Thermal and Combined Thermal and Radiolytic Reactions Involving
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Magnesium Causes Nitric Oxide Independent Coronary Artery Vasodilation in Humans Heart: First Published As 10.1136/Hrt.86.2.212 on 1 August 2001
212 Heart 2001;86:212–216 Magnesium causes nitric oxide independent coronary artery vasodilation in humans Heart: first published as 10.1136/hrt.86.2.212 on 1 August 2001. Downloaded from H Teragawa, M Kato, T Yamagata, H Matsuura, G Kajiyama Abstract Objective—To determine how magnesium aVects human coronary arteries and whether endothe- lium derived nitric oxide (EDNO) is involved in the coronary arterial response to magnesium. Design—Quantitative coronary angiography and Doppler flow velocity measurements were used to determine the eVects of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) on magnesium induced dilation of the epicardial and resistance coronary arteries. Setting—Hiroshima University Hospital a tertiary cardiology centre. Patients—17 patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries. Interventions—Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) (0.02 mmol/min and 0.2 mmol/min) was infused for two minutes into the left coronary ostium before and after intracoronary infusion of L-NMMA. Main outcome measures—Diameter of the proximal and distal segments of the epicardial cor- onary arteries and coronary blood flow. Results—At a dose of 0.02 mmol/min, MgSO4 did not aVect the coronary arteries. At a dose of 0.2 mmol/min, MgSO4 caused coronary artery dilation (mean (SEM) proximal diameter 3.00 (0.09) to 3.11 (0.09) mm; distal 1.64 (0.06) to 1.77 (0.07) mm) and increased coronary blood flow (79.3 (7.5) to 101.4 (9.9) ml/min, p < 0.001 v baseline for all). MgSO4 increased the changes in these parameters after the infusion of L-NMMA (p < 0.001 v baseline). -
THE ACCUMULATION and DISTRIBUTION of EVANS BLUE in the KIDNEY of RATS FED NORMAL OR LOW MAGNESIUM DIETS by George Williams Seign
THE ACCUMULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF EVANS BLUE IN THE KIDNEY OF RATS FED NORMAL OR LOW MAGNESIUM DIETS by George Williams Seignious, IV Thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in ! Biochemistry and Nutrition APPROVED: G. E. Bunce, Chairman R. E. Webb ______ fl" ________ M;O. ......... ..;:;...; ___'"";:,....:; __.;..,. ___ _ _.. ''-.::;,,/ ___ , _______ ,_.._~_ M. H. Samli R. G. Saacke August, 1973 Blacksburg, Virginia . l\CKNOWLEDGMEN',rS The author of this thesis would like to e~press his deepest thanks and gra'titU;de to for his.continued help, advice, and . ·. .. : .. - understanding which made this thesis possible •. A special note of ·"· thanks is expressed.to whos_e invaluable help, advice arid suggestions aided greatly the author's efforts. The author would also like to thank for his. help and advice in the lab and all the other graduate students who made the author's stay at Virginia.Tech i{ very pleasant _one. Thanks is expressed to the author's wife, , for .her love, understanding, encouragement, and typing which· enabled the completion of this thesis. Also the author would like.to thank his parents for their lc;rving support and financial assistance. ii 'TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii. TABLE OF CONTENTS . iii I,.IST OF TABLES iv LIST OF FIGURES Vi LIST OF SELECTED CHEMICAL STRUCTURES vii LIST OF·ABBREVIATIONS viii INTRODUCTION 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 5 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES RESULTS 33 DISCUSSION 74 SUMMARY 82 REFERENCES 85 VITA 88 iii ~· ,,;. -
Reac on of Oxides with Acids and Bases
Reacon of oxides with acids and bases Reacon of oxides with acids and bases Lesson plan (Polish) Lesson plan (English) Reacon of oxides with acids and bases Source: domena publiczna. Link to the lesson Before you start you should know that salts are a group of chemical compounds of ionic structure, composed of cations + of metals (or a cation of ammonium with the following formula NH4 ) and anions of the acid radical; that the names of salts are made up of two parts: acid radical name and metal name; that some metal oxides, such as sodium oxide or calcium oxide, react with water and produce hydroxides as a result of this reaction; that some oxides of non‐metals react with water to form acids, e.g. sulfur dioxide; that the red cabbage stock turns red in solutions of acids, violet in neutral solutions, and green in base solutions; that the methyl orange is coloured red in acids. You will learn to describe, by means of equations, the obtainment of salts in reactions of certain metal oxides with acids as well as some non‐metal oxides with bases. Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl Source: GroMar Sp. z o.o.. Nagranie dźwiękowe abstraktu Reacons of metal oxides with acids Task 1 Before conducng experiment, formulate research queson and hypothesis. Write down observaon and conclusions. Analysis of the experiment: Does calcium oxide react with hydrochloric acid? Research queson Hypothesis Experiment 1 Research problem Does calcium oxide react with hydrochloric acid? Hypothesis Select one of the presented hypotheses and then verify it. The calcium oxide reacts with the hydrochloric acid. -
United States Patent Office Patented Jan
3,071,480 United States Patent Office Patented Jan. 1, 1963 2 actually can be modified as to proportion within the range 3,071,480 of approximately 60% by weight (62.1 mol percent) to GLASS COMPOSTEON FOR BEADS Charles E. Searigiat and Ezra M. Alexander, Jackson, 68% by weight (69.9 mol percent) and to this we add Miss, assignors to Cataphote Corporation, Toledo, basically three ingredients; these three ingredients being Ohio, a corporation of Ohio sodium oxide in a preferred quantity of 14% by weight No Drawing. Filed Dec. 5, 1960, Ser. No. 73,552 (14 mol percent) but which may range in quantity from 4. Claims. (C. 106-52) approximately 12.7% by weight (12.7 mol percent) to 16% by weight (16 mol percent), calcium oxide in a pre This invention relates to an improved glass composition ferred quantity of 14% by weight (15.5 mol percent), and, more particularly, to a glass composition suitable O but which may range in quantity from 12.7% by weight for the manufacture of solid spherical glass beads. (14.0 mol percent) to 16% by weight (17.7 mol percent), In the manufacture of glass beads for use in reflective and barium oxide in a preferred quantity of 6.3% by road signs, reflective road and curve markings, and the weight (2.5 mol percent), but which may range in quan like, it is of paramount importance that the glass com tity from 5.9% by weight (2.3 mol percent) to 7.3% by position meet certain rigid requirements, both as to 5 weight (3.0 mol percent). -
Magnesium Production
Magnesium Production Subpart T, Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program Under the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP), owners or operators of facilities that contain magnesium production processes must report emissions from use of cover and carrier gases as well as for all other source categories located at the facility for which methods are defined in the rule. Owners and operators are required to collect emission data, calculate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and follow the specified procedures for quality assurance, missing data, recordkeeping, and reporting per the requirements of 40 CFR Part 98 Subpart T – Magnesium Production. How Is This Source Category Defined? The magnesium production source category is defined as consisting of any process where magnesium metal is produced through smelting (including electrolytic smelting), refining, or remelting operations (including primary production facilities that extract magnesium from its ore and secondary production facilities that recover magnesium from scrap), or any process where molten magnesium is used in alloying, casting, drawing, extruding, forming, or rolling operations. Who Must Report? Magnesium production facilities that emit more than 25,000 metric tons CO2e per year. What Greenhouse Gases Must Be Reported? Each facility must report total annual emissions for each of the following greenhouse gases used in magnesium production facilities: ● Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) ● HFC-134a ● The fluorinated ketone FK 5-1-12 ● Carbon dioxide (CO2) ● Any other GHG as defined in 40 CFR part 98, subpart A (General Provisions) of the rule In addition, the facility must report greenhouse gas emissions for any other source categories for which calculation methods are provided in the rule, as applicable. -
Burning Magnesium, a Sparkle in Acute Inflammation: Gleams from Experimental Models
Journal Identification = MRH Article Identification = 0418 Date: April 6, 2017 Time: 1:32 pm Magnesium Research 2017; 30 (1): 8-15 REVIEW Burning magnesium, a sparkle in acute inflammation: gleams from experimental models Sara Castiglioni, Alessandra Cazzaniga, Laura Locatelli, Jeanette AM Maier Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milano, I-20157, Italy Correspondence: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche Luigi Sacco, Università di Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74 Milano 20157, Italy <[email protected]> Abstract. Magnesium contributes to the regulation of inflammatory responses. Here, we focus on the role of magnesium in acute inflammation. Although present knowledge is incomplete to delineate an accurate scenario and a sche- dule of the events occurring under magnesium deficiency, it emerges that low magnesium status favors the induction of acute inflammation by sensitizing sen- tinel cells to the noxious agent, and then by participating to the orchestration of the vascular and cellular events that characterize the process. Key words: magnesium, acute inflammation, leukocytes, endothelial cells Inflammation has been observed since the pathological processes, including the regulation of beginning of documented medical knowledge [1], immune response [3-7]. TRPM7, which possesses but the disclosure of its significance and com- an ion transport domain and an active kinase plexity is rather recent. It is now clear that domain and is responsible for cellular Mg homeo- inflammation is the automatic response of living stasis, phosphorylates phospholipase C␥2, crucial tissues to damage. Through a series of inter- in intracellular signaling after the activation of connected events involving blood vessels and B lymphocytes, and is implicated in T cell migra- leukocytes, it defends from damages and paves the tion [7, 8]. -
The Combination of Calcium Oxide and Cu/Zro2 Catalyst and Their Selective Products for CO2 Hydrogenation
Article The Combination of Calcium Oxide and Cu/ZrO2 Catalyst and their Selective Products for CO2 Hydrogenation Soipatta Soisuwan1,a,b,*, Wilasinee Wisaijorn1, Chalida Nimnul1, Orawan Maunghimapan1, and Piyasan Praserthdam2 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University, 169 Long-Hard Bangsaen Road, Saensuk Sub-District, Muang District, Chonburi, 20130, Thailand 2 Center of Excellence in Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathuwan District, Bangkok 10330, Thailand E-mail: [email protected] (Corresponding author), [email protected] Abstract. The catalytic activities of Cu/ZrO2_CaO catalysts were investigated on CO2 hydrogenation. The CO2 hydrogenations were carried out over combination of calcium oxide and Cu/ZrO2 catalyst. Two calcination temperatures were chosen at 300 and 650 oC according to thermal decomposition results. The catalysts were characterized by means of N2 adsorption-desorption, H2 temperature programmed reduction and X-ray diffraction. The CO2 hydrogenation under atmospheric pressure and at 250 oC was carried out over copper-based catalysts combined with calcium oxide namely i.e. Cu/ZrO 2 _CaO300, Cu/ZrO 2 _CaO650, Cu/ZrO2_Cu/CaO and Cu/ZrO2+CaO. The catalytic activities over all catalysts were consistent for 4 hours. The catalytic reaction rates over copper-based catalysts were in the range of 21.8 – 47.4 mol L-1 s-1 g cat-1. The modification of calcium oxide can improve the catalytic activity of copper-based catalysts to 47.4 mol L-1 s-1 g cat-1. The calcination temperature can cause a difference in active species that impact on product selectivity. -
Calcium Oxide
CALCIUM OXIDE Prepared at the 19th JECFA (1975), published in NMRS 55B (1976) and in FNP 52 (1992). Metals and arsenic specifications revised at the 59th JECFA (2002). An ADI ‘Not limited’ was established at the 9th JECFA (1965). SYNONYMS Lime; INS No. 529 DEFINITION Chemical names Calcium oxide C.A.S. number 1305-78-8 Chemical formula CaO Formula weight 56.08 Assay Not less than 95.0% after ignition DESCRIPTION Odourless, hard, white or greyish white masses or granules, or white to greyish white powder FUNCTIONAL USES Alkali, dough conditioner, yeast food CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION Solubility (Vol. 4) Slightly soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, soluble in glycerol (Caution: Protect eyes when adding water) Reaction with water Moisten the sample with water; heat is generated (Caution: Protect eyes when adding water). Test for alkali The sample is alkaline to moistened litmus paper Test for calcium (Vol. 4) Passes test PURITY Loss on ignition (Vol. 4) Not more than 10% (1 g, about 800o to constant weight) Barium Not more than 0.03% Cautiously mix 1.5 g of the sample with 10 ml water, add 15 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid TS, dilute to 30 ml with water and filter. To 20 ml of the filtrate add 2 g of sodium acetate, 1 ml of dilute acetic acid TS and 0.5 ml of potassium chromate TS and allow to stand for 15 min. The turbidity of the solution is not greater than that of a control prepared by adding water to 0.3 ml of barium standard solution (1.779 g barium chloride in 1000 ml of water) to make to 20 ml, adding 2 g of sodium acetate, 1 ml of dilute acetic acid TS and 0.5 ml of potassium chromate TS and allowing to stand for 15 min. -
Schlenk Equilibrium in Toluene Solutions of Grignard Reagents
SCHLENK EQUILIBRIUM IN TOLUENE SOLUTIONS OF GRIGNARD REAGENTS Ants Tuulmets*, Marvi Mikk and Dmitri Panov Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, EE2400 Estonia Abstract Grignard reagents were prepared from η-butyl chloride, η-butyl bromide and bromobenzene in toluene in the presence of small amounts of diethyl ether. The reagents disproportionate according to the Schlenk equilibrium with the formation of a precipitate rich in magnesium halide. The supernatant solution comprises higly soluble complexes of the stoichiometry xR2Mg.yMgX2.zEt20 (x>y). The extent of side-reactions during the formation of these Grignard reagents increases in the order nBuCI<nBuBr<PhBr. Introduction Organomagnesium compounds can be prepared not only in conventional ethers but also in hydrocarbon media or without any solvent at all [1-5]. For many purposes the replacement of ethers by hydrocarbons of higher boiling point is expedient. The process in hydrocarbons is preferable, since the reaction medium is cheap, nonhygroscopic, and fire hazards are low. The use of unsolvated organomagnesium halides is limited to primary alkyl and aryl compounds. Branched chain primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl halides, vinyl, allyl, and benzyl halides do not react under these conditions or produce Wurtz-type coupling products [2,6]. In the presence of one molar equivalent of complexing agents, e.g. ethers and tertiary amines, several organomagnesium compounds have been obtained in hydrocarbon media [5,7,8], Furthermore, alkylmagnesium bromide and chloride reagents in toluene containing less than one equivalent of diethyl ether have also been prepared [9-12]. Because the Grignard reagents in donor solvents are complexed at least with two solvent molecules per atom of magnesium, the reagents obtained in the presence of smaller amounts of donors should be considered as partially solvated. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,284,263 B1 Place (45) Date of Patent: Sep
USOO6284263B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,284,263 B1 Place (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 4, 2001 (54) BUCCAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION IN THE 4,755,386 7/1988 Hsiao et al. TREATMENT OF FEMALE SEXUAL 4,764,378 8/1988 Keith et al.. DYSFUNCTION 4,877,774 10/1989 Pitha et al.. 5,135,752 8/1992 Snipes. 5,190,967 3/1993 Riley. (76) Inventor: Virgil A. Place, P.O. Box 44555-10 5,346,701 9/1994 Heiber et al. Ala Kahua, Kawaihae, HI (US) 96743 5,516,523 5/1996 Heiber et al. 5,543,154 8/1996 Rork et al. ........................ 424/133.1 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 5,639,743 6/1997 Kaswan et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 6,180,682 1/2001 Place. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. * cited by examiner (21) Appl. No.: 09/626,772 Primary Examiner Thurman K. Page ASSistant Examiner-Rachel M. Bennett (22) Filed: Jul. 27, 2000 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Dianne E. Reed; Reed & Related U.S. Application Data ASSciates (62) Division of application No. 09/237,713, filed on Jan. 26, (57) ABSTRACT 1999, now Pat. No. 6,117,446. A buccal dosage unit is provided for administering a com (51) Int. Cl. ............................. A61F 13/02; A61 K9/20; bination of Steroidal active agents to a female individual. A61K 47/30 The novel buccal drug delivery Systems may be used in (52) U.S. Cl. .......................... 424/435; 424/434; 424/464; female hormone replacement therapy, in female 514/772.3 contraception, to treat female Sexual dysfunction, and to treat or prevent a variety of conditions and disorders which (58) Field of Search .................................... -
Interaction of Water with the Cao(001) Surface † ‡ † § ‡ † ∥ Yuichi Fujimori, Xunhua Zhao, Xiang Shao, , Sergey V
Article pubs.acs.org/JPCC Interaction of Water with the CaO(001) Surface † ‡ † § ‡ † ∥ Yuichi Fujimori, Xunhua Zhao, Xiang Shao, , Sergey V. Levchenko, Niklas Nilius, , † ⊥ † Martin Sterrer,*, , and Hans-Joachim Freund † ‡ Department of Chemical Physics and Theory Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany ∥ Institute of Physics, Carl-von-Ossietzky University, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany ⊥ Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Universitatsplatz̈ 5, 8010 Graz, Austria *S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: The interaction of water with the CaO(001) surface has been studied from ultrahigh-vacuum to submillibar water vapor pressures and at temperatures of 100 and 300 K using well-structured CaO(001)/Mo(001) thin-film model systems. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been employed to reveal the correlation between the vibrational frequencies of the hydroxyl groups and the distinct hydroxylated surface phases that develop as a function of water exposure. In the low-coverage regime, water monomers, small water clusters, and one-dimensional water chains are formed on the CaO(001) surface. At increasing water coverages, water-induced structural disorder is observed, indicating 2+ partial solvation of Ca ions. Partial transformation of CaO(001) into a Ca(OH)2-like phase occurs upon dosing of water at submillibar water pressure. In addition, it was found that interfacial hydroxyl groups formed on the CaO(001) surface during water exposure at temperatures as low as 100 K shift the temperatures for ice desorption and for the transition from amorphous solid water to crystalline ice by 10 K as compared to those for the nonhydroxylated MgO surface. -
Uncertain Material Experiment Size in Industry
'10.5045 JULY 9. 1966 NATURE 125 The problem of nucleation is considered by V. N. Fili and certainly no information, about the reliability of povich by discussing a very simple model of a mixture some of the experimental results, in a field in which of two particles. As he says, " ... success depends on the reproducibility is not to be taken for granted. Figs. extent to which the model reflects the real system. The 45, 56 and 81 provide typical examples of justifiable development of a detailed theory of crystallization of doubts concerning the data. The theoret.ical calculations complex glasses and melts directly depends on the state seem to be similarly fraught with difficulties, and it is no of the theory of liquid and glass structure, which is still surprise to find a note added in proof which, concerning far from perfection". the displacement energy Ta, says "It now appears that The editor of this volume, E. A. Porai-Koshits, has 60 e Vis a better value than 25 e V, and if this is accepted, made important contributions to the study of glasses by the number of displaced atoms given in this book should X-ray diffraction and his laboratory has for some years be reduced by the ratio 25: 60". now concentrated on the use of small-angle X-ray diffrac The author has achieved a very creditable performance tion, light scattering and electron microscopy to study the with his cast of eccentrics and has provided a valuable, development of immiscibility in simple glasses and the up-to-date story of his field.