Technical Article: “Swaging” by Boris Bally SNAG – June 2013

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Technical Article: “Swaging” by Boris Bally SNAG – June 2013 Technical Article: “Swaging” by Boris Bally SNAG – June 2013 I am very honored to have been personally involved in the process outlined in this article by Boris Bally. My initial experiences in metalsmithing happened when Boris hired me as a studio assistant. He patiently educated me in the refinement and attention to detail that his studio work required and I am eternally grateful for that amazing opportunity and mentoring I received. During our Fall 2012 semester here at the University of North Texas, Boris was a visiting artist and he demonstrated this swaging technique, accompanied by a clear and concise handout (of course!). He was then willing to expand on the handout to create this article. I hope you enjoy and appreciate this information and beautiful work as much as I have. –James Thurman, Technical Article Editor History One of my favorite methods for designing new work is to accept a challenge. The 1994 SNAG Portland Conference sported the Annual ‘Pin Swap’ and I decided to make a series of brooches. At the time, I had an abundance of reflective, aluminum traffic sign shards left over from my other larger-scale studio explorations (Transit Chairs!). I started thinking about the various ways to make these colorful scraps wearable. The answer seemed so basic but was entirely elusive: I simply needed a way to connect a pin-stem, or brooch finding. However, based on the base- aluminum, I could not make a durable connection with standard chemical bonding, welding or soldering. To be a lasting connection, it had to be some sort of a cold-joining technique. Drawing on a production technique I learned while apprenticing in Switzerland in the late ‘70s– of setting round diamonds with a tightly- fitting steel hollow-punch with a single blow- I started exploring. I remember loving the Swiss Basler Mardi Gras Badges, “Fasnachts Plaketten,” which I collected over the years (1). These were usually made of softer materials such as a pewter or white metal. The common safety pin style brooch finding was attached by smashing a few pieces of the base metal around the wire pin back in several strategic locations trapping the pin. I started by experimenting with various ‘alternative’ means of attachment, commercially available findings, different types of ‘seatings’ and even started teaching myself how to make basic tools to push the aluminum into the right position. Once I figured out a few basics, I was rewarded with a four-blow setting over a tie-tack pin and immediately went into small-scale production. My assistant at the time, former Carnegie Mellon University design student James Thurman, helped me produce the quantities I needed for the SNAG Pin Swap. Since then, the basis of the swaging technique has evolved, through various incremental changes, into a more practical, quicker and effective means of attachment. In 2000, I developed the defining series of D.P.W. Brooches®. These became commercially viable while being very wearable, and at the time, provocative. This series helped me win a 1999 Rhode Island Design Fellowship and then in 2001, Tim McCreight and Nicole Bsullak published their book, Color on Metal (2), the first official published specimen of my swaging technique and shows the original four-point method. Since then, numerous metals designers and metalsmiths have asked me how on earth was I able to make such a clean, strong connection. Many assumed incorrectly that it must be a soldering or spot-welding technique. At the time, several artists were into recycling (my designs) and so I was reluctant to share the specifics of the swaging. Last year I was invited by Michael Boyd and COMA and again by Professor James Thurman of the University of North Texas to demonstrate ‘a technique.’ I decided enough time had elapsed to feel comfortable sharing technical tricks and trade secrets again! Upon Thurman’s recommendation, I am submitting this to SNAG. (1) http://www.baslerfasnacht.ch/plaketten.cfm (2) Color on Metal,by Tim McCreight and Nicole Bsullak, Guild Publishing, ISBN #1-893164- 06-3, pages 100-101 Demo: Swaging is a forging process in which the dimensions of an item are altered using a die or dies, into which the item is forced. Swaging is usually a cold working process. However, it may be done as a hot working process. The term “swage” can apply to the process of swaging (verb), or to a die or tool used for swaging (noun). In 2000, I developed this method specifically for attaching pin findings to re-purposed traffic signs, enabling me to use the colorful, reflective fragments as brooches. My technique works best on the soft, thick (usually 2.5mm +) aluminum traffic sign sheet. You will need: hammer (ball-peen or dead-blow), 1/8” drill bit, drill press (best) or flex shaft, three hollow- punches as outlined below, side cutters, 7/16” long x 0.045” diameter tie tack Posts (RGA #661210) with a 3mm pad, tie tack clutches (RGA #631234 0.045” or similar), abrasive pad. Making the Punches: Buy a large, common nail set tool set (Home Depot) or concave chasing tool set from a jeweler’s supplier. My favorite punches were commissioned and made by Valentin Yotkov (http://www.valentinyotkov.com) twelve years ago. Shape 3 punches by first annealing them to take out their temper. Use a 1.5mm bit with lots of coolant fluid and slowly drill into center of each punch by hand (on a small lathe is best for centering hole) at least as deep as the tie tack posts’ length (mine are over 14mm deep). Then grind with various ball-burrs, preferably diamond-grit, to create 3 concave punches of incrementally varying depth (0.9mm deepest, next 0.7mm, and finally 0.3mm). Polish the insides and edges of the punches (white-diamond/ buffing wheel). Re-temper the heads of the tools. Now they are ready to use for swaging the tie tack posts! 1. Re-sharpen a standard 1/8” diameter (approx. 3.2mm) drill bit to have a duller point angle of 150 degrees (standard is ca 118 degrees). The larger this angle becomes, the deeper you will be able to drill into the material. The more material will be able to grip the pin when it is set. Now drill a ‘blind’ hole, at least 1 mm deep, being VERY careful not to drill all the way through. Prepare the tie tack posts by clipping away the protruding ‘nib’ on the pad. 2. Place tie tack post, pad-first, into drilled hole. Carefully position the first, deepest of the three punches over the pin. Be certain punch is centered. Use hammer: strike tool firmly, securing the finding by bringing a burr of metal toward the center pin while beginning to cover the pad. Note: from this point on, the secure pin can hurt you- handle with care! 3. Position the second of the three punches over the pin. Use the same hammer to strike the tool and push the metal down farther over the pad of the finding. 4. Position the last, flattest of the three punches over the pin. Lightly, use a hammer to strike tool and burnish the metal down flat, hiding the finding’s pad beneath a layer of polished metal. 5. Using a piece of abrasive pad, rotate around the pin, creating a shining, abraded finish. Now the pin is ready to attach! Finally, you are ready to attach the clutch to secure and protect against the sharp pin. Copyright Boris Bally, 2013 SWAGING DEMO © Boris Bally 2012 Swaging is a forging process in which the dimensions of an item are altered using a die or dies, into which the item is forced. Swaging is usually a cold working process; however, it may be done as a hot working process. The term swage can apply to the process of swaging (verb), or to a die or tool used for swaging (noun). In 2000, I developed this method specifically for attaching pin findings to re-purposed traffic signs, enabling me to use the colorful, reflective fragments as brooches. My technique works best on the soft, thick (usually 2.5mm +) aluminum traffic sign sheet. You will need: hammer (ball-peen or dead-blow), 1/8” drill bit, drill press (best) or flex shaft, three hollow-punches as outlined below, side cutters, 7/16” long x 0.045” diameter tie tack Posts (RGA #661210) with a 3mm pad, tie tack clutches (RGA #631234 0.045” or similar), abrasive pad. Making the Punches: Buy a large, common nail set tool set (Home Depot) or concave chasing tool set from a jeweler’s supplier. My favorite punches were commissioned and made by Valentin Yotkov (http://www.valentinyotkov.com) twelve years ago. Shape 3 punches by first annealing them to take out their temper. Use a 1.5mm bit with lots of coolant fluid and slowly drill into center of each punch by hand (on a small lathe is best for centering hole) at least as deep as the tie tack posts’ length (mine are over 14mm deep). Then grind with various ball-burrs, preferably diamond-grit, to create 3 concave punches of incrementally varying depth (0.9mm deepest, next 0.7mm, and finally 0.3mm). Polish the insides and edges of the punches (white-diamond/ buffing wheel). Re-temper the heads of the tools. Now they are ready to use for swaging the tie tack posts! 1 Re-sharpen a standard 1/8” diameter (approx. 3.2mm) drill bit to have a duller point angle of 150 degrees (standard is ca 118 degrees) the larger this angle becomes, the deeper you will be able to drill into the material> the more material will be able to grip the pin when it is set.
Recommended publications
  • Numerical Control (NC) Fundamentals
    Lab Sheet for CNC Laboratory Department of Production Engineering and Metallurgy Prepared by: Dr. Laith Abdullah Mohammed Production Engineering – CNC Lab Lab Sheet Numerical Control (NC) Fundamentals What is Numerical Control (NC)? Form of programmable automation in which the processing equipment (e.g., machine tool) is controlled by coded instructions using numbers, letter and symbols - Numbers form a set of instructions (or NC program) designed for a particular part. - Allows new programs on same machined for different parts. - Most important function of an NC system is positioning (tool and/or work piece). When is it appropriate to use NC? 1. Parts from similar raw material, in variety of sizes, and/or complex geometries. 2. Low-to-medium part quantity production. 3. Similar processing operations & sequences among work pieces. 4. Frequent changeover of machine for different part numbers. 5. Meet tight tolerance requirements (compared to similar conventional machine tools). Advantages of NC over conventional systems: Flexibility with accuracy, repeatability, reduced scrap, high production rates, good quality. Reduced tooling costs. Easy machine adjustments. More operations per setup, less lead time, accommodate design change, reduced inventory. Rapid programming and program recall, less paperwork. Faster prototype production. Less-skilled operator, multi-work possible. Limitations of NC: · Relatively high initial cost of equipment. · Need for part programming. · Special maintenance requirements. · More costly breakdowns. Advantages
    [Show full text]
  • Blacksmith's Journal Index
    BLACKSMITH’S JOURNAL INDEX VOLUME 1 - 19 EXTENDABLE, WALL 1827 146 MAR-03 13 TOPIC PAGE ISSUE DATE VOL HINGED 1983 158 MAR-04 14 SQUARE CANDLE, FOR A 2011 160 MAY-04 14 ABANA 2k GATE PROJECT CANDLESTICK 695 56 APR-95 5 OVERVIEW 1182 95 JUL-98 8 TOM LATANE’S 1351 110 OCT-99 10 IDEA DRAWINGS 1197 97 SEP-98 9 4-PART BUNDLE 2287 180 JAN-06 16 CONCEPTUAL DRAWINGS 1221 99 NOV-98 9 CHAIN 839 68 APR-96 6 CHANGES 1261 102 FEB-99 9 DECORATIVE 1997 84 AUG-97 8 IMPROVEMENTS 1288 104 APR-99 9 DECORATIVE 2024 161 JUN-04 14 JOINERY DETAILS 1319 107 JUL-99 9 DECORATIVE 1662 134 MAR-02 12 FOUNDATION 1358 109 SEP-99 10 CHANDELIER 690 56 APR-95 5 UPDATE 1454 118 JUN-00 10 CHANNEL HEEL BAR 1464 119 JUL-00 10 FORGING 13 1 SEP-90 1 WORKSHOP PHOTOS 1466 119 JUL-00 10 CHISEL ANCHOR PLATE, OFFSET 2691 209 JUN-08 18 MASON’S 1437 117 MAY-00 10 ANDIRON 385 32 APR-93 3 SCULPTOR’S 487 40 DEC-93 4 ASYMMETRICAL 2757 214 NOV-08 18 CLAMP COLLARED BRACKET 2311 182 MAR-06 16 BAR 1287 105 MAY-99 9 ANGLE IRON QUICK C 2297 181 FEB-06 16 SCALE (FOR WEIGHING) 2527 197 JUN-07 17 SCROLL JIG 2364 185 JUN-06 16 VARIATIONS 415 34 JUN-93 3 SPRING 2231 176 SEP-05 15 ANIMALS SPLIT-CAUL C 2300 181 FEB-06 16 ANGLE IRON EAGLE 1335 108 AUG-99 10 CLEVIS 1399 114 FEB-00 10 LIZARD 1273 103 MAR-99 9 COAT RACK 1545 126 FEB-01 11 SERPENT HEAD 1081 87 NOV-97 8 SWIVEL TOP 2304 181 FEB-06 16 ANVIL COLD SHUTS 341 28 DEC-92 3 ACCESSORIES 1167 94 JUN-98 8 COLLARS 209 18 FEB-92 2 MINIATURE 1402 114 FEB-00 10 CHANNEL 219 19 MAR-92 2 RAIL 519 42 FEB-94 4 CUT/BEND & FABRICATED 1681 136 MAY-02 12 SOUND
    [Show full text]
  • Common Course Outline CAMM 252 CNC Milling Machine Operation 3 Credits
    Common Course Outline CAMM 252 CNC Milling Machine Operation 3 Credits Community College of Baltimore County Description CAMM 252 – CNC Milling Machine Operation discusses theory and operation of Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) milling equipment in a production environment, which includes machine control alignment, fixed cycle subroutine usage, CRT layout, hands on operation, and demonstrations on CNC Machining Centers. 3 Credits Prerequisites: CAMM 111 with a passing grade of “C” or higher or NIMS “Measurement, Material and Safety” certification and CAMM 101 with a passing grade of “C” or higher. Overall Course Objectives Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: 1. set part zero using fixture offsets; 2. set tool height and tool diameter offsets; 3. safely operate a CNC machining center; 4. write a working part program for a CNC machining center using absolute and incremental positioning; 5. construct programs using subroutines and canned cycles; 6. write a program using cutter compensation; 7. demonstrate safe and practical machining techniques; 8. use formulas to calculate RPM, IPR, IPM, HP, and radial engagement factors and circular interpolation reduction factors; 9. identify the 3 basic machine axis; 10. identify tools used on a CNC mill in a production setting; 11. identify the G and M codes used to program a CNC machining center; 12. have the opportunity to earn the NIMS Level 1 “CNC Milling Operations” certification; and 13. prepare for the National Institute of Metalworking Skills (NIMS) Level 1 CNC Milling: Programming and Operations” certification. Major Topics I. Principles of CNC Milling A. Linear interpolation B. Speeds and feeds C.
    [Show full text]
  • Pneumatic Chipping Hammer #550640, JCT-3640 #550641, JCT-3641 #550642, JCT-3642 #550643, JCT-3643 #550644, JCT-3644 #550645, JCT-3645
    Pneumatic Chipping Hammer #550640, JCT-3640 #550641, JCT-3641 #550642, JCT-3642 #550643, JCT-3643 #550644, JCT-3644 #550645, JCT-3645 Operation & Parts Manual M-550640 Edition 4 11/2018 JET 427 New Sanford Road LaVergne, TN 37086 Ph.: 800-274-6848 www.jettools.com Copyright © 2017 JET Safety warnings General air tool warnings 12. Do not operate this tool while tired or under the influence of drugs, alcohol, or any 1. Read and understand this entire manual medication. before attempting assembly or operation. 13. Adopt a comfortable posture with proper 2. Read and understand all warnings posted on balance, and maintain secure footing at all the tool and in this manual. Failure to comply times. Non-slip footwear or anti-skid floor with all of these warnings may cause serious strips are recommended. injury. 14. Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry. Confine 3. Replace warning labels if they become long hair. obscured or removed. 15. Excessive air pressure and too much free 4. Do not use this tool for other than its intended rotation may decrease life of the tool and may use. If used for other purposes, JET disclaims cause a hazardous situation. any real or implied warranty and holds itself harmless from any injury that may result from 16. Check air hoses for wear, and keep them that use. away from heat and sharp edges. Repair or replace damaged air hose immediately. Do 5. Always wear ANSI Z87.1 approved safety not carry tool by the air hose. glasses or face shield while using this tool.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anvil's Chorus
    The Anvil’s Chorus November 2001 Page 2 The Anvil’s Chorus Executive Committee ( Board of Directors): President: Bill Banker – 607-276-6956, PO Box 174 Almond, NY 14804, e-mail: [email protected] Vice President: Verner Hornquist – 716–433-7570, 6062 Shaffer Rd. Lockport, NY 14094 Treasurer: Dick Rightmyer – 585-293-3299, 251 Leibeck Rd. Churchville, NY 14428, e-mail: [email protected] Secretary: Harold Hopkinson – 315-682-6314, 4590 South Brookhill Dr. Malius, NY 13104, email: [email protected] Forgemasters: Adirondack: John Scarlett – 315-324-5635 Niagara: Bob Corneck – 716-741-4311, e-mail: [email protected] Genesee: Dick Rightmyer – 585-293-3299, e-mail: [email protected] Mohawk: Dale Barrows – 607-849-3198, e-mail: [email protected] Southern Tier: John Fee – 607-523-6677, e-mail: [email protected] Newsletter editor: Al Butlak – 716-894-7185, 1351 Walden Ave. Buffalo, NY 14211, e-mail: [email protected] Scholarship Chairperson: Jim Robarr – 716-433-8564, e-mail: [email protected] Nominations Chairperson- Your name could be here, volunteer! The Cover: A group of NYSDB members who were present at the all state meeting at Jeff Jubenville's shop in Kent, NY that was a two-day event for the entire membership. A write up on the meeting will appear elsewhere in this issue. The Anvil’s Chorus is composed and written by the editor except as indicated. Material may be reprinted except as noted as long as proper credit is given to NYSDB. It’s officers, demonstrator's writers, editor, and members specifically dis- claim any responsibility or liability for any damages or injuries as a result of the use of any information published in the Anvil’s Chorus.
    [Show full text]
  • Southwest Association of Turners 2727Thth Annualannual Symposiumsymposium
    SouthWest Association of Turners 2727thth AnnualAnnual SymposiumSymposium Demonstration Handbook Demonstration Handbook 2018 TableTable ofof ContentsContents Welcome........................................................................................................................................2 Event Schedule..........................................................................................................................3 2018 SWAT Vendors .................................................................................................................4 Symposium Floor Plan...............................................................................................................5 Friday Rotation ..........................................................................................................................6 Saturday Rotation ......................................................................................................................7 Sunday Rotation ........................................................................................................................8 Family Programs........................................................................................................................9 Women in Turning .....................................................................................................................9 Beads of Courage......................................................................................................................9 Executive Committee Members...............................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • Military/ Government Specialty Catalog
    MILITARY/GOVERNMENT SPECIALTY CATALOG Armstrong® Industrial Hand Tools by Armstrong Military and Government The Armstrong Brothers Tool Company was originally founded in 1890 by the sons of a Scottish immigrant blacksmith. Over 100 years later, we continue the tradition with a product line which includes over 6,000 items of mechanic’s tools, pipe and tubing tools, machine shop accessories, and cutting tools. We are committed to providing the men and women of our military and government agencies with innovative and mis- sion critical tools and storage built to handle the call of duty. Our focus on industrial and military applications brings us the know-how to deliver innovative, high quality tools and solutions. We have various products and service solutions designed to meet all of the tool needs for the government and military. Contents Tool Kits .................................................................................................................................................................................1 Carts and Storage ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Wrenches .............................................................................................................................................................................11 Sockets and Drive Tools .....................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • MW Article Index
    MW Article Index Article Title Author Name Subject Issue Page A Rocking, Swinging Grinder Table Harold Mason Shop Machinery MW Vol. 01 No. 1 Feb-Mar 1988 4 Old Lathe Collet Adapters Philip Duclos Lathes MW Vol. 01 No. 1 Feb-Mar 1988 12 A Vernier Dividing Head Alberto Marx Shop Machinery MW Vol. 01 No. 1 Feb-Mar 1988 16 Surface Grinding On a Vertical Mill Aubrey Keet Mills MW Vol. 01 No. 1 Feb-Mar 1988 19 A Band Saw Speed Reducer Bob Nelson Shop Machinery MW Vol. 01 No. 1 Feb-Mar 1988 22 Curved Spoke Flywheel Philip Duclos Projects MW Vol. 01 No. 2 Apr-May 1988 4 A Double-ended Dial Indicator Adapter Guy Lautard Shop Machinery MW Vol. 01 No. 2 Apr-May 1988 12 Automatic Carriage Stop R. P. Lebaron Lathes MW Vol. 01 No. 2 Apr-May 1988 15 A Reverse for a Small Lathe E. T. Feller Lathes MW Vol. 01 No. 2 Apr-May 1988 16 Belt Sander Robert S. Hedin Shop Machinery MW Vol. 01 No. 2 Apr-May 1988 20 Basic Metal Finishes James B. Harrill General Machining Knowledge MW Vol. 01 No. 3 Jun-Jul 1988 3 Make Your Own Collet Chuck Pat Loop Lathes MW Vol. 01 No. 3 Jun-Jul 1988 4 Adjustable Try Squares Ted Wright Shop Accessories MW Vol. 01 No. 3 Jun-Jul 1988 8 Brass Hammer Bill Davidson Shop Accessories MW Vol. 01 No. 3 Jun-Jul 1988 12 Unorthodox Mill/Lathe Grinder Philip Duclos Shop Machinery MW Vol. 01 No.
    [Show full text]
  • Nailmaking Station at Colonial Williamsburg
    VOICE December 2014 Photo courtesy of Jim Dunning at Moose Forge. Used with permission. Check out the Moose Forge website for more information at http://www.mooseforge.com/Projects/nails.html. NAILMAKING STATION AT COLONIAL WILLIAMSBURG INSIDE THIS ISSUE This month’s Traditions article (page 16) is on nail making, an important function of most Safety First ................................ 2 blacksmith shops and the primary article of trade for many smiths. The photo above is of the Letter From the President ........ 3 nail-making station at the blacksmith shop in Colonial Williamsburg. The station features a BOA Calendar ........................... 4 heading tool that takes several different die sizes, a small anvil block, a cut-off hardy, and a Project Notes-Tongs ................. 5 trip-lever (called a “whimsy”) that can be struck to pop out the finished nail, all mounted on an iron-bound block of wood. The Colonial Williamsburg blacksmith shop is a living history Northeast Chapter .................... 8 museum focused on the importance of the blacksmith during the revolutionary period. Northwest Chapter ................... 10 Although Colonial Williamsburg artifacts are historical re-creations, their historical accuracy Central Chapter ........................ 12 can be seen by comparing with the archival documentary footage below. Faulkner County Museum ........ 13 Project Notes-Ornaments ......... 4 Historical 1923 footage of a Swedish nail Traditions-Nail Making ............ 14 maker (Spiksmide) at work on his nail- making station. The footage also includes Project Notes-Nail Making ....... 19 blacksmiths making special shoes for draft Classifieds ................................. 20 oxen (oxskosmide) and a waterwheel powered sawmill. Compare this nailmaking SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST station to the Colonial Williamsburg recreation above.
    [Show full text]
  • N.J.B.A. Newsletter
    N.J.B.A. Newsletter NJBA Volume 10, Issue 4 02/01/05 day under the direction of Rick Smith. Please bring items . for the Iron in the Hat on Saturday and some donations Editors Soapbox may be auctioned. Attendees may tailgate if you are so Hi to all and a happy and prosperous new year. inclined. I would recommend getting here early and We don’t have a lot of events listed below, but we have parking in front of shop doors or on the pavement to the some things in the works and I don’t want to list them right of the office. until they are confirmed. Look for an email and or post I should have folding metal chairs available but since I card with new events as the next month rolls around. have no clue how many to expect I would recommend The next meet at Eric Cupers Shop is promising to be a bringing a comfortable chair if you have one. very good demonstration and workshop. Make sure to Cuper Studios sign up for the workshop right away as the seats are 1301 Lynn Street Easton, PA 18042 limited. Directions: Assuming everyone is coming from the east. Get to 78 or Upcoming events for 2006 22 west from wherever you are coming from. 78 and 22 Get you calendars out and mark these events merge for a while. Take the last exit in NJ, which is 22 down. Please bookmark our web site and check for into Phillipsburg. Take 22 all the way through Phillips- meet information.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of the Electrical Trades Union in Western Australia and Its Place in the Labour Movement from 1905 to 1979
    A History of the Electrical Trades Union in Western Australia and Its Place in the Labour Movement from 1905 to 1979 Linda Jane McLaughlan BA (Hons) This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Murdoch University 2013 Declaration I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research and contains as its main content work which has not previously been submitted for a degree at any tertiary education institution. Signed: ____________________________________ ABSTRACT This thesis is the first scholarly study of the organisation representing electrical trades workers in Western Australia, from its inception in 1905 to 1979. It examines how a small craft union was created, how it won and maintained its independence and fostered the singular skill base of its members, and how it developed and strengthened its power. The thesis argues that the union fought to create and maintain a separate trade union identity based on specific trade skills within the electrical trades in the face of opposition from already-established metal trade unions. In 1905 the Metropolitan Electrical Trades Union (METU) was established. This was the first union to represent electrical workers in Western Australia. In 1914 the METU amalgamated with the Amalgamated Society of Engineers (ASE) / Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU). Many electrical workers were unhappy with this amalgamation and in 1926, with the assistance of the national body of the Electrical Trades Union of Australia, a union known as the Electrical Trades Union of Australia (Western Australian Branch) (ETUWA) was established. From 1927 until 1949 the ETUWA was embroiled in a long bitter struggle to regain its independence.
    [Show full text]
  • Cutting Tools Pg3-28
    2 0 1 2 / 2 0 1 3 H A N D T O O L S C A T A L O G GreatNeck® has followed one rule since the production of the first hacksaw blade in 1919: Manufacture a superior quality, dependable tool for a reasonable price. In 1919, Samuel Jacoff, a tool and die maker living in Pittsfield, MA, started a hacksaw blade manufacturing business with the help and support of his wife Sarah. When fire destroyed their building in 1929, they merged with another blade maker, Great Neck Manufacturing. In 1941, they purchased a handsaw company and constructed a new plant in Mineola, NY where they remain today. By 1971, Sam and his four sons built GreatNeck into a major force in the hand tool business by purchasing Buck Bros., a Massachusetts chisel company, and Mayes Brothers, a level company from Tennessee. They also added a plastic extrusion plant. Today, almost a century later, a third and fourth generation of Jacoffs are carrying on Samuel and Sarah's commitment to quality and value. They have made GreatNeck a leading global supplier to the hardware, home improvement, sporting good, mass retail and automotive markets, and have distribution and manufacturing facilities around the world. THE SELECTION YOU NEED TO GROW YOUR BUSINESS GreatNeck offers one of the industry's broadest selections of hand tools and accessories. Plus, new and exciting tool designs are constantly being developed. Our brands are successfully featured in many retail and online environments: • Hardware Stores • Professional/Trade Catalogs • Specialty Home Improvement Stores • Novelty Stores • Sporting Goods Stores • Auto Retail Stores/Distributors • Mass Market Retail • Fine Goods Retailers • All Purpose Stores • Supermarkets OUR MAJOR BRANDS GreatNeck is an internationally recognized brand cov- ering the entire hardware and automotive hand tool spectrum.
    [Show full text]