Boriss Lurje Un NO!Art Boris Lurie and NO!Art Boriss Lurje

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Boriss Lurje Un NO!Art Boris Lurie and NO!Art Boriss Lurje Boriss Lurje un NO!art Boris Lurie and NO!art Boriss Lurje. Manai Šeinai Gitl/ manai Valentīnai. 1981. Papīrs, gleznojums, kolāža, 99x75 cm Boris Lurie. To my Sheina Gitl/ My Valentine. 1981. Paint, paper collage, tape on paper Boriss Lurje un NO!art Boris Lurie and NO!art Mākslas muzejs RīgAS BIRža Art Museum RIGA BOURSE 2019. gada 11. janvāris – 2019. gada 10. marts January 11, 2019 – March 10, 2019 Izstādes kuratore/ Curator of the exhibition: Ivonna Veiherte Projekta vadītāja/ Project manager: Vita Birzaka Izstādes dizains/ Design of the exhibition: Anna Heinrihsone Izstādes projekta sadarbības partneris/ Collaboration partner for the exhibition Boris Lurie Art Foundation, New York, USA: Gertrude Stein, President Anthony Williams, Chairman of the Board Chris Shultz, Collections Manager Jessica Wallen, Project Manager Rafael Vostell, Advisor Uz vāka: Boriss Lurje. Bez nosaukuma (Uzsmidzinātais NĒ). 1963. Masonīts, izsmidzināmā krāsa, 56x52 cm On the cover: Boris Lurie. Untitled (NO Sprayed). 1963. Spray paint on masonite © Boris Lurie Art Foundation Izstāde “Boriss Lurje un NO!art” turpina vienu no Mākslas muzejam RĪGAS BIRža tik svarīgajiem virzieniem – iepazīstināt skatītājus ar 20. gadsimta māks- las vēsturi, šajā gadījumā – ar tik spilgtu un neparastu kontrkultūras parādību kā NO!art kustība. Sociāli un politiski aktīvie sava ceļa gājēji, kā Boriss Lurje (Boris Lurie), Sems Gudmens (Sam Goodman), Stenlijs Fišers (Stanley Fisher), Ņujorkas kultūras dzīvē tiek atpazīti kā nepiekāpīgie opozicionāri, kuriem NO!art gars un 1960. gadu sākuma izstādes ir kļuvušas par impulsiem radošiem mek- lējumiem mūža garumā. Raksturojot šos māksliniekus un komentējot Borisa Lurje darbu izstādi savā galerijā, Ģertrūde Staina savulaik rakstījusi:” NĒ mākslā ir NĒ konformismam un materiālismam. Tas ir spēcīgs “NĒ” nebeidzamā masveidā sa- ražoto “JĀ” straumē ” (1963). Mēs esam pagodināti sadarboties ar Borisa Lurje Mākslas fondu Ņujorkā un iespēju sarīkot izstādi, kuras centrā ir viens no NO!art virziena radītājiem – bijušais rīdzinieks Boriss Lurje. īpaši vēlamies pateikties fonda prezidentei Ģertrūdei Stainai (Gertrude Stein). Mēs novērtējam viņas milzīgo ieguldījumu, kas veikts strādājot ar šo mākslinieku darbiem, tos pētot, un mērķtiecīgi atbals- tot ar to popularizēšanu saistītos procesus. Pateicamies Rafaelam Fostelam (Rafael Vostell) un Entonijam Viljamsam (Anthony Williams) par iniciatīvu un pa- veikto Rīgas izstādes organizēšanā. Paldies fonda kolekcijas pārzinātājiem un pētniekiem Krisam Šulcam (Chris Shultz) un Džesikai Veilenai (Jessica Wallen). Mākslas muzeja RĪGAS BIRža vadītāja Daiga Upeniece The exhibition “Boris Lurie and NO!art” continues to implement one of the most important objectives of the Art Museum RIGA BOURSE – to introduce viewers to the history of the 20th century art – this time, with such a vivid and unusual counterculture phenomenon as the NO!art movement. Boris Lurie, Sam Goodman, and Stanley Fisher were socially and politically active trailblazers, whose unyielding opposition found its creative expression through the spirit of their early 1960s NO!art exhibitions and cemented their reputation in New York’s cultural history. When describing these artists and commenting on the exhibition of Boris Lurie in her gallery, Gertrude Stein once wrote: “NO in art is NO to conformism and materialism. It is a powerful “NO” in the never-ending mass-produced stream of “YES””(1963). We are honored to cooperate with the Boris Lurie Art Foundation in New York and have the opportunity to hold an exhibition that focuses on one of the creators of NO!art movement - Boris Lurie, a former resident of Riga. In particular, we would like to thank the President of the foundation, Gertrude Stein. We appreciate her tremendous contribution to the research of these artists’ works and purposeful support of the processes involved in their promotion. We would like to thank Anthony Williams and Rafael Vostell for the initiative and accomplishments in organizing the exhibition in Riga. We thank the collection and project managers of the foundation Chris Shultz and Jessica Wallen. Daiga Upeniece The Head of Art Museum RIGA BOURSE 6 Boris Lurie and NO!art 7 Boriss Lurje un NO!art NOSLĒPUMAINĀ MĀKSLAS Ivonna Veiherte SASTĀVDAĻA – DROSME 10. ielas mākslinieku grupa Miltona Resnicka darbnīcā The 10th Street artists group at artist Milton Resnick’s studio © Photo: James Burke/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images NO!art bija ideja, ko savā darbībā īstenoja radikāla mākslas grupa Ņujorkā 20. gs. 50.–60. gados. Tās vadošā figūra bija Rīgas ebrejs Boriss Lurje kopā ar diviem domubiedriem – Semu Gudmenu un Stenliju Fišeru. Bet šo ideju var uz- skatīt arī par grupu jeb kustību, kam uz laiku pievienojās arī citi mākslinieki, kas tajā laikā dzīvoja vai uzturējās Ņujorkā. Šajā izstādē akcentēts laika posms no 1959. līdz 1964. gadam, jo tas ir laiks, kad NO!art aktivitātes aizsākās, notika grupas pamatsastāvā un bija vis- jaudīgākās. Vēlāk NO!art ideja aizvien vēl bija dzīva, tomēr daži tās atbalstītāji bija vai nu uzsākuši individuālu karjeru, apsīkuši vai miruši. Tieši Boriss Lurje kā NO!art Man arī ir konsekventi popularizējis NO!art pasaulē un tiek saistīts ar to. Boriss Lurje tā laika mākslas dzīvē zināms ne tikai saistībā ar NO!art. Viņš bija aktīva un būtiska figūra Ņujorkas Griničvilidžas mākslinieku rajona kļūšanā par pēckara alternatīvās kultūras centru. Šis laiks Ņujorkā deva iespējas un bija piemērots viņa mākslas izpausmei. Kopumā par NO!art darbībām rakstīts samērā daudz, tikuši izdoti vairāki izstāžu katalogi arī Borisa Lurjes dzīves laikā. Viņa dzīves beigās tika radīts Boris Lurie Art Foundation (BLAF) un tas uzsācis gan atstāto darbu, foto un manu- skriptu apkopošanu, gan Borisa Lurjes un NO!art izstāžu organizēšanu dažādos pasaules muzejos. Šīs izstādes tēma ir gan Ņujorkas 60. gadu mākslas dzīve, andergraunds un NO!art, gan tādas lielās vēsturiskās traģēdijas kā ebreji un holokausts. Lai arī 20.gadsimta mākslas vēsturē NO!art grupa nav plaši apskatīta, tomēr tā laika ietekmīgie mākslas apskatnieki un kritiķi jau Lurjes dzīves laikā pievērsuši uzmanību šai parādībai un rakstījuši par to. Daži raksti publicēti katalogā šīs iz- stādes kontekstā. Par saviem nodomiem, cīniņiem un uzskatiem daudz izteicies pats Boriss Lurje – manifestos, intervijās, dažādos tekstos. Turklāt viņa atraktīvā inteliģence ļāva rakstīto formulēt asi un tēlaini. Tādēļ arī šeit tiek iekļauts Lurjes stāstījums par savām un NO!art aktivitātēm. Ar visa materiāli izpēti nodarbojas Boris Lurie Art Foundation. Vēl ir daudz neskaidrību un pilnīgāka NO!art analīze ir nākotnes uzdevums. Arī šī izstāde 8 Boris Lurie and NO!art 9 Boriss Lurje un NO!art tikai iespēju robežās iepazīstina ar NO!art. Atsevišķa, tikai Borisam Lurjem veltīta izstāde paredzēta Daugavpils Marka Rotko mākslas centrā Daugavpilī, 2019. gada aprīlī. Tur arī tiks eksponēti mākslinieka svarīgākie un tai pat laikā provo- katīvākie darbi, kuri šai izstādē nav pieejami, jo eksponēti Laikmetīgās māklsas muzejā Krakovā. Lai tomēr radītu priekšstatu par tiem arī Rīgā, vairāki reprodu- cēti atsevišķā sadaļā šajā katalogā. Fonda rīcībā atrodas arī citu NO!art līdzdalībnieku darbi, bet ne visi ir sagla- bājušies kopš 20.gs. 60. gadiem, atsevišķi nebija pieejami, tādēļ iztēle būs jāro- sina ar fotogrāfiju palīdzību. Atsevišķu un būtisku informāciju par iesaistītajiem māksliniekiem iespējams gūt pievienotajās biogrāfijās, ko saistībā tieši ar šo izstādi sagatavojuši BLAF līdzstrādnieki. Tāpat vēl jāpēta atsevišķu mākslinieku tiešā līdzdalība turpmākajās aktivitātēs pēc 1964.gada. Izstādes “Boriss Lurje un NO!art” norise Rīgā ir svarīga, jo Lurje ir īpaši ar to saistīts. No 1925.gada līdz II pasaules karam Lurjes ģimene dzīvoja Rīgā. Viņš apmeklēja vācu ģimnāziju un prata latviešu valodu. Atgriešanās Rīgā notika 1975. gadā un visas atmiņas, tikšanās un savas emocijas Boriss Lurje aprakstījis savos vēl nepublicētajos memuāros ar nosau- kumu In Riga , kas tapa vairāku gadu gaitā pēc Latvijas apmeklējuma. Lai saprastu NO!art grupu un tēmu, par ko ir šī izstāde, jāzina arī B. Lurjes biogrāfija, viņa un citu mākslinieku darbu radīšanas konteksts. Lurje dzimis 1924. gadā Ļeņingradā, ebreju ģimenē, pēc gada ģimene pārcēlusies uz Rīgu, jo, tāpat kā daudzi citi Krievijas biznesa un inteliģences pārstāvji, pēc Ļeņina nāves cerēja rast šeit patvērumu no Staļina represijām. Ienākot vācu armijai Rīgā, Lurjes ģimene tika pārvietota uz geto un vēlāk māte, vecmāmiņa un māsa tika nošautas Rumbulas mežā. Borisam Lurjem toreiz bija 17 gadu un kopā ar tēvu Eliju (Iļju) viņi līdz pat kara beigām tika pārvietoti no vienas koncentrācijas nometnes uz otru, nonākot arī nežēlīgākajā no tām – Mag- deburgas nometnes satelītā, Buhenvaldē. Šī holokausta pieredze arī nosaka visu tālāko Borisa Lurjes dzīvi, tās jēgu, motivāciju un dzīves veidu. Pēc atbrīvošanas, Boriss Lurje kopā ar tēvu, pārcēlās uz ASV un nonāca Ņujorkā, kur ritēja turpmākā dzīve. Borisa Lurjes tēvs ātri atspirga un izmantoja visas iespējas jaunajos apstākļos, kļūstot par vērienīgu Ņujorkas būvuzņēmēju un namīpašnieku. Borisu interesēja māksla un viņš uzsāka mācības Mākslas Stu- dentu līgā (Art Student League), vienlaikus savos zīmējumos un gleznojumos, attēlojot pieredzēto nāves nometnēs. Boriss Lurje bija pārāk jauns, un pēc pieredzētā nāves nometnēs viņš arī nespēja atlabt tik šķietami ātri kā tēvs. Tūlīt pēc kara, holokaustā izdzīvo- jušie, kaunējās runāt par to, kas ar tiem bija noticis, jo jutās vainīgi par to, ka izdzīvojuši. Un, ja runātu un rādītu, tad nebija skaidrs,
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