DOCSLIB.ORG

Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Transport and Communications The Republic of the Union of Myanmar DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON NATIONAL LOGISTICS IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR FINAL REPORT VOLUME 1 : MAIN TEXT MARCH 2018 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) Kensetsu Gijyutsu Center, Ltd. Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. The Overseas Coastal Area Development Institute of Japan Nittsu Research Institute and Consulting, Inc. EI JR 18-040 Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report Volume 1 Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report Volume 1: Main Text Table of Contents Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SUMMARY CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Survey ............................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Objectives of the Survey .............................................................................. 1-2 1.3 Structure of Final Report .............................................................................. 1-3 CHAPTER 2 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2.1 Cargo Demand Forecast based on Economic Perspective of Myanmar....... 2-1 2.2 Economic Development Corridors in Indochina Peninsula ......................... 2-12 2.3 Economic Outlook and Opportunities by Economic Sector ........................ 2-13 2.4 Expansion of Trade ...................................................................................... 2-34 CHAPTER 3 VARIOUS DEVELOPMENT PLANS AND POLICIES 3.1 Country Context ........................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Current Development Plans of Myanmar 3-4 3.3 Summary of Development Policies and its Implications ............................. 3-36 3.4 Economic and Logistics Development Scenario .......................................... 3-40 CHAPTER 4 NATIONAL TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN 4.1 Outline of National Transport Master Plan (NTMP) ................................... 4-1 4.2 Implications for National Logistics Master Plan (NLMP) ........................... 4-6 CHAPTER 5 REGIONAL COOPERATION FRAMEWORK 5.1 ASEAN Cooperation .................................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Strategy and Action Plan for the Greater Mekong Sub-region (East-West Economic Corridor) ................................................................... 5-17 5.3 ASEAN Economic Community ................................................................... 5-20 5.4 Cooperation with Immediate Neighboring Countries .................................. 5-22 CHAPTER 6 CARGO DEMAND FORECAST 6.1 Factors Considered for Cargo Demand Forecast ......................................... 6-1 6.2 International Cargo Traffic ........................................................................... 6-13 6.3 Cargo Flow Volume Estimation and Projection ........................................... 6-17 6.4 Methodology for the Cargo Demand Forecast ............................................. 6-18 6.5 Present Origin-Destination Table ................................................................. 6-22 6.6 Cargo Demand Forecast ............................................................................... 6-27 6.7 Modal Share Model ...................................................................................... 6-37 6.8 Cargo Volume Projection by Mode in ton-km ............................................. 6-45 6.9 Cargo Flow Pattern by Transport Mode ....................................................... 6-47 i Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report Volume 1 CHAPTER 7 LOGISTICS SECTOR ISSUES 7.1 Factors Underpinning Logistics Performance Improvement ....................... 7-1 7.2 Sector Issues ................................................................................................. 7-7 CHAPTER 8 LOGISTICS DEVELOPMENT VISION AND STRATEGY UP TO 2030 8.1 Structure of the Logistics Development Vision and Strategies .................... 8-1 8.2 Overall Strategies for Logistics Development ............................................. 8-2 8.3 Logistics Development Strategy by Sub-sector ........................................... 8-6 8.4 Logistics Corridor Development Strategy ................................................... 8-62 CHAPTER 9 CORRIDOR BASED LOGISTICS INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PLAN 9.1 Profile of Logistics Corridors....................................................................... 9-1 9.2 Logistics Corridor Analysis.......................................................................... 9-8 CHAPTER 10 PROPOSED PROJECTS 10.1 Approach and Planning Considerations ....................................................... 10-1 10.2 Proposed Projects and Rank of Priority ....................................................... 10-26 10.3 Prioritization of Logistics Corridor Developments ...................................... 10-48 CHAPTER 11 MULTIMODAL FREIGHT LOGISTICS HUBS 11.1 Multimodal Freight Logistics Hubs ............................................................. 11-1 11.2 Composition of Each Multimodal Freight Logistics Hub Projects .............. 11-14 CHAPTER 12 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS 12.1 Policy of Environmental and Social Considerations .................................... 12-1 12.2 Existing Status of the Environment in Myanmar ......................................... 12-7 12.3 Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) ................................................ 12-30 12.4 Reviewing the Potential Negative Impact on Environmental and Social Issues .......................................................................................... 12-31 CHAPTER 13 FREIGHT TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS INDUSTRIES 13.1 Present Situation of Players of Logistics Sector .......................................... 13-1 13.2 Current Issues of Players in the Logistics Sector ......................................... 13-7 13.3 Feasible Measures to Address These Issues ................................................. 13-12 13.4 Cross-cutting Issues of the Logistics Industry and Possible Feasible Measures .......................................................................... 13-15 13.5 Feasible Measures to Address Cross-cutting Issues ..................................... 13-16 13.6 Administrators .............................................................................................. 13-18 CHAPTER 14 INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN 14.1 Institutional Set-up ....................................................................................... 14-1 14.2 Mechanism Concerned with the Development of Transport Infrastructure . 14-9 14.3 Capacity Assessment .................................................................................... 14-14 14.4 Institutional Development Policy and Plan .................................................. 14-22 CHAPTER 15 LOGISTICS SECTOR DEVELOPMENT ROAD MAP 15.1 Logistics Sector Development Road Map .................................................... 15-1 15.2 Sequential Order of the Action Plans ........................................................... 15-2 15.3 Road Map by Sub-sector .............................................................................. 15-3 15.4 Action Plans ................................................................................................. 15-8 ii Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report Volume 1 CHAPTER 16 FINANCIAL SCHEME 16.1 Financing for Transport / Logistics Infrastructure Development / Improvement Projects .................................................................................. 16-1 16.2 Financing SMEs Operating in Transport / Logistics Sector 16-11 CHAPTER 17 LOGISTICS PERFORMANCE INDEX 17.1 The Outline of the Logistics Performance Index ......................................... 17-1 17.2 Implication of LPI in the Economic Growth ................................................ 17-8 17.3 Implication of Logistics Improvement to Economic Growth ...................... 17-9 17.4 How can the LPI of Myanmar be raised? ..................................................... 17-10 iii Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report Volume 1 List of Tables Page CHAPTER 2 Table-2.1.1 Change in Myanmar’s GDP ...................................................................................... 2-3 Table-2.3.1 Outline of SEZs as of February 2017 ........................................................................ 2-23 Table-2.4.1 Change of the Trade Value by Type of Gateway ....................................................... 2-34 Table-2.4.2 Export and Import Amount in 2011 and 2015 by Directions .................................... 2-35 Table-2.4.3 Change of GDP and Trade Value in Vietnam in the Past ........................................... 2-37 CHAPTER 3 Table-3.2.1 Comparison of Indicators of Agricultural Productivity and Food Security ............... 3-9 Table-3.2.2 12 Points of National Economic Policy of 2016 ....................................................... 3-21 Table-3.2.3 Development of Infrastructure for Industrial Sector ................................................. 3-30 Table-3.2.4 Development Strategies and Policies of each Development Plan ............................. 3-40 CHAPTER 4 Table-4.1.1 Transport Policies in NTMP .....................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Violence Against Health Care in Myanmar 11 February to 12 April 2021
    Violence Against Health Care in Myanmar 11 February to 12 April 2021 Around 1 p.m. on 28 March 2021 Myanmar security forces began shooting at protesters in Sanchaung township, Yangon city. As protesters fled the attack and some sought refuge in the Asia Royal Hospital, soldiers and police chased them inside, opening fire with rubber bullets and injuring at least one male hospital staff member who was exiting the hospital The security forces occupied the ground floor of the hospital and surrounded the building for approximately thirty minutes following the incident. The shooting took place near the hospital’s outpatient treatment centre for patients suffering from heart-related health issues. Mass Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM) protests have been taking place across Myanmar after the Myanmar armed forces (known as the Tatmadaw) seized control of the country on 1 February following a general election that the National League for Democracy party won by a landslide. The military have since declared a state of emergency to last for at least a year, and numerous countries have condemned the takeover and subsequent violent crackdown on protesters. Hundreds of people, including children, have been killed and many injured during the protests. The violence has impacted health workers, hospitals and ambulances. On 9 April 2021 the military junta announced during a televised press conference that all health workers participating in CDM protests would be considered to be committing genocide. This document is the result of collaboration between Insecurity Insight and Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) and Johns Hopkins Center for Public Health and Human Rights (CPHHR) as part of the Safeguarding Health in Conflict Coalition (SHCC).
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar Business Guide for Brazilian Businesses
    2019 Myanmar Business Guide for Brazilian Businesses An Introduction of Business Opportunities and Challenges in Myanmar Prepared by Myanmar Research | Consulting | Capital Markets Contents Introduction 8 Basic Information 9 1. General Characteristics 10 1.1. Geography 10 1.2. Population, Urban Centers and Indicators 17 1.3. Key Socioeconomic Indicators 21 1.4. Historical, Political and Administrative Organization 23 1.5. Participation in International Organizations and Agreements 37 2. Economy, Currency and Finances 38 2.1. Economy 38 2.1.1. Overview 38 2.1.2. Key Economic Developments and Highlights 39 2.1.3. Key Economic Indicators 44 2.1.4. Exchange Rate 45 2.1.5. Key Legislation Developments and Reforms 49 2.2. Key Economic Sectors 51 2.2.1. Manufacturing 51 2.2.2. Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry 54 2.2.3. Construction and Infrastructure 59 2.2.4. Energy and Mining 65 2.2.5. Tourism 73 2.2.6. Services 76 2.2.7. Telecom 77 2.2.8. Consumer Goods 77 2.3. Currency and Finances 79 2.3.1. Exchange Rate Regime 79 2.3.2. Balance of Payments and International Reserves 80 2.3.3. Banking System 81 2.3.4. Major Reforms of the Financial and Banking System 82 Page | 2 3. Overview of Myanmar’s Foreign Trade 84 3.1. Recent Developments and General Considerations 84 3.2. Trade with Major Countries 85 3.3. Annual Comparison of Myanmar Import of Principal Commodities 86 3.4. Myanmar’s Trade Balance 88 3.5. Origin and Destination of Trade 89 3.6.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar Transport Sector Policy Note: How to Reduce Transport Costs
    MYANMAR TRANSPORT SECTOR POLICY NOTE HOW TO REDUCE TRANSPORT COSTS ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2016 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444; Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2016. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-92-9257-459-8 (Print), 978-92-9257-460-4 (e-ISBN) Publication Stock No. RPT168051-2 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Myanmar transport sector policy note: How to reduce transport costs. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2016. 1. Transport. 2. Transport costs. 3. Myanmar. I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar: Transport Sector Initial Assessment
    Myanmar Transport Sector Initial Assessment Myanmar Transport Sector Initial Assessment October 2012 © 2012 Asian Development Bank All rights reserved. Published in 2012. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-92-9092-880-5 (Print), 978-92-9092-881-2 (PDF) Publication Stock No. RPT125091 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Myanmar: Transport sector initial assessment. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2012. 1. Transport sector. 2. Myanmar. I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ADB encourages printing or copying information exclusively for personal and noncommercial use with proper acknowledgment of ADB. Users are restricted from reselling, redistributing, or creating derivative works for commercial purposes without the express, written consent of ADB. Note: In this publication, “$” refers to US dollars. 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444 Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org For orders, please contact: Department of External Relations Fax +63 2 636 2648 [email protected] Printed on recycled paper Contents Tables and Figure iv Acknowledgments v Currency Equivalents vi Abbreviations vi I.
    [Show full text]
  • The Legal, Administrative and Operational Framework for the Safe Maritime Transport of Dangerous Goods: Myanmar As a Case Study
    World Maritime University The Maritime Commons: Digital Repository of the World Maritime University World Maritime University Dissertations Dissertations 11-4-2018 The legal, administrative and operational framework for the safe maritime transport of dangerous goods: Myanmar as a case study Myo Min Thant Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations Digital Par t of the Transportation Commons Commons Network Recommended Citation Logo Myo Min Thant, "The legal, administrative and operational framework for the safe maritime transport of dangerous goods: Myanmar as a case study" (2018). World Maritime University Dissertations. 650. https://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations/650 This Dissertation is brought to you courtesy of Maritime Commons. Open Access items may be downloaded for non-commercial, fair use academic purposes. No items may be hosted on another server or web site without express written permission from the World Maritime University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WORLD MARITIME UNIVERSITY Malmö, Sweden THE LEGAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE SAFE MARITIME TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS: MYANMAR AS A CASE STUDY By MYO MIN THANT The Republic of the Union of Myanmar A dissertation submitted to the World Maritime University in partial Fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In MARITIME AFFAIRS (MARITIME SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ADMINISTRATION) 2018 @ Copyright Myo Min Thant, 2018 DECLARATION I certify that all the material in this dissertation that is not my own work has been identified, and that no material is included for which a degree has previously been conferred on me. The contents of this dissertation reflect my own personal views and are not necessarily endorsed by the University.
    [Show full text]
  • ICHARM Activity Report
    ICHARM Activity Report FY2016-2017 For the 3rd ICHARM Governing Board On 14th February, 2018 International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management under the auspices of UNESCO (ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), Japan Contents １．Introduction ・・・・・・・ 1 1.1 Research 1.2 Education and training 1.3 Information networking ２．Special topics ・・・・・・・ 4 2.1 Session at the 3rd Asia-Pacific Water Summit 2.2 Education by Integrating Policy & Community of Practice and Science & Technology 2.3 Emergency support for Sri Lanka after heavy rain disaster in May 2017 2.4 Field investigation and research on intensified flood and sediment disasters in recent years ３．Research ・・・・・・・ 9 3.1 Data collection, storage, sharing and statistics on water-related disasters 3.2 Risk assessment on water-related disasters 3.3 Monitoring and prediction of changes in water-related disaster risk 3.4 Proposal, evaluation and application of policy ideas for water-related disaster risk reduction 3.5 Support in constructing the applicability of water-related disaster management ４．Training ・・・・・・・ 16 4.1 Master’s program: Water-related Risk Management Course of Disaster Management Policy Program 4.2 Doctoral program: Disaster Management 4.3 Short-term training 4.4 Follow-up Seminar 4.5 Internship ５．Information networking ・・・・・・・ 21 5.1 International Flood Initiative 5.2 Contribution to the world community 5.3 Contribution to the Typhoon Committee 5.4 Leading the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)/Regional Cooperative Agreement (RCA) RAS/7/030 Project on
    [Show full text]
  • Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
    Ministry of Transport and Communications The Republic of the Union of Myanmar DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON NATIONAL LOGISTICS IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR FINAL REPORT VOLUME 2 : APPENDIX MARCH 2018 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) Kensetsu Gijyutsu Center, Ltd. Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. The Overseas Coastal Area Development Institute of Japan Nittsu Research Institute and Consulting, Inc. EI JR 18-040 Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report Volume 2 Data Collection Survey on National Logistics in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report Volume 2: Appendix Page Appendix 1. Profile of Proposed Projects (1) Soft Components Logistics LGP-01 Improvement of Laws and Regulations for Logistics -Truck transport- ..................................... 1-1 LGP-02 Improvement of Laws and Regulations for Logistics (Foreign cargo handling, other than MACCS (Myanmar Automated Customs Clearance System)) .................................. 1-2 LGP-03 Capacity Building Program for Logistics System Management ................................................. 1-3 LGP-04 Training for Trainers of MOTC Aiming at Guiding Private Sector to Improve the Performance of the Logistics Industry .................................................................................. 1-4 LGP-05 Promotion of FDI / Domestic Investments for Integration and Modernization of Logistics Service Sector ........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Country Report on Sustainable Urban Transport UNESCAP
    THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS Country Report on Sustainable Urban Transport UNESCAP Planning and Assessment of Urban Transportation Systems (22 September to 23 September 2016) MR. THEIN OO MR. HTUN AUNG THIN DIRECTOR GENERAL MANAGER ROAD TRANSPORT (LOWER MYANMAR) ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT MYANMA RAILWAYS (YANGON REGION) MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS COMMUNICATIONS i Table of Contents Chapter Title Pg. No. 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Background of Urban Transport System in Myanmar 1 1.3 Urban Transport in Yangon City 1 1.4 Agencies involved in Urban Transport Planning Systems/ Projects 2 1.5 Background of Ministry of Transport and Communications (MOTC) 3 1.6 Roles and Responsibilities of Ministry of Transportation and Communications 3 1.7 Organizational Structure of MOTC and Myanmar 4 2 Urban Transport Policies 2.1 National Transport Policies and Plans in Myanmar 5 2.2 Yangon Region Transport Authority 5 2.3 National Road Safety Council 6 2.4 Current Status of Urban Transport System in Myanmar 6 2.5 Network of Urban Transportation 8 3 Data Availability on Urban Transport Indicators 3.1 Urban Road Transport Systems 10 3.2 Traffic Volume And Composition For Each Mode Of Transport For Passengers 12 And Freight, Number Of Motor Vehicles 4 Issues and Challenges faced by Urban Transport Systems 4.1 Identification of Issues faced by Urban Transport Systems 14 4.2 Causes and Background of Issues and Problems 17 4.3 Measures against above mentioned Issues and Problems 18 4.4 The Challenges of Urban Public Transport in Myanmar and Urban Transport 19 Development Strategy for Yangon 5 Conclusions, Recommendations and Way Forward 5.1 Conclusions 22 5.2 Recommendations and Way Forward 22 i List of Figures Figure Title Pg No.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 6 Myanmar Country Report
    Chapter 6 Myanmar Country Report Kyaw Myint Senior Economist/International Consultant November 2014 This chapter should be cited as Kyaw Myint (2014), ‘Myanmar Country Report’, in Zen, F. and M. Regan (eds.), Financing ASEAN Connectivity, ERIA Research Project Report FY2013, No.15.Jakarta: ERIA, pp.219-264. CHAPTER 6 Myanmar Country Report Kyaw Myint Senior Economist/International Consultant Introduction Myanmar, formerly known as Burma, is now in the spotlight both politically and economically. Of late, it has been the go-to site of a growing number of individual and study missions for business, political and humanitarian reasons. During the 22nd World Economic Forum held in Myanmar on 5-7 June 2013, discussions around Myanmar's booming economy also touched on its lack of infrastructure, particularly in the electricity, telecommunications, and energy sectors. For the country, it is all about its courageous transformation for inclusion and integration. The Economy Myanmar's fifth Five-Year Plan for the period 2015-2016 shows targets of 6- percent gross domestic product (GDP) growth for 2011-2012, 6.7 percent for 2012-2013, 8.3 percent for 2013-2014, 8.2 percent for 2014-2015, and 9.6 percent for 2015-2016. The average annual GDP growth rate target for the fifth Five-Year Plan is 7.7 percent. Over the years, Myanmar’s gross domestic investment (GDI) ratio averaged around 12 percent per year. However, in the fifth Five-Year Plan, the investment ratio is at 30 percent and savings ratio at 20 percent while the tax 219 Financing ASEAN Connectivity revenue is only 3 percent of GDP.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar (Burma)
    COUNTRY PROFILE 2001 Myanmar (Burma) This Country Profile is a reference tool, which provides analysis of historical political, infrastructural and economic trends. It is revised and updated annually. The EIU’s Country Reports analyse current trends and provide a two-year forecast The full publishing schedule for Country Profiles is now available on our website at http://www.eiu.com/schedule The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent St, London SW1Y 4LR United Kingdom The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit is a specialist publisher serving companies establishing and managing operations across national borders. For over 50 years it has been a source of information on business developments, economic and political trends, government regulations and corporate practice worldwide. The EIU delivers its information in four ways: through our digital portfolio, where our latest analysis is updated daily; through printed subscription products ranging from newsletters to annual reference works; through research reports; and by organising seminars and presentations. The firm is a member of The Economist Group. London New York Hong Kong The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent St The Economist Building 60/F, Central Plaza London 111 West 57th Street 18 Harbour Road SW1Y 4LR New York Wanchai United Kingdom NY 10019, US Hong Kong Tel: (44.20) 7830 1007 Tel: (1.212) 554 0600 Tel: (852) 2585 3888 Fax: (44.20) 7830 1023 Fax: (1.212) 586 0248 Fax: (852) 2802 7638 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.eiu.com Electronic delivery This publication can be viewed by subscribing online at www.store.eiu.com Reports are also available in various other electronic formats, such as CD-ROM, Lotus Notes, on-line databases and as direct feeds to corporate intranets.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar (Burma)
    COUNTRY PROFILE 2000 Myanmar (Burma) This Country Profile is a reference tool, which provides analysis of historical political, infrastructural and economic trends. It is revised and updated annually. The EIU’s Country Reports analyse current trends and provide a two-year forecast The full publishing schedule for Country Profiles is now available on our website at http://www.eiu.com/schedule The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent St, London SW1Y 4LR United Kingdom The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit is a specialist publisher serving companies establishing and managing operations across national borders. For over 50 years it has been a source of information on business developments, economic and political trends, government regulations and corporate practice worldwide. The EIU delivers its information in four ways: through our digital portfolio, where our latest analysis is updated daily; through printed subscription products ranging from newsletters to annual reference works; through research reports; and by organising conferences and roundtables. The firm is a member of The Economist Group. London New York Hong Kong The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit The Economist Intelligence Unit 15 Regent St The Economist Building 25/F, Dah Sing Financial Centre London 111 West 57th Street 108 Gloucester Road SW1Y 4LR New York Wanchai United Kingdom NY 10019, US Hong Kong Tel: (44.20) 7830 1000 Tel: (1.212) 554 0600 Tel: (852) 2802 7288 Fax: (44.20) 7499 9767 Fax: (1.212) 586 1181/2 Fax: (852) 2802 7638 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.eiu.com Electronic delivery This publication can be viewed by subscribing online at http://store.eiu.com/brdes.html Reports are also available in various other electronic formats, such as CD-ROM, Lotus Notes, on-line databases and as direct feeds to corporate intranets.
    [Show full text]
  • Pagan: the Origins of Modern Burma
    Pagan Ananda Temple, Pagan ii Pagan THE ORIGINS OF MODERN BURMA Michael Aung-Thwin Open Access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities / Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Licensed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 In- ternational (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits readers to freely download and share the work in print or electronic format for non-commercial purposes, so long as credit is given to the author. Derivative works and commercial uses require per- mission from the publisher. For details, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. The Cre- ative Commons license described above does not apply to any material that is separately copyrighted. Open Access ISBNs: 9780824880088 (PDF) 9780824880095 (EPUB) This version created: 17 May, 2019 Please visit www.hawaiiopen.org for more Open Access works from University of Hawai‘i Press. © 1985 University of Hawaii Press All Rights Reserved To Maria, Maitrii, and Amita Contents Maps ix Figures ix Tables ix A Note on Romanization x Acknowledgments xi INTRODUCTION Pagan’s Place in Burmese and Southeast Asian Studies 1 PART I Components of the Indigenous Conceptual System 13 1 The Historical Framework 15 2 Beliefs About Man and His World 30 3 Political Ideology: Conceptions of Kingship 47 PART II The Institutional Context: Organization of Human and Material Resources 69 4 The Division of Socioeconomic Groups 71 5 The Administration of Material Resources 97 6 The Articulation of Social Behavior:
    [Show full text]