GNS 430(A) Pilot’S Guide and Reference
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Hunnic Warfare in the Fourth and Fifth Centuries C.E.: Archery and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire
HUNNIC WARFARE IN THE FOURTH AND FIFTH CENTURIES C.E.: ARCHERY AND THE COLLAPSE OF THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE A Thesis Submitted to the Committee of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Faculty of Arts and Science. TRENT UNIVERSITY Peterborough, Ontario, Canada © Copyright by Laura E. Fyfe 2016 Anthropology M.A. Graduate Program January 2017 ABSTRACT Hunnic Warfare in the Fourth and Fifth Centuries C.E.: Archery and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire Laura E. Fyfe The Huns are one of the most misunderstood and mythologized barbarian invaders encountered by the Roman Empire. They were described by their contemporaries as savage nomadic warriors with superior archery skills, and it is this image that has been written into the history of the fall of the Western Roman Empire and influenced studies of Late Antiquity through countless generations of scholarship. This study examines evidence of Hunnic archery, questions the acceptance and significance of the “Hunnic archer” image, and situates Hunnic archery within the context of the fall of the Western Roman Empire. To achieve a more accurate picture of the importance of archery in Hunnic warfare and society, this study undertakes a mortuary analysis of burial sites associated with the Huns in Europe, a tactical and logistical study of mounted archery and Late Roman and Hunnic military engagements, and an analysis of the primary and secondary literature. Keywords: Archer, Archery, Army, Arrow, Barbarian, Bow, Burial Assemblages, Byzantine, Collapse, Composite Bow, Frontier, Hun, Logistics, Migration Period, Roman, Roman Empire, Tactics, Weapons Graves ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would first like to thank my thesis advisor, Dr. -
How to Configure Radios for Use with Repeaters
Concept of How to Configure Your Handheld and Mobile Radio for Use on a Repeater System VA6RPL Peter LaGrandeur Calgary Amateur Radio Association 2015 Learning Conference Limitations of “Standalone” Radios such as Handhelds and Vehicle Mounted Mobiles. Short Range of Coverage Signal easily blocked by major obstacles such as mountains, valleys, urban infrastructure What is a “Repeater” Radio? A repeater is basically a two way radio that receives a signal on one frequency, and simultaneously retransmits it on another frequency. It can retransmit with much greater power than received, and can send over a much wider area. A good example is where users are scattered in various areas separated by mountains; if a repeater is situated on top of a central mountain, it can gather signals from surrounding valleys, and rebroadcast them to all surrounding valleys. Handy! From there, repeater stations can be “linked” together to connect a series of repeater radios, each in a different area. With this, every time a user transmits on his mobile or handheld, his call will be heard simultaneously over all the repeater transmitters. And, yes! Repeater stations can now be connected via the internet. This internet linking is called IRLP – Internet Relay Linking Project. For example, a repeater in Calgary can link, via the internet, with an IRLP repeater anywhere in the world. You can carry on a two way radio conversation with someone in a faraway land with the assistance of the internet. Locating of Repeater Stations The higher the better. Yes, there are even satellite repeaters for amateur radio. In places that afford the best coverage in as many directions as possible. -
Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (Ca
Conversion and Empire: Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (ca. 300-900) by Alexander Borislavov Angelov A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor John V.A. Fine, Jr., Chair Professor Emeritus H. Don Cameron Professor Paul Christopher Johnson Professor Raymond H. Van Dam Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes © Alexander Borislavov Angelov 2011 To my mother Irina with all my love and gratitude ii Acknowledgements To put in words deepest feelings of gratitude to so many people and for so many things is to reflect on various encounters and influences. In a sense, it is to sketch out a singular narrative but of many personal “conversions.” So now, being here, I am looking back, and it all seems so clear and obvious. But, it is the historian in me that realizes best the numerous situations, emotions, and dilemmas that brought me where I am. I feel so profoundly thankful for a journey that even I, obsessed with planning, could not have fully anticipated. In a final analysis, as my dissertation grew so did I, but neither could have become better without the presence of the people or the institutions that I feel so fortunate to be able to acknowledge here. At the University of Michigan, I first thank my mentor John Fine for his tremendous academic support over the years, for his friendship always present when most needed, and for best illustrating to me how true knowledge does in fact produce better humanity. -
Vfr Communications for Idiots
VFR COMMUNICATIONS FOR IDIOTS A CRANIUM RECTUM EXTRACTUS PUBLICATION INTRODUCTION The crowded nature of today’s aviation environment and the affordability of VHF transceivers for general aviation aircraft have caused the development of two-way radio communication skills to be included in a modern flight instruction curriculum. While radio communication is not required at uncontrolled airports, safety is greatly enhanced by the use of proper radio technique. Moreover, the inclusion of more and more airspace under the positive control of Air Traffic Control (ATC), inside which two-way radio communication is mandatory, has made mastery of radio skills necessary if general aviation aircraft are to be fully utilized. This article has been written to introduce the primary pilot to current radio communication techniques by using familiar examples and by avoiding confusing technobabble. Please remember that the phraseology and techniques presented here are not carved in stone! Fashions in radio communications have changed in the past, and they will certainly change in the future to satisfy the requirements of an evolving aviation environment. These recommendations should provide a starting point that will allow each pilot to develop an individual style within a framework of efficient communications. RADIO TECHNIQUE 1. Make sure the radio is audible. Place the radio power switch in the TEST position or turn down the squelch until static can be heard. Turn up the volume to the desired level, then return the poser switch to ON or turn up the squelch until the static is eliminated. Don’t miss critical radio calls just because the volume is too low. -
Citizens' Band (CB) Radio Spectrum Use – Information and Operation
Citizens’ Band Radio equipment– information and operation Citizens’ Band (CB) radio spectrum use – information and operation Of 364 Guidance Publication date: March 2018 Citizens’ Band Radio equipment– information and operation Contents Section Page 1 Regulatory and equipment information 1 2 Frequently asked questions 5 3 CB operating practice 8 Citizens’ Band Radio equipment– information and operation Section 1 Regulatory and equipment information Citizens’ Band (‘CB’) radio 1.1 Citizens’ Band (‘CB’) radio operates in the 27 MHz band. It is a short-range radio service for both hobby and business use. It is designed to be used without the need for technical qualifications. However, its use must not cause interference to other radio users. Consequently, only radios meeting certain specific requirements may be used. These are described below. How Ofcom authorises the use of CB radio 1.2 Ofcom seeks to reduce regulation, where possible. In 2006, we therefore made exemption regulations1, removing the need for a person to hold a licence to operate CB radio equipment using Angle Modulation (FM/PM). 1.3 In 2014, Ofcom made further exemption regulations2, which permitted the operation of CB radio equipment using two additional modes of Amplitude Modulation (AM) - Double Side Band (DSB) and Single Side Band (SSB). This followed an international agreement3 made in 2011.”. 1.4 CB users share spectrum in a frequency band used by the Ministry of Defence (MOD). CB users must therefore accept incoming interference caused by use of this spectrum by the MOD. 1.5 CB radio equipment must be operated on a 'non-interference’ basis. -
1 Heretical Self-Defence in the Middle Ages
Heretical Self-Defence in the Middle Ages: Text, Law, Subterfuge, Flight and Arms University of Nottingham Abstracts Session 1: Late-antique and early-medieval Models ‘North African Donatism: Fighting against the heretical assimilation’ Carles Buenecasa Perez, University of Barcelona Donatism was nothing but a schism, and its theology was not so different from Catholicism. That’s why, in Africa, Donatism was widely widespread. Catholic bishops decided that, demonstrating to the emperors that Donatism was an heresy, they could impose on Donatists the strict legislation against heretics. Augustine of Hippo has played a significant role in this process, and the arguments he used were multiple. First of all, the bishop of Hippo developed thelogical and ecclesiological concepts, like the uselessness of the baptism given by those who are out of the Church, the lack of theological fundament for rebaptism, etc. Equally, he carried out a deep historical research to remind the Donatists the origins of their own schism (several lies behind the election of Cecilianus, the innocence of Felix of Abthugni...), and to denounce Donatists’s violences (the rupture of ecclesiastical unity, circoncellions’s assassinations...). Then, once Catholic bishops had proved the heretical condition of Donatism, imperial power could promulgate several edicts for its repression from 405. Donatists felt very mistreated by their opponents so they reacted in many and diverse ways. The only problem is that most of our sources are the Catholic ones, so there are not too much objectives. Augustine insists in the fact that the main Donatist reaction was violence agaisnt catholics, but can we really admit this? ‘Gottschalk of Orbais: the quest for Gottschalk’s models’ Bojana Radovanović, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Institut für Mittelalterforschung ‘Heretical self-defence in the Pseudo-Dionysius’ Alan P. -
OPUS IMPERFECTUM AUGUSTINE and HIS READERS, 426-435 A.D. by MARK VESSEY on the Fifth Day Before the Kalends of September [In
OPUS IMPERFECTUM AUGUSTINE AND HIS READERS, 426-435 A.D. BY MARK VESSEY On the fifth day before the Kalends of September [in the thirteenth consulship of the emperor 'Theodosius II and the third of Valcntinian III], departed this life the bishop Aurelius Augustinus, most excellent in all things, who at the very end of his days, amid the assaults of besieging Vandals, was replying to I the books of Julian and persevcring glorioi.islyin the defence of Christian grace.' The heroic vision of Augustine's last days was destined to a long life. Projected soon after his death in the C,hronicleof Prosper of Aquitaine, reproduccd in the legendary biographies of the Middle Ages, it has shaped the ultimate or penultimate chapter of more than one modern narrative of the saint's career.' And no wonder. There is something very compelling about the picture of the aged bishop recumbent against the double onslaught of the heretical monster Julian and an advancing Vandal army, the ex- tremity of his plight and writerly perseverance enciphering once more the unfathomable mystery of grace and the disproportion of human and divine enterprises. In the chronicles of the earthly city, the record of an opus mag- num .sed imperfectum;in the numberless annals of eternity, thc perfection of God's work in and through his servant Augustine.... As it turned out, few observers at the time were able to abide by this providential explicit and Prosper, despite his zeal for combining chronicle ' Prosper, Epitomachronicon, a. 430 (ed. Mommsen, MGH, AA 9, 473). Joseph McCabe, .SaintAugustine and His Age(London 1902) 427: "Whilst the Vandals thundered at the walls Augustine was absorbed in his great refutation of the Pelagian bishop of Lclanum, Julian." Other popular biographers prefer the penitential vision of Possidius, hita Augustini31,1-2. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,231,386 B1 W (45) Date of Patent: May 15, 2001
USOO6231386B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,231,386 B1 W (45) Date of Patent: May 15, 2001 (54) ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR WITH 5,385,478 1/1995 Kiekawa .............................. 439/570 IMPROVED SOLDER PADS 5,591,047 1/1997 Yamada et al. ...................... 439/570 5,704,807 1/1998 Sherman et al. ..................... 439/570 (75) Inventor: Kun-Tsan Wu, Tu-Chen (TW) 6,007,352 12/1999 Azuma et al. ....................... 439/570 6,012,949 1/2000 Lok ...................................... 439/570 (73) Assignee: Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd., * cited by examiner Taipei Hsien (TW) Primary Examiner-Gary F. Paumen (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Wei Te Chung patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. (57) ABSTRACT An electrical connector includes an insulative housing, a (21) Appl. No.: 09/474,322 pair of contacts and a pair of L-shaped Solder pads received in the insulative housing, respectively. The housing defines (22) Filed: Dec. 29, 1999 a pair of T-shaped channels Spaced from each other in a (51) Int. Cl." ..................................................... H01R 13/73 bottom portion thereof. Each T-shaped channel includes a (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 439/570 groove and a receSS laterally eXposing to the groove. Each (58) Field of Search ..................................... 439/570-572 L-shaped Solder pad includes a first portion and a Second 439'83 portion being generally perpendicular to each other. A pro trusion is embossed in a Surface of the first portion of each (56) References Cited Solder pad. -
Going with the Grain: Athenian State Formation and the Question Of
Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics Going with the Grain: Athenian State Formation and the Question of Subsistence in the 5th and 4th Centuries BCE Version 1.0 January 2006 Ulrike Krotscheck Stanford University Abstract: In this paper, I address the role of Athenian grain trade policy as a driving factor of the city’s growing power in the 5th and 4th centuries. Recent explanations of increasing Athenian hegemony and dominance over other poleis during this time period have focused on the role of warfare. I present an equally important, yet often-overlooked factor: food supply. Athens was dependent on grain imports throughout the Classical Period. Through examination of the ancient sources, I demonstrate that the increasing need to secure subsistence goods for Athens significantly propelled its ambition for power, causing a fundamental shift from a non- interventionist government policy to one of heavy intervention between the 5th and the 4th centuries BCE. This shift corresponded to an increasing complexity within the mechanisms of the city’s politics. It helped propel Athenian state formation and affected the dynamic of power and politics in the ancient Mediterranean world. © Ulrike Krotscheck. [email protected] 2 Introduction In his recent book Against the Grain, Richard Manning argues that most apparently fundamental forces that have shaped the world, such as trade, wealth, disease, slavery, imperialism, and colonialism, are based on agricultural production. While Manning does offer a description of agriculture throughout human history, his main focus is on contemporary politics, specifically the US agribusiness.1 Manning may go a bit far in his ultimate conclusion – calling, among other things, for a return to hunting for subsistence - but he makes a salient point. -
EZT-430S 4.3 User Manual
EZT-430S 4.3 User Manual EZT-430S User Manual Rev. A March 2020 (V1.1.5) Supersedes: - EZT-430S 2 Safety Information in this Manual Notes, cautions and warnings appear throughout this book to draw your attention to important operational and safety information A “NOTE” marks a short message to alert you to an important detail. A “CAUTION” appears with information that is important for protecting your equipment and insuring performance. A “WARNING” appears with information that is important for protecting you, others and equipment from damage. Pay very close attention to all warnings that apply to your application. This symbol (an exclamation point in a triangle) precedes a general CAUTION or WARNING statement. This symbol (a lightning bolt in a lightning bolt in a triangle) precedes an electric shock hazard CAUTION or WARNING safety statement. Technical Assistance If you encounter a problem with your EZT-430S controller, review all of your configuration information to verify that your selections are consistent with your application: inputs; outputs; alarms; limits; etc. If the problem persists after checking the above, you can get technical assistance by dialing +1 (877) 233-9871 or by faxing your request to +1 (513) 326-5258, Monday thru Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time. You can also email your request to [email protected]. An applications engineer will discuss your application with you. Please have the following information available: • Complete Model #’s and/or Serial #’s for Component(s) in Question • Complete Software Version #’s • All Configuration Information • All User Manuals Warranty and return information is on the back cover of this manual. -
VHF50 VHF Radio Owner’S Manual Table of Contents Introduction
VHF50 VHF Radio Owner’s Manual Table of Contents Introduction ........................................2 Service...............................................2 Licensing............................................2 LCD Description.................................3 Turning the Radio On ........................3 Adjusting the Volume.........................3 Receive Mode....................................4 Squelch Control .................................4 Changing Channels ...........................4 Changing Between USA, International and Canadian Modes....5 Transmitting a Signal .........................6 Selecting the Transmit Power............6 Battery Level Display.........................7 Listening to the Weather....................7 Channel 16/19 Key ............................8 Dual Watch Mode ..............................8 Scanning Channels............................9 Auto Back-Light................................11 Keypad Lock ....................................11 Restoring Factory Settings ..............12 Battery Options for the VHF50 ........12 DW SQL Maintenance ....................................12 Troubleshooting Guide.....................13 MEM UIC MIC USA Frequency Chart......................14 International Frequency Chart .........15 Canadian Frequency Chart .............16 WX Frequency Chart .......................17 Accessories and Parts.....................17 Specifications...................................17 Warnings and Safety Precautions ...18 Revised 3/05 Welcome! Radio Licenses: Thank you for purchasing -
POTOMAC Alrfield David W~~Sky
POTOMAC AlRFIELD David W~~sky 10300 Glen Way * Ft Washington * MD * 20744 * (301) 248 - 5720 (' George Dillon FCC Private Radio Bureau Aviation & Marine Branch Mail Stop 1700C2 Washington, DC 20554 Dear Sir: A Request for Rule Interpretation. Wit have been developing an exciting technology that improves safety at airports that provides consistent and reliable CTAFlUnicom Services. We are now seeking from the FCC a Rule Interpretation that would allow us to formally offer this technology to the State Aviation Officials on a nationwide basis. After a few month:; of getting ditfe:-ent forms from Gettysbmg" <inrl up,m contact with Scan White of your office, 1 believe at last that you are the wise one for whom we have been seeking. FAA Review. After several people at FAA headquarters reviewed our system's features and capability, Myron Clark, a senior Aviation Safety Inspector with FAA Flight Standards Technical Programs Division, (the department that evaluates such matters), has offered to be available to the FCC to assist in classifying our new technology appropriately. Mr. Clark suggested that our device is a "CTAF Advisory System for VFR Operations at Non-tower controlled airports." (CTAF, Common Traffic Advisory Frequency). Specifically he felt that our system was not an AWOS by the FAA's view, and thus it can and should operate on an airport's existing CTAF. By operating on CTAF \\'e would be providing the benefits of improved safety through consistent CTAF advisories, avoid a further burden on the limited radio spectrum available, and not require a discrete frequency, such as would be necessary for a continuous Awas transmission.