CITIES on the ROUTE to 2030 Building a Zero Emissions, Resilient Planet for All

CITIES ON THE ROUTE TO 2030 Building a zero emissions, resilient planet for all

May 2021 ABOUT CDP

CDP is a global non-profit that runs the world’s environmental disclosure system for subnational governments and companies. Over 10,000 organizations around the world disclosed data through CDP in 2020, including more than 9,600 companies worth over 50% of global market capitalization, and over 940 cities, states and regions — representing a combined population of over 2.6 billion. Visit cdp.net or follow us @CDP to find out more.

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

04 Key findings

05 Foreword

06 The route to 2030

14 City climate action is global and diverse

16 Ten years of city action: The global picture

25 Africa

27 Asia

29 Europe

31 Latin America

33 North America

35 Oceania

Important Notice

This report may be used by anyone provided that acknowledgment is given to CDP. This does not represent a license to repackage or resell any of its contents without the express permission of CDP.

CDP has prepared the data and analysis in this report based on responses to the Cities 2020 Questionnaire. No representation or warranty (express or implied) is given by CDP as to the accuracy or completeness of the information and opinions contained in this report. You should not act upon the information contained in this publication without obtaining specific professional advice. To the extent permitted by law, CDP does not accept or assume any liability, responsibility or duty of care in reliance on the information contained in this report.

All information and views expressed herein by CDP are based on their judgment at the time of this report and are subject to change without notice. Guest commentaries, where included in this report, reflect the views of their respective authors; their inclusion is not an endorsement of them.

The reference to a “city” in the report applies to any entity that submitted data through the Cities 2020 Questionnaire in the CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System. The analysis contains data from cities or, in some instances, groups of cities at different administrative levels that reported in 2020. This includes metropolitan areas, combined authorities, and some regional councils.

‘CDP’ refers to CDP Worldwide, a registered charity number 1122330 and a company limited by guarantee, registered in England number 05013650.

In 2020, there has been a 17x increase in city disclosure since 2011 — 812 cities have disclosed, compared to just 48 in 2011.

Cutting emissions in line with 1.5oC Over half (51%) of cities do not yet have a climate action plan. Reporting cities are generating around 692 67% of cities now have city-wide emissions million Megawatt-hours (MWh) of renewable inventories. energy from their emission reduction activities, 58% of cities do not yet have a city-wide enough to power almost 65 million homes for emissions reduction target. one year1. 148 cities report that their targets are aligned with Renewable energy makes up 42%2 of reporting 1.5°C, but only 52 of these reported an interim target. cities’ energy mix vs. a global average of 26%3.

Building resilience to protect every person

93% of cities are facing significant climate risks. 60% of cities cite substantive risk to their water 43% of cities, representing a projected population security. of over 400 million people by 2030, do not have an Only 46% of cities include water security in their adaptation plan to tackle climate risk. vulnerability assessment. For 74% of cities, climate change is increasing Almost 50% of cities taking adaptation actions risks to already vulnerable populations. see a public health benefit from these measures. 59% of cities have conducted a climate risk and 25% of cities cite budgetary capacity issues as a vulnerability assessment. barrier to adaptation.

Climate planning Cities with climate action plans identify twice as many opportunities from addressing climate to sustain action change as cities that do not. These opportunities include business innovation and additional 87% of cities are incorporating sustainability into funding. These cities are also taking five times as master planning or are intending to do so in the next many actions to reduce emissions as other cities. two years. Cities identify over 1,000 climate projects 4 Cities that incorporate sustainability into master seeking finance, worth USD 72 billion . planning identify more than twice (2.4x) as many 76% of cities are collaborating with businesses opportunities from addressing climate change as on sustainability projects or are intending to do cities that do not. so in the next two years.

1 The comparison to total homes powered is based on data from the EPA calculator. is made up of renewable energy, which is still higher than the global average. 3 IEA, 2018. 4 FOREWORD

2020 marked ten years of cities reporting climate and environmental

We have witnessed a profound change action on climate change in the face of in climate action over the past decade. extremely challenging circumstances. Local government action and ambition From all of us at CDP, we thank you has increased, and national governments for your efforts and your continued have also stepped up. The signing of the commitment to strong and meaningful Paris Agreement in 2015 was a turning environmental action. point for city action — the number of cities disclosing to CDP since 2015 has What began as a public health crisis more than doubled, showing that cities has now developed into a social and are stepping up to the challenge of economic crisis. COVID-19 has shone a cutting emissions and building resilience light on inequalities and vulnerabilities, Kyra Appleby Global Director of Cities, States to climate change. showing us that cities can’t go back to and Regions, CDP business as usual — we need to build With the publication of the back better. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)’s Special Report on 1.5°C in 2018, this momentum continued, and is increasing risk to already vulnerable we began to see an upswell in cities populations. City climate action must across the globe setting long-term tackle social inequality too, ensuring fair ambitious targets. In many countries, and equitable protection from climate cities’ targets are more ambitious and public health threats. than their national government’s commitments, such as in Santa Fe We now find ourselves in the second County in the United States, Greater year of the decade of climate action. Manchester in the United Kingdom, and We are facing a climate emergency, and Penampang in Malaysia. In 2020, 148 this is our last chance to make rapid cities reported having targets aligned with and deep cuts to global emissions, a 1.5°C future. This figure is set to grow in protect biodiversity, and ensure our cities the coming years as cities develop their provide safe and resilient places to live science-based climate targets. and do business.

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 As we embark on the next ten years of pandemic, cities have been on the climate action, we acknowledge that frontline of two complex global crises: city progress has been steady, but tackling the pandemic and climate there is still much work to do. We must change simultaneously. Despite facing prioritize a green recovery and ensure increased pressure and reduced that cities have the necessary support to resources during this time, 812 cities decarbonize rapidly and build resilience reported on their environmental to tackle climate risks. With the clock impacts in 2020. It is testament to the ticking down, the time for strong, truly determined staff in cities across decisive action is now. the globe who work tirelessly to take

5 THE ROUTE TO 2030

reporting of data and action, with a 17-fold increase in the number of cities disclosing continue this upward trajectory towards a resilient future — the health of the planet and its people depend on it.

The latest climate science is clear. We must reduce Cities have a dual role to play. To survive and thrive they must be resilient, healthy, and equitable places to live and by 2050 if we are to build a zero emissions and safe, work. To achieve this all cities should have a plan to adapt emissions5 and have a vital role to play. Yet cities cannot facing significant climate hazards, putting their people do it alone. Despite the powers they have, the bulk of a city’s emissions typically come from sources over which it have an adaptation plan to tackle these hazards. exercises no direct control6. Robust, accurate, and timely disclosure of environmental Cities are stepping up to this challenge by choosing to data is essential if we are to credibly demonstrate progress toward limiting global warming to 1.5°C. already working with the private sector on sustainability projects, or plan to do so in the next two years. To stay within safe limits, we must accelerate action today.

We know that cities are on the front lines of the climate emergency. They are densely populated, and they We, the mayors, we know how to act quickly on the ground, as close as possible to the people who are already being impacted by climate change. ANNE HIDALGO Mayor of Paris, France

Paris, France

5 6 It Takes a City: The Case for Collaborative Climate Action, CDP, 2016. 66 Cities’ progress over the last ten years

544 cities 339 cities 399 cities have city-wide have city-wide have climate emissions from 30 emissions from 16 action plans from 210 inventories in 2011 reduction targets in 2011 in 2016

Renewables make up of reporting 459 cities 710 cities cities’ have an incorporate 42% energy mix vs. adaptation plan from 30 sustainability from 32 that identifies in 2011 into their master in 2011 global and manages planning or plan 26% average7 climate risks to do so

Paris, France Kolkata, India

7 Ibid., IEA, 2018 7 HALVING EMISSIONS BY 2030

Over the past ten years cities have made progress Today, 544 cities have city-wide emissions inventories, in measuring their emissions, setting targets, and up from 30 in 2011. 365 cities have city-wide emissions implementing plans and actions to reduce emissions. reduction targets, up from 16 in 2011.

Most commonly reported actions cities are implementing to achieve their targets and reduce emissions (% of total and number of cities reporting each action)

34% 276 17% 142 implement energy efficiency/ implement building codes and standards retrofit measures 21% 173 16% 126 use low or zero carbon are planning green space and/or energy supply generation biodiversity preservation and expansion

20% 162 15% 118 use on-site renewable are building recycling or composting energy generation collections and/or facilities

19% 156 14% 116 are installing LED/ CFL/ other separate recyclables and organics luminaire technologies from other waste

18% 146 13% 107 are improving fuel economy to are developing infrastructure for reduce CO from motorized vehicles non-motorized transport

Medellín, Colombia

8 Cities’ actions are having an impact Where cities should focus their efforts

The actions mentioned above and other actions already In most cities, buildings, transport, energy and waste being taken by cities are expected to reduce more than are the areas that have the greatest potential to reduce 63 million metric tonnes of CO per year, save 69 million emissions14 MWh of energy every year, and generate 692 million were taking actions to reduce emissions in buildings, MWh of renewable energy, enough to power almost 65 million homes for one year8. grid. Our data shows there is still a gap between what is The way forward needed and what cities are doing. 83% of cities are not implementing actions to reduce While cities are making progress, there is still much emissions in all four areas of highest impact work to be done. When it comes to cutting emissions, cities must set and deliver against science-based climate targets9 to determine their pathway for reducing emissions to net zero by 2050. In 2020, 148 cities 406 reported a 1.5°C-aligned target. While most of these 50% targets were reported by North American (58) and of cities are optimising energy use in buildings European cities (49), we are seeing a more diverse group of cities taking accountability for cutting their fair share of emissions, such as eThekwini in South Africa, Quito in 339 Ecuador and Nairobi in Kenya. 42% of cities are enabling next-generation mobility the utilities sector and regulators, cities could achieve 10. When it 278 comes to achieving this target, cities reporting through 34% the CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System are already of cities are decarbonizing the electricity grid mix comes from renewable sources11 versus a global 12. This positive trend must continue as we approach 2030. With the cost of renewable energy now 271 undercutting fossil fuel sources13, this is an area where 33% cities can excel regardless of their financial situation. of cities are improving waste management

8 The comparison to total homes powered is based on data from the EPA calculator. 9 10 Focused Acceleration: A Strategic Approach to Climate Action in Cities to 2030, McKinsey and C40, 2017. is made up of renewable energy, which is still higher than the global average. 12 Ibid., IEA, 2018. 13 Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2019, IRENA, 2019. 14 Ibid., McKinsey and C40, 2017. 9 KEEPING POPULATIONS SAFE

Faced with increasing extreme weather events, the like extreme heat, flooding and rainstorms, putting their number of cities developing climate risk and vulnerability assessments has increased from 40 in 2011 to 478 in world’s population will live in urban areas by 205015, 2020, and the number of cities developing adaptation meaning that to sustain future economic growth and plans to manage climate risks has risen from 30 in 2011 remain safe and secure places for people to live and to 459 in 2020. work, every city must deliver urgent climate action. More than two-thirds (571) of reporting cities cite climate risks of the highest severity. These include rainstorms which are uprooting lives and livelihoods. Top five actions cities are taking to increase resilience

Tree planting and/or 161 20% creating green space

Flood mapping 143 18%

Community engagement/education 122 15%

Developing crisis management plans 110 14% including warning and evacuation systems Developing hazard resistant infrastructure # of cities reporting 85 10% design and construction the action

020406080 100 120 140 160 180 200 Addressing barriers to adaptation

Despite the progress cities have made to build resilience Top three adaptation barriers faced by cities through risk assessments and adaptation planning, much more must be done to protect all populations from the worst impacts of climate change. It is city dwellers 205 across the globe who find themselves on the frontlines 25% of climate change, with some of the most vulnerable report budgetary capacity issues is increasing risks to already vulnerable populations. In total, 43% (353) of cities, representing a projected 150 population of over 400 million people by 2030, do not 18% yet have adaptation plans that tackle climate risks. cite housing issues

Joining the dots between climate change and threats to water security, public health and social equality is crucial to effectively address these issues and ensure cities 134 remain resilient, prosperous, and healthy places 17% for generations to come. report poverty challenges If cities are to make progress on building resilience to climate risks, these barriers must be addressed. To succeed, this requires dialogue with funders, companies, national governments and communities.

15 UN, 2018.

10 Health and climate change

20% of cities (166) report that they are facing a risk of infectious diseases16 due to climate change. 26% of these cities (43) say that they were not significantly impacted by this risk before 2020.

Although there is no evidence of a direct connection between climate change and the emergence or transmission of COVID-19, we know that increased pressure on the natural environment may drive the emergence of such diseases in the future17. In addition, climate change may put added pressure on healthcare systems, impacting our ability to respond to such outbreaks, and to protect vital infrastructure and human lives.

The pandemic has demonstrated the need to build resilience in our cities to endure future shocks and reduce harmful impacts on society. Responding to this need, we are seeing a growing number of cities thinking about the intersection between climate change and infectious diseases.

Snapshot of city risks

93% of cities 43% of cities 25% of cities are facing significant do not yet have an report budgetary capacity climate risks adaptation plan issues as a barrier to adaptation

of cities The top two services of cities 60% under threat from 74% cite substantive risk to climate change are water say climate change is their water security supply and sanitation, increasing risks to already and public health vulnerable populations

16 Air, vector or water borne. 17 WHO, 2020. 11 OPPORTUNITIES ON THE ROUTE TO 2030

Over the past ten years, cities reporting to CDP have crises such as COVID-19, widening social inequality and shown how ambitious their environmental action the impacts of the climate crisis, cities have still made can be. Even when faced with complex multinational progress to cut emissions and build resilience.

Essential actions cities must take

Focus on the high impact Set science-based climate Create and implement emissions reduction actions targets, which includes an a climate action plan to for your city, and decarbonize interim target18 support your target energy grids, building renewable capacity to 50-70% by 203019

Undertake a climate risk and Build climate change into Consider the co-benefits of vulnerability assessment to city master planning climate action (e.g. public identify climate risks and health and social equality) create an adaptation plan to manage them

Tokyo, Japan

18 19 Ibid., McKinsey and C40, 2017. 12 Investment opportunities

CDP data shows that taking these actions is helping In 2020, 422 cities reported 1,142 climate projects cities identify opportunities and address climate which require financing. Collectively these projects change more effectively, including: cost USD 72 billion.

Cities that incorporate sustainability into master planning identify more than twice (2.4x) as many cities can tap into investments that can enable them to opportunities from addressing climate change as realize their climate projects. At present, the top areas cities that do not. Cities with climate action plans identify twice as many opportunities from addressing climate change as cities that do not. These opportunities include business innovation and additional funding. These projects and transport projects were USD 22.6 billion and cities are also taking five times as many actions to USD 18.6 billion, respectively. reduce emissions as other cities. CDP data shows that cities are already working with the As previous CDP research shows, cities with vulnerability assessments are more than twice (2.7x) working with businesses on sustainability projects or as likely to report long-term hazards, and are taking plan to do so in the next two years. almost 6 times (5.7x) the amount of adaption actions compared to those cities that have not conducted As the world seeks to recover from COVID-19, recovery vulnerability assessments21. funds and stimulus packages need to focus on a green As previous CDP research shows, cities citing the and just recovery. There is an opportunity here for cities to co-benefits of their climate action reported 2.5 times access funding and to implement climate projects focused more climate actions than cities that did not. on increasing resilience, protecting the most vulnerable and building an equitable and fair society. If COVID-19 recovery is not sustainable and equitable, we risk locking cities into infrastructure that is not aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals and a 1.5°C future.

Cities are building a green economy

Cities’ top collaboration areas with businesses Knowledge or data sharing 61 cities

617 76% Project Policy and 114 cities regulation implementation 58 cities of cities are consultation collaborating with businesses on Financial sustainability projects, Building mechanism 62 cities or are intending to do capacity 53 cities so in the next two years (grants, etc.)

20 Cities at Risk, CDP, 2019. 21 13 CITY CLIMATE ACTION IS GLOBAL AND DIVERSE

Since 2011, cities across the globe have accelerated their action in response to the climate crisis. There has been a 17-fold increase in cities disclosing their climate data — from 48 in 2011 to 812 in 2020.

169cities 100 cities in Europe in Asia

195 cities in North America

21cities in Oceania 293 cities in Latin America

In 2020, despite cities the upheaval of 34 COVID-19, 812 in Africa cities representing 810 million people disclosed their climate and environmental data through the Reporting System. million 812 cities 810 people 84 countries

14 15 TEN YEARS OF CITY ACTION: THE GLOBAL PICTURE

More cities are measuring their emissions To get to 1.5°C, cities are setting city-wide emission reduction targets

In the last ten years, we have In the last decade the number of city-wide targets seen 514 more cities reporting being set by cities has increased by 23-fold. However, a city-wide emissions inventory. to effectively monitor progress towards a 1.5°C 544 pathway, cities must set a science-based climate target, which includes an interim target.

Science-based targets22 are measurable and actionable, enabling cities to align their actions with the Paris Agreement and the latest scientific advice from the IPCC23 be confident that their emissions reduction efforts are aligned with a 1.5°C pathway and that they are making a fair contribution to tackling climate change.

More information on setting a science-based target 30 can be found in the

Cities with city-wide emissions reduction 2011 2020 targets 641 million 2.6 billion 16 339 metric tonnes CO metric tonnes CO

Cities with city-wide emissions inventories

Cities are also starting to develop consumption-based 2011 2020 inventories to track emissions from the production of goods and services made and consumed within their boundaries. With the climate crisis becoming even more urgent, we expect more cities to start measuring 45% and managing these emissions on the road to 2030. of cities reported a city-wide emissions reduction target in 2020 7.5% 61 of cities reported a In 2020, 148 cities reported an consumption-based 18% emissions reduction target that is emissions inventory in 2020 aligned with a 1.5°C pathway. 6% Only 52 of these cities have set an interim target for their 1.5°C pathway.

22 23 Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C, IPCC, 2018.

16 Effective climate action requires a plan

Cities are putting in place the plans and actions required to achieve their climate targets. 210 399 49% 2016 2020 of cities disclosing in 2020 have a climate action plan

Number of cities with a climate action plan

Goals and targets cities are incorporating into their master plans

Emissions Waste reduction 408 cities management 232 cities targets targets 87% 710 Adaptation of cities have Energy efficiency targets 276 cities 225 cities incorporated targets sustainability into their master plan or are intending to do so Renewable Water security 244 cities 170 cities in the next two years energy targets targets

Chengdu, China 17 Current actions Urgent action needed to cut emissions 63.4 million Estimated annual emissions reductions (metric tonnes COe) 69 million 551 Annual energy savings (MWh) 30 26.7 million Estimated annual emissions reductions (metric tonnes CO)24 9 million Future Annual energy savings (MWh) actions

2011 2020 Cities identified co-benefits they expected to result from the mitigation actions they reported. Climate # of cities taking emissions reduction actions action co-benefits are beneficial outcomes that are not directly related to climate change mitigation or adaptation as a result from climate actions.

Top five co-benefits of emissions reduction Top actions reported actions identified by cities

Improved Energy efficiency/ 276 cities 244 cities retrofit measures 526 actions resource efficiency

Shift to more Low/zero carbon energy 173 cities 215 cities sustainable behaviors supply generation 252 actions

On-site renewable 162 cities Improved public health 174 cities energy generation 245 actions

LED/ CFL/ other 156 cities Enhanced resilience 169 cities luminaire technologies 172 actions

Improve fuel economy Improved resource 146 cities 164 cities & reduce CO from quality motorized vehicles 200 actions

24 The estimated annual emissions reductions and energy savings for future actions are based on all actions cities reported that are in their planning stages and are not currently being for current actions because most cities report actions that are currently under implementation. 18 Transition to renewable energy

Cities are setting and delivering renewable energy Based on actions cities are reporting, below is what targets, signalling to individuals and businesses that we expect their renewable energy potential to be they are ready to seize the opportunities offered by the low-carbon transition. Current projects 188 692 million 23% Annual Renewable Energy (RE) of cities have a renewable production (MWh) energy target

of cities report a target 16 million 25 9% to have at least 70% of Future Annual RE production (MWh) their energy come from projects renewable sources.

10% 79 of cities have an electricity mix that is already powered by at least 70% renewable energy

Renewable 9% 70 energy makes up of cities have an energy 26 efficiency target 42% of disclosing cities’ energy mix

compared to a global average of just 26%27

made up of renewable energy, which is still higher than the global average. 27 Ibid., IEA, 2018. 19 Understanding the scale of climate risks

From rain storms to extreme hot days, cities and their of cities are facing populations are facing climate-related hazards that are significant climate becoming ever more frequent and severe. 93% hazards

478 of cities report a climate risk and vulnerability 59% assessment

38 752 40 For 74% of cities, climate change is increasing risks to already vulnerable populations 2011 2020 2011 2020

Cities reporting a climate risk and Cities reporting climate hazards vulnerability assessment

Most severe climate hazards cities are reporting

Rainstorms 92 76 27 2

Heat waves 99 45 24 1

Drought 79 47 39 2

Flash/surface floods 75 40 31 3

Extreme hot days 89 39 19 0

# of cities reporting climate-related hazards, broken down by the timescale in which the city expects to experience a change in frequency and intensity of the hazard

Immediate Short-term Medium-term Long-term (2022-2025) (2026-2050) (after 2050)

60% 488 46% 376 of cities are facing substantive risks to of cities incorporate water in their climate their water security risk and vulnerability assessments

20 The impact on people living in cities

Climate change will not only have an impact on the Our data shows that cities are aware of the impacts of planet but also people. We’re already seeing how the the climate crisis on people and the infrastructure they climate crisis is upheaving lives and livelihoods, from depend on. Hurricane Sandy in 2012 to Cyclone Amphan in 2020.

The risks people living in cities are facing

Increased risk to already vulnerable populations 320 311 250 37 Increased demand for public services 286 284 242 35 Increased demand for healthcare services 247 233 192 27

Increased resource demand 239 221 197 26

Increased incidence and prevalence of disease & illness 219 193 137 16 Fluctuating socio-economic conditions 157 154 109 18

Population displacement 154 143 115 25

Loss of traditional jobs 66 57 57 12

Migration from 56 55 40 4 rural areas to cities

Increased conflict 63 45 34 5 and/or crime

Loss of tax base to 56 45 30 10 support public services

# of cities reporting social impacts of climate hazards, broken down by the timescale in which the city expects to experience a change in frequency and intensity of the hazard

Short-term Medium-term Long-term Immediately (by 2025) (by 2026-2050) (after 2050)

*Please note that cities may be counted multiple times based on timescale of climate hazard

Nairobi, Kenya 21 Cities’ services and assets most affected by climate change

Water supply 295 277 234 43 and sanitation

Public health 278 262 216 30

Environment, 255 265 228 30 biodiversity, forestry

Residential 271 262 205 38

Transport 226 218 185 31

Emergency services 223 213 159 24

Food and agriculture 197 215 179 27

Energy 227 184 154 19

Commercial 193 151 128 24

Land use planning 114 117 124 19

Society/community 120 105 102 19 and culture

Waste management 101 113 67 12

Tourism 99 87 84 13

Industrial 94 75 77 11

Informational and communication 66 62 55 10 technology

Education 67 67 33 6

Law and order 37 34 22 4

# of cities reporting services affected by climate hazards, broken down by the timescale in which the city expects to experience a change in frequency and intensity of the hazard

Short-term Medium-term Long-term Immediately (by 2025) (by 2026-2050) (after 2050)

*Please note that cities may be counted multiple times based on timescale of climate hazard

22 Populations vulnerable to climate change identified by cities

Elderly 302 276 232 31

Low-income households 286 264 233 33

Persons living in sub-standard housing 256 237 214 34

Children and youth 225 207 171 22 Persons with chronic diseases 207 176 145 23

Persons with disabilities 196 154 144 26

Marginalized groups 179 156 142 21

Women and girls 116 95 78 11

Unemployed persons 101 76 63 11

Indigenous populations 72 58 46 12

# of cities reporting vulnerable populations affected by climate hazards, broken down by the timescale in which the city expects to experience a change in frequency and intensity of the hazard

Short-term Medium-term Long-term Immediately (by 2025) (by 2026-2050) (after 2050)

*Please note that cities may be counted multiple times based on timescale of climate hazard

Manchester, UK

23 To keep populations safe, cities are building climate resilence

Cities are developing plans to adapt to climate hazards and build resilience against them. . 459 659 57% of cities have an adaptation plan 29 30 81% of cities are taking adaptation actions 2011 2020 2011 2020 cities reported an cities reported that they were taking adaptation plan. 114 3,417 adaptation adaptation actions actions

Top five adaptation actions cities implementing

161 cities 122 cities 110 cities 143 cities 85 cities Tree planting Community Crisis management Flood mapping Hazard resistant and/or creation engagement/ including warning and infrastructure design of green space education evacuation systems and construction

Adaptation actions cities are planning to implement

Incorporating climate change Projects and policies 62 into long-term planning 36 targeted at those cities documents cities most vulnerable

Top five co-benefits for adaptation actions identified by cities

452 cities 435 cities 401 cities 309 cities 305 cities Enhanced Disaster risk Disaster Ecosystem Improved public resilience reduction preparedness preservation health and biodiversity improvement 24 AFRICA

44% of African cities reported a 59% city-wide emissions inventory of African cities reported a of African cities reported a city-wide total of 54 mitigation actions 18% emissions reduction target La Marsa Grand Casablanca of African cities reported a Top mitigation actions reported by cities 35% climate action plan

Energy efficiency/retrofit measures of African cities reported an 65% adaptation plan Improve bus infrastructure, services and operations

Building codes and standards Dakar, Senegal

Dakar Turning an invasive plant species Landfill management into a nature-based solution Ibadan Tsévié Carbon emissions reduction from industry To cut emissions, Dakar, capital city of Senegal, is Abuja Maroua Addis Ababa Freetown City focusing its attention on its buildings, and is using Lagos Green space and/or biodiversity preservation the invasive plant typha domingensis, in a new and expansion Accra innovation. To improve its heritage buildings’ energy Yaoundé 4 Kampala efficiency and provide better thermal comfort to its Kisumu people, Dakar is harnessing this plant as a natural Nakuru form of insulation. In line with Senegal Energy Cocody Nairobi Efficiency Program, which aims to improve energy Abidjan Bujumbura efficiency and reduce Greenhouse gas emissions Kinshasa 28 (GHG) emissions in the building sector, Dakar has Dar es Salaam African cities are taking embarked on a pilot to showcase and trial this bio- 85 adaptation actions climatic technology at the Hospital of Geriatrics and Gerontology of Ouakam to make it a place of ideal Lusaka City Council Top adaptation actions reported by cities and safe thermal comfort for the elderly patients. This climate action is part of the city’s nature-based

Antananarivo Flood mapping solution for reducing the energy consumption of its buildings and related costs whilst also cutting emissions. Cities across the globe are working with Tshwane Tree planting or the creation of green space Sekhukhune nature to build safe, secure and zero emissions Walvis Bay Steve Tshwete Incorporating climate change into long-term space for their populations, and Dakar demonstrates Ekurhuleni planning documents just how closely the two can work in sync. Johannesburg

KwaDukuza Projects and policies targeted at those most eThekwini vulnerable Pietermaritzburg Cape Town Buffalo Crisis management including warning and evacuation systems

Flood defences across representing

34 cities 19 countries 109 million people

25 26 ASIA v

71% of Asian cities reported a city-wide 64% emissions inventory of Asian cities reported a total of 458 mitigation actions of Asian cities reported a city-wide 44% emissions reduction target 100 cities Top mitigation actions reported by cities of Asian cities reported 48% a climate action plan across Energy efficiency/retrofit measures of Asian cities reported an 60% adaptation plan 19 countries On-site renewable energy generation representing Improve fuel economy and reduce CO from motorized vehicles Penampang, Malaysia Working to cut more than their fair 346 LED/ CFL/ other luminaire technologies share of emissions million people Low or zero carbon energy supply generation In line with the Kerajaan Persekutuan (National Government) of Malaysia’s NDC, Penampang, Recycling or composting collections and/or home to over 145,000 people, is working to cut facilities the intensity of its emissions by 45% by 2030.

Ulaanbaatar The city has also set its sights on meeting the Nagoya next, and decisive deadline for the planet and its Toyama people — net zero emissions by 2050. To deliver, Dalian Penampang is planning to invest in waste-to-energy Saitama 75 Qingdao (WtE) technologies, converting sludge, cooking 5 Yokohama Gangtok Tokyo Asian cities are taking Ramallah oil and biogas into energy for its population and Siliguri Zhenjiang Kyoto Abasan Al-Kabira Amdavad Singra Wuhan 346 adaptation actions Nanjing businesses. This is an innovative move towards Amman Dehradun Chengdu Udaipur Hangzhou Kitakyushu the city becoming “a modern, sustainable and Hong Kong Top adaptation actions reported by cities Rajkot Delhi Shenzhen Fuzhou competitive economic hub”, and a bold one too Narayanganj Tel Aviv-Yafo Dubai Guangzhou 4 — 45% of Malaysia’s energy mix is made up of Karachi Dhaka Crisis management including warning and Kolkata coal, and a further 37% natural gas. What’s more, Nagpur Hanoi Kinmen evacuation systems 1 Rajshashi Penampang is the first city in Southeast Asia to Thane Pakse Quezon City Coimbatore Panaji Kaysone Phomvihane Tuguegarao report net zero ambition, taking accountability for Tree planting or the creation of green space Bengalaru Chennai Bangkok San Jose del Monte Kochi more than their fair share of emissions. 1 Ormoc Vadodara Ho Chi Minh City Tiruchirappalli Cagayan de Oro Del Carmen Flood defences 2 Tagum 2 Hang Tuah Jaya Penampang Davao Flood mapping Iskandar Singapore Batangas Kuala Lumpur Tanjungpinang Puerto Princesa Muar Projects and policies targeted at those Jambi Seberang Perai most vulnerable Shah Alam 3 3 Tawau Tarakan Community engagement Bogor Bogor Regency Balikpapan Jakarta 5 Banyuwangi Tangerang Selatan Ansan Changwon Semarang 4 Dangjin Kaohsiung Dobong-gu Hsinchu Gangdong-gu New Taipei Gwangmyeong Pingtung Hwaseong Taichung Michuhol-gu Tainan Seoul Taipei Suwon Taoyuan Yeosu

27 28 EUROPE

72% of European cities reported a 75% city-wide emissions inventory 1 3 6 9 Ærøskøbing Coventry Cambridge Águeda of European cities reported a of European cities reported a Copenhagen Birmingham Essex Amarante 64% Egedal Leicester Southend on Sea Braga total of 917 mitigation actions city-wide emissions reduction target Fredensborg Nottingham Fafe Gladsaxe West Midlands 7 Guimarães Helsingør Wolverhampton Amsterdam Ovar Top mitigation actions reported by cities of European cities reported a Hoeje-Taastrup Alkmaar Porto Hørsholm 4 Rotterdam Valongo 66% climate action plan Hvidovre Cardiff The Hague Viseu Jammerbugt Bristol 8 10 Middelfart Bath and Energy efficiency/retrofit measures Odder North East Somerset Ferrara Barreiro of European cities reported an Roskilde Somerset West Padova Cascais Sønderborg and Taunton Venezia Lisbon 74% adaptation plan Mafra Low or zero carbon energy supply generation 2 5 Sintra Bradford London Torres Vedras Greater Manchester Richmond Kemi Improve fuel economy and reduce CO from Kirklees Slough Manchester Wandsworth motorized vehicles Barcelona, Spain Umeå LED/ CFL/ other luminaire technologies Proving that renewables can, Akureyri Trondheim and must work for all On-site renewable energy generation Lahti Reykjavík Helsinki Barcelona is just one European city working to be Turku Porvoo Bergen Improve fuel economy and reduce CO Oslo Uppsala Örebro powered by 100% renewable energy. In 2018, the Bærum Espoo Tallinn from bus and/or light rail Stockholm Catalan capital took the responsibility of powering Arendal Tartu Sandnes Pärnu its streets, homes and offices into its own hands. Västervik To become self-sufficient, and provide energy that Riga Klaipeda is “clean, affordable, and democratic for all” the Trelleborg Edinburgh 1 Lund city established Barcelona Energia (BE) the public Moscow Derry City & Strabane Newcastle company purchasing renewable energy direct from Durham Gdynia 148 South Lakeland Greifswald 2 York Rostock source. First, BE powered Barcelona City Council’s European cities are taking 3 Norwich 7 Berlin Warsaw buildings and facilities, and, in 2019 it started providing 6 Nijmegen 781 adaptation actions BCP Council 4 5 its services to populations. Finally, in 2020 it began (Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole) Brussels servicing the city’s businesses too. Fast forward to Cornwall Brighton & Hove Heidelberg Winchester Mannheim Top adaptation actions reported by cities 2021, and the public company is providing clean and Plymouth Paris Nancy Métropole accessible energy to 3,500 homes and businesses Dijon Métropole Botosani across the city, and this is only set to increase to new Basel Zürich Iasi Flood mapping Nyon Bolzano heights: in 2020 alone, BE saw a huge 99% in growth. Ljubljana Alba-Iulia Torino Milano 8 Beyond emissions cuts, the benefit to populations Monaco Bologna; Parma Tree planting or the creation of green space is clear — customers save at least 85€ annually Nice Métropole Rimini Sofia by shifting to Barcelona Energia, and can have a Vitoria-Gasteiz Genova Chieti Podgorica Istanbul Zaragoza La Spezia Incorporating climate change into long-term Mirandela L’Aquila greater stake in crucial decision making processes 9 Parma Roma planning documents Barcelona Lucca Napoli Balikesir by joining BE’s User Council. In this way, the capital Firenze; Figueira da Foz Madrid Gaziantep Prato Bursa Nilüfer and its energy company are fully transparent with Castelo Branco 10 Coruche Crisis management including warning and Évora Kadiovacik evacuation systems populations, enabling them to play an active part in Murcia Athens Denizli Lagos Loulé Adana Odemira Mezitli driving the transition to 100% renewable energy. Faro Málaga Gibraltar Seferihisar Community engagement

Funchal

across representing

169 cities 28 countries 109 million people 28 Please note that the data on this page represents the geographical area of Europe. For data representing only the 27 EU member states & EFTA countries, please see here. 29 30 LATIN AMERICA

8 of Latin American cities reported Ayto. = Ayuntamiento Boa Vista PSMP de Águas da Prata PSMP de Cordeirópolis Munic. = Municipalidad PSMP de Alexânia PSMP de Cruzeiro do Sul 54% a city-wide emissions inventory City of Goiânia 56% Mpio. = Municipio City of Salvador PSMP de Anapolis PSMP de Cuiabá PSMP = Prefeitura Munic. of Belo Horizonte PSMP de Angra dos Reis PSMP de Dois Irmãos Munic. of Campinas PSMP de Aracaju PSMP de Duque de Caxias of Latin American cities reported Munic. of Curitiba PSMP de Bertioga PSMP de Extrema of Latin American cities 1 Munic. of Fortaleza PSMP de Betim PSMP de Fernandópolis reported a total of 1,192 a city-wide emissions reduction Aipromades Lago de Chapala Munic. of Porto Alegre PSMP de Boa Ventura PSMP de Florianópolis 9% Ayto. de Apodaca Munic. of Recife PSMP de Botucatu PSMP de Goiás (Goiás Velho) mitigation actions target Ayto. de Casimiro Castillo 1 Mpio. de Aparecida PSMP de Brasiléia PSMP de Guanhães Ayto. de Celaya Munic. de Itacoatiara PSMP de Brumadinho PSMP de Guarujá Ayto. de Chihuahua Petrolina PSMP de Brusque PSMP de Guarulhos of Latin American cities reported Ayto. de Hermosillo PSMP da Cidade de São José do Rio Preto PSMP de Cáceres PSMP de Itatiba Top mitigation actions reported by cities Ayto. de Morelia PSMP de Campina Grande PSMP de Jaguariúna 27% a climate action plan Ayto. de San Miguel de Allende PSMP de Campo Grande PSMP de Jundiaí Ayto. de Tonalá PSMP de Campos de Goytacazes PSMP de Limeira Ayto. de Uriangato 2 PSMP de Carnaúba dos Dantas PSMP de Londrina Ayto. de Victoria (Tamaulipas) PSMP de Caruaru PSMP de Lorena Recyclables and organics separation from Ayto. de Xalapa PSMP de Conde (Paraíba) PSMP de Maceió of Latin American cities reported Ayto. de Zapopan Puerto Cortés PSMP de Monteiro Lobato other waste 39% Ayto. Victoria Esquías PSMP de Morungaba an adaptation plan Ciudad de Juárez Alcaldía de Tegucigalpa PSMP de Niterói Ciudad Madero PSMP de Nova Friburgo Gobierno Municipal de León de los Aldamas 3 Energy efficiency/retrofit measures Gobierno Municipal de Toluca de Lerdo 4 Mpio La Chorrera JIRA Mpio. de Bucaramanga Ocú JINOR Mpio. de Cajamarca JIAS Mpio. de San Pedro de Urabá LED/ CFL/ other luminaire technologies JICOSUR City of Georgetown San Sebastián de Mariquita 4 Lima, Peru JISOC Santiago de Cali JIDELAA JIMAV 5 Recycling or composting collections and/or COVID-19 recovery in safe and zero emissions JIRCO Distrito Metropolitano de Quito JIMAL Lince facilities transport for populations Metropolitan Muni.of Lima Mexico City Alcaldía de Cuenca Munic. de Tampico Munic. de Comas Mpio. de Loja Munic. of Irapuato Munic. de Magdalena del Mar Munic. of San Pedro Tlaquepaque Munic. de Miraflores On-site renewable energy generation From March 2020, Peru went into a state of Mpio. de Querétaro Munic. de Provincial de Arequipa Mpio. de Torreón Munic. de San Borja national emergency in a bid to tackle the then Region Metropolitana de Guadalajara Munic. de San Isidro (Lima) Munic. de Santiago de Surco Uruapan 5 Green space and/or biodiversity preservation novel coronavirus. Over a year since COVID-19 XIV Ayuntamiento de La Paz Munic. Distrital de Ate Munic. Distrital de Chimbote 8 and expansion first upheaved the world, the city is looking at how 2 Munic. Distrital de Jesús María Munic. Distrital de La Molina Guatemala City Munic. Provincial de Callao it can protect its people, enabling them to travel Munic. de La Paz Mpio. de Escuintla Munic. Provincial de Chiclayo Mpio. de Guanagazapa Puente Piedra in a safe, zero emissions way. Lima is doing this Mpio. de Iztapa San Pedro Yepocapa 6 by strengthening its cycling infrastructure and 3 A lcaldia de Valdivia Tarija Munic. de Valparaíso motivating its population to take up this new, safe Alajuela Munic. Cerro Navia 7 212 Concejo Munic.de Distrito de Monte Verde Munic. de Concepción and zero emissions option — currently, only 1.1% of Montes de Oca Leandro N. Alem Munic. de Independencia Munic. de Belén Lincoln Latin American cities are Munic. de La Serena people in the capital cycle. The city is working hard Munic. de Cañas Maggiolo Munic. de Peñalolén Munic. de Desamparados Malabrigo taking 998 adaptation actions Munic. de Providencia 8 Munic. de La Unión Malargue 6 to deliver more than 400km of cycle lanes, and Munic. de Santiago Munic. de Quepos Mariá Grande PSMP de Nova Santa Rita Munic. de Talca Munic. de San José Monte Buey PSMP de Osasco there are plans to build a total of 1,000km by 2035 Munic. de Temuco 7 Oreamuno Munic. de Avellaneda PSMP de Palmas Top adaptation actions reported by cities Munic. de Vitacura Paraíso Munic. de la Ciudad de Neuquén PSMP de Pau Brasil to connect the 43 districts in the metropolitan area. Región Metropolitana de Santiago San Rafael de Heredia Munic. de Montecarlo PSMP de Pedreira San Pedro de la Paz Intendencia de Montevideo Santa Ana Munic. de Rio Grande PSMP de Pilões In this way, Lima is demonstrating how cities in the Santa Bárbara Munic. de Vicente López PSMP de Porto Velho Zarceroo 7 Munic. Venado Tuerto PSMP de Presidente Prudente Tree planting or the creation of green space region are working fast to protect their population A lmafuerte Munic. of Bragado PSMP de Quissamã 4 A requito Munic. of Coronel Dominguez PSMP de Rio Branco and tackle the climate emergency. Alcaldia de Barrancabermeja A rmstrong Munic. of Corrientes PSMP de Santa Bárbara Alcaldia de Cartago A rteaga Munic. of Guaymallén PSMP de São Bento do Una Flood mapping Alcaldia de Floridablanca Balcarce Munic. of Lobos PSMP de São Cristóvão Alcaldía de Ibagué Camilo A ldao Munic. of Rauch PSMP de São Leopoldo Alcaldia de Madrid Carcarana Munic. of Resistencia PSMP de São Luís Alcaldia de Manizales Carlos Tejedor Munic. of San Antonio de Areco PSMP de São Paulo Community engagement Alcaldia de Mosquera Caseros Oberá PSMP de Serra Talhada Alcaldia de Pasto Ceres Oliva PSMP de Sorocaba Alcaldia de Pereira Cerrito Plottier PSMP de Tangará da Serra Alcaldia de Rionegro Chacabuco Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña PSMP de Tatuí Alcaldía de Sincelejo Chañaritos Pronunciamiento PSMP de Tremembé Hazard resistant infrastructure design and Alcaldía de Tunja City of Buenos A ires Puerto Madryn PSMP de Tupã construction Alcaldía de Villavicencio Ciudad de Mendoza Quemú Quemú PSMP de Vinhedo Alcaldía Distrital de Barranquilla Concepción del Uruguay Ramona PSMP de Vitória Alcaldía Distrital de Santa Marta Correa San Carlos Sud PSMP do Município de Maringá Alcaldía Municipal de Armenia Crespo San Justo PSMP do Rio de Janeiro Crisis management including warning and Beteitiva General Lagos San Martin de Los Andes PSMP Municipal de Araçatuba Bogotá Distrito Capital General Pueyrredon San Miguel PSMP Municipal de Cabreúva evacuation systems Busbanza Gobernador Maciá Santa Anita PSMP Municipal de Caieiras Corrales Gobierno Municipal de la Ciudad de Paraná Transito PSMP Municipal de Canoas Floresta Godoy Cruz Uranga PSMP Municipal de Capivari Gámeza Gualeguaychú Villa Amelia PSMP Municipal de Cerquilho Itagüí Guaminí Villa Carlos Paz PSMP Municipal de Contagem Mongua Junín Villa de Merlo PSMP Municipal de João Pessoa Mongui Justiniano Posse Villa de Soto PSMP Municipal de São José dos Campos Munic.of Medellín La Francia Villa Gobernador Gálvez PSMP Municipal de Sertãozinho Munic. de Tópaga La Paz Villarino PSMP Municipal de Sumaré across representing

293 cities 14 countries 145 million people

31 32 NORTH AMERICA

of North American cities 82% reported a city-wide emissions 81% inventory of North American cities of North American cities reported a total of 1,188 73% reported a city-wide emissions mitigation actions reduction target

Top mitigation actions reported by cities of North American cities 69% reported a climate action plan

Energy efficiency/retrofit measures 63% of North American cities reported an adaptation plan Building codes and standards

Anchorage On-site renewable energy generation Knoxville, USA Low or zero carbon energy supply generation Weatherization programs cut carbon pollution, save money and improve public health Improvement of fuel economy and reduction of CO from motorized vehicles Knoxville is Tennessee’s third most populous city with Prince George over 186,000 people and roughly 5% of people living in Edmonton 21 Abington Township the city are unable to pay their utility bills, putting them 1 Vancouver Saskatoon Greater Sudbury Philadelphia North Vancouver Calgary at risk. In response, the city and community partners Hamilton Pittsburgh Victoria Surrey Kingston Winnipeg have been working to weatherize many of the older, Kitchener 22 2 1 London Jersey City less efficient homes. Much of this work comes from Mississauga Maplewood Township Montreal Princeton the city’s Smarter Cities Partnership. This came to a Honolulu 3 Montreal 180 Ottawa 8 Secaucus 18 Halifax Peterborough 9 12 York full head in 2015 with the launch of Knoxville Utilities 13 Bridgewater 23 North American cities are St Catharines 5 19 20 Portland Omaha Baltimore Board’s (KUB) Round It Up programs and the Knoxville Thunder Bay 7 21 taking 1,112 adaptation actions 10 14 17 22 Providence Greenbelt Toronto Las Vegas 23 Extreme Energy Makeover program, which was a Columbia Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments Whitby 4 Henderson 24 Windsor Santa Fe County 15 Louisville Takoma Park joint partnership with Tennessee Valley Authority 6 Albuquerque Fayetteville 25 Top adaptation actions reported by cities 2 4 17 24 (TVA), KUB, the Knoxville-Knox County Community Seattle Sacramento Columbia Cuyahoga County Arlington 11 16 Action Committee, the Alliance to Save Energy, and Spokane San Diego Columbus Charlottesville Savannah Tacoma San Francisco Cleveland Richmond the City. Since 2015, these programs have resulted in 8 26 Cincinnati Flood mapping 3 San José Natchez San Leandro Dane County Birmingham Toledo investments in excess of USD 17 million to weatherize Ashland 25 San Luis Obispo Eau Claire Beaverton 18 Asheville low-to-moderate income homes. More than 1,800 Santa Cruz La Crosse Bend Chapel Hil Community engagement Santa Monica Milwaukee Burlington Eugene Charlotte households have benefitted, with families seeing a West Hollywood Racine Guilford Milwaukie Twin Cities Metropolitan Council Durham reduction of USD 15-20 monthly in their utility bills. Portland 5 19 Greensboro Storm water capture systems 9 Orange County Summit County Albany The partnerships have led to additional community 4 Des Moines Raleigh Park City Buffalo Alameda Dubuque 14 Wilmington Salt Lake City New York City resources to advance this valuable work through Berkeley Carmel Rochester Winston-Salem Tree planting or the creation of green space Culver City 6 10 Bloomington Saratoga Springs new programs like TVA’s Home UpLift program. Dublin Kansas City Indianapolis 26 Flagstaff 13 20 These city and utility partnerships help lower-income Emeryville Phoenix Wichita South Bend Boynton Beach Incorporating climate change into long-term Encinitas Tempe Alton Boston Broward County residents and ratepayers afford to live comfortably Fremont 11 Aurora 15 Cambridge Hallandale Beach planning Hayward 7 Austin Chicago Nashville & New Bedford Hollywood in their home, improve indoor air quality, and reduce Long Beach Aspen Dallas 12 Chicago Metropolitan Mayors Caucus Davidson County Somerville Key West Los Angeles Boulder Denton Ann Arbor Evanston Memphis Salem Miami community carbon emissions. To quantify this Manhattan Beach Boulder County El Paso Detroit Highland Park Knoxville Beverly Miami Beach Miramar Breckenridge Fort Worth Grand Rapids Lake Forest Lexington Orlando impact, Knoxville and partners have conducted Oakland Denver Houston Holland Park Forest 16 Northampton St. Petersburg studies on cost savings and health benefits of the Palo Alto Lakewood Plano Mid-America Regional Council South Barrington New Orleans Wellfleet West Palm Beach Piedmont Vail San Antonio St. Louis Urbana Gretna Medford Winter Park program. And there is a clear one — each home costs around USD 8,000 to upgrade — compared to around across representing USD 20,000 for a three-night hospital stay for an asthmatic child.

195 cities 2 countries 97 million people

33 34 OCEANIA

90% of Oceanian cities reported a 67% city-wide emissions inventory of Oceanian cities reported a 71% of Oceanian cities reported a total of 115 mitigation actions city-wide emissions reduction target

of Oceanian cities reported a Top mitigation actions reported by cities 67% climate action plan

Energy efficiency/retrofit measures of Oceanian cities reported an 76% adaptation plan Low or zero carbon energy supply generation

Recyclables and organics separation from other Adelaide, Australia waste Building resilience to protect populations and mammalian climate refugees LED/ CFL/ other luminaire technologies The City of Adelaide, capital of South Australia, has Improve fuel economy and reduce CO from been working to cut emissions and tackle climate motorized vehicles risks for many years — the most significant of which are increased temperatures, and extreme summer heat, combined with overall drying. So extreme are these risks that in January 2019, a new daytime record temperature of 46.6°C was set. As well as humans, another species impacted is the Grey Headed Flying Tweed Shire Fox, a threatened native megabat native to Australia Byron Shire 16 originally from hundreds of kilometers away on the Oceanian cities are taking east coast. However, urban sprawl, habitat destruction, Perth 95 adaptation actions bushfires, and drought, exacerbated by climate Mandurah Newcastle change, have contributed to their displacement. Top adaptation actions reported by cities The City considers them climate refugees that have West Torrens Sydney Auckland Adelaide chosen the city parklands as a new home, and today Mount Barker Wollongong there are around 26 thousand flying foxes in central Canberra Flood mapping Rotorua Adelaide since they first settled in 2010.

Melbourne Community engagement Hobsons Bay Port Phillip On hot days, bats can come into close contact with humans by moving down trees and reaching Wyndham Maribyrnong Wellington Sea level rise modelling lower ones to access water, sometimes falling from the canopy. Many young bats die in extreme Heat mapping and thermal imaging temperatures, and the population can sadly lose thousands in a single day. What’s more, the flying Hobart foxes can carry diseases which pose a health hazard Storm water capture systems Dunedin to people. To tackle this, Adelaide is taking actions such as monitoring heat and humidity around the bat camp, educating the community on public health risks, using on-ground sprinklers for cooling, training and immunization for bat retrieval crews, and coordinated patrols in extreme weather. During heatwaves, the city establishes temporary vet stations to triage and treat bats, engaging the public via social media to ensure across representing they know how to manage risks and support the city’s plans. The city knows it must keep its people safe as risks to their health grow, and is working with partners to install sprinklers in the tree canopy to keep the bats countries cool and safe from falling, and people on the ground 21 cities 2 4.3 million people safe from the risk of illness.

35 36 DISCLOSURE INSIGHT ACTION

Lead Author: Maia Kutner Asia and Oceania Communications, Design and Media Data Analysts: Arminel Lovell, Karl Arpon Hanah Paik Lead: Devika Jina Eri Kakuta Helena Cicmil The CDP Cities team Sandy Morris Sarah Leatherbarrow Dan Hanson Europe, Middle East and Africa Susan Clandillon Chang Dengbeck Chris Dixon O’Mara Arminel Lovell Gayaneh Shahbazian Étienne Métais A special thank you to the following Hannah Yu-Pearson Ravina Singh team members who are no longer Imogen Jacques at CDP: Abril Carranza, Anvita Dulluri, Karl Arpon Latin America Carlos Soto, Catherine Higham, Kyra Appleby Gracia Ting Mei, Sarina Hotchandani, Laura Parry Laurie Kerr Guilherme Ponce Tallulah Cherry, and Zachary Joseph Luca Picchio Hannah Corina Maia Kutner For questions about cities Nienke Meinsma disclosure, email [email protected] Rachel Carless North America Sandra Swanson For media enquiries, contact Tim Hendry Allison Hooks Amy Kao [email protected] Colin Tetreault Katie Walsh William Hsu

The data for this report was collected in partnership by CDP and ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability.

CDP Worldwide Level 4 60 Great Tower Street London EC3R 5AD Tel: +44 (0) 20 3818 3900 [email protected] www.cdp.net