The Linacre Quarterly

Volume 33 | Number 2 Article 14

May 1966 The opP e John XXI International Prize for Medical Ethics Eugene G. Laforet

Follow this and additional works at: http://epublications.marquette.edu/lnq

Recommended Citation Laforet, Eugene G. (1966) "The opeP John XXI International Prize for Medical Ethics," The Linacre Quarterly: Vol. 33 : No. 2 , Article 14. Available at: http://epublications.marquette.edu/lnq/vol33/iss2/14 o c e tude of the Cath lic Do ­ The Po e John XXI "Th Atti ob e p I nterj tional c l m of· Birth . tor Fa ing the Pr b a e Du lin Prize For Medical Ed Control" w s r ad at the �s es 1958 Dr. congr s in 1954. In te EUGENE G. LAFORET ar es e a s Hungary wro ' M · D · Ch l Me z ro of c e a s o e o b t o e e has t . te h si o f. the Do tor · P hr p n wh r h a r n "R sp nsi ili y a e ace bet ee t � l r- p y c t the. :1ive sity of Siena e e a d ete n t as r . ac World" nd r ­ f w n ime n i ri F ing th Mod m e so ce u c t e� I w p oba' du ng this perioo e he gra ed as b e a t e ve at t Bruss ls con· f lly obs ur r;;:f n . ;nmulae Logicales, cei d th prize a ress e a d s hat h wrot'- · · e e Th l n · o o a a a a ic X Intern tional Cong of St · aIgn m t o f L y I gr ss. Th o o t es a . a o gramm r form l log that a e n n d S . f e a ta e o ularit in Lond n in 1962, o d o Ther a o Avil l� I s th m in w s h ld a f s a o 1 s and in d g p p y for sev· c c n went t an f Mo es M im :1 de e al e u Liber de Oculo whi h o casio the ward us u i a s t c r c nt rie d Amat L s t nus M y 1 s. and ec- a t a e o o o THE AWARD c es a s cia· s a d sc re tis n c cal phthalm logy'. I ·i sts, phy . . t st he i r Petrus a s a a i n n 1en 1 s, In s the a e d h e . sula 1268 )J ne med cal adviso, Hisp nu w ll h v foun t on t o e ec e o e e e a e p mn c - o P p p l nds · c t s o s e · a eds Gree, X whose two sue· ysician to b om P g m I ' ea h o hi wn p c1 J ne ess s n a d ta a a b c u u e e en o b e a . c or , I noic. ·, V n Adrian V, tpecial s sym oli B . a s u ed b t n s ture t niqu v f r l n w p - r l brie1 e ca s us s a est u Meeti g at of m di l ethics. r s Hi pan : phy o o e dea an a e b a o ici n ' pri � so � st esso o fIcal - n th th r,.dri V, the Con· be al h v een t � mI logi , , prof s st r should e o e ce r f hp Y� i o y c� a sou a aco o st o 1. a of ials elected Petrus is rc f· spe­ sci n , ph rm e a c romise of e d l gi , I g c1 n, Hisp e o e as hn . a o h s �nus- s,. tally omp P rtagu s .7 It an - J0 XXI· -vic a d d a e to th r r f C n· t · c n i t e-to the nex,tpope. He seemed a a u ed the p rticularly app o- ss m r ,e of John and was to the tu e soc a BIOGRAPHICAL d at al r Por gu se As i tion NOTE �rowne the �athedr of Vite bo lie s t a e e Phy icians tha n In­ he so o m S pt mber J. /6. Prize o d c T n f a s. .1a t al f r Me ical Ethi s e a Ph y _1c n, Pe er e s th Sp niard a bo m sb Duri his : >rt pontificate John and s ed by th A � w s m Li on in ng · spon or o o 1215 an e a he t e d st t o XXI made stn, l;ous and, by many should e named in h n r as w n lit l i inc i n b ea ue ade �et e a a d sta d ds t t ot nd o w � w en Sp in o n ar , fruit,- J effor s o promote compatri a c ll g . u te st n P r- ea e o a i e e o t gal . 1 Af r udying at the t p c am ng Ciristi n pr nces. He In July 1951, th Pop J hn d a sch o _ C h e­ e t at a a e o ed r l o l in his native 1t � e also n go i ed with the Greeksfor lntern tion l Priz f r M ical a u ated c f, h o o e n a ed m tric l at th e . e s a uni n f the 1,ast r nd Western was formally establish at i he U mv r ity of u a e s o Par s w r h e wa a el Oh rches, a go:!l th t remains un· V International Congr s f o e s f low-pupil ea ed h s of R r � aco a s dent o r liz a after is ans Pari . The n nd tu f m ny centuries Physici in a e t s a a de d t the st tut t e Alb r t M gnus ath. As he irec ed r as con i ed at h P ris es d nd w·11·I iam a o o e a Shyr woo . 3 He e ud1ed. o i p�ep ration f and himself supe · consisted of a br nze m d l - John In­ theo o r h ! � c, a s o 000 The Pope XXI l a d : t ed c1 hat e his most a d e s f 5, F1GURE I. Ethics. gy, n prob b y m ¥Ised w was p rh p · I) n th um d for Medical thou h so e b v h 1 ne, s us Pauper· e a ternational Prize g m at h s a famou work, th<' Thesaur offe nni lly. A ­ a o b c n 1 · i _ form l e red quadr e er lli n y o ­ ed cal e ca ��� :,: btamed a ho e iz· e ec se of bronze med, o a m i du t at �m, m medical guid emphas h by th S retariat Int r- Obv e a s e o e s e d at o e te se rti t Joa d l u t ous acu o t t e t Althoug d mporary Portugu a a th m r i l s ri f l� mg r a m n and iet.4 des Me ecins C h liqu s o e s l e etu Y of M nt­ o e c ls, e o a e P trus Hisp nus pe li t a t concoctions a comp - Silva, sh wing h r. R min g to or ug l, Pe rus n n of his therapeuti n int rnati n l o e with t e too o de / a ou h s u ved b clu the ou a s o XXI. Appearing o k H ly Or rs a s rvi to e in ded in lsheld r ye r n an P p John e e e e to . rom b t 1249 e aco· every f caduce th y ars f e c . e e a o t United States Pharm t e e c ed us to the l ft ar h 1263 h oc upi d curr n opic Th s le t paper a d eat th ch ir f he e . ese d s h On the rig t --- 5 for re· and a a hi birth n d . o a ta peia, str ssed the need the w rd pr nte at u s Dr. L foret is Assis nt . l'1� 1cal ea ed t t he ea urm unts the C Professor e e rmine the a o ess s l of Port gal se of Surgery, Boston u mt p t xp riments to de e tet:11ation l C ngr of Ca h­ t o e eve U � _v� y School of e a e a o s o Th r r de­ Me c c a insisted ys1e1an. s. e arm f J hn XXL di ine;. Asso i te V1s1tmg . S urgeon for ffic cy of n w drugs and Th prize w s w n e c u e e Th ac that a a a l a e c .n of Christ or 1c Surgery B t al tria e th s ript ral sc n City Hospi al · hum n rather th n nim first tim by Dr. I. Bal gu r­ pi ts e and � �!t e a ho e o cu (Luk 18:41-42). University H spi , Boston. Mass . was th ultim te test. 6 of Spain, w s paper n ring the blind 150 151 LINACR E QUARTERLY 1966 :;1e �nited States for a paper on 4 Ober, W. B. Conway, A. J.: John The Hope ess ase ABORTION l ' C · "8 The th eme XXI-ophtl· ilogist, professor of e Eng 0f t h e XI Int ema tional C ongress, to physic, pop . . J. Med. 273:3940 III . 1965. Part b·e h e Id m Manila from Nov b em er J.C.L. RT. REV. MSGR. PAUL V. HARRINGTON, 2 to th' i s ear s . 5 t 6 y ' i "The pop I u a t10n which akes view of su h medica­ i . c of bills that would be ni­ p rob le m and the Doctor ·" n E n t e ments as a ·rhoid ointment made and disillusioning support · s frightening ividual State . by boiling ", tiated before the i nd are mv1te d for the fourth award o f ' worm found undera extent to which important rough stone" 1seed oil. embly or Legislature. the P e J ohn XXI Inte a al e ical societies and Ass . op rn tion tial m d eilenson, a 6 e In 1965, Anthony C. B pnz e fo Medical Ethics a u Pr ss, H. A .. ·s hazards: undue em­ h edical profession : , p rtic l ars of t e m introduced phasis hanr i Issues awyer and legislator, re concemmg which may b e had o medic ne. in aged in advocating l from: Current Me ''ractice y eng ss in C al- e' 1:2-7 1964. efore the St ate A embly the liberalization of b s rting would bring Jo e A. Faria, M.D. 7 t i a a measure which In 1886 he :i: 'uese Ambassador to the laws t e national, state . forni on h to a in Associa s , wi law with reference bortion i;ao do Medicos assistance of Popela> evious reference the t level. Pr ith cur­ XIII, erec ed \' monument at Viterbo t tate into conformity w Portugueses en attempt of tha S to the memo Petru s Hispanus, term· to the rec t an.d ent medical practice. Kummer Campo s in stees of the Ameri- r do Martires da g him "Ma lux" of And of Tru t e ill "clearly i e explain that h b n 1929 Egas r niz, later t o becomea c i n t o· influence L avy Patria, 43 l Asso iat o es to 0be fol- Nobel la e e s forth the procedur ur at · his work in neurology, e egates to "take a s t of D l ns nd l aw en­ Lisbon - I, Portugal was moved t, iLe a biography of h� l ed by physicia a ing more liberal ow countryman 'v' .this was stand urg e herapeutic l,ecame pope; forcement officials wh n t reprinted ndo da Medicina, and sterilization laws." The in , pub- b e i ndicated. It e s- abo rtion may lish d in Li� in I 940 by Livraria account stated "the Tru se REFERENCES ntrols a gainst abu by Bertrand. e a legal provided co a doctor to hav hospital u ing approval from 8 e i if the req ir e Th "hopele Arch. Int. Mtd. perform an abort on 1 P ter the i a ee e s� ase. u ised by the State Span ard h s b n dog g d he committees s perv t . 112=_:314-326 IS ,: 0 caso "desesperado." would gravely impair t throughou history by confusio ns a out ublic Healt h, or in . b Ac,ao Medica t e Department of P his name e t s s 2,:-:'8-105 1962. or tal health of h · The app lla ion ''Hi panu , ,, men the local district re e . s e cases from app i d tq on born in what 1s now , or if the pregnancy resulted om e i Court. It per­ Portugal s h? u no i l i attorney or Sup r or . .' Id occasion d fficu ty f Incest or rape, or to prevent e st i l t i e ed p hysicians in vi wed m hi or ca con ext H"is meage e mitted only l c ns . r al an ab normal infant."1 Th e as a Johannine pape, h owever, l als to termina t is sti l un- a nst l i censed hospit set co st ite of Delegates voted ag i tled A w rs, he e eas most ·abortion s wh r hould hav: 0�� � t �e e e e th le a i ation of abor- pregnancy, b:;1 w r e g l z i ortant re­ a tatutes lack these mp pparently only 19 Johns ber�r e h�nn. l n 111d sterilization but indicated s t after several fac.' s . s . n ee ctions."2 This bill, on one of hi seals he � d d lDlutions t ese pr oblems s tri t a . for h o out of designa ed s John XX but o� h1s ep1- of study, was rep rted o legislative ac- years taph as John XXI s be s ught by ures Committee . Numerou theories e iminal Proced a e een a t . t e. This th Cr h bv dvanced o explain the d reform in each s at the Ways as allowed to die i n crepancy, none of which e ate that the b ut w has b en fu:f; 1eem to indic ttee and never · · of and Means Commi t e t e al Delegates was in favor er au h n icat d. e floor of the Low 2 and orm but reached th : Pope John XXI· h or statutory ref t io-b" use graphical s t Catholic M:d uart. an active Ho . ke ch. · Q from public d and worth not- 14:109-110 1961. Editor's Note: Or. Laforet was awarded What is important e )962, for his icular bill is the th John XXI MC'dal in Hanington is Vice-Officialis for ing about this part SR1�man, n e al i a " D.: A physician i th paper, "The 'Ho lclcss' Case." ( cf. LQ, s e from the med c l Ann. Med. Hist. 1 of Boston. The fir t part suppart i t r eceiv d chair. 5:291-300 Hi2�: Aug. 1962, e e ­ pp. 126-143.) appeared in LQ, Nov m­ while it w as pending b e profession llld the second portion in th e and e Assembly. Kumm r ary 1966. fore th e b ill received offi­ Traveler, December 2, 1965. Leavy report "th alifornia M. Kummer, M.D. and Zad cial support from the C Therapeutic Abortion Law major state LLB., Medical Association, the , JAMA, January 10, 1966, Vol. cological soci- obstetrical and gyne 2, p.99. ERLf 153 152 LINACRE QUART