgia companies that use restored and wide range of uses. This hybrid version produced by Lockheed refurbished aircraft, either for business California was fitted with the purposes or as non-profit enterprises, nose and cockpit of an F-104G Super Starfighter and equipped offering passengers the chance to fly in with a comprehensive suite of military electronics. In the one of these historic planes. The Flagship 1960s, it was used as a training Detroit of American Airlines (registration aircraft by the West German Air Force (the Luftwaffe) to enable number NC 17334, delivered by Douglas its pilots to become safely acquainted with the electronic to the Fort Worth company back in 1937), war systems that at the time is still flying, thanks to the Flagship Detroit were considered one of NATO’s best assets. The aircraft was Foundation of Southlake, Texas, and is much safer for inexperienced the oldest operational DC‑3. In the same pilots to fly than the accident- prone F-104G. way, the AAF (American Aeronautical Foundation) flies a former USAAF and Israeli Air Force C-47B called the Aluminum

Left: Detail of a (restored) DC-3 still in service today Converting the DC-3 with Classic Air. This Swiss business is one of the many ecause of the structural soundness of the body of the DC-3, there were various attempts to upgrade ‘nostalgia companies’ that Bit, especially by fitting new engines. These upgrades included the turboprop C-47TP Turbo Dakota by operate vintage aircraft, enabling their customers to Braddick Specialised Air Services; the Turbo Three, Super-Three and Tri-Turbo-Three by Conroy; the Turbo enjoy flying in old piston- Dakota by Dodson International; the Turbo Express by USAC; and the BT-67 by Basler. The introduction of a engined planes. The aircraft new powerplant usually required lengthening and stiffening the fuselage (to resist the increased stress and in the picture (registration to compensate for the shift in the centre of gravity), as well as the introduction of new avionics and updated HB-ISB; series number instrumentation. The only example produced of the Conroy Tri-Turbo-Three (TT-3), used by Polair and 4666) is a DC3C-S1C3G, Maritime Patrol & Rescue, stood out because of the conspicuous third engine on its nose (see page 230). dating from 1942.

Build Douglas DC-3 229 Mistress (registration USAAF 43-49531). Southern DC-3 Ltd offered tourist flights in Adventures company still offers flights in a Among the commercial companies still a C-47A of 1944 (registration 13506) until DC-3 of 1943 vintage for between $2,650 flying DC-3s, the New Zealand company it closed down in 2014, but the Incredible and $4,700.

Front view of the Conroy TT-3 in the livery of the Maritime Patrol & Rescue company. Opinions vary on the quality of this three- engined turboprop, but the conversion significantly increased its range and versatility compared to the standard DC-3, and made the TT-3 suitable for regular deployment in harsh Arctic conditions. This aircraft, the only TT-3 ever produced, was destroyed by an explosion on board in May 1986 at the municipal airport of Santa Barbara, California.

230 Build Douglas DC-3 N.B. Some elements supplied with each issue, in particular the sheets Assembly Guide of laser-cut plywood parts, may not look exactly identical to those in the step-by-step photographs. But of course, the individual assembly pieces included within the laser-cut plywood parts will have exactly the same shapes, sizes and descriptions as those shown here. Completing the left wing See the back cover for a checklist of your parts for this pack.

1 3

A19 A20

A39-A40

A47

Take the laser-cut sheets for the left wing, and one of the Fit pieces A19, A20 and A47 onto the joined pieces A39-A40. The correct notching and fixing of pieceA47 between A19 and pieces A13, which you kept from the previous pack. Remove A20 determines the correct angle of the subsequent pieces. This joint corresponds to a similar one on the right wing. each piece from the sheet with a craft knife and use a file and abrasive paper to smooth the edges.

2 A43 A44 4

A41 A41-4A2 A39 A42 A40

A37 A38

A37-A38

A39-A40

Start the construction of the left wing, as shown in the Fit and glue the joined pieces A37-A38 and A41-A42 onto the assembly from Step 3, as shown in the photograph. photographs, by pairing up pieces A37-A38, A39-A40, A41-A42 and A43-A44. Fit and glue them together on a flat surface.

Build Douglas DC-3 231 Assembly Guide

5 6 A48

A13 A46 A14

Fit and glue rib A14 into position, as shown. Fit and glue the support pieces A48 and A46, and then the rib A13.

7 8 A15 A17

A18 A45 A16

Add the ribs A15, A16, A17 and A18. Fit and glue piece A45 onto the ribs assembled in the previous steps.

232 Build Douglas DC-3 Completing the left wing Assembly Guide

9

A30 A21 A31 A22 A23 A32 A24 A33 A25 A26 A27 A28 A36 A29

A34 A35

Fit and glue the remaining ribs of the left wing, from A21 to A36 inclusive, as shown in the photograph.

Build Douglas DC-3 233 Assembly Guide

10 11 12

A43-A44

On the rear side of the wing, fit and glue the piece formed by Position the stringers in the notches made for them in the Also position the stringers on the lower side of the wing. parts A43-A44. wing. If necessary, modify the notches with a file, so that the outer edge of each stringer is flush with the ribs.

13 14 15

A17 A18

Apply primer, gently sand the whole assembly and then paint Cut and carefully remove the stringers from the area shown, to If you are adding lighting, insert two lengths of wire for the the wing green. Leave to dry. leave a space between ribs A17 and A18 on the leading edge lighting in the wing structure, as shown. If you do not plan of the wing. to fit the model with lighting, leave out this step and steps 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 36, 38, 40, 43, 44 and 45.

234 Build Douglas DC-3 Completing the left wing Assembly Guide

16 17 18

C67G C68G

C67G

AWL1 AWL3 C68G

Sand pieces C67G and C68G, apply primer and paint them As you have done with the rest of the model, prepare the Repeat the process for cladding piece AWL3, referring to the green. Then fix them in the positions shown in the photograph. cover piece AWL1. On the back of the piece, paint the area photograph to see which area to paint green. shaded green in the photograph with green paint, masking off the remaining part to keep it unpainted.

19 20

AWL1 A37-A38

AWL1

A33

Start covering the upper side of the wing by positioning and gluing the cladding piece AWL1, as The detail shows the correct position of cladding piece AWL1: ensure that about half the width shown in this photograph. Be careful with cladding pieces AWL1 and AWL3: do not remove the of rib A33 and pieces A37-A38 are left uncovered, so that they can provide a good support for excess length at the rear part of the wing, shown by the dotted red line, which must be about 4mm. the rest of the cladding.

Build Douglas DC-3 235 Assembly Guide

21 22

AWL3

AWL2 AWL4

Complete the covering of the upper side of the wing by adding cladding piece AWL3. Repeat the operations on the underside of the wing, fitting cladding piecesAWL2 and AWL4.

23 24 25 AWL9

AWL10 AWL5

AWL8 AWL5

Start covering the leading edge of the wing. Prepare cladding On the lower side of the leading edge, fit and glue cladding Complete the cladding of the lower part of the leading edge piece AWL5. Bend and adjust it carefully before gluing it, as piece AWL8. by fitting piecesAWL9 and AWL10. At the same time, shown in the photograph. continue with the cladding of the upper part of the leading edge, using pieces AWL6 and AWL7.

236 Build Douglas DC-3 Completing the left wing Assembly Guide

26 27 28

A36 A13

With a file and abrasive paper, remove the excess cladding of Smooth the excess cladding around the opening made in To identify the polarity of the LED, note the length of the the wing so as to make it flush with ribA13 . Step 14 (above), and make the cladding flush with ribA36 . terminal wires: the longer one is the positive terminal (+). We recommend marking the positive side of the diode with a permanent marker.

29 30 31

Cut two pieces of heat-shrinkable tubing about 1cm long, and A red LED will be fitted at the end of the left wing. Cut off the Solder the LED to the wires, making sure that the polarity is fit them on the wires that emerge from the end of the wing, as ends of the wires with wire cutters and strip them, as shown in correct: the orange wire connects to the positive terminal of shown in the photograph. the photograph. the diode, the grey wire connects to the negative terminal.

Build Douglas DC-3 237 Assembly Guide

32 33 S93G S94G 34

S93G S94G

S93G

Slide the heat-shrinkable tubing over the soldered joints. Then Take pieces S93G and S94G. Prime them and paint them Being very careful with the painted surfaces, fit the LED into use a lighter or soldering iron to heat the tubing so that it shrinks chrome, in the same way that you have painted other parts of piece S93G, as shown above. around the joints. You have now insulated the connections, to the fuselage. avoid the possibility of a short-circuit.

35 36 37

S94G

S93G

Fit and glue piece S94G to piece S93G, using as small an Gently pull the wires connected to the LED, so that the end Glue the end piece in place, as shown, making sure it is amount of adhesive as you can. This will make it easier for piece of the wing fits flush with the rest of it. correctly aligned. Use as little glue as possible. you to reach the LED for repairs, if necessary.

238 Build Douglas DC-3 Completing the left wing Assembly Guide

38 39 40

C72G

C71G C71G

In the same way as you did with the red LED, attach a white Take pieces C71G and C72G. File them lightly to remove Fit the LED into piece C71G, as shown in the photograph. LED to the pair of wires that emerge from the leading edge of any rough edges, and check that the two parts will fit the wing. together correctly.

41 42 43

C71G C72G 20mm

Fit and glue piece C72G, as illustrated. Use as little glue Pull the pair of wires towards the inside end of the wing, to Shorten the wires to 20mm in length, as indicated in the as possible. draw the assembly into position (see photograph). Fix it with a photograph. Strip the ends of both wires. few small spots of adhesive.

Build Douglas DC-3 239 Assembly Guide

44 45 46

C71G C72G

Take the connectors shown in the inset photograph. Fit the Insulate the connectors with the heat-shrink sleeving as shown With a brush, paint the fronts of pieces C71G and C72G. ends of the wires prepared earlier into them, gently close them above, to avoid short-circuits. with pliers and then solder the joints.

47 48 A53 A54 A52 AWL11 AWL12 A51

A50 A450

A49 AWL12 AWL11

Cover pieces C71G and C72G, prepared in the previous step, Now all that remains is to construct the wing flap. Assemble the wing flap support by fitting and gluing piecesA49 , A50, A51, with the cladding AWL11 and AWL12 on the upper and lower A52, A53 and A54 into piece A450, as shown in the photograph. sides respectively. Shape the pieces to fit before gluing them, and remember to add the lines that simulate the rivets.

240 Build Douglas DC-3 Completing the left wing Assembly Guide

49 50 51

A450

Check that the assembly put together in the previous step fits For the correct positioning of the support, you can use rods, Fit and glue the four pieces of rod made in the previous step in the rear part of the wing, as illustrated in the photograph. If as already suggested. From the bamboo rod supplied with the into the holes in piece A450, as shown in the photograph. necessary, carefully modify it. second pack, cut four pieces, each 3mm long.

52 53

C58a

A450

C58h C58f C58g C58d C58e C58b C58c

The ends of the pegs must be flush with the visible side of Take the pieces that form the wing flap:C58a , C58b, C58c, C58d, C58e, C58f, C58g and C58h. Smooth off any roughness and piece A450 (see photograph). moulding marks with a file and abrasive paper.

Build Douglas DC-3 241 Assembly Guide

54 55

C58a

C58a C58b

Take the wing flap support and pieceC58a . Apply primer and paint both pieces green. Leave them to dry. Sand the flat surfaces indicated by the arrows, then fit and glue the end piece C58b as shown. Use only a small amount of glue, and make sure to keep the hole through the centre of the pieces unobstructed.

56 57

C58g C58h C58e C58f C58d C58c

To check that the hole is completely clear, thread through the As with piece C58b, fit and glue piecesC58c , C58d, C58e, C58f, C58g and C58h in position, one after the other, 0.8mm diameter rod supplied. starting with C58c. Test that the hole in each is clear by using the brass rod.

242 Build Douglas DC-3 Completing the left wing Assembly Guide

58 59

C58b C58h

AWL13 AWL14

Prepare cladding piece AWL13 and cover the lower part of Prepare cladding piece AWL14 for the upper part of the wing. Shape and glue it as shown. Mask off the cladding piece the wing flap with it. to expose the curved surface of pieces C58b to C58h (indicated above by red arrows) apply primer, then paint chrome. Leave to dry.

60 61

Once the wing is assembled, the chrome-painted pieces from Fit the wing flap into its support and insert the brass rod through the holes to form the hinge. Do not apply adhesive, and leave the previous step will be visible when the flap is down. the wing flap free to move. Remove the excess length of the brass rod at both ends. Keep any pieces not used in this pack for a future assembly.

Build Douglas DC-3 243 Build ™ Douglas DC-3 www.model-space.com

Stringers Aluminium sheet for fuselage covering x2 Laser-cut plywood parts

0.8mm brass rod

C58b C58c C58d C58e C58f C58g C58h

S93G

C72G S94G C58a C67G C71G

C68G

VOL2G

VOL1G Left wing covering templates Engine parts

Completing the left wing Pack 10