Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Quiz
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Article Fairy Marriages in Tolkien’S Works GIOVANNI C
article Fairy marriages in Tolkien’s works GIOVANNI C. COSTABILE Both in its Celtic and non-Celtic declinations, the motif the daughter of the King of Faerie, who bestows on him a of the fairy mistress has an ancient tradition stretching magical source of wealth, and will visit him whenever he throughout different areas, ages, genres, media and cul- wants, so long as he never tells anybody about her.5 Going tures. Tolkien was always fascinated by the motif, and used further back, the nymph Calypso, who keeps Odysseus on it throughout his works, conceiving the romances of Beren her island Ogygia on an attempt to make him her immortal and Lúthien, and Aragorn and Arwen. In this article I wish husband,6 can be taken as a further (and older) version of to point out some minor expressions of the same motif in the same motif. Tolkien’s major works, as well as to reflect on some over- But more pertinent is the idea of someone’s ancestor being looked aspects in the stories of those couples, in the light of considered as having married a fairy. Here we can turn to the often neglected influence of Celtic and romance cultures the legend of Sir Gawain, as Jessie Weston and John R. Hul- on Tolkien. The reader should also be aware that I am going bert interpret Gawain’s story in Sir Gawain and the Green to reference much outdated scholarship, that being my pre- Knight as a late, Christianised version of what once was a cise intent, though, at least since this sort of background fairy-mistress tale in which the hero had to prove his worth may conveniently help us in better understanding Tolkien’s through the undertaking of the Beheading Test in order to reading of both his theoretical and actual sources. -
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight New Verse Translation by Benedict Flynn POETRY Read by Jasper Britton
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight New verse translation by Benedict Flynn POETRY Read by Jasper Britton NA286512D 1 I. When siege and assault had ceased... 1:47 2 This fair Britain, founded by that famous knight... 0:52 3 The king lay at Camelot one Christmas tide... 1:08 4 With New Year not yet a day old... 1:16 5 Now, Arthur would not eat until all were served... 0:58 6 So he stands, the stern young king... 1:06 7 I’ll say nothing more about the meal... 1:12 8 Green, were both the garments and the grinning man... 1:31 9 Garbed in green was the gallant rider... 1:27 10 And yet he had no helm or hauberk either... 1:38 11 Stunned, the court stared... 1:00 12 From the dais Arthur watched... 1:34 13 ‘Fight? Have no worry.’ 1:28 14 If he astonished them first... 1:21 15 ‘By heaven,’ said Arthur... 0:53 16 ‘Grant me grace,’ said Gawain... 1:06 17 The king commanded the courtly knight to stand. 1:12 18 ‘By God,’ said the Green Knight... 1:24 19 The Green Knight stood... 1:30 20 For he held the head up high in both his hands... 1:29 21 And yet high-born Arthur was heavy at heart... 1:25 22 II. Arthur was granted his gift of adventure... 1:29 23 So comes the summer season... 1:10 2 24 Yet he lingers till All Hallows... 1:26 25 He dwelt there that day.. -
Vilain, Auctor : the Upward Flow of Wisdom in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight / by Gail Althea Bell.
Yf LAIN, AUCTOR: THE UPWARD PLOW OF VfSCCfl IW SIR GABAfN AMD TRE GREEN KNIGHT -m __I- -- I-_.-- ---- Gail Althea Bell THESIS SUBHXTTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLHENT Of THE REQUIREHENTS FCR THE DEGREE OF RASTER OF ARTS in the Departaent English C Gail Althea Bell 1981 SISCN FRASEX UNXVERSITP October 198 1 A11 rights reserved, This thesis may not be reproduced i~whale or in part, by photocopy or other meaos, without permission of the author, APPROVAL NAME: Gail A1 thea BELL DEGREE: Master of Arts TITLE OF THESIS: Vilain Auctor: The Upward Flow of Wisdom in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. EXAMINING COMMITTEE: Chai rman: Dr. Michael Steig Dr. Joseph Gal 1agher, 'Senior Supervi sor Associate Professor of Engl ish Dr. dary-~nnStouck, Assistant Professor of Engl ish Dr. Harvey De i ROO, Assistant Professor of Engl ish Dr. Kieran Kealy , ~xtehalExaminer Professor of English, U.B.C. Date Approved: 3/81. PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or sing l e cbp ies only for such users or in response to a reqbest from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. -
Was Gawain a Gamer? Gus Forester East Tennessee State University
East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Undergraduate Honors Theses Student Works 12-2014 Was Gawain a Gamer? Gus Forester East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/honors Part of the Continental Philosophy Commons, and the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Forester, Gus, "Was Gawain a Gamer?" (2014). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 249. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/249 This Honors Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Forester 1 Department of Literature and Language East Tennessee State University Was Gawain a Gamer? Gus Forester An Honors Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the English Honors-in-Discipline Program _________________________________________ Dr. Thomas Crofts, Thesis Director 12/4/2014 _________________________________________ Dr. Mark Holland, Faculty Advisor _________________________________________ Dr. Leslie MacAvoy, Faculty Advisor Forester 2 Introduction The experience of playing a game can be summarized with three key elements. The first element is the actions performed by the player. The second element is the player’s hope that precedes his actions, that is to say the player’s belief that such actions are possible within the game world. The third and most interesting element is that which precedes the player’s hope: the player’s encounter with the superplayer. This encounter can come in either the metaphorical sense of the player’s discovering what is possible as he plots his actions or in the literal sense of watching someone show that it is possible, but it must, by definition, be a memorable experience. -
Is Sir Gawain a Typical Knight?
Lesson 3 – Is Sir Gawain a typical knight? Can you use your knowledge of knights to understand Gawain better? Can you demonstrate understanding of knightly principles? Send work to your teacher via Google Classroom, Google Drive or email. Activity 1 Read the following extract taken from the opening of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. EACH MONTH OF THE YEAR PASSED BY, however, as seasons came and went, it was difficult for Gawain not to think from time to about the terrible fate he must face - sooner now, not later. Many a long night lay awake, willing time to slow but time neither waits nor hurries for any man. It was already Michaelmas (a saint’s day celebrated in September) and he knew he must soon leave and be on his way. His spirits were raised by the love of the king and by his brotherhood of knights. Gawain stayed as long as he could, up until All Saints' Day (a day in November to celebrate all known and unknown saints). The last night before he was to leave they held a great feast in his honour, and everyone at Camelot, lords and ladies, squires and servants, did all they could to keep him merry. But try as they might the jokes and the laughter seemed flat and forced, the smiles thin, for all of them realised this was likely to be the last time they would dine with brave Gawain. No knight in that court was more well-loved and honoured than he. Figure 1 - a medieval feast Bravely, but sadly, Gawain rose to his feet. -
Distressing Damsels: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight As a Loathly Lady Tale
Distressing Damsels: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight as a Loathly Lady Tale By Lauren Chochinov A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of English University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba Copyright © 2010 by Lauren Chochinov i Abstract At the end of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, when Bertilak de Hautdesert reveals Morgan le Fay’s involvement in Gawain’s quest, the Pearl Poet introduces a difficult problem for scholars and students of the text. Morgan appears out of nowhere, and it is difficult to understand the poet’s intentions for including her so late in his narrative. The premise for this thesis is that the loathly lady motif helps explain Morgan’s appearance and Gawain’s symbolic importance in the poem. Through a study of the loathly lady motif, I argue it is possible that the Pearl Poet was using certain aspects of the motif to inform his story. Chapter one of this thesis will focus on the origins of the loathly lady motif and the literary origins of Morgan le Fay. In order to understand the connotations of the loathly lady stories, it is important to study both the Irish tales and the later English versions of the motif. My study of Morgan will trace her beginnings as a pagan healer goddess to her later variations in French and Middle English literature. The second chapter will discuss the influential women in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and their specific importance to the text. -
An Analysis of Sexual Agency and Seduction in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
Advised by Dr. Theodore Leinbaugh The Performativity of Temptation: An Analysis of Sexual Agency and Seduction in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight By Jordan Lynn Stinnett Honors Thesis Department of English and Comparative Literature University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill 2018 Approved: __________________________________________ Abstract In my analysis of the medieval romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, I focus on the paradoxical representation of female sexuality exhibited in the temptation scenes. I argue that Lady Bertilak’s sexuality is a unique synthesis of Christian and Celtic archetypes whose very construction lends her the ability to rearticulate her own sexual agency. It is only by reconciling these two theological frameworks that we can understand how she is duly empowered and disempowered by her own seduction of Gawain. Through the Christian “Eve-as-temptress” motif, the Lady’s feminine desire is cast as duplicitous and threatening to the morality of man. However, her embodiment of the Celtic sovereignty-goddess motif leads to the reclamation of her sexual power. Ultimately, the temptation scenes provide the Lady with the literary space necessary to redefine her feminine agency and reconstruct the binary paradigms of masculinity and femininity. II TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………….1 CHAPTER ONE: THE GENESIS OF TEMPTATION…………………...……………………6 CHAPTER TWO: THE SOVEREIGNTY OF TEMPTATION……………………………….23 CONCLUSION THE PERFORMATIVITY OF TEMPTATION……………..…………….38 WORKS CITED…………………………………………………………………..42 III 4 INTRODUCTION Operating under the guise of temptation, gender relations and sexual power drive the plot of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Guided by Morgan le Fay’s plans to test his honor, Lady Bertilak seduces Gawain in a series of episodes commonly referred to as the “temptation scenes”. -
Women and Magic in Medieval Literature
Women and Magic in Medieval Literature by Jessica Leigh In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in The Department of English State University of New York New Paltz, New York 12561 November 2019 WOMEN AND MAGIC IN MEDIEVAL LITERATURE Jessica Leigh State University of New York at New Paltz _______________________________________ We, the thesis committee for the above candidate for the Master of Arts degree, hereby recommend Acceptance of this thesis. _______________________________________ Daniel Kempton, Thesis Advisor Department of English, SUNY New Paltz _______________________________________ Cyrus Mulready, Thesis Committee Member Department of English, SUNY New Paltz Approved on 12/06/2019 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Master of Arts degree in English at the State University of New York at New Paltz Leigh 1 One of the defining features of medieval literature is its relationship with a particular tradition of magic. Arthurian chivalric romance stands among some of the most well-known and enduring medieval literary pieces, appearing as a staple of Renaissance medievalism, Victorian medievalism, the work of pre-Raphaelites, and in modern pop culture, as in programs like Merlin. The tropes of Arthurian chivalric romance remain major identifiers of the Middle Ages. Even other major medieval texts still largely known and commonly studied in schools and universities today incorporate elements of the Arthurian tradition, as in The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, or the wider chivalric tradition, as in the lais of Marie de France. The fictional worlds encompassed by medieval literature contain many legendary creatures, prophesied events, and magical items which give color and memorable character to these many tales. -
Medieval Mirroring: Fantastic Space and the Qualities That Native Characters Reflect
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-2018 Medieval Mirroring: Fantastic Space and the Qualities that Native Characters Reflect Donald Jacob Baggett University of Tennessee Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Recommended Citation Baggett, Donald Jacob, "Medieval Mirroring: Fantastic Space and the Qualities that Native Characters Reflect. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2018. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/5172 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Donald Jacob Baggett entitled "Medieval Mirroring: Fantastic Space and the Qualities that Native Characters Reflect." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in English. Laura L. Howes, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Mary C. Dzon, Heather A. Hirschfeld Accepted for the Council: Dixie L. Thompson Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) Medieval Mirroring: Fantastic Space and the Qualities that Native Characters Reflect A Thesis Presented for the Master of Arts Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Donald Jacob Baggett August 2018 Copyright © 2018 by Donald Jacob Baggett All rights reserved. -
Masarykova Univerzita Portrayal of Women in Arthurian Legends
Masarykova univerzita Pedagogická fakulta Katedra anglického jazyka a literatury Portrayal of women in Arthurian legends Bachelor thesis Brno, 2012 Supervisor: Author: Mgr. Jarolslav Izavčuk Petr Crhonek 1 Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem závěrečnou bakalářskou vypracoval samostatně, s využitím pouze citovaných literárních pramenů, dalších informací a zdrojů v souladu s disciplinárním řádem pro studenty Pedagogické fakulty Masarykovy univerzity a se zákonem č. 121/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a o změně některých zákonů (autorský zákon), ve znění pozdějších předpisů. Souhlasím, aby tato práce byla použitá jako zdroj studijních materiálů. Blansko, 23.září 2012 Petr Crhonek ……………………………………… 2 Annotation This bachelor thesis is aimed at women characters that can be met when reading Sir Thomas Malory’s L’Morte d’Arthur and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight from an unknown author. The thesis is to describe the characters, analyse them and compare to real women that were important throughout the history. In the end of this thesis there are interviews that were carried out by the author during his stay in England in the town of Barnstaple, Devon and pictures taken by the author that are to show some famous and interesting places connected to the legends of King Arthur. Key words King Arthur, women in Arthurian legends, Different roles of women, social status of women, women’s activities, crisis of masculinity, women as warriors, women as ladies-in-waiting, Morte d’Arthur, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. 3 Acknowledgement I would like to thank to Mgr. Jaroslav Izavčuk for supervising this thesis and his useful guidance. -
Sparknotes on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.” Sparknotes
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Plot Overview DURING A NEW YEAR’S EVE FEAST at King Arthur’s court, a strange figure, referred to only as the Green Knight, pays the court an unexpected visit. He challenges the group’s leader or any other brave representative to a game. The Green Knight says that he will allow whomever accepts the challenge to strike him with his own axe, on the condition that the challenger find him in exactly one year to receive a blow in return. Stunned, Arthur hesitates to respond, but when the Green Knight mocks Arthur’s silence, the king steps forward to take the challenge. As soon as Arthur grips the Green Knight’s axe, Sir Gawain leaps up and asks to take the challenge himself. He takes hold of the axe and, in one deadly blow, cuts off the knight’s head. To the amazement of the court, the now-headless Green Knight picks up his severed head. Before riding away, the head reiterates the terms of the pact, reminding the young Gawain to seek him in a year and a day at the Green Chapel. After the Green Knight leaves, the company goes back to its festival, but Gawain is uneasy. Time passes, and autumn arrives. On the Day of All Saints, Gawain prepares to leave Camelot and find the Green Knight. He puts on his best armor, mounts his horse, Gringolet, and starts off toward North Wales, traveling through the wilderness of northwest Britain. Gawain encounters all sorts of beasts, suffers from hunger and cold, and grows more desperate as the days pass. -
Ben Mccabe. Gawain Thesis
Ben McCabe Sir Gawain and Scholasticism Department of English The University of Sydney !2 Introduction Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is perhaps today the best-known and widely-read Middle English romance, even if it is most often known and read in modern translation. The appeal of the poem lies in the anonymous poet’s skill in creating the poem’s Romance world, that mixes magical effect with the performance of the chivalric ideal, and the playful laxity of courteous morality with the earnestness of the Christian ethic. The conventions of the Arthurian tradition and characterizations are recast with disarming originality, drawing the reader into the texts complexities in a way that can be compared to the confused perceptions of Gawain himself. The richness SGGK1 offers modern readers many ways into the poem’s ideas, but I will argue in this thesis that the thought-world in which the poet lived should not be left behind in modern approaches to the romance. My focus will be on a central question of the poem—the problem of facing death—contextualized in a discussion of medieval ways of thinking about the ethical dilemmas that the poem creates for its central character, Sir Gawain. In the following thesis, I will offer a reading of the Middle English romance of SGGK2 that contextualises the poem within the framework of Scholastic thought, focusing in particular on the influence of the Scholastic discussions of moral philosophy, in order to better understand the poem’s treatment of moral indeterminacy. In the opening preface I outline my reasons for adopting this approach, while also acknowledging that such a methodology is not entirely new in the scholarship surrounding SGGK.