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Workload Factor Encouraging Job Stress Among Pt3 Teachers in School District Kapit, Sarawak

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Workload Factor Encouraging Job Stress Among Pt3 Teachers in School District Kapit, Sarawak WORKLOAD FACTOR ENCOURAGING JOB STRESS AMONG PT3 TEACHERS IN SCHOOL DISTRICT KAPIT, SARAWAK 1BAVANHI A/P RAMAN, 2NORASMAH BINTI OTHMAN Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Abstract- This study aimed to identify the factors that are driving workload stress level among teachers in the school district Kapit, Sarawak. The study population comprised 152 teachers who work in four schools in the Kapit Division. A total of 100 teachers selected a sample of four schools are random. This study design involves quantitative descriptive survey method. Questionnaires were used in the data collection process and the results analyzed using Statistical Package of the Social Sciences (SPSS). The analysis was done by using descriptive statistics, namely in the context of frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and regression analysis were used for Part C. The results of this study indicate that teachers experience stress at a moderate level and influenced by the workload. Key Words- the workload, the level of stress among teachers, school district Kapit I. INTRODUCTION increase teachers' workload. This is because, the teacher uses a long time in PBS as well as getting Nowadays, the teaching profession is a social service involved in a variety of other tasks. The commitment that is very challenging. This is because the teachers of teachers to the schools affected by this problem are giving a great impact on the development of even in a small scope. Some studies show that it’s cognitive (mental), affective (attitude) and abilities of increasing the burden on teachers from time to time students. According to Ismail Abas (2007), and they just have a little time to implement it (Azizi; generation of competent teachers, controlling Jamaludin and Mazeni, 2010 and Klassen and Chiu, character and moral of students is something that is 2010). Stress is a serious disease and is often required by the state to meet the challenges of the associated with job performance, health and Seventh Vision 2020. In addition, teachers also productivity of an individual or employee. Stress is considered as an impact on the physical and social also a disease or phenomenon that often attack people skills of each student (Syed and Rohany 2010; nowadays and is often associated with mental health Rohaidah, 2015). The teaching profession is a (Raja, 2011, Haryati, 2013 and Norreza, 2014). challenging job because the teacher's work now is not Review from Virginy (2011), Norreza (2014) and just to teach but also burdened with many tasks from Haryati (2013) also noted that stress is a reaction that other side. Therefore, teachers start to feel a duty to is often associated with negative things, which is educate is an onerous and did not give satisfaction in crazy, edgy, soul anxious, depressed, irritable, unable the work. In their opinion, this happening due to the to think and negative things others. stress encountered in the workplace (Rohaidah, 2015). A study conducted by Rohaidah (2015) stated that if not overcome prolonged stress in a positive way then School-Based Assessment or better know as it can bring to the teachers burnout. Burnout is a Pentaksiran Berasaskan Sekolah (PBS) is a phenomenon that is used to indicate the state of a curriculum introduced by the MOE in the new high-pressure job. Virginy (2011); Ooi and Aziah education system. PBS is a form of assessment (2015); Sapura (2010); Tajulashikin et al. (2013) and carried out in schools. Its implementation is as Asraf (2013) says that there are several factors that designed, administered, scored and reported in a cause this stress disease. Among the factors set out in planned based on procedures established by the their study were as environmental factors, physical, Malaysian Examinations Syndicate (MES). PBS is a family, change communication, disease, social, component of the assessment conducted by the school decision and include power factor. It is supported in a and its assessment conducted by teachers on an study conducted by the Raja (2011), that the Ministry ongoing basis during the process of teaching and of Education always gets complaints from teachers learning (P&P) (Jamaliah, 2013). After making who are experiencing stress. They complain that they improvements to PBS, the MOE has introduced the cannot stand and think too hard with the workload, Form 3 Assessment (PT3) which replaces PMR and working life, financial problems and family. continue PBS filled offline for Form 1 and 2 students. PT3 was introduced in 2014 replaced the PMR exam Accordingly, the researchers felt that this study and taken by Form 3 students at the end of the year. should be conducted to look at the workload factor encouraging stress among PT3 subject teachers in Implementation of the PBS should also be carried out school district Kapit, Sarawak. In addition, the by teachers during the year together with PT3 which researchers hope that this study will be useful Proceedings of 57th IASTEM International Conference, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, 10th-11th June 2017 8 3Workload Factor Encouraging Job Stress Among Pt3 Teachers In School District Kapit, Sarawak guidelines and assist the parties involved, the teachers stress. This is caused by the consumption of time for who do not realize that they are suffering from stress 74 hours a week in the line of duty 50.4 hours or 68% which adversely affect their social and personal lives. related to the curriculum (Normarina, 2015). Her Furthermore, this study is expected to assist the opinion also said that teachers are forced to work school in planning a variety of activities and overtime until there is a Overuse workload caused by programme to reduce this problem by involving changes in education nowadays force. This problem teachers. For example, in-service training program exists because of unsatisfactory performance of (LDP) were carried out on stress management students and student discipline problems are more courses. Furthermore, these studies help the Ministry difficult to control. of Education in planning and taking appropriate The findings of Normarina in 2015 on stress levels action to reduce this problem and consequently to among vocational college lecturer in Johor prove that drive the country's education system. the level of stress experienced by respondents are moderate. However, there are still some signs of Thus, the researchers feel that the study is a stress among the vocational college lecturer. The reasonable action, which can help to provide more findings also showed that female lecturers scientific information about the level of stress faced experienced higher stress levels than men lecturer. by teachers in terms of workload. Next, the goal of Accordingly, the change in the system is the this study is to identify the level of stress among PT3 dominant factor that occurrence the stress among subject teachers in the area that had been selected. respondents with 29%, followed by the workload Factors to be investigated to determine the level of (23%), the attitude of the students (23%), teacher stress is based on the workload. In addition, interpersonal relationships (13%) as well as the this study aims to identify the impact of workload on constraints of time and resources (12%), Hasnah the level of stress among PT3 subject teachers in study conducted in 2004 concluded that there are Kapit, Sarawak. The objective of this study was to factors that can create stress for teachers, the identify the level of stress and identify factors driving workload is too heavy and needs a lot of time to the workload stress level among PT3 subject teachers prepare the case. in Kapit, Sarawak. In addition, there are also studies that prove that II. LITERATURE REVIEW teachers are burdened with duties outside of teaching, such as attending meetings, conduct programme for Researchers have discussed the research at home and students, extra-curricular activities, taking care of the abroad that have been carried out in accordance with welfare of the students and the duties of the other the scope of the study. He reviewed the findings of (Tajulashikin et al. 2013; Kamaruzaman, 2007). previous studies on the factors that drive the According to their study, teachers are under pressure workload stress level. The problem of stress in the to deal with the implementation of reforms in teaching profession is becoming increasingly nowadays education system. Accordingly, the stress common among them. This is because, most of the experienced by them will affect the emotional, stress occurs because of the increased workload and physical and psychosomatic teachers. In the study an increased economic pressure on individuals. The Tajulashikin et al. (2013) has also been proved that failure of the school to meet the social needs and the many people concerned with the issue of teacher needs of work-related stress is the cause of the stress and has started to be investigated from the early problem is significant teacher (Rohaidah, 2015; 1970's up to today. Normarina 2015; Ooi and Aziah (2015) and Fun, Among the researchers who conducted the study 2008). In accordance with the requirements of the related stress are Kyriacou and Sutcliffe (1978); Integrated Curriculum for Secondary Schools (ICSS), Chaplain, (1995); McCormick, (1997); Lau, (2002); the educational system of our country now has grown Lemaire, (2009); Ages (2011) and this is stated in the rapidly. Accordingly, changes in the curriculum puts study Kyriacou, C. (2010), Tajulashikin et al. (2013) a desire that all teachers must train students for and Ummi (2014). Their research proves that the balanced development of self in terms of intellectual, workload is a major contributing factor to the spiritual, emotional, physical and personal problem of stress among teachers and this will bring a development as well as the skills to impart knowledge negative impact on teacher behavior affects other to them. than their physiology, namely high blood pressure.
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