Symposium Proceedings
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Symposium PPrroocceeeeddiinnggss 222000000777 VVViiirrrgggiiinnniiiaaa /// WWWeeesssttt VVViiirrrgggiiinnniiiaaa WWWaaattteeerrr RRReeessseeeaaarrrccchhh SSSyyymmmpppooosssiiiuuummm “Connecting Management to Aquatic Communities” November 26-30, 2007 The Inn at Virginia Tech and Skelton Conference Center Blacksburg, Virginia www.vwrrc.vt.edu/symposium2007 2008 Disclaimer: Papers published in these proceedings were submitted by authors in electronic format. The authors are responsib le for the content and accuracy of their individual papers. Papers were edited only to ensure a consistent format. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the Virginia Water Resources Research Center or the co-sponsors of the symposium. The mention of commercial products, trade names, or services does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation. An electronic copy of the proceedings is available for download free of charge from: http://www.vwrrc.vt.edu/proceedings.html Published by Virginia Water Resources Research Center 210 Cheatham Hall (0444) Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA 24061 Phone: 540-231-5624 • Fax: 540-231-6673 www.vwrrc.vt.edu West Virginia Water Research Institute National Research Center for Coal and Energy West Virginia University PO Box 6064 Morgantown, WV 26506 Phone: 304-293-2867 • Fax: 304-293-7822 wvwri.nrcce.wvu.edu/index.cfm Virginia Tech does not discriminate against employees, students, or applicants on the basis of race, color, sex, sexual orientation, disability, age, veteran status, national origin, religion, or political affiliation. Anyone having questions concerning discrimination should contact the Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action Office. P13-2008 Proceedings 2007 Virginia / West Virginia Water Research Symposium “Connecting Management to Aquatic Communities” November 26-30, 2007 Blacksburg, VA Sponsored by College of Natural Resources Department of Biological Sciences Department of Biological Systems Engineering Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences Department of Geosciences West Virginia University Micron Foundation Virginia Department of Environmental Quality Edited by Ana Constantinescu Virginia Water Resources Research Center Table of Contents (jump to sessions or individual papers by clicking the titles) Session I-A: Protecting and Restoring Regional Waters…………………………1 Water Quality in Headwater Streams: A Test of Best Management Practices………….1 Jonathan W. Holley*1, Randolph M. Chambers1, Gregory S. Hancock2; 1Biology, College of William & Mary; 2Geology, College of William & Mary Reductions in Stormwater Quantity and Pollutant Loads Due to Bioretention and Structural Soil Practices……………………………………………………………………10 Kathy M. DeBusk*, Tess Wynn, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech A Stream Flow Restoration Project for the Potomac Headwaters………………………11 Neil Gillies, Cacapon Institute, WV Session I-B: Gaining Insight into Microbial Communities in Aquatic System...20 Characterization of Phytopathogenic Bacteria from Irrigation Reservoirs at Two Commercial Nurseries in Eastern Virginia……………………………………………….20 S. Umesha*, P. Kong, C. X. Hong, Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Tech Bacterial Communities from a Headwater Stream at an Abandoned Arsenic Mine…..26 Shanley H. Ignacio*, James E. Muller*, Stuart A. Cofield*, Georgia A. Hammond, Biology, Radford University Effects of the Antimicrobial Agent Triclosan on Bacterial Resistance to Chlorination in Wastewater Treatment Processes…………………………………………………………27 Meilin Liu, Benoit Van Aken*, Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Virginia University Detection of Norovirus in Sewage Effluent and Its Persistence in Estuarine Water Using Real-Time PCR…………………………………………………………………………..…35 Maggie Fagan*, Howard Kator, Kimberly Reece, Corinne Audemard, Virginia Institute of Marine Science Session I-C: Algal Blooms, Biofuels, and Other Nutrient Features…………….36 A Window to Reassess the Potential Impacts of Nutrients in Irrigation Runoff on Natural Water Resources…………………………………………………………………..36 Chuan Hong*1, Patricia A. Richardson1, Sita R. Ghimire1, P. Kong1, John Lea-Cox2, David S. Ross2, Gary W. Moorman3; 1Virginia Tech; 2University of Maryland; 3Pennsylvania State University Stimulation of Algal Growth by Effluent Organic Nitrogen along a Salinity Gradient………………………….……………………………………………………….…38 M. R. Mulholland, K. C. Filippino, P. Bernhardt, G. Boneillo, R. Morse, L. Procise, D. A. Bronk*, N. G. Love, E. Canuel, Ocean, Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University Photochemical Release of Labile Nitrogen from Natural and Effluent Organic Nitrogen...…………………………………………………………………………………...39 D. A. Bronk*1, S. Henderson1, Q. Roberts1, L. Killberg1, M. Mulholland2, N. G. Love3; i 1Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary; 2Ocean, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University; 3Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech Session II-A: Assessing Drinking Water from Source to Consumer……...........45 Drinking Water Assessment at Underserved Farms in Virginia's Coastal Plain………45 Asmare Atalay*, S. Pao, M. James, B. Whitehead, Virginia State University, Agricultural Research Station Low Pressure Propagation Analysis in an Experimental Plumbing Rig………………..53 Juneseok Lee*1, Teresa Chen1, Vinod Lohani2, Andrea Dietrich1; 1Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech; 2Engineering Education, Virginia Tech New Chlorine Resistant Membranes for Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Water Purification………………………………………………………………………………….61 J. E. McGrath*1, Z. Zhang1, G. Fan1, M. Paul1, H.S. Lee1, A. Roy1, M. McNamee1, J.S. Riffle1, H.B. Park2, B.D. Freeman2; 1Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Tech; 2Center for Energy and Environmental Resources and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas Formation and Sorption of Trichloromethanes in Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride and Polyethylene Pipes Used in Drinking Water Distribution Systems……………………..62 Rory Polera*1, Heather Johnson2, Dave Clark2, Andrea Dietrich2; 1Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; 2Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech Session II-B: Measuring and Modeling Bacteria in Aquatic Systems………….69 Comparison of Membrane Filtration Using m-Coliblue Media with Coliscan Easygel for Enumerating E-coli and Total Coliforms in Donaldson Run……………………………69 Laura J. Medhurst*, Mercedes Vargas-Arias, Eric Stec, Kambe Banda, Chemistry, Marymount University Uncertainty of Predicted In-stream Fecal Coliform Concentration for TMDL Development Using HSPF: Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation Approach……………………………………………………………………………………76 Anurag Mishra*, Brian L. Benham, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech Assessing Alternative Methods Used to Model Fecal Coliform Direct Deposit………...87 Kyle M. Hall*, Brian L. Benham, Kevin M. Brannan, Rebecca W. Zeckoski, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech Session II-C: Connecting Nitrogen and Hydrologic Cycles…………...……..…88 Differential Rates of Nitrate Retention in Two Watersheds in the Fernow Experimental Forest: Norway Spruce vs. Native Hardwood Systems…………………………………..88 Charlene Kelly*, Stephen Schoenholtz, Mary Beth Adams, Forestry, Virginia Tech An Analysis of Solute Transport on a Harvested Hillslope in the Southern Appalachian Mountains…………………………………………………………………………………...89 Erin Moore*, Stephen Schoenholtz, Forestry, Virginia Tech Seasonal Variation of Ammonium Ion Deposition in the Shenandoah Valley………….90 ii Wayne S. Teel, Integrated Science and Technology, James Madison University Nutrient Loads of Poultry Farming in the Shenandoah River…………………………..98 Wayne Teel*, Sonja Long, Integrated Science and Technology, James Madison University Session III-A: Detecting Hydrophobic Pollutants in the Aquatic Environment……………………………………………………..107 Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Analysis of the Bioavailable Portion of Hydrophobic Pollutants…………………………………………………………………..107 Ncamiso Khanyile*, Amanda Burke, Christopher Stevenson, Chemistry, University of Richmond PCB Monitoring in Virginia’s Impaired Waterbodies Using an Ultra Sensitive Analytical Method…………………………………………………………………………108 Mark Richards, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality PCB Bioaccumulation Factors in Potomac Estuary Fish……………………………….117 Claire Buchanan*, Carlton Haywood, Andrea Nagel, Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin Sampling for Emerging Contaminants in the South Branch of the Potomac River and Other West Virginia Streams 2004-2006………………………………………………...126 Douglas B. Chambers, U. S. Geological Survey West Virginia Water Science Center Session III-B: Using Biological Assessments as Indicators of Stream Health…………………………………………………………....127 Stream Monitoring Methods Suitable for Citizen Volunteers Working in the Coastal Plain and Lower Piedmont Regions of Virginia………………………………………...127 Charles Gowan*1, Mindy Ruby2, Ryan Knisley3, Lauren Grimmer4; 1Environmental Studies Program, Randolph-Macon College; 2Americast; 3Virginia Department of Recreation and Conservation; 4Virginia Department of Health Correspondence of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities with a Water Chemistry Based Classification of Streams in a Mining Influenced Region……………………….129 George T. Merovich*, Jr., J. Todd Petty, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University Knowledge is Power: Options for Improving Virginia's Approach to Benthic TMDL Development……………………………………………………………………………….130