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Notional River? Authority Information Centre Hood Chics NRA Class Mo National Rivers Authority

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Notional River? Authority Information Centre Hood Chics NRA Class Mo National Rivers Authority NRA-Anglian 26 BEDFORD OUSE (LOWER REACHES) CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN SKEGNESS • SUMMARY RE BOSTON* i KINGS LYNN NORWICH • STAMFORD • PETERBOROUGH • CORBY •O U N O LE ► KETTERING WELLINGBOROUGH* • 8URY ST. EDMUNDS • NORTHAMPTON MILTON • SUDBURY KEYNES • BUCKINGHAM Notional River? Authority information Centre Hood Chics NRA Class Mo National Rivers Authority Anglian Region ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 099626 INTRODUCTION Catchment management planning aims to create a consistent framework within which all the N R A ’s functions and responsibilities can be applied in a co­ ordinated manner within a particular catchment area. During this planning process, the current state of the water environment and associated land is systematically analysed and compared with appropriate standards. Where these standards are not being met or are likely to be affected in the future, the shortfalls, together with options for action to resolve them, are presented as issues in a table at the end of this brochure. YOUR VIEWS Formulation of this plan involves consulting and working with many public bodies and individuals. Your views on the issues identified are welcomed. You may also wish to comment on other matters affecting the water environment in the catchment area which you think should be examined by the NRA. Please write with your comments to the following address, from which a full copy of the consultation report may also be obtained: Bedford Ouse (Lower Reaches) Catchment Management Plan, Area Manager, National Rivers Authority, Central Area, Bromholme Lane, Brampton, Huntingdon PE18 8NE. Comments must be received by 12 July 1994. Bedford Ouse - Great Harford area. 2 WHAT IS CATCHMENT PLANNING River catchments are subject to increasing use by a wide variety of activities, many of which interact giving rise to some conflicts. The many competing demands on the water environment and the interests of users and beneficiaries must be balanced. Catchment management involves the NRA working with many people and organisations and using its authority to ensure rivers, lakes, coastal and underground waters are protected, and where possible improved, for the benefit of present and future users. The NRA uses its resources to: • Respond promptly to all reported pollution incidents and to emergencies due to flooding. • Control pollution by working with dischargers to achieve improvements and monitor effluent compliance with standards. • Maintain existing assets and invest in new ones to provide flood protection, manage and develop water resources and provide other NRA services. • Monitor, survey and investigate the existing quality of controlled waters to determine short and long term changes. • Determine, police, enforce and review conditions of water abstraction licences, discharge consents and flood defence consents in order to achieve operational objectives. • Develop fisheries; promote recreation, navigation and conservation. • Influence planning authorities to control development through Town and County Planning legislation. Alconbury Brook. 3 THE CATCHMENT The Bedford Ouse (Lower Reaches) catchment comprises that part of the River Great Ouse between Earith and Kempston, together with its tributaries. The landscape is diverse, with the rivers draining a mainly clay covered catchment, with the exception of the Hiz, Flit and Upper Ivel which flow over Chalk and Greensand rocks. CATCHMENT AREA River Great Ouse, Dolphin Hotel, St. Ives. Land heights range from 184 metres above sea level on the Chalk outcrop south west of Hitchin to virtually sea level at Earith. In spite of low annual rainfall, the clay catchments respond rapidly to rainfall, and high river flows, with overland flooding, occur. The river at Earith is also tidally influenced. CATCHMENT FACTS Area: 1556 km^ Population: 422,000(1993) 477,000 (predicted 2006) WATER QUALITY Chem ical Biological Length of river in National Length of river in Biological Water Council (NWC) Class for 1992 classes for 1992 C lass km C lass km 1A (very good) 0 A 147 IB (good) 165 B 75 2 (fair) 77 C 82 3 (poor) 6 D 87 4 (bad) 0 (Note: minor tributaries not included) 5 WATER RESOURCES Availability for resource development: Chalk - none Lower Greensand - none River Gravels - limited availability Surface Water - limited availability in winter FLOOD PROTECTION Length of statutory main river 221 km (maintained by NRA) Length of embanked main river 32 km Area protected by embanked river 34 km^ Area of natural floodplain 60 km^ NAVIGATION Length of navigable river 66 km FISHERIES Length of game fisheries 0 km Length of coarse fisheries 190 km CONSERVATION Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) 53 County Wildlife Sites 31 (including 4 SSSI’s) Scheduled Ancient Monuments 136 Great Ouse - Alconbury. LAND USE The catchment is predominantly rural with over 50% of the population living in the 8 main towns of Bedford, Letchworth, Hitchin, St Neots, Huntingdon, St Ives, Biggleswade and Flitwick. Arable farming is the primary land use, 39% being Grade 2 and 45% Grade 3. Flood meadows are an important feature of the Great Ouse Valley, as also are sand and gravel extraction works. INFRASTRUCTURE The area is well served by major road and rail networks which carry large volumes of through and commuter traffic. The A1 trunk road is proposed to be widened and upgraded to motorway standard, and bypasses are to be constructed for Bedford, Baldock and a number of other communities. DEVELOPMENT The population is expected to grow at a rate in excess of 1% per annum, with both residential and commercial development mainly occurring at the existing centres of population. Village growth is generally limited to infill only. Pressure to develop in the flood plain still exists, which not only puts the new properties at risk to flooding but also increases the risk elsewhere. The minerals industry is also active in the flood plains, which require careful planning and control to minimise flooding, drainage and water resources impacts. The ever increasing urbanisation of the catchment together with new roads, changes the pattern of run-off into the river systems with resulting quicker and higher peaks of flow. FLOOD DEFENCE With its predominantly clay catchment, rainfall events will produce flows greater than the capacity of the river channel, and use is then made of the natural floodplains to convey or store floodwaters. This happens several times each year. With towns such as Bedford, St Neots, Huntingdon and St Ives located in the historic 1947 flood plain, it is essential that floodplains are preserved. 7 Downstream of Huntingdon, flood embankments protect the communities of the Hemingfords and Houghton, and the low lying fen areas at Over. Local land drainage problems, especially on non-main river watercourses are a particular feature, where small groups of properties are flooded at times of heavy rainfall. This is often caused by lack of maintenance by the riparian owners. Essential maintenance of designated main rivers and flood embankments is FLOOD DEFENCE undertaken by the NRA, involving dredging, weed cutting, clearance of obstructions, grass cutting and operation of sluices and lock structures. Internal Drainage Boards have similar responsibilities in parts of the catchment. WATER RESOURCES The river flow in the catchment reflects rainfall, topography and surface geology. The majority of the summer flow in the Bedford Ouse is derived from sewage treatment works and run-off from the urban conurbations to the west of the catchment. There are limited water resources underground (groundwater) in the southern part of the catchment. The water stored in the Chalk and Lower Greensand contributes all year to the flows of Rivers Hiz, Flit and Upper Ivel. There is some groundwater available from river terrace and glacial sands and gravels along the main river corridor. The major demands in the catchment are as follows: (a) Surface water intake works operated by Anglian Water Services at Offord Spray irrigation. 9 abstracts water and pumps it via a pipeline to fill Grafham Water. (b) Summer demands from the Bedford Ouse include spray irrigation, and agricultural use. There is also a need to maintain the navigation levels within the system. (c) There is limited all year abstraction for industrial and agricultural purposes. WATER RESOURCES Catchment boundary Sub catchment boundary EARITH i Drain Water Availability Cessation level Control Points Winter Water: Available in all Catchments Summer Water: None Available Available subject to Cessation level at Offord Flow Gauging Stotion and Derogation/ Environmental Considerations. Abstraction is Supported by Returning Effluents to f Ouse Availability Pending Uptake of AWS Brownshill Licence and Derogation/Environmental Considerations. Subject to TempororyAime Limited Ucences Groundwater Availability None Available None Available Pending Review of Quantities Allocated to the Environment Boulder Clay Non Aquifer 10 I WATER QUALITY Generally, water quality is good along the River Great Ouse from Bedford to Earith. Locally, problems with poor quality are associated with sewage effluent discharges and urban run-off, particularly where limited dilution is available. These problem areas are most notably found in the upper reaches of the River Ivel. On the River Great Ouse at Offord there is a major abstraction which supplies Grafham Water reservoir. This is strategically important for the Anglian Water Services drinking water supply network. The reservoir has secondary amenity value, and eutrophication and blue-green
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