aqua, International Journal of

Trypauchenichthys larsonae, a new of amblyopine from Australia (: ) with a key to the species in the

Edward O. Murdy

National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA 22230, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected]

Received: 13 November 2007 – Accepted: 28 January 2008

Abstract type, l’ouest de Bornéo, et avec des occurrences en Thaï - The Indo-West Pacific gobiid genus is lande, aux Philippines, à Sarawak et dans l’archipel Riau, defined and revised. Trypauchenichthys is unique within the Indonésie. Une clé des espèces est fournie. Des figures et Amblyopinae in having the pelvic fins separate (not joined des descriptions sont aussi présentes. Des relations possi - by a connecting membrane). Trypauchenichthys comprises bles du genre sont discutées. three species: T. larsonae n. sp., known only from the Northern Territory, Australia; T. sumatrensis found in the Sommario Strait of Malacca with a reported occurrence in India, and In questo articolo il genere di gobidi dell’Indo-Pacifico T. typus with specimens known only from the type locality occidentale Trypauchenichthys è definito e revisionato. Try - in western Borneo and reports from Thailand, the Philip - pauchenichthys è il solo tra gli Amblyopinae nell’avere le pin- pines, Sarawak, and the Riau Archipelago, Indonesia. A ne pelviche separate (non congiunte da una membrana con - key to species is provided. Figures and descriptions of each nettivale). Trypauchenichthys comprende tre specie: T. lar- species are also given. Putative relationships of the genus sonae n. sp., nota esclusivamente dai Territori del Nord, Au- are discussed. stralia; T. sumatrensis diffuso nello stretto di Malacca ma con presenze segnalate in India e T. typus noto dalla località tipo Zusammenfassung nel Borneo occidentale e segnalato anche in Tailandia, Filip - Die indo-westpazifische Gobiiden-Gattung Trypauche- pine, Sarawak e Arcipelago Riau, Indonesia. Viene fornita nichthys wird definiert und revidiert. Trypauchenichthys hat una chiave per l’identificazione delle specie, unitamente ad innerhalb der Amblyopinae insofern eine Sonderstellung, illustrazioni e descrizioni di ognuna di esse. Sono infine di- als bei dieser Gattung die Bauchflossen getrennt sind scusse possibili relazioni filogenetiche del genere. (nicht durch eine Membran verbunden). Drei Arten gehören nach heutigem Kenntnisstand dazu: T. larsonae n. INTRODUCTION sp., bisher nur vom Nord-Territorium, Australien, be- Trypauchenichthys typus was described by Bleeker kannt; T. sumatrensis, mit Belegfunden von der Malacca- (1860) as a new genus and species based on two Straße und Berichten aus Indien, sowie T. typus, zu der es Belegexemplare nur von der Typuslokalität bei Westborneo specimens from Sungi-duri (western Borneo), gibt und außerdem Berichte aus Thailand, von den Philip - Indonesia. In contrast to other amblyopines, which pinen, Sarawak und dem Riau-Archipel, Indonesien. Der have either fully or partially united pelvic fins, Try - Überblick wird mit einem Bestimmungsschlüssel sowie pauchenichthys has completely separate pelvic fins. Zeichnungen und Beschreibungen zu jeder Art abgeschlos- There are few reports of T. typus in the literature. sen. Die mutmaßlichen Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen der Hora (1924) provided information on two speci - Gattung werden diskutiert. mens (162 and 168 mm SL) of T. typus from Singgora (= Songkhla), Thailand. Herre (1927) Résumé described details of a 69 mm (presumably TL) Le genre de de l’Indo-Pacifique ouest, Trypauche- nichthys est défini et revu. Ce genre est unique parmi les specimen from the Cagayan Islands in the Sulu Amblyophinae du fait que les pelviennes sont séparées Sea. Koumans (1931) examined and provided data (non reliées par une membrane). Trypauchenichthys com - on the types of T. typus; he stated that the pelvic- prend trois espèces: T. larsonae n. sp., repéré uniquement fin membranes were torn and thus was unsure if a dans le Territoire du Nord, Australie; T. sumatrensis, décou - membrane connecting the pelvic fins might have vert dans le Détroit de Malacca et signalé en Inde, et T. existed. Koumans (1940) listed a single 180 mm typus, avec des spécimens relevés seulement dans la localité specimen of T. typus from the Riouw (= Riau)

59 aqua vol. 14 no. 2 - 14 April 2008 Trypauchenichthys larsonae, a new species of amblyopine goby from Australia (Gobiidae: Amblyopinae) with a key to the species in the genus

Archipelago, Indonesia that he stated agreed fully sal and anal fins are soft and flexible. Additionally, with Bleeker’s description. Later, Koumans (1953) the spinous (first) and soft (second) dorsal fins are indicated that T. typus was also known from connected by membrane; the anteriormost ray Matang, Sarawak as well as Indonesia and the associated with two pterygiophores was deter - Philippines. Bleeker (1983) provided the only mined as the first element of the “second dorsal known color illustration of T. typus; this illustration fin” as in other gobioids, following Akihito et al. was reproduced in Kottelat et al. (1993). (1984). The vertebral count is separated into pre - One other species of Trypauchenichthys is known – caudal and caudal counts, the latter including the T. sumatrensis described by Hardenberg (1931) urostylar complex. Counts of axial skeletal features from Sumatra. This species has separate pelvic fins, (i.e., vertebrae, ribs, pterygiophores, and epurals) and a serrated (comb-like) frontal crest with a were taken from radiographs and/or cleared and prominent anterior projection. Koumans (1940) stained specimens. The methods of Birdsong et al. mentioned examining a 41 mm (presumably TL) (1988) were used in describing the relationship specimen of T. sumatranus (sic) at Hardenberg’s between the spinous dorsal-fin pterygiophores and laboratory in Batavia (= Jakarta) that he stated the underlying vertebrae. might be the type. Soon thereafter, Koumans Institutional abbreviations are as listed in Leviton (1941) distinguished T. sumatrensis from T. typus et al. (1985). The total number of specimens exam - and provided details of a 63 mm (presumably TL) ined and size range follow each catalog number. specimen of T. sumatrensis from the mouth of the Data referring to type specimens, including those Hooghly River in India. Koumans (1953) used the pertaining to synonyms, are listed by specific name same description of T. sumatrensis as in his 1941 and type category. paper, provided a figure of T. sumatrensis , and included a statement that he examined the type of T. sumatrensis in Batavia. Kottelat et al. (1993) pro - Trypauchenichthys Bleeker, 1860 vided the only known color photograph of a pre - served specimen of T. sumatrensis from Malaysia Trypauchenichthys Bleeker, 1860: 63 (type species: (specimen removed from USNM 211295, in litt.) Trypauchenichthys typus Bleeker, 1860, by original as well as brief descriptions of T. sumatrensis and T. designation and monotypy). typus taken from Koumans (1953). Included Species: Trypauchenichthys comprises three I could find no other reports of specimens of species: T. larsonae n. sp ., T. sumatrensis, and T. typus . either T. typus or T. sumatrensis in the literature. With the exception of the type specimens of T. Description: Total dorsal-fin elements 45-48 or typus and the figured specimen of T. sumatrensis 58-62; with six flexible spines followed used by Kottelat et al. (1993), all of the other spec - by 39-42 or 52-56 rays, first ray may be segmented imens cited above were lost, missing, or otherwise or segmented and branched, all other rays seg - unavailable for this study. mented and branched; dorsal-fin base long and During the course of this investigation of Try - broadly joined with caudal fin; total anal-fin ele - pauchenichthys, I examined a number of specimens ments 37-39 or 46-52, no spines, first element seg - from the Northern Territory, Australia, that differed mented, all other rays segmented and branched; from the two described species of Trypauchenichthys . median fin rays short and of approximate equal I herein describe these specimens from Northern length; anal-fin base long and broadly joined with Territory, Australia, as a new species of Trypau- caudal fin; pectoral-fin rays 16-19, pectoral fin fal - chenichthys and compare them with congeners. cate with dorsal rays longer than ventral rays; all pectoral-fin rays segmented; pelvic-fin rays I,2-4, METHODS two lateralmost pelvic-fin rays much longer than All measurements are straight-line distances made medialmost pelvic-fin ray(s); pelvic fins separate, with dial calipers and recorded to the nearest 0.1 which is atypical for gobies; caudal fin tapering mm. Standard length (SL) is used throughout with 17 segmented rays in a 9+8 arrangement. except where noted as total length (TL). Methods Head slightly compressed, body compressed; scales of measurements and counts follow Murdy (1989), cycloid, anteriormost small, embedded, non- and Murdy & Shibukawa (2001). imbricated; posteriormost larger and slightly over - In amblyopines, the spinous elements of the dor - lapping; scales extending from just dorsal to pec - aqua vol. 14 no. 2 - 14 April 2008 60 Edward O. Murdy toral-fin base onto caudal fin; scales present or and with or without a bony anterior projection; absent on abdomen; longitudinal scale rows 33-65. well-developed pleural ribs on third to ninth pre - Medially in upper and lower jaws, 2 or 3 rows of caudal vertebrae; pleural ribs on tenth vertebra teeth with 2 rows laterally; outer-row teeth larger much reduced, if present. and more rounded than those of inner row(s); Etymology: From the amblyopine genus Try - outer row teeth of lower jaw approximately equal pauchen and the Greek suffix, “ichthys”, fish or to or slightly larger than those of upper jaw; 5-24 fishy. The gender is masculine. teeth in outer row of upper jaw; 12-28 teeth in Comparison with other ‘’ Group outer row of lower jaw; no palatine or vomerine members: In Trypauchenichthys , the pelvic fins are teeth present. separate and not joined by a connecting mem - Mouth large and oblique, jaws terminating poste - brane. This condition of the pelvic fins is unique riorly at the vertical with, or just anterior to, orbit; within the ‘Trypauchen’ Group and the Ambly - rictus of jaws overlapped by skin; isthmus narrow; opinae. The frontal crest of Trypauchenichthys is no fleshy barbels present, but dermis thickened prominently exposed. In Ctenotrypauchen , the and roughened from lower jaw symphysis to isth - frontal crest is serrated and prominently exposed, mus. but the pelvic fins are joined medially and emar - Orbit is large and distinct, however, a typical eye ginate posteriorly. In Trypauchen microcephalus, the is not evident; lens visible macroscopically as a tiny, frontal crest is smooth and sometimes slightly black sphere beneath several layers of tissue, par - exposed, but is usually subdermal. No other ‘Try - tially enveloped in black pigment; lens much pauchen’ Group members have an exposed frontal smaller than diameter of posterior naris. Given the crest. With respect to other ‘Trypauchen’ Group reduction in eye structure, vision is likely limited. members, and Karsten lack an opercular Posterior naris anterodorsally on orbital rim; ante - pouch whereas Trypauchenichthys has an opercular rior naris with two folds of skin that contain an pouch . Trypauchen has united pelvic fins forming a external opening and slightly overhang the upper rounded disc (vs. pelvic fins separate in Try - lip; smaller lateral fold of the anterior naris more pauchenichthys). Amblyotrypauchen has head scales gently rounded than larger and more distinct and fang-like teeth in the jaws (vs. head scales medial fold; interorbital region to the upper lip absent and no fang-like teeth in Trypauchenich- with rough, thickened skin, much like chin region. thys). Cephalic sensory canals and pores absent; sensory Based on Murdy (2006), three or fewer anal-fin papillae present on head and nape, but difficult to pterygiophores anterior to first hemal spine, and observe without microscopy; sensory papillae scat - emarginate or separate pelvic fins are considered tered, not forming a discernible pattern except for derived conditions within the ‘Trypauchen’ Group. those that follow the ventral curve of the head and Therefore, Trypauchenichthys can be defined by those forming a vertical line on the . three or fewer anal-fin pterygiophores anterior to Gill opening moderate, extending from an first hemal spine, and the presence of separate approximate horizontal with dorsalmost aspect of pelvic fins. In addition, an exposed frontal crest is pectoral-fin base to well ventral of the pectoral-fin putatively considered a derived feature; both base. Ctenotrypauchen and Trypauchenichthys share this Osteology: Spinous dorsal-fin pterygiophore for - feature (see above). Postulating whether this char - mula typically 3-1221 (one specimen of T. suma - acter state is homoplasious or indicative or a larger, trensis with 4-231). Precaudal vertebrae 10 or 11, monophyletic group will require further study. caudal vertebrae 21-22, 25-26, or 29-30; pterygio - phore of the second soft dorsal-fin ray (posterior - most pterygiophore inserting in seventh interneural space) with a middle radial; typically 3 anal-fin pterygiophores anterior to first hemal spine; one specimen with 4; at lower jaw symph - ysis, terminus of dentary with a short projection ventroanteriorly that joins its mate to create a spike-like process on chin; frontal crest promi - nently exposed, with or without serrated margin,

61 aqua vol. 14 no. 2 - 14 April 2008 Trypauchenichthys larsonae, a new species of amblyopine goby from Australia (Gobiidae: Amblyopinae) with a key to the species in the genus

Table I. Selected meristic values for species of Trypauchenichthys; value in holotype or lectotype underscored. Meristic values, except for pectoral-fin rays, are based on radiographs, and one cleared and stained specimen (removed from USNM 211295). The number of anal-fin pterygiophores preceding the first hemal spine is abbreviated as AP.

Anal-fin rays (total elements) 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 T. larsonae 14131 T. sumatrensis 344 T. typus 1 1

Dorsal-fin rays (total elements) Pelvic-fin rays AP

45 46 47 48 58 59 60 61 62 I,2 I,3 I,4 34 T. larsonae 22222 812 10 T. sumatrensis 2225 216 13 T. typus 111 21 11

Total vertebrae Pectoral-fin rays 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 16 17 18 19 T. larsonae 9 11585 T. sumatrensis 10 1 4 8 6 3 T. typus 1 12

Key to the species of Trypauchenichthys tralia, 11°00’S 130°12’E, collected at 41 m by P. 1a. Frontal crest smooth; total elements in dorsal Pender, 26 October 1988. fins 58-62; total elements in anal fin 46-52 .... Paratypes: All paratypes from Northern Territory, ...... 2 Australia. NTM S.15204-001, 102.1 mm SL, 1b. Frontal crest serrated with a large, anterior pro - female, Sandfly Beach, West Alligator Head, 12°10’S jection; total elements in dorsal fins 45-48; 132°15’E, collected by K. & N. Grice, 9 January total elements in anal fin 37-39 (Malaysia, 1998. NTM S.14635-004, 74.1 mm SL, female, Sumatra) ...... T. sumatrensis Pocock’s Beach, West Alligator Head, 12°11’S 2a. Abdomen with scales; pelvic fins less than half 132°13’E, collected from 1-4 m by R. Williams & head length (pelvic-fin length/head length = party, 26 May 1998. NTM S.10232-003, 0.254-0.428); total elements in anal fin 46-50; 114.0 mm SL, female, NW of Point Stuart, 12°06’S total vertebrae 35 or 36 (Northern Territory, 131°45’E, collected from 9-11 m, 8 June 1977. Australia) ...... T. larsonae n. sp . NTM S.10225-004, 89.0 mm SL, female, Finke 2b. Abdomen without scales; pelvic fins long, half Bay, Van Diemen Gulf, 12°15’S 131°57’E, collected head length or more (pelvic-fin length/head at 7 m, 27 October 1977. AMS I.21218-001, length = 0.500-0.504); total elements in anal 75.8 mm SL, female, Shoal Bay, mouth of Buffalo fin 50-52; total vertebrae 40 or 41 (western Creek, 12°S 131°E. NTM S.694, 143.1 mm SL, Borneo, Indonesia) ...... T. typus female, NW of Smith Point, Port Essington, 11°05’S 132°05’E, collected by R. Cieslik, Sep - tember 1975. NTM S.11547-002, 125.3 mm SL, Trypauchenichthys larsonae n. sp. male, off Wanaray Pt., Cobourg Peninsula, (Figs 1A-B, Tables I-II) 11°15’S 131°39’E, collected at 40 m, 3 March 1984. NTM S.10031-018, 95.2 mm SL, female, Material Examined: north of Smith Point, Cobourg Peninsula, 10°58’S Holotype: NTM S.12491-005, 143.2 mm SL, 132°10’E, collected at 27 m by H. K. Larson, 18 female, Melville Island, Northern Territory, Aus - October 1981. NTM S.1189, 125.1 mm SL, gen - aqua vol. 14 no. 2 - 14 April 2008 62 Edward O. Murdy der indeterminate, near Burns Shoal, Arafura Sea, (–x = 17.8); anal-fin pterygiophores preceding the 10°50’S 132°20’E, collected at 29 m, September first hemal spine 3 (–x = 3.0). 1975. Color when fresh : No fresh specimens or Diagnosis: Frontal crest smooth, not serrated; images of fresh specimens were available. Presum - abdomen with scales; vertebral count 10+25 or ably, T. larsonae is reddish or pinkish when alive as 10+26; total vertebrae 35-36 (–x = 35.1); longitudi- are most other amblyopines. nal scale rows 48-63 (–x = 54.3); among propor - Color in alcohol : Head and body whitish, tional measurements within the genus (Table II), grayish-blue, or tannish; fins translucent. T. larsonae has the least ratio between pelvic-fin Ecology: No data are available other than the col - length and SL (0.041-0.076, –x = 0.056), and lection information from individual specimens. between pelvic-fin length and head length (0.254- Collections were made at depths from 1 to 41 m. 0.428, –x = 0.332). Distribution: Trypauchenichthys larsonae is only Description: As for genus except as follows: Total known from waters near the Northern Territory, elements in dorsal fin 58-62 (–x = 60.0); total ele - Australia. ments in anal fin 46-50 (–x = 47.9); pelvic-fin rays Etymology: The trivial name honors Helen K. I, 3-I, 4 (–x = I, 3.6); pectoral-fin rays 16-19 Larson of the Northern Territory Museum who has

A

B

Fig. 1. Trypauchenichthys larsonae n. sp . (holotype) from the Northern Territory Australia (NTM S. 12491-005). A) close- up of head showing smooth frontal crest; B) full lateral view. Images by Sandra J. Raredon (USNM).

63 aqua vol. 14 no. 2 - 14 April 2008 Trypauchenichthys larsonae, a new species of amblyopine goby from Australia (Gobiidae: Amblyopinae) with a key to the species in the genus devoted much of her time and energy to the study directed horn-like projection; abdomen with of gobioid fishes and who has helped me on many scales; total elements in anal fin 37-39 (–x = 38.1); occasions in my gobioid studies. total elements in dorsal fin 45-48 (x– = 46.9); lon - gitudinal scale rows 33-42 (–x = 37.7); vertebral count 10+21 or 10+22; total vertebrae 31-32 (–x = Trypauchenichthys sumatrensis Hardenberg, 31.1). Among proportional measurements within 1931 the genus (Table II), T. sumatrensis has the greatest (Figs 2A-B, Tables I-II) ratio between: head length (HL) and SL (0.186- 0.214, –x = 0.198), pectoral-fin length and SL Trypauchenichthys sumatrensis Hardenberg, 1931: (0.055-0.091, –x = 0.075), pectoral-fin length and 417, fig. 7 (type locality, Sumatra, Indonesia). HL (0.275-0.462, –x = 0.376), pectoral-fin length and pelvic-fin length (PEL) (0.878-1.367, Material Examined: Malaysia: USNM 211295, –x = 1.112), body depth and SL (0.135-0.155, 42, 47.0-65.7 mm SL, south of Pu Kendi Island –x = 0.145), predorsal length and SL (0.233-0.262, and Penang Island, 05°11’N 100°10’E, collected –x = 0.247), prepelvic length and SL (0.168-0.197, by F.J. Schwartz, 06 May 1969. –x = 0.184), and preanal length and SL (0.378- Diagnosis: Frontal crest serrated with an anteriorly- 0.424, –x = 0.396).

A

B

Fig. 2. Trypauchenichthys sumatrensis from the Strait of Malacca (USNM 211295). A) close-up of head showing serrated frontal crest with anteriorly-directed horn-like projection; B) full lateral view. Images by Sandra J. Raredon (USNM). aqua vol. 14 no. 2 - 14 April 2008 64 Edward O. Murdy

Table II. Ranges and means of selected morphometric measures of Trypauchenichthys . Head length and pelvic-fin length are abbreviated as HL and PEL, respectively.

Morphometric measure T. larsonae T. sumatrensis T. typus n mean range n mean range n mean range

Standard length/TL 8 0.861 0.842-0.888 3 0.835 0.805-0.861 2 0.836 0.835-0.837 Head length (HL)/SL 10 0.169 0.154-0.179 9 0.198 0.186-0.214 2 0.162 0.157-0.167 Pelvic-fin length (PEL)/SL 10 0.056 0.041-0.076 9 0.068 0.062-0.072 2 0.083 0.082-0.084 Pelvic-fin length/HL 10 0.332 0.254-0.428 9 0.342 0.313-0.383 2 0.512 0.500-0.524 Pectoral-fin length/SL 20 0.044 0.035-0.053 13 0.075 0.055-0.091 2 0.033 0.030-0.036 Pectoral-fin length/HL 20 0.260 0.225-0.312 13 0.376 0.275-0.462 2 0.196 0.177-0.215 Pectoral-fin length/PEL 20 0.805 0.529-1.103 9 1.112 0.878-1.367 2 0.392 0.354-0.430 Head width/SL 10 0.087 0.073-0.098 9 0.097 0.092-0.108 2 0.063 0.062-0.064 Snout length/SL 10 0.035 0.032-0.045 9 0.043 0.036-0.048 2 0.033 0.025-0.041 Jaw length/SL 10 0.050 0.041-0.061 9 0.057 0.048-0.064 2 0.040 0.039-0.041 Interorbital width/SL 10 0.027 0.020-0.030 9 0.030 0.026-0.038 2 0.026 0.025-0.027 Nape width/SL 10 0.064 0.055-0.079 9 0.066 0.059-0.071 2 0.050 0.048-0.051 Body depth/SL 10 0.120 0.109-0.128 9 0.145 0.135-0.155 2 0.106 0.105-0.107 Predorsal length/SL 10 0.209 0.202-0.216 9 0.247 0.233-0.262 2 0.193 0.187-0.199 Prepelvic length/SL 10 0.175 0.152-0.202 8 0.184 0.168-0.199 2 0.156 0.150-0.161 Preanal length/SL 10 0.357 0.318-0.384 8 0.396 0.378-0.424 2 0.333 0.326-0.341

Description: As for genus except as follows: Pelvic- Koumans (1940) stated that he visited the Labo - fin rays I,2-I,4 (–x = I,2.7); pectoral-fin rays 16-19 ratorium voor het Onderzoek der Zee, Batavia and (–x = 16.5); anal-fin pterygiophores preceding the might have examined the type, which was in poor first hemal spine 3 (–x = 3.0). condition at the time of his visit; the current sta - Color when fresh: No fresh specimens or tus of type material for this species is unknown. images of fresh specimens were available. Based on According to Hardenberg (1931), all specimens in the original description (Hardenberg 1931) and the original description had five dorsal-fin spines another report (Koumans 1941), T. sumatrensis is and 37 to 41 dorsal-fin rays. All of the specimens reddish or pinkish when fresh. examined in this study had six dorsal-fin spines Color in alcohol: Head and body whitish and 39 to 42 dorsal-fin rays. Given that six dorsal- or tannish; fins translucent. fin spines is the typical count in amblyopines, I Ecology: In the original description, Hardenberg believe Hardenberg’s count of dorsal-fin spines (1931) stated that T. sumatrensis was collected at was in error. river mouths in the same habitat as Trypauchen . Field notes provided by the collector of USNM 211295 indicated that platycephalids and trichi - Trypauchenichthys typus Bleeker, 1860 urids were also captured with T. sumatrensis ; this (Fig. 3, Tables I-II) collection was made at a depth of 3-4 m. Distribution: Trypauchenichthys sumatrensis is Trypauchenichthys typus Bleeker, 1860: 63 (type known from waters along the west coast of locality, Sungi-duri, Indonesia). Malaysia and the east coast of Sumatra and from the mouth of the Hooghly river in India Material Examined: Sungi-duri (western Bor - (Koumans 1941). neo), Indonesia: RMNH 4808, lectotype of Try - Remarks: The original description of T. suma - pauchenichthys typus Bleeker, 94.6 mm SL; trensis was based on four specimens, one of which RMNH 35559, paralectotype of Trypauchenichthys was 6.3 cm TL and may represent the type. typus Bleeker, 106.0 mm SL.

65 aqua vol. 14 no. 2 - 14 April 2008 Trypauchenichthys larsonae, a new species of amblyopine goby from Australia (Gobiidae: Amblyopinae) with a key to the species in the genus

Diagnosis: Frontal crest smooth; abdomen with - (0.030-0.036, –x = 0.033), pectoral-fin length and out scales; vertebral count 11+29 or 11+30; total HL (0.177-0.215, –x = 0.196), pectoral-fin length vertebrae 40- 41; longitudinal scale rows 60-65 and pelvic-fin length (PEL) (0.354-0.430, (–x = 63). Among proportional measurements –x = 0.392), head width and SL (0.062-0.064, within the genus (Table II), T. typus has the great - –x = 0.063), body depth and SL (0.105-0.107, est ratio between: pelvic-fin length (PEL) and SL –x = 0.106), predorsal length and SL (0.187-0.199, (0.082-0.084, –x = 0.083), and PEL and head –x = 0.193), prepelvic length and SL (0.150-0.161, length (HL) (0.500-0.524, –x = 0.512), and the –x = 0.156), and preanal length and SL (0.326- least ratio between: pectoral-fin length and SL 0.341, –x = 0.333). [As more specimens of this

A

B

Fig. 3. Lectotype (RMNH 4808) of Trypauchenichthys typus from Kalimantan, Indonesia. A) closeup of head showing smooth frontal crest; B) full lateral view. Images by Koos van Egmond (RMNH). aqua vol. 14 no. 2 - 14 April 2008 66 Edward O. Murdy species are examined and measured, the above certain details of eye anatomy and Nalani Schnell ratios may cha nge significantly.] made digital images of the eye. Description: As for genus except as follows: Total This study was supported by the Independent elements in dorsal fin 62-64 (–x = 63.0); total ele - Research/Development Program at the National ments in anal fin 50-52 (–x = 51); pelvic-fin rays Science Foundation (NSF). Any opinion, findings I,2-I,4 (–x = I,3.0); pectoral-fin rays 16 (–x = 16.0); and conclusions or recommendations expressed in anal-fin pterygiophores preceding the first hemal this material are those of the author and do not spine 3 or 4 (–x = 3.5). necessarily reflect the views of NSF. Color when fresh: No fresh specimens or images of fresh specimens were available. The orig - REFERENCES inal description (Bleeker 1860) stated the body of AKIHITO , P RINCE , H AYASHI , M., Y OSHINO , T., S HIMADA , T. typus was rose-colored and the fins were reddish K. & S ENOU , H. 1984. Suborder Gobioidei. In: The hy aline. Fishes of the Japanese Archipelago (eds Masuda, H., Color in alcohol : Head and body whitish Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T., and Yoshino, T.): 236- or tannish; fins translucent. 289, pls. 235-258, 353-355. Tokai University Press, Ecology: The type material was collected from a Tokyo. BIRDSONG , R. S., M URDY , E. O. & P EZOLD , F. L. 1988. A brackish water river (Bleeker 1860). Bleeker (l.c.) study of the vertebral column and median fin osteology added that T. typus was found in habitats similar to in gobioid fishes with comments on gobioid relation - . ships. Bulletin of Marine Science 42: 174-214. Distribution: The types of T. typus were col - BLEEKER , P. 1860. Dertiende bijdrage tot de kennis der vis - lected from western Borneo, Indonesia. Other chfauna van Borneo. Acta Societatis Scientarium Indo- reported localities are: Songkhla, Thailand (Hora Neerlandicae 8: 1-64. 1924); the Cagayan Islands, Philippines (Herre BLEEKER , P. 1983. Atlas Ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Néêrlandaises; plates originally prepared for planned tomes 1927); Matang, Sarawak (Koumans 1953); and XI-XIV. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington. 22 the Riau Archipelago (Koumans 1940). pp and 156 plates. Remarks: Only the syntypes were available for HARDENBERG , J. D. F. 1931. Some new or rare fishes of the this study. I designate one of the syntypes Indo-Australian Archipelago. Treubia Buitenzorg 13: (RMNH 4808) as lectotype and the other 411-419. (RMNH 35559) as paralectotype. Other speci - HERRE , A. W. C. T. 1927. Gobies of the Philippines and mens I examined that were identified as Try - the China Sea. Monograph of the Bureau of Science , pauchenichthys typus did not match the diagnostic Manila, 23 : 1-352. HORA , S. L. 1924. Zoological results of a tour in the Far features of the types. East. Fish of the Tale Sap, Peninsular Siam. Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal VI (part 2): 479-500. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS KOTTELAT , M., W HITTEN , A. J., K ARTIKASARI , S. N. & Numerous individuals aided this study in the WIRJOATMODJO , S. 1993. Freshwater Fishes Of Western loan and exchange of specimens, or in other Indonesia And Sulawesi . Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri diverse ways. For their contributions I am grateful: Lanka, Colombo, 259 pp. Mark McGrouther (AMS); Helen Larson and KOUMANS , F. P. 1931 A preliminary revision of the genera Karen Coombes (NTM); Koos van Egmond, of the gobioid fishes with united ventral fins. Proefschrift, Martien van Oijen, and Ronald de Ruiter Lisse, 174 pp. KOUMANS , F. P. 1940. Results of a reexamination of types (RMNH); and Kris Murphy, Lisa Palmer, Lynne and specimens of gobioid fishes, with notes on the fish - Parenti, and Shirleen Smith (USNM). Richard fauna [sic] of the surroundings of Batavia. Zoologische Vari (USNM) graciously provided laboratory Mededeelingen (Leiden ) 22: 121-210. space and other amenities. Thanks are due to Jim KOUMANS , F. P. 1941. Gobioid fishes of India. Memoirs of Caras (NSF) for his Adobe Photoshop expertise, the Indian Museum 13: 205-329. and special thanks to Sandra J. Raredon (NMNH) KOUMANS , F. P. 1953. Gobioidea. In: Fishes of the Indo- who expertly radiographed specimens used in this Australian Archipelago , vol. 10. (eds Weber, M. & de study and made digital images of the NMNH and Beaufort, L. F.): XIII+423 pp. E.J. Brill, Leiden. LEVITON , A. E., G IBBS , R. H., H EAL , E. & D AWSON , C. E. NTM specimens illustrated herein. Rick Winter - 1985. Standards in herpetology and ichthyology: part 1. bottom (ROM) provided valuable comments on Standard symbolic codes for institutional resource collec - an earlier version of this manuscript. Dave John - tions in herpetology and ichthyology. Copeia 1985 (3) : son and Nalani Schnell (both USNM) confirmed 802-832.

67 aqua vol. 14 no. 2 - 14 April 2008 Trypauchenichthys larsonae, a new species of amblyopine goby from Australia (Gobiidae: Amblyopinae) with a key to the species in the genus

MURDY , E. O. 1989. A taxonomic revision and cladistic Trypauchen (Gobiidae: Amblyopinae). Zootaxa 1343 : analysis of the oxudercine gobies (Gobiidae: Oxuderci - 55-68. nae). Records of the Australian Museum , Supplement 11 : MURDY , E. O. & S HIBUKAWA , K. 2001. A revision of the 1-93. gobiid fish genus (Gobiidae: Ambly - MURDY , E. O. 2006. A Revision of the Gobiid Fish Genus opinae). Ichthyological Research 48 : 31-43.

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