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Carnivorous Diving Beetles of the Genus Desmopachria

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Carnivorous Diving Beetles of the Genus Desmopachria Carnivorous Diving Beetles of the Genus Desmopachria (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) from Brazil: New Species, New Records, and a Checklist Author(s): Rafael Benzi Braga and Nelson Ferreira-Jr Source: Journal of Insect Science, 14(55):1-26. 2014. Published By: Entomological Society of America DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/031.014.55 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1673/031.014.55 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. 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Journal of Insect Science: Vol. 14 | Article 55 Braga and Ferreira-Jr Carnivorous diving beetles of the genus Desmopachria (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) from Brazil: New species, new records, and a checklist a* b Rafael Benzi Braga and Nelson Ferreira-Jr Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68044, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-971, Brasil Abstract Eight new species of Desmopachria Babington, 1841 are described and illustrated from Brazil: D. dicrophallica sp. nov., D. disticta sp. nov., D. grammosticta sp. nov., D. grandinigra sp. nov., D. itamontensis sp. nov., D. leptophallica sp. nov., D. stethothrix sp. nov., and D. ukuki sp. nov. The species D. amyae Miller, 2001, D. chei Miller, 1999, D. margarita Young, 1990, and D. volatidisca Miller, 2001 are recorded for the first time from Brazil. From species of the Desmo- pachria reported in Brazil, D. aldessa Young, 1980 has a new record from Pará state and D. fossulata Zimmermann, 1928, D. granoides Young, 1986, and D. laevis Sharp, 1882 have new records from Rio de Janeiro State. A checklist of all Desmopachria recorded from Brazil is pre- sented with notes about some of the localities. Resumo Oito espécies novas de Desmopachria Babington, 1841 são descritas e ilustradas para o Brasil, D. dicrophallica sp. nov., D. disticta sp. nov., D. grammosticta sp. nov., D. grandinigra sp. nov., D. itamontensis sp. nov., D. leptophallica sp. nov., D. stethothrix sp. nov. e D. ukuki sp. nov. As espécies D. amyae Miller, 2001, D. chei Miller, 1999, D. margarita Young, 1990 e D. volatidisca Miller, 2001são registradas pela primeira vez para o Brasil. Das espécies de Desmopachria regis- tradas para o Brasil D. aldessa Young, 1980 tem um novo registro para o estado do Pará e D. fossulata Zimmermann, 1928, D. granoides Young, 1986 e D. laevis Sharp, 1882 têm novos reg- istros para o estado do Rio de Janeiro. Uma listagem de todos os Desmopachria registrados para o Brasil é apresentada, com notas acerca de algumas localidades. Abbreviations: DZRJ, Entomological Collection Prof. José Alfredo Pinheiro Dutra, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; INPA, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; MZSP, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo Keywords: catalog, description, distribution, Neotropic, taxonomy Correspondence: a [email protected], b [email protected], *Corresponding author Editor: Henry Hagedorn was editor of this paper. Received: 31 August 2012 Accepted: 19 September 2013 Published: 19 April 2014 Copyright: This is an open access paper. We use the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license that permits unrestricted use, provided that the paper is properly attributed. ISSN: 1536-2442 | Vol. 14, Number 55 Cite this paper as: Braga RB, Ferreira-Jr N. 2014. Carnivorous diving beetles of the genus Desmopachria (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) from Brazil: New species, new records, and a checklist. Journal of Insect Science 14:55. Available online: http://www.insectscience.org/14.55 Journal of Insect Science | http://www.insectscience.org 1 Journal of Insect Science: Vol. 14 | Article 55 Braga and Ferreira-Jr Introduction Desmopachria are small (1.00–2.50 mm in length), rounded beetles with colors varying The genus Desmopachria Babington, 1841 from light brown to black, and they may is one of the largest Dytiscidae groups have spots or streaks. The beetles are usually around the world, with 111 valid species at without sexual dimorphism. Miller (2001) the present (Braga and Ferreira-Jr 2011; listed a series of diagnostic characters of this Makhan 2012; Megnar and Sánchez- genus, such as reduction of the metacoxal Fernández 2014), 58 of which are recorded lobes, reduction of the anterior metatarsal from Brazil. These species are common in claw, antennomeres 1–2 wider than follow- Neotropic and southern Nearctic freshwater ing articles, antennomeres 5–10 short and areas and occur in a variety of lentic habi- slightly expanded in apical half, labial pal- tats, including ponds, streams, forest pools, pus with apical pair of sensilla widely bromeliads, and tree hole pools (Miller separated, maxillary palpus with an apical 2005). sensillum, pronotum with posterolateral an- gles produced backward, metacoxae fused to Desmopachria can be collected in large visible abdominal sternite one, and me- numbers using black lights and mercury va- tatibia with apical transverse row of spines por lamps (Miller 2005). Due to the small discontinuous medially. size of the insects, manual collections or col- lections using sieves rarely obtain these In our study, eight new species of Desmo- species. However, because not all species pachria from Brazil are described and are attracted to light traps, the most appro- illustrated in this article, and new records for priate way to manually collect these small D. amyae Miller, 2001, D. chei Miller, 2001, predaceous diving beetles is to use samplers D. margarita Young, 1990 and D. volatidis- with mesh of 1 mm in diameter or less. ca Miller, 2001 from Brazil are presented. However, care must be taken during collec- From species of the Desmopachria reported tion because these samplers tend to get in Brazil, D. aldessa Young, 1980 has a new coated with sediment very quickly. A very record from Pará State and D. fossulata effective method is to place the sampler over Zimmermann, 1928, D. granoides Young, a plastic tray immediately after scraping. 1986, and D. laevis Sharp, 1882 have new The water drained through the mesh usually records from Rio de Janeiro State. A check- contains small aquatic beetles, which are list of all Desmopachria recorded from easily seen in the bottom of the tray. The Brazil is presented with notes about some compression of the sediment and of the veg- localities. etation from the banks of aquatic environments allowing water runoff to a Materials and Methods plastic tray usually brings along some small aquatic beetles. Despite difficulties of col- The specimens were examined under a ste- lection, new species of the Desmopachria reoscopic microscope with up to 150 times are regularly encountered, and it seems like- magnification. The measurements were ob- ly that the true number of species is tained with the aid of a grid ocular with significantly higher than currently known. accuracy of 0.01 mm onto a stereomicro- scope, and specimens were preserved in tubes with ethyl alcohol 92%. The genitalia Journal of Insect Science | http://www.insectscience.org 2 Journal of Insect Science: Vol. 14 | Article 55 Braga and Ferreira-Jr were mounted in slides and coverslips with Nomenclature glycerin gel to drawings and stored in mi- This publication and the nomenclature it crovials within the specimen tube. Because contains have been registered in Zoobank. the species of this genera usually lack exter- The LSID number is: nal sexual dimorphism, the only way of determinate the sex of specimens is examin- urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4EF7A35B-0535- ing the genitalia, therefore only the sex of 4FC8-AB3B-BC1E3A88AF0B the holotype was determined. The terminol- ogy used in the descriptions follows that of It can be found online by inserting the LSID Young (1980, 1995) and Miller (2001, number after www.zoobank.org/. 2005). The specimens were deposited in Coleção Entomológica Prof. José Alfredo Desmopachria dicrophallica sp. nov. Pinheiro Dutra, Departamento de Zoologia, (Figures 1–3) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (DZRJ) and in the entomological col- Description. Holotype male: total length lections of the Instituto Nacional de 2.30 mm; maximum width 1.50 mm; elytral Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) and Museu length 1.60 mm; maximum width of the pro- de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo notum 1.10 mm. Head, pronotum, and (MZSP). The specimens from this work ventral surface light brown; elytron dark were collected under the federal license brown (Figure 1). (IBAMA) numbers 002/2004, 001/2005, 003/2006, 012/2006, 008/2007 Body rounded. Head inconspicuously punc- MAB/FAUNA; 124/2004, 289/05, 321/2006 tate; clypeus lightly truncate and beaded; MMA/IBAMA; 11081-1, 14591-1, 14591-2, antennomeres 6–10 slightly expanded in api- 14591-3, 14591-4 MMA/ICMBIO; 11081-1, cal half. Pronotum short and wide, very fine 19206-1, MMA/IBAMA, ICMBIO. and inconspicuously punctuate except for the posterior margin, where the punctures are In the descriptions of new species, the col- coarse, without basal striae, and lateral bead lection were the specimens were deposited is wide. Prosternal process apically strongly given first, the geographic coordinates are forked, area between rami forming a deep listed second, and the labels accompanying pit; metasternum, metacoxae, and ventrites the specimens are listed third, each between without punctures.
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