A Park System for the Nation's Capital
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APRIL 2008 A Park System for the Nation’s Capital Washington, DC is recognized the world over for its broad open spaces and beautiful vistas. Residents and visitors alike cherish the city’s parks and open spaces, which serve as home to many of our nation’s treasured icons as well as hubs of neighborhood life. While Washington’s parks are beloved, they face numerous challenges, including maintenance, connectivity, accessibility, and overall quality. To address these issues and to help ensure that Washington’s parks reach their full potential, federal and local agencies have formed an innovative partnership called CapitalSpace. Dupont Circle +++ CapitalSpace: A Park System for the Nation’s Capital Rock Creek Park Washington has more public parkland per capita than almost any other densely populated U.S. city––16 acres for every Washington has more public 1,000 residents––offering natural areas, formal parks, and parkland per capita than almost any recreation amenities. In total,Washington has approximately other densely populated U.S. city. 9,300 acres of diverse parks and open space. Several local and federal agencies with distinct missions share responsibility for planning and managing the city’s parks. For the first time in 40 years, these agencies are working together to plan for the challenges and opportunities facing our open spaces.The National Capital Planning Commission, the National Park Service, the District Office of Planning, and the District Department of Parks and Recreation have joined forces to create CapitalSpace, a Marie Reed Learning Center partnership to improve all parks and open spaces. The CapitalSpace initiative will provide a framework and a means to consider the parks as an overall system. Each of the partner organizations is undertaking exciting new projects across the city, ranging from the creation of waterfront parks to recreation centers and nature trails. CapitalSpace will demonstrate how these efforts should fit together and identify key areas where the partners and other groups can collaborate to achieve the full potential of all of Washington’s treasured open spaces. 2 NATIONAL CAPITAL PLANNING COMMISSION GOVERNMENT OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CapitalSpace Partners During the last 200 years, Washington’s park system has been shaped by many forces––prominent plans, legislation, public works, and private initiatives––and a variety of agencies have been charged with developing and managing these A community playground on Capitol Hill open spaces. Today, several District and federal agencies oversee the planning, development, operation, and maintenance of these lands.Through CapitalSpace, these agencies have joined together to coordinate existing management plans, maximize limited resources, and create a stronger park system for the city. The District’s primary recreation provider is the Department of Parks and Recreation whose mission is to maintain the city’s parks and open spaces and provide diverse recreational opportunities to residents and visitors. Other District agencies including the Office of Planning, the Department of Transportation, and the Department of the Environment also play key roles in planning, building, and maintaining parks and open space through broader community development strategies. Cleveland Park Community Garden Almost 90 percent of the city’s parkland––more than 6,900 acres including Rock Creek Park, the National Mall, Anacostia Park, and the Fort Circle Parks––is part of the National Park System. The National Park Service, whose mission is to preserve the nation’s natural and cultural resources for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of all generations, is responsible for managing these parks. Two other federal agencies, the National Capital Planning Commission and the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts, plan for and review proposed development that might impact Washington’s parks and open spaces. The CapitalSpace partners are working closely The city’s parks are diverse with the D.C. Public School (DCPS) system Barnard Hill Park and include stream valley corridors, and the General Services Administration (GSA). DCPS actually provides 30 percent of urban pocket parks, ball fields, the city’s playgrounds and fields, and GSA CapitalSpace Partners: formal commemorative sites, and oversees many of the open spaces at federal lively gathering places. facilities that are not part of the park system. District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) Many nonprofit organizations and private District of Columbia Office of Planning (DCOP) citizens also contribute to Washington’s parks National Capital Planning Commission (NCPC) National Park Service (NPS) and open spaces by providing financial support 3 and volunteers to help maintain the parks. They also assist in providing technical expertise to In Collaboration With: plan new parks and to make improvements to existing parks. The CapitalSpace partners are District of Columbia Public Schools (DCPS) coordinating their efforts with these important District Department of Transportation (DDOT) stakeholder groups. District Department of Environment (DDOE) U.S. Commission of Fine Arts (CFA) Pershing Park CAPITALSPACE: A PARK SYSTEM FOR THE NATION’S CAPITAL Parks and Open Space by Ownership Other (1,500 acres): Department of Parks Public School Grounds, and Recreation (900 acres) National Zoo, National Arboretum, Cemeteries and Reservoirs 16% 10% 74% National Park Service (6,900 acres) Franklin Square Washington has more than 7,800 acres 4 of parkland owned and managed by the NPS and DPR and more than 1,500 acres of open space owned and managed by others including the National Zoo, National Arboretum, public schools, and cemeteries. NATIONAL CAPITAL PLANNING COMMISSION GOVERNMENT OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Large parks of 50 acres or more account for 80 percent of the city’s parkland. The majority of Washington’s parks, however, are small. Of more than 600 parks, 425 are less than one acre. Triangle park at New Hampshire Avenue and T Street, NW Twenty-six percent of Washington’s parkland is located within designated historical districts. Langdon Park Conditions at existing parklands sometimes restrict their access and use. These include: physical barriers such as highways and busy roadways, fences and steep slopes; unsafe conditions and restricted operating hours; and missing or incomplete connections between parks and trails. Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens 5 Washington’s parks protect 70 percent of the city’s wetlands or floodplains, 68 percent of the city’s wooded areas, and 72 percent of land with steep slopes. CAPITALSPACE: A PARK SYSTEM FOR THE NATION’S CAPITAL A Framework for Achieving the Full Potential of the Parks System Washington’s population is projected to grow Increase Access to from 581,000 to nearly 700,000 by 2025. Clearly, demand for parks will increase. Great Local Parks A safe, accessible, and walkable green Today, changing demographics and growing network connects neighborhoods to interest in health and sustainability encourage nearby open space and recreation. consideration of new ways to design and use This network becomes an integral part of parks. Skateboarding and dog parks for example each community’s identity and character. were not considered when many parks were established. Further, it is critical that Washington reserve space for commemoration and public events. Our parks and open space must meet all of these demands. The CapitalSpace partners envision a BEAUTIFUL, HIGH QUALITY, and UNIFIED park system for the nation’s capital that: Is SAFE and ACCESSIBLE to everyone who lives in, works in, or visits the city. Includes a variety of parks and open spaces that CONNECT communities. Incorporates STEWARDSHIP and CELEBRATION of natural, cultural, commemorative, and historic spaces. Provides a DIVERSITY of passive and active recreation. Contributes to a HEALTHY, SUSTAINABLE, and LIVEABLE city. Serves as a national and international model of citizen ENGAGEMENT and parks and open space management and COLLABORATION. The following illustrations reflect planning Weave Greenway concepts to realize this vision. They are the first step toward developing a city-wide framework to through Neighborhoods achieve the full potential of our parks system. A continuous greenway connects the 6 city’s outer neighborhoods. The Fort Circle Parks become destinations attracting residents and visitors to historic sites, the natural environment, and many recreational opportunities. NATIONAL CAPITAL PLANNING COMMISSION GOVERNMENT OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Connect with the Rivers Washington’s vibrant parks along the Anacostia and Potomac are linked together. Improved access and sustainable, diverse attractions draw people to and along the rivers. Celebrate the Urban Parks The rich tapestry of urban parks are enhanced to create unique places, offering historical, commemorative, cultural, and recreational experiences that meet the Protect, Connect, and needs of dense and growing neighborhoods. Restore Natural Environments Natural resources within the city’s parks and open spaces, including wetlands, floodplains, wooded areas, and streams and rivers offer habitats and provide beneficial ecological functions that support a sustainable and liveable city. Link the City with Green Corridors 7 Leafy streets, winding parkways, and natural Expand Park System Capacity trails connect residents and visitors to major Our existing parks are maintained and enhanced,