Morality Aspects of the Main Character in Lee Daniels‟ Movie the Butler

MORALITY ASPECTS OF THE MAIN CHARACTER IN LEE DANIELS‟ MOVIE THE BUTLER

A Thesis

Submitted in Partial Fullfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Humaniora (S.Hum) in English & Literature Department of Adab & Humanities Faculty of UIN Alauddin Makassar

Arranged by :

Fanny Setya Ningrum Reg. Number 40300112070

ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT ADAB AND HUMANITIES FACULTY ALAUDDIN STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR 2017

AKNOWLEDGMENT

Assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh...

Alhamdulillahi rabil „alamin, first of all, I would like to expresses my highest gratitude to Allah subhanahu wa ta‟ala for blessing, love, opportunity, health, and mercy to complete this undergraduate thesis. This undergraduate thesis entitled “Morality Aspects of The Main Character in Lee Daniels‟ Movie “The

Butler” is submitted as the final requirement in accomplishing undergraduate degree at English and Literature Department, Adab and Humanities Faculty,

Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar. In arranging this thesis, a lot of people have provided motivation, advice and support for me. In this valuable chance, I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to all of them. First, my deepest appreciation goes to my beloved parents, my mother Yulianti, SH. for the endless love, pray, and support, and my father Muhammad Nasir for the phone call every week in order to remind me to keep going and never giving up.

I would like to to thank the dean of adab and humanities faculty, Alauddin

State Islamic University, Makassar, Dr. H. Barsihannor, M. Ag. My gratitude and great appreciation to my first supervisor, H. Muh. Nur Akbar Rasyid, M.pd.,

M.Ed., Ph.D for his supervision, advice, and guidance so this thesis would not have been possible without the help, support and patience. Then to my second supervisor Syahruni Junaid, S.S., M.Pd. who has helped me patiently finishing this undergraduate thesis by giving suggestion, guidance, and correction until the completion of this thesis.

My greatest appreciation also goes to Hj. Nahdhiyah, S.S., M.Pd. and

Faidah Yusuf, S.S., M.Pd. as my examiner and also the head of English and

Literature Department, Adab and Humanities Faculty, Alauddin State Islamic

University, Makassar, H. Muh. Nur Akbar Rasyid, M.pd., M.Ed., Ph.D.

Moreover, I also would like to thank to all of the lectures in English and literature

Department, Adab and Humanities faculty who have taught and given me the knowledge during the study.

My beloved sisters Fitry, Ainun, and Aizyah who never stop asking about the completion of my study. Their text messages keep me annoyed but magicaly give me reason to be focus to finish my study as soon as posible.

For my unbiological sisters and brother Nur Amriani, S.Hum, Ella Asfirah,

S.Hum, Try Fahmi Umar, S.Hum, Nurhayati, S.Hum, Wiwi Andriani, S.Hum,

Rahmatia, S.Hum, Maisarah Rahmi, and Muh.Syaiful. I am very grateful to have some close friends who always support me. You are always a good listener for every problem I faced, especially when I had to revise this thesis. And all of my friends in English and Literature Department who cannot be mentioned here one by one. Especially AG.3/4 (2012). Thanks for your attention and support.

Finally, the writer hopes the study would be useful for all the readers and other researcher. For this reason, constructive thoughtfull suggestion and critics are welcomed. Makassar, 5th December 2017

The Researcher

Fanny Setya Ningrum 40300112070

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ...... i

STATEMENT SHEET ...... ii

PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI ...... iii

PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING ...... iv

APPROVAL SHEET ...... v

ACKNOWLEGEMENTS...... vi

TABLE OFCONTENTS ...... vii

ABSTRACT ...... viii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...... 1

A. Background ...... 1 B. Research Question ...... 3 C. Objective of The research ...... 3 D. Significances of The research ...... 3 E. Scope of The research ...... 4

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ...... 5

A. Previous finding ...... 5 B. Theoretical Background ...... 6 1.) Morality or morals...... 6 2.) Moral value ...... 8 3.) Aspect of morality ...... 9 1. Religious Morality ...... 9 a. Thankfulness ...... 9 b. Sincerity ...... 9 2. Natural Morality ...... 10 3. Individual Morality ...... 10 a. Bravery ...... 11 b. Humbleness ...... 11 c. Honesty...... 12 d. Responsibility ...... 12 e. Consistency ...... 12 f. Trustworthiness...... 12 g. Kind-hearted ...... 13 h. Loyalty ...... 13 i. Friendly ...... 13 j. Love and Affection ...... 13 4. Social Morality ...... 14 a. Cooperativeness ...... 14 b. Sympathetic ...... 15 4.) Synopsis of the movie “The Butler” ...... 15

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH ...... 17

A. Method of research ...... 17 B. Source of data ...... 17 C. Instrument of the research ...... 17 D. Procedures of data collection ...... 18 E. Technique of data analysis ...... 18

CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS ...... 20

A. Findings ...... 20 a. Individual morality ...... 20 b. Social morality ...... 35 B. Discussions ...... 38 a. Individual morality ...... 38 b. Social morality ...... 44

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...... 47

A. Conclusion ...... 47 B. Suggestion ...... 48

BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 49

CURRICULUM VITAE ...... 51

ABSTRACT

Name : Fanny Setya Ningrum Reg. Number : 40300112070 Major : English and Literature Department Faculty : Adab and Humanities Title : Morality Aspect of The Main Character in Lee Daniels‟ Movie The Butler Supervisor I : H. Muh. Nur Akbar Rasyid, M.Pd., M.Ed., Ph.D Supervisor II : Syahruni Junaid. S.S., M.Pd.

This research discussed about Morality Aspects in The Butler movie. The objective of the research is to describe morality aspects potrayed by the main character in The Butler movie. This research focused on Neiman Susan theory about morality aspects. Then, the data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative method. The research used note taking as intrument to find out the valid data. The findings showed that there are two kinds of morality aspects found in this movie they are individual morality and social morality of the main character in The Butler movie. The research conclude that there are ten individual morality of the main character in The Butler movie. They are consistency, love and affection, friendly, honesty, trustworthiness, responsibility, bravery, loyalty, kind-hearted, Humbleness. And there are two social morality of the main character in The Butler movie. They are cooperativeness and sympathetic.

Keywords : Morality Aspects, Individual Morality, Social Morality, Neiman‟s theory

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents the background, research question, objective

of research, scope of research and significance of research.

A. Background

Wellek and Warren (1995: 109) say that literature presents the life

and that life is largely made up of social reality, although, literature is also

considered as a social phenomenon. (Kowalsky, 2012:60) The movie can

be categorized as literary work that present social phenomenon that

happen in a society. Movie is not only presented as bad art but also as

image which has philosophical reason. Strinati (1995: 70) also argues that

mass media such as movie have big influence in society in conveying the

idea about cultural issue and phenomenon including moral, ethic and

human relation.

Most of the movie adapted from real story in the world and the

other adapted from books or novel. Most of people use film or movie to

entertain, criticize, advertisement, and education. Movie will give us a

massage such as moral, motivation, believing to God, science, etc. This

research is intended to describe the morality aspect based on the main

character. In other word is to describe the moral value of the main

character such as individual moral, social moral, and religion moral.

Moreover, the researcher have reason doing about morality because in this film shows much about the morality of the main characters both individually and socially.

In literary work, moral generally means some suggestion that related with tenet of practical moral values, that can be understands by the readers through the text story. The moral tenet itself included problems of human life. Generally the problems of human life can be divided into three parts interaction such as interactions between human to themselves or the person to him/herself, human to others and environment, and the interaction between human to their God. Kenny (in Nurgiyantoro

2010:321).

Related to the human behaviour islamic studies mention some verses to Quran and hadits which deal how the people should behave.

Quran examines that about good moral as cited in surah Al-Azhab (21).

Al-Azhab (21).

لَقَ ْد َكا َن لَ ُك ْم فِي َر ُسو ِل هَّللاِ أُ ْس َوةٌ َح َسنَةٌ لِ َم ْه َكا َن يَ ْر ُجو هَّللاَ َوا ْليَ ْو َم اآل ِخ َر َو َذ َك َر هَّللاَ َكثِي ًرا

“Indeed in the messenger of Allah (Muhammad SAW) you have good example to follow for him who hopes for (the meeting with) Allah and the last Day, and remembereth Allah much”.

In different sentences, this verse teaches human that all people are equal, but they are different because of the moral. This exampled by

Prophet Muhammad SAW that Allah chooses him because of his moral. In addition, Suyuti (420: 2014 ) mentions that the aim of Islam is to guide people in order to reach the appropriate moral like Prophet Muhammad

SAW who gets an award in his era as a leader with good guidance.

The Butler movie tells about Cecil's personal life. A man who served in the White House as black butler. Moral behaviour of Cecil

Gaines can be seen from his loyality is showed through his dedication as black butler who served seven US president in the White House during the rign of Dwight Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson,

Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, and Ronald Reagan from 1952 to 1986 or about 34 years. Not only that, he also has good behaviour when he worked in the White House. It can be seen when Cecil is willing to devote full-time to overtime for his job even he is willing to have a little time with his family and also Cecil is willing to devote all his energy to work even though he did not get a salary in accordance with his rights, but he still work wholeheartedly and sincerely. Another good character of

Cecil Gaines in this movie are hard worker, honest, patience and figures who are responsible for protecting his family.

The researcher was interested in analyzing The Butler for several reasons. First, this movie has great story because the plot of the story was very interesting, in some scenes providing information about the reign of the seventh president of the United States. The second, the movie delivers some values of life. The third, this movie was very inspiring, there were many positive messages that can be taken from this movie such as hardness of heart and spirit for never give up and also The Butler is one of

box office movie in Hollywood.

B. Research Question

In this research, the researcher focused on morality aspect as

reflected in the main character. Then, the problem of the research is:

How is the morality aspects of the main character reflected in The

Butler movie ?

C. Objective of the research

Based on the research question above, the main objectives in this

research is:

To describe morality aspects potrayed by the main character in The

Butler movie.

D. Significances of the research

This research has several significances:

1) Theoretically

The researcher expect that the study can support for the

development of literary study, particularly among the people who are

interested and willing to study it and this research can be used as helpful

reference in order to understand the content of the movie and how the

morallity aspects theory is applied in the research.

2) Practically this research expected to be useful :

a. Researchers : this research can be one of source for them in doing

research with similar object. This research can be explored deeper

with different theory.

b. Lecturers : this research can be a reference topic for their students

in analyzing movie based on morality aspect.

c. Readers : this research may give information and knowledge about

morality aspect which expressed in The Butler movie.

E. Scope of the research

Basically, there are many aspects which can be disscussed in this

movie. Nevertheless, in this research the writer focused on analyzing

morality aspects potrayed by the main character in The Butler movie. In

Neiman‟s theory consist of four aspects of morality that are religious

morality, natural morality, individual morality, and social morality. But,

the writer only focuses on the individual morality and social morality.

Because, This aspect is important as a guide of life in daily life to build a

good character as individual or social.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter explains about the review of related literature which deals with some previous findings and some pertinent ideas.

A. Previous Findings

This research has some relationship with the previous findings of the research. They are follows:

Kusmahardika T, (2008), in her thesis entitled “The Loyalty of Bhisma in Seen Cakravanthi V. Narasimhan‟s Mahabrata”. This study has two purpose. The first is to analyze Bhisma‟s character and the second to find out how loyalty is shown in Bhisma. The researcher used several theories namely the theories of character, characterization, morals and morality and the theory of relationship between literature and morality. This research applied philosophical approach. The finding of this research reveals that good character of Bhisma are skillful and clever, brave, heroic and great warrior, wise, love for and caring of his family and country, responsible, religious, loyal, noble and holy.

Sumartina, (2015), in her thesis entitled “Moral Qualities of Poppy

Moore‟s Character in Wild Child Movie”. This research has two problem statements, the moral qualities of Poppy Moore‟s character in Wild Child movie and the effect of Poppy‟s act in Wild Child. This research applied moral and philosophical approach and movie theory about moral. The finding of this research reveals that there are five bad moral qualities of Poppy

Moore‟s character in Wild Child movie, they are disrespect, disobedience, arrogant, and dishonest. And there are two good moral qualities of Poppy

Moore‟s character based on Wild Child movie that are loyalty and responsibility.

Based on the previous researches above show that the researcher find out the differences and the similarities between those previous researches and this research. The similarities with the previous researches above is talking about morality or moral. The difference is seen from the discussion within both studies. Kusmahardika‟s research focused on character and characterization of the main character in the story. He also used several theories. While, Wiwit Mitha Sumartina‟ research focused on bad and good quality in the main character. On the contrary, the researcher focused on morality aspects portrayed in the main character The Butler movie.

B. Theoretical Background

1.) Morality or morals

Morality and moral derive from the Latin mores, meaning customs,

manner, and character (Earle, 1992: 178). As stated by Oxford Advances

Learner‟s Dictionary, moral relates to the standard or principles of good

behaviour (Hornby, 2010: 959).

According to Sternberg (1994: 938)., morality refers to concern

with is good or right in peoples relationship with each other. It is to be

specific about definitions of good (or bad) and right (or wrong), since the terms can be used in several different ways. Social relationship can be judged by standards such as efficiency or showing careful when makes judgements and decisions. Gough (1965) states that morality reflects behavior which is based on principles of right and wrong, where right and wrong are determined both by the individual person and the societal group within which the person resides.

Morality is about politeness. It is a system of moral principles of how to life. Morality is about moral principles or honesty behavior of an act. Agnes & Laird (2002:413) It is not only talking about honesty, politeness, and principles of moral but also including goodness, integrity, kindness, justice, upstanding, and standards of how should we do an attitude. Henry Hazlitt (2003: 109) states that morality is an art to maximize happiness because by considering this matter it will be useful for our self and the other people.

Hurlock (1956) states True Morality is behavior which conforms to social standards and which is also carried out voluntary by the individual.

It comes with the transition from external to internal authority and consists of conduct regulated from within. It is accompanied by a feeling of personal responsibility for the act. Rossenblatt says that morality is often related to a value, generally value relates to goodness and nobleness.

Then, the researcher can conclude that morality is a system of principles and values concerning people's behaviour good and bad, right and wrong related with the some interactions between human to themselves or the person to her/himself, human to others people and environment, and the interactions of the human to their God.

2.) Moral Value

Moral values is the standards good or bad behavior, it is common with ways people thinks and actions. When the peoples do something usually getting reactions from others people (Nurgiyantoro 2010:323-324).

Moral values are the result of valuing process of comprehension implementing of God and humanity values in life. So, these values will guide human knowledge and creativity appropriately (Linda and Eyre,

1997).

Moral value concerns with the view of the goodness or badness of human action and character. Moral is good and bad about a person‟s behavior in every day life as being an individual and societal creation.

Moral can be demonstrated trough one‟s action in daily live (Muslich,

2006:55-56).

Moral values, Bagus waluyo (2007: 28) stated are standards or principles in judging conducts or behavior. Bagus, by borrowing Stanton‟s opinion, says that moral values are the same in every society, since the moral values are influenced by the culture of group or society. Moral value, in this case, actually appears by the long process through the emergence of any society in running social activity. In the society, the people interact to one another. That creates norm and value of the society; then from the norm and value, the moral value based on their agreement will seems by itself.

3.) Aspects of morality

According to Neiman (2009: 422) there are four aspects of morality that are divided as follows:

1. Religious morality

Religion and morality have been closely intertwined. The value that related with God is also called divinity moral values, it something interactions manage between human and God. In other word religion moral is the attitude of the human to God which can they show in daily activity, it means all the activities are connected with the worship of them.

It refers to a man's relationship with God or the Extraordinary

Power of Attorney. Human beings are the best to ever serve God on this earth. It be should man was devoting himself to God by making what was told to him and avoid what is forbidden him. So, faith and belief in God is the first principle of human moral life. All actions, deeds and deeds must necessarily because of God. a. Thankfulness

Thankfulness is word or action that shows that we are grateful to somebody for something. b. Sincerity

Sincerity shows the feeling, belief, or behavior that we really think or feel (Hornby, 2010: 1385). It generally comprehended to be truth in word and act. It helps to understand that the man acts according to his conscience.

2. Natural morality

Morality and nature are concerned with human beings in relationship to nature. Natural morality describe a form morality human attitude towards nature like how they treat, care, protect and preserving nature.

It refers to man's relationship with nature (nature). Nature originally created so that the Lord is full of beauty and enjoyment. The responsibility man is taking care of the all natural beautiful and complete it with the best of it. This is to ensure safety human life itself. Every object in nature has a meaning and benefits.

3. Individual morality

Individual morality defines how we personally respond to life from or within our own integrity, and within our own personal values. In other words, Individual morality is an awareness of the good principles in humans beings that affect how they think and act.

It refers to man's relationship with him/herself or escort from within. More precisely it refers to the way people act and think the attitudes and awareness morals. An individual will do something and not be influenced by the treatment of other aspects but the judgments themselves are no actions are good or true and correct or incorrect. Individual morality is individual‟s character concerned with human beings in relationship to themselves or human attitude to him/herself, it means that human has the right to make their decisions and do something or actions.

Individual morality they are: a. Bravery

Bravery is willing to things which are difficult (Hornby, 2010:

169). It is the ability to stand up for what is right in difficult situations.

The bravery to take the decision is very useful to face the problems

(Siagian, 2003: 112). A bravery person is someone who will be fight to do something in difficult situation. b. Humbleness

Humbleness means showing that we do not think if we are as important as other people (Hornby, 2010: 734). The humbleness person is represented people who do not arrogant, greedy, selfless, but they are loyal, spirited solidarity, polite, and offering people some help. c. Honesty

Honesty is the quality of being honest. It always tells the truth and does not hide the rightness (Hornby, 2010: 721). According to the

Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy an honest person is someone who is honest in their dealings with others and also discourages the dishonesty of others. It involves integrity in all areas of one‟s life and the ability to be true to oneself and one‟s role in the world across circumstance. Honest is when a person divulges what is the true in their mind. A honest people actually can be believed by the others. d. Responsibility

The health of humans soul is showed in their actions. when our soul and our body healthy we can do anything and when we have done with ourselves we can do things to others people. One of the important characters of harmonious personality is responsible for many kinds of responsibility such as responsible for our duties, families, jobs, clients, friends, neighborhoods and person who have relations with us as personality and general society. According to Wibowo (2012) that responsibility is actions or behavior of a person, to perform the task and obligations, he should do to himself, society, and environment. e. Consistency

When we have willing to do things or wants to get something we must consistent in effort to do it. Always behaving in the same way till get what are the expectation and believe in the ability of self. f. Trustworthiness

g. Kind-hearted

The kind-hearted is the quality of being kind (Hornby, 2010: 822).

It is the act or the state of being marked by good and charitable behavior, pleasant character, and concern for others. h. Loyalty

Loyal to family, to work, to state, to the school and to organization and other institution are responsible to us. Ready to support, to serve, to help, trusted and in carrying out consistence promises (Linda, 1997). The loyal person is someone who has dedication and ready to work for a long time. i. Friendly

Aware that the friendly and carrying attitude is more commendable than the rough attitude. The tendency to use instead of confrontation.

Tenderness, especially on the younger and weaker. Capable of making new friends and maintain friendship. Lightweight hand to help. Jovial

(Linda, 1997) j. Love and affection

Love is a strong feeling or deep affection for somebody or something, especially a member of family or friend (Hornby, 2010: 884).

Love as concept enters philosophy at one point through religion, particularly when the origin of the world is expressed as an act of procreation or the Creator is conceived of as loving his creation either as a whole or in part that is the human race. It is one of the most powerful human impulses. It is seen to be much in need of control, especially if man

is able to use his rational capacities (Edwards, 1972: 89). Affection is the

emotional state of liking or loving somebody or something very much and

caring about them (Hornby, 2010: 24). It is can be given to others and

stored or accumulated. Giving affection is something that requires some

efforts. The characteristic of love and affection is care each other and had

to be saved together.

4. Social morality

Human is individual and social personal, the human certainly doing

interactions with others in life. In their relationships with others, the

human must be know about the standard goods or bad behaviors in society

in order to make the relationship to be close and respect each others.

Social Moral is the attitude of human to others include actions to help,

compassions, care etc.

It refers to man's relationship with other human beings. This is the

most important aspect in people's lives everyday. Man can not live alone

all the time. They must live in groups and society. Here is a matter of

morality at the heart of life. In a society that does not close relationships

between members of course the condition was unstable. a. Cooperativeness

Cooperativeness involves the fact of doing something together or

working together toward a shared aim (Hornby, 2010: 323). It concerns

the degree to which a person is generally agreeable in their relations with other people as opposed to aggressively self centered and hostility or

unfriendliness. b. Sympathetic

Sympathetic is the feeling of being sorry for somebody. It shows

that we understand and care about the problems of the other people

(Hornby, 2010: 1514). It is an extension of empathic concern, or the

perception, understanding, and reaction to the need of another human

being.

4.) Synopsis of the movie “The Butler”

The Butler is extraordinary film directed by Lee Daniels and

written by Danny Strong. This film received many awards and

nominations in various awards the movie. after release this film got

revenues of over $ 161 million. Some of the characters in the film The

Butler, played by famous artists and actors hollywood such as Oprah

Winfrey, Mariah Carey, Terrence Howard, Alex Pettyfer, Cuba Gooding,

Lenny Kravitz, Robin Williams, Minka Kelly, John Cusack, James

Marsden, Liev Schreiber, Alan Rickman up Jane Fonda.

The Butler was inspired by the real story of Eugene Allen, a man as

black butler who served seven US president in the White House during the

rign of Dwight Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson,

Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, and Ronald Reagan from 1952

to 1986 or about 34 years in the White House. This movie tells presents journey of life Cecil Gaines when he worked in the White House. Moral character of Cecil Gaines can be seen from his loyalty is showed through his dedication as black butler who served seven US president in the White House during the rign of Dwight

Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard Nixon, Gerald

Ford, Jimmy Carter, and Ronald Reagan from 1952 to 1986 or about 34 years. Not only that, He also has good behaviour when he worked in the

White House. It can be seen when Cecil is willing to devote full-time to overtime for his job even he is willing to have a little time with his family and also Cecil is willing to devote all his energy to work even though he did not get a salary in accordance with his rights, but he still work wholeheartedly and sincerely. Another good character of Cecil Gaines in this movie are hard worker, honest, patience and figures who are responsible for protecting his family.

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH

This chapter explain about how to use of this research. There are five parts that include in this chapter, method of research, source of data, instrument of research, prosedure of data collecting and technique of data analysis.

A. Method of Research

In this research, the researcher used specific method which is related to the research. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative to analyze complete the data. Descriptive qualitative method intends to describe everything related to the topic of the research (Ratna, 2004: 53). Analysis and description is to reveal something about the facts. In this research, the researcher looked for the data to search information by watching movie and also from some referential books, some literature books, and other source like article and website in doing this research to support the topic.

B. Source of data

The main source of the data in this research is the movie The Butler directed by Lee Daniels. It was published in 2013. The duration of the movie is 2 hours 12 minutes 4 second.

C. Instrument of The Research

In order to get the data, the researcher applied the instrument which is called note taking. Note taking is a method in assembling data required by using note cards to write down the data finding from source of data either from oral presentation or written sources (Ray, 2004: 1). In addition, after watching the movie and read other references, the researcher made some notes and using color coding to classify the important unit or sentence that related with the focus analysis.

D. Procedures of Data Collection

In order to collect the data, the researcher conducted the following procedures of collecting data:

1) The researcher watched the movie The Butler understanding it

comprehensively and continually.

2) The researcher read script of The Butler movie in order to mark the

important acts and dialogues.

3) The reseacher wrote down the data about individual morality potrayed

by the main character in The Butler movie.

4) The reseacher wrote down the data about social morality potrayed by

the main character in The Butler movie.

5) The reseacher made some notes and wrote down on the note cards

there are two cards namely pink card and green card. Pink card for

individual morality and green card for social morality.

E. Technique of Data Analysis

In this section the reseacher analyzed the data used Susan Neiman‟s theory about aspects of morality. This theory consists of four aspects of morality that are religious morality, natural morality, individual morality, and social morality. But, the reseacher only focused on the individual morality and social morality to explain morality aspect that expressed in the main character

The Butler movie.

CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

In this chapter, the researcher attempt to analysis the morality aspects in The Butler movie. After read it intensively the researcher found two kinds of morality aspect that are individual morality and social morality expressed in this movie. The morality aspects based on the actions of the main character.

A. Findings

This section concerns about the analysis of morality aspects in The

Butler movie. As mentioned in the previous chapter that the purposes of this study is to describes morality aspects portrayed by the main character in The Butler movie. In other word is also to describe the moral value of the main character that expressed in individual morality and social morality.

Meanwhile, morality aspects derived to the four kinds that are religious morality, natural morality, individual morality, and social morality. In this research, the researcher only focuses on the individual morality and social morality.

After the analysis of the data, the researcher would like to explain about morality aspects of Daniels‟movie The Butler. The researcher found only two kinds of morality aspect, they were individual morality is interactions of the human to themselves. Social morality is interactions of the human to others and environment. While, she did not find religious morality and natural morality. a. Individual Morality

Individual morality is interactions of the human to themselves or individual morality can be defines how we personally respond to life within our integrity and within our personal value. In this aspect the researcher find some individual morality they are consistency, love and affection, friendly, honesty, trustworthiness, responsibility, bravery, loyalty, kind-hearted, and humbleness.

Data 1 ( Consistency )

When we have willing to do things or wants to get something we must consistent in effort to do it. Always behaving in the same way till get what are the expectation.

MAYNARD : “Slow Down!” CECIL : “Yes, Sir” MAYNARD : “You got to look in their eyes”. “See what it is they want”. (Cecil watches attentively) MAYNARD : “Got it ? “storekes” CECIL : “Yeah, I got it”. (Cecil continues to watch Maynard make martinis) MAYNARD : “See what it is they need”. (Maynard watches Cecil finish the martinis) MAYNARD : “Perfect”. (Page 8 to 9) In this dialog, Maynard teaches Cecil how to be a good servant like make a martini shaking with style, clean a candelabra, cleaning each piece by hand. Cecil watches attentively and he always tried to do the best and professional in serving white people. His tenacity turned out to attract the attention of the White House. Finally, he is appointed one of the butlers for the president of American.

Data 2 ( Love and affection )

Love is a strong feeling or deep affection for somebody or something, especially a member of family or friend (Hornby, 2010: 884).

Affection is the emotional state of liking or loving somebody or something very much and caring about them (Hornby, 2010: 24).

Cecil stands in the doorway, smiling at his family. CECIL : “Where‟s Louis at?” GLORIA : “He is taking the trash out” Charlie looks at his father, smiles. He‟s happy to see him CHARLIE : “Working late again, huh?” Cecil drops his refined dialect at home CECIL : “Yup” CHARLIE : “How was your shift?” CECIL : “Beats working for a living” GLORIA : “I miss you at night, honey.” Coffee in hand, Cecil kisses her LOUIS : “Hey dad.” CECIL : “Hey Louis. You alright?” LOUIS : “Yeah I‟m fine” (Page 13 to 14) In this dialog, Cecil looks just arrived from work after overtime a few days. At the time, Gloria is preparing breakfast in the kitchen for her family, Carlie looks happy to see his father coming home. Then, cecil asked about his son. He looks very fond of his family. It seems when he is smiling and happy to see his family.

Data 3 ( Honesty ) Honestly is the quality of being honest. It always tells the truth and does not hide the rightness (Hornby, 2010: 721). According to the

Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy an honest person is someone who is honest in their dealings with others and also discourages the dishonesty of others. It involves integrity in all areas of one‟s life and the ability to be true to oneself and one‟s role in the world across circumstance. Honestly is important and being the foundation of relationship.

Cecil sits in a chair for what seems like an eternity. WHITE USHER comes up. WHITE USHER : “Would you follow me, please?” CECIL : “Yes sir.” INT. FREDDIE FALLOW‟S OFFICE - BLAIR HOUSE - DAY – 1957 Cecil sits in a small finely furnished office across from FREDDIE FALLOWS, black, mid-50‟s, speaks with and has the formality of English royalty. CECIL : “I‟m Cecil Gaines. It‟s a pleasure to meet you.” FREDDIE : “You as well. Have a seat.” Long beat as Freddie eyes him over. Then - FREDDIE : “Are you political, Mr. Gaines?” CECIL : “No, sir.” FREDDIE : “Good, we have no tolerance for politics at the White House.” CECIL : “How did you find me?” FREDDIE : “I didn‟t. You served RD Warner at the Excelsior Hotel. He oversees operations for the entire White House. You made quite an impression.” CECIL : “I don‟t recall.”

(Page 16 to 17) In this dialog, when Cecil first time came to the White House.

Then, Mr. Freddy as the head of white house interviewed Cecil by asking a few questions. Cecil answers his question by telling the truth that he is only the man who knows serving. Actually, Mr. Freddy was impressed with cecil's service when he worked at the Excelsior Hotel as servant. So, it can make Mr.Freddy believe in and be sure about his abilities and qualities.

Data 4 (Trustworthiness )

GLORIA : “Honey when you gonna take me to the White House?” CECIL : “You wanna go to the White House, baby?” GLORIA : “You know I wanna go.” (Cecil CHUCKLES. Moves over to Howard) CECIL : “When you want to go?” GLORIA : “Don‟t play with me now you know I want to go.” HOWARD : “The White House, that‟s a big step up.” CECIL : “Yeah. It is exciting.” GINA : “(To Gloria) Girl, you are up in that house now. I want to hear all of the stories.” GLORIA : “I don‟t know how many stories you gonna hear „cus they done swore him to some kind of secret code and he can‟t tell me nothing.” (Page 21) In this dialog, Gloria is having a party with her neighbors in her home. They talked about cecil who was accepted to work in the white house. Then, Gloria asks Cecil to take her to the White House. But cecil looks kidding to respond gloria‟s question. Gloria said that cecil knows many stories and secrets about the White House but Cecil never told her about the White House.

Data 5 ( Friendly )

Aware that the friendly and carrying attitude is more commendable than the rough attitude. The tendency to use instead of confrontation.

Tenderness, especially on the younger and weaker. Capable of making new friends and maintain friendship. Lightweight hand to help.

CECIL : “I‟m Cecil Gaines. I‟m the new butler.” Cecil and Freddie walk through the White House hallway FREDDIE : “There are 16 full time maid, 6 butlers, 4 carpenters, 2 painters,7 electricians, 3 dishwashers, 3 doorman, a full kitchen staff including pastry chef and 3 full time calligraphers. 2 painters, 7 electricians and engineers.” They walk the Cross Hall passing Presidential portraits FREDDIE : “Here comes Warner.” The Crew Cut Man from the hotel, RD WARNER, cold, walks by CECIL : “Mr. Warner, I wanted to thank you for this opportunity to work in the Whi..” But RD Warner keeps walking, doesn‟t even acknowledge him. Cecil is surprised by he snub, but Freddie just smiles, that‟s how it is here. FREDDIE : “(Laughing) Come on. Here we go.” Cecil spots a maid scrubbing the floor of a bathroom. CECIL : “Ma‟am, I‟m Cecil Gaines, I‟ll be working with you here.” FREDDIE : “Mr. Gaines, please don‟t do that.” (Page 22 to 23) In this dialog, Cecil and Freddie walk through the White House hallway to see the atmosphere of the white house. Then, Mr. Freddie explains the people who worked in the White House. At the time, cecil see people who work in white house and cecil greet them. He did not look hesitate to greet and introduce himself to everyone who worked in the white house.

Data 6 ( Responsibility )

The health of humans soul is showed in their actions. When our soul and our body healthy we can do anything and when we have done with ourselves we can do things to others people. One of the important characters of harmonious personality is responsible for many kinds of responsibility such as responsible for our duties, families, jobs, clients, friends, neighborhoods and person who have relations with us as personality and general society

INT. KITCHEN - LATER - 1957 (Wearing his tuxedo jacket. Cecil places a colonial silver teapot on a silver tray. A few members of the kitchen staff shoot him glances as he preps the tray. They know it‟s his first serving) CARTER : “Lord, help us.” LORRAINE : “Don‟t be nervous man, just go on and get to it.” (Freddie whispers to him) FREDDIE : “You hear nothing, you see nothing, you only serve.” CECIL : “Yes, Sir.” CARTER : “How‟d it go?” CECIL : “I almost shit myself.” (Page 25 to 26) In this dialog, The first day Cecil works in the white house. Cecil is nervous because this is his first serving president. Carter (cecil's co- worker) also looked very anxious when Cecil for the first time serving the president. He was worried if Cecil made a mistake. Eventually, Cecil finishing his duties well.

Data 7 ( Love and affection )

Love is a strong feeling or deep affection for somebody or something, especially a member of family or friend (Hornby, 2010: 884).

Affection is the emotional state of liking or loving somebody or something very much and caring about them (Hornby, 2010: 24).

BUS STATION - NIGHT - 1958 (The family rushes through a bus depot toward a Greyhound bus. They are sending Louis off to college) GLORIA : “I told you don‟t be late! You can‟t miss this bus!” CECIL : “Wait wait wait! We gotta say goodbye. This can wait!” (Everyone stops running for a moment. Cecil turns to Louis, he looks really worried) CECIL : “Tennessee is a long ways away Pops.” LOUIS : “Fisk is a really good school, dad.” CECIL : “You can change your mind and go to Howard.” GLORIA : “I cannot believe you are still talking about Howard University. He‟s going to Fisk.” (Cecil smiles through the pain of losing his son) CECIL : “I know. I know, it‟s just so far away. That‟s all.” (Louis looks at his dad) LOUIS : “That‟s the point.” CECIL : “What‟s the point?” Louis walks away over to his mom. Cecil is taken aback, confused. Gloria is in tears, hugging her arms, she waits with Charlie by the bus. Back to Cecil and Gloria, he‟s very worried. CECIL : “I can‟t protect him in the south.” GLORIA : “The south has changed Cecil. The south ain‟t what it was when you was there.” LOUIS : “Come on, dad.” Louis and Cecil walk over to the bus, they stare at each other. It‟s awkward between them, neither knows what to say. LOUIS : “I gotta go dad. I gotta go.” Cecil can‟t bring himself to hug him, so he finally puts out his hand. They shake and Louis enters the bus. CECIL : “If you need anything, you call me.” LOUIS : “Alright.” LOUIS : “Bye mamma.” GLORIA : “Bye Louis.” The white BUS DRIVER nods to him to go (Page 32 to 35) In this dialog, Cecil and his family are on the bus station to sending his son louis off to collegee in Tennesee. He was very worried when Louis

(his son) decided to college outside. Cecil did not let him far away because he could not protect his son and he is afraid if Louis may be killed by white man when racial discrimination is so severe.

Data 8 ( Love and affection )

Love is a strong feeling or deep affection for somebody or something, especially a member of family or friend (Hornby, 2010: 884).

Affection is the emotional state of liking or loving somebody or something very much and caring about them (Hornby, 2010: 24).

INT. WHITE HOUSE - LIVING ROOM - NIGHT - 1965 President Johnson watches the newscast on three separate televisions at the same time. He looks deeply disturbed. He looks over to Cecil who is also watching the footage with fear and sadness. President Johnson : “How are your boys, Cecil?” CECIL : I don‟t know how my oldest is Mr. President, but I think he‟s Selma. (Then) Sometimes I feel like we‟re living in two different worlds. I just want to keep him safe. Cecil seems defeated. President Johnson looks at him with understanding. (Page 69 to 70) In this dialog, President Johnson is watching television about discrimination to the black man and at that moment, Cecil is serving him.

Then, President Johnson asked the condition of cecil‟s son. He looked very worried if Louis his son is killed and he just want make sure that his son is saved.

Data 9 ( Bravery )

Bravery is willing to things which are difficult (Hornby, 2010:

169). It is the ability to stand up for what is right in difficult situations.

The bravery to take the decision is very useful to face the problems

(Siagian, 2003: 112). It is not doubtful in facing the danger because gives the strength to do the action which is considered right in front of the strong opponent (Neuschel, 2008: 82).

INT. BLAIR HOUSE - RD WARNER‟S OFFICE - DAY - 1966 Cecil sits across from the Chief Usher, RD Warner. Cecil is nervous, gripping his sweaty palms. RD WARNER : “Come in, Cecil.” CECIL : “Good afternoon, Mr. Warner. Thank you for seeing me.” RD WARNER : “What do you want?” CECIL : “Since the colored...the black staff...does just as much work as the white staff, I believe that our salaries should reflect our service, sir.” RD WARNER : “Black‟ staff?” CECIL : “I also feel that we should have opportunities of advancement. No black houseman have ever been promoted to the engineer‟s office.” RD Warner stares at Cecil for a long beat. Then - RD WARNER : “You‟re very well liked here, Cecil, but if you‟re unhappy with your salary or position, than I suggest you seek employment elsewhere.” CECIL : “With all due respect sir...” RD WARNER : “Don‟t let that Martin Luther King shit fill your britches out. Just remember where I found you.” CECIL : “Yes sir.” CECIL : “Excuse me.” He walks out of the room, humiliated. (Page 73 to 74) In this dialogue, Cecil asks to Mr. Warner as the chief usher of white house for black staff to get a raise salary must be equated with white staff. However, Cecil get rejected but it does not ommit Cecil's spirit to fight for the rights of African-American workers at the White House. He think that black staff have a chance to get a job and promotion to work in the engineer's office.

Data 10 ( Loyalty )

INT. WHITE HOUSE - RD WARNER‟S OFFICE - DAY - 1986 Cecil stands across from the Chief Usher, RD Warner. RD WARNER : Morning, Cecil. CECIL : Morning, Mr. Warner. May I sit down. RD Warner‟s stare says „no‟. Cecil remains standing. CECIL : I‟ve been here for almost thirty years now, and for all that time, the black help has been paid a smaller salary than the white help. And I just don‟t think it‟s right, Mr. Warner. There are black housemen who should be engineers by now, they should‟ve been promoted years ago. (Page 95) In this dialog, Cecil is at Warner's office. He tell to Mr. Warner that he has worked almost for 3 decades as the black butler and he wanted black housemen who should get promoted and get the same paid like white man.

Data 11 ( Kind-hearted )

The kind-hearted is the quality of being kind (Hornby, 2010: 822).

It is the act or the state of being marked by good and charitable behavior, pleasant character, and concern for others.

WESTFALL‟S COTTON FARM - DAY - 1986 Cecil takes Gloria to the shack that he was raised in. It looks much worse than in his youth, rotted to the core. CECIL V.O. : Americans always turned a blind eye to what we had done to our own. We look out to the world and judge. We hear about the concentration camps, but these camps went on for 200 years... right here, in America. They wander around what was the cotton field. It‟s completely different. The fields are more like dirt patches. Cecil takes it all in. He points to a run down shed. CECIL : “I buried my daddy right over there. It‟s a little windy. Gloria smiles at Cecil.” GLORIA : “My mamma would have been right proud of me, being with a man like yous. Taking such good care of me all of these years. I love you Cecil Gaines. Cecil holds Gloria‟s hand as they stare at the remains of his childhood.” CECIL : “I love you more Gloria.” (Page 101)

In this dialog, Cecil and Gloria are visiting farms. In there, cecil tells about his childhood when he used to work as slaves. Gloria looks very amazed to cecil who is steadfast to faceis life. Then, Gloria reveals how lucky she is got him who has a good heart.

Data 12 ( Humbleness )

Humbleness means showing that we do not think if we are as important as other people (Hornby, 2010: 734).

INT. WHITE HOUSE - BEDROOM - DAY - 1986 Ronnie looks surprised as he talks to Cecil. RONNIE : “Are you sure about this?” Cecil nods. CECIL : “Yes sir. I just want to be the one who tell you first, that‟s all.” RONNIE : “You‟re the best butler here. You are like family, Cecil.” CECIL : “It‟s been an honor serving you.” RONNIE : “Not just for me, I‟m sure I speak for all the Presidents when I say that you‟ve served your country well.” Cecil humbly grins. CECIL : “Thank you, Mr. President.” (Page 102) In this dialog, In this dialog, cecil asks Mr. Reagan to resign from his job but Mr. Reagan disagreed with cecil‟s decision because Mr.

Reagan fell cecil is like a family and he is also served all presidents of

American well. b. Social Morality

As social creatures, human cannot escape from the others. Human certainly do relationship with other human being in daily life in family environment, society and state, this is called social moral. They were cooperativeness and sympathetic.

Data 13 ( Sympathetic )

Sympathetic is the feeling of being sorry for somebody. It shows that we understand and care about the problems of the other people.

(Hornby, 2010: 1514). It is an extension of empathic concern, or the perception, understanding, and reaction to the need of another human being. It is the act of entering into or sharing the feelings or interests of another.

INT. WHITE HOUSE- BUTLER‟S LOCKER ROOM- DAY – 1963 Cecil sits on the ground in despair, he‟s clearly been crying. Carter walks into the room, looks confused. CARTER : “Hey... Hey Cecil. Cecil, what‟s wrong? Cecil. Cecil?” CECIL : “They blew his head off.” CARTER : “Who are you talking about?” Cecil looks up at him, eyes filled with tears. CECIL : “Kennedy.” Carter drops his tray as he runs out of the room. INT. WHITE HOUSE - RED ROOM – NIGHT Still in her blood stained skirt, Jackie wanders the room and sits on a couch as she clutches one of her husband‟s ties. She is pale, still in shock. CECIL V.O. : Mrs. Kennedy refused to change her clothes so that everyone could see what they did to her husband. The last time I saw that much blood was the day my daddy was killed. Cecil gingerly walks over to her as she stares at a painting. CECIL : “Please tell me how I could help you.” Mrs. Kenneddy gets up and leaves the room. (Page 60 to 61) In this dialog, Carter looks confused when cecil sits on the ground in despair, he is already been crying. He looked very lost. Then, Cecil explains that the president Kennedy got shooted. She approached Mrs.

Kennedy to offer help because he feels sorry to Mrs. Kennedy who can‟t stop crying lost her husband.

Data 14 ( Cooperativeness )

Cooperativeness involves the fact of doing something together or working together toward a shared aim (Hornby, 2010: 323). It concerns the degree to which a person is generally agreeable in their relations with other people as opposed to aggressively self centered and hostility or unfriendliness.

INT. WHITE HOUSE - LIVING ROOM - NIGHT - 1986 RONNIE REAGAN, sits at his desk. He sees Cecil out in the hall. RONNIE : “Cecil! Cecil!” CECIL : “Yes sir, Mr. President.” Reagan jumps up and hurries over with energy. RONNIE : “You stay there, I‟m coming to you.” Reagan puts his arm around Cecil and speaks in a conspiratorial tone. RONNIE : “I have a secret mission for you.” CECIL : “Yes, sir?” Ronnie takes out a sealed envelope. RONNIE : “I would like to send people money when they write me about their financial problems, but my staff has been trying to get me to stop. You think you could help me keep this going?” CECIL : “Absolutely, Mr. President.” Ronnie hands him the envelope. RONNIE : “I appreciate your help with this. And please don‟t tell Nancy.” CECIL : “Of course not, sir.” (Page 94 ) In this dialogue, Mr. President Ronnie is in his office. At the time, he look cecil is passing in front of his office then he asked cecil's help to run a secret mission that is sending money to people who have problems with finances which not be known by other staff and also Ronnie‟s wife.

He believes that a cecil is someone who can work together and someone who can be trusted. B. Discussions

In this part of discussions, the researcher explain the data based on findings in previous part. The researcher described morality aspects portrayed by the main character in The Butler movie by using Susan‟s theory. The researcher find only two kinds of morality aspects that contained of individual morality and social morality. The research classified that the main character showed ten individual moralities they are consistency, love and affection, friendly, honesty, trustworthiness, responsibility, bravery, loyalty, kind-hearted, and humbleness. This research also described that there were two social moralities they are cooperativeness and sympathetic. a. Individual Morality

Individual morality is interactions of the human to themselves or individual morality can be defines how we personally respond to life within our integrity and within our personal value. In this aspect the writer found some individual morality they are consistency, love and affection, friendly, honesty, trustworthiness, responsibility, bravery, loyalty, kind- hearted, and humbleness.

Data 1 (Consistency)

When we have willing to do things or wants to get something we must consistent in effort to do it. Always behaving in the same way till get what are the expectation. In this scene refers to consistency. It appeared when he do things to get something that is become a proper butler. Individual morality of consistency showed when he always exercises his capabilities in serving like make a martini shaking with style, clean a candelabra, cleaning each piece by hand because he has a great hope to be success become a proper butler.

Data 2 ( Love and Affection )

Love is a strong feeling or deep affection for somebody or something, especially a member of family or friend (Hornby, 2010: 884).

Affection is the emotional state of liking or loving somebody or something very much and caring about them (Hornby, 2010: 24). The characteristic of love and affection is care each other and had to be saved together.

Love and affection are the basic of human relations. In this scenes appeared love and affection when Cecil express love and affection to his family. It showed when he asked about condition his son. He looked so loving his family it seems when he was smiling and happy to see his family. This scenes refers to individual morality of love and affection because they were care each other.

Another love and affection scene it could be seen in Extract 7 and

Extract 8 has the same cases love and affection also appeared cecil express love and affection to his son Cecil's worried when Louis (his son) decide to college outside. Cecil did not let him far away expressed that how love him to his son. He was afraid if he lost his son. In Extract 8 Cecil express care and love, when he is watching the new cast in television with fear and sadness. Cecil showed deep love to his son. He really want to meet with his son to make sure that he is in good condition. This scene refers to care and love feeling, because cecil is caring to his son.

Data 3 (Honesty)

Honestly is the quality of being honest. It always tells the truth and does not hide the rightness (Hornby, 2010: 721). According to the

Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy an honest person is someone who is honest in their dealings with others and also discourages the dishonesty of others. It involves integrity in all areas of one‟s life and the ability to be true to oneself and one‟s role in the world across circumstance. Honestly is important and being the foundation of relationship. A honest people actually can be believed by the others.

Individual Morality of honesty showed when Cecil showed his honesty by telling the truth when he was interviewed by Mr. Freddie as the head of the White House about himself that he is not a politician. He is only a man who knows to serve and worked according to his quality.

Data 4 (Trustworthiness )

Trustworthiness is that the action that we can rely on to be good, honest, sincere, etc (Hornby, 2010: 1602). It is considered to be virtue. A trustworthy person is someone who will not betray the trust which has been given by the other people who believes him. This scene showed the trustworthiness. It can be seen from his attitude that is able to hold firm his promise when Cecil never tells anything about the white house to anyone even his wife and he also be able to keep the secret of everything that happened in the white house.

Data 5 ( Friendly )

Aware that the friendly and carrying attitude is more commendable than the rough attitude. The tendency to use instead of confrontation.

Tenderness, especially on the younger and weaker. Capable of making new friends and maintain friendship. Lightweight hand to help.

Cecil showed his hospitality it can be seen when he first worked at the white house. He did not hesitate to greet and introduce himself to everyone who worked in the white house.

Data 6 ( Responsibility )

This scene refers to responsibilty. It appeared when he is very responsible for himself to finish his duties. His responsibility can be seen when he first serving. He is be able to finish his work without making mistakes and he is also able to account for what he commanded. He know about what he do and doing his duties happily.

Data 9 ( Bravery )

Bravery is willing to things which are difficult (Hornby, 2010:

169). It is the ability to stand up for what is right in difficult situations.

The bravery to take the decision is very useful to face the problems

(Siagian, 2003: 112). It is not doubtful in facing the danger because gives the strength to do the action which is considered right in front of the strong opponent (Neuschel, 2008: 82).

This scene refers to bravery. It can be seen in himself when Cecil braves to ask Mr. Warner as the chief usher of White House that the salary between the whites people and blacks people should be equalized although he got rejection and he also braves to fight for the rights of black staff in the white house. Where at that time, there is no black workers who brave to fight for their rights.

Finally, in the Ronald Reagan reign, Cecil‟s claim was accepted, so the African-American people can enjoy equality in terms of salaries and promotions. This can be seen from Mrs. Reagans gives congratulations to

Cecil.

MRS. REAGAN : “Cecil.” CECIL : “Yes, Mrs. Reagan?” MRS. REAGAN : “We will talk, Jim.” Jim : “Yes.” CECIL : “Yes, ma'am?” MRS. REAGAN : “You're very popular around here. Everyone says you're the man that got them raises and promotions. I had no idea.” CECIL : “I wish I could take credit for that.” Data 10 ( Loyalty )

Loyal to family, to work, to state, to the school and to organization and other institution are responsible to us. A loyal person is someone who ready to support, to serve, to help, trusted and in carrying out consistence promises (Linda, 1997).

In this scene refers to loyalty. Cecil showed his loyality it can be seen when he worked as the black butler for thirty years to serve the White

House, Cecil Gaines had served seven American presidents over three decades, starting from Dwight Eisenhower until Ronald Reagan.

Data 11 ( Kind-hearted )

The kind-hearted is the quality of being kind (Hornby, 2010: 822).

It is the act or the state of being marked by good and charitable behavior, pleasant character, and concern for others.

This scene refers to kind-hearted. It can be seen when Gloria said that she really love cecil because he is kind and good person. He has good care to his family who make gloria feels happy and comfortable live with cecil.

Data 12 ( Humbleness )

Humbleness means showing that we do not think if we are as important as other people (Hornby, 2010: 734). Humbleness is a character of people who do not arrogant, greedy, selfless, but they are loyal, spirited solidarity, polite, and offering people some help.

This scene refers to humbleness. It can be seen from his humble attitude when president Ronnie praised cecil's performance during he worked at the white house in serving the American president well. Ronnie said that he is the best butler in the wite house. Here, individual morality of humbleness appeared, cecil stay humble and not to be arrogant with his performance during he worked at the white house, did not feel particularly special. b. Social Morality

Data 13 ( Sympathetic )

Sympathetic is the feeling of being sorry for somebody. It shows that we understand and care about the problems of the other people.

This sscene refers to sympathetic. It can be seen when Cecil express his feeling of being sorry for somebody. It shows the tears in his eyes when he heard the news of President Kennedy get shooted. He also felt sorry to Mrs. Kennedy because she looks very shock. He asks her how he could help her because she didn‟t stop crying which show his strong sympathetic to others.

Data 14 ( Cooperativeness )

This scene refers to cooperative. It can be seen when he has a good cooperative in doing something together or working together it can be seen when Cecil accepted the mission without telling anyone.

After doing analysis The Butler movie. The researcher found two aspect morality. It can be conclude that morality aspect found in The

Butler movie that showed in the main character. Here, the morality aspect of the main character can be seen in his act, that are individual morality and social morality. Individual morality show the actions of main character to himself, they are consistency, love and affection, friendly, honesty, trustworthiness, responsibility, bravery, loyalty, kind-hearted,

Humbleness. The second is the actions of main character to his environment, in this case includes the action of main character to the people around him, as social moral are cooperativeness and sympathetic. The comparison between previous studies and the resulth of this research

1. Kusmahardika T, (2008), “The Loyalty of Bhisma in Seen Cakravanthi V.

Narasimhan‟s Mahabrata”.

This research has two purpose. The first is to analyze Bhisma‟s

character and the second to find out how loyalty is shown in Bhisma.

Kusmahardika used several theories namely the theories of character,

characterization, morals and morality and the theory of relationship

between literature and morality. This research applied philosophical

approach. The finding of this research reveals that good character of

Bhisma in Seen Cakravanthi V. Narasimhan‟s Mahabrata” or called

individual morality.

While, the resulth of this this research. The researcher found two

kinds of morality aspect they are individual morality and social morality

The previous study above show that the reseacher find out the

differences and the similarities between the previous study and the resulth

of this research. The similarities is talking about morality or moral. The

difference is seen from the finding within both of studies. Kusmahardika‟s

research found one morality aspects that is individual morality. On the

contrary, the reseacher found two morality aspects they are individual

morality and social morality portrayed in the main character.

2. Sumartina, (2015), in her thesis entitled “Moral Qualities of Poppy

Moore‟s Character in Wild Child Movie” This research has two problem statements, the moral qualities of

Poppy Moore‟s character in Wild Child movie and the effect of Poppy‟s act in Wild Child. This research applied moral and philosophical approach and movie theory about moral. The finding of this research reveals that there are five bad moral qualities of Poppy and two good moral qualities

Moore‟s character in Wild Child movie.

While, the resulth of this this research. The researcher found two kinds of morality aspect they are individual morality and social morality and dominant good moral as seen in the main character.

Based on the previous study above show that the researcher find out the differences and the similarities between the previous study and this research. The similarities is talking about morality or moral. The difference is seen from the finding within both of studies. Sumartina‟s research found good and bad moral on the main character. On the contrary, the reseacher found good moral in aspect morality individual and social on the main character.

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. CONCLUSION

In this chapter the researcher is going to draw a conclusion about morality aspect that expressed in Daniels‟ movie The Butler. From this analysis the researcher found two kinds of morality aspect. The first is the actions of main character to himself, as individual moral. The second is the actions of main character to his environment, in this case includes the action of main character to the people around him, like the family and friends, as social moral.

After analyzing the kinds of morality aspect. The reseacher found some contents of each moral. For the first is about Individual Morality they are consistency, love and affection, friendly, honesty, trustworthiness, responsibility, bravery, loyalty, kind-hearted, Humbleness. The second is about Social Morality contains are cooperativeness and sympathetic.

Based on the statement above, the contents of the movie is more dominant to good moral values. It contains about the morality aspect of main character that has good attitude to all of people around him. He is very good as the individual and social personal. He has the attitude that can conform in many situations and conditions. We can take some kinds of morals in this movie as a role of our life. It is a wonderful way to improve our behavior and develop our intelligent spiritual. B. SUGGESTION

Based on the explanations above, the researcher would like to give suggestions for the readers and the further researchers. For the readers, this study is expected to enrich knowledge about value of life that very important things for our life. So enrich your knowledge by reading science books and reads of many literary books. For the further researchers, it is hoped that the study of morality aspect in Daniels‟ movie The Butler can be inspired continuing research in different movie by similar study.

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CURRICULUM VITAE

Fanny Setya Ningrum was born on July 02,

1994 in Toraja South Sulawesi. She is a daughter from

Muhammad Nasir and Yulianti, SH. Her hobbies are

traveling, watching movie, and dancing. She has three sisters and no brother. She entered at elementary school SD Negeri Kaluku

Bodoa Makassar graduated in 2006. In the same year, she continued her study at Junior High School Datuk Ribandang Makassar graduated in

2009. Then, she continued her study in Senior High School 22 Makassar graduated in 2012. After finishing her study at school, she enrolled at

Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar in 2012 and took English and Literature Department of Adab and Humanities Faculty.