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People on the Move

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People on the Move Copertina_124.qxp 05/07/16 15:56 Pagina 1 PONTIFICAL COUNCIL FOR THE PASTORAL CARE OF MIGRANTS AND ITINERANT PEOPLE PEOPLE ON THE MOVE MIGRANTS REFUGEES SEAFARERS NOMADS TOURISTS ALL ITINERANTS PEOPLE ONPEOPLE THE MOVE 124 XLVI January - May 2016 n. 124 PEOPLE ON THE MOVE XLVI January - May 2016 N. 124 Comitato Direttivo: Antonio Maria Vegliò, Presidente del PCPMI Joseph Kalathiparambil, Segretario del PCPMI Gabriele F. Bentoglio, Sottosegretario del PCPMI tel. 06.69887131 e-mail: [email protected] Comitato Scientifico: Chiara Amirante, Francis-Vincent Antho- ny, Fabio Baggio, Caterina Boca, Analita Candaten, Velasio De Paolis, Barnabe D’Souza, Christopher Hein, Johan Ketelers, Paolo Morozzo della Rocca, Giancarlo Perego, Brigitte Proksch, Andrea Riccardi, Vincenzo Rosato, Mario Santillo, Giovanni Giulio Valtolina, Stefano Zamagni, Laura Zanfrini, Cataldo Zuccaro. Comitato di Redazione: Assunta Bridi, José Brosel, Bruno Ciceri, Francesca Donà, Antonella Farina, Angelo Forte, Matthew Gardzinski, Angelo Greco, Olivera Grgurevic, Lidia Magni, Alessandra Halina Pander, Maria Paola Roncella, Lambert Tonamou, Robinson Wijesinghe. Segreteria tecnica: Massimo Boi, Giancarlo Cirisano. Amm.ne e Ufficio abb.: Abbonamento Annuo 2016 tel. 06.69887131 fax 06.69887111 Ordinario Italia € 45,00 www.pcmigrants.org Estero (via aerea): Europa € 50,00 Resto del mondo: € 60,00 Stampa: Una copia: € 25,00 Litografia Leberit, Via Aurelia 308 - 00165 Roma Retro_Cop.indd 1 07/07/16 15:33 1 PEOPLE ON THE MOVE Rivista del Pontificio Consiglio della Pastorale per i Migranti e gli Itineranti PubblicazioneM semestrale con due supplementi Breve storia La Costituzione Apostolica Pastor Bonus di Giovanni Paolo II, del 28 giugno 1988,1 nel contesto del riordino generale della Curia Romana, elevava la Pontificia Commissione “de Pastorali Migratorum atque Itinerantium Cura” al rango di Pontificio Consiglio. La Commissione era stata istituita da Paolo VI, il 19 marzo 1970, con il Motu Proprio Apostolicae Caritatis.2 Quell’organismo ereditava, tra altri, anche i compiti dell’Ufficio Migrazione, stabilito in duplice sezione presso la Segreteria di Stato, nel 1946, e l’Ufficio del Delegato per le opere d’emigrazione, creato dalla Costituzione Apostolica Exsul Familia, del primo agosto 1952.3 Questo, a sua volta, aveva preso il posto dell’Ufficio del Prelato per l’emigrazione italiana, costituito con una Notificazione della Concistoriale del 23 Ottobre 1920,4 sotto il pontificato di Benedetto XV. Prima ancora, San Pio X aveva creato presso la Concistoriale l’Ufficio Speciale per l’Emigrazione con il Motu Proprio Cum Omnes Catholicos, del 5 Agosto 1912.5 Ma l’intuizione di istituire un organismo unitario e centrale per l’assistenza ai migranti di ogni nazionalità risale al Beato Vescovo Giovanni Battista Scalabrini. Egli ne espose il progetto a San Pio X in una lettera del 22 luglio 1904 e, più dettagliatamente, in un memoriale del 4 maggio 1905.6 Nell’arco di questa appassionante storia, la Rivista “On the Move. Migrazioni e turismo” uscì con il suo primo numero nel mese di settembre 1971 e mantenne tale titolo fino al numero 47. Con il numero 48, edito nel mese di luglio 1987, cambiò formato e veste tipografica e assunse il titolo che ancora porta attualmente, “People on the Move”, con il desiderio di continuare a “provvedere, nelle misure consentite, al bene spirituale della gente che, ad onde incalzanti, si muove sulle strade del mondo”.7 1 AAS LXXX (1988) 841-930. 2 AAS LXII (1970) 193-197. 3 AAS XLIV (1952) 649-704. 4 Notificazione Esistono in Italia, in AAS XII (1920) 534-535. 5 AAS IV (1912) 526-527. 6 Archivio Generale Scalabriniano 3020/1. 7 C. Confalonieri, “Introduzione”, On the Move 1 (1971) 2. PeopleMove_124_2016.indd 1 11/07/16 12:50 2 People on the Move ~ n. 124 PeopleMove_124_2016.indd 2 11/07/16 12:50 3 PEOPLE ON THE MOVE XLVI January - May 2016 N. 124 Introduzione .......................................................................................... 5 ARTICLES Companion on a Journey. Pastoral Guidance to Migrants ............. 9 Fr. Raniero ALESSANDRINI, C.S. Advocacy on Behalf of Migration Issues: Catholic Religious life Institutes as Ngos at the United Nations ... 31 Fr. Emeka XRIS OBIEZU, OSA DOCUMENTATION Discorso del Santo Padre Francesco ai partecipanti al giubileo dello spettacolo viaggiante Aula Paolo VI, Giovedì, 16 giugno 2016 ............................................ 47 Receiving Refugees and Migrants – Respecting their Rights and Human Dignity ..................................................................................... 55 Cardinal Antonio Maria VEGLIÒ La misericordia e la pace nel contesto delle migrazioni .................. 61 Cardinale Antonio Maria VEGLIÒ Gesù, Maria e Giuseppe costretti a fuggire in Egitto minacciati dalla sete di potere di Erode ............................................. 69 Cardinale Antonio Maria VEGLIÒ Immigrazione e integrazione ............................................................... 77 Cardinale Antonio Maria VEGLIÒ Cooperazione e sviluppo, dignità e diritti nell’era della migrazione .................................................................................... 81 Cardinale Antonio Maria VEGLIÒ Migranti e rifugiati ci interpellano. La risposta del Vangelo della Misericordia ................................................................................. 91 P. Gabriele F. BENTOGLIO, C.S. Religiosi e migrazioni nel XXI secolo: prospettive, sfide e risposte ................................................................. 97 PeopleMove_124_2016.indd 3 11/07/16 12:50 4 People on the Move ~ n. 124 Le migrazioni dei popoli. Segno dei tempi ....................................... 99 Cardinale Prosper GRECH, O.S.A. No al pregiudizio .................................................................................. 103 Il cappellano/missionario dei migranti nei documenti del Magistero della Chiesa ........................................ 105 P. Gabriele F. BENTOGLIO Per una teologia della speranza .......................................................... 119 P. Gabriele F. BENTOGLIO MESSAGES Visit of His Holiness Pope Francis to Lesvos (Greece), 16 April 2016 .... 195 Istanbul World Humanitarian Summit .................................................. 245 Attività del Pontificio Consiglio durante il 2015 .............................. 263 PeopleMove_124_2016.indd 4 11/07/16 12:50 Introduzione 5 Introduzione Il fenomeno migratorio presenta molti aspetti negativi. Spesso, per esempio, porta come conseguenza la separazione delle famiglie; inoltre può essere occasione di contrabbando e di sfruttamento di persone; di tratta, in diversi casi, soprattutto di donne e bambini, da parte di perso- ne senza scrupoli, creandosi così nuove forme di schiavitù. Le migra- zioni possono anche causare tensioni sociali collegate all’integrazione o meno degli immigrati e il sorgere di discriminazione, razzismo e xe- nofobia – realtà diverse ma con gli stessi effetti –, soprattutto quando la presenza dei nuovi arrivati senza documenti è forte. Ma non ci dobbiamo fermare solo alle questioni che gettano ombra su questo fenomeno. L’emigrazione non è solo un problema, ma può diventare un’opportunità, ha ripetuto spesso il Magistero della Chiesa, e Papa Francesco lo ha ribadito in diverse occasioni. Migranti, richiedenti asilo e rifugiati possono offrire un importante contributo nella società di arrivo. Difatti per essi è doveroso rispettare l’identità e le leggi del Paese di destino, impegnarsi per una giusta in- tegrazione in esso e impararne la lingua. Occorre avere stima e rispetto per il Paese ospitante, fino a giungere ad amarlo e difenderlo. La socie- tà, infatti, è anche frutto delle mutue relazioni esistenti tra i suoi compo- nenti, e dunque anche tra immigrati e autoctoni, dipendenti della loro capacità di dialogare per giungere al reciproco arricchimento creando così una società “nuova” per tutti. Certamente la parola dialogo è diventata una delle accezioni mag- giormente soggette a usura, a inflazione: qualcuno la confonde addi- rittura con una semplice conversazione. Dialogo è invece, soprattutto, confronto, interazione, capacità di ascoltare e di entrare nella visione dell’altro, disponibilità ad accoglierlo, senza semplicismi e superficia- lità e senza perdere la propria identità. Il dialogo poi non si riduce a cosa intellettuale, ma soprattutto deve coinvolgere la vita vissuta, e va espresso magari con un semplice gesto di rispetto, di saluto, di soli- darietà, di fraternità. Il vero incontro, infatti, non avviene tra culture astrattamente considerate, ma tra persone concrete, che pure hanno la loro cultura e la loro religione: parte cioè dal vissuto delle persone stes- se, dalla loro esperienza quotidiana in famiglia, sul lavoro, nella scuo- la. In questo modo è possibile colmare quel deficit di cittadinanza e di coscienza mondiale, di “responsabilità collettiva” che è alla base, oggi, di alcuni movimenti di violenza, considerata come unica soluzione di inveterati problemi. PeopleMove_124_2016.indd 5 11/07/16 12:50 6 People on the Move ~ n. 124 In tutto questo, continua ad essere molto forte la preoccupazione della Chiesa per i profughi, i rifugiati e i migranti. Il suo impegno si manifesta nella concretezza delle iniziative umanitarie realizzate dalle istituzioni ecclesiali come le commissioni episcopali e diocesane, le as- sociazioni di volontariato, i gruppi di laici impegnati e le strutture delle parrocchie e degli istituti religiosi. La Santa Sede, in particolare, non ha mai smesso
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