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Carbon Dioxide Capture with Amine Functionlized Graphene Oxide

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Carbon Dioxide Capture with Amine Functionlized Graphene Oxide University of Mississippi eGrove Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2015 Carbon Dioxide Capture With Amine Functionlized Graphene Oxide Renee Zeleszki University of Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd Part of the Chemical Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Zeleszki, Renee, "Carbon Dioxide Capture With Amine Functionlized Graphene Oxide" (2015). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 917. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/917 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE WITH AMINE FUNCTIONLIZED GRAPHENE OXIDE A Thesis Presented in partial fulfilment of requirements For the degree of Master of Science In the Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Mississippi By RENEE RAN WEI ZELESZKI August 2015 Copyright Renee Zeleszki 2015 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT Amine functionalized graphene oxide was used as sorbent in order to achieve carbon dioxide capture. In this study, micro size graphite flakes was prepared according to Modified Hummers method and “Hummers’ method with additional KMnO4”. Graphene oxide was then functionalized with ethylenediamine (EDA). Different purification methods for graphene oxide were studied as well as different functionalization method times. Graphite oxide and functionalized graphene oxide has been analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for chemical structure. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to test CO2 capture capacity. Functionalized graphene oxide that has been purified with 30 washes via centrifuge with 72 hour amine functionalization method time had greatest CO2 capture potential with 1.38% weight increase. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis is dedicated to Dr. Chen and CO2 capture group. I want to thank everyone who has helped me with this paper. In particular, I thank Dr. Chen and Dr. Mattern for the idea and help. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ...........................................................................................................................ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................iii LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES ...............................................................................................................vi INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................1 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE ........................................................................................9 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ............................................................................................15 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK ..............................................................................27 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................31 APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................34 VITA ......................................................................................................................................48 iv LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1 pH of graphite oxide after each wash ....................................................................36 TABLE 2 Weight gain with correction ..................................................................................42 v LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1. ............................................................................................................................. 2 FIGURE 2. ............................................................................................................................. 3 FIGURE 3. ............................................................................................................................. 5 FIGURE 4 .............................................................................................................................. 7 FIGURE 5. ............................................................................................................................. 8 FIGURE 6 .............................................................................................................................. 10 FIGURE 7 .............................................................................................................................. 11 FIGURE 8 .............................................................................................................................. 12 FIGURE 9. ............................................................................................................................. 13 FIGURE 10 ............................................................................................................................ 15 FIGURE 11 ............................................................................................................................ 16 FIGURE 12 ............................................................................................................................ 17 FIGURE 13 ............................................................................................................................ 19 FIGURE 14 ............................................................................................................................ 20 FIGURE 15 ............................................................................................................................ 21 FIGURE 16 ............................................................................................................................ 22 vi FIGURE 17 ............................................................................................................................ 23 FIGURE 18 ............................................................................................................................ 24 FIGURE 19 ............................................................................................................................ 25 FIGURE 20 ............................................................................................................................ 26 FIGURE 21 ............................................................................................................................ 28 FIGURE 22 ............................................................................................................................ 36 FIGURE 23 ............................................................................................................................ 38 FIGURE 24 ............................................................................................................................ 40 FIGURE 25 ............................................................................................................................ 41 FIGURE 26 ............................................................................................................................ 42 FIGURE 27 ............................................................................................................................ 44 FIGURE 28 ............................................................................................................................ 46 FIGURE 29 ............................................................................................................................ 47 vi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION I.1. Carbon Dioxide and its effect Carbon Dioxide is one of the most well-known greenhouse gases. Excess CO2 has been emitted into the atmosphere due to human activities. CO2 is currently around 400 ppm (0.04%) in air compared to 1950 which was at around 283 ppm (0.03%) . Before 1950, within the past 650,000 years, CO2 has never exceeded 300ppm. There is strong evidence support of global warming such as increasing sea level, melting of polar ice cap in the North Pole and South Pole, and average global temperature has been rising with more extreme high temperature and less snow (1). Therefore, it is important to reduce CO2 emission, and thus slow down the greenhouse effect. 1 Figure 1 From nasa.gov “This graph, based on the comparison of atmospheric samples contained in ice cores and more recent direct measurements, provides evidence that atmospheric CO2 has increased since the Industrial Revolution. (Credit: Vostok ice core data/J.R. Petit et al.”(1) As shown in Figure 2, human activities such as burning fossil fuel make up 94% of total CO2 emission—where electricity and industry make up 52% of the total emission. The goal of the current work is to target the industry CO2 emission and capture then store/utilize captured CO2(2). 2 Figure 2 From epa.gov “All emission estimates from the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012.”（2） I.2. Some current solutions: I.2.1. Membrane separation: Membrane such as polymeric and metallic membranes can be used to separate CO2 from H2. Polymeric membranes are cheap, but there could be an issue when used with flue gas due to high temperature and potential corrosion from harsh chemicals. Metallic membranes fall into one of the two categories: dense or porous. A dense membrane
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