Ep. 21 the Firsts • Notes
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Sunnis and Shiites When Muhammad Died in 622 AD, There Was Debate Among His Followers Over Who Should Replace Him As the Leader of the Umma, the Islamic Community
Sunnis and Shiites When Muhammad died in 622 AD, there was debate among his followers over who should replace him as the leader of the umma, the Islamic community. Abu Bakr, Muhammad’s father-in-law, was chosen as his successor. Shiites, however, hold that Muhammad had promised leadership to Ali, his cousin and son-in-law (Ali was married to Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah) and his first male follower. Ali was still rather young, and Shiites hold that he allowed Abu Bakr to claim leadership to avoid conflict in the community. Ali bided his time, and when Umar (Abu Bakr’s successor) died he was a leading nominee to become the new caliph, though he was passed over again in favor of Uthman. When Uthman was assassinated, Ali finally became caliph. Conflict immediately broke out between Ali and other Muslims, including Muawiya, the governor of Syria. These opponents of Ali wanted him to hand over the assassins of Uthman. Ali did not, or could not, do this. The Islamic community became divided between supporters and opponents of Ali. The word Shiite comes from this period and is derived from shia, which means “party” or “faction” (of Ali). In 661 AD, Ali was murdered during prayers. Muawiya took over as caliph. He made Ali’s eldest son, Hasan, promise to not claim the caliphate and to retire from public life. Muawiya, however, was not from the family of Muhammad, but instead from the powerful Umayyad family that had long opposed Muhammad. In addition, he proclaimed his son as his successor, creating a hereditary dynasty in breach of Islamic tradition. -
Islamic Finance” After State-Sponsored Capitalist Islamism
Working Paper ”Islamic Finance” After State-Sponsored Capitalist Islamism Mahmoud A. El-Gamal, Ph.D. Chair in Islamic Economics, Finance and Management, Rice University Rice Faculty Scholar, Baker Institute for Public Policy © 2017 by the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy of Rice University This material may be quoted or reproduced without prior permission, provided appropriate credit is given to the author and the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy. Wherever feasible, papers are reviewed by outside experts before they are released. However, the research and views expressed in this paper are those of the individual researcher(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy. This paper is a work in progress and has not been submitted for editorial review. “Islamic Finance” after State-Sponsored Capitalist-Islamism Mahmoud A. El-Gamal Rice University December 2017 Abstract During the late part of the nineteenth century CE, nationalist-Islamism emerged as a theology of liberation from the realities of European colonialism under which most Muslims lived. This form of Islamism survived into the mid twentieth century, without significant thought being lent to the possibility or desirability of a so-called “Islamic finance.” Indeed, juristic developments during this period justified conventional financial practices, and many nationalist movements aimed merely to replace European financial institutions with indigenous ones focused on boosting domestic and re- gional economic development. Shortly after independence, and under the influence of global currents, the liberation theology of nationalist-Islamism mutated into a socialist-Islamism that focused on self reliance to defeat poverty and continued economic dependence of Muslim-majority countries. -
Proquest Dissertations
The history of the conquest of Egypt, being a partial translation of Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam's "Futuh Misr" and an analysis of this translation Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Hilloowala, Yasmin, 1969- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 21:08:06 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282810 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly fi-om the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectiotiing the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. -
Accéder Au Document
[Maliks Muwatta] The Qur'an This page was generated automatically upon download from the Globethics.net Library. More information on Globethics.net see https://www.globethics.net. Data and content policy of Globethics.net Library repository see https:// repository.globethics.net/pages/policy Item Type Book chapter Authors Muwatta, Maliks Publisher Hadith Collection Rights With permission of the license/copyright holder Download date 27/09/2021 19:39:33 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12424/183600 Maliks Muwatta. Book : 15. The Qur'an. 015 : 001 : Section 130 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr ibn Hazm that in a letter that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent to Amr ibn Hazm it said that no-one should touch the Qur'an unless he was pure. Malik said, "No-one should carry the Qur'an by its strap, or on a cushion, unless he is pure. If it were permissible to do so, it would also have been permissible to carry it in its cover. This is not because there is something on the hands of the one who carries it by which the Qur'an will be soiled, but because it is disapproved of for someone to carry the Qur'an without being pure out of respect for the Qur'an, and in order to honour it." Malik said, "The best thing that I have heard about this is the ayat 'None touch it except the purified.' (Sura 56 ayat 79) It ranks with the ayat in Surat Abasa (Sura 80), where Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says, 'No, it is a reminder, and whoever wishes will remember it. -
Differences in Fiqh Made Easy Part I and II
Differences in Fiqh Made Easy At-Tahaarah (Purification) & As-Salaah (Prayer) Prepared by: Mohamed Baianonie (Imam at the Islamic Center of Raleigh, NC, USA) 2 List of Contents List of Contents…….……………………………………………………………………………. 2 Introduction………….……………………………………………………………………………. 9 At-Tahaarah (Purification)………….…………………………….…………………… 11 What are Physically Impure Things?...........……………………………………………………. 11 First: Confirmed Impurities (agreed upon by all scholars)……….………………………........ 13 Second: Controversial Impurities with the Stronger Opinion being Impure…………………. 14 Third: Controversial Impurities with the Stronger Opinion being Pure……………................ 14 How to Purify Things………………………………………………………………………………. 17 21 Sunan Al- Fitrah………………………...……………………………………………………… Going to the Bathroom…………………………………………………………………............. 24 Al-Wudhu’ (Ablution) ……………………..………………………………… 27 Obligatory Acts……………………………..………………………………..…………………….. 28 Agreed upon by the Muslim jurists………………………………………………………………. 28 Disagreed upon by Muslim jurists………………………………………………………............. 29 Ablution: Recommended (Sunan) Acts………………………………………........................... 31 Nullification of Ablution……………………………………………………………………………. 33 Agreed upon by Muslim jurists…………………………………………………......................... 33 Disagreed upon by Muslim jurists………………………………………………………………... 35 Actions which require ablution………………………………………………….......................... 38 Agreed upon by Muslim jurists……………………………………………..……………............. 38 Disagreed upon by Muslim jurists………………………………………………………............ -
Sunan Abu-Dawud
along with him. Book 7, Number 1409: Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) prostrated himself at night when reciting the Qur'an. He said repeatedly: My face prostrates itself to Him Who created it and brought forth its hearing and seeing by His might and power. Book 7, Number 1410: Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: AbuTamimah al−Hujaymi said: When we came to Medina accompanying the caravan, I used to preach after the dawn prayer, and prostrate on account of the recitation of the Qur'an. Ibn Umar prohibited me three times, but I did not cease doing that. He then repeated (his prohibition) saying: I prayed behind the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him), AbuBakr, Umar and Uthman, they would not prostrate (on account of the recitation of the Qur'an) till the sun had risen. 08. Prayer (Kitab Al−Salat): Detailed Injunctions about Witr Book 8, Number 1411: Narrated Ali ibn AbuTalib: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: Allah is single (witr) and loves what is single, so observe the witr, you who follow the Qur'an. Book 8, Number 1413: Narrated Kharijah ibn Hudhafah al−Adawi: The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) came out to us and said: Allah the Exalted has given you an extra prayer which is better for you then the red camels (i.e. high breed camels). This is the witr which Allah has appointed for you between the night prayer and the daybreak. Book 8, Number 1414: Narrated Buraydah ibn al−Hasib: I heard the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) say: The witr is a duty, so he who does not observe it does not belong to us; the witr is a duty, so he who does not observe it does not belong to us; the witr is a duty, so he who does not observe it does not belong to us. -
Islam Expands
2 Islam Expands MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW TERMS & NAMES EMPIRE BUILDING In spite of Muslims’ influence on three •caliph • Sufi internal conflicts, the Muslims continents produced cultural • Umayyads • Abbasids created a huge empire that blending that has continued • Shi’a • al-Andalus included lands on three into the modern world. • Sunni •Fatimid continents. SETTING THE STAGE When Muhammad died in 632, the community faced a crisis. Muslims, inspired by the message of Allah, believed they had a duty to carry his word to the world. However, they lacked a clear way to choose a new leader. Eventually, the issue of leadership would divide the Muslim world. Muhammad’s Successors Spread Islam TAKING NOTES Summarizing Use a table Muhammad had not named a successor or instructed his followers how to choose to summarize develop- one. Relying on ancient tribal custom, the Muslim community elected as their ments that occurred in leader Abu-Bakr, a loyal friend of Muhammad. In 632, Abu-Bakr became the Islam during each ruler’s first caliph (KAY•lihf), a title that means “successor” or “deputy.” period in power. “Rightly Guided” Caliphs Abu-Bakr and the next three elected caliphs—Umar, Rulers Period Developments of Rule in Islam Uthman, and Ali—all had known Muhammad. They used the Qur’an and Rightly guided Muhammad’s actions as guides to leadership. For this, they are known as the caliphs FAYT “rightly guided” caliphs. Their rule was called a caliphate (KAY•lih• ). Umayyads Abu-Bakr had promised the Muslim community he would uphold what Abbasids Muhammad stood for. -
Thirty Hadith for Beginners َّ ا نُ ن ْ ُ ِّ ا ا ن الثَل ِث ي ِ يف ِذك ِر الغر الميا ِم ِ ي
Special Edition for Islamic Schools and Educational Programs Special Edition for Islamic Schools and Educational Programs Thirty Hadith for Beginners َّ ا نُ ن ْ ُ ِّ ا ا ن الثَل ِث ي ِ يف ِذك ِر الغر الميا ِم ِ ي Selected Narrations from the Prophet Muhammad Easy to memorize, understand, practice and teach Along with brief biographies of His Companions By: Faruq Post 0 Thirty Hadith for Beginners َّ ا نُ ن ْ ُ ِّ الثَل ِث ي ِ يف ِذك ِر الغر ا ا ن الميا ِم ِ ي A Collection of Thirty Authentic Hadith from the Prophet Muhammad for Beginners 1 Preface All praises and thanks are due to Allah. May the Prophet Muhammad be mentioned within the heavens amongst Allah’s Angels. May he, his family and all of his followers be blessed and guided. This is a beginner’s book of ‘hadith’ to enable Muslim youth to learn more about the statements, manners and actions of the Prophet Muhammad. The narrations in this booklet have been selected based upon their authenticity, comprehensiveness (manners, creed, and virtues, and jurisprudence), their clarity, and ease for the beginner to read, understand, memorize and practice in their daily lives. The narrations are arranged in order of the four rightly guided caliphs, except for the first hadith which is the hadith of Umar ibn al Khattab ‘Actions are by intention’. I chose to start this compilation with this hadith as a reminder to purify our intentions and to make sure that we rectify our intentions before everything that we do. -
Emergence of the Umayyads the Umayyad Dynasty Was One of The
Emergence of the Umayyads The Umayyad dynasty was one of the main clans of the Quraysh and the second of the four major Islamic caliphates recognized after the demise of Muhammad (peace be upon him). It can be said that Uthman–the third Rightly Guided Caliph, was the first Umayyad caliph as he was from the same dynasty. When Hadhrat ‘Ali became the caliph, there was some sort of disagreement between him and Hadhrat Mu‘awiyah. In 658 C.E. the Syrians accepted Mu‘awiyah as their caliph and in the same year he gained control of Egypt, then subdued Iraq and afterwards established himself as caliph. He is credited with raising a highly trained army of Syrian soldiers, which was used to expand Muslim authority east into Khurasan and west into North Africa. In 660 C.E/40 A.H. Hadhrat Mu ̒awiyah bin Sufyan was proclaimed as the caliph at a place called Iliya (Jerusalem). Damascus which was the seat of the provincial government now emerged as the capital of the newly formed empire, though at that time the new regime very much circumscribed. After the demise of Hadhrat Ali, Iraq declared his son Hadhrat Hasan as his successor. Hadhrat Hasan remained more at home and had very early given up (abdicated) in favour of Mu ̒awiyah to live a life of peace in Madinah. The capital fixed by Hadhrat Ali at Kufa was now shifted to Damascus by Mu ̒awiyah. With the passage of time Mu‘awiyah strongly established himself on the throne and turned his attention toward propagating and spreading the message of Islam. -
The Life of Imam Ja'far Al-Sadiq
Author(s): Baqir Shareef al-Qurashi [3] Publisher(s): Ansariyan Publications - Qum [4] The book summarises the life of the sixth Imam, a most prominent character, who benefited the human kind with his highly new scientific achievements, his instructions in the acts of worship and transactions and his contribution in the field of legislation. The book further expands his positive and active share in the establishment of human culture and civilization as well as improving general public lives and enhancing human thoughts, and his discovery of many of the secrets of the universe. Translator(s): M. Majid Asadi [5] Category: The 12 Imams [6] Miscellaneous information: The Life of Imam Ja’far Al-Sadiq Shaykh Baqir Sharif al-Qarashi Translator: M. Majid Asadi ISBN: 978 964 438 947 4 Publisher: Ansariyan Publications – Qum All Rights Recorded and Reserved for the Publisher Ansariyan Publications P.O. Box 37185\187 22 Shohada St., Qum Islamic Republic of Iran Person Tags: Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq [7] In the Name of Allah the Compassionate the Merciful Allah did choose Adam and Noah, the family of Abraham, and the family of Imran above all people; offspring, one of the other: And Allah heareth and knoweth all things. (3:33-34) And Allah only wishes to remove all abomination from you, ye members of the Family, and to make you pure and spotless. (33:33) Say: No reward do I ask of you for this except the love of those near of kin. And if any one earns any good, We shall give him an increase of good in respect thereof: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Ready to appreciate. -
Updated List Is Attached to This Letter
TERRORISM U.S. Department of the Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control What WhatYou YouNeed Need To To Know Know AboutAbout U.S. The Sanctions U.S. Embargo Executive Order 13224 blocking Terrorist Property and a summary of the Terrorism Sanctions Regulations (Title 31 Part 595 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations), Terrorism List Governments Sanctions Regulations (Title 31 Part 596 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations), and Foreign Terrorist Organizations Sanctions Regulations (Title 31 Part 597 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations) EXECUTIVE ORDER 13224 - BLOCKING PROPERTY AND PROHIBITING TRANSACTIONS WITH PERSONS WHO COMMIT, THREATEN TO COMMIT, OR SUPPORT TERRORISM By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)(IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), section 5 of the United Nations Participation Act of 1945, as amended (22 U.S.C. 287c) (UNPA), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, and in view of United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1214 of December 8, 1998, UNSCR 1267 of October 15, 1999, UNSCR 1333 of December 19, 2000, and the multilateral sanctions contained therein, and UNSCR 1363 of July 30, 2001, establishing a mechanism to monitor the implementation of UNSCR 1333, I, GEORGE W. BUSH, President of the United States of America, find that grave acts of terrorism and threats of terrorism committed by foreign terrorists, including -
Sweet Dreams
The Spring of My Heart (QUR101) Week Nine Handout – Course Notes Exegetes of the Quran THE EARLY EXEGETES (SAHABAH) ABDULLAH IBN ‘ABBAS Hadith (to the effect of the words) : Abdullah ibn ‘Abbas stayed at the Prophet (saw)’s house overnight. The Prophet (saw) woke up for tahajjud and went to relieve himself. When he (saw) came out, he found that ibn ‘Abbas had made some arrangement for water for him to perform ablution from. Upon this he made a special supplication for him: Allahumma faq-qih-hu fid-deen wa ‘allimhut-ta’weel O Allah grant him understanding of the religion and teach him the (science of) interpretation. Incident during the khilafah of Umar (ra): Umar (ra) had a question to ask about Surah an-Nasr regarding which he asked ibn ‘Abbas (ra). Page 1 of 7 The Spring of My Heart (QUR101) Week Nine Handout – Course Notes Imam al-Mufassireen Largest number of tafseer narrations Most reliable of chains from ibn ‘Abbas: Abu Salih Mu’awiyah ibn Salih Ali ibn Abi Talha Book : Tanweer ul Miqyaas fi Tafseer ibn ‘Abbas ALI IBN ABI TALIB Abu Tufail: I heard Ali give a khutbah in which he said, “Ask me anything about the Book of Allah for by Allah there is not a single verse in the Quran except I know whether it was revealed by day or night, whether it was revealed on the planes or in the mountains.” Ali (ra) moved to Kufa hence his teachings spread there. ABDULLAH IBN MAS’UD Hadith (Bukhari): “If you would like to read the Quran then read it to ibn Mas’ud.” More narrations than Ali (ra) Masruq ibn al-Ajda’: “ibn Mas’ud spent most of his day in tafseer.” “I benefitted from many sahabah and I came to the conclusion that the knowledge of all the sahabah is contained within 6 men: Umar, Ali, ibn Mas’ud, Zayd ibn Thabit, Abu Darda and Ubay ibn Ka’b.