THE COCHRANES

OF

RENFREWSHIRE, SCOTLAND

THE ANCESTRY

OF

ALEXANDER COCHRANE

OF

BILLERICA AND MALDEN, MASS., U.S. A.

BY

WALTER KENDALL WATKINS

PRIVATELY PRINTED BOSTON, U.S. A. 1904 The Bartlett Press, 27 Beach Street, Boston.

ALEXANDER COCHRANE. :813-1865.

LOW BURGH CHURCH. PAISLEY.

INTERIOR OF NEILSTON CHURCH.

THE COCHRANES OF RENFREWSHIRE.

The family name of Cochrane, in early times, is to be found almost exclusively in Renfrewshire and the bordering counties. This is ac­ counted for in the derivation of the name. Like other Scottish fami lies it is a place name, the family deriving it from the barony of Cochran. Crawford states, in his description of the shire of Renfrew, that the name is of great antiquity in this shire. The most prominent of the name at an early period was Waldevus de Cochran, whose son William was one of the Scotch barons who swore fealty to Edward I. of England in 1296. John de Cochran was of prominence in Robert Bruce's time, and from him were descended the Cochranes of Bar­ bachly, located in the parish of Bathgate, where we still find the farm and mill of Barbauchlaw. The lands of the ancient barony of Cochrane were across the Black Cart Water, opposite Johnstone, and were held by the Cochranes till sold by Thomas, eighth Earl Dundonald, to James Milliken, Esq., of Milliken, whose daughter Jean married Col. William Na pier of Cul­ creuch, into whose family the lands then came. A century ago part of the old manor house was still standing, and one of the old vaults was used as a cart house. Situated in the parish of Kilbarchan, the name is still perpetuated in Cochranfield and Cochran Cottage. Of that branch of the family who were the most prominent, and from lesser barons through a daughter became Earls of Dundonald, we have the history as presented in Douglas's "Peerage ,of Scotland" and later works. The public records of Scotland furnish little relating to the family outside of this branch previous to 1600. As the seventeenth century advances we find the name confined to the parish of Kilbarchan and Paisley, Lochwinnock and Neilston parishes that adjoin. We find Tandelmuir, Bowfielcl, Beltrees, Bridgend, Linthills, Gavin, Ladyland, Shillingsworth, etc., were the locations, still known at the present clay, where farms were held for generations by those of the name, younger branches of the main line. Prominence to the name has not been accorded the main branch alone during the last century. In 1589, Linwood, a farm in Kilbarchan, had as a tenant under 4

James Hamilton, first Eari of Abercorn, who possessed it, on, vVilliam Cochrane. His brother was Stephen Cochrane of Linwood, of whom tradition says he sold himself to the devil for a peck of gold, , nd while His Satanic Majesty was filling the dish he clipped a piece o his tail, and this gave the name to the estate of Clippens, held by the family. In support of this oral tradition, we find that in 1 (;50 Stephen Coch­ rane was apprehended for witchcraft. William Semple, in his continuation of the History of Renfrewshire, in 1782, says of Clippings that it was the property of John Cochrane, whose ancestors of that name possessed the land for more than three hundred years. He rebuilt the mansion with a slate roof a,1d office houses in the form of a court. This John Cochrane married Mary Wilson of Loch winnock, and they had a son Peter, born in 1755, destined to create renewed interest in this branch of the Cochrane name. Peter in his youth went to India and was in the service of the East India Company and accumu­ lated considerable wealth. In 1790 it was claimed he married a native Indian lady, called Raheim Beebee, at Furruchabad, a province of Oude, by the cere­ mony called" nikah," according to the rites of the Mahomedan church, by a mullah or priest. On 17 December, 1807, a daughter was born at Cawnpore of that marriage afterward known as Susan, Mrs. Morehouse. She was baptized there on 7 March, 1808. In November, 1808, Dr. Peter married at Cawnpore, Margaret Douglas Ferron. On 18 December, 1811, a son, Peter, was born of this last marriage, and in the following year the doctor moved to Calcutta, the Raheim Beebee forming part of his establishment. Meanwhile his father, having become embarrassed financially, was re­ lieved with money advanced on the family estate; and in 17P9 Dr. Peter became purchaser of Clippens from the creditors. Dr. Peter returned from India and lived at Clippens till May, 1825, when, be­ coming displeased at an excessive assessment for the poor rates, he left Clippens and lived on the Continent, mostly in France, till he died, 18 June, 1831. The conflicting claims of the widow of Peter Cochrane, Jr., and the interest of Mrs. Morehouse (Dr. Peter's daughter) threw the personal estate of Dr. Peter into Chancery, where, we may add, it still remains. These claims were before the courts for twenty-five years ( 1835-1860) for the possession of 217,000 pounds sterling. In presenting their evidence, several of the claimants, including our own branch of the family, were unable to furnish certain data from the

JOHN COCHRA~E.

Kilbarchan register, there being a gap in the records early in the eighteenth century, which they declared was caused by the abstracting of leaves from the register book. This claim is borne out by the ap- pearance of the register at the present time. · The first name that can be traced in our direct ancestry appears in this neighborhood (Renfrewshire). In the Abbey Church of Paisley there appears in the parish register: Hugh Cochran and Janet Lochead were booked in order to proc­ lamation for marriage, 23 November, 1721. John, son to Hugh, was born and baptized on 2 December, 1722. In the first parish church of the burgh of Paisley in the parish reg­ ister is recorded : "John Cochran and Margaret Craig were booked for proclama­ tion in order to marriage 4th of November, 1752." The baptisms of their children are also here. "Hugh, son lawful to John Cochran and Margaret Craig, was born 17 and baptized 21 October, 1759." 24 December, 17 43, John Cochran was made burgess of the burgh. In the churchyard of the Low Kirk, John Cochrane made provision for the burial of himself and family, as we find in the burgh records. No regular register of the deaths.has been preserved for l)aisley pre­ vious to the nineteenth century. It was in 1764 that John Cochran was master of the Weavers' So_ ciety and was made free of "quarter compts." As to the residence of John Cochran in Paisley, we find that New Street was laid out in 1734, and the hous·e of John Cochran was on the right-hand side, coming up from the Low Kirk, just below the Dull Tavern. In 17 48 the burgh purchased at the public roup the lands of Fergus­ lie, held by a branch of the Cochranes, Earl Dundonald's family. "29 September, 1775, by fen disposition of the magistrates of Paisley to John Cochrane, weaver and town treasurer of Paisley, of a part of the Moss-land of Fergusley on the north side of the New In­ closures at Craigs of Ferguslie" (P. R. 50-102). He was also bailie of Paisley in 1778, and his name as such ap­ peared on the inscription placed on the Martyrs' Monument erected at that time, and which has been reproduced on the monument erected in 1835, still standing in a secluded nook of the \Voodside Cemetery. In the Low Burgh church register we find this fragmentary record: "Bethia Douglas, Renfrew, 12 January, 1780." 6

This was the marriage record of Hugh Cochrane with the daughter of Francis Douglas, the farmer of Abbot's Inch, on the border of Paisley and Renfrew. The newly married pair resided on Storie Street, the next street to New Street. In the Abbey register is the record: William, son lawful to Hugh Cochrane and Bethia Douglas, born the 21st and baptized 3 November, 1782. Hugh, son lawful to Hugh Cochrane and Bethia Douglas, born 20 April, 17~6. Francis Douglas, lawful son to Hugh Cochrane and Bethia Douglas, born the 10th and baptized 15 May, 1788. At about this date Hugh Cochrane moved to Glanderston, in the parish of N eilston, six miles sou th of Paisley. In the Neilston register is recorded: " 1790. Hugh Cochrane and Bethia Douglas, spouses, at Gland­ erston, had a daughter born 6 April and baptized the 11th, named Bethiah. "1792. Hugh Cochrane and Bethia Douglas, spouses, Glanderston, had a son born 14 June and baptized the 15th, named Robert. "1795. Hugh Cochrane and Bethia Douglas, spouses, in Glanders­ ton, had a son born 12 February and baptized 8 March named James." The record of the birth of their oldest child, John, in Paisley, is not to be found. He was born in 1781, according to his death record at Neilston. " Hugh Cochrane, bleacher, Glanderston, seized 29 October, 1802, 1n one-third share and two-third shares of part of the Moss land of Fer­ gusley, on the north side of the New Inclosures at Craigs of Fergusley, on Feu Disposition by the magistrates of Paisley to John Cochran, weaver and Town Treasurer, Paisley, 29 September, 1775, disponed and assigned by him to Hugh, William and Robert Cochran, his sons, 25 April, 1796, on Disposition by the said William Cochran, then merchant, Glasgow, and one of the partners of Chapman, Cochran & Co., there, 27 October, 1802" (P. R. 50-102). John, the eldest son of Hugh Cochran, of Glanderston, had the fol­ lowing children at Neilston by his wife, Isabella Ramsay, as shown by the church register: "1804. John Cochran and Isabel Ramsay, spouses, Neilston, had a son born 16 September and baptized 16 December, named Robert. ~- p~ •.,,,;;

~~.;;. ~,~

GLANOERSTON HOUSE 1825

7

"1806. John Cochran and Isabel Ramsay, spouses, at Arthurlie, had their second child and second son born 29 July and bap­ tized 2G August, called Hugh. "1808. John Cochran and Isabel Ramsay, spouses, at Arthurlie, had their third son born and baptized 23 October, named vVilliam. "1811. John Cochran and Isabel Ramsay, Barrhead, had Fran­ cis born 3 and baptized 14 April, 1811. "1813. John Cochran and Isabel Ramsay, spouses, Gateside, had a son born '27 April and baptized 9 May, named Alexander. [This was the 'emigrant.'] "1815. John Cochrane and Isabella Ramsay, Gateside, had a daughter born 13 and baptized 24 , named Isabella. "1818. John Cochran and Isabel Ramsay, spouses, Springbank, had a son born 7 and baptized 21 June, named James Douglas. " I 820. John Cochrane and Isabel Ramsay, Springfield, and members of the Established Church, had their eighth child and second daughter, Agnes, born 30 July, and baptized 13 August. "1822. John Cochran, bleacher, Springfield, and his spouse, Isabella Ramsay, had their ninth child and third daughter born 19 May, baptized 2 June, named Agnes." "Died at Barhead on 12 August, 1830, Mrs. Bethiah Cochran, relict of the late Mr. Hugh Cochrane, bleacher, Glanderston." -( N eilston Register.) Her son, John Cochrane, Glanderston, was interred in the church­ yard of Neilston, 31 January, 1832, aged fifty-one. His gravestone 1s still to he found there. The following is from the Paisley Advertiser, 28 January, 1832 : "At Glanderstone, on the 2,'5th current, Mr. John Cochrane, bleacher, in the 52nd year of his age. "He was a loving and affectionate husband, a kind and tender parent, a true and steady friend, and a man of the most unimpeach­ able integrity. He was highly esteemed by all who knew him. His death is much and justly regretted, and his memory will be long cherished by those who had the pleasure of being intimately ac­ quainted with him." As appears from the foregoing, Alexander was born 27 April, and baptized 9 May, 1813. He was grandson of Hugh Cochrane and Bethiah Douglas, daughter of Francis Douglas and Elizabeth Ochterlony, and his descent from 8

the Ochterlony and Douglas families has been printed in separate pamphlets. As appears from extracts in the registers and records of Paisley and vicinity, this branch of the Cochranes were among the earliest to en­ gage in manufacturing in this part of Scotland. In the Renfrewshire Seisines John Cochran, bailie, is styled John Cochrane, manufacturer, New Street, Paisley. In 1798 Hugh Cochrane, son of the bailie, built Glanderston Bleach­ ery, and planted additional trees about the mansion house; and his son John, the father of Alexander, continued the business and died there in 1832. Alexander lived with his mother and the family in Glanderston house until the failure of his elder brother Robert necessitated their giving up the place. There is a print of this ancient mansion in the "Levern Delineated"; and it illustrates the tenacity of custom even in modern Scotland that, although long in ruins, this house still carries with it the right to occupy one of the two cushioned pews which are permitted in Neilston church. Thrown upon his own resources, Alexander, with one of his brothers, essayed the new process of making starch from potatoes. This cre­ ated alarm and disturbance among the peasantry and poor people, who feared an advance in the price of one of their chief articles of food ; and this feeling resulted in an attack on and partial destruction of the works by a mob. An occurrence of this kind seems to belong to the Middle Ages; but it only serves to show the rapid strides we have made since these beginnings of modern manufacture. The old has passed and the new has come in hardly more than a short hundred years. He early took an interest in such chemical changes as took place in his father's works. It is related that the ancestor of the since famous Tennant family here made some of his early experiments in bleaching chemicals. He enlarged his knowledge of chemistry, then just coming forward as one'of the useful sciences, and he investigated its application in the manufacture and decoration of textile fabrics. He mastered processes for making muriatic, nitric and sulphuric acids, aqua ammonia, sulphate of copper and extract of indigo, and learned the secret of making and using various mordants. Informa­ tion collected at that time and still extant among his papers now is more curious than useful. Empirical and rule-of-thumb methods still had a firm hold, and the elements of secrecy iingered in chemical pro­ cesses, allying them to alchemy, their predecessor.

RUINS OF GLANDERSTON HOUSE. 1885,

He was in the neighborhood of Manchester, England, in 1846 and 1847 (where his son Hugh was born), in charge of a branch of textile fabrics, but while there still kept up his interest in chemistry and added to his knowledge of it. He was engaged to come from there to the United States to take charge of a similar industry, and arrived in New York, 27 September, 1847. He remained in charge of this work for rather more than a year, when he finally got an opportunity to put into practice the knowledge which he had been so long acquiring. 1 April, 1849, he entered into business with C. P. Talbot & Co., of which firm the late Governor Thomas Talbot was the junior partner. He planned and built a chem­ ical works, and took the conduct and management of manufacturing the chemical products; and for this he received one-third of the net profits. He was in Billerica more than half the portion of his life spent in this country, and entered fully into the life of the New England village in which his lot was cast. He assisted in the schools and in the church. Being Scotch he naturally took an interest in the religious life of the community, and although, like all his family, he belonged to the Established Church of Scotland, he here acted with the sect that would best harmonize the somewhat scattered elements, the minister filling at the same time the double role of schoolmaster during the week and preacher on Sunday. His relations with his workmen were of the most friendly character, even for those days of close contact between employer and employed; and as a manifestation of interest which they valued more than money, he gave an entertainment for them once a year in his own house. He kept up his connection with Europe by correspondence and by an occasional visit, which in those days was still an event, and when he landed from those early side-wheel Cunarders-the Canada, Asia or Africa-it was subject for congratulation, no longer thought of in these days, when the Atlantic has become a ferry. The main object of these visits was to keep up with the advancing knowledge in manu­ facturing chemicals. The relations with the Messrs. Talbot stood the strain unusually well when he afterward built his own works, and b,ecame their active competitor. As an evidence of this, Governor Talbot offered one of his family a position of high trust on one of the state boards, which for personal reasons was declined. During his residence in Billerica the chemical business gradually increased, and the products early obtained the highest rank for stand­ ard quality. 10

In 1859 Mr. Cochrane took up his residence in Malden, and erected works there for himself, and laid the foundation for the business sub­ sequently carried on by the corporation which bears his name. With­ out going into the details of the hard work involved in building up a business, which is so much a·like in all fields of enterprise, suffice it to say that these difficulties had been surmounted, and the business, which has since become the largest of its kind in New England, was success­ fully established before his death. He died 11 August, 1865, at the age of fifty-two, at Swampscott, where he had taken a house for the summer with his family. The account of a man's life is incomplete without some hint of the personality that marked him. Mr. Cochrane was tall, of fine pres­ ence, unassuming in manner, and in character was simple, sincere and kindly, winning and retaining affection to a marked degree. His generosity was proverbial, and laid him open to imposition on this side of his character, and some of his family still remember the numer­ ous applications of his impecunious countrymen who called upon him for assistance. It may well be doubted whether in many of these cases it was either deserved or put to a useful purpose. Although genial, he always preserved a touch of austerity that did not invite undue familiarity, and was perhaps an inheritance of his early training in the atmosphere of the Kirk, as an instance of which he used to re­ call the line of his brothers and sisters who on Sunday walked from the house to Neilston church under his father's eye. His father brought up the rear in order that no youthful escapades should mar the sacredness of the day. No reading was allowed on that day but the Bible and a few other religious books. The early manners in New England had many points of resemblance to life at the same period in Scotland. His life, like so many other lives, was spent in the day of small things - in sowing seed for others to reap. And the parable of the sower. was selected as best illustrating his life, when his family placed a window to his memory in Trinity Church, Boston. In a somewhat trying battle with Fortune, both in the Old World and in the New, he did what his hands found to do, with true Scotch courage and perseverance. We have thus traced the ancestry of the "emigrant" of our family from the time when the first parish registers are obtainable to the time of his arriving in the United States, and also a short account of his life.

PAISLEY ABBEY.

THE LIFE AND ANCESTRY

OF FRANCIS DOUGLAS

BOOKSELLER AND AUTHOR

OF

ABERDEEN AND PAISLEY, SCOTLAND

BY

WALTER KENDALL WATKINS

PRIVATELY PRINTED BOSTON, U. S. A. 1903

INTRODUCTORY. The life and ancestry of Francis Douglas were of interest to his contemporaries, as shown by the letters of the Chalmers Brothers, one of which is given at length on page 34, in which James Chalmers states his History of the Rebellion of 17 45 is the best history of the Rebellion extant. The inquiries of a Mr. Strahan were perhaps instigated by General Sir David Ochterloney, who about that time was investigating his ancestry and intermarriages in his family. The inquiries of Chalmers were through a literary interest in Douglas as a writer. The first collected account of Francis Douglas was published m "The Book of Eminent Scotsmen," by Joseph Irving, published at Paisley in 1881. The interest in D0t~glas has not been confined to his descendants. Hardly a history of places on the east coast of Scotland described by him in his " Tour on the East Coast" but has referred to his work and made extracts from it. In Aberdeen, where he was a freeman and resided in his early man­ hood, interest is still active in details relating to him; and the writer would acknowledge the kind interest and courtesy shown by Mr. Munro, Chamberlain of Aberdeen, Mr. Anderson of the University Library, and the librarians of the Aberdeen and Edinburgh free libraries. In an interview with Rev. John C. Michie, minister at Dinnet, near Aboyne, the writer gave a synopsis to him of the result of his research on Francis Douglas. Mr. Michie then stated that the late Dr. William Alexander of Aberdeen, editor of the Free Press of Aberdeen, had in preparation for the Spaulding Club an account of agriculture in Aberdeenshire, and had been assisted by articles written by Francis Douglas in the Aberdeen Journal. On this account he had become interested in the antecedents of Francis Douglas, and had found that he was the son of Robert Douglas of Blackmiln. It was gratifying to the writer to find that independent research twenty or more years ago had obtained the same result as his own investigations. The accounts of the Douglas family of Glenbervie are derived from that acknowledged authority, Sir Robert Douglas of Glenbervie, 4 the author of the "Baronage of Scotland," which was published in 1796, and which has been copied in more recent years by all com­ pilers of the works on the Scottish Peerage and prominent Scotch families. In this book Sir Robert states that from John, brother of the ninth earl, are descended the Douglases of Cruixtoun, Quarrel­ holes, and Blackmiln in Cromar. Francis Douglas was the son of Robert Douglas of Blackmiln. In 1800 Glenbervie's title was re­ vived in Sylvester Douglas. He was also descended from John, brother of the ninth earl, and he quoted the above statement by Sir Robert as one of his proofs to the title, before the House of Lords, in his claim as Earl of Angus. Bethiah (Douglas) Cochrane, daughter of Francis Douglas, stated the facts of her ancestry substantially as I have verified them. This statement had come down through three generations to her grand­ children, and had become somewhat scanty and lacking in definite data by passing orally from generation to generation. The gift to Francis Douglas of Abbots Inch proved to be but a life tenure. The "grandmother born in Drum Castle," while true, was removed back to the Irvine marriage. The main fact in the traditions of the family, of a descent from the Red Douglas, has been fully confirmed by research in records. The "grandfather's tales" have been verified and result in an authentic story of a branch of the house of Douglas. DOUGLAS ANCESTRY.

The early history of the house of Douglas has been frequently writ­ ten. David Hume of Godscroft, son of Sir David Hume of Wedder­ burn, Dunse, Berwickshire, was secretary of Archibald, "the Good Earl of .Angus," and in that position had access to the family papers. From them he wrote, in 1625, a "History of the House and Race of Douglas and Angus," which was published as a folio in Edinburgh in 1644, again in two twel vemo volumes in 17 43, another fourth edi­ tion in 17 48, and one early in the nineteenth century. In 1764 was published the Peerage of Scotland, by Sir Robert Douglas of Glenbervie, of a branch of the family which furnished the ninth and tenth Earls of Angus; from the ninth earl Sir Robert was descended. Sir Robert also prepared the Baronage of Scotland, pub­ lished in 1796, which included an account of the Glenbervie family. These later accounts of the family were more complete genealogically, and were brought down to the time of compilation. A later edition of the Peerage was published in two volumes in 1813. The accounts of the Douglas family, as given by Sir Robert, have been accepted by all modern works on the Scottish Peerage and Baronetage, such as Playfair's British Antiquity and Burke's Peerage and Baronetage (under the Duke of Hamilton). The most extensive work on the family, however, has been done by the late Sir William Fraser, who in a series of Scottish families pre­ pared a "Douglas Book," under the patronage of the Earl of Hume, in four large octavo volumes. Their contents are perhaps open to the criticism of being prejudiced in favor of the prominent members of the family, who were always to be found engaged in the intrigues and wars of Scotland throughout her history. The volumes are also a his­ tory of those prominent branches, and of the individuals alluded to, which makes the work one of only general public interest. The expense attendant on the style of publication, the smallness of the edition (issued privately), prevent a general knowledge of the work by the public, and place the cost, when offered in the market, at thirty guineas for the four volumes. As of special interest mention may be made of the third volume of this work which contains the charters relating to both lines, the Earls of Douglas and Angus. The charters of lands which were granted by the successive sovereigns of Scotland to the Earls of Douglas and their ancestors are known to have been very numerous. The oldest Douglas charters now in the Douglas charter-chest consist chiefly of a few of the grants of land by King Robert the Bruce to his faithful companion in arms, the Good Sir James Douglas. The charters. connected with the Angus estates are much more abundant. They are also the most ancient. The intermarriages be­ tween the Stewart Earls of Angus and the family of Abernethy brought 6 into the Angus charter-chest the old charters of Bonde and Preston, and several old and interesting Abernethy documents. Besides these charters many others, either granted by or to the Douglas family, have been traced in other private charter-chests. Through the liberality of the owners, these charters are either printed at length or ample abridgments of them given in that volume, which also contains a detailed abstract of all the charters printed in full. The facsimiles of charters in the third volume form a special feature as illustrations. They are of considerable extent and variety, rang­ ing from the year 1226 to the year 1591. One of the earliest writs of which a facsimile is given, is an indenture of marriage between Sir Hugh of Abernethy and Sir William of Douglas, for the marriage of Hugh of Douglas and Marjory of Abernethy, dated on Palm Sunday, 1259. This is the oldest contract of marriage which has yet appeared in the history of any Scottish family. There are also preserved in the Douglas charter-chest grants by the two rival kings, Bruce and Baliol, and facsimiles of two of these are given, side by side, in the third volume. Facsimiles of other three Douglas charters are given in the Introduction. To place the contents of the "Douglas Book" before the public in a more accessible and abridged form, Sir Herbert Maxwell, President of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, prepared and published, in two octavo volumes, in 1902, "A History of the House of Douglas," down to the legislative union of England and Scotland in 1707. This work is dedicated to Charles Alexander Douglas, twelfth Earl of Hume, Lord Douglas of Douglas, in acknowledgment of the assistance rendered bv him. To the doubtful origin of the family, from Sholto Du-glash, the black or swarthy man of tradition, we must refer readers to "Hume of Gods­ croft" and the other authorities mentioned. No doubt that the early traditions of this family, rest upon facts, and have been preserved, as have been the ballads of Scotland, orally for centuries. The first appearance of the name of Douglas in records was between 1174 and 1199, when a certain William de Douglas (Will de Gufglas) is witness to a charter, granted by Jocelyn, Bishop of Glagow, in favor of the monks of Kelso (Liber de Calchou). The earliest known men­ tion of the water and lands of Douglas occurs in charters granted prior to 1160, of parts adjacent in the county of Lanark, and again in 1177 as one of the boundaries of the Forest of Mauchline. The name represents the Gaelic dubh glas, dark water, and is borne to this day by many streams in other parts of Scotland, being the equivalent of Blackburn and Blackwater in Saxon parts. The earliest, in a direct line, of the family of Douglas, as given by Hume and Sir Robert, was William de Douglas, created Lord of Douglas by King Malcolm Canmore, at a "conventus procerum," held in Forfar, in 1057, or, as another authority states, in 1061. He lived till after 1100, leaving two sons, Sir John de Douglas and Sir William, of Glendoning, from whom are descended the Douglases of Strabock, Pompherston, Pittendreich, etc. 7

Sir John de Douglas flourished in the reign of King David, and died about 1145, being succeeded by liis son, Sir William de Douglas, first mentioned as of record. It was perhaps during the lifetime of William de Douglas that King David invaded England, in 1135, and again in 1141, and was de­ feated in the "battle of the Standard," near Northallerton, York­ shire, on Standard Hill, 22 August, 1138. By his wife Margaret, daughter of Friskinus de Kerdal, Sir William had issue six sons :ind one daughter.

1. ARCHIBALD, Lord of Douglas. 2. BRICIUS DouGLAS, who was bred to the church, a man of great piety, learn­ ing and benevolence. He was, first, prior of Lismahago, then dean of Murray, be­ fore the year 1200, made bishop of that see in 1203, and bestowed many donations on the religious. There is extant a charter of his for repairing the church of Spey, ad instantiam et petitionem .Friskini de Kerdale avunculi sui, etc. (Mr, Keith's cata­ louge of bishops, p. 81.) He died in 1222. 3. ALEXANDER DOUGLAS, who is mentioned in several charters of his brother's was vice comes de Elgin ante 1220; and in a composition betwixt the bishop of Murray and Walter de Moravia, Alexander de Douglas vice comes de Elg-in,fratet quondam Bricii episcopi, is a witness. 9 October, 1226. (Chartul. of Murray p. 82.) 4. HEN.RY DE DOUGLAS. 5. HUGO DE DOUGLAS. The above Henry and Hugo were both designed brothers of Bishop Bricius in many charters; particularly in carta collationis TVillielmi .ftlii Friskini, etc., ante 1222; and of these brothers several families of the name of Douglas in the north are descended. 6. FRISKINUS DE DOUGLAS, who, in a charter super ecclesiam de Birny, is de­ signed brother of bishop Bricius, ante annum 1222. (Chartul. of Kelso, p. 319.) His daughter Margaret was married to Sir Harvey Keith, great marishal of Scot­ land. (Nisbet's appendix, p. 3.)

It was during the lifetime of William de Douglas that after the death of King David, in 1153, his successor, Malcolm IV., "the Maiden," was crowned at Scone, at twelve years of age. Malcolm subdued Fergus, Lord of Galloway, successfully resisted the rebellion of the chiefs of the North, and finally defeated Somerled, thane of Argyll. He died at the age of twenty-four, and was succeeded by his brother, William the Lyon. King William invaded Northumberland, was taken pris­ oner at Alnwick, and sent to Falaise, Normandy, in 1172. In 1174 he did homage to Henry II., at York, and died in 1214. Sir William de Douglas died before the year 1200, and was suc­ ceeded by his eldest son. ARCHIBALD, fourth Lord of Douglas, who appears to have been possessed of a vast estate ; and, being a man of great parts, was much in favor with King Alexander II., and was witness to many of his public deeds; particularly to a confirmation of a charter of David de Lindsay, of a donation to the monastery of Newbottle, anno 1220; and in another charter of confirmation of the earldom of Lennox, by the same prince, to Earl Maldwin, anno 1238. (Chartularies of Mur­ ray, pp. 82, 95, 125, etc.; of Newbottle, p. 18; of Lenox, p. 15.) He acquired the lands of Livingston and Herdmanston in Lothian, 8

and received knighthood before 1226 as he is entitled dominus Archi­ bald de Dusglas in a charter not later in date than that year. In 1215 King Alexander II. marched into Northumberland, and on the 18th of October he received the homage of the barons of that section at Felton Castle. He besieged Norham Castle for forty days, until the approach of King John. The English barons did homage again to Alexander at Melrose, 15 January, 1216, and shortly after he took Carlisle, and then marched through England to Dover. In 1221 he subdued Somer!ed and in 1228 Gillespie, and in 1233 an insurrec­ tion in Galloway. In 1244 Alexander marshalled an army of over 100,0UO against King Henry of England at Ponteland, but without hostilities ensuing. In 1247 he suppressed another insurrection in Galloway, and also in the Western Islands and while in the North died near Oban in 1249. Archibald de Douglas married Margaret, daughter and co heiress of Sir John Crawford,* dominus de eodem, by which marriage he got a considerable addition to his estate in lands, etc., and, dying about 1240, left issue two sons. 1. Sir William, his heir. 2. Sir Andrew de Douglas, ancestor of the Earl of Morton. Sir WILLIAM, fifth Lord of Douglas, succeeded his father, and is said by Hume and other historians to have married Martha, sister of the Earl of Carrick. He is mentioned in several charters betwixt 1240 and 1250. (Chartulary of Kelso, pp. 158 and 171.) He was appointed one of the counsellors to the king, anno 1255. Sir William, named Long leg, from the first adhered to English in­ terests, as he held lands in Northumberland. some of which he granted to his son William in 1256. In 1264 he purchased the lands of Fawdon from the family of Battail, to which his wife Constance ( possibly a second wife) is supposed to have belonged. It was the year previous, 1263, that King Alexander III. defeated the Norwegian

* The surname of Crawfurd is of great antiquity in the West of Scotland, is certainly local and was as­ sumed by the proprietors of the lands and barony of Scotland in Clydsdale as soon as surnames began to be used in this country. The immediate ancestor of this family was: I. GALFRIDUS DE CRAWFURD, a man of rank and distinction in the reigns of King Malcolm IV. and King William the Lyon, who succeeded Malcolm, anno 1165. This Galfride was witness to a charter of Roger, bishop of St. Andrews, concerning the freedom and independency of the monastery of Kelso, anno 1189. (Sir J a. Dalrymple's coll. and chartul. of Kelso, penes MacFarlane.) He was witness also to another charter of the same bishop to the monas­ tery of Coldingham, z'nter 1189 and 120~, in which last year the bishop died. \ Chartul. of Coldinghame, penes eundem, p. 107.) There flourished about this time Gaulterus de Crawfurd, who is likewise mentioned in a charter of Roger, bishop of St. Andrews, ante 1202. Whether he was brother to Galfride or of another family we cannot determine, but he appears to have been ancestor of the Crawfurds of Lowden, Kilbirnie, etc. (Ibid., p. 103.l Galfridus was father of II. SIR REGINALD DE CRAWFURD, who was witness to a charter of Richard le Bard to the monastery of Kelso, together with his three sons, viz.: 1, Wz'lliam; 2, John~· and 3, Adam ( 'rawfurd, anno 122B. (Chartul. of Kelso, p. H:0.) What became of William and Adam, Sir Regineld's eldest and third sons, we can give no account, but he was succeeded by his second son. Ill. SIR JOHN DE CRAWFURD, designed dominus de eodem, miles, in several donations to the mon­ astery of New bottle and Kelso. He left issue only two daughters : 1. Margaret, married to Archibald, Lord Douglas, who got with her part of the lordship of Craw­ furd, with several other lands, of whom the earls of Douglas, Angus, etc., are descended. His second daughter, married to Sir David Lindsay Knight (ancestor of the Earl of Crawfurd), who got with her the barony of Crawfurd, which afterwards became the chief title of his family, Sir John dying without male issue, anno 1248. 9

King Raco at Largs, the story being alluded to in the celebrated bal· lad of Hardyknute. In 1264 Alexander III. sent to the assistance of his father-in-law, Henry III., a large body of Scots under Baliol, Bruce and Comyn, against the barons under Simon de Montfort. At the battle of Lewes, Sussex, a large number of the Scots were killed and made prisoners, but at Evesham Simon de Montfort was defeated and slain. Gilbert de Umfraville, Lord of Redesdale and Earl of Angus, in 1267 complained against Douglas for disaffection to England, asking a gift of Fawdon Manor. On it being decided in the Douglas favor, Angus attacked the house of Fawdon with a hundred men, on 19 July, 1267, captured it and carried Douglas a prisoner to Harbottle Tower. His son, William Douglas, was in the fight wounded in the neck, nearly to death. In a trial in 1269 Douglas was adjudged owner of Fawdon and Angus was fined. Douglas entered into an indenture or contract with Sir Hugh, Lord of Abernethy, whereby Hugh de Douglas, his eldest son and heir, was to marry Margaret, sister of the said Sir Hugh, etc. The indenture is dated in 1259, to which his brother Andrew de Douglas is a witness. ( Chart. in archive, family of Douglas, 1259.) Hume states Sir William joined a crusade about 1270, when above sixty years, but this is discredited in the "Douglas Book." In a donation by Sir Simon Lockhart of Symontoun, to the convent of Kelso, Sir William de Douglas, dominus de eodem, is a witness, anno 127 3. ( Chartul. of Kelso, ad ann. 1273.) He died in 1276, leaving issue two sons, Hugh and William. VI. HuGH, sixth Lord of Douglas, is said to have succeeded his father. He was a man of singular valor and courage and when a young man eminently signalized himself at the battle of Largs in Cunningham. 'Nilliam, second son of "Lang-leg," was on account of his intrepid­ ity and boldness called "le Hardi." He was knighted before 1288. In 1289 he sent a messenger from Glasgow to the Abbot of Kelso to receive the family charters which had been stored in the cell of Les­ mahagow for safety. In the receipt for these Donglas styles himself Lord of Douglas, the first instance of the use of that title. He married before this date, when he was a widower, Elizabeth, daughter of Al­ exander, High Steward of Scotland. A certain wealthy widow, Elea­ nor, daughter of Matthew, Lord of Lovaine* and relict of William de Ferrers, Lord of Groby, had a handsome dowry from her husband's English and Scotch lands. In 1288-while stopping at the castle of Tranent she was abducted therefrom by Sir William Douglas, who

* In the 2 of King John, Godfrey de Lovaine (called brother to Henry, Duke of Brabant) giving four hundred marks for the land and widow of Ralph de Cornhill, whose name was Delicia, daughter and heir of Robert London, by writ dated the eighteenth of October, the 45 Hen. III.; he died shortly after in 1261, seized of the manor and barony of Estaines, leaving Matthew de Lovaine his son and heir who had summons to Parliament 22 Edw. I. and died 30 Edw. I. (Baronia Anglica Concentrata, 1-293.) later married her. King Edward ordered his possessions seized, and Douglas to be imprisoned, which was done and he was confined in Leeds Castle. He was, however, released within a year. Sir William Douglas's name was among those of the Scottish barons confirming the Treaty of Salisbury (November, 1289), and at a meeting of the Estates at Brigham near Roxburgh, 18 July, 1290. 5 July, 1291, Ed­ ward I. was staying at Sir Walter de Lindsay's manor of Thurston in East Lothian, and in the chapel there he received Douglas's oath of fealty, but we find that for certain transgressions, unexplained, his lands in Douglasdale were forfeited to the king, who presented Master Eustace de Bikerton to the church of Douglas. ( Rotuli Scotia:, 1-7.) Baliol, being crowned king, held his first Parliament at Scone, 12 February, 1292-93. Douglas failing to attend was proclaimed a defaulter as was Bruce and others. He attended the second Parlia­ ment, 3 August, 1293, when he was imprisoned,for deforcing the royal officers, when they came to Douglasdale, to give effect to a judgment in favor of his mother Constance in an action brought against her son. When the king of Scotland renounced his allegiance to Edward, Douglas ranged himself with the patriots against England, and was appointed governor of Berwick-on-Tweed. Edward appeared before that town, took it by storm, 30 March, 1296, and massacred between seven thousand and eight thousand, male and female, and Douglas was made prisoner. Wyntoun, prior of St. Serfs, has given a graphic de­ scription of this event in his" Chronicle," a metrical history. Doug­ las regained his liberty by again taking the oath of fealty to Edward, and his seal appears on the" Ragman's Roll," and on 30 August, 1296, his lands in Fife, Dumfries, Wigton, Berwick, Ayr and Edinburgh were restored to him, but not his English lands in Essex and Nor­ thumberland. Nothwithstanding this he joined the rising of Wallace in 1297 and marched a contingent to the national muster at Irvine. Owing to dissensions among the Scots many submitted to Edward, and Douglas surrendered his parole at Berwick, but, failing to produce a hostage, was imprisoned. After Wallace's victory at Sterling the English evacuated Berwick, taking Douglas, who was committed to the Tower of London, where he died before January, 1299. By his first wife he had James, known as the " Good " Sir James. By his second, Eleanor de Ferrers, he had Hugh and Archibald the " Tineman." Archibald received from Robert I. a charter of Morebattle, Rox­ burghshire and Kirkandrews, Dumfrieshire, in 1320. In 1324 he re­ ceived Crimond and other lands in Buchan. In 1327 he served under Sir James Douglas in the campaign of Weardale, when his foragers overran Durham and gained much booty. In ·1332 Edward Baliol and an English force were blockaded in Perth by the Earl of March, under whom Sir Archibald held command. Baliol was crowned at Scone as Edward, King of the Scots, and Douglas attempted an am­ bush to capture him near J edburgh, but was detected and put to flight. Again at Annan in December, 1332, Baliol barely escaped from Douglas "on a sorry jade with neither saddle nor bridle, one

SITE OF THE BATTLE OF HALIDON HILL Berwick-on-Tweed.

11 shank booted, the other bare." These exploits hut added force to his name, the" Tineman," but other events were to add to his reputation. In the following March he raided Gilsland with success. He was ap­ pointed regent in 1333, but his reign was short. Sir Alexander de Seton held Berwick against the English, and Archibald marched to his relief and after furnishing supplies went raiding. Summoned to return to the assistance of Berwick, he encamped at Duns Park while the English occupied Halidon Hill near Berwick. In attempting the hill the Scots were disastrously repulsed and the Tineman killed as were also the Earls of Lennox, Ross, Sutherland, Carrick, Menteith and Athol, and a multitude of knights and men. The Tineman married Beatrice, daughter of Sir Alexander de Lind­ say of Crawford.* They had two sons and a daughter. John, who died in France before 1342, William and Eleanor, who married, ( 1) Alexander, Earl of Carrick, killed at Halidon Hill; ( 2) Sir J arnes de Sandilands, ancestor of Lord Torpichan; (3) Sir William Tours of Dalry; (4) Sir Duncan Wallace of Sundrum, and lastly (5) Sir Patrick Hepburn of Hailes. William Douglas, the second son, was educated in France, return­ ing to Scotland in 1348, when, summoning his retainers, he took up his quarters in the forest of Ettrick, and carried on war against the English. It was here he met his kinsman and godfather, his former guardian, Sir William Douglas, the Knight of Liddesdale, and after high words Liddesdale was slain. He was accepted with others as security for the ransom of King David. In 1356 he successfully opposed Edward III. in his advance into Scotland and nearly captured Edward in an ambuscade, near Melrose. Later in the year Douglas went to France, and fought at Poi tiers, 19 September, 1356, "very valiantly for a while; but when he perceived that the French were hopelessly defeated he made off as fast as he could; for so much did he dread being taken by the English that he had preferred to be slain " ( Froissart's "Chronicles "). Before the battle he received knighthood at the hands of King John of France. 26 January, 1358, he was created an Earl, and had married Margaret, sister of Thomas, Earl of Mar, and had with her the barony of Drum­ lanrig. In 1373 we find him Justiciar of Scotland, south of the Forth, and Warden of the Marches, and succeeding his brother-in-law as Earl of Mar. In 1377 he routed a party of the English near Melrose. In 1380 he invaded England and by 1384 had recovered his posses­ sions in Annandale from the English, and also drove them from

* There flourished in the reign of King David I. two brothers, Willielmus and Walterus de Lindsay. William is mentioned in many charters of the period. He had two sons, Sir William and Robert de Lindsay, and died llRH. Sir William the younger had considerable lands in Clydesdale and Mid Lothian, and died between 1195 and 1200, and was succeeded by his son Sir David, who was a brave and gallant man, and made a great figure in the reigns of William and Alexander II., dying in 1230. He married the daughter and co-heiress of Sir John de Crawford, by which he got the barony of Craw­ furd. He had three sons, Sir David, Sir William and Gerard de Lindsay. Sir David, the younger, the first designed Lord Crawfurd, and was in great favor with Alexander II., and in l:!55 was appointed great c_hamberlain of Sc?tlan_d _and of th~ ~ing's. Privy Counci~. He died before 1280, leaving two sons, Su Alexander and S:tr Wilham of Cra1g1e. S1r Alexander Lmdsay was a great patriot and strenu­ ous defender of the liberties of Scotland, jc;>ining Wallace and being particularly excepted out of an act of indemnity, granted by Edward I. to the Scots in 1304, about which time Sir Alexander died, leaving three sons, Sir David, Sir James and William Lindsay. 12

Teviotdale; in returning from the latter he was seized with a fever, dying at Douglas in the spring of 1384. His widow married Sir John de Swinton. Douglas had by her James, second Earl of Douglas and Mar, and Isabel, who married Sir Malcolm Drummond. William, first Earl Douglas, had, by Margaret, daughter of Thomas Stuart, Earl of Angus, and widow of Thomas, thirteenth Earl of Mar, a son, George.* The Countess of Angus lived at Tantallon Castle, then in Douglas's possession. On 9 April, 1389, she resigned in favor of her son George, the earldom of Angus, the title he did not assume till 1397, when he was betrothed to Mary, second daughter of Robert III. In 1402 he was sent to invade Northumberland, and met defeat and capture at the battle of Homildon, near Wooler, and contracting the plague, died, in 1403, at the age of twenty-four. By Mary Stuartt he had William, Second Earl Angus, and Elizabeth, the wife of Alexander, Lord Forbes, and after, of Sir David Hay, of Vester. The widowed countess of the first Earl Angus; married (2) Sir James Kennedy; ( 3) William, Lord Graham ; ( 4) Sir William Edmonstone. William, second Earl Angus, was betrothed, in 1409, at the age of about eleven years, to Margaret, daughter of Sir William Hay of Yester.:j: He was knighted at the coronation of King James I., at

*The next who enjoyed the title of ANGUS in Scotland, after the forfeiture of Earl Gilbert de Umfra­ ville, anno 1307, was Sir John Stewart of Bonkill, son of Sir Alexander Stuart of Bonkill, son of Sir John Stewart of Bonkill, who was second son of Alexander, lord high steward of Scotland, who died anno 1283, and brother of James, lord high steward of Scotland, grandfather of King Robert I I. (Dalrymple's Collections, history of the royal family.) I. This Sir JoHN STUART of Bonkill was created Earl of Angus by King David Bruce at the so- lemnity of his coronation, anno 1330. He married Margaret, daughter of Sir Alexander Abernethy, Knight, by whom he had a son: Thomas, his heir. He was killed at the battle of Halidon Hill, anno 1333, and succeeded by his son: II. THOMAS, second Earl of Angus, of the name of Stuart, a man of good parts and often employed to treat with the English, anno 1336 and 1357. •... He married Margaret, daughter of Sir William Sinclair of Roslin, by whom he had a son. (Chart. in archivis regis Dav. No. fil, ad. ann. 1363.) .... Thomas, his heir, and two daughte1s. 1. Lady Margaret, married to Thomas, Earl of Mar, to whom she had no issue. To William, Earl of Douglas, she had a son, George. Second daughter married to Sir Alexander Hamilton of Innerwick. He was succeeded by his only son : III. THOMAS, third Earl of Angus, who married Margaret, daughter and co-heiress of Donald, Earl of Mar, but died without issue, anno V:l77, whereby his estate and honors devolved upon his nephew: George, son of his eldest sister, Margaret, and the Earl of Douglas before noticed, who, in right of his mother succeeded to the earldom and was the first Earl of Angus of the name of Douglas. (Chartul. pen. ducem de Douglas.) t Walter Fitzalan, witness to a charter by King David, in favor of the Church of Glasgow dated at Cadzow in the earlier part of the twelfth century. He had granted to him by the same monarch the high office of Steward of Scotland. He died in 1177, leaving by Eschnia his wife, daughter of Thomas de Londoniis, and heiress of Molla and Huntlaw, in Roxburghshire, an only son Alan, whose son Walter was father of Alexander, High Steward, whose son James was father of Walter, High Steward. Walter, High Steward, married in 1015 Marjory, daughter of King Robert Bruce, by Isabel, daughter of Donald, Earl of Mar. Marjory died the following year, after having a son who eventually became Robert II., the first king of the House of Stewart. Robert II., born in 13lti, married(l) Elizabeth Mure, (2) Euphemia, daughter of Hugh, Earl of Ross; and by the first, among other children, had John, the eldest son, who succeeded as Robert III. Robert III. married ~--\.nnabella, daughter of Sir John Drummond of Stobhall, and. his second daughter, Mary, married (1) in 1391, George, Earl of Angus. Through this last marriage a descent from William the Conqueror can be traced through the Scottish Kings, as shown by the Royal Descent in Burke's Peerage, etc. Thence a descent from King Alfred, Charlemagne, etc. :j: Willelmus de la Haya was the ancestor of the Th-iarquis of Tweedale and flourished in the reign of Malcolm IV. and William. He was succeeded by his eldest son, \Villiam, who was embassador at the coronation of King John. He died leaving a son, Sir William de la Haya, who was succeeded by his sun Sir John, who married Margaret, daughter of Robert de Lindsay, by whom he got Locharret. His eldest son was Sir William, who was succeeded by his son Sir Gilbert, who married Mary, daughter of Sir Simon Fraser. Their son was Sir Thomas, who was taken prisoner at the battle of Durham, and dying soon after, leaving a son Sir William, who married a Douglas. Their son Sir Thomas married us

Scone, in May, 1424-. In 1429 he marched north to avenge the burn­ ing of Inverness, by Alastair, Lord of the Isles, and later had the keeping of Alastair in the tower of Tantallon. As Warden of the Marches he encountered Henry Percy at Piperdean, 10 September, 1435, and defeated him. James I. was assassinated 20 February, 1437, and Angus took part in the pursuit and capture of the Earl of Athol and his fellow con­ spirators. He died, soon after, in October, 14-37, his widow surviving him nearly fifty years. He left three sons, James, third Earl; George, fourth Earl; and William of Cluny. James, third Earl, died in 1446, and was succeeded by his brother George. In 1448 George, fourth Earl Angus, joined his kinsmen, the Earls of Douglas and Ormond, in an expedition into Northumberland, going as far as Alnwick which they burnt in June, and laid Wark­ worth in ashes. When the ninth Earl of Douglas and his brothers took the field, in 1455, against James II., Angus received high command in the army of the king, his cousin, and routed the rebels at Langholm. For his ser­ vices Angus received the lordship of Douglas, 16 April, 1457, the Red Douglas thus superseding the Black Douglas. He was wounded at the siege of Roxburgh, 3 August, 1460, at the same time the king was killed, by the bursting of a gun, but was suc­ cessful, in capturing the castle shortly after, as he was in relieving the. French garrison at Alnwick, in 1462. Angus died 12 March, 1463, and was buried at Abernethy. He had married Isabella, only daugh­ ter of Sir John Sibbald of Balgony, Fife,* who survived him and married Sir Robert Douglas of Lochleven. Angus had by her two sons and seven daughters whose blood still runs in many distinguished Scottish families. The elder son, Archibald, was born about 1449. In 14-61 a marriage had been arranged for him with Katherine Gordon, daughter of the Earl of Huntly. This did not take place, as in 1468 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Robert, Lord Boyd, who was Chamberlain and Justiciary of Scotland, and governor of the king, James III.t

Christian, sister of Walter \Vardlaw, archbishop of Glasgow. Their son Sir VVilliam married (1) Jo­ hanna, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Sir Hugh Gifford, Lord of Vester, by which he assumed the title as Sir William Hay of Vester. His only daughter by his first wife, Margaret, married William, Earl of Angus. * This family formerly possessed considerable estates in Fifeshire, which gradually went to other houses from failure of male heirs in the direct line. The name frequently occurs in charters of the eleventh and twelfth centuries, but owing to the troubled state of the country since that remote period the learned antiquary Sir Robert Sibbald, could only trace the descent back in a direct line, to Sir Thomas Sibbald of Balgonie (born 14·tf-i), Principal Treasurer in the reigns of James II. and James IV. He was succeeded by his son Sir John Sibbald of Balgonie, who was succeeded by his son Sir Andrew Sibbald, Sheriff of Fife, who had a son, John, his successor, and Elizabeth who married George Douglas, fourth Earl of Angus, ancestor of Henry, Lord Darnley, the husband of Mary Queen of Scots. t SIMON, third son of Alan, second lord high steward of Scotland, in the foundation charter of the monastery of Paisley is designed .frater Walter£ fitii Alan£ dajiferi regis Scotia?, etc., anno l ltil. (Chartulary of Paisley, penes comitem de Dundonald, Abercrombie, vol. I., p. 4·17.) He lived after the year l '200 and was father of II. Ro BERT, who, being of a fair complexion, was called Boyt or Boyd_, from the Gaelic or Celtic word boidh, which signifies fair or ye!low, from which he assumed his surname, and from him all the Boyds in Scotland are descended. This Robert Boyd is designed nephew to Walter, son of Alan, lord high steward of Scotland, in the charters to the monastery of Paisley. (Ibid., and Nisbet, vol. I., p. 54.) The same Robert, designed dominus Robert-us BoydJ is witness to a contract betwixt Bryce de Eglington and the village of Irvine, anno 1'205. 14

In 1482 King James marched against the English, who were at Berwick, and in July at Lauder Bridge occurred the affair which gave to the Earl of Angus his nickname of "Bell the Cat," and resulted in the hanging of Thomas Cochrane and his associates, favorites of the king. 11 February, 1483, Angus and others signed the Westminster Conven­ tion, and in consequence was deprived of his offices of J usticiar, south of the Forth, steward of Kirkcudbright, keeper of the Thrieve, and Sheriff of Lanark. In 1483 he was appointed keeper of the royal castle of Newark in Ettrick Forest for five years, and in 1486 was Warden of the Marches. On the the tragic death of James III., "Bell the Cat" acted as guardian to James IV. for a time. In 1492 James made him Chancellor of Scotland, which he held till 1497, when he was appointed Warden of the Middle Marches and Justiciar of Eskdale and Ewesdale, and shortly after he retired from public life. He married in 1500 Katherine daughter of Sir William Stirling of Keir. In 1513 occurred the battle of Flodden, and though Hume states Bell the Cat was present, more modern writers doubt his presence.

It may be here observed that the Boyds have always carried the same armorial bearings of the lord high stewards, which denotes their descent from that illustrious house. Robert died before the year l~--W and left issue a son and successor, III. Sir ROBERT Bovv, who in a charter of Sir John Erskine of the lands of Halsheil is designed Robertus de Boyd, miles, 1~fr2. He was a man of great courage and resolution and remarkably distinguished himself at the battle of Largis. He died about the year 1270, leaving issue a son, IV. Sir ROBERT BovD, who succeeded him, and though he was one of the Scotch barons that swore fealty to King Edward I. when he overrun Scotland, anno 1:.:96, and is then designed Robertus de Boyt, miles, he joined the great Sir William \Vallace, anno l:l!-!7, He died about the year 1300 and was succeeded by his son, V. Sir ROBERT BovD, a great and worthy patriot, who, according to Dr. Abercrombie, was one of the first of the Scotch nobles that joined King Robert Bruce. He got no less than three charters under the great seal from him, of the lands and baronies of Kil­ marnock, Bondington, Hertshaw, Ardneil, Dalry, and many others, then in the crown, by the forfeiture of John Baliol, the first dated anno 1308, and the last in 1316. He was one of the guarantees of a treaty with the English, anno 1323. This great man died in the beginning of the reign of King David Bruce, and left issue three sons. He was succeeded by his eldest son, VI. Sir THOMAS Bovo of Kilmarnock, who flourished in the re1gn of King David Bruce. He mar­ ried and had issue three sons. He was succeeded by his eldest son, VII. Sir THOMAS Bovo, designed dominus de Kilmarnock, who, it seems, had been accessory to the slaughter of -- Neilson of Dalrymple, etc., for which he got a remission from Roberti Duke of Albany, governor of Scotland, anno 1409. He married one of the daughters and co-heiresess of Sir John Gifford, Lord of Yester, by whom he got a considerable accession to his estate, and by her he had issue, a son and successor : VIII. Sir THOM AS BovD, Lord of Kilmarnock, who, being a man of parts, made a great figure in the reign King James I., and was one of the sureties for him when he came to Scotland, to concert meas­ ure with his subjects about his liberty, anno 1421. And was appointed one of the hostages for his ran­ som, anno 14'24. He married Janet, daughter of ~ Montgomery of Ardrossau, by whom he had two sons, Sir Thomas died anno 1431, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Sir Thomas Boyd, Lord of Kilmarnock, who had two sons and two daughters. He was killed at Craignaughthill in Renfrewshire on the 9th of July, 14.89, by Sir Alexander Stew­ art in revenge of Lord Darnley's death, whom Sir Thomas had killed some time before. He was succeeded by his eldest son, X. Sir ROBERT Bovo, Lord of Kilmarnock, who was a man of great parts and an eminent states­ man, He was in high favor with King James II., who created him a lord of parliament by the title of Lord Boyd, anno 14 'l~\ and that same year he was one of the commissioners appointed to treat of a peace with the English, when a truce was concluded, After the death of King James IL the Lord Boyd was appointed justiciar of Scotland and one of the lords of the regency together with the archbishops of St. Andrews and Glasgow, the bishop of Dunkeld, the Earl of Orkney, the Lords Graham, Kennedy and Evandale, who was chancellor; and it is acknowl­ edged by all historians that the affairs of the nation were for several years managed with great pru­ dence, equity and justice. The Lord Boyd was twice sent one of the ambassadors extraordinary to the court of England in the years 146-1 and l-!6F>, and wnducted bis negotiations with great dexterity, honor and fidelity.

TANTALLON CASTLE.

15

He was present however at Stirling at the coronation of James V., 21 September, 1513, and was an adviser of the Queen-mother as Regent. He was also Provost of Edinburgh that year, and in January, 1514, was dead. He was buried in the monastery of St. Ninian at Whithorn, Wigton, his heart being taken to the church of St. Bride at Douglas. His children by Elizabeth Boyd were: George, Master of Angus, killed at Flodden. Sir William of Glenbervie and Braidwood. Gavin, Bishop of Dunkeld. Archibald of Kilspindie. Marion, who married the Earl of Glencairn. Elizabeth, who married Robert son of Lord Lyle. Janet, who married Andrew, Lord Herries. The Earl of Angus is more familiar to recent generations as being one of the principal characters in Sir Walter Scott's "Marmion." "Angus, my hasty speech forgive! For sure as doth his spirit Ii ve, As he said of the Douglas old, I well may say of you,- That never king did subject hold, In speech more free, in war more bold, More tender and more true." Page 264, Canto V, of Marmion. "Fierce he broke forth -- • And darest thou then To beard the lion in his den, The Douglas in his hall? And hopest thou hence unscathed to go? No! by Saint Bride of Bothwell, no!'" Page 325, Canto VI, of i/£armion.

After the death of Archbishop Kennedy the chief management of all public affairs devolved upon the Lord Boyd, who "\Vas a man of fine address and great authority and power. His brother Sir Alexan­ der was employed to teach the king the manly and military exercises, and consequently much about his person; ju short, there was scarce anybody could have access to his Ivlajesty without the Boyds' per­ mission. The king was still in the palace of Linlithgow, where the Lord Kennedy, one of the regents (and no friend of the Boyds), kept a very watchful eye over him; the Lord Boyd therefore thought it necessary for his own interest to have his Majesty out of Lord Kennedy's hands, which, by the blind of a hunting match (no doubt with his 1\.1:ajesty's approbation) he accomplished and got him safely con­ ducted to Edinburgh, much against the Lord Kennedy's inclination, but where he was afterwards en­ tirel v under the direction of the Boyds. However, Lord Boyd, like a wise statesman, prevailed with the king to call a parliament, wherein it was declared that the Lord Boyd had done the king and country good service in bringing his Majesty from Linlithgow to Edinburgh, and he was entirely acquitted thereof; this act of exoneration passed :l5th October, 14hti. And further, the Lord Boyd was declared governor to the young king and his brother, ex consensu dominorum concilii" nostri, etc., which was also ratified in parliament. Upon the death of Lord Livingston, he was appointed great chamberlain of Scotland. by a charter from the king, anno 14fi7. He got charter under the great seal of a vast number of lands and baronies, RIWerto domino Boyd, gubernatori regnz" et regis, etc., z'nter U(lli et l4F9. About this time the Lord Boyd's eldest son, who was certainly one of the most accomplished men in the kingdom, married Lady Mary Stewart, the king's eldest sister, with the consent and approbation of his lvla3esty. He got by her a great accession to his estate, aud was by King James III. created Earl of Arran; this indeed greatly aggrandized his family, and at the same time was one of the causes of its being so soon pulled down and brought to ruin They became greatly envied by some, and for their exorbitant power, and their having engrossed the whole authority of the nation to themselves) were as much hated by others. And though there are no particular misdemeanors or acts of oppression laid to their charge, yet their enemies became innumerable. The old lord was obliged to be much from court, in the execution of his office of great chamberlain; his son the Earl of Arran was at Denmark upon an embassy, and his lady with him, who always ac­ companied him wherever he went. The enemies of the family took that opporlunity of working their ruin. They first got the king's favor and affection alienated from them ; they then prevailed with his Majesty to call a parliament in 14:·9, to which Lord Boyd, his son the Earl of Arran, and his brother Sir Alexander Boyd of Duncow. were summoned to appear, and answer for such crimes as should be exhibited against them. The old lord being sensible of the great authority and power of the faction 16

"The ruins of Tantallon Castle occupy a high rock projecting into the German Ocean, about two miles east of North Berwick. The cir­ cuit is of large extent, fenced upon three sides by the pr~ipice which overhangs the sea, and on the fourth by a double ditch and very strong outworks. Tantallon was a principal castle of the Douglas family, and when the Earl of Angus was banished in 1527, it continued to held out against James V."

DOUGLAS OF GLENBERVIE. When King Edward I. left the Castle of Kincardine he passed to "the mountagne of Glonberwy," or Glenbervie, and there he remained for the night. Both history and tradition corroborate the fact of a castle having been at Glenbervie from a very remote period. The old castle is believed to have occupied nearly the same site on the Bervie Water as the present mansion house, and at the time of the king's visit belonged to the Melvilles. " Johannes de Malevill, miles," submitted to Edward at Lumphanan, Aberdeenshire, 21 July, 1296. The origin of the family is in obscurity. A renewed monument of 1680 gives the deeds and alliances of Glenbervie back to A. D. 730. One of the Melvilles, a sheriff of Kincardine, was boiled in a caldron on the hill of Garvock as mentioned by Sir Walter Scott. In 1468 Alex­ ander Melville's only daughter was married to Sir Alexander Auchin­ leck, and then to the Douglas family came Glenbervie through their granddaughter. 24 April, 1675, Captain, afterward Sir Robert Douglas, sold the lands and barony of Glenbervie to Robert Burnett. His granddaughter, Catherine, wife of George Gordon of Buckie, sold 6 March, 1721, to Sir William Nicolson of Mergy. From the Nicolsons through the female line it passed to the wife of Dr. Bad­ enoch of Arthurhouse, and is now held by A. Badenoch Nicolson, Esq. The burial vault of the lairds of Glenbervie, which formed the chancel end of the old kirk, stands in the churchyard covered with ivy and shaded by yew trees. It contains an interesting monument, before mentioned, on which is an inscription ; a free translation of the commencement is as follows: Elizabeth Melvil, having married John Achfleck, of that ilk, bore to him James, father of the heiress of Glenbervie, who married Sir William Douglas of Bredwood, second son of Archibald, Earl of Angus, commonly called Bell the Cat. that was formed against him, and being also shocked at the king's so suddenly withdrawing his coun­ tenance from him, did not think fit to appear and stand his trial, but retired to England, and died at Alnwick the year thereafter, anno 1470. His son, the Earl of Arran, was out of the kingdom, so could not attend; but his brother, Sir Alex­ ander, trusting to his own innocence, appeared and stood his trial. The chief crime of which they were all accused was their carrying off the king from Linlithgow to Edinburgh, whic~ was declared treason; and though they were all acquitted for that crime, by act of parliament anno 14ti6, as before observed, yet the torrent against them was now become so violent that the old lord and his son were found guilty of treason) condemned in absence, and all their estates and honors were forfeited to the crown. Sir Alexander, who stood his trial, was found guilty art and part of carrying the king from Linlithgow, con­ demned, and executed on the Castle-hill, anno 1469. Robert, Lord Boyd, married Mariota, daughter of Sir Robert Maxwell of Calderwood, by whom he had three sons and one daughter. 1. THOMAS, Earl of Arran. 2. ALEXANDER, who carried on the line of this family. 3. ARCHIHALD, first of the Boyds of Bonshaw. His daughter, ELIZABETH, married Archibald, fifth Earl of Angus, lord high chancellor of Scotland. (Douglas Peerage.) 17

Sir William Douglas was the second son of Archibald, fifth Earl of Angus. The year of his birth is not known, but he is first named in a letter of gift by King James the Fourth, in 1492, conferring upon him the ward of the lands of the deceased James Auchinleck, late son and heir of Sir John Auchinleck of that ilk. In this gift was also included the marriage of Elizabeth Auchinleck, daughter and heiress of James Auchinleck, with a provision that should William Douglas die or refuse to marry the lady, she should become the ward of the Earl of Angus. The latter, although the gift was made to his son, appears in after proceedings as the real or acting tutor. The first effect of this gift was to involve the Earl of Angus in a considerable amount of litigation, chiefly to vindicate the rights of his ward to the rents of certain lands which were withheld by her relatives. These lands included the half of the barony of Glenbervie, which, in 1445, was the property of two sisters, daughters and co­ heiresses of Alexander Melville of Glenbervie. Elizabeth, the elder of the two sisters, married Sir John Auchinleck of Auchinleck, in Ayrshire, while her sister, Giles or Egidia, married James Auchinleck, younger brother of Sir John, without issue. Sir John Auchinleck and Elizabeth Melville had a son, James, who, in 1480, married Egidia Ross of Hawkhead, and was the father of Elizabeth Auchinleck, the wife of Sir William Douglas. When James Auchinleck and Egidia Ross were married, Sir John became bound to infeft her in the lands of Rogertoun, in the barony of Auchinleck. Shortly after the gift of the ward of Elizabeth Auchinleck, the Earl of Angus, as her tutor, instituted legal proceedings against her grand­ father, Sir John Auchinleck, for the rents of half the barony of Glen­ bervie, and also in regard to the lands of Rogertoun. Sir John had become possessed of the whole barony of Glenbervie under a resigna­ tion by Elizabeth and Giles Melville in 1445, and subsequently by a royal charter followed by sasine. The Earl of Angus was successful in both actions, Sir John Auchinleck being adjudged to pay £500 on account of the rents of Glenbervie, and to infeft Elizabeth Auchinleck in the lands of Rogertoun. Besides these questions affecting her lands, Elizabeth Auchinleck and her tutors were assailed from another quarter, by an attack upon her legitimacy. In an action before the official of the Commissary Court at Glasgow, Mr. John Auchinleck, a Canon of Brechin, second son and apparent heir of Sir John Auchinleck, claimed to be the near­ est heir of Elizabeth and Egidia Melville. He asserted that Elizabeth Auchinleck could not be the nearest heir of these ladies, because not only was her father married to a first wife related within the forbidden degrees to Egidia Ross, mother of Elizabeth, but also the marriage with Egidia Ross was contracted and solemnized in an irregular man­ ner. On proof being led, however, these averments were set aside, and it was formally decided that Elizabeth Auchinleck was the lawful off­ spring of her parents. William Douglas and Elizabeth Auchinleck were married before December, 1501, while she was still under age. This last fact is proved 18

by a statement made by Douglas before the Lords of Council under somewhat peculiar circumstances. It would appear that he and his wife, in obtaining her service as heiress of the lands of Glenbervie, had made no return of the value of the estate. For this they were sum­ moned on behalf of the Crown, aud Douglas attended and made an explanation. He stated that he was young and unskilled in law, that his father the Earl of Angus, who was the tutor of his wife, was then in ward in Dunbarton Castle, and he had no fit procurator or advo­ cate; besides which his father had the custody of the writs of the estate. He further, on learning that the retour was legally invalid, ex­ plained that his father, the Earl of Angus, hearing that he had been sum­ moned to the action in his capacity as tutor, begged the constable of Dunbarton to permit him to go forth to defend the lands, but the con­ stable refused to do so without a written mandate from the king. William Douglas then petitioned that Mr. James Henryson, the king's advo­ cate, might act for him, but the Council refused, as the advocate was engaged for the Crown. Douglas then, as a final proof that the title deeds of the estate could not be produced by him, presented a notarial instrument relating an interview between himself and his father. He had gone in person to Dunbarton, and earnestly begged his father to deliver to him the various charters and writs belonging to the lands. But the Earl replied in the negative, saying, "I am unwilling to give you the writs because it is sufficiently evident that I am summoned as tutor of Elizabeth, and I am the principal in the case, and in this cas­ tle I stay by the royal command, nor can I compear personally for my own interest, without license from the king." Whether this statement satisfied the Council is not known, as the sequel is not recorded, but the Earl was still in ward two months later. In 1505, William Douglas and his wife made a claim to a share of the lands of Auchinleck in Ayrshire, which were also claimed by a daughter of Sir John Auchinleck. Neither party was successful, as the lands were taken possession of by the crown, and bestowed upon Thomas Boswell, a retainer of the king. At a later date ecclesiasti­ cal censure was directed against the Laird of Glenbervie and his spouse, on account of their marriage, they being within the forbidden degrees, and in 1509 they obtained a dispensation sanctioning their union. Their tenure of Glenbervie also was still insecure, as it was disputed by James Auchinleck, a son of that Mr. John Auchinleck who pursued the action of legitimacy in 1494, and who had been infeft in Auchinleck in 1489, on his father's resignation. The parties at last agreed to submit their claims to arbitration, when a decision was given against James Auchinleck, and Sir William Douglas and his wife re­ mained in possession. At some period not recorded, but perhaps at this time, they had their lands erected into a barony in favor of themselves and their heirs. A month or two after the submission they conveyed to James Auchinleck, under reversion, a portion of the lands of Glenbervie, but the right of regress to these was secured by a royal charter. 19

In the various documents relating to William Douglas, his history is chiefly bound up with that of his wife, but a few references to him­ self personally have been found. In 1493, while his father was chan­ cellor, he profited by the forfeiture of John, Lord of the Isles, and received from the estates of that nobleman the lands of Grenane in Ayrshire, a grant which, for some reason, was repeated in 1509. In 1498 his name was inserted in the charter by his father to Janet Ken­ nedy, of the lands of Braidwood in Lanarkshire, as an heir of entail, and in 1510 these lands were conveyed to himself separately. The lands of Braidwood were probably intended as compensation for the lands of Bothwell, in which William Douglas had been infeft in 1504, but which were afterwards, in 1510, conveyed to Janet Kennedy for life. Previous to 1.510 he received the honor of knighthood. Sir William Douglas was a witness to a charter by his father, at Edin­ burgh, in February, 1511. Two years later Sir William Douglas accompanied his elder brother to the field of Flodden. There, according to Godscroft, he distin­ guished himself by a valiant but unsuccessful attempt to defend the bridge over the river Till to cover the retreat of his fugitive countrymen. Mindful of his father's instructions to fight bravely and preserve the Douglas standard at all risks, Sir William, after the de­ feat of the Scots was certain. fought his way out of the melee, and, by displaying the Douglas banner, gathered to him a party of friends and followers to the number of four or five hundred men. With these, as he was not far from the Till, he hoped to gain the bridge and defend it with a few while the others escaped. But Lord Howard, perceiving the movement, inquired whose standard it was which thus retired dis­ played, and on learning that it was the banner of Douglas, he sent Lord Dacre with a large body of horse to attack Sir William, de­ claring that the victory would not be perfect if that standard left the field unharmed. Finding that his men, who were all on foot, could not reach the bridge before the English cavalry, Sir William Douglas drew up his small force upon a hill, where, after a great slaughter of the enemy, he was slain. Of his comrades only twenty-four escaped, one of these, according to Godscroft, being a servant of Sir William, who lived to tell the story to the great-grandson of his master, the tenth Earl of Angus, who died at Paris in 1610. Sir William Douglas was survived by his wife, Elizabeth Auchinleck, who, a few years after the death of her husband, retired to the con­ vent of St. John, near the Boroughmuir of Edinburgh. Before taking the veil she entered into a contract with Gavin, Bishop of Dunkeld, the brother of her late husband, securing her son, Archibald Douglas, in the barony of Glenbervie and other lands, in terms of the charter by the late king, subject to a yearly payment of twenty pounds to the prioress and convent of St. John, under reversion, and an annuity of eighty pounds to herself. She also appointed the bishop tutor to his nephew and transferred all her rights to him, except that she should have control over the marriage of her son. 20

Sir William Douglas of Glenbervie and Braidwood and his wife, Elizabeth Auchinleck, had issue only one son, Archibald. Sm ARCHIBALD DouGLAS of Glenbervie, who succeeded him, and had the honor of knighthood conferred upon him by King James V. He married, I st, Lady Anges Keith, daughter of William, third Earl Marishall, and got a charter under the great seal, domino Archibaldo Douglas de Glenbervie, et dominae Agnetae Keith, ejus conjugi, pro bono /ideli et gratuito fervitio, nobis, per dictum Archibaldum, impenso, etc., Iotas et integras terras et baroniam de Glenbervie, cum turre, fortalicio, etc., etc., dated 14th April, 1542. By this lady he had only one son. Sm WILLIAM, his heir. He married, 2d, Mary [Elizabeth J daughter of Sir Alexander Irvine of Drum, by w horn he had two sons and six

* William de lrwyn (1260-1335), a son of Irwyn of Boushaw, County Dumfries, was armor-bearer to King Robert Bruce, from whom in 13:l3 he got the royal forest of Drum, which by charter, 4 October, 1324, was erected into a free barony. This charter is still preserved at Drum Castle. He also had from David Bruce in 1~32 Whiteriggs and Redmyres. His son was William, called Alexander, who lived from 1317-1390. He married a daughter of Sir Robert Keith (who was killed at the battle of Durham) by Margaret, daughter of Sir Gilbert Hay, Lord High Constable. Their son Alexander held command of the Lowland forces at Harlaw in 1411, where he was killed, He married a daughter of Sir Thomas Montfort of Lomnay. His son Alexander was at the battle of Harlaw, was captain and governor of the Burgh of Aber­ deen in 1440. A monument to him is in Drum's aisle in the East West Parish Church, Aberdeen, He married Elizabeth, second daughter of Sir Robert Keith, Great Marischal. His son Alexander infeft of the lands of Lomnay, Savoch, Corkellie and Carness in Buchan. He married a daughter of Abernethy of Saltoun. His son Alexander was infeft of the Forest of Drum and lands of Lomnay, 1457, He married Marion, third daughter of Alexander, first Lord Forbes, and died 1493. His son Sir Alexander received a charter of Forglen in 1499, also under Great Seal, in 1506, Drum, Lomnay, Auchindour and Farland. He was sheriff of Aberdeen in 1492. He married Janet Allardes of Allardea. His son Alexander was killed at the battle of Pinkie. His daughter Elizabeth married Sir Archibald Douglas.

GLENBERVIE HOUSE

21

A member of a younger branch of the family of the Earls of Doug­ las and Angus, this branch, as stated, furnished the ninth and tenth Earls of Angus, and from Sir Robert the tenth earl's brother, and the son of the ninth earl, Sir Robert is descended, while from John, brother of the ninth earl, is descended the Douglas family of Blackmiln, as Sir Robert Douglas states in his Baronage, which statement is ac­ cepted and repeated in all later works on the Scottish Baronetage. Sir Robert Douglas, the compiler, was born, in 1693, and died be­ tween 24 and 29 April, 1770. He was thus the contemporary and probably born about the same time as Robert Douglas of Blackmiln, who was married, about 1715, to Barbara Farquharson of Whitehouse.

The Testament Testamentar and Inventory of the goods, etc., pertaining to umquhile Archibald Douglas of Glenbervie in the Mernis, the time of his death, who died on 29th September 1570; Given up by himself at the place of Glenbervie the 28th September 1570. Witnesses, David Stewart in Inchbrek, Henry Irving in Cuthill, George Falconer in Tanachy, John Cristesoun person of Glenbervie and Robert Neilson notary public. Sum of the Inventory £2030 5 4. Debts due by Thomas Davidsoun in Grenard, William Bisset at the mylne of Barras, Thomas Erskine in Brigfurd, John Spark, Patrick Spark, the Cottars of Glenbervie, and Over Kynmonth, the tenants of Braidllie, Walter Brown in Halk­ hill, and others. Sum of Said debts with Inventory £2455 17 4. Debts due by him to Agnes and Marion Douglas his daughters, by virtue of their mother's Confirmed Testament and a Contract, £1000: To Archibald Douglas 8 merks, Jane Douglas £20, &c. Sum of debts due by deceased £1495 3 4. Free gear £u60 14. At the Place of Glenbervie 28 September 1570. By his Latter Will he ordains that William Douglas his eldest son intromitt after his death, receive his daughters Agnes, Marion and Katharine Douglas, treat and honestly intertain them and their gear forthcoming to them and to marry them honourably according to his honour; To Jane Skene his oy he leaves £40, if her father subscribe the acquittance of his wife's marriage good and bairn's pairt of gear, as the rest of his guidsons have done; and to Agnes and Marion Donglas 200 merks, To Katharine Donglas his daughter 100 merks; He leaves the guiding and governing of his sons James Douglas,John Douglas and Sara Douglas to Bessie Irving his spouse, their mother till they be 14 years of age, and the saids John, Archibald and Sara's gear to be laid upon land, and the profit thereof forthcoming to them to support them in their minority, except 41 merks of the mails of Drumlochy to be yearly delivered by the said Bessie Irving to sustain the said James upon at "scules" and in "meit and claith," and Constitutes the said Bessie Irving his spouse tutrix Testamentar to the said James his son till he be 14 years of age; and in the event of her marriage or decease, her powers to go to the said William Douglas his eldest son : He appoints James Melvill of Allagavin, David Stewart in Inchebrek, Henry Irving in Cnthill arnl George Falconar in Tanachy his Executors, and James Earl of Morton, Alexander Falconer of Halkertoun and Andro Keith of Craig, oversman in his Testament. Confirmed 18 March 158:l-3.-(Edinburgh Commissariot Testaments. Vol.12.) In this will of Sir Archibald Douglas of Glenbervie, we find men­ tion of the second wife as Bessie Irvine, which corrects the name of Mary Irvine, given in the Baronetage, compiled by Sir Robert Doug­ las, and adds another son, Archibald, and Agnes, Marion and Kathe­ rine, daughters not mentioned by Douglas. From the son James, an­ cestor of the Douglases, of Whitrigs, Fechil and Brigton, was de- 22

scended Sylvester Douglas, created Lord Glenbervie in 1800, being a son of John Douglas, of Fechil, and born in 17 43. Sir Robert Douglas states John, son o.f Sir Archibald, was ancestor of the Douglases o.f Cruixton, Quarrelholes, and B!ackmill in Cromar. There are several Cruixtons, or Crookstons, in North Britain, but by an examination of the Service of Heirs, in 1736, we find Robert Douglas, of Cruckstown, served heir-general to his father, Robert Douglas, soap boiler in Leith. An examination of the Edinburgh sasines shows that William Cruikstoun had the lands of Cruikston, in 1618; but in the last part of the century we find, 18 November, 1697, a sasine wherein James Blaick, in Inveresk, and Catherine Weems, his spouse, in life rent, of an annual rent purchased of Alexander Doug­ las, merchant, in Dalkeith, his four oxengate of land of the town and lands of Inveresk, his dwelling houses in Inveresk, the house called Cruixtown, yard and office houses thereof. (Edinburgh Sasines, Lib. 57, fol. 297.) . 15 October, 1700, Alexander Douglas, son to Robert Douglas, younger, merchant in Leith, of four oxengate of land with the per­ tinents and house of Cruickstown yard and houses in Inveresk. (Lib. 62, fol. 21.) Previous to this is a sasine, of 30 September, 1696 Margaret Rob­ ertson, relict of Robert Douglas, younger, merchant, in Leith, of an annuity of three hundred marks, and John Henderson, of Cruixtoun, and Christian Smith, his spouse, of four oxgates in Inveresk, etc. (Lib. 56, fol. 50.) 7 December, 1703, a sasine, Robert Douglas, younger, soap boiler, in Leith, and Robert Douglas, his second son, of several oxengates of land in and about Inveresk, and house of Cruixtoun. (Lib. 67, fol. 50.) 3 November, 1708, Robert Douglas, soap boiler in Leith, of the lands of Cruickstoun and tenements in Inveresk. (Lib. 74, fol. 341.) 1 March, 1734, Robert Douglas, of Crookston, of the lands of Brookhouse. (Lib. 113, fol. 205.) 6 March, 17 38, Robert Douglas, of Brookhouse, late of Crookstone, soap boiler in Leith, of two @ rents, etc. (Lib. 120, fol. 271.) 10 June, 1737, Commissioners of H. M. Excise to Robert Douglas, of Cruickstown, late soap boiler, in Leith, of four oxengates of land of the lands of Inveresk. ( Lib. 119, fol. 84.) This places the Douglases of Cruixton in the parish of Inveresk. This parish is but a short distance from Edinburgh and following the coast from Leith one passes through Portabello, Joppa to Mussel bor­ ough which is a port of the parish of Inveresk. Musselborough, how­ ever, is a town of great antiquity and a burgh of regality. It is gov­ erned by a provost, three bailies, a treasurer and seven councillors. An examination of the records discloses that the office of bailie was held several times in the Douglas family. The river Esk divides Mussel borough in two equal parts, that on the west is called Fisherrow. The magistrates have no jurisdiction over Inveresk village in which is the parish church, on the hill of Inveresk. On a road crossing the 23

North British Railway near Inveresk station and leading westward is the estate of Crookston, now a farm occupied by Mr. James Eaglesham. The house, a fairly modern one, gives a view from the front of the battlefield of Pinkie ( 1517), with the sea beyond, while to the left are seen the Salisbury Craigs and Arthur's Seat with Edinburgh and Leith. To the south is Carberry Hill, celebrated for the surrender of Queen Mary to the confederated nobility in 1567 and where she parted from Bothwell. Near by is Pinkie House, one of the best specimens of an old Scottish manor house in the county. In August, 1902, were com­ pleted new school buildings adjoining the farm which are known as Crookston Schools. We find the Douglas family interested in the Inveresk lands as far back as G August, 1608. Sasine on Resignation of Robert Douglas, tailor, brother german and heir of the late Mr. John Douglas, lawful son of the late Mr. John Douglas, elder, writer in the town of Inveresk, in favor of Mr. George Nisbet schoolmaster of the Burgh of Mussl­ burgh and Euphame Douglas his spouse, in life rent, and John Nisbet their son their heirs and assignees heritably ; of the rig of land called Gairntown rig, lying within the liberty of the burgh of Mussellburgh etc. Sasine given on 4 August, 1608. (Vol. X., fol. 218.) On the same date is recorded sasine given in favor of Robert Douglas, tailor, brother german of the late Mr. John Douglas in Inveresk as lawful and nearest heir to him ofGairnton rig. (Vol. X.,fol. 219.) The parish register of Inveresk begins in 1607 and contains many items on the Douglas name and we find evidence of the connection of those of the name in Inveresk and of the adjoining parish of South Leith. In South Leith the family attained some prominence commercially during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. "Considering that Robert Douglas, soapboyler in Leith hath for these many years been a great promoter of manufactories and particu­ larly has much advanced the manufactory of Soap and for that end did much contribut to the setting up of the trade to Archangel in Russia and to Greenland. As hath also laid out a great part of his stock in building and preparing soap and sugar work which he still intends to prosecute with further improvements and likeways to sett up two other manufactories viz. one for making of white and painted earthern vessels and pots commonly called learn or purselein, and another for making of starch which may tend to the great advantage of the realm." On account of the above by Act of the Scotch Parliament, 1695, he was granted privileges due from previous Acts and especially to make and vend Rhum to the quantity of eighteen tuns yearly free of all customs and excise. This was granted in his and his son Robert's favor for next nineteen years. By going back to the sasine already referred to, in 1608 we find Robert Douglas, tailor, brother german of the late Mr. John Douglas, lawful son of the late John Douglas, the elder, writer in Inveresk. In John Douglas, writer, we identify John, the son of Archibald 24

Douglas, of Glenbervie, his minor child, mentioned in his will made in 1570. In the South Leith register under date 16 August, 1590, we find Archibald Douglas and Agnes Wilson were proclaimed and 20 April, 1600, they had a daughter Bessie baptized. There was a son, of Archi­ bald of Glenbervie, mentioned in his will of the name of Archibald, and we find an Archibald in close connection with a John Douglas in South Leith at this time. John Douglas married Alyson Beard and had baptized in South Leith church: William, baptized 20 July, 1600. Bessie, baptized 9 October, 1604. James, baptized 16 November, 1606. In the Inveresk register we find that John Douglas had baptized 27 March, 1608-9, two twins, John and Janet. In South Leith then we have the late John Douglas, son of John Douglas, writer, both of whom were dead in 1608. In South Leith we find also a James Douglas, who had 7 March, 1612-13 a son Archibald baptized with Archibald Douglas, knight, as witness. In Inveresk, Robert Douglas, tailor, had Catherine baptized in 1608, Robert in 1611 and Margaret in 1612, and was ancestor of the Inver­ esk family, though there were other families of the name there as well as in South Leith. The records of deaths in South Leith furnish the most valuable items for information, but unfortunately they do not commence till 1700. 27 January, 1710-11, we find that Henry, son to Robert Doug­ las, younger, soap boiler in Leith, aged nine years, 1 month, died in the middle of the Kirkgate and was buried 28 January. 12 July, 1710, Robert Douglas, son to Robert Douglas, merchant, and soap boiler in Leith, and Rachell McFarlane his spouse had sasine of a great new tenement of land, called Coatfield, lying on the east side of the Kirkgate of Leith. The Kirkgate is a well known street in Leith, and situated on this street is South Leith church, in which are recorded the baptisms, marriages and deaths of the Douglas family ; and in the churchyard they were probably buried, though no gravestone can be found bearing their name, the gravestones now standing are all of more recent dates. As stated, the family were of some importance in Leith, and in the last part of the seventeenth century Robert Douglas established the soap industry, and also the manufacture of a porcelain called learn ware. The Douglas family held lands at Restalrig and Piershill in the vicinity. There was also a place known as Nether Quarrelholes. 20 July, 1600, in South Leith, as already stated, John Douglqs and Alyson Beard had their infant baptized, named William. The father died shortly after, previous to 1608, the child was prob­ ably taken by his relatives, the Glenbervie family, for the purpose of education, and we thus find at Aberdeen, rather than Edinburgh, ad­ mitted, in 1621, at Marischal College, Gulielmus Douglas, who was 25 later to become minister at Aboyne in the Dee Valley, before 1630. (Privy Council, 1630, p. 580.) We have thus traced the descent of this branch of the family from Sir Archibald Douglas of Glenbervie to Rev. William Douglas of Aboyne, who was the first of the name possessed of the lands of Blackmiln, thus confirming the statement of Sir Robert Douglas m his Baronage of Scotland. ( p. 19.)

DOUGLAS OF BLACKMILN. "1643, June 16. Sasine on charter of alienation by James, Viscount of Aboyne, to Mr. William Douglas, minister at Aboyne, his heirs male and assignees, heritably of three quarters of Auchterdere with the Blackmiln lands, mills, multures, &c. lyi'ng in the parish of Colies­ toun; Redeemable for 7000 merks. At Aberdeen 4 June 1643. Sasine given on 14 June, 1643." (Aberdeen Register of Sasines, Vol. XII., fol. 420.) Auchtercoul, 4 January, 1548, John Coutts sold to Margaret, daugh­ ter of Alexander Forbes, of Towie, Blackmill with the multures and mill lands thereof. (Great Seal, XXX. 400.) 31 August, 1550, Margaret Forbes conveys them to her brother John Forbes of Towie. ( Great Seal, XXX. 546.) 16 May, 1562, John Forbes conveyed to his cousin Patrick, son of George Gordon, of Lesmoir, then afterward to become the property of the Gordons, who were Earls of Huntley and Aboyne. 29 November, 1564, James Gordon was heir of Patrick Gordon, the legitimate and natural son of George Gordon, of Lesmoir, his brother german of the lands of Auchterarie, Tulloch, Tanameyen and Black­ myln. ( Retours Abbreviat.) 20 December, 157 4, John Gordon, of Glascow forest, was heir to James Gordon, of Auchtirarine, his brother german of lands of Auch­ tirarne, Tulloch, Tanamayne and Blackmyln. ( Retours.) In 1638, we find George, Marquis of Huntly, heir to his father, the late marquis, with other lands those of Blackmyln in the parish of Coldstane. The church in which William Douglas preached was at the Kirk- · ton, of Aboyne, situated about a mile from the present village centre. In the neighborhood were many houses which have disappeared. The ruins of the church still stand, and near by is the old graveyard, in which are some stones of recent dates. The church was part kirk and part manse, and prettily located, commanding a lovely view of a small loch skirted with woodland. The outer dimensions of the walls are about 4.'i x 17 feet and they are three feet thick. Douglas was deposed from Aboyne church in 1644. By Act of the General Assembly, 7 August, 1648, he was reponed. He petitioned Par­ liament 27 July, 1649, showing he had lent the Committee of Estates XIII marks at Whitsunday, 1648, and was then reduced to such poverty he was not able to maintain his family and educate his children. 31 August, 1649, Parliament ordered his claim paid. 21 June, 1661, Parliament ordered £100 to be paid him for suffering and losses. 26

As minister at Aboyne he was frequently in contact with the Gor­ dons, the Marquis of Huntly's family. They were Catholics and a priest, Gilbert Blackhal, in "A brieff narration of the services done to three noble ladyes," one of whom was Lady Sophia, wife of Lord Aboyne, makes mention of Rev. William Douglas. Rev. William Douglas had two children, William, and a daughter who married William Forbes of Pittlachie. William Douglas, younger, was admitted to Marischal College in 1643. He was admitted to the church at Midmar between 21 April and 20 October, 1659. The Gaelic words, Magh-barr (the head of the plain) are quite de­ scriptive of the situation of both the kirk and parish of Midmar. The old church of Midmar is a roofless, picturesque ruin and situated upon a hillock which is washed on the north by a burn. Near the church is a larger knoll, called the Coningare, originally formed by the eddy­ ing of water at some very remote period. The ruins of the old kirk are covered with ivy, and the churchyard is shaded by some old trees. Upon the lintel of one door is the date of 1677 and the style is that of the Second Episcopacy (1661-1689). The intermediate south doors, and very small windows close to the doors, meant perhaps as a private door for the minister's use, and per­ haps for access to important pews, as was the custom. Over one of these doors are A. F. I. F., probably for Forbes of Midmar. A later eighteenth century addition shows probably an alteration to erect a new pulpit, and the roof was cut and a new gable built in the south wall. Windows are in the south side, to give light and the sun's heat, and none on the north side, and so to shut out the cold northern sky. The two-light transomed square-headed east window is an expression of a Gothic idea, for that period. The church is about 45 x 20 feet, the doors are less than 5 feet, 9 inches high. The church area is divided into four compartments. Three of these are for the heritors of Corsindae, Kebbity and Mid­ mar. The fourth is for the parish ministers. The oldest gravestone bears the date of 1575. On the south side of the kirk are the gravestones of the Tytler family, from whom sprung William Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee, the lawyer and antiquary. The old church was built in 1677, during the ministry of Rev. Wil­ liam Douglas. The present church was built in 1684, and is north of the old kirkyard. Rev. William Douglas died after 18 March, 1679, leaving two sons and two daughters ( Robert, William, Helen and Margaret) to w horn Robert Douglas, soap boiler, was served nearest agnate (by the father's side), 11 August, 1688. " Robertus Dowglas smegmatis coctor in Leith propinquior agnatus id est consanguineus ex parte patris Robertus, Willielmi, Helenae et Margaretae Dowglasses liberorum magistri Willelimi Dowglass minis­ tri verbi Dei apud ecclesiam de Midmar." XL., 246. ( Inquisitiones de Tutela, 1110.)

RUINS OF THE CHUF!CH. KIRKTON OF ABOYNE.

27

In the above we have plainly stated the near relatiomship between the Blackmiln and the Cruixtoun, or South Leith families. The following item is also found in the register of South Leith church: "Mary daughter to Mr. William Douglas, late minister of the Gos­ pel at Midmar, in the Shire of Aberdeen, died in the middle of the Kirkgate at the Thirtieth and first year of her age, on the Fourteenth day and was buryed on the Sixteenth day of June 1705." In 1707 Archibald, son to Robert Douglas, younger soap boiler, died in the middle of the Kirkgate. By the sasines we find Robert Douglas, younger, was son of Robert Douglas, elder, soap boiler, and Helen Hunter, and born about 1680. Robert Douglas, elder, was therefore the tutor or guardian of the pupils of 1688 and as nearest agnate a cousin of Rev. William Douglas of Midmar. Mary Douglas who died in 17 05, age thirty-one, was born in 167 4, and being fourteen years would not be a pupil ( absolutely incapable), but being over twelve, a minor, and so not appear in an inquisitione de tutela. Robert Douglas, as eldest son of Rev. William of Midmar, held Blackmiln, which is two miles northwest of Tarland, in the parish of Logie Coldstone. It is on the road from Tarland to Glack. At the present time it is owned by Mr. Hay, the Galleries, Aberdeen, and occupied as a farm by a Mr. Ramsay. The present house and steading were erected some fifty years ago, though it includes some of a previous structure, which, by a sundial preserved, was erected in 1781. A tra­ dition states that an older house stood some short distance away nearer Tarland. Mr. Benner, mason at Aboyne, who is an antiquarian and collector of some local note, had among his treasures the lock from the old house of Blackmiln, which he kindly gave the writer. Robert Douglas, as did his father and grandfather, the ministers of Aboyne and Midmar, attended Marischal College, and we find him there under the date of 1695. In the parish register of Logie Coldstone we find "Master Robert Douglas of Blackmiln had a son baptized called William, December 14, 1716. 6 February 1719, Master Robert Douglas of Blackmiln had a son baptized called Francis. The eldest son, Robert, we do not find re­ corded in Logie Coldstone register. 10 October, 1730, Robert, son of Robert Douglas of Blackmiln, was served as heir general to his great-grandfather, William Douglas, min­ ister, _Aboyne. ( Service of Heirs.) Inventar of the goods, geir, debts, and others underwritten which pertained and were resting owing to the deceased Mr, Robert Douglas of Blackmill the time of his decease, who died in the month of Aprile jm vijc and twenty four years, Faith­ fully given up be Barbara Farquharson his relict, Executrix Testamentrix nominat to him conform to his Latter Will and Testament after specifeit under protestation to eik as comes to her knowledge and that she have retention in her own hands off of the Inventar underwritten of the defunct's funerall expenses, servants fies, maintenance of his family from the time of his decease forsaid to Martinmes there­ after, In respect the defunct died before all cropt jm vijc and twenty four was sown, and the Executrix caused sow the remainder, shear, win and lead the same, and has now given up the same in this present Inventar in manner aftermentioned and also under protestation that the said Executrix have retention in her own hand 'l8

off of the Inventar underwritten of the mournings for herself as the defunct's widow and of the charges of selling and disposing of the said defunct's Executrie and in pursute for and in gathering of the same, and of the expenses of the Con­ firmation of this present Testament and generally of all sums of money charges and expenses which she has debursed or shall beburse anent the present Confirma­ tion any maner of way. In the first under the protestation abovewritten the said Executrix gives up, grants and confesses that the said deceased Mr. Robert Douglass had pertaining and resting owing to him the time of his decease forsaid the particular goods, geir, debts and others underwritten of the quantities, prices and avails following viz:. The haill insight and plenishing of the said defunct's house (including the moveable heirship) Conform to a particular Inventar and appretiation thereof subscrived be John Farquhar in Wester Coul and Lewis Farquharson in Bog all estimat to one hundred eighty nine pounds twelve shillings eight pennies scots off of which is to be deduced the relicts third due to her in virtue of her Contract of Marriage so that remains one hundred twenty six pounds eight shillings six pennies scots. Item three-old horses all estimat by the above named appretiators to twenty one pounds scots money Item ten oxen at twelve pounds apiece overhead, Item Two cows with two calves at eight pounds apiece, two stots and a quoy at four pounds per piece, a cow without a calf at eight pounds with a stot at three pounds extending in all to one hundred fifty nine pounds conforme to an Inventar and appretiation therof subscrived be John Thomson in Dauch and Arthur Copland in Melgum Item the growth and increase of the defunct's corns, bear and oaths which grew upon his possession of the town and lands of Blackmill cropt jm vijc and twenty four years valued by the saids John Farquhar and Lewis Farquharson at the prices following viz: the bear with proof and straw apprysed and valued at seven marks per boll, and all the infield oats with proof and straw estimat and appretiat at five merks eight shillings scots per boll and all the outfield oats with proof and straw estimat and appretiat at five merks per boll, whereof the quantieties under­ written are already casten in viz: eight bolls bear, twenty four bolls outfield oats and fourty one bolls infield oats, and there are to cast in as yet nine bolls bear and nine bolls in town oats deducing fifty five merks as the silver rent of the said posses­ sion with twelve marks and an half of teynd silver, five bolls meal and five bolls malt at four pounds fourty pennies per boll as the rent of the said town of Black­ milne cropt 1724, to which rent the said Executrix hath right by virtue of her life­ rent infeftment of the same. Debts due to the said defunct, the tyme of his decease forsaid. Imprimis by Thomas McNicol near Clova, fourteen pounds scots for two bolls meal, Item be.John Forbes in Daach of Cremar seven merks for a boll of bear and eight merks of money due by two accepted bills, Item eighteen pounds scots lying by the defunct the time of his death. Debts due by the said defunct the time of his death forsaid. Imprimis of servants fies conforme to a particular accompt therof fifty eight pounds six shillings eight pennies scots, Item for the defunct's funeralls eighty three pounds six shillings four pennies scots whereof there was twelve pounds ten pennies scots, paid to William Muilson per his discharged accompt, twenty pounds three shillings four pennies paid to Zacharias Durward merchant per his discharged accompt, Twenty five pounds twelve shillings two pennies to Robert Gelly mer­ chant per his discharged accompt, and the remainder being twenty five pounds scots was debursed be the said Executrix at home for provisions at the funeralls, ltem fourty pounds fifteen shillings three pennies scots paid be the Executrix for mournings to herself per Alexander Robertson's discharged accompt, Item three pounds six shillings paid for making her mournings and a pair of mourning shoes, Item four bolls meal for mantainance of the hooks in harvest at six pounds per boll, Item twenty four pounds scots debursed be the Executrix in money for maintaining the family and furnishing necessaries to the children, Item seven pounds scots paid to the Laird of Blelack for by rest duty of three oxgate of land, Item nine pounds scots paid for the board and school dues of Robert Douglas the defunct's eldest son preceeding the fourteenth of May jm vijc twenty four conforme to a receipt granted be Peter Brown in Charlestoun, Item three pound five shillings six pennies scots due by the defunct to Robert Ronald merchant in Tarland con- 29

forme to his discharged accompt, Item twenty four pounds seventeen shillings scats due by the defunct to Alexander Mitchell, chapman conforme to his dis­ chargd accompt, Item five pounds ten shillings scats due be the defunct to Alex­ ander Wishart merchant in Gellan, conforme to his discharged accompt, Item four pounds scats due be the defunct to Vvilliam Durward chapman conforme to his discharged accompt, Item eight mer ks of annualrent due be the defunct to Mr.John Shepherd minister at Logy Colstone conform to his receipt, Item fifty merks scots due be the defunct to the Laird of Invercauld for teynd tack duty cropt jm vijc and twenty three, per Monaltrie's discharge as factor, Item eight pounds six shillings eight pennies for teynd duty of Blackmilne cropt jm vijc twenty four, (the haill cropt which grew thereon being herewith given up) Item to the Laird of Blelack for the duty of the defunct's possession of three oxgate of land of Blackmilne cropt jm vijc twenty-four, Twenty two pounds four shillings of money rent and seven pounds eight shillings four pennies for six firlots two pecks two hadishes farm meal. Confirmed 15th March 1725, William Durward merchant in Tarland is cautioner.

LATTER WILL. I J'vir. Robert Douglas of Blackmilne being at present in perfect health (praised be God) as also of perfect memory and considering I am but mortall and of frail! condition, and knowing ther is nothing more certaine than death and uncer­ taine than the tyme maner and place therof, reflecting also that it is ane act of prudence in all persons to dispose of their secular affairs while on life, that so no trouble or confusion may arise thereanent after their decease, upon such and the like important considerations I the said Mr. Robert Douglas in good health and perfect memory as said is doe hereby make my Latter Will and testament as fol­ lowes, first I recomend my soul to God depending wholly for Salvation upon the infinite merits of the Lord Jesus Christ the alone all sufficient Savior of sinners, and in lykmanner on the other hand I by the tenour hereof doe decide and dispose of my temporal] concerns in the tearmes and maner efterspecified viz. I make and or·

ing their mother's lifetime, and the legal! annualrent after her decease, consenting for the more securitie (sic) in the books of Council and Session or any other judges books competent within this kingdom, ther to remain for preservation and if need bees that all executorialls may pass hereupon in forme as effeirs and constitutes -­ my lawful! procurators. (In witness whereof) thir presents are written upon stamped paper by me and subscribed with my hand at Blackmilne the -- day of -- Sev­ enteen hundred and twenty three years before these witnesses, George Ogg in Wat­ tererne and Francis Farquharson lawful son to Lues Farquharson in Bogg. (Signed) ROBERT DOUGLAS.

Robert Douglas, elder, married Barbara, daughter of Harry and Barbara (Ross) Farquharson of Whitehouse, Aberdeenshire.*

* Families of this surname were, from the earliest accounts located in Strathdee, in the parishes of Crathie and Ceanndrochaid, or Braemar, County Aberdeen, and were at one time very numerous. The first person :of eminence of the race was Fiounladh IVlor, so called from his great stature. He was head of the clan commonly known in the Highlands as Clan Fiounladh or ·Farquharson of Braemar. Fiounladh was killed at the battle of Pinkie, in 154:7, in the reign of Queen 1\/Iary, and was buried in the churchyard of Inveresk, at a short distance from the field of battle. The place was long known in that parish as the "Long Highlandman's Grave." Fiounladh married first a daughter of the Baron Reid of Kincardine Stewart, and had issue four sons, \\Tilliam, Jan1es, Alexander and John, the de­ scendants of whom generally settled on the borders of the counties of Perth and Angus, south of Braemar; some of them in the district of Athol, who took the name of :i\1'Erachar, the Gaelic for M'Farquhar, the surname of Fiounladh's father, afterwards Farquha.rson, but are all nmv extinct, or nearly so. Fiounladh married secondly, Beatrix Gardyne, daughter of Gardyne of that ilk, or Ban­ chory (now Garden), and had five sons, viz,, Donald, Robert, Lachlan, Fiounladh and George, and five daughters. This lady, the second wife of Fiounladh J\ior, was celebrated as a skilful performer on the harp, and on an occasion of her performing in Queen Mary's presence, her Majesty was so highly gratified as to present her own harp to Beatrix, hailing her as the queen of music and song, and Sappho of the North. She afterwards married Robertson of Lude, of an ancient Perthshire family, and the harp is still in the possession of a descendant of that family, Stuart of Dalguise, County Perth, (See Miss Stricklandis Lives o_f the Queens of Scotland, Dalzell, On 11iusic, and Whyte Melville's The Queen Maries.) The eldest son, DONALD FARQUHARSON, of the Castleton of Braemar and J\.fonaltrie, married, first, Jean Ogilvie, daughter of Newton, and had issue seven sons, viz., Donald, Robert, Alexander, James, John, George and Thomas, and one daughter) Ann, married McPherson of Nuid) afterward Cluny. This Donald of the Castleton and Monaltrie was chamberlain and bailee to George, Earl of Huntly, in Strathdee, then administrator of the earldom of Mar under Queen Mary, and was also under the sign manual of his Majesty James VI. of Scotland in 11)~4, appointed keeper of his forests in Braemar, Cromar and Strath­ dee. (See register of Privy Seal, vol. LI., p. 8,) His eldest son, DONALD FARQUHARSON, married Beatrix, daughter of Gordon of Knockespock, and had issue five sons, Donald Oige, or young Donald, James, Robert, Alexander and David, Donald Oige was colonel of the Braemar and Strathdee men under the illustrious Marquess of Mont­ rose in the time of Charles I. Colonel Farquharson fell in a sudden affray with the Covenanters' horse, led by Sir John Urrie, at Aberdeen, 15 March, 1645, and was buried in the Laird of Drum's Aisle, form­ ing a part of the principal ecclesiastical edifice in that city. Neither the sacrifices which he made in equipping his followers nor his personal exertions ever having been recompensed by Charles II. on his restoration, his son Charles found it necessary to dispose of his paternal property, the lands of Monaltrie, in 170:.::, to Alexander Farquharson, youngest brother of John Farquharson of Illvercauld. JAMES FARQUHARSON"i the immediate younger brother of Col. Donald Farquharson of Monaltrie, purchased the lands of Whitehouse, in Cromar, County Aberdeen. He married first a daughter of Mr. Hay, a lawyer, at Edinburgh, and had two sons, James and David, whose descendants are all now ex­ tinct. He married, secondly, Ann, daughter of Colonel Gardyne, of the Russian service, and by her ac­ quired the lands of Baile-a-Tirach, and had a son, Harrv, who survived him. Mr. James Farquharson died in 161-:G. His son and successor, · HARRY F ARQDHARS0N of \Vhitehouse, married first in 11181, Barbara, daughter of Francis Ross of Achlossen, and had three sons : 1, FRANCIS, his heir; 2} Charles, married a daughter of Grant of Gar­ thenmore, and had two daughters; 3, John, a surgeon in London, married and had a daughter j and three daughters. The eldest married John Forbes of Deskrie; Euphemia, the second, William Stewart of Achoilzie; and Barbara. the third, Robert Douglas of Blackmill. Mr. Farquharson married, secondly, Mrs. Elizabeth Harper, and had by her two sons, Harry and James, the latter of whom died unmarried, and three daughters.

In Drum's Aisle, Aberdeen, is a tablet with this inscription: In Memory of DONALD FARQUHARSON OF 1-iONAL TRIE Chief of his Clan anq. Colonel of a Regiment on the King's side in the Great Civil War He was slain in the Streets of Aberdeen on the night of 15th March and buried in this Aisle with funeral honours especially ordered by the Marquis of Montrosei on the 17th March) 1C45 "A Brave Gentleman and one of the noblest Captains amongst all the Highlanders of Scotland."­ (Spalding.) This Memorial was placed here by Andrew Farquharson of Whitehouse, a lineal descendant of the family of Monaltrie, A. D. 1895. 31

Francis Douglas, his third son, was five years of age at his father's death in 1724. We find no trace of him till 17 43, when he became a burgess of Aberdeen by the payment of twenty-four pounds. As this sum was less than the usual fee, forty pounds, it would seem that he must have served some previous apprenticeship as a baker, in which guild he is enrolled when becoming a burgess.* "At Aberdeen, 15th September, 1743 Eodem die Franciscus Douglas Pistor Receptus et admissus fuit in liberum Burgensem dicti Burgi de Abdn suae artis tan­ tum enods cum omnibus libertatibus et privilegiis diet. artis competen, virtute de­ creti igiter fratres Gildae et Artifices dicti Burgi lati Mense Julio 1587 Pro composi­ tione Viginti quatuor Librarum monetae scotiae solut, Decano Gildae (quia quo fuit liberi artificii dicti Burgi) nee non Praeposito quinque solidos in alba husa est suoris est et prestito et prestito per eundem jurato solito pro solutione cujus compositionis taxation, &c. Alex~ McKenzie Pistor Alredonen, devenit fide super et diet. Fran ciscus Douglas obligavit se ad relevandum suum fide jussorem. ALEXANDER MACKENZIE. FRANC!ii DOUGLASS," (Extracted from the Register of Admissions of Burgesses of Guild and Trade of Aberdeen by Alex. M. Munro.)

Two years later he contracted fresh obligations in Aberdeen. "April 22, 1745, Francis Douglas, baker, and Elizabeth Ochterlony

Sir VVilliam de Roys of Kilvarock married Muriel, daughter and co-heiress of Andrew de Daune, and died 1338, Andrew Ross, their second son, had a charter from his mother in her widowhood of the lands of Killane and Pitfour. Those properties were found to belong rightfully to Sir Andrew Ross, Chaplain, who recovered them in 1458. John Ross of A uchlossin occurs in 14 ·~g and Rohn Ross of A uchlossin, 12, November, 1457, re­ signed his lands in the North to William, Thane of Cawdor. He had with daughters a son and heir, Thomas Ross of Auchlossin, who died in 148t5. His son was John Ross of Auchlossin, had a charter erecting his lands into a barony 4 February, 1507-8, and married Elizabeth, daughter of Alexander Irvine of Drum. Their son was Nicholas Ross of Auchlossin, who was one of the jury who convicted John, Master of Forbes, 14 July, 1537; this gave rise to a feud between the families, in which Nicholas was killed in 1544, His son Charles Ross of Auchlossin married Beatrix Gordon and was father of John Ross of Auchlossin, who had a daughter Mary who married Alexander Forbes of Auchmillan, and a son Nicholas Ross of Auchlossin, who married a daughter of Coutts of Auchtercoul. They had Patrick, Francis, John, bailee of Turriff, and William. Francis Ross of Auchlossin was,, served heir to his grandfather in lf43, was J. P. 1663, and died 1690, leaving Robert, his heir. Nicol married, 1702, Margaret Leslie. Charles. Barbara married in 1681 Harry Farquharson of Whitehouse. Margaret married Robert Leith of Overhall. * The bakers' craft was an ancient one in Aberdeen and are found mentioned in, the earliest records, previous to 1400. It was one of their statutes" that no freeman sall be maid at no tyme hereafter without he serve lawfully prentice witthin the samyn be the space of six years fullie to~idder as prentice and servant, and gif the master this present lyff within the years of his prentice ship it 1s considered and concluded by the said deacons and maisters that he shall serve aneother maister of this craft the rest of the years that are not outrun so that if sail nouyse be leisome to the said prentice to attain to the benefit as ane freeman hereof while unto the time he obtemper this present ordinance." An interesting relic of the craft is preserved in Drum's Aisle. It is a carved oak seat about eight feet long, with a back on which is carved bakers' trade-marks, which were imprinted on their loaves. It has an inscription reading : "This seat is appointed for the baxteris and erected be tham 1607." 32 were privately contracted in order to marriage, and paid for benefit of poor £12-12." * In the register of Aberdeen, under 2 April, 17 46, Francis Douglas, baker, and Elizabeth Ochterloney, his spouse, had a son, Robert, bap­ tized by Mr. John Gordon. George Farquharson and Robert Doug­ las, both merchants in Aberdeen, were witnesses. Robert Douglas was probably his brother. 13 June, 17 47, Francis Douglas, baker, and Elizabeth Ochterloney, his spouse, had a daughter Mary baptized by Mr. John Gordon. 31 May, 17 48, in the Aberdeen Journal we find the first attempt at a change in his business, in the advertisement, "That there is a Collec­ tion of Books to be sold very cheap by FRANCIS DOUGLAS, Baker; Catalogue of which may be had at his House in the Nether Kirkgate, Aberdeen.'' The Nether Kirkgate is still one of the business streets of Aberdeen, but few of its houses of a century ago survive, the most conspicuous is "Wallace Nook," built in the eighteenth century. " 27 September, 17 48, Francis Douglas, baker, and Elizabeth Ochter­ loney his spouse, had a daughter Elizabeth baptized by Mr.John Gordon, witnesses William Farquharson, chirugeon, and George Gordon, mer­ chant, Aberdeen." "22 April, 1754, Francis Douglas, bookseller, and his spouse had a daughter born and baptized Anne, by Mr. Gordon of St. Paul's Chapel, in presence Dr. William Farquharson,t physician,

* The Ochterloney family can be traced back to the twelfth century when they were located in the parish of Dunichen, on the lands now known as Lownie Muir of Lownie, etc. Between 1226 and 1239 they exchanged these lands for those of Meikle Kenny in the parish of Kingoldrum, near Kirriemuir, lately made famous by the "Window in Thrums." This exchange was made with the Abbey of Arbroath. By an intermarriage with the Stewart family who held Kelly near Arbroath, the Ochterloneys be­ came possessed of Kelly early in the fifteenth century, which they held till lf-514 when it was sold. Early in the sixteenth century a branch of the family were located at Wester Seaton, in Arbroath. On 3 August, 1698, James Ochterloney had \Vester Seaton and a grant the same day of Tilliefroskie in the parish of Birse. He had married, 1 February, 1671, Margaret Gairden, daughter of James Gairden, Esq., of Midstrath, parish of Birse. It is probable he went to live in Birse on his marriage and that most of his children were born there. The following items taken from an inventory of papers belonging to the kirk of Birse, "ane bond granted by James Ochlerloney for the soume of two hundred marks dated 27 February, 16~0." He died before 11 February, 17z7, and is buried at the church of Birse. The present church is a modern one, but the foundations of the old church can be seen near by in the churchyard. James had a son David who married Mary, daughter of Peter Forbes of Balfour, in the parish of Fettercairn. In 1734, David Ochterloney built the present house of Tilliefroskie. On a stone, near the eaves, can be seen the date 173-l, and D. 0., M. F. (David Ochterloney, Mary Forbes). David Ochter­ loney died shortly after, in 1739. In this house his daughter Elizabeth was living when she married in 1745, Francis Douglas. Andrew Strachan had a charter of Tilliefroskie in 1556 and one of that name granted, :t9 April, 1597, Tilliefroskie, to John Sibbald, younger, of Keir. He granted to John Irvine of Kinnoch, who in 1601 conveyed it to William Strachan of Cluny. Margaret Strachan married James Gordon, son of George Gordon of Auchemengzie. In lli4i we find that Gilbert Gordon was Laird of Tilliefroskie and it is probable that James Och­ terloney got it from the Gordons. After the death of David, in 1739, his eldest son, Peter, was served as heir general of his father, 14 January, 174-1, and 26 September, 1755, as heir special in Tilliefroskie, Boghead and Rammahagan in Birse. A few years later we find advertised in the Aberdeen Journal, Tilliefrokie holden of the crown lately inclosed and distinctly divided into four large pleughs laboring. The haill pleugh of Bog Head, pleugh of Mains, half pleugh of Dubston, half pleugh of Catterbee three-quarters pleugh of Ramabaggan, one­ quarter pleugh of New Park. Nearly twenty acres surrounding the mansion house lately built and finished. The free rent being £683 8 8 scats. Plenty houses belonging to the heritor for moss and grass. Purchase entry at Whitsunday, 1759, when he may have-access to manor house. Tuesday, 19 June, 1759 the following appeared in the same newspaper: The roup and sale of the lands of Tilliefroskie and houses belonging to James Gordon of Cock­ laracky on 21st curt. are put off. t The Dr. William Farquharson, witness at the baptism of Elizabeth and Anne Douglas, was a son of Harry Farquharson, the half brother of Francis Douglas's mother. TILLIEFROSK!E, BIRSE. Built by David Ochterloney in I 734.

33 and James Abercrombie, watchmaker." "11 November, 1756, Francis Douglas, merct and -- Octerlowny his spouse had a Daught born and baptized Bathia by the Rev. Mr. Moses of St. Pauls Chapel in presence of John McKenzie merct and William Murray merct." 7 January, 1753, we find in the town accounts that Francis Douglas had a child buried in St. Nicholas churchyard, connected with the present East and West Parish Church. In the tax list of Aberdeen for 17 58 we find Francis Douglas, bookseller, in the Foot Dee Quarter. On £234, for merchant trade, he is taxed £4 18s. 3d. On a casual profit £100, a tax of £2 2s. For water £2. Lights, £1 4s. In the tax for 1765-66, Francis Duglas, merchant, for houses in Even Quarter, rent, £IO0, etc. His work as a writer commenced some few years after he became a bookseller. His earliest work was for the Aberdeen newspapers : "The History of the Rebellion in 17 45 and 17 46, extracted from the Scots Magazine, with an Appendix, containing an Account of the Trials of the Rebels, the Pretender and his Sons' Declarations, etc. Aberdeen, 12mo, 1755." The above is his earliest publication and one of his best efforts. 2. "A Pastoral Elegy to the memory of Miss Mary Urquhart," Aber­ deen, 17 58, 4to. 3. " Rural Love, a tale in the Scottish dialect," and in verse, Aberdeen, 1759, 8vo; reprinted with Alexander Ross's "Helenore, or the Fortunate Shepherdess," Edinburgh, 1804. 4. "Life of James Crichton of Clunie, commonly called the Admirable Crichton" [Aberdeen? 1760 ?], 8vo. 5. "Reflections on Celibaci­ and Marriage," London, 1771, 8vo. 6. "Familiar Letters, on a vary ety of important and interesting, subjects, from Lady Harriet Morley and others," London, 1773, 8vo (anon.). In 17 61 Archibald, Duke of Douglas, died, and the estates of the Douglas family were claimed by the Duke of Hamilton, and Archi­ bald, a son of Lady Jane Douglas and Sir John Stewart, the real issue being the filiation of Archibald Stewart. The case was finally de­ cided in Archibald Stewart-Douglas's favor in 1771. When the Douglas peerage case came before the House of Lords, Francis Douglas zealously advocated, in the Scots Magazine, the claim of the successful litigant, Archibald, son of Lady Jane Douglas. A pamphlet by him entitled "A Letter to a Noble Lord in regard to the Douglas Cause," was printed by James Chalmers and published by Dilly, neither of whom was aware that they thereby committed a breach of privilege. The House of Lords ordered them to be sent for by a messenger and carried to London, but Dilly induced Lord Lyttelton and some other peers to interfere, and the printer and pub­ lisher were excused on the score of ignorance. Through his father's family, Francis Douglas was connected with the Irvines of Drum, Sir Archibald Douglas, of Glenbervie, having married Elizabeth Irvine. Through his mother he was also con­ nected, as her ancestor, John Ross, married Elizabeth, daughter of Alexander Irvine, of Drum. This may have influenced the selection 34 of a farm at Drum, by Francis Douglas, to attempt there an experi­ ment in methods of agriculture, which proved a failure. About this time his support in the Douglas cause received recognition, and Francis Douglas left the scenes of his youth, in the Dee Valley, and received the life-rent of Abbots Inch, on the bank of the White Cart Water, near Paisley. This place is on the road from Paisley to Ren­ frew and in the latter parish, but near to Paisley. He became a tenant in 177 3 of the farm of Mickle Inches, which is a part of the present farm of Abbots Inch, and the steading was situ­ ated about half a mile to the northwest of Abbots Inch ; the house has been destroyed for some time. The yearly rental paid by him was thirty-nine pounds, twelve shillings, which was raised to eighty-three pounds in 1778. He held the farm till 1781. There is evidence that he was not successful here as a farmer. The lands of Abbots Inch comprehended the lands of the farms of Yondertoun, Loanhead, Rawhead, Nethertoun, Point House and the present Abbots Inch. These lands, in ancient times, belonged to the Earl of Dundonald's family, and came afterwards to the Duke of Hamilton's, and were acquired from them by the Duke of Douglas. On his death, and by the settlement of the Douglas cause, they became the property of Archibald Stewart-Douglas, who was made Baron Douglas of Douglas, 9 July, 1790. The estate finally went to his daughter, Jane Margaret, wife of Lord, afterward Baron Montagu. Their eldest daughter, Lucy, married Lord Dunglas, afterward eleventh Earl of Home, who was, in 1875, made a peer of the United Kingdom, with the title of Baron Douglas, of Douglas. His son succeeded him in 1881, as twelfth Earl of Home, and second Baron Douglas, and is the present owner of Abbots Inch. While residing at Abbots Inch Francis Douglas still continued his literary labors and published the following works : 7. "The Birthday; with a few strictures on the times; a poem, in three cantos. With the preface and notes of an edition to be printed in the year 1782. By a Farmer," Glasgow, 1782 4to. 8. "A General Description of the East Coast of Scotland from Edinburgh to Cullen. Including a brief account of the Universities of St. Andrews and Aberdeen; of the trade and manufactures in the large towns, and the improvements of the country." Paisley, 1782, 12mo. Another edition was published early in the next century. For an estimate of him by a contemporary and fellow-townsman of Aberdeen, we have the following letter: ABERDEEN, 11th April, 1805. Dear Brother,- I received with much pleasure yours of the 24th ult. After so long a silence, for which indeed you have satisfactorily accounted, your letter was like good news from a far country. It is rather singular that both Mr. Strahan and Lord Glenbervie are on the scent after an account of Francis Douglas. Could I ever have imagined that his life and writings would become a matter of enquiry, I should have been better prepared. As it is, however, I can from memory give you very tolerable outlines. He was bred a baker, and for some years followed that pro­ fession; but on his marriage with a Miss Ochterlony of an ancient family in the upper part of Aberdeenshire, he commenced bookseller about 1748; and in 1750, in conjunction with a Mr. William Murray, druggist, set up a printing house, and pub- 35 lished a weekly newspaper under the name of The Aberdeen Intelligencer, in opposi­ tion to The Aberdeen Journal, which was our father's. The Journal was supported by the Whig interest, and the I1ttellzi;encer by the Jacobites, but in a few years it died. Murray having quitted an unprofitable connexion with Douglas, this last car­ ried on the printing and bookselling on his own account till about l 761, when he sold off his book stock, shut up his printing house, and retired to a farm belonging to Mr. Irvine of Drum, about ten miles west from Aberdeen. In this line he con­ tinued, but to no profit, till 1768, when the Douglas cause came to be heard before the House of Lords. He drew his pen zealously in behalf of the young Douglas, in a pamphlet entitled A Letter to a Noble Lord in Regard to the Douglas Cause. This I printed for him, and Mr. Dilly's name was prefixed as publisher. Neither of us were aware that it is a breach of privilege to print anything in a cause pending be­ fore the House and an order was moved that the author and printer should be sent for by a messenger, and carried to London. Mr. Dilly, however, got the then Lord Lyttelton and some other peers to interfere, and we were excused on the score of ignorance. When Mr. Douglas gained the cause and succeeded to the estate of his uncle, the Duke, he was not unmindful of Francis's services, for he put him in a lucrative farm called Abbots Irish, near Paisley, where he died after ten years' residence. His surviving issue were two daughters, who were married in that neighborhood. His works, to the best of my recollection, were: A History of tlze Rebellion, 1745 and 1746, 12mo, very well put together from the Scots J:fag·azine, and is the best history of that period extant. I do not even except Home's 4to. Rural Love, a Scottish Tale, Svo, 1759. The Earl of Douglas, a Dramatick Essay, Svo, 1760. I forget whether he called it a dramatic history or not, but it is mentioned, not in the most honourable manner, in the Montlzly Review. In the play a b111l's head, the signal of death to one of the company, is brought in and set on the table. This drew upon him the ridicule of the wags here, who one night set up over his shop door a bull's head, and underneath it in large letters :

" 0 Francy Douglas ! Francy Douglas, 0 ! This black bull's head hath wrought thee mickle woe!" All my endeavours to procure a copy have hitherto been in vain, but I shall not yet give up the chase. Letter to a Noble Lord ou tlze Douglas Cause, 1768. After he went to Paisley he published : Reflexions on Celibacy and Marriage, 8vo, pp. 80. (Anon.) Descriftions of the East Coast of Scotland f,·oin Edinburgh to Cullw with a pa,·tic­ ular description of Aberdeen, etc., 12mo, 1782. It has passed through, two editions. Familiar Letters on Dijferent Subjects. I recollect no other particulars of Mr. Douglas except that he was bred a Presby­ terian, but went over to the Chnrch of England, and likfl other new converts dis­ played much acrimony against the church he had left. l-Iis farming was theoretical, not practical, and so fared of it. He had near! y beggared himself on his farm at Drum. The last of his projects here was that of killing mutton and bringing it to the Aberdeen market; but it was so poorly fed and cut out in so unworkmanlike manner, that nobody would buy it. I am, dear brother, Yours affectionately, J. CHALMERS.

As regard the authorship of "The Earl of Douglas," Mr. Chalmers was at fault, John Wilson was the author of that dramatic essay. When attending services, in Paisley Abbey Church, Douglas occu­ pied the Abbots Inch pew, which was on the west front of the gal­ lery, and was the seat of Lord Douglas as heritor, and on it appeared his armorial bearings. It was in the Abbey Churchyard at Paisley that Francis Douglas was buried on his death in 1786. 36

TESTAMENT DATIVE UMQL FRANCIS DOUGLASS AT ABBOTSINCH IN THE PARISH OF RENFREW 1786. The Testament Dative and in rentai-y of the Goods Gear Debts and sums of money that pertained and belonged and were addebted and owing to the deceased Francis Douglas at Abbotsinch in the Parish of Renfrew at the time of his decease which happened upon the day of Faithfully made and Given up by Mary Douglas spouse of William Watson Farmer in Langside, Barbara Douglass spouse of John Lennox farmer at Abbots Inch Bethea Douglas spouse of Hugh Bleacher near Paisley Ann Douglass spouse of Daniel McCorkendale Flesher in Paisley and Douglas spouse of John Fairlie Distiller near Dalmuir and the saids William Watson, John Lennox, Hugh Cochran, Daniel McCorkendale and John Fairlie for their interests, Executo1s Dative qua nearest in kin decerned to the said deceased Francis Douglass by the Commissary of Hamilton & Campsie, as ane Decreet Dative pronounced by Mr George Reddoch Commissary Substi­ tute thereanent upon the fifteenth day of June Mdcc and eighty-four years in itself more fully bears. INVENTARY. In primis, There was belonging to the Defunct at the time of his decease his houshold furniture and Books which were sold by roup and the prices of which re­ covered amounted to Twenty seven pounds seven shillings and seven pence. Item a Park of Corn at Abbotsinch, rouped and which sold for fourteen pounds ten shil­ lings and seven pence half penny. Item the Corn on the Glebe which was rouped and sold for Twenty pounds fifteen shillings and three pence. Item the second crop on the Glebe in Paisley being grass which was rouped and sold for seven pounds twelve shillings. Item there was received from Mr James Gibson writer in Paisley being money in his hands belonging to the Defunct as the rent of some Patatoe ground Two pounds fifteen shillings. Item there was received from Mr Alexander Ross yst Aberdeen of money belonging to the Defunct Three pounds nine shillings and five pence. Item for two Books three shillings. Item from several persons for potatoe rent conform to M: James Gibson's list One pound four shillings and ten pence half penny. All which sums are sterling money and amount all together to the sum of seventy seven pounds seventeen shillings and eight pence half penny sterlg from which the executors crave deduction and allowance for the following articles expended and paid by them out of the same viz for two years rent of the Glebe paid Mr Boag Twenty four pounds. Item paid Mr King in Paisley for articles to the Defunct's funeral T" o pounds six shillings and eight pence. Item paid for the Defuncts coffin and mounting conform to James McvVilliam's receipt Two pounds fifteen shillings. Item paid Mr Allison auctioner per receipt One pound twelve shillings & three pence. Item paid Emilia Cameron half a year's fee Nineteen shillings and six pence. Item paid Mr Gibson writer per accompt & receipt including an acct of Two pounds fifteen shillings to Mr Taylor Snrgeon four pounds nineteen shillings and nine pence half penny. Item the amount of an accompt for Busines and cash advanced Fifteen pounds seventeen shillings and sixpence half penny amounting these sums to the sum of Fifty two pounds ten shil­ lings and nine pence sterling whereby the neat Ballance in the executors hands is Twenty five pounds six shillings and eleven pence half penny sterling. Summa in­ ventarii est xxvlib vish and xid str. CONFIRMA TIO. I Mr Robert Frame & Confirmation granted in common form signed by Mr Robert Grame Commissary Depute and Claud Marshall Clerk of the Commissariat of Hamilton & Garnpsie At Glasgow the Nineteenth day of July One thousand seven hundred & eighty six. THE BOND OF CAUTION. I John Scales writer in Glasgow do hereby bind and oblige me my heirs exe­ cutors & successors whomever as cautioners and surety acted in the Court Books of the Commissariat of Hamilton & Campsie for Mary Douglas spouse of William Watson Farmer at Abbotsinch, Barbara Douglas spouse of John Lennox 37

farmer there, Bethea Douglass spouse of Hugh Corchran Bleacher near Paisley, Ann Douglass spouse of Daniel McCorkendale Flesher in Paisley, &-- Doug­ lass spouse of John Fairlie Distiller near Dalmuir: That the whole goods gear debts and sums of m_oney as contained in an inventary thereof produced in the principal confirmed Testament to be expede before the Commissary of Hamilton & Campsie at the instance of the saids Mary Barbara Bethea Ann and --Douglasses and their husbands for their interests as Executors qua nearest in kinn decerned to the deceased Francis Douglass at Abbotsinch their Father, shall be made forthcom­ ing to all having interest therein as accords with law Consenting to the registration hereof in the said Commissariot Court books or others competent therein to remain for preservation & if necessary that letters & Exereals of Horning on six days charge and others needful! may hereon and thereto I constitute. Prvrs. In Witness Whereof these presents wrote by the said John Scales are subscribed at Glasgow the thirteenth day of July seventeen hundredll & eighty six years before these witnesses Barry Parkhill Jeweller in Glasgow and John Thomson clerk to the said John Scales. (Signed) John Scales. Barry Parkhill. Witness John Thomson Witness. (Commissariat of Hamilton & Campsie. Testa­ ments. Vol. X. a p. 327.) Bethiah Douglas, his daughter, married, in 1780, Hugh Cochrane, of Paisley, and in the Low Burgh Church Register, Paisley, we find: "Bethia Douglas Renfrew, 12 January, 1780," the rest of the entry being destroyed. · After marriage Hugh and Bethiah (Douglas) resided at Glanderston House, in Neilston parish.* Her death is recorded: "Died at Bar head on the 12 August, 1830, Mrs. Bethiah Cochran relict of the late Mr. Hugh Cochrane, Bleacher, Glanderston." (Neil­ ston Register.) Among the descendants of Hugh and Bethiah (Douglas) Cochrane was their grandson, the late Alexander Cochrane of Malden, Mass,. who died 11 August, 1865.

* A print of Glanderston House is in" The Levern Delineated," Glasgow, 1831.

• 1 ''I ' 'I > ''J g t,.''.H.

GEN SIR DAVID OCHTERLONV.

THE OCHTERLONEY FAMILY

OF SCOTLAND,

AND BOSTON, IN NEW ENGLAND.

BY

WALTER KENDALL WATKIKS.

PRIVATELY PRINTED.

BOSTON, U. S. A. 1902. Printed by

THE BARTLETT PRESS. The Ochterlony Family.

William the Lion, King of Scotland, so called from his adopting the lion as the armorial bearing of Scotland, founded in 1178 the Abbey of Aberbrothock, which he dedicated to his murdered friend, St. Thomas a Becket of Canterbury. On 10 Dec., 1214, his body was brought from Stirling, where he died, and was buried in front of the High Altar. The blue shelly marble block, curiously carved, which covered his tomb, is one of the relics still shown, as is also his heart. The abbey was unfinished then and not completed till 1233. William was succeeded in his reign by his son, Alexander II., who made good his rule in Galloway in 1233, and arranged a satisfactory peace with England in 1244. Between 1226 and 1239 Walter, son of Turpin, exchanged the lands of Othirlony, which had belonged in heritage to their ancestors, for those of Kenny, in the parish of Kingoldrum, Forfarshire, possessed by the Abbey of Aberbrothock. Kenny had been bestowed on the abbey by its founder, King William. This is shown by the charter of Kenny by the fourth abbot, Ralph, who held that office in 1226~ 1239. The abbey lands of Dunnechin being adjoining to those of Othirlony, by the good counsel of friends the exchange was made. ( Register of Aberbrothock, Charter No. 306.) Kingoldrum is a parish in Forfar, four miles from Kirremuir. Its lands were bestowed on the Abbey of Aberbrothock by a charter of William the Lion, and were confirmed by Alexander III., and again by King Robert Bruce. The river Melgum forms a series of beautiful waterfalls here, called the Loups of Kenny. In this parish the farm of Meikle Kenny was occupied by John Hunter, farmer, in 1893, while the farm of Kirkton was held by Charles Findlay. On the 12th of July, 1249, Alexander III., at the age of eight years, succeeded his father, Alexander II. On his death in 1285 he was to have been succeeded by his granddaughter, Margaret, the Maiden of Norway, but she died on her way to Scotland. Then there appeared twelve competitors to the throne, the principal of whom were John Baliol, Robert Bruce and John de Hastings, who agreed to submit to Edward I. of England as arbitrator. He decided in favor of Baliol, who did homage to him in 1292 at Norham Castle, near Berwick on Tweed; and in 1296, after the battle of Dunbar, at Berwick, the nobility, landholders, burgesses and clergy of Scotland to a large ex­ tent swore fealty to Edward and signed and affixed their seals to the Ragman's Roll, so called from the strips with seals appendant to some thirty-five parchment skins, resembling a game of the period in which a bundle of strips of paper was used to draw from by the players. In this Roll appears the name of Walter Dougterlony (Ochterloney) of Fifeshire. ( Ragman's Roll, Pub. Rec. Office, London.) 4

It is possible that Fife then included lands north of the Tay River, but it is more probable that the early home of the Ochterlony family was south of the Tay. During the reign of John Baliol, Sir William Wallace appears and becomes prominent. A tradition of the Ochterlony family in the middle of the seventeenth century relates the existence at one time of a letter from Wallace to his trusty and assured friend, the Laird of Ouchterloney, requiring him to repair to Wallace, with his friends and servants, "for its lyke we will have use for you and other honest men in the countrey within a short tyme," as the letter read, and shortly after the Barns of Ayr were burnt, as the tradition relates. This affair of the Barns of Ayr is described by Sir Walter Scott in his Tales of a Grandfather. In 1351, William, abbot of the abbey, confirmed to John de Othir­ lowney the charter of Kenny granted by Ralph (1226-1239). (Regis­ ter of Abbey, pp. 334, 335.) This confirmation also refers to a perambulation of the time of Gil­ bert ( 1225 ), third abbot, who preceded Ralph, and mentions also the lands of Kyrkton in Kingoldrum. John Ochterlony, to whom were confirmed the lands of Kenny in 1351, was sheriff of Forfar in 1342. ( Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, I., 501.) By an inquisition taken of the lands of Kennymykyl in April, 1409, William de Ouchterlowny, brother of Alexander de Ouchterlowny, died seized and vested in the lands of Kennymykyl, in the shire of Kingoldrum, regality of Aberbrothock; the land being held of the abbey "in capite "by" servicium homagii warde et relevii," etc.; and Alexander was heir of William. ( Abbey Register, pp. 4 7, 48.) At Stirling, 4 Nov., 1444, James II. confirmed the gift and grants that were made by several persons to Willelmo de Ouchterlowny of Kelly of lands in barony of Kelly, Forfar, in exchange for other lands which were to the said persons, to be held by said William and his heirs by the said charter. ( Register of Great Seal, No. 282.) A few miles from the Abbey of Aberbrothock is the village of Ar­ birlot, in which is Kelly Castle, a fine specimen of the old Scottish baronial tower, situated on a rocky eminence on the west bank of the water, about a mile below the church and village of Arb_irlot. Sir James Stewart, who was killed at the battle of Halidon-hill in 1333, had a son, Sir John Stewart, who got a charter of the lands of Kelly in Angus (Forfar) but died without male issue. In King David IL (1331-1370) John Stewart had the barony of Kellie by resignation of James Stewart, which Walter Stewart had between 1320-1326, and previously in Robert I. (1305-1320) Robert Stewart had the barony of Kellie, Forfar, Roger Mowbray had for­ feited. ( Index Early Charters, 10-14, 21-23, 55-17.) Sir John Stewart was succeeded by Sir Robert Stewart of Shan­ bothy, who carried on the line of the family, and died in 1386. His second son was Robert, ancestor of the Stewarts of Rosythe, and through a female of this branch Kellie is said to have come to the Ochterloney family. KELLY CASTLE

KELLY CASTLE , ARBIRLOT .

5

By a charter of Robert III. ( 1370-1390) William Maule of Panmure concedes to Alexander Oughterloney and Janet Maule, his wife, the lands of Greinford, Forfar. ( Index Early Charters, 137, 138.) Greinford is without doubt in Arbirlot, and in modern times is the farm of Greenford, of which Thomas Douglas was tenant in 1893. Sir William Maule, Lord of Panmure, married Marian, only daugh­ ter of David Fleming of Biggar and Jean Barclay (daughter of Sir David Barclay, Lord of Brechin). Sir William had one daughter, Jean or Janet, who married Alexander Auchterloney of Kellie previ­ ous to 1390. In 1391 a relief of Melgund was made to William Ochterloney. (Exchequer Rolls, III., 270.) In 1445 the annual rent from Panmure to William Ochterloney of Kelly was £8 6s. 8d. (Exchequer Rolls, V., 20L) Sir Andrew Gray, seventh baron of Broxmouth, married about 1378 Janet, daughter of Sir Roger de Mortimer, and had one son and seven daughters. One of the youngest of these daughters married first, William Auchterloney of Kelly, last mentioned, and second, David Annan of Melgum. In a charter of 1466 from Malcolm, the abbot, the wife of William is given as Janet. This charter is in reference to the stone quarried on the lands of Kelly, the freestone, which is common to this neigh­ borhood. ( Abbey Register, p. 153.) In a confirmation of the lands of Kennymykle, 12 April, 1466, by Walter, abbot of the monastery of Aberbrothock, to Alexander de Ochterloney, son and heir of William de Ochterloney, master of Kelly, is a mention of a previous charter, dated 23 Dec., 1444, from Malcolm, the abbot, to Alexander Ochterloney and Mariota de Drummond, his wife. ( Abbey Register, pp. 149, 15U.) She was probably the daughter of Sir Malcolm Drummond ( an­ cestor of the Earls of Perth) by Mariota, daughter of Sir David Murray, Lord of Tullibardin. Sir Malcolm died in 1470. A record of the Drummonds, some of whom intermarried with the royal fami­ lies of Scotland, is given back to about 1100 in Douglas's Peerage of Scotland ( pp. 547-555). On 6 May, 1493, in the register of the abbey, David, the abbot, shows the possession of the lands of Kennemekle by the master of Kelly, and states that James de Ochterloney is son and heir of Alex­ ander ( pp. 280, 281 ). In 1512 a commission of the lands of Kennemekle mentions James Ochterloney of Kelly. ( Abbey Register, p. 420.) 13 May, 1517, the King, James V., grants to William Ochterloney of Kelly the lands of Lochle and Inchgromnell in Glennesk, For- farshire. ( Register of Great Seal, XX., 42.) _ On 8 Sept., 1528, the King, for good service, grants to William Ochterloney of that ilk and Margaret Gardyne, his wife, lands of Petcourent in Kerrimuir, Forfar, which were those of Archibald, Earl of Angus. (Register of the Great Seal, XXII., 229.) 6

In 1574, by a relief of the lands of Ochterloney, alias Kelly, in Exchequer Rolls ( XX., 460 ), they were held by William Ochterloney. 23 Nov., 1591, James VI. of Scotland, known as James I. of Eng­ land, confirmed, etc., for good service, to William Ochterloney of the same the lands and barony of Auchterloney, alias Kelly. ( Great Seal, XXXIX, 116.) In the Commissariat of Edinburgh we find, 17 Feb., 1596, the will of Elizabeth Stewart, sometime spouse of William Auchterloney of that ilk, laird of Kelly, Forfar. The King confirmed 27 June, 1609, a charter of William Ochter­ loney of that ilk, who by a contract between himself and his second son, Alexander Ouchterloney, burgess of Aberbroath, dated Kelly, 4 Jan., 1609, has a reversion in the lands of Wester Bonhard and part of the lands of Bonythan, with precept of seisin directed to Henry Ochterloney of Milnhill. ( Register of Great Seal, XL V., 327.) 2 Dec., 1609, William Auchterloney was served as heir to his father, Sir William of that ilk, in the lands and barony of Auchterloney, alias Kelly. ( Inq. Ret. Abbreviatis, IV., 295.) In 1614 Sir William Ochterloney sold Kelly to Sir William Irvine of Drum. In 1679 it was purchased by George, Earl of Panmure, from Alexander Irvine of Drum. The earl's brother, Harry Maule, had a conveyance of the barony of Kelly to himself. It was he, with his son James, who planted the woods of Kelly about 1724. The castle was without doubt built by the Ochterloneys, and being in a ruinous state it was in 1864 completely restored. It is now an inhabited house, the property of the Earl of Dalhousie, the repre­ sentative of the old family of the Maules of Panmure, and leased as a residence. 20 Oct., 1585, the King confirmed a charter of the lands of Smyd­ dehill, lordship of Brechin, granted by John, Bishop of Brechin, to Charles Murray, son and heir apparent of William Murray, husband of Margaret Gardine, laird of Kelly, and Mariote Auchterloney, wife of Charles Murray. (Register of Great Seal, XXXV., 197.) Charles Murray of Smyddehill married Marion Auchterloney, and to a deed of Murray's in 1599 the following are witness: William Auchterloney of that ilk, James Auchterloney of Setoun and John Auchterloney of Bamirmour (Balmirmer). (Laing Charters, Nos. 1378, 1387.) 28 Oct., 1525, the abbot grants to Alexander Ochterloney, son and heir apparent of William Ochterloney of Kelly, and to Elizabeth Leyemount, the wife of said Alexander, the lands of Kennemekyl in Kyncoldrum, Forfar. ( Register of the Abbey, p. 445.) 10 June, 1530, the King confirmed to Alexander Ochterloney of that ilk and Elizabeth Leirmonth, his wife, the lands of Balcathy and Wester Knox adjacent to Kelly, alias Ochterloney. ( Register Great Seal, XXIII., 204.) In 1536 David Betoun confirmed and renewed the charter of 1351 to John de Othirlony of the lands of Kenny. ( Abbey Register, p. 530.) 7 Dec., 1547, Queen Mary grants to James Ochterloney, son and heir apparent of Alexander Ochterloney of the same, lands in the 7 barony of Ochterloney, alias Kelly, which Alexander had resigned, reserving a free tenement for himself and a third to his wife, Isabel Cunyngham (second wife). (Register of Great Seal, XXX., 222.) In the Privy Council records in 1601, in a bond by William Ouchter­ loney of that ilk, we find it witnessed by Gilbert Auchterlony, brother of said William, and Patrick, son of said William. ( Prh,y Council, VI., 297, 298.) Under date of 1609 is a complaint against David Auchterloney, brother of William of that ilk, and Alexander, son of said William. Other entries show that David was a bailie of Aberbrothock. ( Privy Council, VIII., 244.) In 1607 the King confirms to William a charter of 28 April, 1603, with consent of his heir, William, to Patrick Ouchterloney, fourth son of William of that ilk, lands in Easter and Wester Bonhard. Alex­ ander Auchterloney of Balmirmer is also mentioned. ( Register Great Seal, XLJV., 352.) East Balmirmer was held in 1893 by John Hulme, farmer, and West Balmirmer by David Ogilvie, Easter Bonhard by William Fair­ lie ; all these farms being in the parish of Arbirlot. 7 June, 1608, the King confirmed a charter of May 8 from William Ochterlony of that ilk to Patrick Ochterloney in Bonhard and Eu­ phanie Maule, his wife, of lands of Wester Knox in Kelly, Forfar; _David Ochterloney, junior, burgess of Aberbroath, and James Ochter­ loney, witnesses. ( Register of Great Seal, XL V., 241.) Again in 1609 the same, with lands of Ester Knox and Balcathy; James Ochterloney, in times past of Mairden, as witness, and the pre­ cept of seisin directed to William Auchterloney in Balmillour. ( Register Great Seal, XL V., 27 2.) 29 June, 1654, John Auchterlony of Hospitallfield, heir of John Auchterloney younger, fiar of Guynd, his father, in the town and landis of Hospitalfield within the lordship of Aberbrothock. ( Inq. Ret., XXI., 320.) Hospitalfield, on the Dundee road from Arbroath, takes its name from the hospital of the abbey which stood on its site, part of the present building dating from that period. It is credited with being "Monkbarns" of Scott's "Antiquary." When Kelly was sold in 1614 William Ochterloney purchased Guynd in the parish of Carmylie from the Strachans. Alexander Strachan had Carmylie in 1522. 12' April, 1676, John Auchterloney of Guynd was served as heir to his father, John of Guynd, of the lands of Guynd. ( Inq. Ret., xxxv., 14.) 24 Feb., 1704, John Auchterlonie was served as heir general of his father, John of Guynd. ( Service of Heirs.) John Ochterloney, the father, who died at that time ( 17 04 ), is best known for his account of Forfarshire, which he wrote about 1682 for Sir Robert Sibbald, geographer for the King, who intended to publish a history of Scotland. The matter he collected was printed in the Spottiswoode Miscellany, Vol. I., pp. 331-350, from the manuscript in the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh. He writes: 8

"I will add no more for our own Familie of Ouchterlony of that Ilk but what I have said in the generall description of some places we have and had concern in, but that I have ane account of the marriages of the Familie these fifteen generations, viz., 1st, Stewart of Rosyth, in Fyffe; 2nd, Maull of Panmure; 3d, Ogilvy of Lentrathene, prede­ cessor to the Lords of Ogilvy; 4th, Gray, of the Lord Gray; 5th, Drummond of Stobhall, now Perth; 6th, Keith, Lord Marishall; 7th, Lyon, Lord Glames; 8th, Cunninghame of Barnes; 9th, Stewart of Innermeath; 10th, Olyphant, of the Lord Olyphant; 11th, Scrimgeour, of Dudhope; 12th, Beatoun of Westhall; 13th, Peirsone of Loch­ lands; 14th, Carnegy of Newgait; 15th, Maull, cousine-germane to the deceist Patrick, Earl of Panmure. All these are daughters of the above written families. The familie is very ancient and very great, having above fourteen score chalders of victuall, which was a great estate in those days. "The armes of our Familie are thus blazoned- bears Azure, a lyon rampant, Argent, within a border Gules entoure, of eight buckles Or above the shield, ane helmet mantled Gules and doubled argent; and on the torse for a crest, ane eagle displayed Azure, with ane escallope in hir beek, Argent, and the motto above the crest, Deus mihi adjutor." The writer has been able to show the marriages noted above in some of the cases. John Auchterloney of Guynd died in 1770 ; he was baptized 23 Dec., 1688, at Carmylie. 3 Oct., 1736, John Ochterloney, junior, of Montrose, married Ann Ochterloney, daughter of John Ochterloney of Guynd. 13 March, 1772, Ann, widow of John Ochterloney, merchant, of Montrose, was served heir of her father, John of Guynd. John and Ann Ochterloney of Montrose had Patrick, baptized 1 March, 1741, and Ann, baptized 2 Jan., 1743, in Montrose. John Ochterloney of Guynd was served heir general to his grand­ father, John Ochterloney in Montrose, merchant, on 5 April, 1781. John Ouchterloney of Guynd was served as heir special to his father, John Ochterloney of Guynd, who died 30 Jan., 177 6. Margaret, a sister of John Ochterloney of Guynd ( who died 29 Nov., 1843, unmarried), was served as his heir 4 March, 1844. She married James Pierson of Balmadies. On her death in 1849 her son, James Alexander Pierson, became the twenty-first laird of Guynd. He mar­ ried Elizabeth Townsend, daughter of James Murray Grant, twelfth laird of Glenmoriston. On Mr. Pierson's death, 9 Aug., 1873, he be­ queathed Guynd to go on the death of his widow to Col. T. H. Ochter­ loney, of the Montrose branch of the family, who now holds it.

THE WESTER SEYTOUN FAMILY. In 1525 we find the earliest mention of Seyton, in connection with the Ochterlony family of Kelly, when William Ochterloney of Nether Kelly and his wife, Egidie Thomson, and Henry, son of William Ochterloney, are parties to an interest in lands in Seytoun and thirlage 9 in the mill of Kirkton, belonging to the abbey. ( Register of the Abbe}', p. 445.) In 1526 William and his son Henry have rights in lands of Neuton and Panlathy and Crawde in the parish of Abyrriloth. ( Abbq Regis­ ter, p. 453.) The first may be identified in the present farm of East Kirkton, in St. Vigeans parish, occupied in 1893 by John Hay, farmer. Neuton probably included the modern farm of Newton held in 1893 by James Addison Scott. Panlathie is held by George Young, and Crudie by John Rennie. In a Retour of Inquest, 30 Oct., 1560, taken at the front gate of the monastery of Arbroath, the name of William Ochterloney of Setoun appears with other names. ( Laing Charters, No. 723.) 20 Jan., 1'603, James V. ratified two charters: one of these a feudal charter dated 31 April, 1586, where John, Lord Hamilton, commen­ dator of Aberbrothock Abbey, holds William Ochterloney and Bar­ bara Rait, his wife, in the lands of Seytoun in Aberbrothock; the other, 26 Dec., 1601, when John, Marquis of Hamilton, holds James Ochterloney, son of the said William Ochterloney, and Isabell Peirson, wife of said James Ochterloney, with "lie wrak et wair de lie Houp." (Register of Great Seal, XL.1.lI., 271.)

Apud Halierudhous, 20 Jan., 1603. "REX,-cum consensu &c. (93.),-ratificavit [l] cartam feudi­ firme per Jo. dom de Hammiltoun commendatarium de Abirbrothok et ejusdem conventum factam quondam Willelmo Auchterlonie, et Barbare Rait ejus spouse, - de occidentali dimedietate terrarum de Seytoun, cum decimis garbalibus que nunquam separari solebant, in baronia et regalitate de Abirbrothok vie. Forfare; -TENEND. dictis Wil. et Barb. in conjuncta infeodatione, et heredibus inter eos legit. procreatis, quibus deficientibus, heredibus et assignatis dicti Wil. qui­ buscunque, de dicto monast.; - de data apud Kynnoull et Abirbro­ thok, 1 et 30 Apr., 1586: -[2] cartam per Jo. marchionem de Ham­ miltoun commendatarium de Abirbrothok et ejusdem conventum fact. JACOBO AUCHTERLONIE filio et heredi dicti Wil., et ISSA­ BELLE PEIRSOUN ejus spouse, - de dictis terris &c., cum lie wrak et wair de lie Houp ejusdem ; TENEND. de dicto monast. ; - de data apud Hammiltoun, 26 Dec. 1601 : - INSUPER, - pro bono ser­ vitio dictorum Wil. et Jacobi, necnon pro compositione persoluta, - suprascripta dictis J ac. et Is. de novo in feudifirmam dimisit: - TENEND. dictis Jacobo et Issabelle in conjuncta infeodatione, et heredibus inter eos legitime procreatis, quibus def., heredibus et as­ signatis dicti J ac. quibuscunque: - REDDEND. 2U bollas frumenti, 26 bol. farine avenatice, 26 bol. ordei (vel 6 sol. 8 den. pro qualibet bolla ), 20 sol. antique et 6 sol. 8 den. nove augmentationis; et 3 sectas ad 3 placita capitalia apud Carn co nan vel alibi; et 10 lib. in introitu heredum sive assignatorum; ac perimplendo cetera contenta in antiquis infeofamentis et rentalibus, si que essent: -TEST. ut in aliis cartis &c. ( XL.1.1I., 271.)" 10

19 Nov., 1581, James Ouchterloney, as heir apparent of Seatoun, was witness to a document signed by Nicolas Wardlaw and his wife, Patricia Wood. 13 July, 1599, James Ochterloney of Wester Seyton was witness to "Gulielmo Raitt de Hailgrene, in vi tali redditu et Roberto Raitt ejus filio secundogenito," for the lands of Conansythe in the barony of Inverkeillour. The parish of Inverkeilor is about five miles northeast of Arbroath on the coast. In 1598 were sold the lands of Burnesyde in barony of Inverkeil­ lour, to J oanni Auchterloney of Balmurmure ( East Balmirmer farm held by John Hulme, West Balmirmer by David Ogilvie in Arbirlot ). The King confirmed a charter of this last, 28 May, 1599, of which James Ochterloney of Wester Seyton was a witness. ( Register of Great Seal, XLI., 538.)

Commissariat "The testame't datiue and inue'tar of the guidis geir sow mes of moe'y Edinburgh 1 Testaments and dettis ptein'g to vmq • barbara Rait relict of vmqle Wm, Auchter­ Vol. 33. loney of West' Seytoun within the prochin of St. Vigien and frefdome of Forfar the tyme of hir deceas quha decessit in the moneth of October the yeir of God J ajvc lxxxxvii yeirs fathlie maid & gevin vp be gil­ bert Auchterloney hir lau1 soune exe datiue decnit to his said vmqle moder be decreit of the comissr of Edgr as the samy' decreit of the dait at Edg' the sixt day of Mche the yeir of God Jajvc lxxxxviii yeirs at lent Sportis &c &c. In the first the said vmq1• barbara rait relict of vmqle Wm, Auchter­ loney of West' Setoun had the guidis geir sowmes of mo•Y and dettis of the awaill & pees eft' following pteni'g to hir as hir a win sper guidis & geir the tyme of hir deceis foirsaid viz: - I tern in utenceillis & domicilis wt the abuilzeme'tis & orname'ts of hir bodie estimat to iic Ii moeY. Su'a of the Inue'tar ---iic Ii. Follows the dettis a win to the deid. Item ther wes awin to the said vmq1e barbara rait relict of vmqle wm, Auchterloney of West' Seytoun be Wm- Auchterloney of Kellie resten of ane yeiris a'nuelrent the sowme of xlli. Ite' be Wm, Rait of Hal­ grene If me to his obliga'un iic !xviii xiii5 iiiid. Item be Alex' N aiff in fofartie now in Methie lxxxli. Su'a of the dettis awin to the deid iiic lxxxvili xiiis iiiid, Su'a of the Inue'tar wt the dettis vc lxxxvi1 xiii5 iiiid. Na diuisioun. Quotta Compo­ Irof the quot is componit for --- xii. nitur L xii. We Mris Jon Prestoun &c we decnit th intill as o' decreit gevin thr vpon beiris conf'me to the qlk &c. Irvpoun Mr. Johne Rait sruitor to my lord of Edzall is becu' cau un."

Barbara Rait was of the ancient family of Rait of Halgreen, Kin­ cardine, which derived its name from the lands of Rate in Perthshire. In the reign of Robert III. ( 1390-1406) Rate of that ilk married the heiress of Halgrene of the surname of Durend ; and in the reign of James III. (1460-1488) there is a charter from that monarch of the 11 lands of Halgreen and Drumanager to David Rait of Halgreen, an­ cestor of the subsequent lairds thereof. 22 Oct., 1631, William Ochterloney of Wester Seatoun was served heir of his father, James of Wester Seatoun, of the lands of Seatoun. Catherine Ramsay was wife of William Ochterloney of Seaton in 1620. 5 March, 1639, John Ochterloney was served heir of his father, William Ochterloney of Wester Seatoun, of the lands of Seatoun. ( .lnq. Ret., X.IV., 280.) From the foregoing account of the family it is seen that for the early history of a Scotch family we are dependent for genealogical information on charters, grants, confirmations and inquisitions of lands held by the family, and that the heir apparent was served as heir to his father, while also a testament dative served to bequeath things that could be given away to younger children and others. A century ago Sir Isaac Heard interested himself in acquiring in­ formation regarding his wife's family connections, which included the Ochterloney family of the Wester Seaton branch. To his labors we are therefore indebted for vital records not now obtainable, as the parish registers of Brechin, Arbroath, etc., are incomplete and too late to furnish the dates he obtained from family records. From the family papers of the Wester Seaton branch, we are in­ formed that the wife of John Ochterloney was Margaret Pearson, and their son, James Ochterloney, married 1 Feb., 1671, Elizabeth, daughter and heir of James Gairden, Esq., of Midstrath in the parish of Birs. The mains of Midstrath held in 1893 by Alexander Harper, farmer. James Ochterloneyhad agrant, 3 Aug., 1698, of Wester Seaton, and, on the same day, of Tillifroskie in the parish of Birs. Wester Seaton, which had then been in the family for o,ver a century, is in the parish of St. Vigeans in Arbroath, and it is still identified in a farm held by the Francis family. The present house is a modern one, but the site of the old mansion of the Ochterloney family can be identified. James Ochterloney died before 21 Feb., 1727, and is buried at the church of Birs. By his wife Elizabeth he had : 1. ALEXANDER, b. 14 Feb., 1673; died young. ii. JOHN, b. 8 April, 1674. iii. JANE, b. 4 July, 1679; m. James Irvine and had one son, James. IV. HELEN, b. 1680. v. JAMES, b. 15 Sept., 1681. v1. PETER, b. 22 Nov., 1683. vii. MARGARET, b. 1684; m. 1715, J. Melville; buried at Birse. viii. MATTY, b. 1685. IX. ISABEL, b. 1687. x. DAvrn, b. 22 Jan., 1690; d. Feb., 1739. xi. ELIZABETH, b. 1692. xii. ANNA, b. 1693. xiii. ALEXANDER, b. 16 Sept., 1695 ; of whom later. "Birse," formerly called "Press," a word of Gaelic origin signify­ ing a wood or thicket, has reference to the Forest of Birse. The 12 parish, about ten miles square, of upward of forty thousand acres, of which about four thousand are wood and plantation, is situated south of the Deeside railway from Aberdeen to Ballater, two and one half miles from Aboyne station. It is noted for its wild scenery, and also the picturesque views on the Dee and Feugh waters. Tillyfroskie, one of the "Six Towns" of the Forest of Birse, belongs to the Laird of Finzean (Robert Farquarson, Esq., M. P., J.P., 1893), whose mansion, an ancient structure in the vale of the Feugh, is built in the form of three sides of a square. The farm of Tillyfroskie is occupied by John Harper, farmer. David Ochterloney of Tillifroskie, born 21 Jan., 1690, died 1739, and is buried at Birs. He married Mary, daughter of Peter Forbes of Balfour in the parish of Fettercairn, and she died in Feb., 1739, and was carried to the grave with her husband. The eight children of David and Mary (Forbes) Ochterloney were:

1. PETER, who m. Margaret, dau. of Thomas Buchan, Laird of Auchmacoy, and had five children. On 14 Jan., 17 44, Peter Ochterloney of Tillifroskie was served as heir general to his father, David Ochterloney of Tillifroskie. 26 Sept., 17 55, he was served as heir special, in Tillifroskie, Boghead, Ramma­ hagan in Birs, to his father David, who died in 1739. 11. DAVID, a captain in General Monkton's regiment of foot, who was unm., and d. of wounds received at the Siege of Quebec, Aug., 1754. iii. JAMES, a twin of David, d. in Feb., 1739. 1v. ALEXANDER, a planter in the island of Dominica, where he d. 25 May, 1779. He m. Mary Ann, dau. of John Gordon of Do­ minica, and had two daughters. v. ELIZABETH, who m. Francis Douglas of Aberdeen and Abbots Inch, son of Robert Douglas of Blackmiln, Logie Coldstone. He was an author, of whom a sketch is given in " Eminent Scotsmen," by Irvine.

Sir Robert Douglas of Glenbervie, the author of the earliest pub­ lished Scotch Peerage and Baronage, and a kinsman and contemporary of Robert of Blackmiln, states the latter's descent from John, son of Sir Archibald Douglas of Glenbervie, a grandson of Archibald, fifth Earl of Angus, commonly known as "Bell the Cat." Of the loss of two sons of this Earl of Angus at the battle of Flodden, Hume, the historian of the house of Douglas, says : "There was also slain at this battle George, Master of Angus, and Sir William of Glenbervey, with some two hundred Gentlemen of the Name of Douglas." Francis and Elizabeth ( Ochterloney) Douglas had one son, Robert, a merchant at St. Domingo, and five daughters, one of whom, Bethia, married Hugh, son of John Cochrane, Baillie of Paisley. Hugh and Bethia (Doug­ las) Cochrane were the grandparents of the late Alexander Cochrane, formerly in business with the late Gov. Thomas Talbot, at Billerica, Mass., and founder, in 1859, of the Cochrane Chemical Works at South Malden, now Everett, Mass. BIRSE CHURCH Burial place of the Ochterloney Fan,ily

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vi. MARY, whom. Alexander Dyce of Aberdeen, and had five sons and three daughters. vii. ANN, who m. Andrew Tate. viii. BETHIA, who m. Charles Tate, an advocate in Aberdeen. Alexander Ochterloney, born 16 Sept., 1695, son of James and Elizabeth (Gairden) Ochterloney, married 1 Nov., 1721, Elizabeth, daughter of David Tyrie of Dunnydeer; she died 23 July, 1749. He was laird of Pitforthy, Brechin, Forfarshire. In this parish are still to be found the farms of East Pitforthie and the Mains of Pitforthie. His five sons and two daughters were : 1. GILBERT, of Newtown Mill and Pitforthy, whom. 2,5 Sept., 1745, Maria, dau. of William Smith, Professor of Philosophy at Aberdeen. He d. without issue, 6 Feb., 1786. ii. DAvrn, d. 30 Oct., 1765; of whom presently. iii. JAMES, who d. on the Isle of Man, 8 March, 1760, leaving a daughter, Elizabeth, wife of Alexander Fairweather of Bre­ chin, and afterwards of Philadelphia. 1v. ALEXANDER, Lieut. of the "Juno," killed by an accident at Quiberon Bay in 1760; unm. v. CHARLES, who d. in Bengal, in 1755. vi. ELIZABETH, who d. unm., in 1782. vii.JANE, whom. 17 Sept., 1748, John Lyon, Esq., of Forgandenny and Castle Lyon, North Britain. Shed. in April, 1775, leav­ ing issue. David, second son of Alexander and Elizabeth (Tyrie) Ochter­ loney, was a captain in the merchant service, residing for a while at Montrose. Probably Boston was one of the many ports visited by him in his voyages. Five years after his first appearance in Boston, 4 June, 1757, his intention of marriage was published to Katherine, daughter of Andrew Tyler of Boston, by his wife Miriam, a sister of Sir William Pepperell. On 27 June, 1762, he purchased a brick house with about 1,500 sq. feet of land on Back Street, which at that time was that part of Salem Street from Hanover Street to Prince Street. Meanwhile three sons and a daughter were born: David, Gilbert (d. 1780), Alexander (d. 1803), and Catherine (d. 1792). The eldest of these was David, born 12 Feb., 17 58, who was to revive the glory of the name in a new locality. Burke's "Extinct Baronetcies" states that Gilbert Ochterloney, the second son, died in 1763. The following extract from the Gentle­ man's Magazine tells a different story. Under Deaths, 16 Jan., 1780, "Gilbert Ochterling (Ochterloney), esq.; a very amiable youth, aged about 16. He died at the house of his father Isaac Heard, esq. in the college of arms. [The eighth line in our last, p. 51, col. 2, is a mistake. J" This last refers to a death item of the preceding month, "at the Heralds College, Isaac Heard, esq." Capt. David Ochterloney, the father, continued his career as a mariner, but a few years after locating permanently in Boston he died 14 in 1765, at St. Vincent. His will, made at the time of his marriage, was probated 7 March, 17 66, and left everything to his wife "Ka­ trin"; but his debts made his estate insolvent, and it was not till 1791 that a sum was realized to close up the estate, by a dividend of six and a half pence on the pound to his creditors. His widow went to England, where she married second, Sir Isaac Heard of London, Norroy and Garter King of Arms, and Gentleman of the Red Rod to the Order of the Bath. Sir Isaac Heard, born 10 Dec., 17 40, at Ottery St. Mary, Devon­ shire, did not die till 29 April, 1822. During his official career as Garter King of Arms he proclaimed the titles, etc., at the funerals of six generations of the House of Brunswick. He proclaimed George IV. as King, at Carlton House, 31 Jan., 1820. The son David, born 1758, was a scholar at the Latin School in Boston when his father died, in 1765. At the age of eighteen he went to India as a cadet, and in 1778 received an appointment as Ensign. In 1781 he was Quartermaster to the 71st Regiment of Foot. He attained the rank of Major in 1800, Lieutenant-Colonel in 1803, and Colonel in 1812. His commission as Major-General bears the date of 1 June, 1814. In 1817 he received the thanks of both Houses of Parliament, and after nearly fifty years of uninterrupted military duty, through impaired health he was forced to resign, with the in­ tention of returning to England, but while at Meerut, for a change of air, died 15 July, 1825. He was Deputy-Adjutant-General at the Battle of Delhi, after which he was sent as Envoy to the Court of Shah Alum. For his conduct in the Nepaulese war he was created a Knight Commander of the Bath, and 7 March, 1816, was made a baronet. After his death there was erected in Calcutta a monument to him which is one of the notable sights of that city. These distinc­ tions were the occasion of researches in the family history by Sir Isaac Heard, his stepfather, which resulted in an account of the family back to about the year 1650. This account was kindly placed at the disposal of the writer by the present baronet, and was confirmed and added to by his own researches. The arms granted were: Azure, a lion rampant argent, holding in his paws a trident erector, and charged on the shoulder with 'a key, the wards upward, of the field; a chief embattled or, thereon two banners in saltire, the one of the Mahratta states vert, inscribed Delhi, the other of the states of Nepaul; the staves broken and en­ circled by a wreath of laurel proper. In the patent, granted 1816, the title did not descend, and was re-created 8 Dec., 1823, and the limitation was extended to Charles Metcalf Ochterloney of Delhi, son of Roderick Peregrine and Sarah (Nelley) Ochterloney. Sir Charles Metcalf Ochterloney, Bart., B. E., I. C. S., was served as heir of provision general, 21 Oct., 1839, to Maj.-Gen. Sir David Ochterloney, Bart. Sir Charles married, 31 Dec., 1844, Sarah, daughter of William P. Tribe of Liverpool, and was suc­ ceeded by his son, the present baronet, Sir David Ferguson Ochter­ loney, to whom the writer is indebted for courtesies and hospitality on many occasions. 15

Roderick Peregrine Ochterloney married Sarah, daughter of Col. John Nelley of the Bengal Engineers, and had David William, b. 1809, d. young ; Charlotte Anne Montgomerie, d. 1834 ; and an only surviv­ ing son, Sir Charles Metcalf Ochterloney, b. 21 Dec., 1817, d. 11 Aug., 1891, who married, 31 Dec., 1844, Sarah, daughter of William P. Tribe, Esq., of Liverpool. She died 16 Nov., 1896. They had CHARLES WALCOTT GORDON, b. 1847; d. 30 April, 1855. DAVID FERGUSON, b. 27 Oct., 1848. Ross WrLKIE, b. 10 June, 1853; d. 1900. A son and daughter (twins), b. and d. 1859. GILBERT DouGLAS, b. 20 May, 1867 ; d. 7 Dec., 1882. SARAH HELEN, b. 29 Sept., 1845 ; m. 8 Dec., 1868, Sir James Liston Foulis. CHARLOTTE AMY, b. 27 Dec., 1857. ANNIE GEORGIANA, b. 1 March, 1864; d. 9 April, 1883. MARY HUNTER, b. 10 Sept., 1868; m. 25 Sept., 1889, Major John Grant. Sir David Ferguson Ochterloney, the present baronet, married, 1 Sept., 1873, Somerville, b. 1848, daughter of Barron Grahame, Esq., of Morphie, Kincardine, descended from one of the oldest cadets of the now ducal house of Montrose, and had MACKENZIE WALCOTT, b. 7 June, 1874; d. 12 March, 1875. MATTHEW MoNTGOMERIE, b. 28 Feb., 1880. DAVID MACKENZIE COTMAN, b. , 1885 ; d. , 1893. SOMERVILLE BARCLAY, b. SARAH OGILVIE GRAHAM, b. ROSE w ALCOTT, b. MARY AMELIA, b. d. 1893. CHARLES FRANCIS, b. , 1891. MARGARET JANE HERDMAN. Sir David has a residence at Balerno, Midlothian, and a town house in Edin burgh. The arms of the Ochterloney family used in past centuries are those described in the account of John Ochterloney, circa 1682 : - Azure, a lion rampant argent, within a border gules entoure of eight buckles or. Above the shield a helmet mantled gules and double argent, and on the torse for a crest an eagle displayed azure with an escallop in her beak argent. The motto" Deus mihi adjutor." These arms were registered by John Ochterloney of Guynd and two of his kinsfolk in 1672-1678. Then the Stewart quartering previously used, namely, or a fesse chequy argent and azure, was dropped. In 1779 there was certified to, in the College of Arms, London: "Azure, a lion rampant argent charged on the side with a key in pale of the field and holding in the dexter paw a trident or. Crest, a swan rousant argent ducally crowned or, collared and chained of the last, charged on the breast with a rose gules." This was probably the work of Sir Isaac Heard. 16

The crest last given has been modified in recent years, inasmuch as the breast is charged with a buckle gules instead of a rose, and the wings and body debruised by a bendlet sinister wavy azure. The motto is "Spe labor levis." Other branches of the family have flourished in Scotland, but the limits of this sketch prevent a detailed account of them. Some of the family in clerical life should receive mention. George Ouchterloney, A. M., acquired his degree at St. Andrew's ; admitted to Carmyllie parish before 28 Dec., 1611, he continued till 3 April, 1616, when he was accused of giving scandal by his marriage. John Ouchterloney, A. M., of St. Andrew's in 1643, was admitted to Aberlemno parish before 1655, and died in 1695, aged about seventy­ two. He married Mary Lindsay, who died in Jan.,' 1678. His brother, Alexander Ouchterloney, A. M., graduated at Aberdeen in 1661 and was presented to Carmyllie parish in 1667, and died before 2 May, 1683, aged about forty-two years, leaving two sons and a daughter, John, Robert and Jean. His son, John Ouchterloney, was served his heir 28 July, 1699, and of his brother and sister 16 May, 1693. (Inq. Ret., XLIII., 300.) He became the assistant of his uncle John at Aberlemno about 1690. He was owner of Flemington, where he had a church. He removed to Dundee in 1726, became bishop of the Non-jurant church at Edin­ burgh, and had the district of Brechin assigned to him, and died at Dundee in May, 17 42, aged seventy-five. His only son, Alexander, went to Philadelphia. Robert Ochterloney, born at Guynd, 27 Oct., 1662, was admitted 20 May, 1685, to Garvock, deposed for intruding at Montrose during rebellion, 1715, lived retired and died at Montrose 9 Jan., 1750, in eighty-eighth year. David Ouchterloney, A. M., of St. Andrews 1643, first a school­ master, ordained 8 Aug., 1650 ; in 1651 chaplain to Lord Carnegie's regiment; translated 23 Sept., 1658, from Finhaven to Fordoun, where he died in 1691, aged about sixty-eight years. His wife, Mar­ garet Carnegie, died in Sept., 1647 ; and a daughter Agnes married James Farquharson of Tulloch coy. John Ouchterloney, A. M., formerly of Balmerino, was intruded to Fordoun prior to 16 April, 1701, and died between March, 1710, and 29 Jan., 1712. Robert Ouchterloney, born at Guynd, 27 Oct., 1662.