DOCSLIB.ORG

Liquid-Phase Dehydration of Lactic Acid for the Production of Bio-Acrylic Acid Development of a Multi-Step Process

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Liquid-Phase Dehydration of Lactic Acid for the Production of Bio-Acrylic Acid Development of a Multi-Step Process Liquid-phase dehydration of lactic acid for the production of bio-acrylic acid Development of a multi-step process Flüssigphasen-Dehydratisierung von Milchsäure zur Produktion von biobasierter Acrylsäure Entwicklung eines mehrstufigen Prozesses Der Technischen Fakultät der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg zur Erlangung des Grades DOKTOR-INGENIEUR vorgelegt von Matthias Kehrer, M. Sc. aus Nürnberg Als Dissertation genehmigt von der Technischen Fakultät der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 17. Dezember 2018 Vorsitzende/r des Promotionsorgans: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhard Lerch Gutachter/in: Prof. Dr. Peter Wasserscheid Prof. Dr. Nicolas Vogel To my family “Obstacles don’t have to stop you. If you run into a wall, don’t turn around and give up. Figure out how to climb it, go through it, or walk around it.” Michael Jordan Preface i Preface The present work was carried out in the period from May 2014 to December 2017 at the Institute of Chemical Reaction Engineering of the Friedrich-Alexander-University Er- langen-Nürnberg, headed by Prof. Dr. Peter Wasserscheid. The results presented herein where achieved within the scope of the research project “Liquid-phase dehydration of lactic acid obtained via fermentation for the production of bio-acrylic acid”, which was carried out in close collaboration with the industrial partner Procter & Gamble. At this point, I would like to dedicate personal thanks to a large number of people and their various contributions, involved in the development of this work: First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor, Prof. Dr. Peter Wasserscheid, for giving me the opportunity to be part of this interesting and exciting project and for the excellent mentoring during the entire period of this thesis. Dear Peter, I really appreciate your challenges, your advice and your trust in my work –as a result I have developed myself on a personal and professional level. Moreover, I would like express my thanks to Prof. Dr. Nicolas Vogel for kindly accept- ing the second review of this thesis and also to the other members of the PhD com- mittee. I am very thankful to my research group head, Dr. Jakob Albert, for the valuable sup- port, exciting discussions and the useful tips from the engineering perspective. In particular, I would like to thank the whole project team, namely Jens, Julian and Nicola for the energetic working atmosphere and the unlimited team spirit. Working with you was great and I enjoyed it tremendously! I am also very grateful for the excellent scientific and financial support from our in- dustrial collaboration partner P&G. Special thanks goes to Dr. Peter Dziezok and Dr. Dimitris Collias for their inexorable interest and support, the fruitful discussions and the interesting insights into the work environment of P&G. In addition, financial sup- ii port by the Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft through the Facha- gentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e.V. (FNR, Project No 22009614) is gratefully acknowl- edged. I would further like to thank all students I had the privilege to get to know or even supervise during my time at the CRT. I especially thank Vera, Katrin, Julian and Simon for their support and the pleasant and friendly collaborations. I wish you all the best of luck in your future endeavors and scientific career. Moreover, I would also like to extend my sincere thanks to all the people who have done the important and indispensable work in the background: Dear Mrs. Menuet, Mrs. Singer and Mrs. Bittan, thank you for your support concerning all administrative tasks and for the entertaining conversations. Dear Michel, Achim, Julian, Sascha and Alex, thank you for your help concerning technical and especially electrical tasks and the related and funny “sideshow”. Furthermore, I like to dedicate a special mention to the motivating, professional and personal atmosphere in the CRT group and especially in the “Green Couch Office”. It was a great time and I will miss all the diverse activities and the nice and helpful colleagues I met here over the past few years. The most important part of my acknowledgement is addressed to my whole family. Thank you for your unlimited support and the spirit of unity! My greatest “Thank you” goes to my beloved wife Varina for her motivation, her patience and her love, which is beyond comparison! You are the best thing that ever happened to me! Last but not least, I like to thank all others whose names are not mentioned here but who (in)directly contributed to the success of this PhD thesis. I really enjoyed the last 3.5 years at the CRT. All the (work) experiences I gained, the “friends for life” I made and the daily adventures are something I will remember and benefit from for the rest of my life! Publications, contributions and supervised projects iii Publications, contributions and supervised projects Parts of this work have been previously published or presented. Publications in scientific journals M. Kehrer, J. Mehler, N. Taccardi, J. Nagengast, J. Kadar, D. Collias, P. Dziezok, P. Wasserscheid and J. Albert, ChemSusChem, 2018, 11 (6), 1063-1072 J. Nagengast, S. Hahn, N. Taccardi, M. Kehrer, J. Kadar, D. Collias, P. Dziezok, P. Wasserscheid, J. Albert, ChemSusChem, 2018, Accepted Author Manuscript. doi:10.1002/cssc.201800914 Conference contributions M. Kehrer, J. Albert, P. Wasserscheid, D. Collias, oral presentation with the title “Novel liquid-phase technology for the production of bio-acrylic acid”, 2017, Jahrestreffen Deutscher Katalytiker, Weimar, Germany M. Kehrer, J. Albert, P. Wasserscheid, D. Collias, poster presentation with the title „Liquid-phase dehydration of lactic acid towards bio-acrylic acid“, 2017, International Symposium on Green Chemistry (ISGC), La Rochelle, France Patents J. Albert, P. Wasserscheid, N. Taccardi, J. Nagengast, M. Kehrer, J. Kadar, D. I. Collias, Patent WO 2018022828, 2018 J. Albert, P. Wasserscheid, N. Taccardi, J. Nagengast, M. Kehrer, J. Kadar, D. I. Collias, Patent WO 2018022826, 2018 iv J. Albert, P. Wasserscheid, N. Taccardi, J. Nagengast, M. Kehrer, J. Kadar, D. I. Collias, 14739P, US, 2017, Patent pending. Student Theses Within the frame of the research work at the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlan- gen-Nürnberg, the below listed student projects have been technically and theoreti- cally supervised by the author of this dissertation. The following student theses are not necessarily published and may only be available from the university’s library (FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg). Included raw data sets from supervised student work or references to the latter are marked with the respective number of the following direc- tory. [A] K. Huber, “Catalytic esterification of fermentatively-derived lactic acid to var- ious alpha-acyloxy derivatives”, bachelor thesis, 2015 [B] V. Haagen, “Alpha-acyloxy derivatives of fermentatively-derived lactic acid: Synthesis, characterization and suitability as intermediate towards bio-acrylic acid”, bachelor thesis, 2015 [C] J. Mehler, “Synthesis of 2-bromopropionic acid from fermentatively-derived lactic acid and its derivatives”, master thesis, 2017 Abstract v Abstract This thesis deals with the development of a novel liquid-phase dehydration process of lactic acid (LA) for the production of bio-acrylic acid (AA). The approach of dehy- drating LA in the liquid phase is expected to offer advantages over so far existing gas-phase dehydration processes and may therefore provide a technical as well eco- nomically feasible and sustainable alternative to the incumbent petro-based route. The first part of this work provides a general introduction of the developed “NADA” technology, enabling the production of AA in a liquid phase process. The one-step and HBr-triggered dehydration of LA was realized in acidic bromide ionic liquids. Subsequently, current limitations of the process using LA as substrate were ad- dressed and a multi-step processing of the technology was conceptualized, based on the postulated reaction mechanism of the liquid-phase dehydration system. In the main part of this work, a multi-step liquid-phase dehydration process for the production of bio-AA from LA, proceeding via brominated LA-species, was devel- oped. The feasibility of splitting the “NADA” process into a spatially separated reac- tion sequence of the postulated mechanism was proven. Three individual reactions, namely bromination of LA, isomerization of 2- to 3-bromopropionic acid and dehy- drobromination of 3-bromopropionic acid to AA were developed and largely opti- mized, respectively. In this context, bromide ionic liquids played a crucial role as re- action medium and/or reactant. After evaluation of the multi-step approach from LA towards bio-AA via brominated LA-species, possibilities for potential process shortcuts were finally addressed. The presented results in this thesis contribute to the understanding of AA production from LA via brominated LA-species using (acidic) bromide ILs. The developed “NADA” technology is a novel, selective and sustainable way for the production of AA from LA, contributing to a future economic production of bio-AA. vi Kurzzusammenfassung Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Flüssigphasen-Dehydratisierung von Milchsäure (LA) zur Produktion von biobasierter Acrylsäure (AA). Ein solcher und neuartiger Ansatz der Flüssigphasen-Reaktion bietet Vorteile gegenüber bestehender Gaspha- sen-Dehydratisierungsprozesse und kann damit als eine sowohl technisch wie auch ökonomisch attraktive und nachhaltige Alternative
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Microbial Biosynthesis of Lactate Esters
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Engineering -- Faculty Publications and Other Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Works 2019 Microbial biosynthesis of lactate esters Jong-Won Lee University of Tennessee, Knoxville Cong T. Trinh University of Tennessee, Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chembiopubs Recommended Citation Lee, Jong-Won and Trinh, Cong T., "Microbial biosynthesis of lactate esters" (2019). Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chembiopubs/103 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Engineering -- Faculty Publications and Other Works at Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering by an authorized administrator of Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Lee and Trinh Biotechnol Biofuels (2019) 12:226 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-019-1563-z Biotechnology for Biofuels RESEARCH Open Access Microbial biosynthesis of lactate esters Jong‑Won Lee1,2 and Cong T. Trinh1,2,3* Abstract Background: Green organic solvents such as lactate esters have broad industrial applications and favorable envi‑ ronmental profles. Thus, manufacturing and use of these biodegradable solvents from renewable feedstocks help beneft the environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Your Reliable Partner DELIVERING SAFE and QUALITATIVE PRODUCTS for HIGH PERFORMANCE SOLUTIONS
    Your reliable partner DELIVERING SAFE AND QUALITATIVE PRODUCTS FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE SOLUTIONS corbion.com/biochemicals Why Corbion? Advanced technology and R&D At Corbion, we engage in ongoing R&D efforts to improve performance and sustainability of our products and processes. Consistent high quality Corbion has mastered the production technology to make high purity, high performance lactic acid, derivatives and lactides at industrial scale. Corbion factory in The Netherlands 100 100 years of experience Corbion has 100 years of experience in sales, application development and industrial scale production. Corbion is the global market leader in lactic acid, derivatives and lactides. Your reliable Global presence With 10 production facilities and sales offices on every partner continent, we are always close by to help you with your application development. All our products are available at an industrial scale Innovation and Application Our innovation and Application centers are focused on your Safer and more friendly for our planet challenges of tomorrow. Our technical team of chemist, analytical Corbion produces high quality lactic acid and derivatives and application technologist are available to provide you with using a biochemical fermentation process by efficient customized solutions. conversion of sugars. Corbion products are regarded as safe, offering a good alternative to traditional products that Deliveries have become under increased regulatory pressure. Corbion works on continuous improvement of its delivery times and reliability. Working to improve consistency within the supply chain is making the network more responsive while streamlining operations. Prevention Corbion deploys prevention activities in our plants and throughout our supply chain in order to avoid the occurrence of incidents.
    [Show full text]
  • Fermentation and Ester Taints
    Fermentation and Ester Taints Anita Oberholster Introduction: Aroma Compounds • Grape‐derived –provide varietal distinction • Yeast and fermentation‐derived – Esters – Higher alcohols – Carbonyls – Volatile acids – Volatile phenols – Sulfur compounds What is and Esters? • Volatile molecule • Characteristic fruity and floral aromas • Esters are formed when an alcohol and acid react with each other • Few esters formed in grapes • Esters in wine ‐ two origins: – Enzymatic esterification during fermentation – Chemical esterification during long‐term storage Ester Formation • Esters can by formed enzymatically by both the plant and microbes • Microbes – Yeast (Non‐Saccharomyces and Saccharomyces yeast) – Lactic acid bacteria – Acetic acid bacteria • But mainly produced by yeast (through lipid and acetyl‐CoA metabolism) Ester Formation Alcohol function Keto acid‐Coenzyme A Ester Ester Classes • Two main groups – Ethyl esters – Acetate esters • Ethyl esters = EtOH + acid • Acetate esters = acetate (derivative of acetic acid) + EtOH or complex alcohol from amino acid metabolism Ester Classes • Acetate esters – Ethyl acetate (solvent‐like aroma) – Isoamyl acetate (banana aroma) – Isobutyl acetate (fruit aroma) – Phenyl ethyl acetate (roses, honey) • Ethyl esters – Ethyl hexanoate (aniseed, apple‐like) – Ethyl octanoate (sour apple aroma) Acetate Ester Formation • 2 Main factors influence acetate ester formation – Concentration of two substrates acetyl‐CoA and fusel alcohol – Activity of enzyme responsible for formation and break down reactions • Enzyme activity influenced by fermentation variables – Yeast – Composition of fermentation medium – Fermentation conditions Acetate/Ethyl Ester Formation – Fermentation composition and conditions • Total sugar content and optimal N2 amount pos. influence • Amount of unsaturated fatty acids and O2 neg. influence • Ethyl ester formation – 1 Main factor • Conc. of precursors – Enzyme activity smaller role • Higher fermentation temp formation • C and N increase small effect Saerens et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of Hollow Fiber Supported Liquid Membrane As a Chemical Reactor for Esterification of Lactic Acid and Ethanol to Ethyl Lactate
    Korean J. Chem. Eng., 33(1), 8-13 (2016) pISSN: 0256-1115 DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0233-5 eISSN: 1975-7220 RAPID COMMUNICATION INVITED REVIEW PAPER Application of hollow fiber supported liquid membrane as a chemical reactor for esterification of lactic acid and ethanol to ethyl lactate Thanyarutt Teerachaiyapat and Prakorn Ramakul† Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand (Received 11 August 2015 • accepted 6 November 2015) Abstract−Hollow fiber supported liquid membrane was applied as a reactor to synthesize ethyl lactate from lactic acid. Lactic acid in the feed solution was extracted by tri-n-octylamine (TOA) and stripped by ethanol with p-toluene sulfonic acid acting as the catalyst to form ethyl lactate. Central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the significant factors and their interactions. The response surface was applied for optimization. An optimized yield of 30% was predicted and its validity was evaluated by comparison with experimental results at different concentrations of lac- tic acid in the feed solution, with good agreement achieved. Keywords: Liquid Membrane, Hollow Fiber, Ethyl Lactate, Lactic Acid, CCD INTRODUCTION acid and ethanol because both can be produced in large quantities by fermentation. The esterification between lactic acid and etha- Liquid membrane processes have been promising methods for nol is an equilibrium-limited reaction. Higher yields of ethyl lac- metal ion and organic compound separation. They have received tate can be obtained by shifting the reaction towards products by considerable attention due to the advantages of combining extraction hybrid processes, such as pervaporation-aided reactor and reac- and stripping processes in one stage, as well as non-equilibrium tive distillation instead of using a large excess of reactants.
    [Show full text]
  • Green Solvents….Changing the Future
    Green Solvents- A sustainable option Sangeeta Srivastava Godavari Biorefineries Limited Mumbai www.somaiya.com Solvents!!!! • Playa major rolein manyareas of technology • Provide many opportunities for improvement of environmental aspects. • Represent a very large proportion of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released into theatmosphere. • Used in coating, cleaning, extraction, reaction, energy control, mixing etc. What are Green Solvents? • Chemicals arising from fermentation and renewable resources • Minimizetheuseand generation of hazardous substances • Theymeet thegoal to minimizeenvironmental impact • Therefore Theyare–A sustainableOption. Market of Green & Biosolvent • The market size, in terms of value--about USD 5.58 Billion in 2015 and is projected to reach USD 8.17 Billion by 2020, at a CAGR of 7.94% between 2015 and 2020. • The green and bio-solvents market, along with its applications, witnessed a moderate-to-high growth in the past few years and is likely to continue so in the in the coming years. • Bio-solvents have made rapid incursions into a variety of end-use segments such as printing inks, coatings, edible oil adhesives, food processing, and cleaning products, among others. • Regulatory mandates for the printing ink industry have set stringent guidelines for the use of solvents, thereby driving the increased use of bio-solvents in the printing ink industry. Principles of Green Chemistry Prevention Inherently safer chemistry for Atom Economy accident prevention Real-time analysis for pollution prevention Less Hazardous
    [Show full text]
  • Process Intensification for the Green Solvent Ethyl Lactate Production Based on Simulated Moving Bed and Pervaporation Membrane Reactors
    Process Intensification for the Green Solvent Ethyl Lactate Production based on Simulated Moving Bed and Pervaporation Membrane Reactors A Dissertation Presented to the Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto for the degree of PhD in Chemical and Biological Engineering by Carla Sofia Marques Pereira Supervised by Professor Alírio Egídio Rodrigues and Dr. Viviana Manuela Tenedório Matos da Silva Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Associate Laboratory LSRE/LCM Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto October 2009 FEUP-LSRE/LCM - Universidade do Porto © Carla Sofia Marques Pereira, 2009 All rights reserved Acknowledgements First of all, I want to thank my supervisors, Professor Alírio Rodrigues and Dr Viviana Silva. Professor Alírio, thank you for all the friendship, constant support and for always challenging me to reach higher goals within my work. Dr. Viviana, I want to thank you for all the encouragement, motivation, constant support, for all the long discussions and great ideas that make me go further and further within my work, and, also, for being a truly and special friend. I am very grateful to Professor Simão Pinho, for the friendship and all the support in the framework of the project “POCI/EQU/61580/2004” and to Professor Madalena Dias for the support whenever needed. To all my LSRE colleagues, especially Israel Pedruzzi, Pedro Sá Gomes, Michael Zabka, João Santos, Miguel Granato, João Pedro Lopes, Alexandre Ferreira and Nuno Lourenço for the friendship, collaboration, and support whenever I needed. To my primary school teacher, Professor João Aveiro, for always believing in me and keeping me motivated along the years.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable and Safer Solvent Alternatives
    Green Sustainable and safer up! solvent alternatives The life science business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany operates as MilliporeSigma in the U.S. and Canada. Green Bio-based and synthetic- based sustainable and safer up! solvent alternatives The products we create help our customers improve people’s lives every day. But we realize that everything we make also has an environmental impact. That’s why we are committed to continually enhancing the sustainability of our products, and adopting environmentally friendly chemical processes. What’s more, we strive to make your daily work with solvents safer by offering less toxic alternatives. Our advances include bio-based solvents that avoid the use of non-renewable resources, as well as safer substitutes for commonly used solvents that pose health or environmental concerns. While these products are more ecological, they maintain the trusted quality and reliability of the Supelco® brand. It’s sustainable and safer chemistry – perfected for your intended use. Learn more about our greener solvents: SigmaAldrich.com/ greener-solvents Bio-Based Solvents One of the sustainable initiatives we actively pursue is the change from solvents based on synthetic chemicals to those from renewable raw materials. Whenever possible, we favor chemical products which preserve functional efficacy while reducing toxicity and environmental impact. Since their supply risk is independent of petrochemical production, bio-based solvents are also reliably available. Furthermore, production processes are safer for the environment than with fossil-based solvents. Bio-Based Ethanol Instead of synthetic ethanol, we use Product description Qty/Pk Cat. No. bioethanol produced from grain or sugar Bio-Based Ethanol cane.
    [Show full text]
  • Lactic Acid from Fermentation Broth: Process Modeling) อาจารย์ที่ปรึกษา : รองศาสตราจารย์.ดร.อภิชาติ บุญทาวัน, 106 หน้า
    PRODUCTION OF HIGH PURITY OF D-(-)-LACTIC ACID FROM FERMENTATION BROTH: PROCESS MODELING Trang Khanh Mai A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biotechnology Suranaree University of Technology Academic Year 2017 การผลติ กรดดแี ลคต กิ ความบริสุทธ์ิสูง จากน ้าหมัก: การจ าลองกระบวนการ นางสาวทรัง คัน ใหม่ วทิ ยานิพนธ์นีเ้ ป็ นส่วนหนึ่งของการศึกษาตามหลกั สูตรปริญญาวทิ ยาศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต สาขาวิชาเทคโนโลยีชีวภาพ มหาวทิ ยาลัยเทคโนโลยสี ุรนารี ปีการศึกษา 2560 I ใหม ่ คนั ทรัง : การผลิตกรดดีแลคติกความบริสุทธ์ิสูงจากน้า หมกั : การจาลองกระบวนการ (PRODUCTION OF HIGH PURITY D-(-)-LACTIC ACID FROM FERMENTATION BROTH: PROCESS MODELING) อาจารย์ที่ปรึกษา : รองศาสตราจารย์.ดร.อภิชาติ บุญทาวัน, 106 หน้า. กรดดีแลคติกเป็นสารเคมีที่มีความสาคัญ สามารถนา มาใช้ในอุตสาหกรรมยาอุตสาหกรรม เครื่องส าอาง อุตสาหกรรมอาหาร รวมถึงการใช้ในการผลิตพอลิเมอร์ย่อยสลายทางชีวภาพ เช่นเดียวกบั พอลิเมอร์ที่ผลิตโดยปิ โตรเคมีทว่ั ไป กรดดีแลคติคส่วนใหญ่สามารถผลิตได้โดย กระบวนการหมกั จากแหล่งอาหารชีวภาพ อยา่ งไรก็ตามกรดแลคติกที่ไดจ้ ากการหมกั จะตอ้ งผา่ น ข้นั ตอนการทา บริสุทธ์ิ เนื่องจากหลงั จากกระบวนการหมกั จะมีความบริสุทธ์ิของผลิตภณั ฑ์ต่า ใน การศึกษาน้ีมีการใช้เทคนิคการทา บริสุทธ์ิโดยใช้เมมเบรนชนิดนาโนฟิลเตรชัน และเทคนิค เพอร์แวปพอเรชนั ร่วมกบั ปฏิกิริยาเอสเทอริฟิเคชนั ในการทา บริสุทธ์ิกรดดีแลคติกจากน้า หมกั ท้งั น้ี มีการใช้เมมเบรนนาโนฟิลเตรชันที่มีลักษณะแบบเกลียว ซึ่งเป็นเทคนิคที่ใช้ส าหรับการปรับสภาพ น้า หมกั ที่ช่วยในการกา จดั โปรตีนและสารสีตา่ ง ๆ โดยทาให้ มีความบริสุทธ์ิของกรดดีแลคติกสูงข้ึน (93.4 เปอร์เซ็นต์) จากน้า
    [Show full text]
  • 9630 Ethyl Lactate
    9630 Ethyl Lactate MG Chemicals UK Limited Version No: A-1.01 Issue Date: 11/06/2019 Safety Data Sheet (Conforms to Regulation (EU) No 2015/830) Revision Date: 18/03/2020 L.REACH.GBR.EN SECTION 1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE / MIXTURE AND OF THE COMPANY / UNDERTAKING 1.1. Product Identifier Product name 9630 Synonyms SDS Code: 9630-Liquid; 9630-945ML, 9630-3.78L Other means of identification Ethyl Lactate 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Relevant identified uses solvent Uses advised against Not Applicable 1.3. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Registered company name MG Chemicals UK Limited MG Chemicals (Head office) Heame House, 23 Bilston Street, Sedgely Dudley DY3 1JA United Address 9347 - 193 Street Surrey V4N 4E7 British Columbia Canada Kingdom Telephone +(44) 1663 362888 +(1) 800-201-8822 Fax Not Available +(1) 800-708-9888 Website Not Available www.mgchemicals.com Email [email protected] [email protected] 1.4. Emergency telephone number Association / Organisation Verisk 3E (Access code: 335388) Emergency telephone numbers +(44) 20 35147487 Other emergency telephone +(0) 800 680 0425 numbers SECTION 2 HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 2.1. Classification of the substance or mixture Classification according to H226 - Flammable Liquid Category 3, H318 - Serious Eye Damage Category 1, H335 - Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure Category 3 regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (respiratory tract irritation) [CLP] [1] Legend: 1. Classified by Chemwatch; 2. Classification drawn from Regulation (EU) No 1272/2008 - Annex VI 2.2. Label elements Hazard pictogram(s) SIGNAL WORD DANGER Hazard statement(s) H226 Flammable liquid and vapour.
    [Show full text]
  • Hazard Summary Identification Reason for Citation How to Determine If You Are Being Exposed Workplace Exposure Limits Ways of Re
    Common Name: ETHYL LACTATE CAS Number: 97-64-3 RTK Substance number: 0893 DOT Number: UN 1192 Date: March 1999 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- HAZARD SUMMARY WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS * Ethyl Lactate can affect you when breathed in and may No occupational exposure limits have been established for be absorbed through the skin. Ethyl Lactate. This does not mean that this substance is not * Prolonged contact can irritate the skin and eyes. harmful. Safe work practices should always be followed. * Breathing Ethyl Lactate may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and passing out. * It should be recognized that Ethyl Lactate may be absorbed through your skin, thereby increasing your IDENTIFICATION exposure. Ethyl Lactate is a colorless liquid with a mild odor. It is used as a solvent for dyes, lacquers, paints, enamels, nitrocellulose, WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE cellulose ethers, and resins, in the manufacture of safety glass * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust and stencil paper, and as an additive for food and cosmetics. ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be REASON FOR CITATION worn. * Ethyl Lactate is on the Hazardous Substance List because * Wear protective work clothing. it is cited by DOT and NFPA. * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Ethyl * Definitions are provided on page 5. Lactate and at the end of the workshift. * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING addition, as part of an ongoing education and training EXPOSED effort, communicate all information on the health and The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers safety hazards of Ethyl Lactate to potentially exposed to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public workers.
    [Show full text]
  • Recovery and Purification of Lactic Acid from Fermentation Broth by Adsorption Roque Lagman Evangelista Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1994 Recovery and purification of lactic acid from fermentation broth by adsorption Roque Lagman Evangelista Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Agriculture Commons, Chemical Engineering Commons, and the Food Science Commons Recommended Citation Evangelista, Roque Lagman, "Recovery and purification of lactic acid from fermentation broth by adsorption " (1994). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 11252. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/11252 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMl films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photogr^hs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]
  • L (+) Lactic Acid Fermentation and Its Product Polymerization
    Electronic Journal of Biotechnology ISSN: 0717-3458 Vol.7 No.2, Issue of August 15, 2004 © 2004 by Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso -- Chile Received May 09, 2004 / Accepted June 10, 2004 REVIEW ARTICLE L (+) lactic acid fermentation and its product polymerization Niju Narayanan Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi – 110016, India Tel: 91-11-26591001 Fax: 91-11-26582282 E-mail: [email protected] Pradip K. Roychoudhury Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi – 110016, India Tel: 91-11-26591011 Fax: 91-11-26582282 E-mail: [email protected] Aradhana Srivastava* Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi – 110016, India Tel: 91-11-26596192 Fax: 91-11-26582282 E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: bioprocesses, fermentation, L (+) lactic acid, Lactobacillus sp., polymerization. Lactic acid has been first introduced to us as early as Massachusetts, USA in 1881. Lactic acid can be 1780 as a sour component of milk. Ever since we have manufactured by (a) Chemical synthesis or (b) found its applications in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic Carbohydrate fermentation. industries etc. Now there are emerging uses as a potential feedstock for the biodegradable polymer CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS industry. The microorganisms being used for lactic acid fermentation, the raw materials reported, the various The commercial process for chemical synthesis is based on novel fermentation processes and its processing methods lactonitrile. Hydrogen cyanide is added to acetaldehyde in have been reviewed. The properties and applications of the presence of a base to produce lactonitrile.
    [Show full text]