PLAGUE STUDIES * 6. Hosts of the Infection R
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Parasitism of Persian Jird by Immature Stages of Hyalomma Asiaticum (Acari: Ixodidae) and Its Identification Using Molecular Approaches in Iran
Archive of SID Persian J. Acarol., 2018, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 313–392. http://dx.doi.org/10.22073/pja.v7i4.39233 Journal homepage: http://www.biotaxa.org/pja Article The parasitism of Persian jird by immature stages of Hyalomma asiaticum (Acari: Ixodidae) and its identification using molecular approaches in Iran Asadollah Hosseini Chegeni1, 2, Ehsan Mostafavi3, 4, Ali Mohammadi3, 4, Ahmad Mahmoudi3, 4 and Mohammad Hassan Kayedi5* 1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lorestan, Lorestan, Iran; E-mail: hosseinichegeni @gmail.com 2. Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran. 3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; E-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 4. National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar Ahang, Hamadan, Iran. 5.Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; E-mail: [email protected] * Corresponding author ABSTRACT In the present study, occurrence of Hyalomma asiaticum on wild rodents was explored. Rodents were trapped using Sherman traps. The tick specimens were collected by forceps from the rodents. Overall, one larva and 59 nymphs of immature ticks were collected on 23 Meriones persicus from three different locations in western Iran. A 408 bp length fragment of nuclear 5.8S/internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) genes was amplified in 60 examined tick specimens using PCR, of which one sample was sequenced, successfully. -
Fleas, Hosts and Habitat: What Can We Predict About the Spread of Vector-Borne Zoonotic Diseases?
2010 Fleas, Hosts and Habitat: What can we predict about the spread of vector-borne zoonotic diseases? Ph.D. Dissertation Megan M. Friggens School of Forestry I I I \, l " FLEAS, HOSTS AND HABITAT: WHAT CAN WE PREDICT ABOUT THE SPREAD OF VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOTIC DISEASES? by Megan M. Friggens A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Forest Science Northern Arizona University May 2010 ?Jii@~-~-u-_- Robert R. Parmenter, Ph. D. ~",l(*~ l.~ Paulette L. Ford, Ph. D. --=z:r-J'l1jU~ David M. Wagner, Ph. D. ABSTRACT FLEAS, HOSTS AND HABITAT: WHAT CAN WE PREDICT ABOUT THE SPREAD OF VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOTIC DISEASES? MEGAN M. FRIGGENS Vector-borne diseases of humans and wildlife are experiencing resurgence across the globe. I examine the dynamics of flea borne diseases through a comparative analysis of flea literature and analyses of field data collected from three sites in New Mexico: The Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, the Sandia Mountains and the Valles Caldera National Preserve (VCNP). My objectives were to use these analyses to better predict and manage for the spread of diseases such as plague (Yersinia pestis). To assess the impact of anthropogenic disturbance on flea communities, I compiled and analyzed data from 63 published empirical studies. Anthropogenic disturbance is associated with conditions conducive to increased transmission of flea-borne diseases. Most measures of flea infestation increased with increasing disturbance or peaked at intermediate levels of disturbance. Future trends of habitat and climate change will probably favor the spread of flea-borne disease. -
Norntates PUBLISHED by the AMERICAN MUSEUM of NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST at 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y
AMERICAN MUSEUM Norntates PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 Number 3052, 19 pp., 9 figures, 1 table December 14, 1992 Sucking Lice (Insecta, Anoplura) from Indigenous Sulawesi Rodents: a New Species of Polyplax from a Montane Shrew Rat, and New Information About Polyplax wallacei and P. eropepli LANCE A. DURDEN' AND GUY G. MUSSER2 ABSTRACT Polyplax melasmothrixi, a new species of po- from Eropeplus canus from tropical upper mon- lyplacid sucking louse, is described from Melas- tane rain forest also in Central Sulawesi. Host and mothrix naso, a small-bodied shrew rat known habitat associations for these three species ofsuck- only from tropical upper montane rain forest in ing lice are discussed. Polyplax melasmothrixi and Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The male ofPolyplax P. eropepli are both known only from montane wallacei is described from specimens collected from habitats in Central Sulawesi and both appear to Bunomys chrysocomus trapped in tropical lowland be host specific (to M. naso and E. canus, respec- evergreen rain forest in Central Sulawesi. A further tively). Contrastingly, P. wallacei parasitizes two specimen ofPolyplax eropepli, a taxon previously species ofBunomys in lowland forests and is known known only from the type series, is documented from North and Central Sulawesi. INTRODUCTION Melasmothrix naso, Bunomys chrysoco- Musser and Holden, 1991). The shrew rat, mus, and Eropeplus canus are three murine M. naso, and the large-bodied E. canus have rodents found only in forests on the Indo- been recorded only from montane rainforest nesian island of Sulawesi (Musser, 1987; formations in the mountainous central part I Assistant Professor and Assistant Curator, Institute of Arthropodology and Parasitology, Georgia Southern Uni- versity, Landrum Box 8056, Statesboro, Georgia 30460. -
Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus
STATUS AND PROTECTION OF GLOBALLY THREATENED SPECIES IN THE CAUCASUS CEPF Biodiversity Investments in the Caucasus Hotspot 2004-2009 Edited by Nugzar Zazanashvili and David Mallon Tbilisi 2009 The contents of this book do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of CEPF, WWF, or their sponsoring organizations. Neither the CEPF, WWF nor any other entities thereof, assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product or process disclosed in this book. Citation: Zazanashvili, N. and Mallon, D. (Editors) 2009. Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus. Tbilisi: CEPF, WWF. Contour Ltd., 232 pp. ISBN 978-9941-0-2203-6 Design and printing Contour Ltd. 8, Kargareteli st., 0164 Tbilisi, Georgia December 2009 The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is a joint initiative of l’Agence Française de Développement, Conservation International, the Global Environment Facility, the Government of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. This book shows the effort of the Caucasus NGOs, experts, scientific institutions and governmental agencies for conserving globally threatened species in the Caucasus: CEPF investments in the region made it possible for the first time to carry out simultaneous assessments of species’ populations at national and regional scales, setting up strategies and developing action plans for their survival, as well as implementation of some urgent conservation measures. Contents Foreword 7 Acknowledgments 8 Introduction CEPF Investment in the Caucasus Hotspot A. W. Tordoff, N. Zazanashvili, M. Bitsadze, K. Manvelyan, E. Askerov, V. Krever, S. Kalem, B. Avcioglu, S. Galstyan and R. Mnatsekanov 9 The Caucasus Hotspot N. -
Quaternary Murid Rodents of Timor Part I: New Material of Coryphomys Buehleri Schaub, 1937, and Description of a Second Species of the Genus
QUATERNARY MURID RODENTS OF TIMOR PART I: NEW MATERIAL OF CORYPHOMYS BUEHLERI SCHAUB, 1937, AND DESCRIPTION OF A SECOND SPECIES OF THE GENUS K. P. APLIN Australian National Wildlife Collection, CSIRO Division of Sustainable Ecosystems, Canberra and Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History ([email protected]) K. M. HELGEN Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington and Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History ([email protected]) BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Number 341, 80 pp., 21 figures, 4 tables Issued July 21, 2010 Copyright E American Museum of Natural History 2010 ISSN 0003-0090 CONTENTS Abstract.......................................................... 3 Introduction . ...................................................... 3 The environmental context ........................................... 5 Materialsandmethods.............................................. 7 Systematics....................................................... 11 Coryphomys Schaub, 1937 ........................................... 11 Coryphomys buehleri Schaub, 1937 . ................................... 12 Extended description of Coryphomys buehleri............................ 12 Coryphomys musseri, sp.nov.......................................... 25 Description.................................................... 26 Coryphomys, sp.indet.............................................. 34 Discussion . .................................................... -
How Will Climate Change Affect the Temporal and Spatial Distributions Of
Evolutionary Ecology Research, 2018, 19: 215–226 How will climate change affect the temporal and spatial distributions of a reservoir host, the Indian gerbil (Tatera indica), and the spread of zoonotic diseases that it carries? Kordiyeh Hamidi1, Saeed Mohammadi2 and Naeimeh Eskandarzadeh3 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, 2Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran and 3Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan Branch, Shirvan, Iran ABSTRACT Background: The Indian gerbil (Tatera indica) is a main reservoir host of cutaneous leish- maniasis, a great public health problem in many rural areas of Iran. Questions: How do climatic variables affect the habitat suitability and distribution of T. indica? How will changes in climatic variables affect the spatial distribution of T. indica across Iran? Will those changes influence the outbreak regions of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis? Organism: The Indian gerbil, T. indica, a rodent. Analytical methods: Maximum entropy modelling (MaxEnt) to predict suitable regions and the potential distribution of this gerbil in the present and future in Iran. Results: Species distribution models revealed the four variables most effective in determining Indian gerbil occurrence: the mean precipitation of the year’s driest month; the seasonality of precipitation; the mean temperature of the warmest quarter of the year; and the mean temperature of the wettest quarter. According to our model, the southern parts of Iran have the most suitable habitat for T. indica. With global climate change, suitable habitats for the gerbil will increase considerably in Iran spreading outwards toward the southwest, centrally, and the northeast. -
Checklist of Rodents and Insectivores of the Mordovia, Russia
ZooKeys 1004: 129–139 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1004.57359 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Checklist of rodents and insectivores of the Mordovia, Russia Alexey V. Andreychev1, Vyacheslav A. Kuznetsov1 1 Department of Zoology, National Research Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaya Street, 68. 430005, Saransk, Russia Corresponding author: Alexey V. Andreychev ([email protected]) Academic editor: R. López-Antoñanzas | Received 7 August 2020 | Accepted 18 November 2020 | Published 16 December 2020 http://zoobank.org/C127F895-B27D-482E-AD2E-D8E4BDB9F332 Citation: Andreychev AV, Kuznetsov VA (2020) Checklist of rodents and insectivores of the Mordovia, Russia. ZooKeys 1004: 129–139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57359 Abstract A list of 40 species is presented of the rodents and insectivores collected during a 15-year period from the Republic of Mordovia. The dataset contains more than 24,000 records of rodent and insectivore species from 23 districts, including Saransk. A major part of the data set was obtained during expedition research and at the biological station. The work is based on the materials of our surveys of rodents and insectivo- rous mammals conducted in Mordovia using both trap lines and pitfall arrays using traditional methods. Keywords Insectivores, Mordovia, rodents, spatial distribution Introduction There is a need to review the species composition of rodents and insectivores in all regions of Russia, and the work by Tovpinets et al. (2020) on the Crimean Peninsula serves as an example of such research. Studies of rodent and insectivore diversity and distribution have a long history, but there are no lists for many regions of Russia of Copyright A.V. -
Bush Meat Trade in Makurdi Metropolis; Implications for the Conservation of Wildlife in Nigeria
Tee et al. J. Appl. Biosci. 2012 Bush meat trade in Makurdi; implications for conservation of wildlife in Nigeria Journal of Applied Biosciences 52: 3704 – 3715 ISSN 1997–5902 Bush meat trade in Makurdi Metropolis; implications for the conservation of wildlife in Nigeria Tee 1 T.N. *, Ikpa 2 T.F and Tortange 1 V. 1Department of Social and Environmental Forestry, University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria. 2Department of wildlife and Range Management, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] , Phone +2348053448726, +2348094948262. Originally Submitted on 30 th January 2012. Published online at www.m.elewa.org on April 30, 2012. ABSTRACT Objective: To examine how bush meat trading processes could be adapted as a conduit for tackling the threatening disappearance of wildlife resources from their habitat in Nigeria. Methodology and results: Bush meat trade species in Makurdi metropolis were identified, and their sources and channels of trade and profitability determined through participatory market survey techniques. Applying a multistage sampling technique, 179 bush meat traders were identified and their trading activities monitored between February and August, 2010. Data were analysed on Excel and SPSS 14.0 software version. Fourteen bush meat species obtained from protected areas in Bauchi, Cross-River and Taraba states; over 300km away from the metropolis, were identified and 6074 dry bush meat carcasses were traded over the study period. The bush meat trade, channelling from primary suppliers through middlemen to the ultimate consumers was profitable. Conclusions and application of findings: Bush meat is widely consumed in Makurdi metropolis, and the numerous bush meat carcasses traded depicts the existent exploitation pressure on wildlife; and threat to their sustainability. -
Comparative Geographic Variation of Selected Southern African Gerbils
Comparative geographic variation of selected southern African gerbils by Tondani Madeleine Ramantswana Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Zoology) at the University of Stellenbosch Supervisors: Dr. Ramugondo Victor Rambau Co-supervisor: Prof. Bettine Jansen van Vuuren Faculty of Science DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology Department of Botany and Zoology January 2013 Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration By submitting this dissertation, I declare that the entirety of the work contained herein is my own, original work, and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for a degree at any academic institution for obtaining any qualification. Tondani Madeleine Ramantswana Date: January 2013 Copyright© 2013 University of Stellenbosch All rights reserved Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za Abstract The aims of this study were to describe and compare the geographic variation of D. auricularis and G. paeba, and determine whether the four recognised subspecies of the latter species are validusing traditional morphometrics and molecular data based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene.The traditional morphometric analyses were based on 12 cranial variables taken from 89 specimens from 54 localities forD.auricularis and 48 G. paeba specimens from 25 localities. Variables from both males and females were combined since univariate and multivariate analyses revealed there was no sexual dimorphism in the two species(Wilks' lambda, Λ = 0,942; p = 0.78 for D. auricularis and Λ = 0, 81; p = 0.82 for G. paeba). Univariate analysis revealed significant age variation and only age class II and IIIwere used for both species(for D. -
Information to Users
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type o f computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A B ell & Howell Iiiformation Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 University of Oklahoma Graduate College A Geography of Extinction: Patterns in the Contraction of Geographic Ranges A Dissertation SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Robert B. -
Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinformation 64 (2018) 249–255
Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinformation 64 (2018) 249–255 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinformation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jag Research Paper Detecting plague-host abundance from space: Using a spectral vegetation MARK index to identify occupancy of great gerbil burrows ⁎ Liesbeth I. Wilschuta,b, , Johan A.P. Heesterbeekb, Mike Begonc, Steven M. de Jonga, Vladimir Ageyevd, Anne Laudisoitc,e, Elisabeth A. Addinka a Utrecht University, Department of Physical Geography, Heidelberglaan 2, PO Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands b Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands c Ecology Evolution and Genomics of Infectious Disease Research Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK d Anti-Plague Institute, M. Aikimbayev’s Kazakh Science Centre for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases, 14 Kapalskaya Street, Almaty 050074, Kazakhstan e Evolutionary Biology Group, University of Antwerp, 171, Groenenborgerlaan, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: In Kazakhstan, plague outbreaks occur when its main host, the great gerbil, exceeds an abundance threshold. Plague These live in family groups in burrows, which can be mapped using remote sensing. Occupancy (percentage of Yersinia pestis burrows occupied) is a good proxy for abundance and hence the possibility of an outbreak. Here we use time Infectious disease series of satellite images to estimate occupancy remotely. Great gerbil In April and September 2013, 872 burrows were identified in the field as either occupied or empty. For Population abundance satellite images acquired between April and August, ‘burrow objects’ were identified and matched to the field NDVI ff fi Object-based image analysis burrows. -
Convergent Evolution of Himalayan Marmot with Some High-Altitude Animals Through ND3 Protein
animals Article Convergent Evolution of Himalayan Marmot with Some High-Altitude Animals through ND3 Protein Ziqiang Bao, Cheng Li, Cheng Guo * and Zuofu Xiang * College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; [email protected] (Z.B.); [email protected] (C.L.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (C.G.); [email protected] (Z.X.); Tel.: +86-731-5623392 (C.G. & Z.X.); Fax: +86-731-5623498 (C.G. & Z.X.) Simple Summary: The Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana) lives on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and may display plateau-adapted traits similar to other high-altitude species according to the principle of convergent evolution. We assessed 20 species (marmot group (n = 11), plateau group (n = 8), and Himalayan marmot), and analyzed their sequence of CYTB gene, CYTB protein, and ND3 protein. We found that the ND3 protein of Himalayan marmot plays an important role in adaptation to life on the plateau and would show a history of convergent evolution with other high-altitude animals at the molecular level. Abstract: The Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana) mainly lives on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and it adopts multiple strategies to adapt to high-altitude environments. According to the principle of convergent evolution as expressed in genes and traits, the Himalayan marmot might display similar changes to other local species at the molecular level. In this study, we obtained high-quality sequences of the CYTB gene, CYTB protein, ND3 gene, and ND3 protein of representative species (n = 20) from NCBI, and divided them into the marmot group (n = 11), the plateau group (n = 8), and the Himalayan marmot (n = 1).