CENSUS OF INDIA 1961
VOLUME IX
. MADRAS
PART V - A (i) SCHEDULED CASTES AND TRIBES (REPORT & TABLES)
P. K. N AMBIAR
OF THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, MADRAS. 1964 77" 78" 77' 'Ii E N N MADRAS STATE ANDHRA PRADESH ADMINISTRATIVE D~VISIONS SCALE 40 (Jl Hlk!s 201!!!! 10 ~ I ire; ! : ; ; I j, (Jl 100 rJ ,,_... 20 10 0 40 tel u'
MYSORE
II'
KERALA ,
REFERENCE
10' Stale Boundary
Dislrlct Boundary PALK 'STRA.IT
Taluk 'Bounduy
Slate Head ~.... » District Head Qu_ -e ~~~\ Tall1l, Head Quarter» • ~
Railway Line (D. G) , ~
IIailway Line 1M. G) ," National Hlqhway. Slate Hiqhwa.,. ,"
Rlvar with SIrea.m ~ eULF ~ ,MA.NA-AI
I
N .... ,- n.., N ..... of the TaM, wher.... dlff Census Report-Vol. IX will relate to Madras only. Under this series will be issued the following Publications. Part I-A General Report (2 volumes) I-B Demography and Vita] Statistics '" I-C Subsidiary Tab]es * Part II-A General Population Tables "* II-B (I) General Economic Tables B-1 to B-IV * II-B (II) " B-V to B-IX * II-C (I) Cultural Tables II-C (II)-(i) Migration Tables D-I to D-V II-C (II)-(ii) Migration Tables D-VI * Part III Household Economic Tables • Part IV-A Report" on Housing and Establishments * IV-B Housing and Establishment Tab]es t Part V-A (i) Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Report & Tables SCT I and II) V -A (ii) .. .. (Tables) V-B Ethnographic Notes on Scheduled Tribes (2 volumes) V-C Todas V-D Ethnographic Notes on Scheduled Castes V-E Ethnographic Notes on Denotified and Nomadic Tribes '" Part VI Village Survey Monographs (40 Nos.) * Part VII-A Crafts and Artisans (9 Nos.) VII-B Fairs and Festivals * Part VIII-A Administration Report - Enumeration} For official • VIII-B Administration Report - Tabulation use only Part IX Atlas of the Madras State Part X Madras City. (2 volumes) District Census Handbooks on twelve districts Part XI Reports on Special Studies '" A Handlooms in Madras State '" B Food Habits in Madras State C Slums of Madras City D Temples of Madras State (5 volumes) E Physically Handicapped of Madras State F Family Planning Attitudes: A Survey Part XII Languages of Madras State * Already published t Present Volume PREFACE In I961 Census, special tables have been prepared on each Scheduled Caste and Tribe in the State. They cover religion, age, marital status, education, mother tongue, bilingualism and economic activity. In addition, a report has been prepared giving a comparative study of the general characteris tics of the Scheduled Castes and Tribes. This volume-Part V-A (i) presents the general report and two tables of the series SCT I and SCT II. Both are in two parts-SCT I Part A gives the industrial classification of persons at work and non·workers by sex for Scheduled Castes. Part B gives similar information on Scheduled Tribes. SCT II Part A gives age and marital status for Scheduled Castes and Part B for Scheduled Tribes. Other tables will be found in the companion volume Part V-A (ii). I wish to express my gratitude to Sri T. B. Bharathi, my Deputy Superintendent of Census Operations who has devoted great attention to the analysis of the data relating to Scheduled Castes and Tribes. I also add my tribute to the following members of my staff for their assistance in bringing out this volume: Sri N. Rama Rao, Tabulation Officer Sri A. Sebastian 1 Sri M. A. Rayappan >- Lower Division Clerks Sri R. Srinivasan J P. K. NAMBIAR CONTENTS .,. Chapters Pages I Introduction 1-16 II Population Trends 17-27 III Age and Marital Status 28-36 IV Literacy and Education 37-58 V Workers and Non-Workers 59-75 VI Migration 76-90 Tables Fly leaf for SeT Tables 93-97 SCT I Fly Leaf 101 SCT I Part A Industrial classification of persons at work and non-workers by sex for Scheduled Castes - Rural .. - Urban SCT I Part B Industrial classification of persons at work and non-workers by sex for Scheduled Tribes ~ Rural 218-241 - Urban 242-261 " " SCT II Fly Leaf 265 SCT II Part A Age and Marital Status for Scheduled Castes 266-393 SCT II Part B Age and Marital Status for Scheduled Tribes 394-433 Appendices I to IV 436"455 Map Administrative Divisions of Madras State Frontispiece Charts Facing page I Scheduled Caste population in Districts 20 II Age Pyramids 28 III Age and Marital Status 30 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION No general or standard definition of either Sche. of caste system as can be gatbered from previous Cen· duled Castes or Scheduled Tribes can be found in any sus reports of this State. I have attempted to .repro· literature including the Constitution of India. For duce the relevant observations in the language used the purpose of this volume, Scheduled Castes mean by the respective Superintendents from 1871 to 1951, such castes, races or tribes or parts of or groups within wherever it is not an exact quotation from the text. such castes, races or tribes as are dec1ared to be 1(171 Census Scheduled Castes by the President of India, by pub. lie notification under Article 341 (1) of the Constitu. Dr. Cornish, as early as 1871, in an interesting tion of India. Similarly, Scheduled Tribes mean trio preliminary dissertation on caste has stated as follows:- bes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within " The subject of caste divisions among the Hindus such tribes or tribal communities as are declared by the is one that would take a lifetime of labour to eluci· President to be Scheduled Tribes under Article 342 (1) date. It is a subject upon whioh no two divisions, or of the Constitution. A list of Scheduled Castes and sub·divisions of the people themselves, are agreed, and Scheduled Tribes in Madras State with areas con· upon which European authorities, who have paid any tained in the Presidential Order which forms the basis attention to it differ hopelessly. of 1961 Census is reproduced in Appendix I. In the The operation of the caste system is to Isolate list are added the synonyms by which these tribes or completely the members of each caste or sub-caste; C.'l.stes are known in different parts of the State. and whatever a native may know of the customs of It Is not the policy of the Government of India his own peculiar branch, he is, as a rule, grossly Ignorant to associate untouchability In any form with the Sche· of the habits and customs, or the origin of those duled Castes and/or Scheduled Tribes. Article 17 of outside the pale of his own section of the community. the Constitution has expressly abolished untouchabl. The subjeot of caste development, so far as I know, lity and forbidden Us practice in a.ny form. The has never been investigated scientifically and the enforcement of any disabUity a.rlslng out of untoucha· attempts of European writers to describe the castes bility has been made II.n offence punishable in accor· of India have generally tended to make confusion dance with law. The procedure adopted by the Presi· worse confounded." dent in declaring any particular caste or tribe as sche· Previous to the 1871 Census, a Committee of native duled does not have any dlreot reference to untoucha· gentlemen met In Madras and discussed the question bility in any form, but the fact remains that Schedu· of caste-classification and decided upon the grouping led Castes represent those communitIes which suffer or subsequently adopted in the Census Report. The have suffered from untoucha.bility in one form or other details of classification in 1871 were as follows :- chiefly by birth or caste Or by the profession which they practise and have been subjected to social disabilities. "It is not perfect, but it is, at any rate, an Similarly. Scheduled,Tribes represent simple folk, living attempt at simplifying the abstruseness, which now in hills and forests in seclusion representing relics of surrounds the whole question, and which simply repels past civiliza.tion more or less untouched by the passage the student of Indian Sociology from diving beneath of time. The classification of both tribe and caste is the surface in search of historical truth. The Commi. based on the concept of caste as practised in India. ttee started wIth the assumption that the present Though, on principle and policy, no direct reference Hindu castes must all have branched out from a few is made to caste in official records, it remains a parent stems; that from the first there must have reality ofIndian Ii fe that caste is still a dominating been a primitive division of labour, hence of caste, influence, more so in rural areas of India. Before we corresponding to the great divisions of labour now discuss the history of the c1assificatio~ of Scheduled . existing, i.e., Professional, Personal service, Commer. Castes and the principle on which this classification cial, Agricultural, Industrial and Non-productive. They is based l it will be of interest to examine the history are probably correct in stating that in ' early times the 1 present almost innumerable sub-divisions of castes did yed to classify the sub-divisions than any other test not exist, and that a large number 'are mere repetitions that suggests itself. These afe the disability to eat toget of castes in an'other' tribe and language.' Long separa her, and the disability to intermarry. It is quite certain tion and infrequent communication have led to insula that no member of one main head of Caste can either tion so complete that former union is forgotten and eat or Intermarry with the members of another main intermarriage Is prohibited. Another very large aggre head, and these dleabfUtles-sometlmes one, some gate of the population has sprung from a few root times the other, sometimes both-are carried deep castes, simply because of local variations in the mode down Into the sub· divisions of oaste. of labour. Length of time has fossilised minute • changes, and new castes have grown up. These also, • • Again, among the seventy. five speoific sub-heads from an ethnic and social point of view, remain one of main head XVI, are twenty seven Castes which and the same caste." were inoluded in a list of Aboriginal Tribes submitted 1881 Census previous to the preparation of this Report. It is not In the 1881 Census an attempt was made to record, proposed here to examine that list at any length. The more minutely than on the previous occasion. the discu8Bion of the principle on which such a list should numerous sub-divisions of castes, and to secure be prepared Is Itself a weighty matter, and, as the one material whereon to base, at some future time, a more under reference oont.ains, besides the twenty caste scientifio classification than that hitherto adopted. names already mentioned, some 45 castes names from The following were the instructions given to the other heads of the classification, covering in all a enumerators on this subject in 1871 and 1881. population of 6,703,670 or 23'52 percent of the 1871: "The caste or class must be given in column 5. so·oalled Hindu population, tbe subject is too impor If possible, the enumerator should represent tant to be disposed of lightly. Among the castes in it by some generally known word and not by this list are inoluded all the Pariahs (Tamil and Telugu) one of merely local use." aU the toddy.drawing, fishing and leather working oastes, tbe Oddars or earth·diggers, and all the 1881: "In the case of Hindus. here enter the caste Kallars and Maravars. These seven alone include as Brahman, Rajput. etc. If the name of the 5,726,199 or 85 62 percent of the 80i disant aborigi sub-division of the caste is entered, you must nals and the reason for their inclusion among Aborigi also enter the general name of the caste as a nal Tribes, while many other oastes closely related whole. . .. If possible, you should represent to them are exoluded, is not clear. the caste or sect by some generally known word and not by one of merely local use." * * * These instructions were practically identical. In The following fs the list of more important tribes which are ordinarily recognised as "Aboriginal" that doing so, two objects were kept in view. is to say" Aboriginal II in the sense that their advent " There existed certain information concerning to South India was probably antecedent to that of the Castel! as they were in 1871. classified on a certain the ordinary population : method and it was, in the first place, desirable to have Badagar 24,398 the results compiled in such form as to admit of a comparison with those of 1871. With this view, Irular 37,055 tables on the model of the latter have been prepared. Todas 689 But there is reason to believe that the classification. although wonderfully good as a beginning, is not the Kurumbars 7,875 best possible; and that, based, as it in a great measure Kotas 1,067 is, on the theory of hereditary Caste-occupation, is not Erakala 48,882 quite in accordance with the latest development of the caste system. And, therefore. with a view to Enadi 66,099 the elaboration of a more scientific system of Chentchu 5,010 classification, as well as to assist future enquiry Kaders 624 into the hist,ory and peculiarity of special castes, some additional work has been done this time. Muleer Nos. not traced * * • Puliyars -do- There are two inherent features in the caste Koravar 55,645 system which might \ perhaps be more usefully emplo- Koragas 4,458 2 Vedans 51,854 descent, their birth-place, their language or their Nagadi Nos. not traced occupation, are now drifting farther and farther apart in all everyday social and religious matters, and may Malaya1i 69,396 not intermarry and do not usually dine together." It is not suggested that this list is exhaustive, but it is much nearer the popular and local notion of the 1911 Census " Aboriginal" population than a list which classes In the Census report of 1911, it is stated as follows: one-fourth of the •. Hindu" population as "Aborigi. nal" . Both words are generally used very loosely and "The general instruction to enumerators that each unscientifically and this defect unavoidably occurs in person should describe himself according to his will treating these returns". and pleasure for the purpose of column 4 of the Census Schedule, proved a counsel of perfection rather than 1891 Census of practice. To. its literal fulfilment there existed, In 1891, the classification of castes, tribes and even apart from all oonsiderations of space and races was made on a scheme prescribed by the Censulil convenience, certain very apparent obstacles. Commissioner of India. In the 1891 Census report of * * • Madras it is stated: The main positive funotion of caste today would "Castes are grouped according to their traditio seem to be the super-abundant remedy of that defici. onal occupation, and special classes have been provided ency in practical regulation, which was noted as for non·lndian races. The term "tribe" is usually characteristic of an abstract philosophy generally applied to the semi·civilised inhabitants of mountains known as the Hindu religion. At what time the lines and forests and these are shown as a special group of of religion and of social discipline coalesoed, or by agriculturists, though some of them do not practice what degrees they tended towards coalescence, it agriculture. would be difficult to say; their coalescence was The greatest difficulty was experienced in illustrated at some previous enumeration by objections classifying the large number of entries found in the then raised against profanation of Hinduism's arcana Schedule because there is a great dearth of published by nominal inclusion in the faith of the outcast. Their information regarding the cBStea of Madra!! State." tendency to diverge, under stress of modern condi tions, grew clear in 1911, when the suggestion tha' the 1901 Censas outcast, rejected socially by Hinduism, was not a In 1901, a different olaeslficB,lon of the oastes Hindu by religion, and possibly not a Hindu In any was attempted. In none of the Censuses which took political sense, awoke to life a love for the depressed place in Madrad, castes have boon arranged in a brother that had long lain dormant. . manner which enabled their oharacterlstics to be examined in a systematic manner. The Census Report As to the theoretic defensibility, or indefenslbUIty says: of the caste idea there is something to be said, before we pass to a consideration of Its vItality today. A " The chief obstacle Was the impossibility of defin system which has endured so long and under which ing scientifically what should be considered to be a countless millions have lived, and millions still live caste. It is exceedingly doubtful whether cranial with more or less content, must needs have found not measurements (though tbey will doubtless separate the a few opponents and defenders; both, it is probable, junglemen from the trader classes, and the latter from have erred at times through excess of zeal. lti Is a the more Aryan Brahmans and immigrants from North disregard of all teachings of history to assert that thIs India), will ever succeed In differentiating the very system was never aught than the worse than worthless many semi· Dravidian castes of which the bulk of the institute of a selfish theocracy; it is no less an insult population consists, and at present so few castes have to common sense to defend the revolting doctrine that been measured that the data available do not assist at some human beings are born untouchable inheritors of all in doing so. Inter.marriage and Inter.dining are no unknown sins, and objects of just avoidance to the criteria in determining what Is and what Is not a caste." portly concentration and embodiment of equaUy In the ordinary meaning of the word, "Caste" unknow.n virtues. So far as the equality or inequality is "rather a general one than a specific term, and may of all mankind is concerned, it may fairly be conceded. comprise a number of sectIons which though they on the one hand, that varying natural ability and perhaps had originally a common tie,-often indicated varying opportunity will inevitably produce very in the name common to them all,-in their ethnic varying results and that intimate social connection 3 and intercourse between persons of widely different between rival caste groups. In former Census reports habit of life has never been, and never is likely to be, it has been the practice to deal with the subject of caste anything but a pretence equally disagreeable to both from the ethnographic point of view, to discuss the participants; on the other, that it was a mistake to origin of the institution, and to treat its present state assume that, because the social groups of one time were rather from the scientific than from the practical point obviously not all of equal position, the degrees of of view. On this occasion it has been decided to treat inequality could be stereotyped, and applied for ever the subject "from the sociological and demographical to the descendant groups of succeeding ages. aspect and not from the point of view of ethnography or origins'" It is possible that the idea of caste has struck its roots into Hindu life as a whole too deeply for its In answer to the first argument of those who would eradication to be possible, or even particularly abolish the return of caste from the Census records, desirable. But the manner of the idea's presentation it may be observed that the existence of caste is an is certainly undergoing a change. Of small account, undoubted fact; "caste is still the foundation of the are ideas of" social service", borrowed perhaps from Indian social fa bric ", and the record of caste is still Christianity, which now direct missions to the " the best guide to the changes in the various social depressed classes. Such sympathy once informed strata of Hindu society." Questions of marriage cus Vaishnavism, whose votaries are not now the least toms, education and occupations are inseparably exclusive in their daily walk and conversation; and if connected with caste; and any Census record of the the "untouchable" is willing to accept himself as population would be most imperfect without a re::;ord such, and thereby claim the commiseration of his of caste. The mere record of the strength of each twice-born brethren, it is unlikely that he will thus caste made at each successive Census does nothing to attain to, or deserve, improvement in his material or assist to perpetuate the caste system; it is a statement moral circumstances. More significant is the irritation of the conditions existing at the time, and it is possible produced by the social precedence tables of 1901, by comparing the record of one Census with another which has found vigorous expression on the part of to see how far the conditions are changing. In the many, no longer willing to admit their polluting Presidency of Madras the caste column is the one part abilities in black and white. Caste remains-there is of the Census Schedule which arouses general interest; no anarchical wish to tear up the rails on which the the Hindu public which cares not at all whether its Indian trll.ln has run for so many centuries-so does as age or occupstion be correctly returned, makes a great yet the possibility of poll'u1lfon; but with hill admission point of bavlng its caste recorded exac,ly as h wishes; ~he protestant couples It modest abnegation of his own so much so that throughout the period of the preli polluting capacities. Thus the Shanans of Tinnevelly minary enumeration the Superintendent is bombarded no longer content to "pollute without eating beef" with telegrams from various quarters complaining that claim to be Kshatrfyas; as do the "slightly" polluting enumerators are not ma.king the record of caste Pallis. Kammalans, as will be suggested hereafter, properly. The record of caste is useful as a reflection are suspected of an evolution into Brahmanhood ; of the social organization of the people and that caste Komatis disclaim aIlke liberality to Madigas and is still a living force is proved by the interest taken by vulpine intelligence:' members of many castes to have their names correctly 1921 Census recorded. The 1921 Census Report of Madras says: ...... "It has been seriously suggested that the question Before proceeding further, we must define what regarding caste should be omItted from the enumera is meant by the word .. caste" as used in Table tion schedule, that in the Census returns the classifi XIII and in this report. In the Indian Census Report cation of the population into castes, etc. should b(;) of 19l1 caste was defined as an "endogamous group suppressed, and that all discussion of the subject in or collection of groups bearing a common name and the report should be omItted. The arguments used to having a common traditional occupation, who are so support the suggestion are (1) that it is an anomaly linked together by these and other ties, such as the that a Christian Government should indirectly help to tradition of a common origin and the possession of the prolong the existence of the caste system; (2) that the same tutelary deity, and the same social status, ceremo· statistics serve no reasonable purpose as they are in nial observances and family priests, ,hat they regard accurate and (3) that the perpetuation of caste distin themselves, and are regarded by others, as forming a c~ions which a Census record implies enccurages feuds single homogeneous community"· As a rule a caste 4 contains several endogamous groups or sub,c;1.stes and Madras, and partly owing to measures taken by the it is held by some authorities that each of these groups Government in recent years to improve their conditions. ought to be regarded as a caste, and that the larger Following the established practice the ir first move in body commonly called a caste is merely a collection the direction of social advancement has been an agita of true castes who follow the same profession. Be that tion for a change of name; but they are not all of one as it may, "the man in the street" applies the term opinion as to the most desirable name, some favour caste to the larger group, and this report adopts the Adi-Dravida for the Tamils and Adi-Andhra for the same practice. The characteristics of a caste will then Telugus, others favour Dravida. As a matter of be endogamy, commensality and a common name and fact none of these names is yet established outside common traditions; though intermarriage and commen Madras and its suburbs in Chingleput." saHty seldom extend to the whole caste and are 1931 Census generally restricted to Bub-castes or endogamous groups At the time of the 1931 Census, the Census within the caste. The common name is not always Commissioner of India had issued the following instru a safe guide; nor is the common traditional occupa ctions to the Superintendents of Census Operations tion. In deference to the wishes of the representati indicating who constituted the Depressed Classes: ves of the Nadar Community the Madras Government "I have explained depressed castes as castes, have decided on this occasion not to show traditional contact with whom entails purification on the part of occupations in the Census tables; the traditional high caste Hindus. It is not intended that the term' occupation of the Nadars has hitherto been shown as should have any reference to occupation as such but to toddy-drawing; but they now claim that they are by those castes which by reason of their traditional posi tradition and inheritance lords of the soil and that tion in Hindu society are denied access to temples, for toddy-drawing was the occupation only of comparati instance. or have to use separate wells or are not vely few degenerate members of the caste. allowed to sit inside a school house but have to remain From what has already been said it will be clear outside or which suffer simila.r social disabilities. These that caste feeling shows no sign of weakening. The disabilities vary in different parts of India being political victory of the non-Brahman party in 1920 led much more severe in the south of India than else to their dominance alike in the executi ve and in the where. At the same time the castes which belong to legislature, and this roused jealousy in Brahman this class are generally known and can in most parts of quarters, which serves to keep alive B steady flame of India be listed for a definite area though perhaps the caste consciousness. The attempts which have been lists for India as a whole will not coinolde". made to improve the lot of the depressed classes have aroused feelings of resentment in some who would In his report, he subsequently amplified the prefer to keep them depressed, and this reeentment definition and suggested the following tests to deter finds expression in an intensified caste hatred. The mine who should be olassed as Depressed Classes : multiplication of caste "sangams" or associations to (1) Whe\her the caste or olass in question can be further the interests of the community has developed served by clean Brahmans or not. a feeling for the caste a.s a corporate body and what (2) Whether the caste or class in question can be may almost be called a caste patriotil'1ID. On the other served by the barbers, water-carriers, tailors, hand there is little evidence of any weakening of caste etc., who serve the caste Hindus. feeling in the face of modern economic or intellectual (3) Whether the caste in question pollutes a high influences, while religious reformers such as the caste Hindu by contact or by proximity. Buddhists, who would do away with caste, command little attention except from the fisherman and the (4) Whether the caste or class in question is one "untouchable." The coolie who works in the mills from whose hands a caste Hindu can take water. thinks just as much or as little of his caste as the (5) Whether the caste or class in question is debar Village weaver. red from using public convenience, such as, * * * roads, ferries, wells or schools. We pass next to a consideration of the castes (6) Whether the caste or class in question is debar commonly known as the "Depressed Classes." They red from the use of Hindu temples. have come int.o prominence recently partly by reason of their assertion of equal rights of humanity and (7) Whether in ordinary social intercourse a well citizenship with members of superior castes, partly educated member of the caste or class in question owing to industrial disputes with members of superior will be treated as an equal by high caste men of castes which led to serious riots and disturbances in the same educational qualifications. (8) Whether the caste or class in question is could he added and also primitive tribes. Enumera merely depressed on account of its own ignor tors could even use symbols and so accelerate their own ance, illiteracy or poverty and but for that functions. would be subject to no social disability. A danger into which aU Censuses are apt to fall is (9) Whether it is depressed on account of the that of looking too exclusively backwards. Actually occupation followed and whether but for that the Census should be Janus-headed, its gaze directed occupation it would be subject to no social forward as weH as back and indeed of the two heads the disability. forward-gazing is much the more important. In the earlier Censuses it was essential to depict the actual In his report on 1931 Census, thc Superintendent circumstances of the population. These times have of Census Operations, Madras has stated as follows: gone and enumerations now should concentrate on the "This Census has seen the first breach In tbe present and the future. It is a mistake to be tied too tradition of recording faitbfully aU castes returned. much to the past; a tree has its roots in the ground The breach was occasioned by retrenchment necessities but does not produce its fruit there. The differential and from one point of view Is to be regretted. It is is what should be studied most; its rate of change, difficult in a chapter which professedly deals with the direction and sign are of more importance in all social general subject of tribe or caste to have statistics cove investigations and study than present circumstances ring only a selection. On the other hand it is probable and still more so than past. Continuity is brought that the time has come when the elaborate caste detail forward as a reason for clinging to, e.g., detailed which has adorned or as some would say congested enumeration of caste but continuity is not always a past Census reports should be given up. It has merit. Most things reach a point after which their frequently been said that the large number of represen further prosecution brings in diminishing returns and tations from communities to have their caste name these caste tables are an instance. It in no sense altered or shown in a particular way is an indication follows necessarily from this view that caste is consi of the real and abiding interest taken by the ordinary dered of no or declining importance in Hindu life; all population in this branch of Census activity. It that is said is that for the purposes which Census might. quite as truly-if not more truly-be said that statistics should keep in view it is no longer necessary it is the fact tbat the. Census publishes caste parti to devote to caste the detail accorded in the past. culars that produces these possibly sincere but usually • • • extravagant and wearisome olalms. Caste may be an unalterable feature of Indian life but considerable Volumes have been written on caste and I have fluidity sooms to attach at least to caste namee. A no intention of attempting to increase their number. study of the applications made to recognise grandilo Nor have I the knowledge. Some estimate of develop quent eupbemisms brings much enlightenment. Indi ments during the decade may however be of interest. I vidual fancy apparently bas some part in caste nomen have received letters on this from most parts of the clature . . . . Caste is, and so far as can be seen will presidency and from all communities, some of them of remain an essential element of Hindu life but whether extreme interest and originality. The views which it is still an essential element In Census tables is a follow are based on these letters primarily. Caste different matter. Sorting:by caste Is one of the most prejudice is not a monopoly of Brahmans. This has complicated of all Census operations. The tables been frequently said but will bear repetition. It is in require a prolonged and careful check, and In the end fact more prominent at the lowest level of the commu it is doubtful whether in the famous phrase it is worth nity than at the highest. The washermen who attend while going through so much to get solittle. Political to the needs of Adi-Dravida must marry among tendency is to deal only in broad olassificatioDs, themselves; the ordinary Adi-Dravidas will not provide Brahman, depressed classes, other Hindu, and some a bride or even eat at the wedding feast. Adi such classification should be considered at future Dravidas will not drink from a Chucklers' well and so Censuses. It may be said that to adopt such a on. Pallans and Paraiyans do not live in the same village; Malas and Madigas hate each other like poison. classifioation will itself involve a de~alled sorting by caste in order to produce a broad grouping. This does The adjective I fluid' has often been applied to not necessarily follow. Instructions could easily be the Hindu caste system and with much appropriateness. given to enumerators to enter only the categories A fluid takes the shape of the vessel within which it is Brahman and Non-Brahman. Hit was desired to contained but does not alter in volume or quality. retain separate figures for depressed classes, they Much the same applies to Hinduism and the Hindu 6 caste system. If the changes which take place are real and lively distinctions'"as Mala ~ and Madiga. is examined closely it will be found that those which hardly to the good. Communities of such numerioal have an actual or believed connectiun with the origi importance and pronounced individuality should be nals of the faith of the people show no signs of real encouraged to retain and develop a pride in their alteration, whereas social incidents or customs which cognomens. are in essentials superficial change rapidly and fre quently. It is this fluidity which gives Hinduism and • • * its caste system their strength and which have ensured Despite their Jowly status, these communities and will ensure their survival. playa large and important part in the life of the presidency. It is they who furnish the backbone of • • • agricultural labour in the chief rice growing districts. The ab~ve remarks show that in the unessentials In one form or another they have been the victims of Hinduism anrl its caste system are responsive and even an agrestic serfdom wherever they have been. This quickly so. Where anything with a Sastraic founda generally took {and still takes) the form of compulsory tion is concerned things are different. Few men will advances from their employers which could nevu be defy caste opinion in these matters in their own village repaid in full and thus tied the borrower to the soil. or surroundings, whatever they may do in distant This was most noticeable in Tanjore but a parallel cities or countries. This attitude is likely to persist. system of advances produced the same effect in South What may be termed occasional nonconformity is the Kanara. It must be laid to the credit of Ceylon and most that is likely to eventuate in these matters within other estates that they have done more to raise the reasonable time. 'Women are the unbending custodi self-respect of the South Indian depressed classes ans of ancient custom' says a Tanjore correspondent worker than any other single circumstance. It is and until they move it is not likely that any essentials possibly for the same reason that emigration is oppo of Hindu observance will be seriously affected. sed in certain quarters. The Madras Government appointed an officer as Commissioner of Labour and No reference to Madras castes would be complete among his particular functions is attending to the or even representative without some considerable treat needs of depressed classes, The decade has seen much ment of those communities to which has been applied expenditure on provision of wells for them, of schools the rather unfortunate term 'Depressed classes'. This and a most important feature, the buying of house term has been retained in this report as being that in sites for them mainly in the delta areas. A notable common use and therefore of obvious convenience in example of a breakaway from caste traditions is in statistics and their discussion. Whether it is wise to ~he Nambudri who was schoolmaster in a depressed countenance such a grouping is open to doubt and the cl8.8ses school in Malabar. The Nayadi colony of terminology can hardly help to raise the spirits of those OIavakkot formed to house members of possibly the to whom it is applied. The question of names has been most condemned community in Madras has been able much in the attention of the leaders of these communi to develop its activities more than it anticipated. ties in the past ten years and to this is attributed the Recently however some difficulties have arisen through popularity of the term Adi-Dravida and to a less extent a boycott by other castes of a school which received of Adi-Andhra and Adi-Karnataka, and their returns in some Nayadi pupHs. such numbers in the caste tables. So recently as 1919, however, the Holeyas of South Kanara offered their It cannot be said that the social disabilities under thanks to Lord Pentland and the Madras Government which these communities labour are in sight of ex for giving them the name of Panchama. They would tinction despite the growth of tolerance and the not welcome it now. The same influence is at work in inevitable effect of the development of communications the arising of many fancy euphemisms some and of urban life. Distinguished individual effort such of which have the unfortunate effect of dimi as that of the Nambudrl referred to already is by no nishing the true total of persons belonging to means rare but it remains individual. Communities the communities in question. There is some thing cannot yet be said even to have altered appreciably in infinitely pathetic in the vain idea that a change outlook. I came across in a Telugu delta district a of name can reverse the stigma of centuries; yet this subordinate officer of the Labour Department occnpy community would apparently retor~ to Juliet that all ing the dak bungalow J an unusual thing for such Hes in a name. It is a mistake to encourage terms which officers, who ordinarily put up with some casteman obscure real social units. That so ugly and clumsy a in the viJJage. His castemen however shied off him, term as Adi-Andhra ShOllld come to obliterate such because of his employment, which brought him in~o 7 constant association with the depressed classes. This no whit better case than their friends left in Hinduism man was of no notably exalted caste but a Telaga. It is and in fact, since Government's ameliorative activi. probable that resentment at special consideration shown ties envisage only the latter, are really worse off. to the depressed classes in land assignment and other directions is reflected also in such an attitude, the * * * The general adoption of so peculiar an adjective resentment that the rising of the under-dog never fails as 'depressed' to define a body of people admittedly to arouse in those who have kept him down, a feature millions strong, in itself indicates a far from precise not peculiar to India. It remains however an indica differentiation. No final definition has ever been made tion of the true position in the rural areas where the so far of what constitutes' depression' in this singular depressed classes are most represented" . applicaMon of the term. What has bappened in effect The Table below enables us to see where the depre· is that the category was created by saying that certain ssed communities bulk most largely in the population. communities constituted it and thereafter communities The table shows the percentage they represent of each have been added to or removed from the original list. district's population in 1931 ; One need not wonder at the absence of any final and North Arcot 18 exclusive criteria, for too many elements enter to permit of rigid demaroation or definition. Theoreti Chingleput 28 oally it might be said that the problem conoerns Salem 13 individuals, for even in South India there arEl men who Coimbatore 14 by merit and wealth have reached a position which might fairly be termed out of the depression zone. South Arcot 26 Their numbers however compared with the total who Tanjore 22 remain is inconsiderable and as a oensus matter such Trichy 17 individual enquiry and appraisement could never be carried out. The totals must therefore, as a practical Madurai 16 measure, be those of communities or castes which as a Ramnad 15 whole can be brought within the term 'depressed Tirunelveli 16 classes.' Nilgiris 18 Among the many ciroumstances which go to produce the dcprcssed state untouchability is promin " A peculiar refinement of the untouchability theory ent and it was decided that for the purposes of this was distance pollution. This set out certain castes as census allooation to the category should follow this polluting not merely on contact, but by mere criterion. Where a community was regarded as approach. polluting higher castes by oontaot it was added to the * * list. Provision was made for purely 1000.1 untoucha All ameliorative activities are really but a means bility but such oases were rare. The list of castes to an end. Only the depressed can raise themselves; finally treated as depressed will not be identical with the function of all such activities should be to lead them the list by which the Madras Government have been to want to rise, to develop self· respect and confidence, guided in their distribution of the special oonoesslons to feel that they have a place in the sun instead of down they extend to the community ...... Differences however the drain. If the Christian church had been able to are few and affect numbers small in comparison with shake off this prejudice entirely it would have made those common to both. a tremendous contribution and the solution of the * * * problem might now be in sight. By its failure the The 1921 Report gave figures for nine communi influence it can wield is more than proportionally lesse ties under "depressed classes." The total came to ned. The valuc of emigration, easier communications 6,372,074. No attempt at an exhaustive figure was and travelling, combination, are all evident. The marle and the 1921 total for the communities treated frequent scavengers' strikes, so common of late years in as depressed in this report would be 7,003,400. The Madras towns, may be taken as signs of a growing 1931 figure represents an increase of 4·2 percent on self-consciousness which among communities so long this." Seventy three lakhs in round figure or 15t% debased is all to the good, while a strike among of the population fall under this category according farm servants in Chingleput is almost a portent. to 1931 Census. Reference has been made to the fact that many "The instructions were that eaoh person was to Ohristia.n converts from the depressed _classes are in be asked 'what he called his caste,' This form of 8 question was adopted to try to meet the difficulty the case he wanted to make out for the adoption, occasioned by the several bilingual communities in I thought it was a good word." The word Harijan Ganjam plains which are apt to give the Orlya or was used in all literature and came to be recognised Telugu name of their caste according to the language in official records. In the Government of India in which they are accosted. It is not claimed that this (Scheduled Castes) Order 1936 issued under Article 26 mode of questioning removed all obscurity but that (1) of the first Schedule to the Government of India it helped towards such removal may, I think, be Act of 1935, the term Scheduled Caste was, however, admitted. " used to denote such castes, races or tribes or parts of groups within castes, races or tribes 1941 Census which appear to His Ma.jesty in Council to correspond In the 1941 Census, caste particulars were colle to classes of persons formerly known as the cted at the time of enumeration but were not tabu depressed classes as His Majesty in Council may Ltted. The total population of Schedule::! Castes was specify. The Government of Indh Act, 1935 did not however gi ven. classify the Scheduled Tribes separately, but some of 1951 Census them were included in the list of Scheiuled Castes. This classification was adopted as the basis of the In 1951, the Scheduled Castes were communities Constitution of India according to which power was recognised as sucb under the President's notification vested In the President of India to declare Castes and Issued under Article 3H of the Constitution. The Tribes as Scheduled. population of the Scheduled Castes formed 15% of the total populatIon. Scheduled Tribes were the tribes It is the official policy of the Government of notified as such by the President under Article 342 of India and the State Government not to encourage the Constitution. The total population of the Sche d.uled Trlbes in the State was 6'36 lakhs or }'1 % of caste or untouchability in any form. But the caste the total population. system remains the main basIs of social structure even in the urban areas of India. It is, therefore, This represents tl. comprehensive survey of varied interesting to recall how the Constitution of India and interesting aspects of caste but it does not give has dealt with castes. It has by enactment of any clear idea what the concept of caste is. A further Article 46 of the Constitution recognised tllat there attempt to define caste will land me in serious diffi are weaker sections of people and in particular all the culties. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes who need protection from social injustice and all forms of Evolution of 'Scheduled Castes' and 'Scheduled Tribes' exploitation. The promotion of the educational and The foregoing discussion will show how difficult economic interest of such sections has been made a it has been to define caste for Census purposes, more specific responsibility of the State. While providing so to define Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. fundamental rights by prohibIting discrimination on The concept of depressed class was, however, evolved grounds of caste, the Constitution has thought it fit to in 1921 and the terms 'untouchables' and 'aboriginal exclude from the scope of the section any special forest tribes' were used in that Census. The term provision for the advancement of any socially and 'depressed class' was referred to as an unfortunate educationally backward classes of citizens and/or for term by Mr. Yeatts in 1931, but he used it in his report the Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes. Under as a term widely known. As Mr. Yeatts was writing Article 335 of the Constitution, special provision has these remarks, Mahatma Gandhi named the people been made for considering the claims of members of now known as Scheduled Castes by the general Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the making name Harijans. Explaining the term I Harijan " of appointments to services or posts in connexion with Mahatma Gandhi wrote as follows: "It is the affairs of the Union or of the State. Under Article not a name of my own coining. Some years ago 338 (1) of the Constitution, provision was made for the several untouchable correspondents complained that appointment of a Special Officer for Scheduled Castes I used the word 'Asprishya' in the pages of and Scheduled Tribes. It shall be the duty of the , Nawajeevan.' 'Asprishya' means literally untou Special Officer to investigate all matters relating to the chable. I then invited them to suggest a better name safeguards provided for the Scheduled Castes and and one of the untouchable correspondents suggested Scheduled Tribes under this Constitution and report to ~he adoption of the name Harijan on the strength of the President on the working of these safeguards at lts ha.ving been used by the first poet saint of Gujarat. such intervals which the President may direct. Power Though the quotation he sent me did not exactly fit was given to the President under Articles 341 and 9 2 342 of the Constitution not only to prepare a list of XII. Cases in which caste was insufficiently indi Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, but the Parlia cated. ment was given the power to modify the list by XIII. Castes foreign to the Presidency. inclusion or exclusion. ,Further, reservation of seats XIV. Caste not stated. in the House of the People and the State Legislative Assemblies for the Scheduled Castes and Tribes was In this grouping, the Scheduled Tribes of Malasar, made under Articles 330, 332 and 334 of the Constitu Malayali and Mudugar and the Scheduled Caste of tion for a period of ten years which was later extended Kurava,n were put in group VII. Paliyan, Pulayan by a special enactment. These facts show that the Cons and Paniyan (Scheduled Tribes) and Koliyan, Pallan, titution makers of India have by implication accepted Semman, Valluvan and Vettuvan (Scheduled Castes) the existence of weaker castes within the community were put in group VIII. The castes of Parayan and who need special protection. Chakkiliyan were included in group X. In lIH1 the system of grouping the castes on traditional occupa According to the Presidential Order, Madras tion was revived. In 1921, the term 'depressed State has 70 Scheduled Castes and 42 Scheduled class' was used and the following nine castes were Tribes. This list has formed the basis of enumera mentioned under this group: tion in 1961. It will be interesting to examine how these castes were treated in previous Censuses. In Adi Dravida 1871 and 1881, 27 aboriginal tribes of Madras were Chakkiliyan brought under one category. It included Paraiyars, Cheruman Shanars, Le'lther workers, Oddars, Kallars and Holeya Maravars. It included hill tribes, the present Scheduled Castes and some backward classes. The list was not Madiga exhaustive as it omitted Pulayars and Malasars. In Mala 1801, a grouping of castes was attempted on the basis Pallan of the traditional occupation. The term " Tribe" Parayan was first applied to the semi civilised inhabitants of Semman mountains and forests. The present Scheduled Castes were grouped under the category of "agricultural field The hill tribes were known as aboriginals. labourers", "leather workers", "mat makers" and As already mentioned a statutory recognition of the "tumblers and acrobats." In 1901 Census, castes Scheduled Castes was given by the Government of India were divided into 14 groups based on the standing of Act 1935. But no practical application of this Act the castes in relation to Brahmins. The grouping ,ms was made in 1941 because of World War II. The as follows: total population of the Scheduled Castes based on this Act was, however, indicated. I. Brahman and allied castes. II. Kshatriya and allied castes. Statistics of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled III. Vaisya and allied castes. Tribes in 1951 Census IV. Sat-Sudras or Good Sudras. Before the 1951 Census, the President issued a V. Sudras who habitually employ Brahmans and list of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Purohits and whose touch pollutes to a slight as statutorily fixed by tim. It was, however, indi degree. cated that the list was provisional and would be VI. Sudms who occasionally employ Brahmins as revised shortly. In that Census, particulars of purohits and whose touch pollutes. backward castes were collected in addi tion to the VII. Sudras who do not employ Brahmans as puro Scheduled Castes a9 notified by the President. The hits and whose touch pollutes. following procedure was adopted for this purpose. VIII. Castes which pollute even without touching A list of non-backward castes was given to each but do not eat beef. ennmerator. He was asked to record in the appro IX. Castes which eat boef but do not pollute priate place the name of the caste if the person to be except by touch. enumerated belonged to a caste other than that found X. Caste~ which eat beef and pollute even without in the list of non-backward castes. The enumerators touchmg. wrote the name of the caste as mentioned by the XI. Castes which deny the sacredotal authority of citizen. In ~ reality, some Scheduled Castes were the Brahmans. returned under generic names like Depressed Class, 10 Scheduled Caste and Harijan. Some beionging to Scheduled Tribes. The population figures for the Sch('uulcd Tribes Were returned as Scheduled Tribes Scheduled Castes as originally determined in 1951 and and Adi Vasis. Many caste people were returned under re-determined in 1955 were as follows :- synonyms locally used. But the sorting was under taken in accordance with the strict letter of the As amended after re President's Order and as such, persons who were As originally counting including Area determined returned, under synonyms and generic names were synonyms and in 1951 not included in the appropriate classification. The generic names result was a fall in the population of Scheduled Castes. The following were the population of Sch Oomposite Madras eduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes according to (1) State 8,533,632 8,558,301 19 H Census (2) as determined under the Constitution Residuary Madras (Determination of Population) Order 1950 and (3) 1951 State after sepa- Census, for the Composite Madras State. ration of Andhra 5,672,126 5,894,035 Meanwhile the Backward Classes Commission recom ------"------As determined und- According er the Constitution According mended certain modifications to the list of Scheduled Category to lU41 (Determination of to 1951 Castes and Scheduled Tribes and they were embodied Census population) Order Census in the Schedllied Castes and Scheduled Tribes List 1950 Modification Order, 19156. This order specified the ~----:------~-~- Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in each State 8cheullied on the basis of the Sta~cs Reorganisation Act of 1956. Castes 8,148,000 8,914,000 8,533,632 At the request of the State Government, re-sorting of Rdlerluled the Census enumeration slips of 1951 was undertaken Tribes 562,000* 596,000 635,979 in 1957 with a view to determine the population of Scheduled Castes H,nd Scheduled Tribes for each (*NoTE: There were no Scheduled Tribes in 1941. village. They included not only the synonyms and So the tribal population for 1941 Census generic names of the Scheduled Castes and Tribes, but also the new castes and tribes included by the represents the population of the tribes or Modification Order. How far this re-sorting has been communities haVing tribal origin). successful will be seen from the following comparative figures. Similar difficulty was experienced in other States abo. As reservation of seats in Legislature depended on their population there was some protest against Percentage of Percentage of Scheduled Caste the low figures recorded by Census authorities. The Scheduled Tribe District population to population to Delimitation Commission Act of 1952 was, therefore, District popu District popu amended by the Delimitation Commission Amendment lation lation Act of 1954 with a view to enable the Delimitation Commission to refix: the number of seats reserved for 1951 HJ51 1951 1951 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes· in the State He-sort Re-sort Legislature or Lok Sabha if the Census authorities could correct the Census figures at any time before Madras n'50 13'38 0'40 0'01 1st January 1956. The re-determination of the Census Chingleput 30':-32 273'84 0'18 0'39 Itl·J3 17·03 figures was specifically for rectifying any mistake or North Arcot, 0'60 0'50 South Arcot 2G.3D ~G'H) 0'18 0'29 omission including any omission arising out of the Salem j 5'29 14'62 0'02 0'82 exclusion of the persons returned under generic names Coimbatore Ui'On 14'46 0'76 0'43 or synonyms of the names of such castes or tribes Nilgiris 18·78 18'79 0'99 4'58 during enumeration or tabulation. In 1955, the prepa Madurai 15·m 15'04- Nil 0.10 17'08 17'09 0'04 rat~on of a list of synonyms and generic names to Tiruchira}JaUi 0'01 Tbanjavur 22'11 22'U; Nil Negligiblo vanous Scheduled Castes was taken up in Madras. After H,amanatba}Juram l±'HO 14'81 Negli- I " these l~sts were approved by the State Government, a gible ! j;j '23 Hi'48 Nil re-sortlDg was undertaken and revised figures worked TirunelveH " out for Scheduled Castes. This was not done for 11 But it had its limitation. Many of the persons from Census to Censm,. Again an enumerator finds it helonging to the newly added Castes and Tribes difficult to elicit information from the tribals. have been returned under different synonyms Language is one difficulty; illiteracy of the people to which were common to other castes-for instance, be enumerated is another. It is also seen that in urban MaJayalis of Salem district were returned under the areas, the households belonging to Scheduled Castes agnomen of Gounders which is used hy Vellalas and cannot be located easily nor do they like to disclose Vanniyars also, Apparently, the figures produced in their identity. They sometimes live as Pillais. Ano 1957 reviped sorting are not absolutely reliable. For ther practical difficulty experienced is the restriction instance, the population of Scheduled Tribes in Salem imposed in the notified list of certain Scheduled Castes District according to 1957 sorting was 27,552 whereas in and Scheduled Tribes to specified areas only. For the present count, the figure is 100,516. instance, Pannadi and Vathiriyan are Scheduled Castes only in Coimbatore and Salem districts, Koliyan and Vettiyan in Thanjavur district. Malayali is a Sche Difficulties in the enumeration of Scheduled Castes and duled Tribe only in the districts of North Arcot, Salem Scheduled Tribes in the present Census and Tiruchirapalli. Though about 7,000 Malayalis An attempt has been made in the present Census live in South Arcot district in as primitive condi to make as accurate a count of Scheduled Castes and tions as the Malayalis in the other three districts, Scheduled Tribes as possible. But it will be" appropri the Malayalis enumerated in South Arcot have not ate at tbis stage to refer to the difficulties faced in the been classified as Scheduled Tribes. The restriction correct enumeration and tabulation of Scheduled is not based on nativity but on physical presence Castes and Scheduled Tribes. I am adding this not to on the day of enumeration. Malayali tribal of give an idea of the complexity of the task involved, but Salem district ceases to be a member of the Scheduled more to indicate to what extent the figures published Tribe if on the day of enumeration, he was in this volume can be itccepted as reliable. Generally in Madras. These restrictions affected the specified Scheduled Castes live in exclusive localities in houses Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of Kanyakumari built in shapeless clusters. Difficulty was experienced district and Shencottah taluk of Tirunelveli district in numbering these houses in an orderly manner. and more so if they happened to move to the adjoining Again, most of the houses were huts. Painting the area which was close by and where they cease to be house number on the house was not possible. So the scheduled. It was our original intention to give a numbers were painted on a. plank and hung In front of liberal interpretation and include them in the population \he hut. The house owner! did not take sufficien~ care of the Castes and Tribes, but on the advice of the Regi of the plank; so the identification of any particular strar General, we have restricted the number to those house during enumeration was rendered more difficult censused in the areas specified for each Scheduled and the possibility of omission made greater, 'rhe Caste or Scheduled Tribe. Such a strict application tendency for the poorer sections of the people to shift of areas was not in force in 1951 as no area restrictions their huts or place of residence from place to place is existed then. To this extent the comparability of more marked with the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled figures of 1951 and 1961-has been affected. Another Tribes and as such there was greater danger of their factor which renders comparison difficult is that Kadar, escapIng enumeration. Pulayan, Malasar and Paniyan were treated as Sche duled Castes in 1941 and 1951, but now they have In forest areas, some of the Scheduled Tribes been classified as Scheduled Tribes. live in inaccessible places, The path to the tribal settlement sometime~ lies through dense forests inhabi The passing of the Andhra Pradesh-Madras Altera ted by wild animals. It is, therefore, natural for an tion of Boundaries Act, 1960 based on Pataskar Award enUill6rator to avoid visiting the placeR and do the has created some difficulties. The tribes of Yerukala, count from a distance, Some tribes like Toda, Kadar Yenadi and Sugali (Lambadi) were treated as belon > and Ma111i Malasar frequently move from one settle ging to the Scheduled Tribes in Andhra Pradesh throug ment to another. Unless particular care is taken to hout the State except the Telengana districts. These locate them, they arc likely to be omitted from the three tribes are not included in the list for the Madras Census count. A more glaring instance was the tendency State. So till 1-4-1960, these three tribes which were of some of the t.rlbes on the border areas of Kerala to treated as Scheduled Tribes in Tiruttani Taluk ceased to move from ODe side of the boundry to the other during be Scheduled Tribes on the transfer of this area to Madras, enumeration. Because of this tendency, we have seen because the Madras list of Scheduled Tribes did not con instances of slllall tribes disappearing and reappearing tain these names and there was no enabling provision in 12 the Act to continue to treat these tribes as Sche are to be treated as Scheduled Tribes. In actual duled Tribes subsequent to 1-4-1960. So in the 1961 practice, some converts have been returned as Census, Yenadi, Yerukala and SugaJi were not Scheduled Castes while a few converts have not been enumerated as Scheduled Tribes even in the transferred returned as Scheduled Tribes. An attempt was made areas of Tiruttani and other vIllages. to eliminate thIs error in the Tabulation Office. It is al ways a problem to collect all synonyms The study of the population figures of individual for the various Scheduled Castes and Scheduled castes is rendered somewhat difficult as the list Tribes found in this State. A list of synonyms was issued by the President Is far from perfect. Sri L. M. prepared in 19M. It omit~ed some. So a revIsed Shrikant, CommIssIoner for Scheduled Castes and list was prepared in 1959 in consultation with the Scheduled Tribes has stated as follows in his report Collectors of districts. The Director of Harijan for 1960: "I have always been of the view that these Welfare, Madras did not however agree wIth the lists should be prepared on a uniform RCJund and set revised list prepared by us. Perhaps he was unwilling scIentific basis and that these lists as they exist to unsettle a list already in use. After some corres today have not been prepared accordingly will be pondence, however, he agreed to adopt the revised clear from the following instances." He cites the list of synonyms which was approved by the Govern instances of the Sugalis (Lambadis), Yenadis and ment of Madras. This formed the basis of Census Yerukalas who are Scheduled Tribes for a part of enumeration in 1961. Though I cannot say that the Andhra Pradesh are not so in Telengana and the list prepared by the Census OrganisatIon ls the last adjacent States of Madras and Mysore. word on the subject, it records a definite improve ment over 1955 list. I feel tLe<;e liste can be further In the case of castes like ParayalJ, Pallan and modified in the light of the data we have collected Chakkiliyan, they are listed three or four times during the ethnographic survey of castes and tribes under different alias names. For instance, the in Madras State. following castes found in the President's list relate to the main caste of Pallans. A revised list gave room for some misunder standing on the part of the enumeration and tabulation Pallan staff. Synonyms used by certain castes are the Devendralrulathan names of cer'ain other ma.in cas\es. For ins'ance, Kudumban the Ch&kklliyans In certain areas are known under 'he Pannadi synonyms Dombarl'l. Dombara Is also a different Vathiriyan Scheduled Oaste with the synonym of Dombars. Again in Thanjavur district, some Pallars are known Kadayan by the synonym of Panikkars. But Panikkars In I{alladi o'her areas always do not belong to PalJars. Simi larly, Panda ram is a synonym of Valluvan, bu' all Likewise, Adf Dravida, Koliyan, Samban, Vetti Pandarams are not Valluvans. Again Andi Pan yan and Panchama relate to Parayan. Again darams do not belong to the Scheduled Castes. Jogi Chakkiliyan, Arunthathiar, Jaggali, Maduri and is a synonym of Kuravan. But it Is also a synonym Pagadai, belong to t,he main caste of Chakkiliyan. of Dom or Dombara in Kanyakumari area. Uralis As three or four names are found for these castes, and Pulayans are found both In the Scheduled Castes their population figures get dispersed In count and and Schedulded Tribes list. In spite of clear no inference can be drawn on their population instructions issued by us, generic names like Had recorded at various Censuses. For instance, the jans, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have population figures of Adi Dravida are as follows in four been used in the Census return. It made it difficult Censuses: for us to classify them into castes and tribes 1911 Nil separately. They were treated as "unclassIfied". Hl21 49,978 Among tlcheduled Castes, 3 4% and Scheduled Tribes 5.3% have been classified in Madras State as 1931 1.546,520 unclassi fia ble. 1961 1,763,229 According to the instructions issued by us, con· It is difficult to compare these figures unless we verts to Christianity are not to be treated as Scheduled group the alias caste names and base our study on the Castes. But in the case of Scheduled Tribes, they total figure. On the difficulty to collect accurate 13 data on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, t can such unless tbey belong or belonged to any of the or.ly quote the observations of Sri A.Mitra in his pre Backward or Scheduled Classes in which case informa face to the Tribes and Castes of West Bengal: tion as to their class is required for administrative "It has been proved many a time by official purposes. In other cases the nationality, community, statistics and non-official literature that the extrac race or tribe will be entered. In the case of Euro tion of castes in the Census cannot be accurate and in peans change in national boundaries consequent upon some cases not reliable even in a general way. Apart the present war should be ignored in stating nationa from the great variety and confusion, strange names lity. Naturalised British subjects will have the fact and distinctions thfY offer, the power of which is not of naturalisation recorded after the entry of tbeir to be under-estimated although it is generally over race." estimated by the uninitiated reader there are real The instructions given in 1951 Census regarding stumbling blocks and booby traps in the Census the filling up of particulars are reproduced below: returns themselves of which he is not expected to be aware. " "Classification of COm!~.unity :-10 this column I, however, think that we have made a bold you have to classify the person enumerated attempt to collect as accurately as possible the total according to the 'community, caste or tribe to which population figUI'es of Sebeduled Castes and Scbeduled he belongs. You will find a list of non-backward Tribes in this State. classes at the end of this circular (Annexure I). Note that this list includes Christians other than Harijans Enumeration Instructions in the various Censuses and tribes converted to Christianity and Muslims Till I!Hl, only one question was put on castes. other than Dedekula, Labbais and Mappillas. If your I bave reproduced relevant extracts of the instructions enquiries of neighbours or other households indicate given to the enumerators in the previous Censuses for that the person enumerated belongs t.o one of the filling up the question relating to the castes. In 1931, non-backward classes in the list referred to or a the following instructions were given: sub-sect thereof, write '1 '. In all other cases, ask " Column 8 (Caste) :- For Indians, enter caste as the person enumerated wbat bis caste or tribe is. He ordinarily understood but for wide castes, e. g. Nayar, may say that he is not a believer in the caste system enter sub-caste also. The class titles-Kshatriya, or that he is opposed to it or that he does not belong Vaishya and Sudra are insufficient by themselves. to any caste or tribe. In such cases, record '0'. If Enter the caste of Jains or other persons not Hindu the person gives the name of caste or tribe in answer by religion who declare themselves to have castes. Do to your question, record it in full. You should not not enter vague terms or general names such as Pillai, enter into any argument with or cross-examine, the Nayudu, Mudali, Menon or those giving locality of person in regard to the correctness or reasonableness origin such as Marwari or Bengali. of the answer given by him. Coorgs should be asked if they are Coorg or Write' A' for an Anglo Indian." , Amma Coorg'. 'Jamma Coorg , must not be entered here. I reproduce again the relevant extracts relating In the caEle of hill or other aboriginal tribes, enter to the instructioIl8 for enumeration of castes issued the name of the tribe, e.g. Khond, Irula, Toda, in connection with Hl61 Census. Kuruman. "First you must put the qm,stion "Are you a In the case of Muhammadans, say, whether a per member of the Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes1" son is a Sheikh, Saiyid, Pathan, Moghul, Labbai, If the answer is in the affirmative, you can ask him to Mapilla, etc .• ; for other subjects of the Empire and which caste or tribe he belongs. He will then give for foreigners enter race, as Anglo-Indian, Canadian, you the name of the Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Goanese, Turkish". Tribe to which he belongs. At this stage you should verify whether the name of the caste or tribe mention The inst,ructions given in 19401 are as follows :- ed by him is found in the list of Scheduled Castes and "Race, tribe or caste :-It is only necessary to Scheduled Tribes' furnished to you along with the record one of these. In the case of Hindus, the synonyms obtaining in various districts of tbe State. correct entry is caste or if the individual does not If it is found to be so include!l, write the name of the observe caste, the words" No caste". (For District of caste or tribe given by him. Generally names like birth and Mother tongue entries see Questions 17 and Harijan or Depressed Classes ehould not be used in 18). Muslims and Indian Christians will be entered as answering this question. You should explain to the 14 members of the Scheduled Caste or Tribe that this 1911 Census: Population of the castes with enumeration is being done, for the benefit of the caste territorial distribution for some Relect or the tribe and as such they should eo-operate with castes. Particulars regarding literacy, civil you by specifying the name, particular sect to which conditions by age, incidence of infirmities they belong, instead of returning tbemselves as etc. have been given for a larger number of Harijans. There are certain generic or synonymous select castes. names for the Scheduled Castes or Tribes which are 1921 Census: Population figures of the ca.stes with current in various parts of the State. These synony indications of the districts in which they are mous names of castes or tribes are shown in the list largely found. For some select castes, terri of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes supplied to torial distribution has been given. Literacy If you. the person enumerated refers to his caste or standards for all castes have been tabulated tribe by a synonym to a main caste or tribe, the and given. For some select castes infor relevant main caste or tribe as furnished in the list mation regarding incidence of infirmities should be entered along witb the synonyms within occupation, civil condition by age, birth place brackets. However, an enumerator should remember of skilled and unskilled workmen according t)bat it is necessary to have the correct details of the to their industry and occupation bave been Scheduled Castes or Tribes living in the country and given. as such special attention sbould be devoted to answer ing this question. Where the person enumerated is 1931 Census: Population of select castes and not a member of the Scheduled Caste or Scheduled tribes with their regional distributions bas Triba, mark 'X' against this column." been given. For some castes, the following data were presented: The untouchables in 1921 and 1931 were classi (I) Civil condition by a~e fied as 'Depressed Class' while in 1941 they were (2) Literacy included in the statutory list of Scheduled Castes which also included hill tribes. In 1951 and 1961, untou (3) Variation of population figures since chables were separately listed as Scheduled Castes. 1881 (for select tribes only) The hili tribes which were referred to in earlier Cen 1941 Census: Population of Scheduled Castes and suses as aboriginal or primitive were classified as Scheduled Tribes and variat.ion in popu Scheduled Tribes only in 1951. It is perhaps better lation of select tribes. not to define what exactly a Scheduled Caste or Scbeduled Tribe means. It is perhaps safer to rely 1951 Census: Apart from the total population for a definition on the data wbich we have gathered figures for the Scheduled Castes and Sche during this Census regarding the economic and edu duled Tribes/no other particulars are given. cational standards of various castes and tribes found These statistics relate to the population as well as to in this State and presented in these volumes. the regional distribution. No data can be found regarding their economic or educational growtb. In I indicate below the nature of statistics available 1921, an attempt was made to find out the percentage from previous Censuses on the castes which include of literacy among all castes. This was not done in 1931 the categories castes and tribes. in detail. In 1941 and 1951, no data has been pres I ented except giving the total population figures of the 1881 Census; Population figures of the castes and entire group. their regional distribution. Tabulation of data on S. C. and S. T. in the pr('sent Census 1891 ('ensu;;: Population figures of the castes and Though no importance is attacherl to castes in 1961 their regional distribution. The castes bave Census, au elaborate tabulation of the particulars been grouped on occupational basis and regarding Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes was religion. attempted for statistical purposes. The total figures 1901 Census: P0pulation figures of the castes and of the Scheduled Castes and Schednlei rribes for each their regional distribution. In respect of village and town have been exhibited in the Primary some select castes particulars regarding Census Abstract. The particulars for the taluks and literacy, civil condition by age, inci towns will be found in Part II-A and for villages dence of infirmities and their present and in the District Census Handbook. In Table C-VIII traditional occupations have also been given. classification by literacy and industrial category of 15 workers and non-workers are given for Scheduled 6, ST. I Mother tongue and bi-lingua Castes in Part A, for Scheduled Tribes in Part B. In Hsm for the Scheduled Tribes. SC I, the detltils of persons not at work classified by 7. ST. II Persons not at work classified sex, type of activity and eduoational levels of Sohe by sex and type of activity for duled Castes are given. Apart from these, seven Tables Scheduled Tribes. have been prepared as detailed below: These Tables give the reader the populati()n, age 1. SCT I Part A: Industrial classification of persons distribution, marital status, literacy standard, religion, at work and non-workers by sex language and occupat,ion for each caste and tribe found for Scheduled Castes. in the State. I will in the course of this report examine in detail each Table. The data conta.ined I.n these Part, B: Industrial classification of persons Tables will help the administrator as well as the at work and non-workers by Sf'X general reader to evaluate the progress made by them for Scheduled Tribes. as a group, in education, economic development and social status. It will also help us to compare the 2. SCT II Part A: Age and marit,al status for Sche relative advances made by each community or caste duled Castes. within the group of backward classes. It may, I hope, Part B: Age and marital iltatus for Sche help us in pursuing developmental work among them on duled Tribes. a more scientific and practical basis. The above are the Tables suggested by the Registrar General. In 3. SCT III Part A : addition to these, I have prepa.red for the State four supplementary Tables. The table on literacy has (i) Education in urban areas only been prepared in SCT III. A cross-tabulation of for Scheduled Castes. literacy standard by age group will throw light on the extent to which educational facilities have been uti (ii) Education in urban areas only lised during the First and Second Plan periods. A new for Scheduled Tribes. table SCT VI has therefore been prepared. Again Part B Table SCT 1 can indicate only the industries in which the workers of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (i) Education in rural areas only are employed. It cannot give the exact occupation for Scheduled Castes. of the workers employed in those industries. So SCT Vll has been prepared indicating the occupational (ii) Education in rural areas only classification of the workers employed. To study the for Scheduled Tribes. migration of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Tables SCT VIII and IX have been prepared. These 4. SCT IV Part A : Religion for Scheduled Castes. tables SCT I to IX together withC-VIII, SCI, ST I and Part B: Religion for Scheduled Tribes. II will provide a large fund of information, the nature of which has not been so far collected in any of the 5. SCT V Part A: Sample households engaged previous Censuses. They will form the basis of further in cultivation classified by in analysi!! on sociological, demographical, economical and terest in land and size of land ethnographical aspects (jf Soheduled Castes and Sche cultivated in rural areas only for Scheduled Castes. duled Tribes. As the Tables SCT I to IX and ST I and ST II have Part B: Sample households engaged in been prepared for each caste and tribe, they are of great cultivation classified by interest value in the ethnographic study of the principal castes in land and size of land culti and tribes undertaken separately by this organisation. vated in rural areas only for These notes will be published in separate companion Scheduled Tribes. volumes. 16 CHAPTER II POPULATION TRENDS Scheduled Castes Table 2.2 The population of the Scheduled Castes in Madras Composition State in 1961 is 6,067,327 consisting of 3,044,822 males Terminology (i.e. Peroent. Year Description of used to des· age of th~ and 3,022,505 females. The Scheduled Castes form the State cribe the S. Cs. to 18'01 % of the total population of thfl State. Madras S. Cs. the total has the highest percentage of the Scheduled Caetes population) in South India. The following are the figures. 1931 Madras Presidency Depressed including Ganjam Classe& Table 2·1 etc, 15·5 Percentage of 1941 Madras Presidency Scheduled Total popu- Population the S.C. popu- after Ganjam etc. Classes Name of the lation of the S.Cs lation to the State total popu went away to Orissa 16'4 lation 1951 Madras before par- Scheduled titioning of Andhra Castes 15'0 Kerala 16,903,715 1,434,817 8.49 Andhra Pradesh 35,983,447 4,973,616 13.82 1961 Madras after the l'tlysore 23,586,772 3,117,232 13.22 States Reorganisa- tion -do- 18'0 Madras 33,686,953 6,067,327 18.01 Indian Union* 439,235,082 64,511,313 14.69 With the break up of Madras Presidency the percentage has increased from 15 to 18 per cent. The (*Figures for Indian Union are taken from Census district-wise figures as in 1961 are given below; ofIndia, Paper No, 1 of 1(62) Table, 2.3 The percentage of the Scheduled Castes to the total population in Madras State is higher than Percentage of S. Cs. the corresponding figure for India. Actually, among District to the total popu- Rank all the States in India, Madras stands fourth in the lation percentage of Scheduled Castes, the first three places Madras 12.4 12 being held by Uttar Pradesh (20'91 %), Punjab (20'38%) Chingleput 28.1 1 and West Bengal (19'73%). North Arcot 19.7 4 South Arcot 26.3 2 The population of the Scheduled Castes in Madras Salem 14.5 II State forms 9'4% of the population of the Scheduled Coimbatore 15.0 10 Castes in India. This percentage is higher than what Nilgiris 19.0 5 the Madras total population bears to the total popu Madurai 15.3 9 Tiruchirapalli 17.7 6 lation ofIndia, which is 7'7%. On the basis of abso Thaujavur 23.1 3 lute popula.tion figures of the Scheduled Castes, Madras Ramanathapuram 15.4 8 ranks again, in the fourth place, the first three places Tirunelveli 15.8 7 being held by Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Bihar. Kanyakumari 4.0 13 The number of Scheduled Castes expressed as a The percentage of the Scheduled Castes to the percentage of the total population in the previous total population is higher in the northern coastal Censuses is an interesting study. districts of Chingleput, SOllth .t\r(lo~ &nQ Thanjavqr, 8 17 It is also appreciable in Nilgiris which has attra. Table 2-5 cted a large number of Scheduled Castes for employ. ment in the plantations. The percentage is low in the Composition, i.e. interior districts of Salem, Coimbatore and Madurai. Percentage distri· percentage of the It is the lowest in Kanyakumari with 4'0%, the condi. N'tme of the bution among S. Cs. to the total tion being similar to Kerala (which has only a low natural division the natural population in the composition of the Scheduled Castes). Till 1956 Kanya. divisions. natural division kumari district was part of Travancore·Cochin. The ljst of Scheduled Castes in force in Kerala has been applied to Kanyakumari District. 1. Metropolitan division. 5.2 14.9 Distribution of s.es Considering the actual population of the Scheduled 2. Palar·South Castes enumerated in each district in 1961, the percen Pennar division 35.4 22.3 tage. distribution of the Scheduled Castes among the 3. Cauvery basin districts is as follows: division 18.8 21.6 Table 2-4 4. Kongunad division 16.9 15'4 Percentage 5. Southern division 21.8 15.4 District distribution Rank 6. Kanyakumari division 0.6 4.0 Madras 3.5 11 7. Nilgiris division 1.3 19.0 Chingleput ]0.2 3 North Arcot 10.2 4 South Arcot 13.2 1 Salem 9.1 6 This shows that the Palar-South Pennar division Coimbatore 8.8 7 contains not only the largest number of Scheduled Nilgiris 1.3 12 Castes, but also the highest composition of Scheduled Madurai 8.1 8 Castes. The Cauvery basin division contains the Tiruchirapalli 9.3 5 second highest composition and the Southern division Thanjavur 12.4 2 contains the second largest number of Scheduled Ramanathapuram 6.1 10 Castes. The last place goes to Kanyakumari. Tirunelveli 7.1 9 Kanyakumari 0.7 l3 Urban-Rural break-up We will now consider the distribution of the This shows that South Arcot district contains the Scheduled Castes population in the urban and rural largest number of Scheduled Castes and Thanjavur sectors. In the State 15.3% of the Scheduled Castes occupies the second place. The four adjacent districts are found in urban areas, as against 26'7% of the of Qhingleput, North Arcot, South Arcot and Thanja_ total population. This indicates that there is lesser vur together have 46% of the Scheduled Castes in the concentration of the Scheduled Castes in the urban State. areas than in rural areas. The position varies from The percentage distribution of the Scheduled district to district. The percentage of the Scheduled Castes by natural divisions and the percentage, the Castes living in urban areas and the corresponding Scheduled Caste population bears to the total popu percentage of ,the general population living in urban lation in el1ch division are given in Table 2.5. areas are given in Table 2·6 for each district, Table 2-6 The first five groups form 94'8% of the total of the Scheduled Castes as shown below: Percentage Percentage of the gene- Table 2-8 of the S. Cs. District ral popula- in urban tion in Percentage to the total areas. urban areas. Group Population population of the Madrad 100 100 Scheduled Castes Chingleput 10.1 20.7 1. Paraiyan 3,417,264 56.32 North Arcot 12.7 20.1 2. Pall an 1,226,546 20.22 5.7 12.9 South Arcot 3. Chakkiliyan 957,337 15.78 9.1 16.2 Salem 4. Kuravan 78,470 1.29 24.5 29.0 Coimbatore 5. Valluvan 72,527 1.20 Nilgiris 49.0 43.9 ""---" Madurai 15.5 31.6 TotaL. 5,752,144 94.81 Tiruchirapalli 10.6 21.3 20.4 Thanjavur 6.8 We also find that as many as ~05,430 persons Ramanathapuram 10.8 24.8 have been returned under the generic names of Sche Tirunelveli 16.9 31.1 duled Castes, Harijans etc. and these are exhibited in Kanyakumari 13.4 15.1 the Tables for S.C. and S.T. as "unclassified." Actually This shows that when compared with the general popu however these unclassified Scheduled Caste population lation, there is higher composition of the Scheduled should belong to one or other of the castes enum Castes in the urban areas only in the Nilgiris District erated in each district. So, for the limited purpose and that in other districts (excluding Madras District) a of this chapter only, we may liquidate the figures greater composition of the Scheduled Castes is cnly under the" unclassified" and distribute them propor in rural areas. But considering the State average, we tionately among the six groups referred to in Table 2-7. find that there is greater concentration of the Scheduled The population in each group and its percentage to Castes in the districts of Coimbatore, Nilgiris, Madurai the total of the Scheduled Castes are as follows after and Tirunelveli. this distribution: Relative strength of the Castell Table 2-9 Though the President's list of Scheduled Castes Percentage relating to this State contains 79 castes, 67 castes only to the total were enumerated in the 1961 Census. We can see from Group Males Females Persons S.C. this list that some major castes get repeated, either as popu synonyms or as sub-sects. The population figures lation. caste-wise have been tabulated as they were returned but if we are to study the population trends, we may Paraiyan 1,789,355 1,768,929 3,558,284 58.65 have to group them by the main castes and then Pallan 622,395 628,883 1,251,278 20.62 study the trends in each group. For this analysis we Chakkiliyan 497,091 489,613 986,70:1 16.26 propose to do the grouping as follows: Kuravan 40,695 40,439 81,134 1.34 'table 2.7 Valluvan 37.255 37,679 74,934 1.23 _ Name of the Group Constituent castes Others 58,031 56,962 114,993 1.90 1. Paraiyan Paraiyan, Adi-Dravida. Sam ban, Total 3,044,822 3,022,505 6,067,327 100 Panchama and Vettiyan. 2. Pallan Devendrakulathan, Kudumban, This shows that the first five groups comprise as much Pallan, Pannadi and Kadaiyan. as 98'1% of the Scheduled Castes of the State. The la5' 3. Chakkiliyan Arunthathiyar, Chakkiliyan. group amounts to only 1'9% of the Scheduled Castes Madari and Pagadai. population although it contains as many as 50 4. Kuravan Kuravan. Scheduled Castes. 5. Valluvan Thiruvalluvar and Valluvan. 6. Others Within each district, the distribution of a. All Scheduled Castes not coming population of 10,000 Scheduled Castes among the six under any of the 5 groups. groups would be as shown in Table 2-10. 19 Table 2-10 Paraiyan Pallan District Chakkiliyan Kuravan Valluvan Total Group Group Group Group Group Others Madras 8,740 33 353 107 43 724 10,000 Chingleput 9,427 45 216 60 61 191 .. North Arcot 8,347 82 931 224 182 234 " South Arcot 9,330 83 216 91 6 274 " Salem 5,349 131 213 802 3,308 197 " Ooimbatore 1,351 1,171 7,009 229 122 U8 .. Nilgiris 4,911 1,261 2,137 17 52 1,622 Madurai 2,926 4,077 2,670 ]55 115 57 " Tiruchirapalli 4,714 3,443 1,477 130 131 105 Thanjavur 6,442 3,086 lI3 83 150 126 " Ramanathapuram .2,154 6,366 1,271 131 20 58 .. Tirunelveli 2,745 6,011 968 III 46 119 " Kanyakumari 6,358 679 294 127 145 2,397 " Table 2-10 indicates that Paraiyans lead in bution of 10,000 persons in each group number in 9 out of 13 districts, that PallaDs among the 13 districts would be as shown in lead in three districts and that Chakkiliyans lead in only one district. Again, the distri- Table 2-1l. Table 2-11 Paraiyan Pallan Chakkiliyan Kuravan Valluyan District Group Group Group Group Group -.----..--~------~.-<- - 1. Madras 526 6 76 282 123 2. Chingleput 1,634 22 135 457 498 3. North Arcot 1,456 41 585 1,715 1,509 4. Sonth Arcot 2,102 4 223 822 2,304 5. Salem 831 354 1,852 1,343 964 6. Coimbatore 202 499 3,786 1,502 865 7. Nilgiris 107 78 168 16 54 8. Madurai 403 1,597 1,326 938 754 9. Tiruchirapalli 749 1,556 847 905 990 10. Thanjavur 1,359 1,851 86 768 1,500 11. Ramanathapuram 226 1,899 481 601 99 12. Tirunelveli 333 2,071 423 588 262 13. Kanyakumari 72 22 12 63 78 Total 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 20 CHART' SCHEDULED CASTE POPULATION IN DISTRICTS 840 Name of the Groups aoo _ Others 760 Valluvan Kuravan 720 Palla" 680 Ch akkillyan Parayan 640 600 560 520 III zQ 4( 480 III :;) 0 :z: l- 440 i!: ::t 400 0 5 360 :::;) Q. 2 320 280 240 200 160 120 80 40 0 III I- I- UI III -t :::;) :J :::;) ~ ::i ii b ~ iii' <~ ~ " w IX Co V .J 0'" > Q 1.11 8 ::> ~ ~ ~ ~ IX iD ~ « ::;) Table 2·12 Name of the Paraiyan Pallan Chakkiliyan Kuravan Valluvan natural Group Group Group Group Group division. 1, Metropolitan division 799 11 89 319 218 2. Palar-South Pennar division 5,298 205 1,296 3,605 4,201 3, Cauvery Basin division 1,939 2,852 549 1,348 2,471 4. Kongunad division 737 1,083 5,907 2,422 1,866 5. Southern division 1,048 5,749 1,9'79 2,227 1,112 6. Kanayakumari division 72 22 12 63 78 " 7. Nilgiris division 107 78 168 16 54: Total 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 This would indicate that each caste group has its Chakkiliyan Group... Kongunad division own area of concentration. The natural division Kuravan Group Palar-South Pennar division which should be considered as the home-division of Valluvan Group -do- each caste group would be as follows: The distribution of 10,000 Scheduled Castes in each Paraiyan Group Palar-South Pennar division natural division into the several groups of Scheduled Pallan Group ... Southern division Castes is shown in Table 2-13. Table 2-13 Natural Division Paraiyan Pallan Chakkiliyan Kurava,n VaUuvan Group Group Group Group Group Others Total 1. Metropolitan division 8,996 44 277 82 51 550 10,000 2. Palar-South Pennar division 8,784 118 598 136 147 217 .. 3. Cauvery Basin division 6,041 3,1l4 476 95 162 1I2 " 4. Kongunad division 2,562 1,319 5,716 192 136 75 " 5. Southern di vision 2,821 5,424 1,479 136 63 77 " 6. Kanyakumari division 6,358 679 294 127 145 2,397 " 7. Nilgiris division 4,911 1,261 2.137 17 52 1,622 " 21 This shows that Paraiyan group predominates in Scheduled Oastes, the growth rate appeal's to be much all divisions except Kongunad and Southern divisions. more than the general growth rate. This is particularly In respect of Kongunad. the Ohakkiliyan group predo striking in the case of Ohakkiliyan group. minates and in respect of the Southern division, the Pallan group. As the population in the other groups Sex Ratio is small they cannot predominate in any division. As regards the sex ratio among the Scheduled Oastes, we find that the present sex ratio works out Growth Rate to 993 females per 1,000 males. This, in comparison In some of the previous Censuses the individual with the figures of sex ratio among the Scheduled population figures of some of the castes and tribes Oastes in the adjoining States and in the Indian Union have been computed and furnished for the Presi stands as follows : dency, Province or State of Madras, according as it then Table 2-16 existed. The years in which the population figures have been furnished for the various Scheduled Oastes State Sex ratio and Tribes are given in the form of a check-statement among the S. Os. in Appendix II. The population figures however are Kerala 1,014 not mostly comparable because of the area changes Andhra Pradesh 980 that took place in the Province and because of the Mysore 965 changes in the nomenclature of many castes. We have Madras 993 however tried to estimate the population figures of Indian Union 957 some of the main caste groups for 1921 and 1931 for the area comprised in the present Madras State except The sex ratio among the Scheduled Castes in Madras Kanyakumari District. The figures are given below: is higher than the sex ratio among the Scheduled Table 2-14 Oastes of Andhra Pradesh and Mysore, but lower than that of the Scheduled Oastes of Kerala. When com Name of the Group 1921 1931 1961 pared to all India, the sex ratio among the Scheduled Oastes of Madras is high. Paraiyan 2,385,037 2,627,260 3,532,637 Ohakkiliyan 546,963 605,492 985,517 When compared to the general population of Pallan 861,986 829,758 1,248,540 Madras State, the sex ratio among the Scheduled Kuravan 70,379 N.K. 80,624 Oastes (993) is almost the same as that for the general Valluvan 51,646 49,848 74,351 population (992). The sex ra.tios among the Scheduled Castes and Note:- 'N. K.' mea.ns Not Known among the general population in the previous Censuses From the above we could see the growth rate to be of Madras are as follows: as follows: Table 2-15 Table 2·17 Percentage Percentage Sex ratio among Group increase from increase from Sex ratio among Year of depressed classes the general 1921 to 1931 1931 to 1961 Census or S.Cs. as the case may be. population. Paraiyan 10.2 34.5 Ohakkiliyan 10.7 62.8 1931 1,034 1,025 Pallan -3.7 50'5 1941 1,006 1,010 Kuravan N.K. N.K. 1951 1,001 1,006 Valluvan -3.5 49.2 1961 993 992 General population of Madras 8.10 43.0 We see from the above that the sex ratil!) among When compared to the general population growth. the Scheduled Castes of Madras has been declining in rate in the State for the period 1931 to 11:)61, the the past three decades in consonance with the decline corresponding growth rate for the Paraiyan Group in the sex ratio among the general popUlation of appears to be low. In respect of other groups of Madras. 22 The sex ratios among the Scheduled Castes and Table 2-19 among the general population in the various districts are as follows: Year Sex ratio in Sex ratio in Table 2·18 Thanjavur Ramanathapuram Sex ratio Sex ratio among the 1921 1,099 10,89 District among the general population. 1931 1,085 1,083 S. Cs. 1941 1,037 1,063 Madras 936 901 1951 1,020 1,045 Chingleput 959 960 1961 998 1,027 North Arcot 997 989 South Arcot 997 984 We find from the above that the comparatively Salem 975 977 low sex ratios among the Scheduled Castes of these Coimbatore 976 966 districts in 1961 are the result of a continuous biologi Nilgiris 964 914 cal factor happening from 1921 onwards. Madurai 998 998 Tiruchirappalli 1,009 1,008 The sex ratios of the Scheduled Castes in the Thanjavur 998 1,016 rural and urban areas of the districts are as noted Ramanathapuram 1,027 1,060 below: Tirunelveli I,03G 1,053 Table 2·20 Kanyakumari 1,027 979 STATE 993 992 Name of the Sex ratio district Rural Urban Table 2-18 indicates that the sex ratio among the Madras 936 Scheduled Castes in most of the districts is generally in Chingleput 962 927 tune with the sex ratio among the general populations North Arcot 997 996 of those districts. But in the districts of Madras. South Arcot 998 992 Nilgiris, Thanjavur. Ramanathapuram and Kanya. Salem 974 kumari there are some recognizable variations. In 979 Coimbatore Madras, NilgirIs and Kanyakumari districts the sex 978 972 ratio among the Scheduled Castes is higher than the Nilgiris 979 949 corresponding sex ratio of the general population. Madurai 1,000 989 Tiruchirapalli 1,014 968 This is not because the sex ratio among the Sche. Thanjavur 1,000 duled Castes is high but because the sex ratio among 967 the general population is low. In respect of the Ramanathapuram 1,034 978 general population, more males than females had Tirunelveli 1,039 1,023 migrated to those districts, probably in search of Kanyakumari 1,030 I,Oll employment or for pursuing studies etc. and depres STATE 997 968 sed the sex ratio in those districts. These phenomena are not happening to that extent in the case of the We find that as in the case of the general popu Scheduled Castes and hence there is no lowering of the lation, the sex ratio of the Scheduled Castes in the sex ratio ~mong the Scheduled Castes. In Thanjavur urban areas is generally lower than that in the rural and Ramanathapuram districts the sex ratios among areas. In Salem district only we find a reverSe trend. the Scheduled Castes are lower than the correspond ing sex ratios among the general population. The sex The sex ratios among the various groups of the . ratios among the Scheduled Castes of these districts Scheduled Castes in the present and past two CenSUl~ef! in the past few Censuses are found to be as follows: are given in Table 2-21. Table 2.21 The following are the figures for Madras, Kerala, Mysore and Andhra Pradesh States and the Indian Union. Name ufthe group Sex Ratio 1921 19iH 1961 Table 2-23 Paraiyan 1.042 1,034 988 Pall an 1,062 1,060 1,010 Population of Percentage of the. Chakkiliyan 1,048 999 985 Area the S. Ts. S. Ts. to the total Kuravan 948 Not known 994 population. Valluvan 1,027 1,028 1,011 Keraia 212,762 1'26 It is seen that the sex ratios of all the Andhra Pradesh 1,324,368 3'68 groups except that of Kuravans are generally falling Mysore 192,096 O'SI from 1931. In respect of Kuravan group, it has recorded an increase from 948 in 1931 to 994 in 1961. Madras 251,991 0'75 As between the groups, the sex ratio of Pallan and Indian Union. 29,883,470 6'SO Valluvan are above parity and that of Paraiyan and Chakkiliyan below parity. (*Figures for Indian Union are taken from the The sex ratios among the Scheduled Castes in the volume, Census of India, Paper No.1 of 1962) natural divisions may be compared with the corres· ponding sex ratios of the general population. The Unlike the Schedu~d Castes, the Scheduled figures are as follows: Tribes are usually found only in hilly areas and in Table 2-22 Scheduled Areas, declared as suoh. As the present Madras State contains no Scheduled Area, and not Name of the Sex ratio . Sex ratio among much of hilly areas, the Soheduled Tribe population in natural ,among the the general the State is also comparatively low. The Scheduled division S. Cs. population Tribes in Madras State form only O.S% of the total Scheduled Tribe population in India. 1. Metropolitan 941 903 2. Palar-South Pennar 983 982 The population of the Tribes in Madras State as it 3. Cauvery Basin 1,004 1,010 existed in the last three Censuses is as follows : 4. Kongunad 985 977 1,01S 1,034 5. Southern Division Table 2-24 6. Kanyakumari 1,027 979 Nilgiris 964 914 7. Composition, 1. e. the Terminology used to Year percentage of the In the Palar-South Penna.r, Cauvery basin and describe the S. Ts. S. Ts. to the total Kongunad divisionlJ, the sex ratio among the Sche· population. duled Castes almost approximates to the sex ratio among the general population. In the other divisions, 1931 Primitive Tribes 2.84 the variations are appreciable, indicating thereby the 1941 Tribes 1.13 fact that the growth of the Scheduled Castes is diff 1951 Scheduled Tribes 1.12 erent from that of the general population. 1961 Scheduled Tribes 0.75 Scheduled Tribes The populaion of the Scheduled Tribes in Madras The above percentage figures for the various State, according to the 1961 Census is 251,991 consis decades are not comparable with one another beoause ting of 129,185 males and 122,806 females. The of the vast changes which occurred both in the Scheduled Tribes form 0'75 precent of the total popu jurisdiction of the State and also in the list of Schedu lation in the State. The percentage composition of the led Tribes. Bcheduled Tribes in the State is very low when com. pared to the percentage composition found in all· The present population of the Scheduled Tribes in India. The percentage composition of the Scheduled the different districts and the percentage distribution Tribes in Madras, is in fact lower than the corres of the Scheduled Tribes among the districts are ponding figures obtaining in the neighbouring States. given in Table 2-25. Table 2·25 Table 2.26 Percentage Adjusted Percentage to Ac~ual population of distribution Name of the tribe. popUlation the total S.Tw District S. Ts. of S. Ts. Males Females Total among the districts .. Irular 85,395 33'89 Kadar 311 0'12 Madras 674: 722 1,396 0·55 Kanikaran or Chingleput 13,642 12,685 26,327 10'45 Kanikkar 1,846 0'73 North Kattunayakan 7,039 2'79 Arcot 30.539 28,765 59,304 23'53 Kota 848 0'34 Sou~h Kurumans (including Arcot 6,843 6,693 13,536 5·37 Kurmbas) 1,557 0'62 Salem 51,308 49,208 100,5]6 39·89 Malasar 2,122 0'84 Coimbatore 10,313 9,830 20,143 7·99 Malayali 135,308 53'73 Nilgiris 6,681 6,267 12,948 5·14 Mudugar or Muduvan 140 0'06 Madurai 2,829 2,681 5,510 2·19 Paniyan 4,863 1'93 Tiruchira- Palliyan (including palli 4,512 4,289 8,801 3·49 Palleyar) 1,831 0'73 Thanjavur 140 133 273 O·ll Pulayan 3,219 1·28 Ramanatha- Sholaga 6,507 2'58 puram 397 395 792 0·32 Toda 726 0'29 Tirunelveli 370 333 703 0'28 Others 189 0'08 Kanyakumari 937 805 1,742 0'69 STATE 129,185 122.806 251,991 100 This shows that the Malayali forms the biggest This shows that Salem district contains the tribe with 53.7% and next to it is the Irular with largest concentration of the Scheduled Tribes in the 33'9%. The Sholagas, Kattunayakans, the Paniyans State with 39'89%. The Scheduled Tribes in this and the Pulayans, are also fairly appreciable in district are mostly the Malayalis. Next to it is strength. The well known tribes of Toda, Kota, North Arcot with 23'53%, composed again mostly Kadar and Mudugar are seen to be minor ones from of Malayalis. The tribal areas of Coimbatore and the point of view of their numbers. They are each less Nilgiris districts containing some well known tribes than 1,000 in number. like Kadar, Toda, Kota etc. have only 7'99 and Urban· Rural break up 5'14 percents respectively. It is found that 5.69% of the Scheduled Tribes Relative strength of the Tribes have been enumerated in the urban areas of the State. In 1961 as many as 13,442 persons have been As the traditional habitats of the Scheduled Tribes are returned as Scheduled Tribes under generic names. mostly included in rural areas, the percentage These have been grouped and given as "unclassified". of the Scheduled Tribes found in urban areas indicates The unclassified group contains as much as 5'33% of to some degree, the extent of their migration to urban the total Scheduled Tribes. If the number of the areas. In some cases however, urban tracts have " unclassified" Tribes in each district is distributed extended into tribal areas as in Ootacamund, Valparai, among the individual population figures of the Tribes Kodaikanal, Papanasam etc. and that accounts for found in those districts, on pro·rata basis and then some increased proportion of the Scheduled Tribes added up, the estimated strength of the variolls_important in the concerned districts. The percentage of the Scheduled Tribes in the State and relative strength of Scheduled Tribes found in urban areas of the districts the tribes would be as in Table 2.26. is given in Table 2-27. 4 Table 2.27 1961 when a small rise is noticed. The Mudugars' . population which was 752 in 1901 has dropped to Percentage of S. T. Popu. Total S.T. the S. Ts. mere 119 in 1961. This is partly attributed to the classi District lation in Popu- found in urban fication of some of them under the generic name of urban areas lation areas to total Scheduled Tribe. The population of the Pulayans is S. Ts. also decreasing from 1911. Sholagars on the other Madras 1,396 1,396 100'00 hand show an increase. Sex Ratio Chingleput 3,087 26,327 11'73 , The present sex ratio among the Scheduled Tribes North of the State is 951 as against 992 for the general popu Arcot 724 59,304 1'22 lation. The low sex ratio among the Scheduled Tribes South is due to individual imbalances existing in some pecu Arcot 874 13,536 6'46 liar tribes. We shall refer to it later. The sex ratio Salem 39 100,516 0'04 among the Scheduled Tribes of Madras State Coimbatore 2,061 20,143 10'23 in comparison to the sex ratios among the Scheduled Nilgiris 3,620 12,948 27'96 Tribes of the adjoining States and among the Schedu led Tribes of all India is as follows ~ Madurai 1,229 5,510 22'30 Tiruchira- Table 2·28 palli 231 8,801 2'62 State Sex ratio among the Thanjavur 22 273 8'06 S. Ts. as a whole. Ramanatha- Kerala 1,006 puram 575 792 72'60 Andhra Pradesh 976 Mysore Tirunelveli 374 703 53'20 953 Madras 951 Kanya- Indian Union 987 kumari 96 1,742 5'51 The sex ratios among the Scheduled Tribes of STATE 14,328 251,991 5'69 Madras State in 1961 and in some earlier Censuses are - given below. The corresponding sex ratios among In regard to Nilgiris, Tirunelveli and Madurai, the general population are also given for the purpose the fairly high percentage is due to declaring certain of comparison. tribal areas as urban along with the adjacent towns. Table 2·29 In Ramanathapuram it is due to wrong classification of certain castes in urban areas as Kattunayakans. Sex ratio among Sex ratio among Year S. Ts. the general Growth Rate popula~ion· With regard to the growth rate of individual 1931 1,011 1,025 tribes, we find that there are fluctuations from decade 194:1 991 1,010 to decade. We have already indicated in Chapter I 1951 966 1,006 the difficulties to be faced in the matter of correctly 1961 951 992 enumerating the tribals. The fluctuations might also be due to inter-State migrations. The statement in It is observed from the above tha.t (1) the sex: Appendix III gives the population of select Scheduled ratio among the Scheduled Tribes is always less than Tribes in the various Censuses in the districts of the that among the general population and (2) the sex present Madras State but excluding Kanyakumari. ratio among the Scheduled Tribes is declining steadily The MalayaIi tribe which decreased from 62,899 in in consonance with the decline of the sex ratio among 1911 to 62,025 in 1921 has increased sharply to 129,953 the general population. in 1961 in spite of the fact that their numbers in South The low sex ratio among the Scheduled Tribes Arcot and Coimbatore were omitted to be included as is a condition favourable for exacting high bride-prices Scheduled Tribes in the present Census due to restric and the Scheduled Tribes in this State continue to tion of area in President's list. In respect of Irulars receive high bride prices for their girls. the population is more or less constant at about 80,000 The sex ratios among important individua.l tribes ever since 1901. The Kotas are slowly and steadily in 1961 and in some of the previous Censuses in which decreasing. The Todas were also steadily declining till their population is known are ~iven in 'fable 2-30, Table 2-30 ------~------.------ NA.ME OF THE TRIBE SEX RATIO IN 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1961 Irular 984 1,019 921 N·K. N.K. 953 Kattunayakan N.K. N.K. N.K. NoK. N.K. 1.037 Kota 1,177 1,126 1,152 995 963 807 Kurmbas of Nilgiris 900 896 1,082 N.K. N.K. 928 Malayali 978 1,018 1,013 N.K. N.K. 949 Mudugar 1,077 N.K. N.R- NoK. N.K. 803 Palliyan 1,032 N.K. 955 NoK. NoK. 966 Paniyan N.K. NK. N.K. N.K. N.K. 935 Pulayan 984 1,211 1,117 NoK. N.K. 916 Sholaga 1,026 982 1,135 1,112 970 975 Toda 781 756 778 756 842 904 Kadar 1,169 N.K. NoK. 872 N.K. 854 Malasar 982 N.K. 1,108 1,163 979 893 Kanikaran or Kanikkar N.K. N.K. N.K. N.K. N.K. 840 Note: N. K. indicates figures not known Imbalances in sex are found among Kotas, believed to have forsaken their polyandric habits and Kanikkars, Kadars and Mudugars. The fall in the the practioe of commit\ing infanticide of the newly sex-ratio among Kotas is a feature subsequent to 1931. born females. Among Malayalis there is a. sharp fa.ll The position among Kurmbas, Pulayans and Todas in the sex ratio in the last 30 years, and that a.ccounts is also not satisfactory. But as regards Todas, it for the exorbitant bride-price, far above the traditio could be seen that a vast improvement has occurred onal levels, demanded in recent years among the in the last 30 years during which period they are Malayalis. 27 CHAPTER. lIt AGE AND MARITAL STATUS Age Structure Table 3·1 Table SCT II gives the age distribution of indivi~ dual Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes by broad Distribution of 10,000 persons among age groups-O to 14, 15 to 44 and 45 and above. In Age-Group Scheduled Scheduled General Table SCT VI, figures are given for age groups 0 to 4, 5 Castes Tribes Population to 9, 10 to 14, 15 to 19, 20 to 29, 30 to 44 and 45 + . We have prepared Appendix IV containing the age break-up of 0-4,5-9, 10-14, 15-19,20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 0-14 3,871 4,005 3,761 35-44,45-59 and 60 +. Using this table, we have prepared 15-31. 3,400 3,400 3,301 age pyramids for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. These are exhibited along with the pyramid 35-59 2,245 2,120 2,378 for the general population of Madras State in Chart II. 60+ 484 475 560 lt will be found that when compared with the pyramid for the general population, the pyramids for the Sche duled Tribes and the Scheduled Castes have wider bases. The numbers of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled The pyramid for Scheduled Tribes has longer tiers. Tribes in the age group 0-14 are more than similar for the age groups 0-4 and 5-9 than for the Scheduled number in the general population. This tendency is Castes. Secondly, it may be noticed that the pyramids more pronounced among Scheduled Tribes. In the for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes taper decade 1951-61, the National Malaria Eradication more sharply than the pyramid for the general popula Programme has improved the health conditions of tion. A higher death-rate among the Scheduled Castes the malaria infested areas where the Scheduled and Scheduled Tribes is thus indicated. Finally the Tribes are generally found. A greater proportion of tier for the age group 45 to 59 is the longest for the their population is therefore fonnd in the age group 0·14. general population and the shortest for the Scheduled The increase in this group can result from a higher Tribes. This indicates that the Scheduled Tribes and birth rate and higher survival rate of children. In the Scheduled Ca.stes have less longivity than the general age group 15·34, the proportions among the Scheduled population. Castes and Scheduled Tribes are equal to each other but higher than the proportion in the general popul Distribution by broad age-groups ation. In the higher age groups, the proportion of the The distribution of 10,000 persons among broad Scheduled Tribes is lower than the corresponding age groups for Scheduled Caste::;, Scheduled Tribes and figure of the Scheduled Castes which again is lower the general population of Madras is given in Table 3-1. than that of the general population. 28 At;E PYRAMIDS CHAIlT It GENERAL POPULATION ACe Group. Age Grol',ps 60+ 60 + HALES fEMALES 4S· S9 4S· S1) 35·+4 35· +4 30.34 30.34 25·29 25 ·29 20 ·24 20·24 15 - 19 15·19 10·14 10 - 14 5.9 5·9 O~4l-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_j 0-4 8 1 5 4 3 2 023 4 5 6 7 a PERC£NTA6E PERC£NTA6' SCHEDULED CASTES Age Groups A,e Group. 60+ 60+ HALES fEMAlES 015·59 4S·59 35·44 35. +4 30 - 34 30·34 25 ·29 25 - 29 20 - 24 20 ·24 15·19 15 -19 10·14 10·14 5·9 5·9 0.4 0·4, 8 ., 6 4 2 o l 2 3 " 6 7 8 PERC£NTA6S PERCENTA6E SCHEDULED TRIBES Age Groups 60+ 60+ MALES fEMALES' 45·59 4S·59 35·44 35·44 30·34 30·34 25·29 2S ·29 20·24 20·24 I~. 19 15·19 10 ",14 10·14 S·.9 5 ·'9 0·4 0·4 PERCENTAG6 PERCENTAGE The distribution of 10,000 persons among the Table 3-j broad age groups in each Scheduled Caste group is Distribution of 10,000 persons in the shown in Table 3-2. Similar distribution for impor Name ofilhe age-groups tant Tribes is given in Table 3-3. Scheduled Tribe. 0-14 15-34 35-59 60+ Table 3-2 Irular 4,008 3,391 2,125 476 Kadar 3,993 3,857 1,502 648 Distribution of 10,000 persons in the Kanikkar 3,990 3,111 2,359 540 Name of the age-groups KattuBayakan 3,892 3,383 2,254 471 group Kota 3,566 3,30t 2,413 720 0-14 15-34 35-59 60+ Kurumans 4,199 ~i644 1,889 568 Malasar 4,122 3,557 1,976 345 Malayali 3,997 3,408 2,121 474 Palliyan 3,752 3,662 2,012 574 Paraiyan 3,886 3,365 2,261 488 Paniyan 4,367 2,931 1,984 718 ;{,420 Pallan 3,697 3,525 2,297 481 Pulayan 4,252 2,017 311 Sholaga 4,267 3,263 2,llO 360 Chakkiliyan 4,050 3,360 2,129 461 Toda 4,230 3,375 1,695 700 All Scheduled Valluvan 3,736 3,343 2,332 589 Tribes. 4,005 3,400 2,120 475 Kuravan 3,819 3,371 2,240 570 The age structure of 1931 is substantially different from that of 11)61 in respect of Todas. Among Chak All Scheduled kiliyans and Pallans, the age group 0-14 has recor Castes. 3,871 3,400 2,245 484 ded a fall thereby differing from the general pattern. This can be explained either by a falling birth rate Comparison of age distributions in 1931 and 1961: or higher infantile mortality rate. In 1931 Census the data on age groups for certain Scheduled Castes have been presented. The groups Child-woman ratio thus adopted are sUghtly different from those for 1961 The child-woman ratio, which is the ratio of and the concept of age also differed from the present number of children in the age group °to 4, to 1,000 one. In 1931, age was reckoned by next birth day; women in the age group 15 to 44, gives an idea of in 1961 it is reckoned in completed years. A compa fertility pattern. It is 640 for Scheduled Castes and rison is however possible of the age groups for 1931 and 655 for Scheduled Tribes as against 601 for the general 1961. The figures for some castes and tribes are fumi population. This reflects a higher birth rate among hed in Table 3-4. Scheduled Castes and Schedllled Tribes. Table 3-4. Distribution of 10,000 persons in 1931 and 1961 among the age groups. Name of the Year ~~.-.---~--- - Caste~ or Tribe. 0- 14 15 - 24 25 - 44 45+ Toda 1931 2,312 1,792 D,920 1,976 1961 4,229 2,199 1,947 1,625 Adi-Dravida 1931 3,884 1,740 2,924 1,452 including Paraiyan 1961 3,904 1,722 2,792 1,582 Valluvan 1931 3,593 1,918 2,885 1,604 1961 3,778 1,773 2,629 1,820 Cbakkiliyan 1931 4,227 1,616 2,845 1,312 H)61 4,057 1,735 2,745 1,463 Pallan 1931 3,722 1,613 3,040 1,625 1961 3,707 1,834 2,815 1,644 29 The child.woman ratio for the main Scheduled The never·married and married persons Caste groups and Scheduled Tribes id given below: The numbers of never-married males among the Sche duled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are lower than the Table 3.5 number of never-married males in the general population. Name of Schedttled Caste Group/ Child-woman ratio The males among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Scheduled Tdbe Tribes are married earlier than the males in the general population. For the same reason, the married males 640 Paraiyan Group among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are Pallan Group 601 found to be greater than the married males among Chakkiliyan Group 69l the general population. Among the ~males, the Valluvan Group 574 numbers of never-married Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are lower than the number of never Kuravan Group 639 married persoilS in the general population. This Irular 666 indicates early marriages. This fact is again reflected Kadar 554 in the high proportion of the married females among Kanikkar 597 the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. KattunayakaB 699 Comparing the numbers of the never - married Kota 54:4. males and the never-married females, it may be seen Kurumans 520 that whereas the proportion amoJ}.g the Scheduled Malasar 600 Caste males is greater than that of the Scheduled Tribe males, the proportion among the Scheduled MalayaH 661 Caste females is lower than that of the Scheduled Tribe Palliyan 560 females. From this it may appear. that whereas the Toda 64:9 age of marriage among the Scheauled Caste males is Paniyan 628 higher than the age of marriage of the Scheduled Tribe Sholaga 682 males, the age of marriage among the Scheduled Caste females is· lower than the age of marriage of the Scheduled Tribe females. This needs further analysis Among the Scheduled Caste groups, the ratio is which will be taken up later. hiih among Chakkiliyans and low among the Vallu. vans. Among the Scheduled Tribes, it-is high among Widowed persons Kattunayakans and Sholagas and low among Kadars, The proportion of widowers among the Scheduled Kanikkars, Kotas, Kurumans and Palliyans. Castes is lower than. their proportion in the general popUlation. But their proportion among Scheduled Marital status Tribes is greater than their proportion in the general Ta.ble SCT II gives particulars on marital status popUlation. The reason is (jbvious. Whereas a. Schedu of each Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe. Break. led Caste widower can find another wife easily a up figures are furnished for -the three age groups of Scheduled Tribe widower has to pay a heavy bride 0-14, 15-44 and 45 and above. Chart III shows the price. Tke proportion of widows among the Schedu distribution diagramatically. Distribution of lO,080 led Castes and Scheduled Tribes is lower than their \)ersons of each sex among the four statuses is given in proportion among the general population. Practically Table 3-6 in respect of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled no restriction is imposed on widow mwrriage in any Tribes and general popUlation. Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe, except perhaps Table 3.6. ales Females Marital Status. Scheduled Scheduled General Scheduled Scheduled General Castes Tribes. Population Castes Tribes Population Never .. married 5,400 5,298 5,543 4,278 4,300 4,331 Married 4.247 4,276 4,098 4,478 4,688 4,303 Widowed 298 ~342 315 1,139 871 1,278 Divorced or separated 55 84 44 105 141 88 30 >'" -= .&'" .& 4( 4( I .., .., :x: c 4( c.. co . J: III Ul U " o o g a o N N 8 CD III III W W o o ...J o ...J a .., 4( .., -< l: E w w u.. u.. o a o I o g a o o.., a z o o -qo VI W V) l o W g V) <:> CO ~ N « N :::> u IX a.. I- I o o o o a.. W UJ ...J ...J ...I :::> g :::> « o N IX o w ::rUJ UJ Z u :r w V) u (!) V) I o <:> <:> o o !::! o <:> ::!: .. III V> .. o W :> III W <:> W ...J .., ...J .. _1 4( <: :<'; 4( l: .I: l: o <:> o a a N o a ~ o r-----T------r-+~ .. ... OJ ::!: .... '"0.. 0.. > :> ~ :> .0 .& o e o 4( o e <: Cl .., Cl "0 OJ c .. ..c .... co 4( < III... Ul... among Valluvans. Again the proportion of widows categories of marital statuses in each Scheduled Caste among Scheduled Castes is greater than their propor group. tion among Scheduled Tribes. This is probably due to shortage of women among the Scheduled Tribes. A low proportion among the never-married and a relatively high proportion among the married indicate Divorced or separated persons early marriage. These are found among Kuravwns The proportions of divorced or separated males, and then amoni the Pallans. Among othor groups the are higher among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled pattern of a fairly high proportion among the Tribes than the proportion among the general popula never-married and a relatiHlly low proportion among tion. The number of persons in this category is the married has been observed. more among the Scheduled Tribes than among Schedu The proportion of wirluwers is the lowest among led Castes. The number of divorces among the ~chedu. led Tribes is high. the Chakkiliyans and the highest among the Pallans. Chakkiliyans get married again soon after the death of The proportion of divorced or separated females, their wives and hence a low proportion of widowers. is the highest among the Scheduled Tribes. Also the Surprisingly the proportion of widowers among Pallans proportion of the divorced or separated females among is high in spite of a higher sox ratio. the Scheduled Castes is more than that in the general population. Though no restriction exists among the Paraiyan group has the lowest proportion of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes for re-marriage divorced or separated persons and the Kuravan after divorce, the divorced women usually wait for gronp the highest. The size in this category is decided some time till they get suitable spouses capable of by incidence of divorces as well as remarriages. Among paying high bride-prices. Their proportion in the Kuravans, a high proportion is the result of high general population is low because in many higher incidence of divorces and low incidence of re castes, divorces are not generally allowed. marriages. Marital status among the Scheduled Caste groups We shall now examine the position in regard to We indicate below the variation among Scheduled females. The distribution of 10,000 females among Caste groups in marital status. Table 3-7 gives the four categories of marital statuses in each caste the distribution of 10,000 males among the four group is given in Table 3-8. Table 3.7. Distribution of 10,000 males in Marital status Paraiyan Chakkili- Pallan Kuravan Valluvan group :ran group group group group Naver-Married 5,432 5,459 5,273 5,090 5,391 Married 4,231 4,240 4,287 4,483 4,229 Widowed 295 236 357 331 331 Divorced or separated 42 65 83 96 49 Table 3-8 Marital Distribution of 10,000 females in status Paraiyan Chakkiliyan Pallan Kuravan Valluvan group group group group group Never-married 4,260 4,451 4,196 4,054 4,243 Married 4,467 4,49S 4,482 4,739 4,335 Widowed 1,187 906 1,190 1,074 1,320 Divorced or separated 86 145 132 138 102 The Kura van group has the lowest proportion The ratio of spinsters to 1,000 bachelors in the among the unmarried and the highest proportion among Scheduled Caste groups and among all Scheduled Castes is given in Table 3~9. the married. This indicates early marriages for girls. Table 3·9 The Chakkiliyan group has the higbest proportion Scheduled Caste Ratio of spinsters to 1,000 bachelors among the unmarried indicating late marriages for the in the age groups Group girls. The proportion of the widows is the lowest 0-14 15-44 45+ All ages among the Chakkiliyans and the highest among the Paraiyan 964 293 409 776 Valluvans. The high proportion of widows among Chakkiliyan 975 308 656 804 Pall an 981 375 417 804 the Valluvans, who are the priestly class among the Kuravan 96l 264 505 791 Harijans, may be due to their trying to follow the Valluvan 997 342 343 796 Brahminical custom of prohibiting widow marriages. All Scheduled Castes 970 311 466 786 Among the divorced or separated category, the Brides are available in adequate numbers in all Paraiyan group has the lowest proportion and the caste groups. The lowest ratio is recorded among Chakkiliyan group, the highest. In the latter group, Paraiyans. we know that divorces are frequent and when that Marital status among individual tribes happens the girls may have to wail; for some time 'fable 3-10 gives the distribution by marital before they get married again. status of 10,000 males for important tribes. Table 3.10 Distribution of 10,000 males into the categories Name of the Never Tribe Married Widowed Divorced or married separated Irular 5,335 4,330 278 57 Kadar 5,633 4,367 Kanikkar 5,259 4,223 457 61 Kattunayakan 5,036 4,607 303 54 Kota 4,707 4,447 586 260 Kurumans 5,6~2 3,699 517 152 Malasar 5,852 3,873 190 85 Malayali 5,263 4,262 379 96 Mudugar 5,910 3,788 151 151 Palliyan 4,664 4,639 507 190 Paniyan 5,429 4,275 199 97 Pulayan 5,305 3,fl77 610 108 Sholaga 5,262 4,33fl 2fl9 . 100 Toda 5,467 3,733 640 160 32 It may be seen from Table 3-10 that the tribes Kanikkar, Kota, Kurumans, Malayali, PaUiyan, Pulo.yan of Kuruman, Malasar and Mudugar have high propor and Toda. They indicate the difficulty in getting wives in tions among the never-married and low proportions those tribes. In some cases the situation is aggravated among the married categories. The Kadars also have by low sex ratio. high proportion of the never-married. These indicate late marriages for males. The numbers of widowers The distribution of 10,000 females, into the and the divorced or separated males are high among marital statuses is given in Table 3-11. Table 3-11 Distribution of 10,000 females in the categories Name of the ---_- Divorced or Tribe Never- Married Widowed married separated 1rular 4,386 4,68\) 842 83 Kadar 5,111 4,667 222 Kanikkar 4,630 4,594 739 37 Kattunayakan 4,328 4,705 879 88 Kota 3,092 5,645 1,048 215 KurumaDs 4,6ll 4,642 636 HI MalaE'ar 4,549 4,284 1,061 106 Malayn.li 4,197 4,720 902 181 Muriugar 6,604 2,264 1,132 Pitlliyan 5,158 3,858 945 ~9 Paniyan 4,513 4,630 654 203 PuJayan 4,929 4,310 690 71 Sholaga 4;556 4,536 710 198 Toda 4,543 4,631 796 30 Thp tribes of Irula, Kattunayakan, Kota and Malayali and Palliyan have high proportions in the category of have low proportions in the never-married and high never-married. The ratio of spinsters to 1,000 bachelors in select proportions in the married categories. These indicate Scheduled Tribes, age-group wise, is given in the Table early marriages of girls. The tribes of Kadar, Mudugar 3-12. Table 3-12 Name of Ratio of spinsters to 1,000 bachelors in the Scheduled age groups Tribe 0-14 15 - 44 45+ All ages Irular 935 316 669 784 Kadar 950 444 775 Kanikkar 838 302 726 Kattunayakan 1,1l4 279 125 891 Kota 567 300 530 Kurmbas and Kurumans 824 630 784 Malasar 733 579 694 MalaYali 940 201 234 757 l\Iudugar 1,207 897 Palliyan 1,:l20 548 1,068 Paniyan 823 515 777 Pulayan 972 434 851 Shol aga 946 395 844 Toda 875 310 333 751 33 From the point of view of bridegrooms, the position among the Scheduled Tribes than among the Scherlu is not quite encouraging in the cases of Kota, Malasar, led Castes. The large number of never-married Kanikkar, Toda and Malayali. The only tribe in which women at ages above 44, both among the Scheduled the position is quite happy is the Palliyan. Castes and Scheduled Tribes, may be because of grea ter prevalence of concubinages. Never-married in the age group 0-14 A study of the proportion of never-married per The proportion of the never-married in every sons in the age group 0-14 is interesting. The propor 10,000 in the age group 0 - 14 among the main groups tions of the never-married males among Scheduled of the Scheduled Castes is as shown in Table 3·14. Castes, Scheduled Tribes and the general population are 9,081, 9,974 and 0,989 respectively. This agrees Table 3-14 with our earlier statement that more males in this ftge group get married among the Scheduled Tribes than Proportion of never-married in among the Scheduled Castes. Regftrding the females in Group every 10,000 this age group the proportions are 9,882, 9,809 and Males Females 9,928 for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and General population respectively. This indicates that Paraiyan 0,982 9,856 more girls in this age group get married among the Sche Chakkiliyan 9,~84, 9,907 duled Tribes than among the Scheduled Castes. But when we look at the proportions for all ages, we find that Pallan 9,979 9,030 more women are unmarried among the Scheduled Kuravan 9,975 !),808 Tribes than among the Scheduled Castes. So, it appears 9,983 9,887 that though a larger number of girlR get married before Valluvan 14 among the Scheduled Tribes than among the Schedu led Castes the proportion of never-married girlR is The proportions among the males do not show larger among the Scheduled Tribes than among the much variation. But among females, the variation is Scheduled Castes, when all ages are taken into flom 9,808 among the Kuravan group to 9,939 among consideration. This leads us on to the question of Pallan group. The comparatively low proportion of how the never·married girls are distrihuted in the the never- married females in the age group 0 - 14 various age-groups. The following is the distribution among Kuravans indicates the practice of marrying of 10,000 never-married girls in each of the three their girls early. The distribution of 10,000 never categories. married females in the various age groups in Pallan Table 3.13 group is as follows: 8,641 in the age group 0 - 14, 1,339 in the age group 15-44 and 20 in the age group ------.------45 This also shows that a fairly large number Of Distribution of 10,000 +. girls remain never-married at ages above 14. So the Category never-married girls only plausible reason for a comparatively low propor 0-14 15-44 45+ tion of the never-married among 10,000 females of all ages may be low proportion of the female population Scheduled Castes 8,885 1,092 23 in the age group 0 - 14. In the Pallan group the percentage of females .in the alSe group 0 - 14 to the Scheduled Tribes 9,124 847 29 total number of females in that caste group is only General population 8,588 1,398 14 36.5. ------~------=------Widowed and Divorced or Separated in the age group 15-44 The proportion of never-married girls at ages above 14 is greater among Scheduled Castes than Since there is practically no difference in the among the Scheduled Tribes but the proportion of treatment of widowed and divorced persons among the never married women at ages above 44 is greater all Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, we may among the Scheduled Tribes than among the Schedu combine the figures under the category of widowed led Castes. These will show that though the age at and divorced or separated. For this combined marriage is lower among the Scheduled Tribes than category the most singificant age group is 15-44. The among the Scheduled Castes a larger number of numbers of persons in this combined category out of women remain never·married at ages 45 and above every 10,000 persons in the age group 15-44 for males 34 and females in the various Scheduled Caste group:; are Table 3-17 as shown in Table 3-15. Proportion of wido- Proportion of wers and divorced widows and divo Table 3-15 Name of or separated males rced or separated out of every 10,000 females out of Number of persons widowed and Scbeduled Tribe males in the age every 10,000 Name of the divorced or separated for 10,000 group 15-44. females in the age Group persons among group 15-44. ------"-----,--- Males Females --~-- Irular 298 626 Paraiyan 242 861 Kadar Chakkiliyan 275 832 Kanikaran or Kanikkar 513 421 Pall an 350 887 Kattunayakan 279 653 Kuravan 402 804 Kota 925 495 Valluvan 290 938 Kurmbas 1,079 464 Malasar 377 1,189 Among the males, the highest proportion is found Malayali 435 759 among the Kuravans and the lowest among the Mudugar or Muduvan 690 909 Paraiyans. Among the females, the highest proportion PaIliyan 411 501 is found among the Valluvans and the lowest among the Kilravans. As mentioned before the proportion Paniyan 411 709 of widows and divorced women among Valluvans is Pulayan 880 G69 high because in some areas they try to imitate the Sholaga 458 859 Brahmins in social customs. The figure for Kuravans Toda 1,034 464 is low, probably because the widows and the divorced women marry again without any delay. The ratio The ratio of widows to 1,000 widowers i:o. seJect of widows to 1,000 widowers and the ratio of divorced Scbeduled Tribes is given in Table 3-18. or separated females to ] ,000 divorced or separated males in the age group 15 to 44 in respect of each of Table 3-18 the five main Scheduled Caste groups are as follows: Ratio of widows to 1,000 widowers Table 3-16 Name of in the age groups Scheduled All ages Ratio of widows Ratio of divorced or Tribe. 0-14 15 - 44 45+ ------~---- ...-- Name of the to ] ,000 separated females to Irular 3,000 2,581 3,018 2,887 Group widowers in the 1,000 divorced or age-group separated males in Kadar 15-44. the age group 15-44_ -~ ------_---- Kanikaran or Para.iyan 4,290 2,083 Kanikkar 875 1,586 1,333 Chakkiliyan 3,731 2,269 Kattunayakan 2,(300 3,090 3,010 Pallan 3,298 1,660 Kota 250 1,947 1,444 Kuravan 2,529 1,423 Valluvan 3,831 2,183 Kurmbas & Kurumans 556 1,875 1,176 Malasar 4,364 5,778 5,000 The ratio o~ widows to 10,000 widowers is high 2,502 2,262 among Paraiyans and Valluvans. It is the lowest Malayali 1,761 among Kuravans. The ratio of the divorced or sepa Mudugar or ~ated females to 10,000 divorced or separated males Muduvan 1,000 6,000 IS the highest among the Chakkiliyans. The ratio is Palliyan 3,400 1,571 1,800 also affected partly on account of low sex ratio. Paniyan 2,706 3,281 3,082 Coming to the Scheduled Tribes the proportions of Pulayan 805 1,227 1,035 the WIdowed- and divorced or separated' persons out of Sholaga 2,303 2,317 2,312 every 10,000 among males and females in each Tribe 500 1,750 1,1:::::; are as shown in Table 3-17. Toda 35 The ratio of divorced or separated females to Lastly, we may discuss the ratio of wives to 1,000 divorced or separated males in select Scheduled husbands. The ratios of wives to 1,000 husbands Tribes is given in Table 3-19. among the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and the Table 3-19 general population are 1,047,1,042 and 1,042 respecti. Ratio of divorced or separated vely. Within the Scheduled Castes, the ratio of wives Name of females to 1,000 divorced or sepa· to 1,000 husbands in the caste groups is as followe : Scheduled rated males Tribe. -6 .::..-f4 --- iK- 4445+-AIf ages ------Irular 1,326 1511 1,398 Paraiyan Group 1,04,1 Kadar Kanikaran or Kanikkar 400 1,000 500 Chakkiliyan Group 1,047 Kattunayakan 1,727 1,667 1,706 Kota 875 250 667 Pallan Group 1,057 Kurmbas and Kurumans 625 1,000 700 Malasar 1,667 1, HI Kuravan Group 1,051 Malayali 1,636 2,160 1,787 Mudugar or Muduvan Valluvan Group 1,037 Palliyan 600 200 Paniyan 1,409 7,500 1,958 Pulayan 500 2,000 600 Sholaga 1,769 2,800 1,PB5 No conclusion however can be drawn about the Toda 333 167 prevalence of polygamy on the basis of these figures. CHAPTER tV LITERACY AND EDUCATION Education has an important role in the develop For the sake ofa realistic study, we h:tve omitted lllent of any community. All tho13e interested in the - persons in the age group 0-4 who can never be literate. welfare of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes The proportion of the literates per ]0,000 of the have done their best to see that as much education is imparted to the members of the Scheduled Castes and remaining segment of the population i.e. effective Scheduled Tribes in as quick a time as possible. Apart literacy, has been worked out and this will be used for from the gcneraleducational facilities available to the our discussion. citizens, large sums of money were spent on the educa tion of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes during the First and Second Five Year Plans, in Level of Literacy Madras State. Table 4-1 is given indicating the proportion of Amount spent for literates among the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Period -Scheduled Soheduled Tribes and general population for every 10,000 Castes Tribes persons, males and females respectively. The general First Five Year Pla~-- Rs. 402 lakb~-~Rs~5iakh~ literacy level of the Scheduled Castes is 1,7:W as against Second Five Year Plan Rs. 514" Rs. 16'7 " 3,63£1 of the general population. The corresponding ------~ level of the Scheduled Tribes is much less being only (Source:- Director of Harijan Welfare; Madras) 69.!. The dispnrity is much more marked in female It will, therefore, be interesting to examine what literacy, the figures being 671 and 323 for Scheduled progress has been made by these communities in the matter of literacy. Our study will be based on the Castes and Scheduled Tribes as against the general following Tables printed in this volume. level of 2,106. Table 4-1 also gives the literacy level SCT III Part A (i) Ed'ucation in urban areas for attained in the districts. Among Scheduled Castes, a Scheduled Castes higher literacy level is found in the districts of Madras, SOT III Part A (ii) Education in urban areas for Scheduled Tribes Nilgiris, Madurai, Triehy, Tirunelveli and Kanya- SCT III Part B (i) Education in rural areas for kumari than the average State level. Again the level Scheduled Castes attained in the districts of Chingleput, North Arcot, SOT III Part B (ii) Education in rural areas for South Arcot, Salem, Coimbatore, Thanjavur and Rama- Scheduled Tribes nathapuram falls below the State level. These facts SCT VI Part (i) Educational levels by age groups for Scheduled Castes indicate that the levels of literacy among the Scheduled SCT VI Part (ii) ]£ducational levels by age Castes and Scheduled Tribes are generally lower groups for Scheduled Tribes in all the districts in which there is greater con- Table 4-1 Literates per 10,000 persons, males and females separately among ------~----- Name of Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes General Population District - ~------~--~----_------~------Persons Males Females PersoIls Males Females Persons Males Females STATE 1,720 2,754 671 694 ],041 323 3,639 5,15£1 2,106 Madras 4,680 6,159 3,082 4,455 6,478 2,571 6,855 7,£176 5,5£14 Chingleput 1,621 2,551 654 546 862 198 3,249 4,663 1,762 North Arcot 1,643 2,645 648 461 793 105 2,8£16 4,345 1,429 South Arcot 1,557 2,521 583 529 803 255 3,117 4,720 1,481 Salem 1,091 1,772 378 497 816 158 2,314 3,435 1,164 Coimbatore 1,152 1,814 470 580 881 265 3,457 4,947 1,910 Nilgiris 2,247 3,724 717 2,617 2,967 2,240 4,210 5,651 2,607 Madurai 1,729 2,884 570 1,848 2,584 1,034 3,879 5,596 2,162 Tiruchira pani 1,886 3,156 607 £161 1,475 380 3,442 5,139 1,759 Thanjavur 1,5£17 2,692 478 1,339 2,400 175 3,863 5,614 2,145 Ramanathapuram 1,655 :2,85.'5 465 2,227 3,296 1,170 3,731 5,647 1,942 Tirunelveli 2,031 3,27!) 8')')~~ 1,818 2,181 1,438 4,185 5,778 2,685 Kanyakumari 4,274 5,429 3,157 855 1,004 681 5,651 6,550 4,734 ------~------Note: Population in the age group 0-4 omitted from calculations 37 tJehtration of their population. A higher level has tion have some significance and will throw light on the been recorded where their numbers are limited. effort needed to achieve our object. The gaps are It may follow that efforts made for raising the level indicated in Table 4-3. of literacy among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in these districts where they are concentrated Table 4-3. are not commensurate with their population. It will be interesting to rank the districts on the basis of literacy levels for Scheduled Ca::;tes and Scheduled Gap between the proportions Tribes and the general population. of literates among District Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes Table 4-2 and and Rank in respect of literacy of General population General population ------District Scheduled Scheduled General Madras 2,175 2,400 Castes Tribes Population Chingleput 1,628 2,703 Madras 1 1 1 North Arcot 1,253 2,435 Chingleput 9 10 10 South Arcot 1,560 2,588 North Arcot 8 13 12 Salem 1,223 1,817 South Arcot 11 II II Coimbatore 2,305 2,877 Salem 13 12 13 Nilgiris 1,!)63 1,593 Coimbatore 12 9 8 Madurai 2,150 2,031 Nilgiris 3 2 3 Tiruchirapalli 1,556 2,481 Madurai 6 4 5 Thanjavur 2,266 2,524 Tiruchirapalli 5 7 9 Ramanathapuram 2,076 1,504 Thanjavur 10 6 6 Tirunelveli 2,154 2,367 Ramanathapuram 7 3 7 Kanyakumari 1,377 4,796 Tirunelveli 4: 5 4 STATE 1,919 2,945 Kanyakumari 2 8 2 For Scheduled Castes, the gap is quite marked in The ranking of Scheduled Castes of North Arcot and the districts of Coimbatore, Thanjavur, Madras, Tirunelveli, Madurai, Ramanathapuram and Tiruchirapalli is ahead of the ranking for the general Nilgiris. The smallest gap is observed in Salem population. Ranking in the, districts of Ooimbatore district where the general level of literacy is the and Thanjavur is below that of the general population. lowest in the State. For Scheduled Tribes, a large For Scheduled Tribes, their ranking for the districts of gap is noticed in the districts of Kanyakumari and Tiruchirapalli and Ramanathapuram is ahead of the Ooimbatore. In literacy, the general population of corresponding ranking of the general population. the Kanyakumari district stands ahead of other districts. But Scheduled Tribes have not been able Their rank for the distdct of Kanyakumari is far to keep pace with the general population in this behind the rank for the general population of the respect. district. Our ultimate aim should be to narrow the gap between the levels of literacy of the backward Literacy in rural and urban areas communities and general population within a specified Table 4-4 gives the proportion of literates for period. The gaps between the proportions of literates every 10,000 persons in the rural and urban sectors among Scheduled Castes and general population as among Scheduled Oastes, Scheduled Tribes and general well as between Scheduled Tribes and general popula- population. 38 Table 4.4 Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes ----General Populution Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Name of District Literates per Literates per Literates per Literates per Literates per Literates per 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Madras 4,680 4,455 6,855 Chingleput 1,434 3,270 521 733 2,684 5,386 North Arcot 1,439 3,073 456 858 2,378 4,932 South Arcot 1,512 2,206 413 2,196 2,787 5,342 Salem D75 2,2f36 49-1 7,568 1,831 4,811 Coimbatore 718 2,M)5 564 715 2,661 5,432 Nilgiris 1,7fl5 2,711 1,168 6,054 3,406 5,224 Madurai 1,587 2,407 1,580 2,838 3,017 5,743 Tiruchirapalli 1,756 2,980 873 4,080 2,766 5,954 Thanjavur 1,551 2,228 1,461 3,324 5,959 Ramanathapuram 1,582 2,%4 1,000 2,640 3,126 5,558 Tirunelveli 1,9~(i 2,5-10 1,414 2,HJ8 3,580 5,498 Kanyakumari 4,303 4,083 806 ] ,831 5,471 6,650 STATE 1,472 3,107 553 2,955 2,861 5,767 The normal expectation is that the level of in rural. The gap in the rural area is the greatest in literacy in urban areas will be higher than that. of Coimbatore district and the smallest in Salem district. rural areas. The gap in the number of literates among A definite difference is also noticed in the didtricts of the Scheduled Castes and the general population in Tiruchirapalli and Thanjayur. Again to some extent the two sectors is indicltted in Table 4-5. their improvement in literacy level is determined by the general educational level of the community in Table 4-5. which they live. Gap between the proportions of literates among Scheduled Castes The g~p between the proportions of literates District and general population in among Scheduled Tribes and general population for the urban and rural sectors is given in Table 4-6. Rural Urban ------_.. Madras 2,175 Table 4-6. Chingleput 1,250 2,116 Gap between the proprtions of North Arcot 939 1,85D literates among Scheduled South Arcot 1,275 3,046 District Tribes and General population in Salem 856 2,.545 Rural Urban Coimbatore I,D43 2,937 Nilgiris 1,611 2,.513 Madras 2,400 Madurai 1,430 3,246 Chingleput 2,163 4,653 Tiruchirapalli 1,010 2,974 North Arcot 1,922 4,074 Thanjavur 1,773 3,731 South Areot 2,374 3,146 Ramanathapuram 1,544 3,304 Salem 1,337 -2,757 Tirunelveli 1,663 2,958 Coimbatore 2,097 4.717 Kanyakumari 1,168 2,576 Nilgiris 2,238 -830 STATE ),389 2,660 Madurai 1,437 2,905 Tiruchirapalli 1,893 1,874 The gap in the urban sector is more than that in the Thanjavur ] ,863 5,959 rural sector in all the districts. In the race for Ramanathapuram 2,126 2,m8 literacy, though the urban Scheduled Castes are Tirunelveli 2,175 3,300 moving faster than the rural Scheduled Castes, the Kanyakumari 4,665 4,828 extent to which the Scheduled Castes lag behind the STATE 2,308 2,812 general population is more marked in urban areas than 39 Generally the gap in the urban sector is wider than havc to base our 8tudy on the literates in the entire that in the rural sector. A different trend is, however, population including the age group 0-4. The propor notice,! in the districts of Salem, Nilgiris and Tiruchi tions of literrttes in the entire population of Scheduled rappalli. For rural areas, the largest gap is found Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Madras and the in Kanyakumari district and the smallest in Salem neigh boming States are given in Table 4-7. district. In urban areas, the largest gap is found in Table 4-7 Thanjavur and the smallest in Tiruchirappa.lli. In the urban areas of Salem and Nilgiris districts, the Literates per 10,000 persons among Name of the proportion of literate Scheduled Tribes is found to Scheduled Scheduled- State be higher than the proportion of literate population. Castes Tribes Scheduled Tribes can be found in urban areas only Madras 1,466 591 because of their migration. As literacy is tho factor Andhm Pradesh 847 441 aiding migrat.ion, it, is not unreasonable to find a M'y sore gOG 815 higher level of literacy among Scheduled Trihes in Kerala 2,444 1,726 urban areas. Pondicherry 1,111 CO:rnparison with neighbouring States. (Note: There are no Scheduled Tribes in Pondi We will now examine how the level of literacy cherry State) ItIDoog Rchedllled Castes and Schccluled Tribes will ('om pure with th(' neighbouring States in South India. Under both Scheduled Castes and Scheduled As figures of dfcctive literacy are oot available, we Tribes, Kerala has recorded j;he highest figures. Table 4-8. Literacy per 10,000 persons in Name of the S. C. ------._- ~ ----" 1931 1961 H)Ol Hill 1921 (ovE'r 7 years) (aged 5 & above) Adi-Andhra NK NK NK 144 ,2,198 Adi-Dravida NK NK 485 272 1,967 Adi-Karnatn,ka NK NK NK 40 1,652 Arunthathiyar NK NK NK 249 1,576 Baira. NK NK NK 27 1,290 Bakuda NK NK NK 132 652 Bandi NK NK NK 1,094 3,243 Chakkiliyan 6 NK 146 77 719 Chalavadi NK NK NK 163 NIL Chamar or Muchi NK NK 31 NIL 6,154 Chandala NK NK 142 88 10,000 Cheruman 12 NK 39 80 2,379 Devendrakulathan NK NK NK 310 2,366 Godda NK NK NK NIL 2,500 Gosangi NK NK NK 637 658 Holeya 1 NK 58 34 913 Jaggali NK NK 101 50 NIL ~O Table 4-8.-( Contd.) Literacy per 10,000 persons in -~--~------,-.------~-----~------Name of the S. C. 1'..J3l HHH 1901 1911 1921 (over 7 years) (aged 5 & above) Jambuvulu NK NK NK 50 1,667 Kapakkan NK 2,615 NK 213 909 Kudumban NK NK NK 402 1,691 Kuravan 29 323 300 203 1,545 Kalladi NK NK NK 22 3,776 Koliyan NK 296 540 NK 2,817 Mannan NK NK 1,514 NK NIL Madari NK NK NK 85 822 Madiga 12 NK 51 51 829 Maila NK NK NK J,OD6 10,000 Mida 30 NK 88 83 591 Mavilan NK NK 35 57 1,078 Moger NK NK 332 16 NIL Mundala NK NK NK 276 10,000 Nalak,'yava NK NK 49 24 NIL Nayadi NK NK 24 339 1,477 J'agadai NK NK NK 98 1,046 Panan NK 847 NK NK 6,463 Pallan 122 194 224 280 1,883 Pambada NK NK NK 147 1,250 Panehama NK NK NK 197 3,504 Panniandi NK NK NK NIL 1,356 Paraiyan 50 144 181 216 1,755 Paravan NK NK 1,622 30 4,541 Puthirai Vannan NK NK NK NIL 2,270 Samaga.ra NK NK 684 566 1,57D Sarnban NK NK NK III 1,357 Semman NK 380 104 817 3,701 Thoti NK NK NK 313 1,041 Tiruvalluvar NK NK NK 2,047 3,860 Uraly NK 239 313 NK 3,676 Valluvan NK 1,377 1,547 1,706 3,938 Vannan 133 323 421 NK 4,432 Vetan NK 135 498 NK 6,836 Vettuvan NK 296 335 356 5,714 Velan NK NK 2,888 NK 4,000 Note: NK means" not known". (i) In 1931, persons aged over 7 years only were taken into account in calculation. (ii) In 1961, persons aged 5 years and above only were taken into account in calculation. Individual castes and tribes. Tribes. No comparison with their literacy levels We have so far discussed the literacy of Scheduled collected during the past Censuses is possible because Cast('s and Scheduled Tribes in general. It will, no such figures are available for 1941 and 1951. For however, be interesting to examine the literacy rates the years 1801, 1911, 1921 and 1931, figures for of individual castes and tribes. It will also help us certain castes and tribes are available, but no uniform to determine who constitute the most backward ele method has been followed in their presentation. In ments among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled 1901, 1911 and 1921, literacy level was calclllated by taking the entire population as a unit. In 1931 this literacy figures for the years 1901. 1911, 1921, 1931 was calculated on the basis of population aged over and [961 for different Scheduled Castes. Table 4-9 7 years only. In 1961, we have omitted tLe age gives the corresponding figures for the Scheduled group O-i. In spite of the differences in presentation, Tribes. a comparison can be made. Table 4-8 gives the Table 4-9. Literacy per 10,000 persons in ------_-_---_-~- Name of the S. T. 1931 1961 1901 1911 1921 (over 7 years) (aged 5 & above) ,------. ------_ .. . ------_.------_ -- - .. ~.---~~-- . Adiyan NK NK NK NK 2,500 Aranadan NK NK NK NK 10,000 Irular NK 45 76 NIL 629 Kadar NK NK 97 50 1,565 Kammara NK NK NK NK 2,609 Kanikaran NK NK NK NK 885 Kattunayakan NK NK 85 16 1,148 Konda Kapus NK NK NK NK 10,000 Konda Reddis NK NK NK NK 6,250 Koraga NK NK 204 48 6,667 Kota NK NK 266 NK 3,542 Kudiya NK NK 113 65 5,000 Kurichchan NK NK 44 23 NIL Kurumans NK NK 228 130 3,922 Kurmbas 75 NK 228 NK 4,557 Malrd Arayan NK NK ~K NK 5,179 Malai Pandaram NK NK NK NK 6,667 Malaivedan NK NK NK NK NIL Malakkuravan NK NK NK NK NIL Malasar NK 12 148 181 399 Malayali NK 631 796 NK 493 Mudugar NK 8 315 NK 870 Palleyar NK NK NK NK 6,667 Palliyan NK 1,178 NK NK 713 Paniyan NK NK 26 23 2,150 Pulayan NK NK NK NK 1,887 Sholaga NK NK 349 NK 391 Toda NK NK 1,438 463 3,669 Note: ·~K means "not known." (i) In 1931, persons aged over 7 years only were taken into account in calculation. (ii) In 19(31, persons aged 5 ycars and above only were taken into account in calculation. It can be seen that some progress has been made by various castes and tribes. For 1961, effective recorded by most of the castes and tribes. It is, literacy per 10,000 persons for the five main Scheduled however, difficult to indicate the relative progress Caste groups is worked out and given in Table -tolO, Tabie 4-10. Effective Literacy per 10,000 persons among S.C. Groups -_--- Name of -----~ " -.. -~------. Scheduled Caste Total Rural Urban Group ------~--.~ ------_----- Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons~ Males Females Paraiyan 1,847 2,924 750 1,550 2,546 539 3,499 4,997 1,940 Cbakkiliyan 820 1,342 286 663 1,109 206 1,744 2,724 753 Pallan 1,855 3,096 616 1,746 2,953 547 2,682 4,171 1,158 Kuravan 1,545 2,482 599 1,338 2,226 430 2,212 3,334 1,129 Valluvan 3,927 6,417 1,442 3,765 6,354 1,237 4,752 6,715 2,558 All S.Cs. 1,720 2,754 671 1,472 2,434 498 3,107 4,517 1,648 This shows that Valluvans have 3,927 literates rUfal areas. Table 4-11 shows the relative position per 10,000 and Chakkiliyans have only 820. This of the various Scheduled Castes with reference to the relative position is confirmed by the literacy of females average rate of literacy in the State which is also. The same pattern is repeated for urban and 3,639. Table 4-11. Distribution of Scheduled Castes in relation to the average rate of literacy in the State (Arranged in descending order in each column) More than 25% 5% to 25% Between 5% Between 5% Between 25% Less than 50% above above above and below and below and below 5% below 25% below 50% below (More than 4,549) (3,822 to 4,549) (3,457 to 3,821) (2,729 to 3,456) (1,819 to 2,728) (Less than 1,819) 1 2 3 4 --~------Palluvan 10,000 Paravan 4,541 Kalladi 3,776 Bandi 3,243 Kadaiyan 2,711 Pamiyan 1,755 Mundala 10,000 Vannan 4,432 Sernman 3,701 Koliyan2,817 Godda 2,500 Kudumban 1,691 Maila 10,000 Velan 4,000 Uraly 3,676 Cheruman 2,37!J Jambuvulu 1,667 Chandala 10,000 Pulayan 3,981 Panch- Devendra· Adi~Karna· ama 3,504 kulathan 2,366 taka 1,652 Kavara 6,864 Valluvan 3,938 Samagara 1,579 Puthirai· Aruntha Vetan 6,836 Thandan 3,874 Van nan 2,270 thiyar 1,576 Kakkalan 6,800 Tiruvallu· Pannadi 2,235 Kuravan 1,545 var 3,860 Panan 6,463 Adi-An Nayadi 1;477 dhra 2,198 Chamar or Adi-Dra· Samban 1,357 Muchi 6,154 vida 1,967 Vettuvan 5,714 Palla 11 1,883 Panniandi 1,356 Pathiyan 5,600 Baira 1,290 Bharatar 5,491 Pambada 1,250 Ayyanavar 5,326 Dombara 1,205 Mavilan 1,078 Paga.!ilai 1,046 Thoti 1,041 Vettiyan 998 Holeya 913 Kanaklmn 909 Madiga 829 Madari 822 Cbakkiliyan 719 Gosangi 658 Bu,kuda 652 TIbIa 591 Chalavadi Domban Jaggali Kootan Mannan Moge,r Nalakeyava Percentage of population in each column. 1'35 0'02 O'lO ill':::;l 43 Column 1 of the Table shows the Scheduled Castes Adding up the population of the various castes in thIS which have literacy rates 25% higher than the average Table, we can remark as foHows : literacy rate in the State for the general population. l. Percentage of the population of the Scheduled The castes found in this column are minor ones whose Castes which have literacy levels far above State population Is insignificant. Column 2 gives the castes average (Scheduled Castes in Columns 1 & 2): 1·3~. with literacy rates ranging between 5% and 25% above the average rate of literacy. The important castes 2. Percentage of the population of the castes which falling in this group are the Para van of Kanyakumari have literacy levels near about the State average and the Valluvan or Tiruvalluvar. The castes which (Scheduled Castes in column 3) : o'm~ have literacy rates almost equal to the average rate 3. Percentage of the population of the castes which for the State are given in Column 3. It can be held have poor literacy levels (8.Cs. in column 4) : that thel>e castes do not need any special help in 0.10 education, Column 4 gives the names of castes with 4. Percentage of the population of the castes which literacy rates ranging between 5 to 25% below the have very poor literacy levels (8.Cs. in Col. 5) : State average. Of the two castes found in this column, 47'28 the KoUyan is reany it sub-sect. of the Paraiyan. The other caste, Bandi, is an insignificant community. 5. Percentage of the population of the castes which Column 5 contains the castes baving literacy rates have deplorably very poor literacy levels (S.Cs. between 25% and 50% below the State average. This in Col. 6) : 51'21 contains the most numerous castes of Adi-Dravida and The unfortunate fact has to be faced that in thl} Pallar. They need special attention. The castes in case of 98'5% of the Scheduled Caste population, the the last column have literacy rates less than 50% below literacy rate stands at a low level. the State average. The Paraiyan, Kuravan and the Chakkiliyan arc the chief castes falling within this Table 4-12 gives the proportions of literates category. They need the greatest possible attention· among the chief Scheduled Tribes of the State. Table 4-12. Effective Literacy per 10,000 Name of --~------~-~----- Urban Scheduled Tribe Total Rural -----~------Person Males Femaless Persons Males Females Persons Males Females ------_----_ -_----_ - Irular 629 952 286 512 846 157 2,089 2,243 1,921 Kadar 1,5615 1,818 1,261 805 980 556 1,943 2,283 1,566 Kanikaran 885 1,0158 676 875 1,0;,)8 652 5,000 5,QOO Kattunayakan 1,148 1,773 531 719 1,200 248 2,430 3,460 1,391 Kota 3,5,12 4,988 1,782 2,942 4,966 531 5,178 5,045 5,34£1 Kurumans and .1,499 4,893 4,101 2,434 3,760 1,134 6,~05 5,750 6,472 Kurmbas Malasar 399 551 233 1,13~ 1,673 634 43 64 19 Malay ali 493 815 149 488 809 144 9,375 8,710 Palliyan 713 745 677 707 746 664 3,333 5,000 Puhiyan 1,887 2,705 989 1,861 2,667 988 3,611 4,444 1,111 Paniyan 2,150 2,270 2,021 271 434 101 5,488 5,388 5,602 Sholaga 391 499 277 30-1 397 207 3,769 4,167 3,276 Toda 3,669 3,:')58 3,793 2,f)76 3,125 1,900 8,049 5,741 9,855 AU S.Ts. 6fl4 1,U-11 323 553 898 184 2,955 3,322 2,561 44 Kurmbas, Toda and the Kota who received the i'ural-urban break-up indicates that their literacy rates earliest attention from the Government and the social are generally very high in urban areas. Malayuli and workers rank foremost with 4,499, 3,661) and 3,542 Paniyan who have recorded low literacy ratcl:I in the respectively. The tribes having low literacy figures are rural sector have high rates in the urban sector. The Sholaga (391), Malasar (391)), Malayali (493) and only exception to the general trend is Malasar whose Irular (629). In female literacy, Kurmbas and Toda are literacy rate in the urban area is far below the literacy foremost and the tribes Malayali, Malasar, Sholaga, rate in the rural area. The classification of the tribes Irular and Kattunayakan are the mest backward. Again according to the literacy level is given in Table 4-13. Table 4-13 Distribution of Scheduled Tribes in relation to the average rate of literacy in the State (Arranged in descending order in each column) ------More than 5% to 25% Between 5% above Between 5% below Between 25% below 25% above abOVe and 5% below and 25% below and 50% below Less than 50% below (More than 4,M9) (3,822 to (3,457 to (2,729 to (1,819 to (Less than 1,819) 4,549) 3,821) 3,456) 2,728) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Aranadan 10,000 Kurumans 3,922 Toda 3,669 Kammara 2,609 Kudar 1,565 Konda- kapus 10,000 Kota 3,542 Adiyan 2,500 Kattu- nayakan 1,148 Koraga 6,667 Paniyan 2,150 Kani- karan 885 Malai. Panda ram 6,667 Pulayan 1,887 Mudugar 870 Palleyar 6,667 Konda- Reddis 6,250 Palliyan 713 Malai- Arayan 5,179 lrular 629 Kudiya 5,000 Malayali 493 Kurmbas 4,557 Malasar 399 Sholaga 391 Kurichchan ... Malaivedan ... Malak- kuravan Percentage of population in each column. 0'53 0'05 0'65 3'13 95'64 The chief tribes for which literacy levels are attention in education. The tribes which are poor in above the State literacy level are Kurmbas and education are the Paniyan and Pulayan. The standard Kurumans. The tribes which have literacy levels of the other tribes is deplorably low. The percentage equal to the State level are the Toda and Kota. It is gratifying to note that the chief Nilgiri tribes of the population of the tribes which need greater Kurmbas, Toda and Kota have received sufficient attention in education is as high as 98.8%. 45 Level of literacy at different age groupii bow litera tes are distributed in the various age groups We have so far made a g€neral study of the ill the StatfJ and the districts. Table 4-14 gives the literacy of t.he Scheduled Castes and Sche.luled Tribes literacy levels among Scheduled Castes in the various poplation. But it id more ilJteresting to examine age groups. Table 4-14. Name of tbe Literaey ill the disLricts among 8.Cs. fur 10,000 persons in the age groups District -----_------_ -----~------_-_-" "- 5-1) 10-14 15-Hl 20-2U 30-44 45+ -- __._-._--_------Mauras G,072 7,043 6,038 4,711 3,766 2,623 Chingleput l,D46 2,393 I,U75 ],74;) 1,343 S17 North Arcot 1,531 2,856 2,164 1,712 1,:-n4 848 South Arcot ~,GUU 2,712 1,647 1,2G8 1,120 827 8'») 8alem 1,377 1,767 1,386 1,013 ~~ 497 Coimbatore 1,2US l,8Jl 1,377 1, til:! D08 GI)O Nilgiris U:107 3,637 2,712 2,:206 1,85G 1,540 Madurai 2,OD:! 2,889 2,110 1,62G 1,:317 1,122 Tiruchirapalli 2,534 2,885 2,262 1,842 1,133 1,080 Thanjavur 1,737 2,305 1,878 1';)71 1,186 D86 Ramanathapumm 1,880 2,751 1,864 1,::;;;7 1,1088 D08 Tirunelveli :2,:361 3,185 2,83U 2,17U l,i)87 1,117 Kanyak lmHlri 4,963 6,580 5,546 t,l:2!l ;-1,I)3U :'>,389 STATE 2,041 2,6U4 2,07U 1,679 1,379 940 ----_.. ,. The general pattern is that after attaining and Kanyakumari. The districts of Salem and a certain level in the age group 5-9 depending on Coimbatore have, however, recorded lolY figures under enrolment in schools of children of school going age, this age group. This shows that tile enrolment in the levol rit!os a little in the age group 10-14 and then schools of children of school going age among the falls in the tlUbsequent age groups. The literacy rates Scheduled Castes is low in these districts. The figures have a uefinitc tendency to increase in the younger for the age group 10-14: also reveal an unhappy posi age group. 1'hi" shows that greater attention has tion in these two districts. Table 4-15 gives the been paiu to cuuea,tion in the last decade. Figures literacy levels among the Scheduled Tribes in the for the age group 5-9 are most encouraging in Madras various age groups. Table 4-15. ,------.---~-----.--- Literacy in the districts among S.1's. for 10,OUO persons in the age groups ~------~--- Name of the ------~---_---__ ------5-9 10-14 15-19 20-29 30-44 45+ District ------_------_------._------_------_------_------~----.------Madras 4,286 4,706 4,118 4,805 2,157 2,000 Chingleput 514 512 545 560 4G2 B09 North Arcot 376 780 347 585 396 254 South Arcot 656 850 888 512 311 286 Salem 793 760 433 432 370 207 Coimbatore 1,089 1,548 693 352 229 128 Nilgiris 3,493 3,4U8 2,610 2,133 1,936 2,481 Madurai 3,052 3,123 1,834 977 781 373 1'iruchirapalli 1,240 1,390 1,257 794 80G 468 Thanjavur :385 625 526 1,636 714 1,750 1 >)-).) .) .)') ') RamaufI,thapuram ,-'....J~ 1,385 2,500 3,351 ... ,--- 1,364 Tirunel veli 2,627 2,800 1,875 1,167 1,26(i 1,471 Kanyakumari 1,633 2,396 909 210 214 148 1,042 637 614 437 369 STATE U23 46 The p-attern is not as uniform as in the case of and Madras have low figures in younger age groups, Scheduled Castes, In the case of NiJgiris, Tanjore and but it has to be noted tha,t these districts haYfl (lnly Tirunelveli district;;, a rise has been recorded in a small population of t)eherluled Tribes. l"l'l'lll Table the level of literacy in the age group 45 and over. 4-21 we find tbat Kanikka,r, Malasar, PalJiyan ~lIld The figures in the age group 5-9 show that the enrol Pulayan have taken to ('Ilucation rath~r late. The ment of Scheduled Tribe children in the schools in the tribes having a good proportion of literates in tho age districts of Chingleput, North Arcot, South Arcot, group 45 and over are the Paniyan and Kurmbas or Salem and Thanjavur is poor. In Table 4-16 we have Kurumans. The literacy of Kota is spread out in all arranged the Scheduled Castes in a deseending order the age groups. according to the literacy levels attained in each age So far our discussion bas been centred on literacy group. level. But for economic advancement of any We have abr) indicated in the Table the community, literacy by itself is not sufficient; higher State level of literacy for each ilge group. 'fhe education is necessary. It is, thereforo, intereRting Table will indicate the progress made by each caste. to examine the educational levels attained by the In all age groups, the major Scheduled Castes of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The liter,1i,es have been classified into three broad categories (1) State except perhaps Valluvan are far below the literates without edncational qualification (2) th(,se State level. It is needless to point ont that the Castes who attained primal'" or junior basic standard amI (3) coming below the State lewl, especially in the age ma~ricuJateB and above. We have divifled 10,000 group 5-9, need the special attention in enrolment of literates in these broad cutegori('s. Table 4-22 school going children. A similar Table for the Sche gives the disLribut,ion of 10,000 literates of duled Tribes may be found in 'fable 4-17. In the age Scheduled Castes alllong t.ho thlee bl'ou(l categories in the State and in the districts. Table 4-23 group 5-U Kurmbas, Kota and PuJayan are found gives the distribution for flve main Scheduled above the State level. The backward t.ribes are Caste groups. For primary or junior basic }evel, 8holagar, Mudugar and Malayali. The Kadar, though the districts of Madras, Salem, Kanyalmmari and far low in the age group 5-9 is ahead in t.he next age Nilgiris stand foremost and the districts of South Arcot group. In the case of Kanikkar, though t.he general and Ramanathapuram have recorded low fignres. level of literacy is low, the tribe is ahead in the lower Passing of the S. S. L. C. or the Matriculation is a definite stage in education. In this, the distJ iets age group. This shows that of late this tribe has taken of Madras; Kanyakumari and Nilgiris stand foremost. to education seriomly. The most backward district is Sont,h Arcot. From Table 4-18 gives the distribution of the Scheduled Table 4-23 we find t.hat Kuravan ranks first in primary Castes in the State and in the district for 10,000 or junior basic level and the Pallar ranks last. In j he literates. Table 4-19 is the corresponding Table next column, Pallar ranks second. This shows that for the select five major caste groups. From Table 4-18 the people of the Pallar tribe either stop with elemm we find a good proportion of literates are found in the age group 5-9 and 10-H, in the districts of South Arcot tary School or reach the S.S.L.C. level. The Valluyan and Salem. This shows that they have taken to has a large proportion of matriculates and aboye. education only recently in the districts. Tirunf11- Again a comparison between the rural and urban areas veli ranks foremost in the number of litemtes in shows that the number of literates without educatio the age group 45 and over. From Table 4·19 we nal level is higher in rural areas. Table 4-24 gives find among the ,,) main caste groups, the Valluvan the dietribution of 10,000 literates among three broad has a more wide-spread literaey in all age groups and the Chakkiliyan has high figureR in the a_ge categories of educational levelA for the main Rchedulnd group 5-9 and 10-14 indicating that of all castes, -it Tribes of the St.n,te. Paniyans and KurmbaR or has taken to education only during the last decade. Knrumans st.and foremost in the prima I'Y or junior Ihe distribution of 10,000 litf~rates among v:tTious age basic level. l\Iufluglll', KHJlildmr, MalaN;)!, Hnd Kad:tr ?roups for Scheduled Trihes in the State and districts are the most backward. In the next orlncat,l('llal IS given in Table 4-20. The corresponding Table for the main tribes of the State is given in 'fable 4-21. level, viz. matriculation amI above, Kota aud Totla From Table c1-20 we find that the districts which have stand ahead. The Karlar, Kanikkar, Malasar, Murln taken to education late aro Kanyakumari, Madurai gar, Paniyan and the Sholnga do 1iot havo a sill I-' 10 and Coimbatore. Thanjavnr, HamanatlJapuram matriculate in the tribe. Table Literacy per Arranged in descending order in Age Group 5 - 9 10 - 14 15 - 19 (1) (2) (3) Kakkalan 10,000 Bandi 10,000 Bandi 10,000 Chamar or Muchi 10,000 Kakkalan 10,000 Panan 10,000 Palluvan 10,000 Maila 10,000 Kavara 9,167 Pathiyan 10,000 Mundala 10,000 Vettuvan 8,889 Vettuvan 7,895 Pambada 10,000 Vetan 8,261 Vetan 7,000 Pathiyan 10,000 Panchama 8,182 Ayyanavar 6,375 Vettuvan 9,286 Bharatar 6,800 Uraly 6,094 Panan 9,048 Ayyanavar 6,721 Pulayan 5,828 Kavara 8,485 Semman 5,556 Nayadi 5,714 Vetan 8,333 Paravan 5,379 Kavara 5,593 Ayyanavar 8,241 Thandan 5,340 Paravan 5,302 Bharatar 7,206 Kalladi 5,333 Thandan 5,194 Pulayan 7,027 Uraly 5,143 Bharatar 5,054 Vannan 6,970 Vannan 5,062 Samagara 5,000 Paravan 6,520 Vallnvan 4,620 VeIan 5,000 Thandan 6,197 Panan 4,872 Uraly 6,102 All Population 4,367 Vannan 4,626 Kallacli 5,263 Tiruvalluvar 4,315 Semman 3,529 Panchama 5,161 Kadaiyan 3,909 VaUuvan 3,500 KoJiyan 3,701 General Population in All Population 5,082 Pulayan 3,590 the Age Group 3,360 Tiruvalluvar 4,854 Devendrakulathan 5503, Bakuda 3,333 Valluvan 4,755 Cheruman 2,883 Bandi 3,333 Kadaiyan 4,220 Pannadi 2,817 Koliyan 3,103 Semman 4,074 Puthirai Vannan 2,666 Panchama 3,019 Koliyan 3,967 Adi-Andhra 2,538 Tiruvalluvar 2,925 Adi-Andhra 3,949 Adi-Dravida 2,453 Puthirai Vannan 2,908 Devendrakulathan 3,800 Pallan 2,279 Kadaiyan 2,864 Pannadi 3,706 Paraiyan 2,121 Mavilan 2,727 Cheruman 3,395 Kudumban 2,032 Devendrakulathan 2,699 Velan 3,333 ArunthathiYllr 1,950 Pannadi 2,608 Puthirai Vannan 3,159 Kuravan 1,94,0 Adi-Andhra 2,336 Adi-Dravicla 3,084 Adi-Karnatftka 1,858 Kalladi 2,308 Pallan 3,022 Samb:1ll 1,667 Adi-Dravida 2,280 Adi-Karnataka 2,860 Panniandi 1,522 Pallan 2,227 Paraiyan 2,848 Dombara 1,517 48 4·16. 10,000 persons age groups for Scheduled Castes. Age Group 20 -29 3{)·44 45 + (4) (0) (6) Chandala 10,000 Chamar or Muchi 10,000 Mundaia 10,000 Jambuvulu 10,000 Kakkalan 8,000 Panan 7,037 Kavara 8,529 Vetan 7,087 Kavara 6,000 Vetan 7,439 Panan 5,854 Pathiyan 5,000 Ohamar or Muchi 7,143 Kavara 5,333 Bharatar 4,754 Godda 6,667 Semman 5,185 Vetan 4,470 Panan 6,207 Vettuvan 5,000 Tiruvalluvar 3,487 Ayyanavar 5,686 Bharatar 4,747 Bandi 3,333 Vettuvan 5,556 Vall nan 4,165 Valluvan 3,320 Bharatar 5,088 Paravan 3,966 Semman 2,727 Kalladi 4,211 Valluvan 3,806 Vannan 2,694 Paiavan 4,189 Tiruvalluvar 3,776 All PopUlation 2,649 Van nan 4,170 Panchama 3,636 Paravan ~,552 Valluvan 4,121 AU Population 3,370 Ayyanavar 2,500 Tiruvalluvar 4,105 Pathiyan 3,333 Kakkalan 2,500 All PopUlation 3,842 Ayyanavar 3,011 Chamar or Muchi 2,500 Pathiyan 3,383 Thandan 2,849 Vettuvan 2,414 Pulayan 3,383 Kalladi 2,632 Pancbama 2.381 Thandan 3,286 Pulayan 2,609 Kalladi 2,308 Panchama 3.125 Kadaiyan 2,530 Thandan 2,099 Koliyan 3,093 KoUyan 2,451 Cheruman 2,016 Kadaiyan 2,596 Oheruman 2,384 Koliyan 1,643 Bandi 2,500 Bandi 2,222 Kadaiyan 1,592 Samagara 2,500 Panlladi 1,934 Puthirai Van nan 1,589 Cheruman 2,470 Adi-Andhra 1,709 Pulayan 1,468 Devendrakulathan 2,44:1 Puthirai Vannan 1,699 Uraly 1,379 Adi-Andhra 2,438 Panniandi 1,651 Adi-Karnataka 1,122 Puthirai Vannan 2,379 Adi-Dravida 1,597 Pannadi 1,086 Semman 2,258 Pallan 1,562 Kudumban 1,066 Kanakkan 2,222 Adi-Karnataka 1,532 Pallan 1,035 Baira 2,187 Devendrakulathan 1,509 Adi·Dravida 1,016 Pannadi 2,107 Uraly 1,509 Devendrakulathan 1,007 Adi-Dravida 2,013 Kudumb'an 1,402 Paraiyan 982 Kakkalan 2.000 Paraiyan - 1,389 Dombara 923 Pallan 1,872 Kuravan 1,291 Adi·Andhra 915 49 7 Table Literacy per (Arranged in desce.diRg order in Age Group 5-9 10 -14 15 - 19 0) (2) (3) Paraiyan 2,222 Kudumban 2,629 Vettiyan 1,486 Kudumban 2,096 Kuravan 2,621 Thoti 1,391 Kuravan 1,77il Arunthathiyar 2,541 Holeya 1,379 Arunthathiyar 1,701 Samagara 2,500 Madiga 1,364 Gosangi 1,667 Mavilan 2,381 Pagadai 1.282 Samban 1,635 Nayadi 2,308 Madari 1,071 Baira 1,579 Panniandi 2,297 Mala 1,008 Pagadai 1,450 Thoti 1,888 Kanakkan 1,000 Cheruman 1,422 Baim 1;875 Mavilan 1,000 Adi-Karnataka 1,330 Samban 1.775 Chakkiliyan 830 Thoti 1,264 Pagadai 1,757 Baira Madari 1,258 Dombara 1,751 Bakuda Chakkiliyan 1,024 Vettiyan 1,1578 Chalavadi Dombara 1,016 Madiga 1,489 Chandala Kanakkan 1,000 Madari 1,439 Domban Vettiyan 944 Holeya 1,250 Godda Holeya 932 Chakkiliyan ·1,224 Gosangi ... Madiga 901 Mala 1,187 Jaggali Mala 758 Gosangi 1,000 Jambuvulu Panniandi 753 Bakuda 833 Kakkalan Chalavadi Chalavadi Kootan Chandala Chandala Maila Godda Domban Mannan Domban Godda Moger Jaggali Jaggali Chamar or Mucbi Jambuvulu Jambuvulu Mundala Kootan Kanakkan Nalakeyava Maila Kootan Nayadi Manna,n Mannan Palluvan Moger Moger Pambada Mundala Chamar or Muchi Pathiyan Nalakeyava Nalakeyava Samagara Palluvan Velan Pambada _--.- i>O ij-l6-(Contd) 10,000 persons age groups for Scheduled Castes.) Age Group 20 - 29 30 - 44 45 + (4) (5) (6) Uraly 1,731 Arunthathiyar 1,280 Kuravan 870 Paraiyan 1,652 Samban 1,265 Panniandi 800 Arunthathiyar 1,622 Dombara 1,087 Arunthathiyar 788 Kudumban 1,599 Holeya 841 Baira 769 Adi·Karnataka 1,595 Thoti 773 Samban 755 Kuravan 1,442 Pagadai 765 Holeya 749 Gosangi 1,429 Madiga 656 Pagadai 480 Samban 1,407 Vettiyan 647 Vettiyan 475 Vettiyan 1,238 Gosangi 625 Thoti 453 Panniandi 1,237 Nayadi 625 Madari 393 Dombara 1,156 Baira 588 Madiga 329 Mavilan 1,026 Chakkiliyan 510 Chakkiliyan 312 Thoti 1,009 Madari 448 Mala 104 Paga,dai 987 Mal!!' 438 Bakuda Bakuda 909 Mavilan 303 Cbalavadi Madari 787 Bakuda Chand ala Holeya 710 Chalavadi Domban Madiga 686 Chandala Godda ChakkiIiyan 653 Domban Gosangi Mala 553 Godda Jaggali Nayadi 526 Jaggali Jambuvulu Chalavadi Jambuvulu Kanakkan Domban Kanakkan Kootan Jaggali Kootan Maila Kootan Maila Mannan Maila Mannan Mavilan Mannan Mogar Moger Moger Mundala Nalakeyava Mundala Nalakeyava Nayadi Nalakeyava Palluvan Palluvan Pambada Pambada Pambada Palluvan Samagara Samagara "elan VeIllon VeIllon "',...... _---- _'''''''---.,., 51 TaMe Literacy per 10,000 persolle (Arranged in descending order Age Group 5-9 10 -14 15 - 19 (1) (2) (3) Kondo. Kapus 10,000 Konda Reddis 10,000 Adiyan 10,000 Malai Arayan 5,526 Koraga 10,000 Toda 6,081 Kurmbas 5,068 Kudiya 10,000 Kurumans 5,000 Kota 4,242 Toda 6,623 General Population in Pulayan 3,440 Kota 6,162 the Age Group 4,367 General Population in General Population in Kota 4,219 the Age Group 3,360 the Age Group 5,082 Kurmbas 3,804 Paniyan 3,281 Kadar 4,250 Mudugar 3,333 Kurumans 1,667 Malai Arayan 4,11B Kadar 2,500 Kanikkar 1,634 Kurmbas 3,957 Pulayan 1,905 Malasar 1,271 Pulayan 3,623 Kattunayakan 1,660 Palliyan 1,238 Kanikkar 2.446 Paniyan 1,586 Kattunayakan 1,106 Palliyan 2,143 Kanikkar 1,286 Toda 1,102 Paniyan 1,956 Irular 796 Irular 864 Kurumans 1,667 Pal1iyan 642 Malayali 724 Kattunayakan 1,514 Sholaga 513 Kltdar 652 Sholaga 1,183 Malayali 366 Mudugar 476 Irular 977 MalaBar 107 Sholaga 293 Malayali 812 Aranadan Adiyan Mudugar 625 Kammara Aranadan Malasar 292 Kondo. Kapus Kammara Adiyan Konda Reddis Kondo. Reddis Aranadan Koraga Koraga Kammara Kudiya Kudiya Kondo. Kapus Kurichchan Kurichchan Kurichchan Malai Arayan Malai Pandaram MaJai Pandaram Malai Pandaram Malai Vedan Malai Vedan Ma}ai Vedan Malakkuravan Malakkuravan Malakkuravan Palleyar Palleyar Palleyar 52 4-17. in the various age groups. in age groups for Scheduled Tribes.) Age Group 20-29 30-44 45 + (4) (5) (6) Aranadan 10,000 Kanda Reddis 10,000 Malai Arayan 10,000 Konda Kapus 10,000 Malai Pandaram 10,000 Kammara 6,000 Koraga 10,000 Kota 3,767 Kurmbas 5,128 Konda Reddis 6,667 Kurmbas 3,674 Malai Pandaram 5,000 Palleyar 6,667 General Population in Paniyan 3,404 Toda 6,400 the Age Group 3,370 General Population in Kurumans 6,333 Toda 2,990 the Age Group 2,649 Kurmbas 5,285 Kurumans 2,778 Kurumans 2,308 Kammara 4,000 Kammara 2,000 Kota 1,492 GeneraZ Population in Mudugar 1,818 Kattunayakan 730 the Age Group 3,842 Paniyan 1,613 Kadar 714 Kota 3,310 Kattunayakan 923 Toda 603 Kattunayakan 1,347 Pulayan 796 Pulayan 419 Kadar 1,333 Kadar 476 1rular 340 Pulayan 1,243 Irular 464 Sholaga 235 Paniyan 1.004 Malayali 389 Malayali 221 Mudugar 667 Palliyan 296 Palliyan 151 lrular 561 Sholaga 234 Kanikkar 103 Malayali 511 Malasar 214 Malasa.r 85 Kanikkar 412 Kanikkar 209 Adiyan Palliyan 400 Adiyan Aranadan Malasar 317 Aranadan Konda Kapus Sholaga 192 Konda Kapus Konda Reddis Adiyan Koraga Koraga Kudiya Kudiya Kudiya Kurichchan Kurichchan Kurichchan Malai Arayan Malai Aryan Malai Vedan Malali Pandaram Malai Vedan Malakkuravan Malai Vedan Malakkuravan Mudugar Malakkuravan Palleyar Palleyar 53 Table 4-ii. Name of the Distribution of 10,000 Scheduled Caste literates in the age groups District 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-29 30-44 45+ Madras 1,671 1,892 1,233 2,439 1,927 838 Chingleput 1,728 2,108 1,200 2,195 1,863 906 North Arcot 1,566 2,280 1,314 2,130 1,724 986 South Arcot 2,500 2,202 975 1,655 1,657 1,01I Salem 2,004 2,473 1,252 1,890 1,566 815 Coimbatore 1,780 2,260 1,225 2,103 1,737 895 Nilgiris 1,391 2,219 1,195 2,296 1,977 922 Madurai 1,745 2,071 1,175 2,048 1,812 1,149 Tiruchirapalli 1,738 2,204 1,226 2,079 1,662 1,091 Thanjavur 1,547 1,817 1,237 2,180 2,074 1,145 Ramanathapuram 1,646 2,067 1,303 2,079 1,879 1,026 Tirunelveli 1,384 2,070 1,420 2,095 1,793 1,238 Kanyakumari 1,799 2,256 1,341 1,711 1,748 1,145 STATE 1,762 2,119 1,224 2,072 1,800 1,023 Table 4-19 Distribution of 10,000 literates in main S. C. Groups, in the age groups Name of S. C. Group 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-29 30-44 45+ --"-""-_--. All Scheduled Castes 1,762 2,119 1,224 2,072 1,800 1,023 Paraiyan 1,801 2,127 1,203 2,069 1,805 995 Chakkiliyan 2,089 2,371 1,204 1,963 1,594 779 Pallan 1,614 2,064 1,290 2,117 1,828 1,087 Kuravan 1,692 2,185 1,218 1,963 1,823 1,119 Valluvan 1,243 1,664 1,190 2,108 2,022 1,773 54 Table 4-20 Distribution of 10,000 Scheduled Tribe literates in the age groups Name of the District 5-9 10-14 15-H1 20-29 30-44 45+ Madras 723 964 1,687 4,458 1,325 843 Chingleput 1,293 1,825 1,093 2,681 1,968 1,140 North Arcot 1,555 1,930 1,023 2,861 1,652 979 South Arcot 2,158 1,895 ] ,649 1,842 1,439 1,017 Salem 2,5fJ8 2,lfJ7 793 1,809 1,847 756 Coimbatore 3,078 3,155 1,303 1,238 843 383 Nilgiris 2,490 l,7m 874 1,580 1,643 1,622 Madurai 3,313 3,079 824 1,369 1,073 342 Tiruchirapalli 2,040 2,464 1,303 1,629 1,799 765 Thanjavur 435 870 435 3,913 1,304 3,043 Itamanathapuram 692 566 1,3:.n 4,088 2,390 943 Tirunelveli 2,744 2,478 1,327 1,239 885 1,327 Kanyakumari 3,417 4,333 833 417 667 333 STATE 2,299 2,141 987 1,953 1,640 980 Table 4-21. Name of the Distribution of 10,00U literates in the age groups among selected Scheduled Tribes Scheduled Tribe 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-29 30-44 45 + All Scheduled Tribes 2,299 2,141 987 1,953 1,640 980 lrular 2,118 2,186 1,276 1,852 1,592 976 Kadar 732 4,146 1,951 1,951 488 732 Kanikaran 3,022 4,101 1,295 791 575 216 Kattunayakan 1,495 1,543 1,399 2,556 1,801 1,206 Kota 1,615 2,346 1,039 1,846 2,115 1,039 Kurumans and Kurmbas 2,246 1,113 855 2,406 1,670 1,710 Malasar 5,441 1,029 294 1,765 1,177 294 Malayali 2,425 2,128 772 2,155 1,756 764 PaUiyan 2,680 4,021 722 1,340 825 412 Paniyan 2,872 1,407 522 885 1,771 2,543 Pulayan 3,348 3,259 714 1,429 960 290 Sholaga 1,386 4,059 1,287 1,040 1,287 941 Toda 619 2,257 1,991 3,540 1,283 310 ~~ Table 4·22 Distribution of 10,000 S. O. literates in the three Educational levels in Total Rural Urban Statel District Literate. . Literate Literate 'th t PrImary Matfl- Primary Matri Primary Matricu ( WI ou . . (without (without · or J umor culatlOn or Junior culation or Junior lation d t educatio educatio e uca 10- B'aslC & a b ove Basic & above Basic & above nll. IIeve I) nallevel) nallevel) --___"~------~---- Madras 5,1l7 4,412 471 5,117 4,412 471 Ohingleput 8,020 1,834 146 8,297 1,596 107 6,947 2,758 295 North Arcot 7,298 2,492 210 7,612 2,224 164 6,268 3,373 359 South Arcot 8,750 1,150 100 8,943 975 82 6,632 3,077 291 Salem 7,159 2,606 235 7,567 2,252 181 5,372 4,155 473 Coimhatore 7,643 2,1l5 242 7,884 ],894 222 7,427 2,312 261 Nilgiris 7,131 2,562 307 7,103 2,720 177 7.151 2,455 394 Madurai 7,991 1,804 205 8,420 1,440 140 6,516 3,056 428 Tiruchirapalli 7,863 ],938 199 8,173 1,693 134 6,328 3,152 520 Thanjavur 8,363 1,528 109 8,509 1,407 84 6,973 2,682 345 Ramanathapuram 8,336 1,487 177 8,690 1,166 144 6,294 3,339 367 Tirunel I! eli 8,175 1,610 215 8,446 1,396 158 7,178 2,396 426 Kanyakumari 7,149 2,510 341 7,271 2,435 291 6,320 3,024 656 STATE 7,713 2,079 208 8,298 1,570 132 6,165 3,428 407 Table 4-23 Educational Level for 10,000 literates in each Scheduled Caste Group. Name of the Literate Primary Matri S.O. (without or Junior oulation Group educational level) Basic & above Total ---_------~. Total All S.Os. 7,713 2,079 208 10,000 7,607 2,195 198 Para.iyan " Chakkiliyan 8,037 1,825 138 " Pallan 8,091 1,693 216 7,554 2,246 200 " Kuravan " 7,584 2,172 244 Valluvan " Rural All S.Os. 8,298 1,570 132 " Paraiyan 8,278 1,600 122 8,456 1,460 84 " Chakkiliyan " Pallan 8,369 1,472 159 Kuravan 8,075 1,744 181 " 7,957 1,875 168 " Valluvan " Urban All S.Os. 6,165 3,428 407 5,953 3,660 387 " Paraiyan " 7,098 2,644 258 Ohakkiliyan " Pallan 6,706 2,792 502 Kuravan 6,536 3,227 237 " 6,082 3,370 548 " Valluvan' " 56 Table 4-24. Educational Level for 10,000 literates in each Sched uled Tribe in Total Huml Urban Name of Literate Primary Matricu- Literate Primary Matricula· Literate Prima.ry Matricula~ S. T. (without or lation & (without or tion & (without or tion & E. L.) J ,B. above E L.) J. B. above E. L.) J. B. above All S.Ts. 7,958 1,938 104 8,570 1,381 49 6,123 3,6Il 266 Irular 8,228 1,678 94 8,812 ] ,169 19 6,449 3,229 322 Kadar 9,024 976 10,000 8,824 1,176 Kanikkar 9,568 432 9,635 365 5,000 5,000 Kattunayakan 8,183 1,704 113 8,014 1,952 34 8,333 1,485 182 Kota 7,808 1,692 500 7,215 2,215 570 8,726 882 392 Kurumans and Kurmbas 5,169 4,712 Il9 8,067 1,933 4,271 5,573 156 Malasar 9,118 882 9,206 794 8,000 2,000 Malayali 8,660 1,305 35 8,710 1,255 35 4,167 5,833 Palliyan 8,763 1,031 206 8,854 1,042 104 10,000 lVIudugar 10,000 10,000 Pulayan 8,281 1,697 22 8,437 1,563 3,077 6,154 769 Paniyan 4,949 5,051 8,310 1,61)0 4,654 5,346 Sholaga 8,564 1,436 8,366 1,634 9,184 816 Toda 7,788 1,770 442 7,480 2,126 31)4 8,182 1,313 505 Note: E. L. means "Educational level". J. B. means "Junior basic". We will now compare the level of educational The number of persons in the category atta.inment of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes literate without educational level for every with that of general population. Table 4·25 gives a 10,000 persons is more in Scheduled Ca.stes and comparative picture of the literary attainment of the three categories. Scheduled Tribes than in general population. This Table 4-25. category consists of people who have returned tha.t Distribution of 10,000 literates into they can read or write without reaching any educational Literate . Matri- level. In the categories primary or junior basic and Population TjRjU (with ~ut Pfl~ary o.r culation matriculation and above, the number of persons for educatlO' Jumor BasIC & above nallevel) every 10,000 is more among general population than General T 6,834 2,428 738 among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. In the Popula.tion 1,780 328 R 7,892 urban sector, however, more number of persons per U 5,396 3,309 1,295 10,000 are in the group prima.ry or junior basic amon~ Scheduled T 7,7]3 2,079 208 Scheduled Castes and Scueduled Tribes than in general Castes R 8,2fl8 1,570 132 U 6,165 3,428 407 population. Table 4·26 gives the deviation (+ or -) Scheduled T 7,958 1,938 104 of the proportion of persons of Scheduled Castes and Tribes R 8,570 1,381 49 Scheduled Tribes in each category from the proportion U 6,123 3,611 266 in the category of genera! population. 57 As far as urban area is concerned, particulars regar. have also been collected. Table 4·27 embodying the ding the standard of education above matriculation da.ta will speak for itself. Table 4-26. Deviation in the case of Deviation in the case of Sched uled Castes Scheduled Tribes Literate Literate (without Primary or (without Primary or Matriculation Matriculation educational Junior educational Junior T/R/U and above level) Basic level) Basic and above "~-~- Total + 879 349 530 +1124 490 634 Rural + 406 210 196 + 678 399 279 Urban + 769 + 119 888 + 727 + 302 -1029 Table 4.27. Distribution of 10,000 persons (in urban areas) of Educational Standard General Scheduled ------Scheduled (Matrioulation and above) Population Castes Tribes Matriculation or Higher secondary 8,378 9,488 9,394 Teohnical diploma not equal to degree 174 37 101 Non technical diploma not equal to degree 36 2 University degree or Post graduate degree other than technical degree 1,093 420 404 Technical degree or diploma equal to degree or Post graduate degree 319 53 101 .. • oil 58 CHAPTER V WORKERS AND NON-WORKERS The study in this chapter is based on the follo 4, Table SC I Persons not at work classified wing tables printed in this volume, by sex, type of activity and 1. Table SOT I Industrial classification of persons educational levels for Scheduled Castes, at work and non-workers by sex, 5, Table ST II Persons not at work classified by :.l, Table SCT V Sample households engaged in sex and type of activity for cultivation, classified by interest Scheduled Tribes, in land and size of the land cul Percentage of workers tivated in rural areas only, Table 5-1 gives the percentage of workers among 3, Table SCT VII Occupational classification of per Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and the general sons at work, population, Table 5-1. Percentage of workers alllong District Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes General population -- -~-.------Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban -.------"--~ -----,------ Madras 30'5 30'5 41'0 41'0 30'5 30'5 Chingleput 49'3 50'5 38'1 51'2 51'9 45'7 43'4 45'6 34,8 North Arcot 51'S 53'9 37'6 56'5 56'4 62'6 46'7 50'1 33'2 South Arcot 54'5 55'2 43'7 54'0 55'1 38'6 45'8 47'9 32'1 Salem 54:,3 55'4 43'5 62'1 62'1 64'1 51'3 53'7 39'0 Coimbatore 53'3 55'7 45'9 47'9 47'2 M'l 48'1 52'3 38'0 Nilgiris 50'7 53'9 47'3 52'1 55'2 44'1 4.5'9 49'9 40'7 Madurai 54'3 56'0 44'6 57'4 60'5 46'6 4.5'5 50'6 34'3 Tiruchirapalli 56'5 57'6 47'5 50'9 51'4 33'3 49'3 53'6 33'2 rrhanjavur 56'7 57'3 48'7 53'8 51'8 77'3 42-0 44'8 30'9 Ramanathapuram 55'6 56'5 48'6 47'1 401 49'7 48'0 51'7 36'5 Tirunelveli 56'7 57'5 52'6 49'1 68'1 32'4 45'6 49'1 37'9 Kanyakumari 47'1 48'1 40'8 46'9 48'4 21'9 35'2 35'S 31'S STATE 53'3 55'4 41'7 56'8 57'4 46'1 45'6 49'6 34'4 59 For the State, the percentage among the Scheduled In the urban sector larger percentages of workers are Castes is higher than the percentage among the gene found in the agricultural dil:ltricts of Tirunelveli, ral population and the percentage alllong the Schedu Ramanathapuram, Thanjavur and Tirnchirapalli and in led Tribes is even higher than the percentage among the plantation districts of Nilgiris and Coimbatore, the Scheduled Castes, This is due to the larger As regards Scheduled Tribes, the percentage is participation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes high in the districts of North Arcot, South Arcot, in agriculture, This will be more clear when we-look at Salem and Madurai. the relative percentages of workers prevailing in the rural and urban sectors in the three categories, Female workers The percentage of workers among Scheduled Castes Incidence of a high percentage of workers in the is high in South Arcot, Tiruchirapalli, Thanjavur, total population is to a large extent caused by the Hamanathapuram and Tirunelveli districts, From participation of more women in the working force, Table 5·6 it is seen that these districts have also the Table 5-·2 gives the percentage of female workers to highest figures for workers among the Scheduled Castes the total workers among the Scheduled Castes, Sched· in the categories of cultivation and agricultural labour, uled Tribes and the general popUlation, Table 5·2, Percentage of Female workers to total workers among bistrict Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes General Population 'rotal Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban ~-~---~--~- -~------_------ Madras 12'5 12'5 25'5 25'5 1)'8 9'8 Chingleput 36'1 36'9 26'6 36'2 36'4 33,9 28'9 306 20'1 North Arcot 42'8 43'7 33'7 400 40'2 28'0 35'8 38'3 21'0 South Arcot 41'6 41'8 36'1 40'1 406 30'9 32'6 34'1 16'9 Salem 41'8 42'1 37'4 45'6 45'6 32'0 38'3 39'8 27'9 Coimbutorc 39'7 40'0 38'7 38'4 38'2 40'2 34'2 37'2 24'1 Nilgiris 45'0 47'0 42'6 44'2 45'4 40'6 36'5 40'7 29'9 Madurai 42,1 42'9 36'5 43'8 45'4 36'6 34'4 38'3 22'2 Tiruchirapalli 44'1 44'8 37'6 38'3 38'4 35'1 37'4 40'5 18'8 Thanjavur 42'7 43'0 36'4 34'7 35'8 47'1 29'S 32'2 16'5 Ramanathapuram 44'8 45'1 42'2 30'0 29'9 30'1 41'0 43'6 29'7 Tirunelveli 40·3 -10'5 45'3 42'0 40'4 33'9 38'3 41'0 30'3 Kallyakulllari ·U'8 .p'')..., ~ 39'3 31'9 30'9 71'4 24'7 25'2 21'8 STATE 41'5 42'6 :33'5 42'1 42'4 35'5 34'2 37'4 21'3 60 Whereas 34'2% of the workers in the generai wouid be seen from Table 5·3 that Pallan group has population are females, among Scheduled Castes 41'5% the largest figUl"e and Valluvan the least. This may and among Scheduled Tribes 42'1/~ are females. A be because of the vast scope fur Pallan WOHleIl to get greater participation of women in the working force labour in the agricultural operations of wet fields. depends upon the nature of occupation. The occupa Among the Scheduled Tribes, it could bo seen from tions in which there is greater participation of women TabJe 5-4 that the peroentl~ge is tho highest in the among Scheduled Castes are given in Table 5-22. t.ribe of Paniyan who are entirely engaged as agricul turallabourers in Gudalur taluk, and the lowest alllong First looking at the figures for the Scheduled Castes the Toda. in Table 5-2, it is seen that there is greater percentage of female workers in the districts of Tirunelveli, ---_._--- Table 5-4. Nilgiris and Ramana,thapuram. The lowest percentage Percentage of Female workers to is recorded in Madras. In the rural sector, Tirunelveli Scheduled Tribe tutal workers in haf' the highest percentage and Chingleput the lowest. Total Rural Urban In the urban sector also Tirunelveli has the higbest percentage and Madras the lo\ycst. Among the lrular 39'2 30'6 33'3 Scheduled Tribes, Salem with its predominant tribe of Kadar 40'1 34';5 42'9 Malayali, stands first in having a high percentage of Kanikkar 32'8 32'7 100.0 female workers and Kanyakumari stands last in this Kattunayakan 40'5 43'1 29'6 respect. In the rural sector Tirunelveli has the Kota 40'9 41'7 38'7 bighest percentage and Ramanathapuram the lowest. Kurmbas & Kurumans 43'2 48'8 36'4 In the urban sector Kanyakumari is having the highest Malasar 41'9 :51'4 35'!) percentage and Madras the lowest. Malayali 43'9 43'9 50'0 Mudugar 24'1 24'1 Table 5·3. Palliyall 43'7 43'6 66'7- Paniyan 46'9 47'9 4-1'6 Percentage of Female workers Pulayan 46'0 4th") 22'2 Scheduled Caste to tot,al workers in Sholaga 38'1 37'7 47'6 4'3 Group Total Rural Urban Toda 19'5 21'1 Iudustrial classification of workers. Paraiyan 41'2 42'5 31'4 Chakkiliyan 40'3 41'0 34·5 We can now pass on to the consideration of the types of activities in which the Scheduled Castes and Pallan 44'3 44'6 41'9 Scheduled Tribes are engaged. Table 5-5 gives the Kuravan 42'1 42'4 40'8 distribution among the nine industrial categories of Valluvan 36'9 39'5 19'5 workers and non-workers of 10,000 persons of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes and the If we look at the per~ntage of female workers to general population. In this Table, separate distribu total workers in each main Scheduled Caste group it tions are also given for the rural and urban sectors. Table 5-5. Industrial Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes __Qeneral_ Population __ ------_------Category Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban I· Cultivator. 1,564 1,786 332 3,305 3,490 239 1,917 2,530 234 II Agricultural 2,198 2,452 789 1,172 1,189 903 840 1,082 173 labourer Ill. Mining, Quarr 181 142 396 417 39!) 729 129 125 141 ying etc. IV. Household 150 155 122 84 82 120 358 335 422 Industry. V. Manufacturing 143 81 488 53 40 265 252 110 640 other than household industry. VI. Construction. 40 25 121 12 8 74 61 42 114 VII. Trade and 42 21 158 34 29 110 225 114 530 Commerce VIII. Transport, 47 13 236 11 2 146 75 21 224 storage etc. IX. Other Services. 965 864 1,527 589 503 2,024 700 604 963 X. Non-Workers 4,670 4,461 5,831 4,323 4,258 fi,3!)0 5,443 5,037 {i,55U -----_------Tota,l: 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 ]0,000 61 Now first considering the distribution for the State population. Some tribes like Paniyan, Irular. Malasar a9 a whole including both the rural and urban sectors, etc. live mostly by agricultural labour. it will be seen that the proportion of cultivators The third category comprises of workers under among the Scheduled Castes is less than that alllong mining, quarrying, livestock, forestry, fishing, hunting, the general popUlation. This is because many Schedu plantation, orchards and allied industries. The pro led Castes do not own land. The proportion of cul portion among the Scheduled Castes in this category tivators among the Scheduled Tribes is however high is 181 and among the Scheduled Tribes it is 417 as with 3,305 persons for 10,000 as against 1917 for 10,000 against 129 for t.he general population. The major aIllong the general population. A high proportion of industry in this third category of workers is plantation, cultivators among the Scheduled Tribes is explained in which the role of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled by the fact that the tribe (If Malayali forms 53'7% of Tribes is significant. Since the Scheduled Tribes are the popUlation of the Scheduled Tribes and its main also engaged in forestry, hunting etc. their population occupation is cultivation. in this category is Sflen to be comparatively higher. In the rural sector alone, the proportion of culti In the fourth category of household industry, the vators among the Scheduled Castes is markedly lower Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have lesser than the proportion among the rural general popula proportions than the general population. The Scheduled tion. In urban sector however the proportion of Castes and Scheduled Tribes of this State are not cultivators among the Scheduled Castes is found to be known to be engaged in any establised household higher than the proportion of cultivators in the urban industry, except perhaps baHket-making among Kura general population. van and leather-stitching among Chakkiliyan. 'fhen coming to the second category viz. agri Regarding other categories of workers the propor cultumllabol!rers, the proportion among the Scheduled tions among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Castes is found to be nearly two and a half times the Tribes are found to be generally lower than those in proportion among the general population. This should the general population except in the category of cause no surprisc, as the Scheduled Castes by tradition "other services". This ninth category includes form the lmlwark of the agricultural labour force of unskilled general labour and Government servants. the State. In the urban areas, the proportion of I t may be noted that the proportions found among agricultural labourers is found to be far higher among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the the Scheduled Castes than among the general popula urban sector are particularly high. This is because tion, being 789 as against 173. Even for the Scheduled of the fact that whereas the unskilled labourers in the Tribes the proportion of agricultural labourers is found rural areas get absorbed in agricultural labour, this is to be high, being 1,172 as against 840 for the general not equally possible in urban areas. Table 5-6. Workers in industrial categories Total -~------District Scheduled I II III IV V VI VII Vln IX Non- Castes workers. --.-~" ------~ ------~--.--- Madras 10,000 1 17 56 540 153 294 539 1,447 6,953 Chingleput 10,000 1,293 2,316 121 45 223 60 40 51 780 5,071 North Arcot 10,000 1,898 1,749 90 165 HI8 50 48 40 944 4,818 South Arcot 10,000 1,815 2,806 113 59 21) 20 16 16 577 4,549 Salem 10,000 1,699 1,777 139 272 142 45 49 19 1,288 4,570 Coimbatore 10,000 325 2,043 486 11)2 235 55 33 36 1,926 4,669 Nilgiris 10,000 91 807 2,679 16 145 41 30 77 1,180 4,934 Madurai 10,000 1,380 2,142 20L 162 ll5 24 54 27 1,322 4,.573 TiruchirapaUi 10,000 2,375 1,981 87 211 119 26 23 30 797 4,351 Thanjavur 10,000 1,277 3,687 94 78 35 13 14 13 462 4,327 Ramanathapuram 10,000 2,755 1,601 101 169 101 21 18 19 779 4,436 'firunelveli 10,000 2.113 1,959 147 312 148 45 36 37 874 4,329 Kanyakumari 10,000 621 1,463 168 330 121 22 87 43 1,854 5,291 STATE 10,000 1,564 2,198 181 150 143 40 4').., 47 965 4,670 62 Now we sbitH consider bow the distribution varies Coimbatore and Madurai districts which have some from district to district. Table 5-6 gives the distri plantation are'1S have slightly higher proport.ions in the butioll for the Scheduled Castes. From this it is seen third category. In the fourth category (household indus that the proportion of cultivators is high in the tries), Kanyakumari and Tirunelveli have slightly districts of Ramanathapuram, Tirllchirapalli and higher proportions because of the scope for employ Tirunelveli. It is low in the dist,ricts of Nilgiris, ment in palmyra and coconut fibre indnstries. In Coimbatore and Kanyakumari. Regarding agricultu the fifth category, the indu,'ltrial districts of Madras, rallabour, the proportion~ are high in the Paraiyan Coimbatore and Ohingleput have drawn greater num! er dominated areas of Thanjavur, South Arcot and of Scheduled Oastes than the other districts. In Trans Chingleput districts and low in the plantation district port, Madras district has drawn a. large proportion of Nilgiris. The low proportion in the second category from the Scheduled Castes. These workers are proba in Nilgiris is offset by a very high proportion in the bly employed in the Government State Transport and third category which includes plantation industry. in private companies as drivers. Table 5-7. Workers in industrial categories Total ------District Scheduled I II III IV V VI VB VIII IX Non- Tribes workers. Madras 10,000 337 93 860 473 415 716 1,203 5,903 Chingleput 10,000 638 2,009 397 192 240 27 72 22 1,5}!) 4,884 North Arcot 10,000 3,562 1,050 253 104 52 9 72 8 542 4,348 South Arcot 10,000 1,017 2,638 364 217 62 7 36 19 1,044 4,596 Salem 10,000 4,986 737 280 16 1 2 7 1 184 3,786 Coimbatore 10,000 1,796 1,641 327 76 2 23 12 1 913 5,209 Nilgiris 10,000 802 1,922 1,549 124 35 7 8 8 755 4,790 Madurai 10,000 407 454 2,933 20 2 9 14 1,900 4,261 Tiruchirapalli 10,000 3,867 971 92 72 15 6 I 68 4,908 Thanjavur 10,000 989 1,795 586 989 37 513 476 4,615 Ramanathapuram 10,000 13 13 480 858 1,162 25 50 76 2,033 5,290 Tirunelveli 10,000 228 156 2,817 754 299 14 640 5,092 Kanyakumari 10,000 3,789 471 6 6 II 28 379 5,310 STATE 10,000 3,305 1,172 417 84 53 12 34 II 589 4,323 Table 5-7 gives the distribution for the Scheduled tions. The other categories call for no special remarks Tribes districtwise. In the first category (cultivators), except perhaps the very low figure for Tiruchirapalli the Malayali-dominated dist,ricts of Salem, North district in the category of CC other services". This Arcot and Tiruchirapalli and the Kanikkar area of is because the tribals living mostly on the Pachamalai Ranyakumari district have high proportions. For hills have little scope for engaging themselves in other agricultuml labour, South Arcot, Ooimbatore and services. Chingleput districts having predominantly lrulars as Since occupation still goes mainly by castes or Scheduled Tribes and Nilgiris having the Paniyans, tribes, it may be interesting to study how the distri have high proportions. In the third category bution of workers and non-workers varies among the containing plantation labour, hunting and forestry, five main groups of Scheduled Castes and the major Madurai, Tirunelveli and NiJgiris, have high propor- tribes of the State. 63 Table 5.8. Workers in industrial categories Name of the ---- Non. Scheduled workers. Caste Group. Total I n III IV V VI VII VIII IX Paraiyan 10,000 1,613 2,291 163 78 134 39 43 56 840 4,743 Chakkiliyan 10,000 582 2,312 201 387 208 30 21 35 1,606 4,618 Pall an 10,000 2,350 2,190 177 57 97 22 27 19 714 4,347 Kuravan 10,000 1,IM 580 245 1,922 198 40 210 56 942 4,651 Valluvan 10,000 1,311 1,487 73 133 246 42 90 47 1,161 5,410 All Scheduled 10,000 1,564 2,198 181 150 143 40 42 47 965 4,670 Castes. Table 5-8 gives the distribution for the main industries, the Kuravan group, as expected, gets the Scheduled Caste groups. In cultivation, the Pallan first place, as Kuravans are employed in basket, mak· group has the first place and the Chakkiliyan the last ing. The Chakkiliyans do leather work and so the place. In agricultural labour, the first place goes to ChakkiIiyan group hll,s appreciable proportion in this the ChakkiIiyan and the last place to Kuravan. In category. The Pallans apparently have no interest in the thir.l category the Kuravan has the largest propor household industries. In trade and commerce the tion and the Valluvan the lowest. In household Kuravans appear to have some interest. Table 5·9. Name of the Workers in industrial ca1;_~~o~ie~ ______Scheduled Non Tribe. Total I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX workers. Irular 10,000 1,187 l,fl80 530 182 128 19 73 15 1,098 4,788 Kadar 10,000 ... 3·! 2,287 34 3,686 3,959 Kanikkar 10,000 3,573 456 796 6 5 256 4,908 Kattunayakan 10,000 2,234 853 288 516 237 26 167 34 701 4,944 Kurmbas 10,000 1,322 373 2,613 272 39 16 39 23 163 5,140 and K urumans Malasar 10,000 30 3,147 725 5 85 1,661 4,347 Malayali 10,000 5,030 652 206 6 1 2 3 1 160 3,939 Mudugar 10,000 672 1,009 168 84 84 2,521 5,462 Palliyan 10,000 4D7 438 4,391 13 1,096 3,565 Paniyan 10,000 119 4,060 521 50 764 4,486 Pulayan 10,000 210 225 3,144 67 11 4 4 2,300 4,m5 Sholaga 10,000 2,'172 1,172 231 1,144- 4,981 Toda 10,000 1,667 350 406 644 42 28 238 6,625 All Scheduled Tribes. 10,000 3,305 1,172 417 84 53 12 34 11 589 64 Table 5-9 gives the distribution for the 14 main Distribution of workers in Primary, Secondary and Tertiary tl0heduled Tribes of the State. The tribes largely Sectors. engaged in cultivation are the lVIalayali (5,030), the Another way of looking at the distributiull of Kallikkar (3,573) and the Kota (3,410). The tribes workers in the nine industrial categories is to divide least interested in cultivation are the Kadar (Nil), the workers into the following sectors. MalaFar (3), Paniyan (119) and Pulayan (2lO). It is 0) Primary Sector: Categories of workers coming seen that the Kadar and the Pulayan are not also under Cultivation, Agricultu interested in agricultural labour whereas- the Paniyan ral labour and Plantations i1nd the Mala.sar are largely engaged in it. The tribes etc. (Categories I to III) engaged in the third category ar~ the Kadar, Kurmbas, (2) Secondary Sector: Categories of workers coming Palliyan and the Pulayan. The Toda and the Kattuna under Houcehold Industries, yakan have some interest in Household Industries and Manufacturing and Constru t,he Kota "ho are good artisans have some interest in ction (Categories IV to VI) Category V (Manufacturing). In category VII (Trade and Commerce) the only tribe which has any (3) Tertiary Sector: All other workers (Categories significant proportion of workers is the Kattunayakan. VII to IX) In Transport the Kota has a significant proportion Table 5-10 gives the comparative position of the and in " oth(lr services " the tribes having large pro distribution of 10,000 workers in Primary, Secondary portion of workers are the Kadar, Mudugar and the and Tertiary sectors among the Scheduled Castes, the Pulayan. Scheduled Tribes and the general population. Table 5·10. Primary (I,II,III) Secondary (IV,V,VI) Tertiary (VII, VIII,IX) District Scheduled Scheduled General Scheduled Scheduled General Schednled Scheduled General Castes. Tribes. Popula- Castes. Tribes popula- Castes Tribes popula - tion tion tion Madras 59 8'~2 142 2,458 3,479 3,123 7,483 5,699 6,735 Chingleput 7,568 5,949 6,342 666 898 1,595 1,766 3,153 2,063 North Arcot 7,210 8,608 7,001 797 293 1,231 1,993 1,099 1,768 South Arcot 8,685 7,438 7,998 19R 529 652 1,117 2,033 1,350 SHlem 6,658 9,661 6,900 844 31 1,487 2,498 308 1,613 Coimbatore 5,354 7,856 4,996 905 212 2,195 3,741 1,932 2,809 Nilgiris 7,062 8,202 5,980 397 319 699 2,541 1,479 3,321 Madurai 6,860 6,610 6,224 556 38 1,166 2,584 3,352 2,610 Tiruchirapalli 7,865 9,683 7,267 631 17Q 1,065 1,504 147 1,668 Thanjavur 8,915 6,259 7,153 222 2,857 882 863 884 1,965 Ramanathapuram 8,011 1,072 6,942 523 4,343 1,315 1,466 4,585 1,743 Tirune] veli 7,440 6,522 5,506 890 2,145 2,265 1,670 .1,333 2,229 Kanyakumari 4,783 9,094 3,726 1,002 12 2,849 4,215 894 3,425 STATE 7,398 8,622 6,333 625 263 1,472 1,977 1,115 2,195 It is seen that for the entire State, the Scheduled ing to note this unusual trend in Salem distrIct alone . Castes have a larger proportion of workers in the among all the rural districts. Two factors contribute to Primary Sector than the general population. This is this trend. One is that the size of holdings in Salem so in all the districts except Madras ana Salem where district is small and being dry there is less need for the proportion in the primary sector among the employment of outside agricultural labour. The Scheduled Castes is-less than that among the general second is that among cultivators in Category I, the population. In Madras district, there is not much percentage of Scheduled Castes in Salem district is far Scope for pursuing primary sector. But it is interest- lesR than those in most other districts (vide table 5-6). 9 Hence in S'lkm di ,trict the proportion of workers in The distribution obtaining among the various tile primary sector "m Table 5-13. _------.----M-__._--...___."'_<...-,.._., __"t.. -=-~"". ____ Number of homehold with No. of Interest in land cultivat- culti.vated ing house- -ress~o-:X:5 to -5.0 to 7.0 to 1()'O-to i::!.;") to Li.O to :lO () to Uns holds. than one 2.4 4.D 7A D.9 12A l± D 2U.fi ·1 iJ,q ;"iO+ peci acre acres acres acres acres acI'( i:l ilcres Heres fied. (i) 10,000 1,461 3,311 2,551 1,260 42f3 397 78 32 21 Tutal (ii) 10,000 2,442 4,190 2,248 69.") 17!) 114 2 35 (iii) 10,000 493 3,049 3,321 1,8:)!} 490 3D5 IO.! 2410 U 18 Owned or held (i) 10,000 1,433 3,296 2,526 1,279 in!) 425 gi") 25 from (ii) 10,000 2,666 4,1!)2 2,038 65!) 168 122 10 Government. (iii) 10,000 411 3,007 3,383 1,87!) 48.) 3D 14 19 Held from private (i) 10,000 2,610 4,209 1,955 703 16;) 16G H 10 persons or institutions (ii) 10,000 2,905 4,628 1,964 407 407 2 2 for payment in money, (iii) 10,000 1,526 3,835 2,671 1,325 361 141 kind or share. -. Partly held from Govt. (i) 10,000 648 2,635 3,208 1,621 687 J3.l ZIG 1:37 82 30 2 and partly from private (ii) 10,000 020 3,601 3,471 1,225 3DG 1m 75 1(12 8 4 4 persons for payment in (iii) 10,000 2Dl 2,330 3,15.') I,OJ2 02:: J3~ 2!H 5S3 49 tllol1ey,kind or share. - Note: (i) General Population. (ii) Scheduled Castes. (iii) Scheduled Tribes. Table 5-13 gives the distribution of 10,000 culti respect of Scheduled Tni;f;,4, it is ,f:,,,j I ;lLCl !hat among vatillg households by size-class of lands held by each the general populatiOl~. h the I.!·Jo~t. size Class, the of the three sections viz. the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Trib(1S h,we t,he maxin:nFJl fI]portioll and Sellt:duled Tribes and the general population. On the Scheduled Oa3tes tbe Jea';t. In Ul« .;;1.l.Jt t,wu size further' simplification of the size classes, we get the classes, the proportio;;s hel(l ln' 1,1'[(- ;::·C}: Number of households with ---- ~- Less than 1'0 to 2'5 to 5'0 to 7'iJ to 10'0 to 12'5 to 15'0 to 30'0 to Unspeci - District Total one 2'4 4'9 7'4 9'9 12'4 14'9 21)'9 49'9 50+ fled. acres acres acres acres acres acres acres acres acres acres Chingleput 10,000 2,912 4,459 1,905 452 III 61 13 29 4 1 53 North Arcot 10,000 ~,225 4,578 2,317 624 II9 76 13 36 :3 .2 "i South Arcot 10,000 3,262 4,265 1,781 436 131 59 17 23 3 20 Salem 10,000 1,113 4,190 2,969 ],110 298 174 51 75 (\ 14 Coimbatore 10,000 1,428 3,959 2,740 1,225 247 174 58 116 1J 39 Nilgiris 10,000 3,654 5,000 769 192 385 Madurai 10,000 2,217 4,304 2,272 694 184 127 31 74 8 87 Tiruchirapalli 10,000 2,446 4,547 2,109 576 156 79 12 31 3 4 37 Thanjavur 10,000 2,230 3,885 2,783 782 145 78 27 34 3 31 .) Ramanathapuram 10,000 1,881 3,915 2,435 1,032 273 221 43 113 16 i) 68 Tirunelveli 10,000 3,049 3,452 2,003 741 260 215 70 144 Kanyakumari 10,000 5,162 3,618 996 102 61 41 20 STATE 10,000 2,442 4,190 2,248 695 179 114 29 58 8 33 Table 5-15. Number of households with Less than 1.0 to 2.5 to 5.0 to 7.5 to 10.0 to 12.5 to 15.0 to 30.0 to 50+ Unspe- District Total one 2.4 4.9 7.4 9.9 12.4 14.!.l 29.9 49.9 cifled. acre acres acres acres acres acres acres acres acres acrel:! Chingleput 10,000 2,811 4,378 2,216 541 54 North Arcot 10,000 469 2,593 2,876 2,109 663 574 164 440 60 22 30 South Arcot 10,000 904 3,851 3,300 1,198 196 295 20 216 20 .... Salem 10,000 308 2,919 3,650 1,924 553 333 96 168 1!.l 11 19 Coimbatore 10,000 32 3,891 3,408 2,122 129 225 64 129 Nilgiris 10,000 621 5,724 2,620 483 69 276 69 (\!.l 69 Madurai 10,000 1,667 4,000 2,000 333 667 333 1,000 Tiruchirapalli 10,000 819 2,328 2,393 1,967 459 951 197 656 197 33 Thanjavur 10,000 5,000 5,000 Ramanatha puram Tirunelveli 10,000 10,000 Kallyakumari 10,000 1,250 2,708 3,542 2,084 208 208 STATE 10,000 493 3,050 3,321 1,839 490 - 3!)4 104 244 35 12 18 68 As regards the Scheduled Castes, the distribution with 8,127 househoids. Ramanathapuram and Salem of 10,000 cultivating households by size class of land districts have also low figures with 8,231 and 8,272 held in the various districts is given in Table 5-14. households, Since we know that Coimbatore and This reveals that the proportion of cultivating Schedu Salem districts have a predominant Scheduled Caste led Castes households with less than 5 acres has the population of Chakkiliyans and Ramanathapuram a highest value in Kanyakumari district with 9,776 predominant Scheduled Caste population of PaHans, it households followed by Nilgiris whh 9,423 households is evident that in the matter of holding lands these and it has the lowest value in Coimbatore district two caste groups are slightly better than the Paraiyans, Table 5-16. No. of Number of households with Interest in cultivating Less than 1'0 to 2'5 to 5'0 to 7'5 to 10'0 to 12'5 to 15'0 to 30'0 to 50 + Unspe· land culti House one 2'4 4'9 7'4 9'9 12'4 14'9 29'9 49'9 cified. vated holds. acre acres acres acres acres acres acres acres acres acres ( i) 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,00010,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,OCO Total (ii) 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 1O,0UO 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 (iii) 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Owned or held (i) 7,621 7,472 7,585 7,547 7,735 7,503 8,148 7,133 8,065 8,318 8,464 9,333 from (ii) 6,367 6,928 6,34!.l 5,755 6,017 5,!.l76 6,786 5,613 7,002 7,945 6,087 9,695 Government (iii) 8,920 7,445 8,797 9,085 9,115 8,840 9,378 8,971 8,868 10,000 10,000 9,167 Held from private (i) 1,0!}6 1,!.I5!.1 1,394 840 612 425 458 385 341 341 323 526 persons or institutions (ii) 2,086 2,481 2,304 1,823 1,122 553 584 335 242 411 1,304 122 for payment in money, (iii) 764 2,368 961 615 551 564 272 147 377 kind or share. Partly held from Govt. (i) J,283 569 1,021 1,613 1,653 2,072 1,394 2,482 1,5!.l4 1,341 1,213 141 and partly from private (ii) 1,567 591 1,347 2,422 2,761 3,471 2,630 4,052 2,756 1,644 2,609 183 persons for payment in (iii) 316 187 242 300 334 596 350 882 755 833 money, kind or share. Note: 0) General Population (ii) Scheduled Castes. (iii) Scheduled Tribes. Table 5-16 gives comparative distributions bet of full ownership by the Scheduled Castes are less than Ween the three kinds of interedt in the holdings viz. those for the general population. But in the case of (1) owned (2) taken on lease and (3) both owned Scheduled Tribes, proportions of fully owned holdings and taken on lease. From this Table it is seen that cases are greater than those relating to the general population. 69 Occupadonat distdbution of Workers. those of the general population. In regard to non· Earlier we analysed the position of workers agricultural workers coming under categories III to IX, among Schcuuled Castes and Scheduled Tribes by their industrial classificl1tioll may not really reveal industrial classification. With regard to cultivation the eXfl,ct typos of occupations followed by the work which is one of the nine industrial classifications, we ers. To bring out this, we tabulated the non-agri saw how the size-classes of the holdings of the Scheduled cultural workers according to their occupational codes Caste and Scheduled Tribe households compare with and tabulated them in SOT VII. Table 5-17. Proportion per Corresponding Serial Occupation Brief Description No. of 10,000 workers proportion in the No. Code No. workers among S.Cs. general population. ~_------1. 8H9 Labourers, not elsewhere classified. .485,567 1,502 854 2. 415 Plantation labourers. 42,754 132 71 3. 411 Farm Workers, Animals, Birds and Insects Rearing. 36,784 114 78 4. 850 Basketry Weavers and Related Wor- kers. 32,286 100 70 5. 931 Cleaners, Sweepers and Watermen 26,885 83 25 6. 720 Shoe niakers and shoe repairers 24,123 75 19 7. 404 Farmers and Farm Managers, Ani- mals, Birds and Insects Rearing 16,954 52 44 8. 950 Laundrymen, Washermeh and Dho- bies. 14,873 46 108 9. 729 Leather Cutters, Lasters. and Sewers (except Gloves and Garments) and Related workers not elsewhere classi- fied. 12,838 40 H 10. 104 Village Officials. 1l,7G1 SG 28 Table 5-17 prepared from Table SOT VII, gives a No. D31 (Cleaners, Sweepers and Waterman) the list of first ten important non-agricultural occupations, Scheduled Castes have a proportion of 83 per 1O,000 among the Scheduled Castes. This shows that the workers as against 25 [or the general population. In proportion of unskilled general labourers among the regard to Code Nos. 720 (Shoe makers and repairers) Scheduled Castes coming under Code No. 89H, is 1,502 for every 10,000 workers, as against 854 for the and 729 (Lellther cutter:;, sewers etc.) the Scheduled general population. The Scheduled Castes have also a Castes have greater proportiom; than those obtaining greater proportion of plantation labourers. In Code for the general population. Table 5-18. Paraiyan Group Pallan Group Kuravan Group Vltlluvan Group Ohakkiliyan Group ------~_--~--~- ~ .----~.-- _------~ ------_------~~- ~~ Occupation Popula. Occupation Popula- Occupation Popula- Occupation POPUltl- Occupation Popula- Code No. tion Code No. tion Code No. tion ~Code No. tion Code No. tion -~----.------~------~------~------SH9 247,156 899 80,448 850 13,175 899 4,206 899 1 --~----- 70 Description of occupation code numbers given in Table 5-1R. ---.. ~, ...,--.------.-----.----, Occupational Description Occupational Description Code No. Code No. ------052 Teachers, Middlfl and Primary School 710 Tailors, Dress Makers and Garment Makers Ox2 Astrologers, Palmists and Related Workers 720 Sho e makers and shoe repairers 104 Vmage OfficlaJs 721 Cutters, Lasters, Sewers, Footwear and Related Workers 301 Working Proprietors, Retail Trade 7~0 Leather Cutters, Lasters and Sewers (Fx cept Gloves and Garment) and Related workers 331 Hawkers, Pedlars and Street Vendors 770 Carpenters, Joiners, Pattern Makers (Wood) 404 Farmers and Farm Managers, Animals, 850 Basketry Weavers and Related Workers Birds and Insects Rearing. 411 Farm workers, Animals, Birds and Insects 853 Tanners, Fellmongers, Pelt Dreflsers and Rearing Related Workers 415 Plantation labou rers 890 Loaders and Un loaders 702 Spinners, Piecers and Winders 80!) Labourers, not elsewhere classified 704 Drawers and Weavers 9:n Cleaners, Sweepers aHd Watermen 709 Spinners, Weavers, Knitters, Dyers and 950 Laundrymen, 'Vashermen and Dhobiefl. Related Workers, not elsewhere classified. --,-- Table 5-18 gives thc~ first ten important occupa It is seen that out of 27,183 workers coming under tions among the non-agricultural workers in each of Code No. 853 and 729 (Tftnners, fellmongers, pelt the five major Scheduled Crtste groups. This shows dressers, leather cutters, sewers etc.) in the general that Code No. 809 ranks foremost for all the five population, 22,558 belong to the Suheduled CaRtes caste groups. Then in regard to Code No. 4lri (Plan and out of this, 15,lO6 are engaged in the occupation tation labour) the Paraiyans, Pallans and Chakkiliyans of tanning and currying of hides and skins. Then again, have large numbers. In Code No. 104 (Villago Officials) out of 37,60n workers coming under Code No. 931 the only caste group which has a larger number is the (Cleaners, Sweepers, Watermen etc.) in the general Paraiyan group. They are employed :19 village talaya population 26,885 belong to the Scheduled Castes and ris and as vettis. out of it, 23,060 are engaged as scavengers. Table 5.19. Population in the special Scheduled Caste Group occupation of Tanning & Tanning Scavenging Scavenging Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage _" ------~~-~.--- ._--_.. 1. Paraiyan 13,70!) 35'92 8,041 53'23 5,668 24'58 2. Pallan 587 1'54 125 0'83 462 2'00 3. Chakkiliyan 15,038 39'40 5,696 37'71 !),342 40'51 r 4. Kura,an 2,502 6'56 155 1-03 2,347 10'18 5. Valluvan 145 0'38 31 0'20 114 0'50 0, Others (including unclassified) 6,185 16'20 1,058 7'00 5,127 22'23 7. All Scheduled Castes (including uncla- :ssified) 38,166 100'00 15,106 100'00 23,060 100'00 71 Table 5-19 gives the number of workers engaged Scheduled Oaste workers in it and the Paraiyan 24'6%. in the two special occupations of tanning and scaven In this category of work the ;;hare of the Valluvan and ging, in each of the main Scheduled Caste group_ It Pallan is negligible. could be seen that among the Scheduled Castes, As regards the occupational pattern of the non engaged in tanning, Paraiyan group has a share of agricultural workers among the Scheduled Tribes, 53'2% and next to them the Chakkiliyan with 37'7%. Table 5-20 may be looked into for the first ten impor In scavenging the Ohakkiliyan constitutes 40'5% of the tant occupations. Table 5-20. Proportion Corresponding 81. No. Occupation Brief Description Persons per 10,000 proportion in Code No. workers the General among S. Ts. population ------_ ------_-----_ 1 8\)9 Labourers, not elsewhere classified 12,4\)2 873 854 2 415 Plantation Labourers 4,498 314 71 3 411 Farm Workers, Animals, Bild3 and Insects 1,386 97 78 Rearing 4 850 Basketry Weavers and Related -Workers 1.179 82 70 5 442 Log Fellers and Wood Cutters 1,122 78 8 6 91:: Butlers, Bearers, Waiters, Maids and Other Ser- 591 41 26 vants (Dome3tic) 7 419 Farm Workers, nut elsewhere classified 527 37 16 8 404 Farmers and Farm Managers, Animals, Birds 502 35 44 and Inflects Rearing 9 301 Working Proprietors, Retail Trade 330 23 251 10 931 Cleaners, Sweepers and Watermen 311 22 25 ------~~ Here also it is seen that general unskilled labou of the first ten important occupations among the rers top the list with 873 workers for every 10,000 fourteen important tribes of the State. It is seen that workers. The proportion of plantation labourers is Code No. '199 (Unskilled general labourers) comes 314, for every 10,000 workers among the Scheduled first or second for all the tribes except Toda and Tribes. The other occupations have very small Kanikkar. Plantation labour (Code No. 415) ranks proportions. first or second in all t.he tribes except Kattunayakan Table 5-21 gives the code numbers and population Kota, Sholaga, Toda, Kadar and Kanikkar. Table 5.21. Irular Kattunayakan Kota Kurmbas Malayali Mudugar Palliyan Occupa- Popu- Occupa- Popn- Occupa- Popu- Occupa. Popu- Occupa- Popu- Occupa- Popu- Occupa- Popu- tional lation tiona} lation tional lation tional lation tional lation tional lation tional lation Code No. Code No. Oode No. Code No. Code No. Code No. Code No. ------~------. _------.-~------_---- 899 7,853 899 197 899 22 415 244 899 2,009 899 30 415 289 415 1,156 931 157 720 19 899 45 415 1,927 415 2 899 166 850 880 850 123 733 14 850 27 442 184 704 1 419 159 442 832 411 85 415 5 449 20 411 175 950 1 411 121 411 793 3:n 66 641 £) 828 15 404 122 441 58 912 577 404 60 779 4 442 S 772 104 404 21 7DO 288 85D 54 280 3 702 7 104 68 903 15 301 274 709 '18 100 2 411 4 850 49 403 11 820 251 420 32 052 1 419 4 403 42 501 5 404 224. 421 26 289 1 109 2 301 35 100 2 72 Table 5-21-(Contd.) Paniyan Pulayan Sholaga Toda Kadar Malasar Kanikkar Occupa- Popu- Occupa- Popu- Occupa- Popu- Occupa- Popu- Occupa- Popu- Occupa- Popu- Occupa- Popu- tional lation tional lation tional lation tional lation tional lation tional lation tional lation Code No. Code No .. Code No. Code No. Code No. Code No. Code No. 899 320 415 612 899 696 411 68 899 109 899 388 404 52 415 179 899 606 442 68 850 10 449 54 411 29 411 44 850 69 419 178 903 26 715 5 415 8 415 21 899 41 411 26 850 20 404 21 059 4 903 2 442 20 415 29 JHl 17 Jll 13 411 17 710 3 101 1 x80 11 403 18 440 10 903 12 059 5 052 2 411 I 440 6 052 2 449 5 449 8 931 5 331 2 440 1 449 6 710 2 J-42 4 410 6 051 1 899 2 903 4 903 2 ·W3 3 076 4 OxO I 440 I 890 2 911 I ~!m 2 x80 4 403 I 950 2 Description of occupation code numbers given in Table 5-21. Occupational Brief Description Occupational Brief Description Code No. Code No. 051 Teachers, Secondary Schools 440 Forest Rangers and Related Workers 059 Teachers, n. e. c. 441 Harvesters and Gatherers of Forest Products including lac (except logs) 076 Labour and Social Welfare Workers 449 Loggers and Other Forestry Workers, n. e. c. OxO Ordained Religious Workers 641 Motor Vehicle and Motor Cycle Drivers. 100 Administrators and Executive Officials, 715 Sewers, Embroiderers and Darners, Textile & Central Government Fur Products. 101 Administrators and Executive Officials, 733 Blacksmiths, Hammersmiths and Forgemen, State Government 109 Administrators and Executive Officials, 772 Sawyers and Wood Working Machinists. Government, n. e. c. 280 Ministerial Assistants and Clerks 779 Carpenters, Joiners, Cabinet Makers, Cooper and Related Workers, n. e. c. 289 Clerical Workers, Miscellaneous, n. e. c. 790 Stone Cutters,Stone Carvers and StoneDressers 403 Planters and Plantation Managers 828 Coffee and Tea Blenders and Related Workers. 410 Farm Machinery Operators 859 Craftsmen and Production Process Workers n. e. c. 420 Hunters 903 Watchmen and Chowkidars. 421 Trappers x80 Workers reporting occupations unidentifiable or unclassifiable. The Scheduled Tribes do not generally get them themselves the title of Kattunayakan. The tribes selves engaged in scavenging, sweeping etc. but it is engaged in appreciable numbers in wood cutting etc. seen that 157 workers art! returned under Code No. 931 (Code No. 442) are the Irular, Malayali, Sholaga and (Cleaners, sweepers etc.) for the tribe of Kattu Malasar. The only tribe engaged in appreciable num nayakan. This is because some Dombars engaged in bers in collection of forest produces (Code No. 441) these professions in TiruchirapaUi district have assumed is the Palliyan. 73 10 Table 5-22 giws It list of ocrupational cOlles in the Scheduled Castes. Fourteen occupations have which the participation of females is appreciable among been listed in the Table. Table 5·22. Occupational Percentage of female Description of Occupation Code No. workers to total worker 331 Hawkers, Pedlars and Street Vendors 50 415 Plantation labourers 49 419 Farm Workers, not elsewhere classified 48 501 Quarrymen 38 709 Spinners, We[tYers, Knitters, Dyers and Related Workers, not elsowhere dassified. 38 810 Furnacemen, Kilnmen, and Ovenmen 47 811 Potters and Related Clay Formers 38 820 Millers, PoundofF;, Huskers, Parchers, Grains and Relftted Food Workers. 40 850 Basketry Weavers and Related Workers 53 899 Labourers, not eIRe where classified 48 911 Cooks, Cook-Bearers (Domestic and Institutional) 39 912 Butlers, Bearers, Waiters, Maids and Other Servants (Domestic) 47 931 Cleaners, Sweepers and Watermen 30 950 Laundrymen, Wa"hermen and Dhobies 43 Code No. 850 (Basketry weavers and related (4) Persons who do not do any work bnt live on workers) comes foremost with 53% participation in rent, royalty, pension etc. that type of work. In plantation labl)Uf also their (5) Beggars, vagrants etc. participation Is as hIgh as 49%. (6) Convicts or inmates of charitable institutions. Non-workers. (7) Persons who are not employed before but are The economically inactive portion of the popula seeking employment for the first time; and tion termed as non-workers forms 46'3% among the (8) Persons employed before but now 'out of Scheduled Castes and 43'2% among the Scheduled Tri employment and seeking employment again. bes as compared to 54'4% among the general popuht Of these categories, I, 7 and 8 are relevant for tion. The non-workers consist of the following study and their proportions per 1,000 non-workers categories : have been calculated for the Scheduled Castes, (1) Full time students. Scheduled Tribes and for the general population. The (2) Persons engaged in household chores. comparative figures for males and femltles are given in (3) Dependants. Table 5-23. Table 5·23. Persons employed before but now out Total non. working Full time students Persons seeking of employment and Others Type of population population employment for the seeking work first time. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females ..... -_.__ . -_._-_._------_._------_._--- General population ],000 1,000 360 119 14 I 6 Nil 620 880 Scheduled Castes 1,000 1,000 249 71 9 1 3 Nil 739 928 Scheduled Tribes 1,000 1,000 135 43 2 Nil 2 Nil 861 957 74 1t is seen trom this that whereas the general popu tabulated for this). The following are the proportions !ation has 360 students among the male non-worker:,;, of persons seeking employment for the first or subse the Scheduled Castes have only 248, and the Scheduled quent time out of 10,000 non-workers in each educa Tribes, a still lower figure of 135. A low figure tionallevel among the Scheduled Castes: among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes shows poor enrolment in schools of children of No. of persons seeking employment school going age. This aspect has already been Educational for every 10,000 non-workers in di.scussed in Chapter IV. level. each educational level among the Then as regards non-workers in the categories of Scheduled Castes. persons seeking employment, it is found that the Illiterates 18 proportions in the case of Scheduled Castes are less Literates (without than those for the general population. In the case of educational Scheduled Tribes, the proportions are practi level) 118 cally negligible. This is due to the fact that the per Primary or Junior Basic -178 sons in the lower rung adjust themselves to any kind Matriculation or higher of employment irrespecti ve of whether it requires skill secondary 2,522 or not, whether it is sustaining or not and whether Above Matriculation 2,482 it is dignified or not. They seek any kind of subsis tenf)O by partial employmefit even. It is also seen Table 5-21 gives the distribution of 10,000 non that, as in the case of general population, unemploy workers in tlifferout educational levels among the ment generally increases with literacy for the Schedu Scheduled Catltes and the general population in the led Castes (Data for the Scheduled Tribes are not districts. Table 5-2-1. Illiterate Literate (without Primary or Junior Matriculation educational level) Basic and above District Scheduled General Scheduled General Scheduled General Scheduled General Castes Population Castes Population Castes Population Castes Population ___------___... Madras 6,390 4,714 2,013 2,J!J3 1,403 2,150 114 643 Chingleput 8,601 7,583 1,065 ],637 ;_)15 659 19 121 North Arcot 8,615 7,863 919 1,3£)2 .J-36 659 30 86 South Areot 8,503 7,625 1,299 ],835 ISG 12 77 Salem 8,895 8,011 719 1,292 618 27 79 Coimbatore 8,969 7,238 745 1,757 844 24 f6I Nilgiris 8,120 6,694 1,270 1,833 [)62 1,274 48 199 l\ladurai 8,;)45 7,003 1;048 1,958 368 878 39 161 Tiruchirapalli 8,283 7,133 1,219 1,842 457 8tH 41 164 Thanjavur 8,699 7,090 1,020 1,987 792 18 131 Ramanathapurarn 8,628 7,089 1,022 1,9D5 777 38 139 Tirunelveli 8,307 6,720 1,217 2,247 877 47 156 Kanyakumari 6,091 5,442 2,536 2,911 1,206 1,3.58 167 289 STATE 8,468 7,097 1,099 1,872 400 864 33 167 It is seen that in the case of illiterates and litera in all the districts. But in the case of non-workers with tes without educational qualifications, the proportions educational qualification;;, the proportions among the of the non - workers among the Scheduled Castes Scheduled Castes are consistently lower than the are greater than those among the general population, corresponding proportions for the general population. 75 CHAPTER VI MIGRATION It is found that some castes and tribes aTe noma individual slip. Though the birth place of the indivi dic, some semi-nomadic and some vagrants, moving dual, whether it is rural or urban, and the duration from one place to another. In order to assess bow of migration have been ascertained, the exact cause of far the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have migration has not been elicited, migrational tendencies, certain special Tables were General migrational trends. prepared, These are Tables SCT VIII and SCT IX. Table 6-1 gives the percentage of migrants An attempt will now be made to analyse briefly among the Scheduled Castes the Scbedul,ed Tribes and their relative migrational tendencies, The basis for the general population. It also gives the break-up for the preparation of these special tables is the census males and females and for the rural and urban areas. Table 6.1, Percentage of migrants to total population among 'rotal Rural Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes General population Urban Persons Males Females Persons Males Fema.les Persons Males Females T 22'10 11'87 32'39 18'64 12'47 25'13 27'17 18'86 35'54 R 21'17 9'82 32'54 18'52 12'09 25'26 23'89 13'26 34'50 U 27'43 23'46 31'53 21'03 19'56 22'65 36'16 33'94 38'47 For the State as a whole, it is seen that the more than that among the Scheduled Castes, This percentage of migrants among the Scheduled Castes is may probably indicate that the movement of the 22'10 as against 27 '17 for the general population. The Scheduled Tribes for livelihood reasons is greater than percentage of migrants among the Scheduled Tribes that of the Scheduled Castes. is less than that of the Scheduled Castes, This gives Let us now analyse the percentages of migrants the general impression that the Scheduled Castes are enumerated in rural and urban areas. Whereas in the less mobile than the general population and that the case of the general population, the percentages of Scheduled Tribes are mobile to a leeser extent than the migrants found in the rural and urban areas are 23'89 Scheduled Oastes. and 36'16 respectively, the percentages found for the The cause of migration among the males is mostly Scheduled Castes are 21'17 and 27'43 and those for economical but in the case of females the causes can the Scheduled Tribes 18'52 and 21'03 respectively. be both economical and sociological. The females The differences between the figures for the urban and move with their menfolk in pursuit of work. They rural areas for the Sched;_rled Castes and the Scheduled have to move to their new home when they get Tribes are not so well marked as for the general married, unless the caste or tribe is matrilocal in population, In the case of males also, the differences which case the bridegroom begins to live with the between the urban and rural figures for the Scheduled bride in her house. Such tribes are however very few Oastes and Scheduled Tribes are not so well marked in this State. The percentage of migrants among the as in the case of the general population. But in the females is invariably higher than the percentage case of females, the rural figures are slightly more among the males. In the case of females, the per than the urban figures for the Scheduled Oastes and centage of migrants among the Scheduled Tribes is Scheduled Tribes, whereas in the case of the general less tha,n that among the Scheduled Oastes, which population, it is the reverse. This may indicate that in turn is less than that among the general population. This is true both in rural and urban areas, But among in urban areas migration due to marriage is on a lesser the males enumerated in rural areas the percentage of scale in the case of Scheduled Oastes and Scheduled migrants among the Scheduled Tribes is found to be Tribes than in the case of the general population. 76 Scheduled Caste migrants in districts. Migrants among S. C. groups and select S. Ts. Table 6-2 gives the percentages of migrants Table 6-3 gives the percentages of migrants in enumerated among the Scheduled Castes in the various each major group among the Scheduled Castes. districts of the State. The plantation district of It is interesting to note that the Kuravan group which Nilgiris has recorded the highest percentage of mig belongs to an ex-criminal tribe has recorded the greatest rants. Madras, Thanjavur. Tiruchirapalli and Coim percentage and the Pallan group the least. Among the batore districts have also recorded appreciable percen five major groups of the Scheduled Castes, the tages of migrants. In Madras and Coimbatore dist Pallan group has the greatest proportion of workers in ricts, there is a large movement of labour force for agriculture and that may be a reason as to why they industrial purposes and in Thanjavur and Tiruchira are less mobile than the other four major~groups. palli districts the move of labour is towards agricul Table 6·3. ture. Although Madurai district contains plantations and industries, the district has not attracted any Percentage of Scheduled Caste appreciable proportion of Scheduled Castes. The migrants to Groups backward district of Ramanathapuram has recorded total population the lowest percentage of migrants (15'52%). Paraiyan 21'99 Table 6-2. Pallan 19'85 Chakkiliyan 22'88 Percentage ofS.Cs. migrants in Kuravan 32'75 District ---~---~------~---~ Total Rural Urban Valluvan 27'84 All Scheduled Castes 22'10 Madras 25'56 25'56 Table 6-4 gives the percentage of migrants in each Chingleput 20'97 20'27 27'08 important Scheduled Tribe. The greatest percentage North Arcot 21'87 21'69 23'10 of migrants is noticed among the Kattunayakans. The South Arcot 20'77 20'74 21'27 other tribes having high percentages of migrants are Salem 20'51 20'14 24'20 the Palliyan, Irular and the Kurmbas. The tribe which 24'60 Coimbatore 20'73 36'47 has shown the least mobility is the Paniyan (6'68%)i Nilgiris 51'10 59'54 42'26 Although the Paniyans who are mostly agricultural Madurai 18'92 18'11 23'34 labourers in Gudalur taluk, move frequently from one Tiruchirapalli 24'70 24'08 29'85 master to another, they do not move to distant places. Thanjavur 24'89 24'42 31'25 It may be that their mobility is within the village from Ramanathapuram 15'52 14'53 23'63 one farm shed to another. Tirunelveli 19'57 19'22 21'30 Table 6-4. Kanyakumari 22'57 2:.N7 23'17 Percentage of The picture may be more revealing if we look Scheduled Tribe migrants to at the percentage of Scheduled Caste migrants enume total population rated in the urban and rural areas separately in each Irular 26'00 district. In rural areas, the migrants are in large Kadar 23'S9 proportions in the districts of Nilgiris, Tiruchira Kanikaran or Kanikkar 14'52 paUi and Thanjavur. This confirms the fact that Kattunayakan 31'41 these areas attract a large number of plantation and Kota 22'33 agricultural labourers. In the urban areas of the Kurmbas (including Kurumans) 23'48 various districts the migrants are found in large Malasar 14'56 proportions in the districts of Nilgiris, Coimbatore, Malayali 14'00 Thanjavur. Tiruchirapalli and Chingleput. The move Mudugar or Muduvan 12-61 ment to towns of Nilgiris is for domestic service and Paniyan 6'68 movement to towns ofCoimbatore, Tiruchirapalli and Palliyan 29'73 Chingleput districts is for employment in industries. Pulayan 18'88 The movement to the urban areas of Thanjavur dis Sholaga 15'09 trict is however due to scope for agricultural labour in the adjoining rural areas, Toda 18'21 77 Movement between rural and urban areas Table 6-8 that out of every 10,000 persons leaving We shall now consider what proportion of the rural areas, 8,463 go to rural areas and 1,537 only go to urban areas. In the case of males, 2,568 per migrants enumerated in rural areas comes from rural sons out of every 10,000 males leaving rural areas and wbat proportion from urban areas. We may move to urban areas. The rural to urban migrational similarly look into the proportions recorded in urban trend of the Scheduled Castes is not to the extent areas. Tablo 6-5 gives these proportions for the noticcd in the case of the general population, which Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and for the general is 2,570 out of every 10,000 persons leaving rural areas. population. First taking the migtrants enumerated Coming to caste groups, it is seen that Kuravan ranks in ruml areas, it is ::leen that, whereas in the case foremost in the matter of rural to urban migration. of the general population m'48% of the migrants are But if we consider the males alone, Paraiyan ranks from rural areas, in respect of Scheduled Castes and foremost. The movement of Paraiyan females from Scheduled Tribes, the percentages of migrants from rural to urban is low which lowers the proportion of rural areas are 97 '10 and 97'38 respectively. This both males and females. shows that in the case of Scheduled Castes and Sched uled Tribes, a comparatively larger proportion of migr ants to rural areas come from rural areas only. This As regards urban to rural migration, we see from is seen to be much more well-expressed in respect of Table 6-9 that out of every 10,000 Scheduled Caste migrants to urban areas' In respect of migrants re pcrsons leaving urban areas, 4,348 go to rural areas corded in urban areas for Scheduled Castes, 82'38% are and 5,652 go to other urban areas. The urban to ruralrnigrat.ion of the Scheduled Castes is seen to be from rural areas and for Scheduled Tribes it is 77'68% higher than that of the general population which is whereas for the general population it is only 64'30%. 3,266 out of every 10,000 persons leaving urban areas. So, although it may be true that the major source of migration to both rural and urban areas is rural For males alone the number of persons for every 10,000 going t.o rural areas from out of urban areas is 3,783. area in respect of all the three categories, the rural source is greater in respect of Scheduled Castel:! and As between the various caste groups within Scheduled Castes, the urban to rural migration is the largest Scheduled Tribes than in respect of the general popu lation. among Valluvan. The high proportion noticed in this caste group is Been because of t.he high urban to rural Table 6-(j gives the percentages of migrants from migrational trond noticed in the case of their females. rural or urban sources to rural or urban destinations If we consider the males alone, the urban to rural in reRpect of each major Scheduled Caste group. In migrational trend is 80ell to be the largest in the case respect of migrants enumerated in rural areas, the of PalllLIl and the lowest in tho case of Chakkiliyan. rural :,;ource is the greatest for the Chakkiliyan and the least for the Va,lluvan. As regards the migrants enu The original habit-at of Scheduled Tribes was the merated in urban areas, the rural source is the greatest forest. The forests are invariably classified as rural. for the Pallan and the least for the Valluvan. So if any per::lon belonging to a Scheduled Tribe is found in an urban area it ma.y be due to one of the Table 6-7 gives the percentages of migrants from following reasons: rural or urban sources to rural or urban destination in respect of each m8,jor tribe of Madras State. In the (1) He or sbe must have moved over to the town case of migrants enumerated in rural areas, the rural source is the greatest in respect of Kadar, Kota, in the present generation. Kurmbas, Muduvan and Palliyan and the urban source i::l the greatest in respect of Malasar and Kani (2) The movement to the town could have taken kkar. As regards migrants enumerated in urban place in a previous generation areas, the rural source is foremost in respect of Toda and' Kota and the urban source foremost in respect of (3) The original forest habitat might have been Paniyan and Kattunayakan. subsequently declared as urban as in Oota Table 6·8 gives the proportions of Scheduled camuud, Valpami, Papanasam etc. Caste migrants proceeding to rural and urban areas from out of the rural areas and Table 6-9 gives A person enumerated in an urban area, could be a proportions of Scheduled Caste migrants proceeding migrant only if that individual comes under category to rural and urban areas from out of the urban areas. For the Scheduled Castes as a whole, it is seen from 1 above. 78 o o o O~ ,...... 00 ~ o o,...... o o O~ ,...... 00 o o o oo~ o ,...... t 0",...... oo ~ <:'1 .-; o >0 o M o C'1 0" .-; 00 <:0 >0 00 ...... >0 o u:i, ".; o <.C> >0 >0 , ~1 o .-; <.C> O~ '? .-; C'1 >0 00 o o o >0 c O~ ~ t;- .-; C'1 >0 o 00 c o O~ >1";) ,...... o o o 00 M o t- o oo o O~ .-; o ...... o o o ...... O~ 00 .-; o o o ;!' <:0 o ...... 00 o .-; O~ 00 ...... Cl 00 ...... 00 ~l o >0 o 00 o O~ ...... 79 Table 6·7_ Percentage of Migrated into Scheduled Migrants Tribe Rural Urban From RIU P M F P M F Irular R 96'13 95'08 96'80 85'05 83'07 87-03 U 3'87 4'92 3'20 14'95 16-93 12'97 Kadar R 100'00 100-00 100-00 75-00 42'86 100-00 U 25-00 57-14 Kanikaran or R 82-92 81-72 83'67 Kanikkar U 17'08 18-28 16'33 Kattunayakan R 90-66 88'89 91-97 56.64 69-61 47-18 U 9'34 ll-ll 8'03 43'36 30'39 52-82 Kota R 100'00 100'00 100-00 93'88 89'66 100-00 U 6-12 10-34 Kurmbas R 100-00 100'00 100-00 65-15 68-42 60'71 '(including Kurumans) U 34'85 31-58 39-29 Malasar R 80'72 79'31 82'28 64'06 67'65 60-00 U 19-28 20'69 17-72 35-94 32'35 40-00 Malayali R 99'35 99'68 99-24 100'00 100-00 100'00 U 0'65 0-32 0-76 Mudugar or R 100'00 100-00 100-00 Muduvan U Paniyan R 96'09 94'74 97'18 53'49 41'18 61-54 U 3'91 5'26 2-82 46'51 58'82 38'46 Palliyan R 100'00 100-00 100-00 (including Palleyar) U Pulayan R 98-95 99'26 98-55 78'26 80'00 75'00 U 1-05 0'74 1.45 21'74 20'00 25'00 Sholaga R 99-75 100'00 99'54 80'00 57-14 92'31 U 0'25 0-46 20-00 42'86 7'69 Toda R 90-70 84'21 93-41 100-00 100-00 U 9'30 15'79 6-59 60 Table 6.S. Personsl Scheduled Caste Males/ Migrating into Migrating into groups Females Rural areas Urban areas Total -" - _"----"- Paraiyan P 8,433 1,567 10,000 M 7,009 2,991 10,000 F 8,857 1,143 10,000 Pallan P 8,726 1;274 10,000 M 8,173 1,827 10,000 F 8,939 1,061 10,000 Chakkiliyan p 8,333 1,667 10,000 M 7,628 2,372 10,000 F 8,637 1,363 10,000 Ruravan P 7,997 2,003 10,000 M 7,562 2,438 10,000 F 8,240 1,760 10,000 Valluvan P 8,366 1,634 10,000 M 7,291 2,709 10,000 F 8,789 1,211 10,000 All Scheduled Castes P 8,463 1,537 10,000 M 7,432 2,568 10,000 F 8,820 1,180 10,000 Table 6.9. Personsl Scheduled Caste Males/ Migrating into Migrating into groups Females Rural areas Urban areas Total Paraiyan P 4,229 5,771 10,000 M 3,461 6,539 10,000 F 4,702 5,298 10,000 Pallan P 5,543 4,457 10,000 M 5,876 4,124 10,000 F 5,380 4,620 10,000 Cbakkiliyan P 3,746 6,254 10,000 M 3,205 6,795 10,000 F 4,074 5,926 10,000 Kuravan p 3,772 6,228 10,000 M 3,729 6,271 10,000 F 3,799 6,201 10,000 Valluvan p 5,851 4,149 10,000 M 5,036 4,964 10,000 F 6,371 3,629 10,000 All Scheduled Castes P 4,348 5,652 10,000 M 3,783 6,217 10,000 F 4,685 5,315 10,000 tH 11 Table 6·10. Persons/ Migrating Migrating Scheduled Tribe Males/ into into Total Females Rural areas Urban areas Irular P 9,325 675 10,000 M D,155 845 10,000 F 9,434 566 10,000 Kadar P 5,714 4,286 10,000 M 7,778 2,222 10,000 F 3,7D3 6,207 10,000 Kanikaran or Kanikkar p 10,000 10,000 M 10,000 10,000 F 10,000 10,000 Kattunayakan P 8,464 1,536 10,ODO M 8,163 1,837 10,000 F 8,694 1,306. 10,000 Kota P 7,486 2,514 10,000 M 7,079 2,D21 10,000 F 7,872 2,128 10,000 Kurmbas (including Kurumans) P 4,522 5,478 10,000 M 4,157 5,843 10,000 F 5,000 .rJ,000 10,000 Malasar P 7,657 2,343 10,000 M 7,500 2,500 10,000 F 7,831 2,169 10,000 Malay ali P 9,97D 21 10,000 M 9,977 23 10,000 F 9,980 20 10,000 Mudugar or Muduvan p 10,000 10,000 M 10,000 10,000 "Ii' 10,000 10,000 Paniyan P 8,425 1,575 10,000 M 8,852 1,148 10,000 F 8,118 1,882 10,000 Palliyan (including PaUeyar) P 10,000 10,000 M 10,000 10,000 F 10,000 10,000 Pulayan P D,633 367 ] 0,000 M 9,571 429 10,000 F 9,714 286 10,000 Sholaga P 9,806 194 10,000 M 9,8D4 106 10,000 F 9,731 269 10,000 Toda P 9,915 85 10,000 M 9,697 303 10,000 F 10,000 10,000 All Scheduled Tribes P 9,560 440 10,000 M 9,356 644 10,000 F 9,664 336 10,000 82 Table 6-10 gives proportions of Scheduled Tribe group the migrants according to the proximity of the migrants proceeding to rural and urban destinations place of birth and compare the percentages. Table from out of every 10,000 persons leaving rural areas. 6-11 gives migrants of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled From this Table it, is seen that out of every 10,000 Tribes and the general population, classified according Scheduled Tribe persons, migrating from rural areas, to the proximity of the district of birth, Since during !),560 go to rural areas and only 440 go to urban the Census the name of the exact place of birth was areas, It is also seen that among the various not enquired, but only the name of the district, the tribes, the rural to urban migration is large among the proximity of the place of birth can only be inferred Kurmbas and Kadar, The tribes which have large from the proximity of the district of birth to the percentages of their population in urban areas are district of enumeration within the State, On a Malasar (69'4%), Kadar (66'9%), Kurmbas (56-2%) perusal of Table 6-11, the general trend of percentage and Paniyan (33' 2 %) . Among these, the proportions distribution is clear, For all the three sectors viz, of rural to urban migrants are high among the Kurm the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and the bas and Kadar. So these two tribes started moving general population, the percentages diminish, as we to urban areas only in the present generation. In the observe the vertical columns in the Table, In all case of Paniyan, the migration seems to be partly the three sectors the percentages of migrants bora in the prcsent generation and partly in the past gene elsewhere in the district of enumeration, shown in the rations, In the case of Malasars who have a high first horizontal line, are seen to be very high, The percentage of their population in urban area and yet a percentages of migrants born in adjoining districts low proportion of rural to urban migrants, the factor rank next, though relatively small, The percentages which brought about this situation is the recent decla· of migrants born in far off districts are then seen ration ofValparai area as urban tract. to be lower than the corresponding percentages of Birth place of migrants, adjoining districts. The percentages of migrants born We can study the migration of Scheduled Castes in other States are still lower, except in the case of alld Scheduled Tribes from another angle. We can Scheduled Tribes, Table 6·11. Percentage of migrants among Birth place General population Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes -~---~-_-~~------~ T R U T R U T R U -----_------_------_---- Born ol:;ewhere in the district of 70'16 82'71 47'38 81'95 88']0 54-85 85'67 86'54 71'18 enumeration Bom in tho u,djoining ui"Jtricts in the 14'07 11'44 21'37 10'78 8'13 22'48 9'32 8'86 16'96 State Born in other districts in the State 7'57 2'23 17'26 4'05 1'57 14'99 1·32 I-ll 4'77 Born in other States of India (3'42 2-92 12'78 2·5~ 1'55 6'78 3'28 3'07 6'73 Bol'll outside India 0'88 0'70 1'21 0'70 0-6[; 0'90 0'41 0-42 0'36 Total 100'00 100'00 100'00 100'00 100'00 100'00 100'00 100'00 100'00 Table 6-12 gives the percentage distribution of the least mobile. As regards the migrants coming migrants according to the birth place in each major from adjoining districts the percentage is the highest Scheduled Cm:te group, The percentage of migrants for Valluvan and the least for the Pallan, The percen born el8ewhere in the district of enumeration is seen tage of migrants coming from far off di~trictB is seen to to be the highest among the Pallan and the least among be the largest for the Pallan, The movement of Paral the Valluvan, The Pallans, as observed before, are yan to industrial and plantation areas is known to be 83 greater than that of any other Scheduled Caste in the percentages. The Kuravan has the least. tt has to State. As regards migrants corning from other States, be noted here that although the Kuravan has the the Valluvan ranks foremost and the Paraiyan comes largest percentage of migrants t.o its total population, next. The Pallan, of course, has the lowest percen the manner in which the migrants are distributed in the tage figure. Lastly in regard to migrants born outside various birth place categories is more rationalized than India, the Valluvan and the Pallan have the largest that observed for any other Scheduled Caste group- Table 6·12. Distribution of 10,000 migrants in Birth place All Scheduled Castes Paraiyan Group Pallan Group T R U T R U T R U .. ------_ ------Born elsewhere in the district of enumeratian 8,195 1,810 5,485 8,096 8,878 4,683 8,753 8,962 7,480 Born in the adjoining districts in the State 1,078 813 2,248 1,102 710 2,817 758 728 942 Born in other districts in the State 405 157 1,499 493 160 1,946 357 187 1,391 Born in other States of India 252 155 678 234 186 441 30 22 85 Born outside India 70 65 90 75 66 U3 102 101 102 Total 10,000 10,000 10,000 10.000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Table 6-12.-(Contd). Distribution of 10,000 migrants in Birth place Chakkiliyan Group Kuravan Group Valluvan Group T R U T R U T R U -~------~. BGrn elsewhere in the district of enumoration 8.419 8,672 7,348 8,155 8,476 7,135 7,805, 8,258 5,925 Born in the adjoining district in the State 1,244 1,126 1,744 1,436 1,243 2,051 1,528 1,283 2,543 Born in other districts in the State 199 108 581 219 108 574 323 157 1,012 Born in other States of India 114 72 295 172 158 216 242 194 441 Born outfiide India 24 22 32 18 15 24 102 108 79 Total 10,000 10,000 10,000 . 10.000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Table (\-l!) gives the distribution of 10,000 district are low. In the case of Paniyan, the percen migrants according to birth place in each of the 14 tage of total migrants to total population is itself low imrortant tribes of the State. The percentage of and so the low percentage of migrants within the w:grantg born elsewhere in the district of migration is district is not of much significance. As regards migrants seen to be high in the case of Muduvan, Pulayan, from adjoining districts, Kattunayakan and Irular 'roda, Rota, Palliyan, Malayali and Kanikkar. have large percentages. Percentages of migrants from Livelihood and marriage migrations among these tribes other States are high in the case of Paniyan, Kurmbas, arc mostly "ithin the district. The percentages among Malasar and Sholaga. The first three tribes have their tae tribes of Paniyan tond Kurmbas living in Nilgiris kinsmen in Kerala and Sholaga has its kinsmen in 84 Mysore State. Lastly, the percentages of migrants have gone to Penang, Malaya and other places in search from other countries are significant in the case of Irular of work and their children born while in foreign coun- and Malayali who have also a large number of migrants. tries are treated as migrants when they come to It is learnt from enquiry, that many Kolli Malayalis India. Table 6·13. Born Born in Born in Born in Born elsewhere the adjoin. other other outside Total in the ing districts districts States of India Scheduled Tribes district of in the State in the State India enumeration _------Irular 7,1)21 1,469 152 425 33 10,000 Kadar 8,285 429 429 714 143 10,000 Kanikaran or Kanikkar 9,195 805 10,000 Kattunayakan 7,038 2,114 247 537 64 10,000 Kota 9,677 269 54 10,000 Kurmbas (including 5,861 166 695 3,278 10,000 Kurumans) Malasar 7,182 447 275 2,096 10,000 Malayali 9,504 329 98 15 54 10,000 :M:udugar or Muduvl111 10,000 10,000 Palliyan (including Palleyar) 9,610 238 65 87 10,000 Paniyan 5,110 188 63 4,639 10,000 Pulayall 9,881 40 79 10,000 Sholaga 8,736 194 22 1,048 10,000 Toda !),769 154 77 10,000 Table 6-14 gives the percentage distribution of be considered low when we know that its rural areas Scheduled Oaste migrants among thc five birth place attract a large labour force in agricultural operations. categories in each districb. For the first category of In fact for the general population, the percentage of migrants born elsewhere in the district of enumeration, migrants from adjoining districts to the total migrants Tirunelveli district has recorded the highest percentage. is 12·91 %. So compared to the migrants from adjoi The percentage recorded in Salem district is also high. ning districts for the general population, the corres Since Madras district comprises of only one town, there ponding percentage figure for the Scheduled Oastes is cannot be any record of moveme; , within the district. low for Thanjavur district. As regards the third So barring Madras, the district \hlich has recorded the category of migrants from far off distriQts the percen lowest percentage of migrants from within the district tage is the highest in Nilgiris. Madras ranks second. is Nilgiris which however has attracted a large number The'districts of Ramanathapuram, Salem, Kanya of Scheduled Caste migrants from other districts. As kumari and Tirunelveli have recorded very low percen. regards migrants from adjoining districts, the highest tages. In the fourth category of migrants from other percentage is recorded by Madras and Nilgiris. The lowest percentage in this category is recorded by States, the bordering districts of Nilgiris and Kanya Tirunelveli district where migrants from other districts kumari hav.e recorded high figures. As regards the have little scope for better livelihood. The percentage last category of migrants from outside India, the recorded in Thanjavur district is 6·63 and this shouldl figures call for no special remarks. 85 Table 6-14, Districts of enumeration Birth place State Madras Chingleput T R U T R U T R U Born elsewhere in the district of enumeration 8l'95 88'10 54:'85 84·98 86'69 73'73 Born in the adjoining districts in the State 10'78 8'13 22'48 46'17 46'17 9'89 8'82 16'91 Born in other districts in the State 4'05 1'57 14'99 33'51 33'51 0'65 0'40 2'29 Born in other States of India 2'52 1'55 6'78 18'56 18'56 3·99 3-67 6'n Born outside India 0-70 0'65 0'90 1'76 1'76 0'49 0'42 0'96 Table 6-14,-( Contd_) Districts of enumeration Birth place North Arcot South Arcot Salem T R U T R U T R U Born elsewhere in the district 84'71 86'36 74'16 90'37 90'77 ~W03 92'46 92'66 90,71 of enumeration Born in the adjoining distl'i- 8'15 8'33 6'96 4'73 ' 4'61 6'62 5'37 5'23 6-61 cta in the State Born in other districts in the 1'88 0'66 9'71 2'96 2'76 6'17 0'32 0'16 1'66 State Born in other States of India 4'61 3'99 8'59 1'45 1-38 2'53 1'47 1'57 0'67 Born outside India 0'65 066 0'58 0'49 0'48 0'65 0'38 0-38 0-35 Table 6-14,-(Contd_) Districts of enumeration Birth place Coimbatore Nilgiris Madurai T R U T R U T R U Born elsewhere in the district 80'93 94'82 56'66 11'20 11'70 10'46 86'73 89'48 75'08 of enumeration Born in ,the adjoining districts n'93 40 58 24'77 35'74 44'50 22'79 10'59 9'00 17-30 in the State Born in other districts in the 6'31 0'10 17'16 38'38 34'37 44'32 2'04 0'96 6'61 State Born in other States ofIndia 0'71 0'48 1'10 14'19 9'05 21'79 0·26 0'16 0'68 Born outside India 0'12 0'02 0'31 0'49 0'38 0'64 0'38 0'40 0'33 86 Tabl.., 6.14,-(Contd') Districts of enumeration Birth place Tiruchirapalli Thanjavur , Ramanathapuram T R U T R U T R U Born elsewhere in the district 81'24 82'94 69'73 90'18 91'42 76'87 88'03 89'68 79'72 of enumeration Born in the adjoining districts 16'69 15'42 25'26 6'63 5'82 15'36 10'61 9'07 18'37 in the State Born in other districts in the 0'54 O';W 2'41 1'17 0'86 4'49 0'25 0'15 0'78 State Born in other States of India 0'23 0'09 1'21 0'69 0'62 1'46 0'23 0'15 0'59 Born outside India 1'30 1'29 1'39 1'33 1'28 1'82 0'88 0'95 0'54 Table 6·14,-(Contd.) Districts of enumeration Birth place Tirunelveli Kanyakumari T R U T R U Born elsewhere in the district 97'01 97'89 93'12 80'16 81'73 70'63 of enumeration Born in the adjoining districts 1'63 1'36 2'85 12'95 12'20 17'48 in the State Born in other districts in the 0'88 0'09 2'14 0'72 0'37 2'87 State Born in other States of India 0'29 0'08 1'20 6'16 5'69 9'02 Born outside India 0'19 0'08 0'69 0'01 0'01 Table 6·15, Districts of enumeration ~~~ Birth place Sta.te Madra.s Chingleput T R U T R U T R U Born elsewhere in the district 85'67 86'54 71'18 77'41 76'74 83'23 of enumeration Born in the adjoining districts 9'32 8'86 16'96 57'38 57'38 14'66 15'31 9'01 in the State Born in other districts in the 1'32 I'll 4'77 34'42 34'42 2'15 2'32 0'63 State Born in other States of India 3'28 3'07 6'73 8'20 8'20 5'61 5'44 7'13 Born outside India 0'41 0'42 0'36 O'l7 0'19 87 Table 6-15,-( Contd.) Districts of enumeration -"---~------~--- -- Birth place North Arcot South Arcot Salem T R U T R U T R U -~-- Born elsewhere in the district 83'71 83'59 88'21 78'11 80'74 40'99 94'73 94'75 73'69 of enumeration Born in the adjoining districts 13'27 13'43 7'23 15'12 13'38 39'64: 3'19 3'18 10'53 in the State Born in other districts in the 0'37 0-35 1'14 3'28 2'30 17'12 1'14 1'14 5'26 State Born in other States of India 2'08 2'05 3'04 3'16 3'29 1'35 0'56 0'55 5'26 Born outside India 0-57 0'58 0'38 0'33 0'29 0'90 0'38 0'38 5'26 Table 6.15.-( Contd.) Districts of enumeration Birth place Coimbatore Nilgiris Madurai T R U T R U T R U ~---- Born elsewhere in the district 88'31 89'29 77'32 68'86 67'52 73'32 95'61 99'15 73'4H of enumeration Born in the adjoining districts 2'83 2'21 9'79 9'26 10'69 4-48 2'93 0-12 20'45 in the State Born in other districts in the 0'63 7-73 2'07 1'08 5'38 0'52 3'79 State Born in other States of India 8'19 8'50 4'64 19'81 20'71 16'82 0'94 0'73 2'27 Born outside India 0'04 0'52 Table 6-15,-( Contd.) Districts of enumeration Birth place TiruchirapaUi Thanjavur Ramanathapuram T R U T R U T R U Born elsewhere in the district 83'53 84'14 70'15 83'33 82'76 100'00 50'61 100'00 49'16 of enumeration Born in the adjoining districts 13'48 13-00 23-88 15-00 15'52 46'12 47'48 in the State Born in other districts in the 0'13 0'14 1'67 1'72 1·63 1'68 State Born in other States of India 0'39 0'20 4'48 0'41 0'42 Born outside India 2'47 2'52 1'49 1'23 1'26 88 Table 6.15.-( Contd.) Districts of enumeration Birth place Tirunelveli Kanyakumari R u T R u Born elsewhere in the district 93'51 99'05 81'63 S6'09 91'43 30'00 of enumeration Born in the adjoining districts 5'19 0'95 14'29 3'48 40'00 in the State --, Born in other districts in the 1'3, 4'08 0'87 10'00 State Born in other States of India ... .,_ 9'56 8'57 :20'00 Born outside India .."J .I Table 6-15 gives the percentage dist ibutiotl of In the case of Scheduled Tribe migrants a reverse Scheduled Tribe mi~ants from among the ve birth trend is noticed. In the case of migrants of less th~n place categories in e ch district. This tab needs ,no 10 years duration of residence, the proportions among additional commen since the position h already the Scheduled Tribes are found to be greater than the been discussed trille-wise when we preseQted Taple corresponding proportions among the migrants belon 6-13. ging to the general population. In the case of migrants of duration of residence of more than 10 years, the Duration of residence of m'igrants. proportions among the Scheduled Tribes are found Table 6-16 gives the distribution of 10,000 migrants to be lesser than the corresponding proportions among classed according to duration of residence, in respect the migrants belonging to the general population. of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes a~d general This would indicate that among the Scheduled Tribes, population. On a scrutiny of this table, ;it is seen the migrants have lesser tendency to stick on to a that in the case of migrants of shorter duration of \ place. They move from place to place more frequently residence, say less than 5 years, the proportions among than the general population. the Scheduled Castes are smaller than the c6rrespond ing proportions among the general populatio~. In the In the case of migrants of duration of residence of case of migrants with duration of residenc~ of mOre less than five years the proportions of males are found to than 5 years,' the proportions among the Scheduled be greater than the corresponding proportions among Castes are found to be greater than the corI' sponding the females in the case of the general popUlation. The proportions among the general population. his may proportions between males and females get almost perhaps indicate that once the Scheduled C, tes start equalised in the case of migrants of duration of resi. migrating, they stick on for longer periods in those dence of 6 to 10 years. After that, the proportions of places of migration. Perhaps, the Scheduled Caste females increase over the corresponding proportions of migrants do not go about shifting from plac~ to ~ace, males. This pattern is found generally to hold as oftener as in the C'l.se of migrants belonging to the good even among the Scheduled Castes and the general population. Scheduled Tribes. 12 0 0 ~ C'l 00 ...-I 0 ~ C"l ...... I:- C"l C"l ~ 0 0_ 0'" ~- q l.Q C"l 0- ",- ,...., ...... C"l- ...... :: a 0 C"l ~ C'l l.Q 00 I:- til 0 00 0 <:0 0 0 M Q) ,D t- ...., ~ 0 o. l:- ~- 0 oo 0- .... C'l- ,....., ,..... M- cil ~ ,..... 0 0 00 00 l.Q 0 0 0:> 0 I- ,...., ,...., ,...., M ~ c;, ~ "'0 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ Q) 0- C'-l ...... G'-I- "S ...... '0 0 0 I:- - 00 0 ~ C!) 0 ...... 00 00 0 M 00 .g 0 I- -00_ "l <:0 U2 o· ...... '"e-i ..... eti cil 0 P'""I I:- 10 0 -..j< M -j.... 0 0 0 -..j< <:0 ,...., I:- ::s ~ 0 C"l 00 ..... ~ 0- "'- ~ ,...... ~ ...... ,...., C'l- 0 I- 00 00 ...... ~ 0 -1< l- t- t-.. ~ 00 0 00 l.Q '" ""'c!) o <:;> ;.."'- ... d FLY LEAF The tables rela\ing to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are presen~ed in the following pages. • At the outset, the papulation of Scheduled Castes according to the area restrictions given in the President's Order is given" in Statement 1. . In Statement II, the population of Scheduled Tribes accordjpg to the a.rea restrictions given in the Presi. , \ -; dent's Order is given. STATEMENT •• ,,__ f < ____ • .,. ~ <-p If) ZIT S1. No. Name of Caste Area where Scheduled Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 A. (i) In the district of Salem Pannadi ;, 837 348 489 (il) In the district of Coimbatore Pannadi " 9,908 5,041 4,867 (iii) In the disbric.t of Nilgiris Kanakkan or Padanna 38 " 96 58 (iv) In the district ofThanjavur 1. Koliyan 5,680 2,738 2,942 2. Vettiyan " 3,541 1,767 1,774 " (v) In the district of Kanyakumari 1. Ayyanavar 632 333 299 2. Bharatar " 513 229 284 3. Domban " 26 20 6 " 4. Kakkalan 26 14 12 5. Kavara. " 252 103 149 a. Kootan (Koodan) " 49 23 26 7. Ma.nnan " 16 7 9 8. Palluvan " 1 1 O. Panan " 157 71 86 10. Paravan " 1,472 748 724 11. Patbiyan " 30 18 12 " 12. Pulayan or Cheramar " 801 438 453 13. Thandan u 1,105 533 572 14. Uraly u 385 172 213 15. Vannan 3,067 1,519 1,548 16. Velan " 8 8 Vetan " 17. " 630 329 301 18. Vettuvan .. 141 61 80 B. Whole State 1. Chakkiliyan H 778,076 391,156 386,920 2. Kuravan, Sidhanar u 78,470 39,360 39,110 3. Nayadi u 107 45 62 4. Pallan 950,266 473,322 476,944 5. Paraiyan, Parayan " 1,513,627 758,129 755,498 (Sambavar) " 6. Valluvan ., 62,450 31,312 31,138 C. In the Shencottah taluk of Tirunel- veti district 1. Panan 17 " 25 8 2. Paravan II 78 62 16 3. Pulayan or Cheramar ;, 16 5 11 4. Vannan " 316 147 169 94 STATEMENT I-(Oonltl.) Sl. No. Name of Caste Area where Scheduled Persons Males Femalt>s 1 2 3 4 5 6 D. Whole State excluding Kanya- kumari district and Shencot'ah taluk of Tirune}veli' district. . 1. Adi-Andhra .. 18,269 9,440 8,829 2. Adi-Dravida 1,763,000 889,428 " 873,572 3. Adi·Karnataka .. 12,448 6,329 6,119 4. Aruntbathiyar 99,947 50,993 " 48,954 5. Baira 150 98 " 52 6. Bakuda 50 29 " 2l 7. Bandi 37 23 14 8. Chalavadi 1 " 1 9. Chamar or Muchi " 14 10 4 10. Chandala " 2 1 l ll. Cheruman .. 1,884 980 904 12. Devendra Kulatban 15,963 " 7,323 8,640 13. Dom, Dombara. Paidi or Pano 1,977 976 " 1,001 14. Godda 8 " 4 4 15, GOBangi 85 " 36 49 16. Holeya 1,826 " 966 860 17. Jaggali 8 " 2 6 18. Jambuvulu 10 " 8 2 19. Kadaiyan 1,750 " 854 896 20. Kalladi " II7 75 42 21. Kudumban 247,822 " 123,018 124,804 22. Madari 60,015 " 30,094 29,921 23. Madiga 3,198 1,620 1,578 24. Maila .' " 1 1 25. Mala 2,060 " 1,023 1,037 26. Mavilan 196 " 81 '115 27. Moger 13 " 13 28. Mundala 4 " 4 29. Nalakeyava 21 " 2 30. Pagadai 19,299 " 9,678 9,621 31. Pambada 12 " 6 6 32. Panchama 278 " 106 172 33. Panniandi ." 642 344 298 34. Puthirai Vannan 9,696 " 4,914 4,782 35. Samagara 19 9 10 36, " Sam ban 'J 136,818 68,607 68,211 37. Semman 176 " 76 100 38. Thoti .. 41,129 20,677 20,452 39. Tiruvalluvar It 10,077 4,738 5,339 95 STATEM~NT II SI. No. Name of Tribe Area where Scheduled Persons. Males Females 1.: 1 2 3 4 5 6 A. (i) In the district of North Arcot Malayali 30,881 16,066 14,815. " (ii) In the district of Salem 92,730 47,299 45,431" MalayaJi " (iii) In the district of NiJgiris Kurmbas .. 1,174 609 565 (iv) In the district of Tiruchirapalli Malayali .. 6,341 3,300 3,041 ,(v) In the distric~ of Kanyakumari 1. KanikaJ'an or 879 723 .&anikkar " 1,602 2. Mala.rPandaram 3 2 1,_ " 3. Malai Vedan 2 1 1. " 4. :&:fulakkuravan .. :I 2' j 5. PaUeyar 3 3 " B. Whole State 1. Iru1ar it 79,835 40,860 38,975 2. Kadar. 293 158 135 " C. In the Shencottah taluk of Tirunelveli district 1. ~anikaran or , , Kanikkar " 195 106 89 Malai Arayan 2. " 58 31 27 ,~6 STATEMENT II-{Oontd.} S1. No. Name of Tribe Area where Scheduled Persons Males Fema,ies 1 2 3 4 5 6 D. Whole State excluding Kanyakumari district and Shencottah taluk of Tirunelveli district. Adiyan 8 7 1 l. " 2. Aranadan 1 1 " 3. Kammara 26 17 9 " 4. Kattunayakan 6,459 3,171 3,288 " 5. Konda Kapus 3 3 " 6. Konda Reddis 8 5 " 3 7. Koraga 6 4 2 " 8. Kota 833 461 372 " 9. Kudiya or Melakudi " 2 1 1 5 2 10. Kurichchan " 3 II. Kurumans 112 48 64 " l2. 1,999 1,056 943 Malasar " ]3. Mudugar or Muduvan 119 66 53 " 1,551 789 14. Palliyan " 762 15. 4,779 2,470 2,309 Paniyan " 16. 2,669 1,393 1,276 Pulayan " 17. 6,136 3,107 Sholaga " 3,029 18. Toda 714 375 339 " 07 13 TABLE seT I PARTS A AND B Industrial Classification of persons at work and non-workers by sex for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Rural and Urban. FLY LEAF Table SCT I presents the total Humber of workers crop. It is not necessary that a person should own classified into the nine industrial categories and non the land absolutely. Any person who works on ano workers (for each sex) for Scheduled Castes and ther's land for wages in cash or kind without having Scheduled Tribes. Part A relates to Scheduled Castes any supervision or direction in cultivation, has been and Part B to Scheduled Tribes. Figures are presen classified as agricultural labourer. The third ted for the State and the districts with rural-urban Classification of workers relates to the persons engaged break-up. Totals are not given but the figures may in the sector of Mining and Quarrying, Livestock, be compiled by adding up the corresponding rural Forestry, Fishing, Hunting and Plantations, Orchards and urban figures. The nine industrial categories and other allied activities. A household industry is adopted are;- 1. Cultivator; II. Agricultural defined as an industry conducted by the head of the Labourer; III. Mining, Quarrying, Livestock, Fores household himself and / or by the members of the try, Fishing, Hunting~ Plantations, Orchards and household at / or home within the village and only at allied activities; IV. Household Industry; V. Manu home in urban areas. The fifth classification includes facturing other than household industry; VI. Cons all manufacturing except manufacturing done in truction; VII. Trade and Commerce; VIII. Trans household industry. The sixth group of worker inclu. port, Storage and Communications and IX. Other des construction and maintenance of buildings, roads, Services. The term "worker" and the nine industrial telegraph, telephone line, waterways, reservoirs etc. categories are briefly described below: The seventh group of worker relates to retail and A worker is one who is engaged in any productive wholesale trade and' commercial activities like ban king, money lending, stocks and shares etc. The occupation. A person may be working as a cultivator or an agricultural labourer or in any household indus eighth group of worker includes t,ransport by all modes, storage and warehousing and Postal, Tele try or may be engaged in doing some other work. The last named category will include persons who are phonic and Other Communications. The ninth classifi engaged in productive activities other than cultivation, cation, "Other Services" includes workers in Govern ment service, educational, medical, legal, business, business, trade, communication, transport service or personal and community services. It also includes other miscellaneous services. In the case of persons general and casual labourers who do not have any fixed who are employed during certain specified seasons only, as in cultivation, livestock, houeehold industry, place of work. he will be regarded as a worker, provided he has some SCT I. PART A. regular work for more than an hour per day throughout According to the President's notification there the greater part of the working season. In the case of should be 79 Scheduled Castes. In the 1961 Census, persons regularly employed in any trade, profession, only 67 castes have been returned in the State. The service or business or commerce, he is considered as a persons who have been returned under the generic worker if he was employed during any of the 15 days names of Scheduled Castes and Harijans have been preceding the day of enumeration. Beggars, pen grouped and shown as "Unclassified". sioners, rent or dividend receivers who may be earning an income but are not participating in any productive The number of workers in the two special occupa work are not considered as workers unless they are tions "Tanning and Currying of hides and skins" also engaged in ind ustry, trade or commerce. An and "Scavenging" for each Scheduled Caste has also adult woman engaged in household duties alone is not been given in columns 27 to 30. considered as a worker. SCT I. PART B. A perf:;.,)ll is classified as cultivator if he or she According to the President's List the number of is engaged as an employer, single worker or family Scheduled Tribes in the State should be 42. Only 28 worker in cultivation of land or supervision or direc tribes have been returned in the 1961 Census. r_rhe tion of cultivation of land, owned or held from Govern persons who have been returned under the generic ment or held from private persons or institutions for names of Scheduled Tribes, Adivasis etc. have been payment in money, kind or share in the produce of grouped and shown as "Unclassified". 101 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 MADRAS STATE-RURAL TOTAL 5,141,487 2,574,378 2,567,109 1,635,314 1,212,480 I. Adi-Andhra 7,498 3,785 3,713 2,453 1,525 2. Adi-Dravida 1,400,753 704,902 695,851 4+0,079 309,549 3. Adi-Karnataka 4,958 2,534 2,424 1,509 1,089 4. Arunthathiyar 57,253 28,998 28,255 17,861 1I,849 5. Ayyanavar 632 333 299 170 75 6. Baira 148 98 50 44- 10 7. Bakuda 33 20 13 15 4 8. Bandi 36 23 13 20 6 9. Bharatar 454 198 256 94 36 10. ChakkiIiyan 693,191 349,098 344,093 228,030 158,313 11. Chamar or Muchi 4 3 3 12. Cheruman 798 401 397 287 221 13. Devendra Kulathan 11,619 5,653 5,966 3,533 3,146 14. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 747 402 345 198 101 15. Gosangi 85 36 49 22 32 16. Holeya 1,736 923 813 630 261 17. Jaggali 8 2 6 2 18. Kadaiyan 1,542 743 799 441 100 19. Kakkalan 19 8 II 5 7 20. Kalladi 80 53 27 27 21. Kavara 159 72 87 38 19 22. Koliyan 5,611 2,707 2,904 1.734 1,372 23. Kudumban 234,865 116,812 118,053 75,839 60,807 24. Kuravan, Sidhanar 59,833 30,133 29,700 19.188 14,121 25. Madari 49,094 24,603 ~4,491 16,438 11,932 26. Madiga 2,754 1,393 1,361 848 595 27. Mala 1,990 971 1,019 660 414 28. Mannan 16 7 9 29. Mavilan 187 77 110 58 50 102 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES RURAL WORKERS ------~---- II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household Sl. No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 584,493 334,023 643,839 616,687 52,943 19,923 55,739 24,114 35,098 6,663 579 244 1,166 995 82 29 144 4 31 1. 177,208 90,745 168,863 166,321 11,597 2,207 4,041 2,177 10,718 2,151 2. 472 204 202 152 688 655 5 4 31 2 3. 5,826 2,805 5,034 5,591 514 82 3,230 663 684 73 4. 16 81 34 14 19 5. 10 6. 2 9 3 7. 8. 4 8 2 32 12 5 9. 27,114 15,813 105,442 78,110 8,098 3,921 23,964 3,456 8,850 964 10. 11. 7 5 73 66 37 30 2 11 12. 1,623 1,368 1,173 1,419 129 27 42 27 227 80 13. 14. 53 16 29 36 34 27 54 19 4 13 28 7 3 15. 472 178 81 62 8 4 2 16. 2 17. 39 15 2 332 26 77 2 18. 3 2 19. 27 20. 16 21. 773 545 718 692 34 3 28 54 7 22. 43,045 27,778 19,284 22,848 1,908 603 871 459 1,286 400 23. 5,5(;0 3,359 2,386 2,049 1,071 549 6,163 5,765 533 275 24. 1,119 562 7,043 4,929 901 367 1,625 339 604 62 25. 430 301 238 150 30 30 33 6 10 26. 472 365 48 10 2 9 27. 28. 12 6 33 29. 103 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS -- --"--_ .. --~------VI VII VIII S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 IS 19 20 21 22 MADRAS STATE-RURAL TOTAL 10,416 2,349 7,304 3,369 6,462 134 1. Adi-Andhra 2 9 3 13 2. Adi-Dravida 3,484 360 2,187 1,090 2,730 22 3. Adi-Karnataka 4 3 5 4. Arunthathiyar 72 33 S6 16 74 3 5. Ayyanavar 2 6. Baira 7. Bakuda S. Bandi 9. Bharatar 22 14 10. Chakkiliyan 836 460 577 IS3 519 IS 11. Chamar or Muchi 12. Cheruman 3 13. Devendra Kulathan 23 27 3 21 14. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 2 2 15. Gosangi 16. Holeya 17. Jaggali ... IS. Kadaiyan 2 19. Kakkalan 20. Kalladi 21. Kavara 22. Koliyan 5 11 23. Kudumban 318 24 365 227 243 3 24. Kuravan, Sidhanar 117 36 616 476 157 25. Madari 42 19 55 17 57 26. Madiga 2 27. Mala 4 28. Mannan 29. Mavilan 'l ;3 10'* AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR . SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging SI. No. In Other Services Non-workers and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 239,020 205,218 939,064 1,354,629 7,938 652 3,965 861 427 249 1,332 2,188 130 13 5 I. 59,251 44,476 264,823 386,302 2,718 179 527 23 2. 99 71 1,025 1,335 3. 2,341 2,583 11,137 16,406 442 15 115 7 4. 56 19 163 224 5. 44 54 40 6. . 1 4 5 9 3 7. 19 5 3 7 8. 21 8 104 220 9. 52,630 55,388 121,068 185,780 3,423 199 1,240 424 10. 2 11. 153 117 114 176 12. 268 222 2,120 2,820 13. 20 3 204 244 14. 14 17 15. 67 17 293 552 16. 6 17. 40 5 302 699 18. 2 4 3 4 19. 26 27 20. 34 2 34 68 21. 157 77 973 1,532 22. 8,519 8,465 40,973 57,246 13 3 23. 2,585 1,612 10,945 15,579 6 78 477 124 24. 4,992 5,637 8,165 12,559 208 115 71 13 25. 104 108 545 766 11 2 26. 129 32 311 605 27. 6 9 28. 10 41 EJ 60 29, lOQ 14 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 MADRAS STATE-RURAL 30. Moger 11 11 31. Nayadi 91 39 52 21 27 32. Pagadai 17,735 8,890 8,845 5,777 4,427 33. Pallan 829,979 411,869 418,110 262,582 211,389 34. Palluvan 35. Pambada 8 5 3 3 2 36. Panan 52 26 26 12 3 37. Panchama 271 104 167 44 95 38. Pannadi 6,923 3,451 3,472 2,188 1,491 39. Panniandi 281 159 122 72 43 40. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 1,358,420 678,579 679,841 428,422 331,013 41. Paravan 1,429 732 697 381 176 42. Pathiyan 30 18 12 8 43. Pulayan or Cheramar 881 438 443 226 156 44. Puthirai Vannan 8,021 4,104 3,917 2,611 2,061 45. Samagara 19 9 10 4 3 46. Samban 131,213 65,764 65,449 44,956 34,391 47. Semman 88 43 45 26 18 48. Thandan 1,037 505 532 340 180 49. Thoti 29,194 14,771 14,423 9,478 5,823 50. Tiruvalluvar 7,575 3,195 4,380 1,978 1,733 51. Uraly 384 171 213 76 49 52. Valluvan 52,955 26,592 26,363 15,550 9,699 53. Vannan 2,482 1,209 1,273 705 537 54. Velan 8 8 55. Vetan 602 314 288 155 33 56. Vettiyan 3,541 1,767 1,774 1,236 1,011 57. Vettuvan 141 61 80 39 23 sa. Unclassified 152,012 76,575 75,437 48,197 32,462 ~O~ AND NON-WORKERS 8Y SEX FOR SCHEDULED CAStES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household As Cultivator other than Household Sl. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 30. 2 2 3 11 3i. 981 625 2,082 2,289 231 75 841 188 373 57 32. 121,028 77,742 97,021 101,294 8,481 3,753 2,731 1,661 3,477 897 33. 34. 3 2 35. 1 3 1 5 36. 41 94 37. 666 232 606 557 44 11 46 24 161 4 38. 7 2 14 10 22 8 39. 158,446 91,828 180,723 179,647 14,353 6,199 8,983 7,320 5,151 944- 40. 25 4 6 48 3 97 84 14 3 41. 4 3 42. 12 3 104 85 7 2 4 12 11 15 43. 296 129 121 163 20 6 13 9 14 4 44. 2 45. 12,031 6,514 25,860 24,026 1,141 159 365 481 221 91 46. 13 7 2 2 2 6 5 47. 11 35 11 6 11 20 106 46 48. 2,998 1,559 .. 1,133 1,240 1,529 639 362 279 668 409 49. _ " 787 569 305 838 12 4- 131 25 198 30 50, 8 5 2 6 51. 5,346 2,694- 4,228 5,081 202 79 477 246 749 52 52. 47 11 3 2 2 1 4 28 4 53. 54. 81 10 63 13 4 55. 172 106 868 866 4-8 6 7 6 3 56. 14 5 8 16 14 57. 16,617 7,648 18,766 16,976 1,256 438 1,380 585 927 92 58. 107 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 MADRAS STATE-RURAL 30. Moger 31. Nayadi 3:<. Pagadai 23 18 6 3 :u 3 33. Pallan 1,130 200 1,088 427 786 13 34. Palluvan 35. Pambada 36. Panan 37. Panchama 38. Pannadi 43 2 13 13 9 39. Panniandi 5 0 40. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 2,171 301 1,647 564 1,439 70 41. Paravan 31 58 57 4 42. Pathiyan 43. Pulayan or Cheramar 44. Puthirai Vannan 6 4 4f>. Samagara 3 46. Samban 115 32 62 15 66 47. Semman 2 3 48. Thandan 2 49. Thoti 1,574 820 43 26 14 50. Tiruvalluvar 35 4 33 23 24 51. Uraly 52. Valluvan 124 2 197 96 126 53. Van nan 54. Velan 55. Vetan 3 3 56. Vettiyan 1 2 57. Vettuvan 58. Unclassified 255 36 174 92 133 108 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging In Other Services Non-workers and skins S1. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 30. 16 14 18 25 31. 1,219 1,169 3,113 4,418 59 13 242 ~15 32. 26,840 25,402 149,287 206,721 9 56 22 33. 34, 2 35. 3 14 23 36. 2 60 72 37. 600 648 1,263 1,981 38. 23 14 87 79 2 2 2 39. 55,509 44,140 250,157 348,828 496 29 828 95 40. 98 24 351 521 41. 10 12 42. 86 39 212 287 43. 2,137 1,749 1,493 1,856 44, 5 7 45. 5,095 3,073 20,808 31,058 48 29 10 46. 17 27 47. 167 102 165 352 48. 1,157 8,600 46 228 81 850 5,293 ,___ 49. 453 240 1,217 2,647 50. 65 38 95 164 51. 4,101 1,449 1l,042 16,664 5 6 52. 644 495 504 736 53. 8 54. 6 3 159 255 55. 135 27 531 763 56. 3 22 57 57. 8,689 6,595 28,378 42,975 338 10 114 14 58. 109 seT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLAsSIFICA TlON OF PERSONS AT WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 554,151 282,407 271,744 176,725 103,386 1. Adi-Andhra 5,754 2,925 2,829 1,873 1,166 2. Adi-Dravida 440,865 224,955 215,910 140,124 81,808 3. Adi-Karnataka 114 49 65 34 35 4. Arunthathiyar 2,287 1,147 1,140 707 395 5. Baira 11 10 6. Chakkiliyan 8,468 4,297 4,171 2,784 1,771 7. Cheruman 25 13 12 6 9 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 195 85 110 52 30 9. Kudumban 14 5 9 4 5 10. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2,963 1,532 1,431 1,005 548 11. Madari 10 10 4 12. Madiga 13 5 8 2 13. Pallan 1,936 1,009 927 660 241 14. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 55,046 28,072 26,974 18,020 11,092 15. Puthirai Vannan 155 73 82 43 3 16. Samban 118 69 49 69 49 17. Thoti 2,521 1,396 1,125 932 544 18. Tiruvalluvar 134 55 79 41 30 19. Valluvan 2,905 1,484 1,421 886 356 20. Unclassified 30,617 15,226 15,391 9,482 5,300 110 AND NON.WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household As Cultivator Sl. No. Labourer and Plantations, -Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 56,460 20,771 74,080 64,152 5,093 1,104 1,859 351 7,528 2,005 421 136 1,006 950 40 6 119 3 19 1. 45,056 17,060 58,553 49,683 4,095 917 497 133 6,289 1,682 2. 3 31 34 3. 167 113 279 247 11 107 3 55 7 4. 5. 605 239 1,127 1,261 66 18 555 46 196 27 G. 6 9 7. 15 22 19 3 3 6 7 3 8. 3 3 9. 240 90 203 226 75 50 269 85 32 9 10. 4 11. 2 12. 164 46 257 192 5 3 4 13. 5,950 L2,103 8,499 7,980 570 58 150 30 302 12 14. 3 15. 15 10 40 16. 187 108 III 104 54 22 6 5 351 237 17. 16 3 10 IB 7 2 5 5 lB. 267 65 237 232 12 57 4 84 15 19. 3,351 804 3,728 3,196 159 30 81 29 147 11 20. U1 seT I PART A --- INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 2,379 213 1,396 451 2,096 4 1. Adi-Andhra 2 9 2 13 2. Adi-Dravida 1,801 185 1,206 349 1,818 3 3. Adi-Karnataka 4. Arunthathiyar 2 13 21 5. Baira 6. Chakkiliyan 9 4 8 19 8 7. Cheruman 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 9. Kudumban 10. Kuravan, Sidhanar IG 48 40 12 11. Madari 12. Madiga 13. Pallan 19 2 4 14. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 295 3 81 22 162 15. Puthirai Vannan 16. Sarnban 3 17. Thoti 122 18 2 2 18. Tiruvalluvar 3 2 19. Valluvan 15 6 5 11 20. Unclassified 97 2 20 9 42 112 AND NON·WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATI00:S IX X In Other Services Non-workers Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging SI. No. and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females -23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 25,834 14,335 105,682 168,358 1,688 87 135 60 244 68 1,052 1,663 116 6 3 1. 20,809 11 ,796 84,831 134,102 1,060 79 56 16 2. 15 30 3. 52 25 440 745 87 4. 9 5. 210 157 1,513 2,400 358 6 17 17 6. 7 3 7. 3 33 80 8. 2 4 9. 110 47 527 883 2 13 5 10. 6 11. 3 8 2 12. 204 349 686 13. 2,011 884 10,052 15,882 4 '2 14. 38 3 30 79 15. 48 16. 97 49 464 581 ~O 4 17. 15 49 18. 197 35 598 1,065 19. 1,857 1,219 5,744 10,091 60 10 20. 113 15 seT I PART A - iNDUSTRIAL CLAsSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 542,063 271,393 270,670 164,295 127,781 1- Adi-Andhra 755 360 395 232 151 2. Adi-Dravida 390,395 195,276 195,119 117,489 94,280 3. Arunthathiyar 34,508 17,541 16,967 10,682 7,070 4. Baira 94 45 49 10 5. Bandi 2 2 6. Chakkiliyan 15,033 7,626 7,407 4,761 3,101 7. Chamar or Muchi 2 2 2 8. Cheruman 167 70 97 49 54 9. Devendrakulathan 3 3 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 192 147 45 79 24 II. Gosangi 24 17 7 11 6 12. Jaggali 13. Kadaiyan 5 4 2 14. Kuclumban 4,720 2,432 2,288 1,587 1,076 15' Kuravan, Sidhanar 11,873 5,874 5,999 3,753 2,717 16. Madiga 61 31 30 20 20 17. Mala 1 18. Nayadi 26 7 19 5 13 19. Pagadai 20. Pallan 110 57 53 28 32 21. Pambada 22. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 42,548 21,118 21,430 13,181 10,897 23. Puthirai Vannan 507 269 238 128 90 24. SeIDman 2 2 2 25. Thoti 9,812 4,887 4,925 3,012 1,913 26. Tiruvalluvar 3,954 1,689 2,265 992 939 27. Valluvan 5,796 3,138 2,658 1,826 920 28. Unclassified 21,470 10,796 10,674 6,453 4,466 114 AND NON - WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household 51. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Iudustry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 73,857 42,224 47,003 56,607 4,101 897 6,618 2,338 5,080 456 95 91 36 23 2 21 11 1. 53,947 31,827 35,631 43,051 2,690 498 1,725 468 3,548 282 2. 3,777 1,686 2,607 3,049 199 19 2,141 525 397 23 3. 10 4. 5. 1,669 875 1,099 1,263 84 13 1,093 289 195 11 6. 7. 3 2 22 33 13 13 2 8. 9. 28 12 6 8 6 28 10. 4 6 7 11. 12. 2 13. 1,208 787 126 143 48 7 89 25 10 14. 1,729 1,029 386 413 214 128 911 698 29 4 15. 7 4 6 9 6 16. 17. 2 2 3 11 18. 19. 11 15 12 12 4 3 20. 21, 6,318 3,150 4,446 5,831 260 35 151 88 258 24 22. 32 24 28 25 2 23. 2 24. 1,230 679 385 464- 331 116 142 116 158 74 25. 476 338 140 475 9 69 10 96 23 26. 787 214 420 399 23 13 52 47 78 3 27. 2,533 1,485 1,651 1,403 216 48 184- 49 296 11 26. Uij seT PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 1,758 373 980 617 702 11 l. Adi-Andhra 2. i\di-Dnwida 1,079 146 525 343 558 5 3. i\runtha thivar 38 9 53 13 31 3 4. Baira 5. Fandi G. Chakkiliyan 37 22 5 4 11 3 7. ChamaI' or Muchi 3. Chcruman 9. Dcvcndrakula than 10. Dom. Dombara, Paidi or Pano 11. Gosangi 12. Jaggali 13. Kadaiyan 14. Kudnmhan 4 5 2 1.1. iZllrayan. Sidhanar 19 11 222 201 12 16. lViacliga 17. h1ala lB. Nayadi 19. Pagadai 20. Pallan 21. Pambada 22. Pnraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 45 5 44 6 46 23. Puthirai Van nan 24. Semman 25. Thoti 455 177 17 5 4 7 26. 1~-iruvalluyar 13 26 11 19 27. VaJluvan 28 25 17 13 28. Undassified 40 3 58 14 H6 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WOKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tranning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers Scavenging 51. No. and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 24,196 24,258 107,098 142,889 2,362 108 377 16 67 36 128 244 14 1 1 I. 17,786 17,660 77,787 100,839 1,523 81 310 2. 1,439 1,743 6,859 9,897 285 15 22 3 '3, 45 39 4. 5. 568 621 2,865 4,306 177 7 11 10 6. 2 7. II 4 21 43 8. 3 9. 15 68 21 10. 6 11. 12. 2 13. 96 112 845 1,212 14. 231 233 2,121 3,282 5 1 15, 8 11 10 5 J6. 17. 2 6 18. 19. 29 21 20. 21. i,G13 1,758 7,937 10,533 131 22 22. 64 40 141 148 23. 24. 290 282 1,875 3,012 44 25. 156 81 697 1,326 26, 394 227 1,312 1,738 27. 1,462 1,454 4,343 6,208 182 4 6 28. U7 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 756,163 318,532 377,631 242,699 114,415 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 333,137 167,507 165,630 107,523 76,318 3. Arunthathiyar 4,128 2,192 1,936 1,421 857 4. Baira 43 43 43 5. Chakkiliyan 13,876 6,886 6,990 4,303 3,006 6. Devendrakula than 2 1 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or pano 4 4 4 8. Gosangi 4 4 2 9. Kudumban 108 56 52 34- 17 10. Kuravan, Sidhanar 5,583 2,869 2,714 1,861 1,278 11. Madari 18 18 IB 12. Madiga 28 13 15 13 13. Pagadai 52 24 28 18 17 14. Pallan 323 182 141 126 72 15. Pambada 7 4- 3 3 2 16. Panchama 266 103 163 4-3 94- 17. Panniandi 9 2 7 4 18. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 344,004- 171,749 172,255 110,170 80,693 19. Puthirai Vannan 352 196 156 93 58 20. Samban 738 156 582 143 . 390 21. Semman 15 9 6 5 6 22. Thati 6,212 3,117 3,095 2,046 1,209 23. Tiruvalluvar 3,035 1,200 1,835 812 686 24. Valluvan 12,185 6,234 5,951 3,661 2,413 25. Unclassified 32,033 15,970 16,063 \0,360 7,288 U8 AND NON - WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household Sl. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Famales Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 97,909 46,265 108,263 109,107 6,943 1,359 3,071 1,279 977 136 1. 45,937 22,001 44,525 44,619 3,063 497 667 235 375 83 2. 480 256 690 542 32 3 145 11 19 5 3. 4. 1,545 772 1,487 1,797 95 9 708 121 86 2 5. 6. 1 7. 2 8. 9 2 2 19 12 9. 485 194 298 218 225 116 744 644 13 16 10. 18 11. 4 2 7 12. 18 16 13. 17 60 53 4 8 7 14. 3 2 15. 41 94 16. 4 17. 42,531 19,836 54,633 54,879 2,589 438 417 105 372 16 18. 29 4 5 19 19. 179 143 141 20. 4 4 2 21. 633 223 160 277 712 236 105 74 18 4 22. 251 209 139 309 2 3 47 3 56 23. 1.537 648 1,424 1,618 37 5 63 3 30 5 24. 4,374 1,921 4,690 4,531 182 51 140 60 8 4 25. 119 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS A T WORK WORKERS VI VII -VIII 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Conlmunications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 1,026 331 505 402 470 13 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 313 6 193 194 153 13 3, Arunthathiyar 3 3 3 4 4. Baira 5. Chakkiliyan 3 25 15 30 6. Devendrakulathan 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 8. Gosangi 9. Kudumban 10. Kuravan, Sidhanar 4 32 49 3 11. Madari 12. ~Iadiga 13. Pagadai 14. Pallan 15. Pambada 16. Panchama 17. Panniandi 18. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 377 17 207 91 211 19. Puthirai Vannan 20. Samban 21. Semman 22. Thoti 267 306 10 5 2 23. Tiruvalluvar 16 10 15 24. Valluvan 14 15 22 24 25. Unclassified 28 19 13 27 120 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers Scavenging and skins SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 23,535 15,523 135,833 203,216 102 23 375 33 1. 12,297 8,670 59,984 89,312 7 115 2. 45 37 771 1,079 27 2 3. 43 4. 324 289 2,583 3,984 62 21 16 3 5. 6. 2 7. 2 8. 5 22 35 9. 57 40 1,008 1,436 3 1 10. 11. 15 12. 6 11 13. 36 12 56 69 3 4 14. 1 15. 60 69 16. 3 17. 8,833 5,311 61,579 91,562 5 182 10 18. 59 35 103 98 19. 70 13 192 7 20; 4 21. 139 84 1,071 1,886 18 8 22. 286 151 3SS 1,149 23. 517 112 2,573 3,538 2 24. 892 708 5,610 8,775 34 25. l21 ~6 seT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting As Cultivator At Household other than Household 81. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 55,755 36,931 52,019 43,724 4,682 2,583 10,396 3,403 3,912 656 63 17 36 9 4 1. 8,710 5,392 2,504 1,872 331 25 225 249 36 3 2. 341 164 115 68 2 5 4 2 3. 559 217 216 401 34 2 167 15 41 4. 5. 8,514 5,378 25,720 19,559 814 383 5,599 316 2,180 218 6. 9 9 7. 193 130 64 46 8. 208 128 19 15 25 3 9. 1,555 1,046 482 448 174 66 630 526 58 44 10. 14 15 2 11. 376 294 95 51 5 5 12. 472 365 48 10 2 9 13. 9 14. 4,294 2,906 4,190 3,801 221 34 250 110 119 84 15. 91 46 36 21 26 14 16. 3 14 7 11 17. 28,626 19,801 17,367 16,154 2,959 2,024- 3,235 2,087 1,253 280 18. 603 346 272 205 48 13 13 16 9 2 19. S!)3 431 197 414 36 13 38 17 60 11 20. 553 269 635 635 17 11 169 39 151 13 21. 12& 5CT 1 PARt A - iNDUStRIAL tLASSIFltA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 SALEM DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 1,330 444 917 503 394 20 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 18 2 24 22 15 3. Adi-Karnataka 4. Aruntha thiyar 2 8 2 5. Bakuda 6. Chakkiliyan 261 104 113 57 45 3 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 8. Ho1eya 9. Kudumban 1<1. Kuravan, Sidhanar 36 6 76 61 19 11. Madari 12. Madiga 2 13. Mala 4 14 Pagadai 15. Pallan 68 19 97 78 25 16. Pannadi 17. Panniandi 5 8 • 18. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 648 191 561 240 270 17 19. Thoti 260 117 4 9 20. Valluvan 18 16 9 17 21. Unclassified 19 3 9 14 124 ANO NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED tASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers and skins Scavenging SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31,468 28,902 93,428 130,620 779 87 467 199 9 5 56 132 6 2 1. 1,695 1,165 7,032 10,844 6 2. 16 28 245 441 3. 88 52 787 1,253 4. 3 4 5. 11,361 11,935 28,105 42,866 676 76 65 III 6. 2 7 8 7. 56 11 138 157 8. 2 78 146 9. 285 235 1,914 2,415 3 5 10. 12 2 7 25 1l. 53 42 315 469 2 12. 128 32 304 604 13. 87 95 46 43 14. 2,592 2,488 7,035 9,344 4 14 15. 64 119 121 283 16. 2 50 36 17. 13,158 11,594 42,831 55,458 76 7 356 58 18. 276 195 786 1,317 11 3 19. 855 377 1,482 2,055 20. 731 523 2,086 2,720 26 4 19 21. 12~ seT I PART A - lNoostRfAL CLASSlF1CA TI()N OF PERSONS AT WORK • No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 COIMBATORE DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 402,199 203,342 198,857 134,541 89,552 1. Adi-Andhra 612 311 301 222 164 2. Adi-Karnataka 329 182 147 137 53 3. Bakuda 22 13 9 13 4 4. Bandi 6 5 5. Chakkiliyan 277,415 140,1l7 137,298 93,125 .. 61,568 6. Cheruman 354 184 170 136 106 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 33 14 19 8. Holeya 897 442 455 299 64 9. Kuravan, Sidhanar 9,523 4,686 4,837 3,038 2,135 10. Madari 22,660 11,254 11,406 7,775 5,937 11. Madiga 485 234 251 143 58 12. Moger 11 11 13. Nayadi 45 15 30 15 14 14. Pagadai 2 2 15. Pallan 28,865 14,876 13,989 9,564 6,116 16. Panchama 17. Pannadi 6,102 3,113 2,989 1,971 1,291 18. Panniandi 135 74 61 38 21 19. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 35,923 18,023 17,900 11,140 7,902 20. Puthirai Vannan 43 12 31 5 4 21. Thoti 969 497 472 309 186 22. Valluvan 3,459 1,766 1,693 1,014 567 23. Unclassified 14,308 7,527 6,781 5,595 3,361 126 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household SI.No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 11,479 5,371 63,401 37,041 4,577 1,766 6,617 2,671 4,832 570 79 4 37 20 1. 99 32 23 9 2. 9 3 3. 4. 4,842 2,377 49,256 27,201 3,427 1,386 4,491 1,042 2,429 334 5. 39 11 6. 7. 278 46 8 12 2 8. 539 384 496 345 68 37 754 694 93 21 9. 191 85 3,488 2,123 455 128 435 222 162 29 10. 47 7 82 35 3 2 4 11. 12. 13. 14. 2,118 920 3,356 2,173 172 90 101 48 1,015 118 15. 16. 575 186 570 536 44 11 20 10 161 4 17. 4 2 3 10 3 18. 2,251 1,174 2,778 2,482 213 55 553 379 818 57 19. 20. 19 13 25 38 10 5 ·21. 92 35 136 208 24 6 60 64 115 3 22. 424 III 3,056 1,862 122 23 183 208 38 t 23. l27 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIn S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 COIMBATORE DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 896 522 515 210 373 8 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Karnataka 1 3. Bakuda 4. Dandi 5. Chakkiliyan 373 291 281 62 137 6 6. Cheruman 2 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 8. Holeya 9. Kuravan, Sidhanar 17 11 52 29 49 10. Madari 35 16 20 13 33 11. Madiga 12. Moger 13. Nayadi 14. Pagadai 15. Pallan 81 75 57 46 59 2 16. Panchama 17. Pannadi 43 2 13 13 9 18. Panniandi 19. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sarnbavar) 114 41 38 20 68 20. Puthirai Vannan 21. Thoti 200 67 22. Valluvan 16 2 44- 22 15 23. Unclassified 14 17 9 4 3 128 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X In Other Services Non-workel:'s Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging S1. No. and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 213 29 30 41,851 41,393 68,801 109,305 1,616 209 366 116 106 140 89 137 l. 13 12 4-5 94 2. 4 5 3 3. 5 4-. 27,889 28,869 46,992 75,730 1,468 39 257 99 5. 95 95 48 64 6. 13 19 7. 11 6 14-3 391 8. 970 614 1,64-8 2,702 5 76 50 5 9. 2,956 3,321 3,479 5,469 84- 74 22 7 10. 7 14 91 193 3 11. 11 12. 15 14 16 13. 14. 2,605 2,644- 5,312 7,873 9 2 15. 16. 536 529 1,142 1,698 17. 23 12 36 40 2 2 2 18. 'U07 3,694 6,883 ,998 18 6 24- 3 19. 4 4 7 27 20. 54 61 18B 286 2 21. 512 227 752 1,126 2 22. 1,746 1,132 1,932 3,420 33 2 7 23, 129 17 SCT I PART A -INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 NILGffiIS DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 39,598 20,010 19,588 11,308 10,016 1. Adi-Andhra 17 7 10 3 3 2. Adi-Karnataka 3,083 1,576 1,507 856 737 3. Bandi 23 18 5 18 4. Chakkiliyan 12,400 6,230 6,170 3,810 3,457 5. Cheruman 218 11S 100 83 43 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 3 3 7. Holeya 36 27 9 15 6 8. Kuravan, Sidhanar 116 56 60 29 31 9. Madiga 430 249 181 125 127 10. PaJlan 7,GIG 3,544 4.072 1,8G5 2,1991 11. Panchama 4 4 12. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 15,125 7,905 7,220 4,335 3,281 13. Thoti 232 125 !O7 70 44 14. Valluvan 120 57 63 36 31 15. Unclassified 175 95 80 63 51 130 AND NON -WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS ------" ._----- II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Cultivatur ,\s Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household SI. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activitics Malcs Females l\-Iales Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 321 200 2,538 2,537 5,644 5,709 22 2 269 30 3 3 1. 29 7 33 41 685 655 29 2 2. 3. 46 30 1,771 1,769 1,074 1,065 11 36 6 4' 4 3 6 5 24 17 5. 6. 7 2 8 4 7. 2 4 25 26 8. 51 58 20 25 10 9. !Ol 66 108 86 1,140 1,768 8 48 10. 11. 134 92 510 524 2,631 2,112 3 135 16 12. 9 10 24 14 10 5 13. 2 5 10 19 14. 6 36 37 15. 131 SCT PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIn Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 NILGIRIS DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 35 7 33 2 6S 7 1. Adi-Andhra .) 2. Adi -Kama taka :3 5 3. Bandi 4. Chakkiliyan 2 II 5. Cheruman 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 7. Holeya 8. Kuravan, Sidhanar 9. Madiga 10. Pallan 8 2 , 14 6 11. Panch am a 12. Paraiyan. Parayan (Sambavar) 3 19 2 34 13. Thoti 8 14. Valluvan 3 15. Unclassified 132 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS --- IX X In Other Services Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging Non-workers and skim S1. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 2,381 1,522 8,702 9,572 49 28 3 4 7 1. 70 31 720 770 2. 18 5 3. 855 586 2,420 2,713 39 28 3 4. 47 18 35 57 5. 3 6. 12 3 7. 2 27 29 8. 43 44 12+ 54 9. 431 269 1,679 1,873 10. 3 11. 860 531 3,570 3,939 7 12. 19 14 55 63 2 13. 15 9 21 32 14. 21 14 32 29 15. 133 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males I'cmulcs Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 MADURA] DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 414,147 .207,062 207,085 132,469 99,648 1. Adi-Dravida 10,137 5,200 4,937 3,213 2,216 2. Arunthathiyar 2,285 1,113 1,172 687 495 3. Chakkiliyan 78,386 39,222 39,164 25,162 18,056 4. Devendra Kulathan 90 32 8 82 8 5. Dorn, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 101 55 46 37 19 6. Kalladi 80 53 27 '27 7. KudUluban 23,274 12,082 11,192 10,395 8,842 8. Kuravan, Sidhanar 4,892 2,456 2,436 1,527 1,176 9. Madari 22,632 11,432 11,200 7,420 5,156 10. Madiga 7 7 11. Mala 8 7 12. Nayadi 14 14 13. Pagadai 928 556 372 495 291 14. Pallan 148,697 73,234 75,463 44,387 32,880 15. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sarnbavar) 96,706 48,410 18,296 30,998 24,528 16. Puthirai Van nan 1,238 630 608 411 :;14 17. Samban 6,998 3,538 3,460 2,422 1,867 18. Thoti 313 170 143 III 80 19. Tiruvalluvar 32 31 .:W. Valluvan 3,957 1,903 2,054 1,167 844 21. U nclass ified 13,372 6,874 6,498 3,928 2,876 134 AND NON - WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live In l\lanufacturing As Cultivator As Agricultural stock. Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Househuld SI. )Jo. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 40,754 23,063 51,462 46,605 5,761 2,734 5,437 1.493 2,851 457 713 410 1,421 1,127 lu6 108 123 35 liS 34 I. 65 23 297 233 60 39 20 22 27 2. 2,592 1,228 10,954· 9,187 1,320 585 2,690 267 i,27B 125 3. 20 6 57 5 2 4. 7 2 G 20 13 G 5. 27 6. 1,405 552 5,025 1,932 404 256 87 43 192 1B 7. 298 176 163 III 48 18 656 68<) 7G G2 8. 822 429 3,1 Hl 2,404 427 232 838 59 353 31 9. 10. 11. 12. 50 24 316 186 2 2 14 12 2 13. 23,832 14,260 12.295 11,812 1,755 847 150 4G 335 82 14. 8,952 4,969 14,522 13,660 1,063 362 571 203 351 GO 15. 23 18 11 20 16. 429 173 1.25fl 1.046 117 2 'iO 1;) 17. 19 23 18 13 41 20 8 4 18. 19. 406 247 355 469 14 11 19 6 21 2 20. 1,094 525 1.650 1,399 318 237 253 90 47 14 21. 135 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transpf'l't, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 MADURAI DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 615 92 625 381 409 5 1. Adi-Dravida 24 20 18 L. Arunthathiyar 7 4 3. ChakkiIiyan 59 4 53 11 98 3 4. Dcvendra Kulathan 5. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or pano 6. Kalladi 7. Kudumban 35 62 171 4 8. Kuravan, Sidhanar 6 4 10 7 21 9. Madari 7 2 30 4 23 10. Madiga 11. Mala 12. Nayadi 13. Pagadai 2 14. Pallan 275 46 211 147 154 15. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 174 14 141 31 78 16. Puthirai Vannan 17. Samban 3 3 2 3 18. Thoti II 12 19. Tiruvalluvar 20. Valluvan 3 41 6 21. Unclassified 16 3 17 5 3 136 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUl'.\TIO~S ---_--_ IX X In Other Services Tanning and Currying of hides Non-workers and skins Scavenging SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 24,555 24,818 74,593 107,437 767 75 451 30 610 501 1,987 2,721 125 18 21 1. 219 165 426 677 33 2 2. 6,118 6,646 14,060 21,108 269 14 14(; 10 3. 4. 18 27 5. 26 27 6_ 3,181 2,870 1,687 2,350 2 7_ 249 109 929 1,260 78 8 8_ 1,802 1,995 4,012 6,044 1O-} 29 45 6 9. 7 10_ 7 11. 14 12_ 99 77 61 81 8 13. 5,350 5,640 28,847 42,583 12 14_ 5,146 5,228 17,412 23,768 189 14 92 3 15. 375 275 219 294 Hi_ 562 595 1,116 1,593 16 18 17_ 12 6 59 63 :; }g- 31 19. 302 108 736 1,210 20. 530 603 2,946 3,622 29 2." 2 21. 137 18 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS A T WORK SJ. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 TIRUCHlRAPALLl DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 505,773 251,080 254,693 160,821 130,281 1. Adi-Andhra 26 12 14 9 9 2. Adi-Dravida 45,865 22,934 22,931 14,553 11,175 3. Arunthathiyar 4,845 2,472 2,373 1,543 998 4. Bakuda 4 4 2 5. Chakki1iyan 63,609 31,937 31,672 20,840 14,897 6. Devendra Kulathan 2,991 1,513 1,479 858 839 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or pano 85 29 56 6 2 8. Gosangi 4 4 9. Kadaiyan 21 7 14 U. Kudumban 9,152 4,402 4,750 2,847 2,729 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 5,730 2,879 2,851 1,894 1,474 12. Madari 3,676 1,856 1,820 1,189 816 13. Madiga 14 4 10 3 3 14. Mavilan 187 77 1I0 58 50 15. Nayadi 6 3 3 16. Pagadai 2,664 1,292 1,372 870 707 17. Pallan 156,002 77,240 78,762 49,536 41,321 18. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 185,097 91,391 93,706 57,932 48,632 19. Puthirai Vannan 795 396 399 251 206 20. Samban 5,675 2,863 2,812 2,187 1,437 21- Semman 12 7 5 4 3 22. Thod 2,927 1,435 1,492 934 552 23. Tiruvalluvar 20 3 17 7 24. Valluvan 5,577 2,674 2,903 1,561 1,273 25. Unclassified 10,788 5,646 5,142 3,741 3,1 5 t l3e AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural At Household As Cultivator stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting other than Household SI. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 ,12 13 14 15 16 76,322 52,310 49,562 55,379 3,050 1,265 9,078 2,258 3,453 257 9 9 1. 7,667 5,264 4,639 4,565 190 40 228 158 161 17 2. 576 383 418 359 14 7 371 18 30 3 3. 2 4. 3,866 2,536 7,714 8,052 297 196 5,209 446 1,525 63 5. 404 414 273 326 11 12 6. 2 2 3 7. 8. 9. 1,808 1,540 760 935 35 46 30 15 11 10. 464 290 113 84 136 71 828 824 91 23 11. 88 47 418 386 17 7 352 54 88 2 12. 2 3 13. 12 6 33 14. 15. 227 151 238 332 7 5 178 6 68 16. 27,127 16,881 14,813 17,479 805 223 417 242 500 36 17. 30,501 22,475 17,928 19,992 1,095 475 1,221 406 791 86 lB. 67 36 17 33 4 4 19. 1,185 588 417 521 40 8 29 6 20. 3 3 21. 239 121 B8 78 242 168 40 37 29 17 22. 5 2 23. 724 616 308 504 5 49 17 64 4 24. 1,359 954 1,406 1,720 116 15 125 28 78 5 25, 189 seT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFltAtlON OF PERSONS At WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII 81. No. Name of Scheduled Casle In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 722 118 494 117 589 41 1. ,\di-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 67 3 25 4 34- 3. Arunthathiyar 2 2 3 4. Bakuda 5. ChakkiJiyan 29 26 13 6 38 6. Devendra Kulathan 10 8 10 7. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 8. Gosangi 9. Kadaiyan 10, Kudumban 13 9 5 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 7 83 33 15 12. Madari 5 13. l'vlatliga 14. MaviJan 2 3 15. Nayadi 16, Pagadai 17. Pall an 197 15 121 27 211 2 18. Paraiyan, l'arayan (Sambavar) 176 5 148 9 228 38 19. Pulhir8i Van nan 5 20. Samban 4 3 21. Scn1man 22. Thoti 190 64 3 2 23. Tiruvalluvm ·24. Valluvan 9 11 5 11 25. U ncJassifled 12 2 31 27 20 140 ANO NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULEO CAStES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers and skins Scavenging SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 17,551 18,536 90,259 124,412 343 46 319 69 3 5 1. 1,542 1,124 8,381 11,756 17 2. 127 228 929 1,375 4 3. 2 4. 2,119 3,571 11,097 16,775 247 32 60 10 5. 130 97 655 640 6. 23 54 7. 4 8. 6 14 9. 176 191 1,555 2,021 10. 157 148 985 1,377 84 42 II. 220 319 667 1,004 20 12 2 12. 7 13. 10 41 19 60 14. 2 3 15. 150 213 422 665 5 4 16. 5,345 6,416 27,704 37,441 13 17. 5,844 5,146 33,459 45,074 57 83 5 18. 153 136 145 193 19. 508 313 676 1,375 4 20. 3 2 21. 101 66 501 940 37 10 22. 2 10 23. 380 127 1,113 1,630 4- 24. 586 400 1,905 1,991 4 15 25. 141 set i pART A iN~tJSTltIAL CLASSIFICATiON OF PERsoNs AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Person~ Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 THANJAVUR DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 699,371 349,701 349,670 228,350 172,543 1. Adi-Dravida 95,910 47,751 48,159 30,721 22,486 2. Arunthathiyar 841 420 421 282 142 3. Bandi 4 2 2 4. Chakkiliyan 4,212 2,126 2,086 1,342 1,032 5. Chamar or Muchi 2 6. Devendra Kulathan 1,264 627 637 446 366 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 67 38 29 9 5 8. Gosangi 19 11 8 11 2 9. Holeya 8 3 5 3 4 10. Kadaiyan 49 22 27 13 12 11. Koliyan 5,611 2,707 2,904 1,734 1,372 12. Kudumban 10,162 5,211 4,951 3,780 2,678 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 4,210 2,111 2,099 1,304 1,013 14. Madari 19 7 12 7 15' Pagadai 363 203 160 128 73 16. Pallan 203,574 101,610 101,964 66,532 51,923 17. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 245,880 122,672 123,208 78,933 59,923 18. Puthirai Vannan 320 173 147 129 80 19. Samagara 19 9 10 4 3 20. Samban 102,443 51,882 50,561 35,411 26,594 21. Semman 2 2 22. Thoti 1,373 692 681 469 311 23. Tiruvalluvar 115 88 27 81 4 24. Valluvan 10,375 5,102 5,273 3,032 1,673 25. Vettiyan 3,541 1,767 1,774 1,236 1,011 26. Unclassified 8,988 4,464 4,524 2,740 1,833 142 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household S1. No As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 61,174 31,147 137,215 128,688 5,766 115 2,915 2,424 1,278 409 10,053 4,903 17,628 16,419 561 64 233 101 45 10 1. 27 7 128 98 5 9 50 2 2. 3. 207 126 705 719 41 10 77 33 103 14 4. 5. 61 24 296 293 14 5 2 6. 5 2 2 3 7. 9 1 8. 2 2 2 9. 13 12 10. 773 545 718 692 34 3 28 54 7 11. 1,896 1,057 1,524 1,450 69 6 10 6 2 2 12. 58 39 153 III 78 25 603 620 93 76 13. 5 14. 38 16 77 46 5 2 1 15. 16,937 8,676 41,854 39,986 2,027 132 177 135 320 181 16. 20,273 10,034 49,062 45,357 1,891 282 1,387 1,292 232 64 17. 18 15 11 20 3 18. 2 19. 9.051 4,698 21,913 20,202 842 126 183 102 72 38 20. 21. 54 33 62 49 67 45 41 18 14 13 22. 31 2 2 40 23. 737 354 1,086 1,132 28 7 114 35 280 6 24. 172 106 868 866 48 6 7 6 3 25. 1,315 500 1,115 1,240 52 5 35 14 14 2 26, 149 SCT I PART A -INDUSTRIAL 'CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 THANJAVUR DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 494 112 588 152 444 6 1. Adi-Dravida 35 2 91 18 49 2. Arunthathiyar 19 14 2 3 3. Bandi 4. Chakkiliyan 6 4 7 5 12 5. Chamar or Muchi 6. Devendra Kulathan 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 8. Gosangi 9. Holeya 10. Kadaiyan 11. Koliyan 1 5 11 12. Kudumban 2 4' 10 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 6 76 51 18 14. Madari 15. Pagadai 16. PaUan 166 17 148 22 124 17. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 101 3 187 34 144 5 18. Puthirai Vannan 19. Samagara 3 20. Samban 70 12 32 8 40 21. Semman 22. Thoti 61 58 6 2 3 23. Tiruvalluvar 24. Valluvan 16 18 9 18 25. Vettiyan 2 26. U 11 classified 10 3 2 9 AND NON.WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X In Other Services Non-workers Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging SI. No. and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 17,876 8,890 121,351 177,127 21 1 244 105 2,026 969 17,030 25,673 1. 39 20 138 279 2. 3. 184 121 784 1,{)54 l3 15 II 4. 5. 69 47 181 271 6. 29 24 7. 1 6 8. 9. 9 15 10. 157 77 973 1,532 11. 263 157 1,431 2,273 12. 219 90 807 1,086 83 32 13. 2 11 2 14. 5 9 75 87 1 15. 4,729 2,773 35,078 50,041 13 3 16. 5,656 2,852 43,739 63,285 6 5 2 17. 96 45 44 67 18. 5 7 19. 3,208 1,408 16,471 23,967 5 2 20. 21. 161 93 223 370 115 55 22. 5 2 7 23 23. 735 130 2,070 3,600 2 24. 135 27 531 763 25. 187 69 1,724 2,691 2 26. 145 19 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 332,867 163,691 169,176 103,333 84,721 1. Adi-Dravida 10,305 4,890 5,415 3,226 2,935 2. Arunthathiyar 1,034 512 522 393 415 3. Chakkiliyan 32,017 15,850 16,167 9,980 8,123 4. Cheruman 28 12 16 11 9 5. Devendra Kulathan 1,647 718 929 458 473 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 6 5 2 7. Kadaiyan 1,226 598 628 346 23 B. Kudumban 79,588 39,053 40,535 22,764 16,773 9. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2,104 1,039 1,065 668 574 10. Pagadai 7,832 3,881 3,951 2,431 1,913 11. Pallan 132,130 65,312 66,818 42,677 36,746 12. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 50,243 24,647 25,596 15,679 13,230 13. Puthirai Vannan 1,155 562 593 405 322 14. Samban 5,353 2,725 2,628 1,735 1,170 15. Semman 35 11 24 8 3 16. Thoti 305 164 141 104 71 17. Tiruvalluvar 54 15 39 5 lB. Valluvan 335 163 172 114 81 19. Unclassified 7,470 3,538 3,932 2,332 1,853 1*6 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHE[)ULED CASTES -- RURAL WORKERS ------V I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household 81. No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied- activities Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males 15 16 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 427 2,237 1,645 813 58,810 41,702 25,152 29,439 2,781 3,296 9 3 1. 1,711 1,314 787 1,056 46 6 108 127 4 2. 12 8 145 256 90 38 36 350 67 434 355 82 3. 2,442 1,693 3,783 4,512 1,298 8 10 4. 2 5 5. 387 393 55 61 2 6 2 6. 328 23 7. 18 333 54 108 81 217 177 8. 17,577 11,426 2,685 3,179 12 371 27 12 9. 121 69 57 45 8 279 99 93 181 40 10. 410 241 967 1,067 14 290 1,010 278 331 225 26,965 20,377 10,877 12,976 177 482 11. 431 671 293 196 12. 7,208 4,962 4,618 5,050 71 539 43 14 29 25 3 2 13. 46 7 734 353 556 502 7 56 89 14. 3 5 15. 78 12 12 2 4 57 16. 5 17. 53 32 28 34 3 2 18. 34 1,112 808 563 663 17 82 25 126 18 19. 147 SCT I PART A -'- INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males ' Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 376 39 311 65 193 2 1. Adi-Dravida 47 10 7 7 2. Arunthathiyar 3. Chakkiliyan 29 2 17 61 4. Cheruman 5. Devendra Kulathan 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi Of pano 7. Kadaiyan 8. Kudumban 87 2 65 13 37 2 9. Kuravan, Sidhanar 4 8 2 10. Pagadai 8 12 II. Pallan 103 11 153 39 49 12. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 88 8 51 4 22 13. Puthirai Vannan 14. Samban 3 15. Semman 3 16. Thoti 17. Tiruvalluvar 18. Valluvan 2 2 19. Unclassified 8 5 2 1 2 148 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging SI.No. In Other Services Non-workers and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 21 28 29 30 10,169 9,997 60,358 84,455 19 I 361 58 504 419 1,664 2,480 3 1. 104 114 119 107 4 2. 1,645 1,333 5,870 8,044 16 1 179 24 3. 1 7 4. 7 12 260 456 5. 3 6. 252 605 7. 1,655 1,839 16,289 23,762 8. 158 69 371 491 74 24 9. 463 456 1,450 2,038 47 4 10. 2,707 2,663 22,635 30,072 2 11. 2,429 2,368 8,968 12,366 46 4 12. 329 279 157 271 13. 331 217 990 1,458 2 14. 3 21 15. 8 60 70 16. 14 34 17. 25 12 49 91 18. 403 316 1,206 2,079 3 3 2 19 149 sct I PART A -INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFiCATION OF PERSONS AT WORK 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 TlRUNELVELI DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 358,144 175,655 182,489 110,192 95,891 1. Adi-Dravida 33,975 15,799 18,176 9,672 9,601 2. Arunthathiyar 3,479 1,697 1,782 1,029 788 3. Bandi 1 1 4. Chakkiliyan 23,767 11,864 11,903 7,203 5,271 5. Cheruman 6 4- 2 2 6. Devendra Kulathan 5,621 2,709 2,912 1,688 1,459 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 25 11 14 6 8. Gosangi 34 4 30 22 9. Jaggali 7 2 5 2 10. Kadaiyan 241 115 126 80 63 11. Kudumban 107,222 53,240 53.982 34,175 28,539 12. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2,382 1,194 1,188 689 658 13. Madiga 9 6 3 6 14. Pagadai 5,613 2,791 2,822 1,739 1,330 15. Pallan 110,495 54,708 55,787 34,640 29,814 16. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 47,046 22,719 24,327 13,669 13,467 17. Pulayan or Cheramar 16 5 11 2 18. Puthirai Vannan 3,456 1,793 1,663 1,146 984 19. Samban 9,888 4,531 5,357 2,989 2,884 20. Semman 22 12 10 6 6 21. Thoti 38 16 22 5 10 22. TiruvaUuvar 231 114 117 50 62 23. Valluvan 1,174 553 621 315 219 24. Vannan 316 147 169 105 112 25. Unclassified 3,080 1,621 1,459 979 602 150 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural As Cultivator stock, Forestry, Fishing, Huntin3 At Household other than Household 51. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards an Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Male Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 49,lB9 33,501 30,631 40,641 4,131 l,l28 6,'11 ",801) 2,989 163 3,414 2,574- 3,175 3,929 455 52 235 671 137 37 1. 163 112 254- 406 69 10 232 54 66 5 2. 3. 786 559 1,825 2,788 515 181 2,230 456 463 81 4. 1 5. 751 531 492 738 97 22 31 20 215 80 6. 4 2 7. 22 8. 2 9. 7 1 2 4 1 26 M 2 10. 18,934- 12,283 9,144- 12,192 991 231 527 277 854- 203 11. 50 27 17 28 14- 3 456 571 17 8 12. 6 13. 238 177 475 658 118 53 357 88 III 15 14. 19,232 13,533 9,044 12,524 1,317 457 1,046 692 789 167 IS. 4,295 2,800 4,401 5,475 409 94- 658 1,632 256 103 16. 2 17. 81 18 19 21 10 4 8 6 7 3 18. 617 523 1,563 1,613 96 17 95 234- 57 51 19. 2 6 1 20. 2 1 2 2 7 21. 12 14 14 29 7 8 1 22. 133 48 22 57 6 2 12 27 7 3 23. 14- 7 24. 459 267 183 181 33 1 83 7 4- 25. SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL a..ASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 TlRUNELVELI DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 123 95 188 333 608 1'1 1. Adi-Dravida 100 6 96 159 78 2. Arunthathiyar 6 2 10 3. Bandi 4-, Chakkiliyan 26 2 20 4- 66 5. Cheruman 6. Devendra Kulathan 12 17 2 11 7. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 8. Gosangi 9. Jaggali 10. Kadaiyan 2 11. Kudurnban 177 21 220 40 186 12. Kuravan, Sidhanat 1 7 4- 3 13. Madiga 14. Pagadai 12 17 4- 2 9 3 15, Pallan 212 15 255 65 133 2 16. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sarnbavar) 124- 8 135 50 92 9 17. Pulayan or Cheramar 18. Puthirai Vannan 1 19, Samban 36 20 23 4- 16 20, Semman 1 21. Thoti 22, Tiruvalluvar 6 4- 3 1 23. Valluvan 2 3 2 24. Vannan 25. Unclassified 8 3 1 1.52 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers and skins Scavenging SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 15,110 14,614 65,463 86,592 191 15 758 103 1,982 2,172 6,127 8,575 2 4 l. 228 199 668 994 4 85 3 2. 3. 1,272 1,199 4,661 6,632 97 3 379 67 4. 2 2 5. 62 66 1,021 1,453 6. 10 8 7. 4- 8 8. 5 9. 39 5 35 63 10. 3,142 3,291 19,065 25,443 10 1 11. 124- 17 505 530 84 12. 3 13. 415 317 1,052 1,492 52 12 182 30 14. 2,612 2,359 20,068 25,973 5 15. 3,299 3,296 9,050 10,860 3 3 16. 3 11 1 17. 1,019 932 647 679 18. 486 422 1,542 2,473 32 19. 6 4 20. 11 12 21. 5 6 64 55 22. 131 79 238 402 23. 91 195 42 57 24. 202 149 642 857 5 25. 153 20 seT PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS A T WORK AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR ScHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household Sf. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1,863 538 2,513 2,767 408 236 413 853 284 111 16 81 34 14 19 1. 4 B 2 32 12 5 2. 2 15 8 3 6 4 3. 3 2 4. 16 5. 21 15 16 16 2 33 43 4 6. 7. 180 62 155 200 24 25 88 98 13 2 8. 9. 1 3 1 5 10. 1,407 432 1,959 2,263 242 193 98 426 90 30 11. 25 4 6 1 48 3 97 84 14 3 12. 4- 3 1 13. 12 3 104 85 7 2 2 12 11 IS 14. 11 35 II 6 II 20 106 46 15. 8 5 2 6 16. 16 2 10 18 7 3 10 25 7 17. 33 4- 3 2 2 4- 28 4- 18. 19. 81 ]0 63 13 4 1 20. 14- 5 6 16 14 21. 37 4 53 109 7 45 43 15 6 22, 156 SeT I pART A - INDUs1iuAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 KANYAKUMARl DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 62 3 152 136 119 1. Ayyanavar 2 2. Bharatar 22 14 3. Chakkiliyan 3 2 4. Kakkalan 5. Kavara 6. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2 3 7. Mannan 8. Pallan 9 12 9. Palluvan 10. Panan 11. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 20 3 35 55 84 12. Paravan 31 58 57 4 13. Pathiyan 14. Pulayan or Cheramar 15. Thandan 2 16. Uraly 17. Valluvan 3 14 1 3 18. Vannan 19. Velan 20. Vetan 3 3 21. Vettuvan 22. Unclassified 3 3 3 5 156 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - RURAL WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers and skins Scavenging 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3,894 2,430 7,496 10,646 1 84 64 56 19 163, 224 1 1. 21 8 104- 220 2. 85 61 118 168 1 67 54 3. 2 4 3 4 4. 34 2 34 68 5. 23 9 103 88 6. 6 9 7. 229 137 495 745 1 8. 1 9. 3 14 23 10. 2,353 1,578 4,677 6,103 14 8 11. 98 24 351 521 12. 10 12 13. 86 39 209 276 14. 167 102 165 352 15. 65 38 95 164 16. 38 6 98 177 17. 553 390 462 679 18. 8 19. 6 3 159 255 1 20. 3 22 57 21. 72 9 208 492 1 22. 157 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSifiCATION Of PERSONS At WORK: SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 MADRAS STATE-URBAN TOTAL 925,840 470,444 455,396 256,541 129,464 1. Adi-Andhra 10,771 5,655 5,116 3,033 1,152 2. Adi-Dravida 362,247 184,526 177,721 94,743 35,637 3. Adi-Karnataka 7,490 3,795 3,695 2,061 1,646 4. Arunthathiyar 42,694 21,995 20,699 12,144- 5,377 5. Baira 2 2 6. Bakuda 17 9 8 8 1 7. Bandi 8. Bharatar 59 31 28 7 9. Chakkiliyan 84,885 42,058 42,827 23,950 13,237 10. Chalavadi 11. Chamar or Muchi 10 7 3 2 12. Chandala 2 13. Cheruman 1,086 579 507 409 135 14. Devendra Kulathan 4,344- 1,670 2,674 558 695 15. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 1,230 574 656 241 141 16. Domban 26 20 6 9 17. Godda 8 4 4 3 2 18. Holeya 90 43 47 28 12 19. Jambuvulu 10 8 2 2 20. Kadaiyan 208 III 97 84 57 21. Kakkalan 7 6 22. Kalladi 37 22 15 8 23. Kanakkan or Padanna 96 38 58 22 38 24. Kavara 93 31 62 18 8 25. Koliyan 69 31 38 22 13 26. Kootan (Koodan) 49 23 26 27. Kudumban 12,957 6,206 6,751 3,364 2,429 28. Kuravan, Sidhanar 18,637 9,227 9,410 5,132 3,532 29. Madari 10,921 5,491 5,430 3,218 2,148 158 AND NON· WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household St No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 20,138 10,603 31,046 35,952 20,522 16,110 6,619 4,614 39,312 5,898 41 23 8 6 273 9 1. 5,064 2,462 8,459 8,666 5,427 4,380 B09 779 IB,581 1,945 2. 19 5 37 49 1,542 1,399 41 13 78 7 3. 220 78 1,668 1,573 688 514 1,157 161 3,213 366 4. 5. 6. 7. 4- 8. 347 200 4,104 2,567 1,773 1,000 1,217 91 3,759 512 9. 10. 1 11. 12. 67 6 190 100 2 5 67 13. 34 11 131 188 48 253 54 10 136 96 14. 6 4 4 13 4 44 20 57 21 15. 9 16. 3 2 17. 12 10 5 3 18. 19. 53 51 12 3 20. 21. 1 22. 20 23. g 5 2 24. 4 9 8 25. 26. 303 147 390 297 714 799 35 25 339 134 27. B3 66 74- 40 206 99 1,438 1,712 501 246 28. 14 H 531 386 561 454- 76 8 283 60 29. 159 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 MADRAS STATE-URBAN TOTAL 8,086 3,136 11,193 3,459 20,967 893 1. Adi-Andhra 30 7 72 12 315 28 2. Adi-Dravida S,772 1,222 5,369 1,373 11,928 419 3. Adi-Karnataka 9 13 22 3 23 4. Arunthathiyar 362 266 236 108 747 26 5. Baira 6. Bakuda 5 2 7. Bandi 8. Bharatar 2 9. Chakkiliyan 346 299 466 162 1,494- 142 10. Chalavadi 11. Chamar or Muchi 12. Chandala 1 13. Cheruman 2 12 13 8 14. Devendra Kulathan 16 1 20 8 29 5 15. Dom,-Dombara, Paidi or Pano 3 8 42 18 16. Domban 17. Godda 18. Holeya 19. Jambuvulu 20. Kadaiyan 2 21. Kakkalan 22. Kalladi 2 1 3 23. Kanakkan or Padanna 24. Kavara 3 S 25. Koliyan 3 26. Kootan (Koodan) 27. Kudumban 43 24 110 36 178 24- 28. Kuravan. Sidhanar 105 58 297 262 275 4- 29, Madari 51 29 80 27 149 26 160 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED . CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X In Other Services Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging Non-work~rs and skins SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24- 25 26 27 28 29 30 92,598 48.799 213,903 325,932 5,468 1,048 11,633 6,601 2,293 1,067 2,622 3,964 3 1,315 829 1. 35,334 14,391 89,783 142,084 3,256 623 1,621 614 2. 290 157 1,734 2,049 3. 3,853 2,285 9,851 15,322 615 27 1,178 547 4. 2 5. 7 6. 7. 24- 28 8. .10,444 8,264 18,108 29,590 513 38 3,005 2,021 9. 10. ~ ~ 5 3 11. 12. 60 10 170 372 2 2 13. 90 123 1,112 1,979 14. 64 73 333 515 23 46 15. 11 6 16. 2 17. 8 2 15 35 )8. 6 2 19. 14 2 27 40 20. 5 21. 14 14 22. 37 16 20 13 23. 6 3 13 54 24. 5 3 9 25 25. 23 26 26. 1,252 943 2,842 4,322 2 27. 2,153 1,045 ,4,095 '.5,878 43 28 1,051 695 28. 1,473 1.,147 2,273 3,282 26 3 149 77 29. 161 21 seT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS A T WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 S 4 5 6 MADRAS STATE - URBAN 30. Madiga 444 227 217 157 77 3l. Maila 1 32. Mala 70 52 18 32 3 33. Mavilan 9 4 5 34. Moger 2 2 2 35. Mundala 4- 4- 36. Nalakeyava 2 2 2 37. Nayadi 16 6 10 2 38. Pagadai 1,564 788 776 398 174 39. Pallan 120,287 61,453 58,834 36,748 26,514 40. Pambada 4 1 3 1 41. Panan 130 62 68 45 7 42. Panchama 7 2 5 43. Pannadi 3,822 1,938 1,884 1,015 431 44. Panniandi 361 185 176 84 49 45. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 155,207 79,550 75,657 44,636 28,142 46. Paravan 121 78 43 69 2 4;7. Pulayan or Cheramar 26 5 21 2 4 48. Puthirai Vannan 1,675 810 865 539 385 49. Samban 5,605 2,843 2,762 1,777 81t 50. Semman 8S" 33 55 18 51. Thandan 68 28 40 13 52. Thoti 11,935 5,906 6,029 3,325 1,675 ,53. Tiruvalluvar 2,502 1,543 959 961 151 54. Uraly 1 1 55. Valluvan 9,495 4,720 4,775 2,526 694 56. Vannan lool 457 444- 235 167 57. Vetan 26 15 is 3 .')8, U Ilclas~ified 53,418 27,575 25,843 14,886 3/909 'O~ ANi> NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR seHEDULJtb CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing M AgriCQltural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunti1 At Household other than Household SI.No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards an Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females M. Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 4 3 5 30. 31. 32. 33. 2 34. 35. 2 36. 37. 11 20 18 2 10 45 31 38. 8,931 5,236 10,914 12,140 2,843 1,699 452 410 3,397 695 39. 40. 39 41. .. - 42 • 11 11 192 163 16 6 2 444 96 43. 5 6 5 44. 4,378 2,149 9,155 9,087 5,352 4,625 622 976 4,568 1,217 45. .. , 60 46 . 3 47. 8 5 7 I 4 2 48. 125 18 249 166 81 14 21 16 109 17 49. 15 50, ... 4- 51. 66 31 42 22 132 107 71 43 344 178 52. 28 9 4 2 49 10 15 177 9 53. 54. 64 12 169 158 94- 81 36 35 487 78 55. 3 56. 57. 415 140 822 404- 701 529 495 236 2,296 173 58. 163 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CI:..ASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI vn· VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction '. In Trade' and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications , Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 \ 19'11 20 21 22 MADRAS STATE - URBAN 30. Madiga 3 15 3l. Maila 32. Mala ... .. 12 33. MaviJan 34 .. Moger 35. Mundala 36, Nalakeyava 37. Nayadi 38. Pagadai 10 11 . 7 80 6 39. Pallan 643 236 61·7 359· 970 71 40. Pambada 41.. Panan 3 2 42. Panchama 43. Pannadi 9 ~, 21 14 14 1 44. Panniandi 3 45. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 1,304 490. 1,5ti 1 767· 2,271 67 46. Paravan . .1 3 47. Pulayan or Cheramar 1 ..... ",' 48. Puthirai Vannan 3 2 2 49. Samban 60 27 22 3 52 6 50. S.,minan 1 51. Thandan ...•. - 52. Thoti 716 341 24 13 88 8 53. Tiruvalluvar 17 l' 33 10 31 54. Uraly 55. Valluvan 109 '. 12 210 51 158 3 56. Vannan 6 57,. Vetan 58. Unclassified 466 95 1,976 231 2,061 37 164 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X In Other Services Non-workers Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging S1. No. and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 130 72 70 140 100 67 30. 31. 20 3 20 15 5 3 32. 4 5 33. 34. 4 35. 36. 4 10 37. 216 102 390 602 161 57 38. 7,981 5,668 24,705 32,320 88 26 162 174 39. 1 3 40. 3 4 17 61 41. 5 42. 306 136 923 1,453 30 43. 70 41 101 127 25 44. 15,425 8,764 34,914 47,515 641 48 1,258 531 45. 4 2 9 41 46. 3 17 47. 517 370 271 480 27 48. 1,042 547 1,066 1,948 2 112 20 49. 1 15 54 50. S 15 40 51. 1,842 932 2,581 4,354 10 8 822 378 52. 607 110 582 808 1 48 2 53. 54. 1,199 264 2,194 4,081 23 51 6 55. 226 166 222 277 94 56. 3 12 13 2 57. 5,654 2,064 12,689 21,934 243 245 513 395 58, 165 seT I pART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 MADRAS DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 214,103 110,588 103,515 57,054 8,179 1. Adi-Andhra 9,621 5,039 4,582 2,756 998 2. Adi-Dravida 146,543 76,115 70,428 37,770 4,631 3. Adi-Karnataka 2 4. Arunthathiyar 3,995 165 1,830 1,297 87 5. Bakuda 2 2 6. Chakkiliyan 2,330 1,100 1,230 632 125 7. Chamar or Muchi 7 4 3 8. Cheruman 9. Devendra Kulathan 12 10 2 2 10. Dom, Dombara, I Paidi or Pano 112 54 58 21 15 11. Holeya 7 5 2 12. Kalladi 2 2 13. Kudumban 206 73 133 55 2 14. Kuravan, .Sidhanar 1,919 824 1,095 465 269 15. Madari 7 7 2 16. Madiga 427 222 205 152 76 17. Mala 70 52 18 32 3 18. Mavilan 19. Mundala 4 4 20. Nayadi 3 3 21. Pallan 380 216 164 90 9 22. Pambada 23. Panchama 2 2 24. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 10,485 5,549 4,936 2,960 495 25. Puthirai Vannan 79 25 54 7 8 26. Samban 6 6 2 27. Thoti 2,676 1,254 1,422 743 217 28. Tiruvalluvar 145 58 87 33 8 29. Valluvan 630 311 319 185 18 30. Unclassified 34,428 17,505 16,923 9,851 1,2J2 166 AND NON.WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household SI. No, As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 2 10 4 330 41 949 252 11,126 428 7 8 6 226 8 I. 1 255 :15 81 39 7,565 236 2. 3. 503 5 605 J6 4. 5. 95 7 291 6 6. 7. 8. 9. 2 10. 11. 12. 12 13. 82 175 68 3 14. 15. 4- 3 5 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 6 10 21., 22. 23. 9 2 16 10 11 409 58 24. 25. 26. 3 101 39 27. 20 2B. 3 59 29. 1 - '2 42 4- 156 16 1,753 61 30. l~7 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VlI VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17. 18 19 20 21 22- MADRAS DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 2,537 742 5,594 702 11,268 275 1. Adi-Andhra 29 7 67 12 254 25 2. Adi-Dravida 1,793 525 3,453 442 8,145 185 3. Adi-Karnataka 4. Arunthathiyar 10 15 16 32 5. Bakuda 6. Chakkiliyan 33 19 2 3 21 4 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 9. Devendra Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 11 13 11. Holeya 12. Kalladi 13. Kudumban 34 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 14 18 13 42 55 15. Madari 16. Madiga 3 15 17. Mala 12 18. Mavilan 19. Mundala 20. Nayadi 21. Pallan 21 13 22. Pambada 23. Panchama ... 24. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 167 81 257 46 809 5 25. Puthirai Vannan 26. Samban 2 27. Thoti 134 .42 10 3 14- 8 28. Tiruvalluvar 4 29. Valluvan 10 9 5 19 1 30. Unclassified 343 49 1,743 129 1,834 33 168 AND NON.WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X In Other Services Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging Sl. No. Non-worker~ and skins Males Females ~J 25,238 5,735 53,534 95,336 34 2,364 1,256 2,165 939 2,283 3,584 3 1,194 708 L 16,476 3;179 38,345 65,797 12 330 197 2. 3. 131 50 8~8 1,743 84 27 4. 5. 190 85 468 i ,105 14 112 48 6. 3 .,3 7. 8. 10 9. 8 2 33 43 3 10. 4 2 11. 2 12. 7 2 18 131 13. 233 31 359 826 69 14. 2 5 15. 125 71 70 129 95 66 16. 20 3 20 15 5 3 17. 1 18. 4- 19. 3 20. 40 9 126 • 155 ... 21. 22. 2 23. 1,282 292 2,589 4,441 2 16 7 24. 7 8 18 46 25. 4- 26. 480 125 511 1,205 115 32 27. 9 7 25 79 28. 84 11 126 SOl. 46 29. 3,~79 918 7,654 15,711 2 293 168 30. 169 22 seT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 62,489 32,435 30,054 11,485 6,341 I. Adi-Andhra 958 493 465 224- 131 2. Adi-Dravida 49,920 25,899 24,021 13,671 4,775 3. Arunthathiyar 545 279 266 137 60 4. Chakkiliyan 1,30'3 695 613 397 121 5. Chalavadi 1 6. Cheruman 6 6 7. Devendra Kulathan 9 9 1 8. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or pano 22 20 2 6 2 9. Kadaiyan 4- 4 4 10. Kudumban 8 4 4 4 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 545 280 265 151 70 12. Madari 7 7 7 13. Pallan 667 329 338 180 99 14. Panchama 1 15. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 3,951 2,006 1,945 1,117 468 16. Samban 72 72 72 17. Thoti 1,386 713 673 425 254 18. Tiruvalluvar 35 32 3 18 2 19. Valluvan 453 235 218 114 10 20. Unclassified 2,591 1,351 1,240 957 349 17Q AND NON -WORK.£aS BY S£.X FOA SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting As Cultivator At Household other than Household SI. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1,933 576 2,600 1,961 897 392 355 207 3,633 564 45 1. 1,657 488 1,935 1,614- 697 313 39 13 2,868 416 2. IS 9 21 7 2 31 33 3 3. 7 12 13 26 205 17 4. 5. 6. 7. 5 2 8. 4- 9. 2 10. 10 2 3 3 15 3 35 28 13 11. 5 12. 7 3 60 74- 7 39 11 13. 14. 123 41 274 227 91 29 2 188 2 15. 64 16. 21 5 56 41 22 7 50 24 17. 18. 5 64 19. 92 37 307 8 18 2 195 156 53 91 20. 171 seT I PART A - INDustRIAL CLASSIFICA fION OF PERSONS· AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In ,Trade 'and 'Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females 'Males Females 17 . IS 19 20 21 22 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 862 283 457 143 1,021 12 1. Adi-Andhra 5 51 3 2. Adi-Dravida 654 175 362 96 775 7 3. Arunthathiyar 3 3 10 4. Chakkiliyan 3 3 15 26 5. Chalavadi 6. Cheruman 7. Devendra Kulathan S. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 9, Kadaiyan 10. Kudumban 2 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2 'S 6 4 12. Madari 13. PaHan 4 4 2 9 1 14. Panchama 15. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 42 7 47 11 76 16. Samban 7 17. Thoti 105 73 2 15 18. TiruvaHuvar 19. Valluvan 3 3 3 7 20. Unclassified 48 23 21 6 40 172 AND NON~WORK£RS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging SI.No. In Other Services Non-workers and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 5,727 2,203 14,950 23,113 849 629 500 314 122 128 269 334 116 121 1. 4,684 1,653 12,228 19,246 477 369 175 47 2. 32 28 142 206 46 13 14 3. 114 73 298 492 62 86 68 4. 5. 6 6. 8 7. 14- 1 8. 9. 4- 10. 61 28 129 195 19 14 32 17 11. 2 12. 50 7 149 239 20 13. 14. 275 149 889 1,477 19 2 12 15. 16. 154 103 288 419 63 22 17. 17 2 14- 1 1 18. 32 6 121 208 5 19. 183 26 394- 891 200 243 11 13 20. 178 seT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIfICATION Of PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 78,640 39,398 39,242 19,631 9,961 1. Adi-Andhra 40 25 15 16 2. Adi-Dravida 63,997 31,436 32,561 15,705 8,149 3. Arun thathiyar 4,437 2,470 1,967 1,429 481 4. Chakkiliyan 1,544- 634- 910 309 250 5. Chamar or Muchi 6. Cheruman 15 8 7 6 7. Devendra Kulathan 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or pano 74 42 32 18 5 9. Jambuvulu 10 8 2 2 10. Kudumban 7 5 2 2 1 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 1,504 747 757 491 393 12. Madari 4 2 2 13. Madiga 12 5 7 5 14. Mavilan 2 2 15. PaHan 56 27 29 17 6 16. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 1,105 538 567 316 173 17. Puthirai Vannan 50 18 32 12 17 18. Thoti 2,100 1,058 1,042 546 217 19. Tiruvalluvar 350 186 164 114 8 20. Valluvan 772 391 381 167 69 21. Unclassified 2,559 1,795 764- 475 190 ·1,74 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household No. As Cultivator SI. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1,255 449 1,959 2,964 401 204 740 564 6,106 644 1. 1,103 415 1,725 2,699 285 136 181 241 5,165 532 2. 51 10 137 il7 41 27 151 49 525 39 3. 2 2 93 60 4. 5. 6. 7. 3 4 3 5 5 8. 9. 10. 8 2 13 7 44 22 235 236 45 23 11. 12. 13. 14. 3 2 10 15. 60 9 39 98 3 2 47 4 16 2 3 17. 3 5 6 6 7 6 78 37 18. 4 2 40 4 19. 10 2 25 25 2 12 49 3 20. 14 1- 4 6 15 11 69 18 85 2 21. 175 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS . VI VII VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 702 267 942 467 1,653 151 1. Adi-Andhra 10 2. Adi-Dravida 472 198 778 362 1,438 140 3. Arunthathiyar 4 6 50 30 59 3 4. Chakkiliyan 2 9 6 6 5. Chamar or Muchi 6. Cheruman 5 7. Devendra Kulathan 8. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 9. Jambuvulu 10. Kudumban 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 33 19 36 53 26 12. Madari 13. Madiga 14. Mavilan 15. Pallan 2 16. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 12 8 3 39 1 17. Puthirai Vannan 18. Thoti 150 34 7 17 19. Tiruvalluvar 7 2 6 20. Valluvan 11 7 19 21. Unclassified 19 8 34 16 30 176 AND NON-WORK.ERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging In Other Services Non-workers and skins SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 5,873 4.251 19,767 29,281 2.744 239 600 329 6 9 15 5 4,558 3,426 15,731 24,412 2,596 226 137 50 2. 411 200 1,041 1,486 93 11 183 98 3. 136 237 325 660 4 18 73 4. 5. 1 2 6 6. 7. 24 27 8. 1 6 2 9. 2 3 10. 51 SO 256 364 24 19 II. 2 2 12. 5 1 6 5 13. 2 14. 2 4 10 23 IS. 106 57 222 394 26 2 6 16. 10 14 6 15 17. 277 128 512 825 164 26 18. 57 72 156 19. 44 27 224 312 20. 205 125 1,320 574 25 57 61 21. ,77 23 seT PART A -INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION· OF PERSONS AT WORK SI, No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total ,,yorkers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 45,518 22,848 .22,670 12,717 7,183 1. Adi·Dravida 21,903 11,032 10,B71 6,231 3,72!j 2. Arunthathiyar 1,277 663 614 373 131 3. Chakkiliyan 1,712 845 867 508 21-0 4. Holeya 32 21 11 11 5. Kuravan, Sidhanar 813 412 401 252 118 6. Pallan 16 4 12 3 7. Panniandi 8. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 16,712 8,529 8,183 4,716 2,671 9. Puthirai Vannan 46 28 18 17 10. Thoti 265 87 178 53 13 11. Tiruvalluvar 20 13 7 12. Valluvan 1,308 677 631 365 106 13. Unclassified 1,413 537 876 189 123 178 ANi> NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry other than Household Sl. No. allied activities Industry Malp.s Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 3 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1.001 361 4,018 3,592 534 198 288 48 1,100 130 437 287 1,700 1,651 226 86 83 II 391 43 1. 22 5 32 110 116 1 159 37 2. 18 2 91 73 15 30 7 121 21 3. 5 5 4. 11 10 56 40 26 26 13 9 5. 6. 7. 482 ·63 2,079 1,668 176 67 27 2 354 18 3. 9. 4 7 17 3 10. 11. 30 4 66 79 18 1 48 2 12. 27 25 5 1 13 13. 179 seT I PARt A - INDUstRIAL CLASSlflCA rlON OF PERSONS Ar WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 226 56 276 114 770 7 1. Adi-Dravida 112 15 142 60 491 5 2. Arunthathiyar 8 5 10 3. Chakkiliyan 4 5 47 2 4. Holeya 5. Kuravan, Sidhanar 3 8 6 19 6. Pallan 7. Panniandi 8. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 71 38 30 151 9. Puthirai Vannan 10. Thoti 6 3 2 11. Tiruvalluvar ... 12. Valluvan 27 6 3 10 13. Unclassified 7 70 5 180 AND NON· WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCtJEDULED CAstES - URSAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X In Other Services Tanning and Cu~ing of hides Non-workers and skms Scavenging 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 4.584 1,87'1 10,131 15,487 187 4 590 137 2,6+9 1,568 4,801 7,145 10 337 29 1. 25 22 290 433 112 2 2. 182 129 337 627 62 4 132 76 3. 1 10 11 4. 115 26 160 283 20 6 5. 3 3 9 3 6. I 7. 1,338 789 3,813 5,512 93 8 8. 17 1 11 17 9. 17 6 34 165 5 10. 1 12 6 11. 159 16 312 525 -- 1 1 12. 1 116 348 753 8 13 13. 181 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS At 'WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 li 6 SALEM DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 50,397 25,466 24,931 13,720 8,211 1. Adi-Dravida 14,7!:>9 7,363 7,396 3,604 2,296 2. Arunthathiyar 6,027 3,021 3,006 1,730 995 3. Chakkiliyan 5,503 2,816 2,687 1,792 1,103 4. Cheruman 5. Devendra Kula than 178 74 104 64 6 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano ,,0 '2 4 2 7. Holeya 4 3 8. Kalladi 5 3 2 9. Kudumban 54 30 24 20 10. Kuravan,. Sidhanar 614 342 272 181 77 11. Madari 46 20 26 17 8 12. Mavilan 13. Moger 2 2 2 14. Pallan 4,046 2,092 1,954 1,257 957 15. Pannadi 16 10 6 6 3 16. Panniandi 82 41 41 20 5 17. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 16,336 8,202 8,134 4,320 2,479 18. Puthirai Vannan 50 33 17 23 8 19. Thoti 477 253 224 160 86 31 6 20. Tiruvalluvar 122 63 59 21. Valluvan 325 170 155 74 9 417 169 22. Unclassified 1,743 929 814 182 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS II III IV V In Mining, Ql,larrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household Sl. No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantatic>I1s, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities - Males -Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 782 394 1,499 929 274 134 872 335 2,452 802 226 114 143 93 83 45 - 174 83 709 313 1. 55 34 230 145 32 25 155 70 503 82 2. 49 36 476 243 8 5 282 4 146 9 3. 4. 3 52 5 5. 6. 7. 8. 5 9. 8 2 2 2 47 32 27 10 10. 8 5 11. , ... )2. 2 13. 113 95 -- 310 265 16 5 49 46 50 11 14. 15. 16. 155 63 279 162 122 51 83 86 968 373 17. 18. Il 5 5 2 8 5 8 19. 20. 3 2 20 2 21. 159 43 47 18 3 19 3 15 22. 183 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII SI.No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction 1ft Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 SALEM DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 466 252 691 606 612 38 1. Adi-Dravida 132 48 192 125 187 26 2. Arunthathiyar 49 54 46 18 62 3. Chakkiliyan 13 7 9 4- 23 3 4. Cheruman 5. Devendra Kulathan 9 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 2 7. Holeya 8. Kalladi 9. Kudumban 2 5 10. Kuravan, Sidhanar 13 33 9 3 11. Madari 12. Mavilan 13. Moger 14. Pallan 20 23 19 II 28 15. Pannadi 16. Panniandi 1 17. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 117 57 3fiO 431 286 7 18. puthirai Vannan 19. Thoti 109 59 1 20. Tiruvalluvar 2 2 2 21. Valluvan 2 4- 3 22, Unclassified 5 S 12 8 16 2 lei AND NON.WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX x Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers and skins Scavenging SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 6,072 4,721 11,746 16,720 268 547 427 1,758 1,449 3,759 5,100 38 162 109 I. 598 567 1,291 2,01l 11O 139 133 2. 786 792 1,024 1,584 2 III 101 3. 4. 10 98 5. 4 6. 2 7. 2 2 8. 7 10 23 9. 46 23 161 195 10. 4 7 3 18 11. 12. 13. 652 501 835 997 30 24 14. 6 3 4 3 15. 18 5 21 36 16. 1,950 1,249 3,882 5,655 118 104 55 17. 22 8 10. 9 18. 20 14 93 138 4 19. 24 6 32 53 20. 40 4 96 146 21. 141 91 512 645 22. 185 24: seT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 COIMBATORE DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 130,793 66,323 64,470 36,819 23,240 1. Adi-Andhra 134 85 49 34 22 2. Adi-Dravida 15,620 8,009 7,611 4,214 3,089 3. Adi-Karnataka 523 274 249 152 33 4. Arunthathiyar 15,031 7,610 7,421 4,081 2,142 5. Chakkiliyan 38,380 19,208 19,172 11,252 6,620 6. Cheruman 196 99 97 91 25 7. Devendra Kulathan 2,476 952 1,524 368 375 8. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 356 172 184 77 36 9. Godda 8 4 4 3 2 10. Kudumban 2,776 1,487 1,289 941 764 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2,234 1,174 1,060 647 427 12. Madari 6,894- 3,457 3,437 2,029 1,407 13. Madiga 5 5 14. Mavilan 5 2 3 15. Nayadi 4 4 16. Pagadai 3 3 17. Pallan 16,176 8,468 7,708 4,423 2,468 18. Pannadi 3,806 1,928 1,878 1,009 428 19. Panniandi 278 144 134 64 44 20. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 17,897 9,120 8,777 4,951 4,209 21. Puthirai Vannan 74 44 30 33 10 22. 8amban 48 39 9 17 23. Thoti 559 260 299 149 137 24. Tiruvalluvar 530 343 187 275 34- 25. Valluvan 2,265 1,103 1,162 557 170 26, Unclassified 4,515 2,338 2,177 1,452 798 leO AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV v In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household SI. No, As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 330 155 5,106 3,352 10,213 9,354 635 312 6,001 1,131 34 22 1. 24 2 121 27 2,176 2,153 6 9 516 49 2. 34 64 7 3. 13 3 1,071 873 356 267 16 633 71 4. 110 75 2,313 1,255 1,387 859 249 28 1,412 313 5. 50 2 21 21 6. 30 11 128 188 4 123 89 7. 30 8 8. 3 2 9. 13 3 13 548 583 18 2 89 26 10. 5 8 4 7 4 228 205 109 57 11. 3 6 429 321 498 442 11 6 121 29 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 92 31 407 299 1,368 1,221 17 21 1,605 250 17. 11 11 192 163 16 6 2 444 96 18. 5 6 4 19. 4 3 160 93 3,240 3,279 26 8 386 74 20. 21. 16 22. 5 4 I 16 33 22 23. 25 10 36 24. 2 11 16 6 9 9 6 108 27 25. 7 10 203 109 519 467 12 7 288 12 26. 187 seT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSlFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI ViI VIII S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 COIMBATORE DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 928 586 728 302 1,399 105 1. Adi-Andhra --- 2. Adi-Dravida 44 21 53 5 149 2 3. Adi-Karnataka 11 6 2 6 4_ Arunthathiyar 274 174 91 25 290 11 5. Chakkiliyan 200 176 250 52 589 60 6. Cheruman 7_ Devendra Kulathan 15 11 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 28 5 9, Godda 10. Kudumban 13 12 5 11_ Kuravan, Sidhanar 9 8 35 70 26 12. Madari 41 25 35 4 73 16 13. Madiga 14. Mavilan 15. Nayadi 16. Pagadai 17. Pallan 92 25 66 63 90 7 18. Pannadi 9 3 21 14 14 1 19. Panniandi 2 20. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 121 63 85 22 55 3 21. Puthirai Vannan 22_ Samban 23. Thoti 82 67 4 7 24. Tiruvalluvar 3 25. Valluvan 32 6 50 20 36 26. Unclassified 7 5 23 8 13 188 AND NON.WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X In Other Services Non-wo~kers Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging -. SI. No. and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11,479 7,943 29,504 41,230 371 2S 1,337 963 51 27 1. 1,125 821 3,795 4,522 1 221 63 2. 42 12 122 -216 3. 1,337 717 3,529 5,279 18 124 184 4. 4,742 3,802 .7,956 12,552 216 23 718 453 5. 19 2 8 72 6. 57 85 584 1,149 7. 19 23 95 148 17 23 8. 2 9. 241 136 546 525 10. 220 79 527 633 18 22 11. 818 558 1,428 2,030 20 2 83 51 12. 5 13. 2 3 14. 4 15. 3 16. 686 551 4,045 5,240 15 17. 300 133 919 1,450 30 18. 32 36 80 90 I 25 ... 19. 874 664 - 4,169 4,568 103 112 112 20. 32 10 11 20 21. 22 9 22. 21 24 111 162 1 23. 210 24 68 153 24. 303 86 546 992 10 .1 25. 380 180 886 1,379 16 8 26. ,t89 scr I PAl! A -INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females I 2 3 4- 5 6 NJLGIRIS DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 38,0101 19,504 18,510 10,331 7,659 I. Adi-Andhra 18 13 5 3 2. Adi-Dravida 15,437 7,941 7,496 4.141 2,957 3. Adi-Karnataka 6,965 3,520 3,445 1,908 1,613 4. Arunthathiyar 2,297 1,118 1,179 604- 395 5. Chakkiliyan 1,633 851 782 525 317 6. Chamar or Muehi 7. Cheruman 581 331 250 225 88 6. Devendra Kulathan 810 300 510 72 281 9.', Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 51 14 37 6 10. Kanakkan or Padanna 96 38 58 22 38 11. Kudumban 527 247 280 93 159 12. Kilravan, Sidhanar 14- 8 6 3 3 13. Madari 123 61 62 30 25 14. Nayadi 4 4 15. Pallan 757 549 208 430 113 16. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 7,248 3,716 3,532 1,861 1,479 17. Puthirai Vannan 140 60 80 24 13 18. Thod 590 335 255 171 62 19. VaUuvan 277 136 141 80 58 20. Unclassified 445 261 184 137 51 190 AND NON·WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Q)larrying, Live. • In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household Sl. No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 1 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 123 64 609 580 4,797 4,fl41 70 28 698 126 2 1. 58 21 461 417 1,507 1,519 24 6 318 30 2. 19 5 37 49 1,541 1,399 7 12 14 3. 2 2 :, 26 165 112 1 2 202 64 4. 2 80 54 66 53 10 18 7 5. 6, 16 4- 167 78 3 7. 4 2 35 251 5 8. 9. 20 1 10, 4 2 114 2 11. I 2 2 1 12. 20 3 13. t 14. 2 7 5 377 92 5 5 15. 32 28 849 878 12 7 118 16 16. 2 4 17. 3 5 16 5 18. S 53 52 6 3 19. I 7 10 6 .. , 20, 191 SCT I PART A - JNDUSTRIJ\L CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste in Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 NlLGIRIS DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 186 89 140 60 502 22 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi·Dravida 87 30 72 31 166 6 3. Adi·Karnataka 9 2 16 17 4. Arunthathiyar 4- 18 8 4 150 4 5. Chakkiliyan 22 17 10 5 79 9 6. Chamar or Muchi ... 7. Cheruman 2 2 8. Devendra Kulathan 4 9. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 1 10. Kanakkan or Padanna n. Kudumban 12. Kuravan, Sidhanar 13. Madari 2 2 11 14. Nayadi 15. Pallan 3 4 16. Paraiyan, ParaY1i\n (Sambavar) 41 15 25 12 45 3 . 17. Puthirai Vannan 2 18. Thoti 7 5 2 5 19. Valluvan 2 2 20. U ncJassified 7 3 16 19~ AND NON.WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X In Other Services Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging Non-workers and skins Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3,206 2,049 9,173 10,851 231 300 165 10 4 1. 1,448 897 3,800 4,539 115 60 2. 248 145 1,612 1,832 3. 61 103 514 784 204 5 4 4. 238 171 326 465 27 7 5. 6. 33 6 106 162 7. 21 30 228 229 8. 6 13 31 9. 37 16 20 13 10. 87 42 154 121 11. 5 3 12. 12 4 31 37 2 13. 3 14. 39 3 119 95 15. 739 520 1,855 2,053 180 63 16. 21 7 36 67 17. 149 36 It4 193 6 18. 13 56 83 19. 97 41 124 133 9 20. 198 25 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS A T WORK 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 MADURAI DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 75,986 38,207 37,779 2l,507 12,362 1. Adi-Dravida 5,250 2,662 2,588 1,576 1,015 2. Arunthathiyar 1,668 834 834 490 138 3. Bakuda 15 7 8 7 4. Bandi 5. Chakkiliyan 17,124 8,433 8,691 4,542 2,336 6. Chandala 2 7. Devendra Kulathan 65 48 17 20 13 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 212 83 129 50 41 9. Holeya 10. Kadaiyan 17 15 2 15 2 11. Kalladi 4 4 12. Kudumban 5,452 2,488 2,964 1,095 815 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2,467 1,246 1,221 631 450 14. Madari 3,262 1,655 1,607 959 601 15. Nayadi !) 2 3 16. Pagadai 280 162 118 99 21 17. Pallan 15,693 8,106 7,587 5,045 3,068 18. Pambada 3 3 19. Panchama 4 3 20. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 17,908 9,254 8,654 5,168 2,888 21. Puthirai Vannan 181 89 92 59 25 22. Samban 1,705 884 821 613 210 23. Thoti 532 236 296 114 92 24. Tiruvalluvar 572 421 151 263 42 25. Valluvan 904 360 544 158 36 26. Unclassified 2,659 1,216 1,443 600 568 194 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household Sl. No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry alJjed activities Mllies Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 2,668 1,152 3,716 3,188 998 374 475 553 1,929 395 237 170 238 231 47 17 8 55 191 20 1. 17 48 11 20 5 48 9 90 11 2. 3. 4. 85 39 723 502 177 47 147 25 551 79 5. 6. 1 2 6 3 7. 3 4 27 11 11 10 8. 9. 14- 10. U. 222 44 159 110 137 91 9 52 15 12. 6 4 17 10 37 7 94 154 77 69 13. H 5 83 40 60 12 12 123 26 14. 15. 22 16. , 1,531 635 1,334 1,448 166 42 24 19 194 17 17. lB. 19. 423 2]4 1,056 751 238 120 77 263 522 104- 20. 2 21. 39 2 60 8 26 22. 6 6 29 29 23. 3 3 24. .; 5 14 9 25. 92 35 52 80 55 ]9 8 12 17 26. 195 seT PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICAtION OF PERSONS At WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 MADURAI DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 360 126 1,015 614 870 36 1. Adi-Dravida 37 10 174 226 71 2. Arunthathiyar 8 7 B 3 15 3 3. Bakuda 5 2 4-. Bandi 5. Chakkiliyan 27 44 13B 57 294 14 6. Chandala 7. Devendra Kulathan 5 6 B. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 9. Holeya 10. Kadaiyan 11. Kalladi 12. Kudumban 19 4 35 10 42 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 6 3 19 2 47 14. Madari 7 S 42 22 60 15. Nayadi 16. Pagadai 3 18 2 17. Pallan 61 14 169 lSI 102 6 18. Pambada 19. Panch am a 1 20. Paraiyan. Parayan (Sambavar) 163 29 267 95 143 10 21. Puthirai Vannan 22. Samban 11 5 5 15 23. Thoti 5 4 10 24. Tiruvatluvar 6 9 25. Valluvan 3 2 76 7 26 26. U ncJassified 7 58 55 21 196 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDUL£O CAsTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers and skins Scavenging SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 9,476 5,924 16,700 25,417 285 38 1,717 849 573 286 1,086 1,573 25 4- 28 5 1. 236 89 344 696 10 9 2. 7 3. 4. 2,400 1,529 3,891 6,355 29 2 943 501 5. 6. 7 2 28 4 1~ 8 16 33 88 3 8. 9. 2 10. 4 ll. 420 540 1,393 2,149 12. 328 201 615 771 160 141 13. 561 491 696 1,006 6 62 18 14. 3 15. 56 19 63 97 47 17 16. 1,464 756 3,061 4,519 13 67 17. 3 18, 3 19. 2,279 1,302 4,086 5,766 195 29 144 16 20. 56 ,25 30 67 5 21. 457 195 271 611 58 22. 63 53 122 204 49 ~ 23. 245 39 158 109 1 46 2 24. 33 12 202 508 7 25. 290 366 616 875 95 101 26. 197 set I PARt A -INDlisTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 59,856 30,418 %9,438 11,73% 10,691 1. Adi-Dravida 6,585 3,088 3,497 1,596 783 2. Arunthathiyar 666 303 363 157 97 3. Chakkiliyan 5,292 2,651 2,641 1,606 800 4. Chamar or Muchi 5. Devcndra Kulathan 588 223 365 8 5 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or pano 212 88 124 38 27 7. Holeya 2 2 8. Kadaiyan 9. Kalladi 26 13 13 7 1 10. Kudumban 115 69 46 34 8 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 1,465 753 712 406 249 12. Madari 511 259 252 162 93 13. Maila 14. Pagadai 563 268 295 112 23 15. Pallan 21,900 11,079 10,821 6,940 5,019 16. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 17,733 9,564 8,169 5,482 3,036 . 17. Puthirai Vannan 67 44 23 28 13 18. Samban 301 100 201 41 50 19. Thoti 1,445 666 779 362 301 20. Tiruvalluvar 471 294- 177 173 37 21. Valluvan 1,202 546 656 305 132 22. Unclassified 709 407 302 275 17 19a AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting As Cultivator At Household other than Household 81. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 3,539 2,197 3,323 3,778 369 225 477 139 2,684 321 172 160 319 380 20 24 19 4 371 55 1. 19 17 13 6 65 2. 66 40 224 148 28 198 6 452 19 3. 4. 4 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 30 4 10. 4 2 2 21 7 60 68 30 14 ll. 11 5 52 20 4 12. 13. 9 14: 2,025 1,204 2,084 2,343 141 147 61 19 680 59 15. 1,128 741 645 860 118 25 53 31 906 124 16. I 17. 4 13 7 13 18. 19 13 11 7 2 3 2 30 23 19. 27 9 24 12 59 20. 3 3 10 21 4 17 10 8 38 8 21. 42 8 2 22 22. 199 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 TlRUOIIIRAPALLl DISTRICT - VRBAN TOTAL 433 216 570 113 984 83 1. Adi-Dravida 47 25 60 13 203 2. Arunthathiyar 3 1 3. Chakkiliyan 4 10 15 7 120 29 4. Chamar or Muchi 5. Devendra Kulathan 4 4 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or pano 6 2 7. Holeya 8. Kadaiyan 9. Kalladi 2 1 3 10. Kudumban 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2 2 68 12 24- 2 12. Madari 1 2 9 13. Maila 14. Pagadai 10 7 3 45 4 15. Pallan 152 101 91 35 225 10 16. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) ISS 26 275 4-1 297 20 17. Puthirai Vannan 18. Samban 15 14 5 4 3 19. Thoti 49 29 4- 4- 20. Tiruvalluvar 3 15 13 21. VaUv.van 8 1 25 1 23 1 22. Unclassified 4 14 I ~QO AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services N on-WQI'k.ers and skins Scavenging SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 5,353 3,619 12,686 18,747 283 13 869 740 385 122 1,492 2,714 81 12 23 12 1. 62 65 146 266 2. 499 540 1,045 1,841 47 211 313 3. 4. 215 360 5. 28 26 50 97 22 6. 2 7. 8. 6 12 9. 8 35 38 10. 195 141 347 463 56 118 11, 75 73 97 159 4 3 12. 1 13. 45 11 156 272 44 14. 1,481 1,101 4,139 5,802 4 2 15. 1,927 1,168 4,082 5,133 155 280 86 16. 27 13 16 10 17. 12 59 151 6 18. 235 232 304 478 205 172 19. 20 27 121 140 20. 184 72 241 524 3 4 21. 190 8 132 285 38 22. ~Ol 26 SCT I PART A-INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION .oF PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 5 6 THANJAVUR DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 51,228 26,050 25,118 15,849 9,086 1. Adi-Dravida 9,886 4,694 5,192 2,790 1,561 2. Arunthathiyar 501 255 246 135 16 3. Chakkiliyan 2,412 1,205 1,207 666 242 4. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 154 80 74- 18 4 5. Ko1iyan 69 31 38 22 13 6. Kudumban 272 171 101 138 4{) 7. Kuravan, Sidhanar 1,943 954 989 587 438 8. Pallan 13,242 6,714 6,528 4,174- 3,044- 9. Paraiyan, Parayan, (Sambavar) 17,626 9,130 8,496 5,737 3,060 10. Puthirai Vannan 14 10 4 9 2 11. Samban 1,931 1,005 926 633 272 12. Thoti 1,702 950 752 552 273 13. Tiruvalluvar 171 103 68 38 5 14. Valluvan 433 250 183 150 16 15. Unclassified 872' 49B 374- 200 100 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHtOl1tED CAStES ~URBAN WORKERS I "n III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household Sl. No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry allied activities Industry Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 2,151 758 5,942 4,900 430 145 286 270 789 125 479 236 1,191 978 45 9 9 22 4:1 8 1. 5 3 4 124 3 2. 30 33 12 15 9 246 7 3. 2 2 14 2 4, 4 9 8 5. 57 6 5 7 7 14 6 6. 7 10 13 8 144 171 29 19 7. 714 293 2,047 1,858 125 36 21 12 64 16 8. 873 211 2,278 1,808 167 51 52 35 169 56 9. 10. 54 14 215 141 18 4 17 10 3 11. 8 2 16 9 24 22 9 8 10 3 12. 2 17 2 13. 10 45 3 8 1 34 14. 44 50 12 11 5 2 16 15. 208. seT PART A - INDustRIAL CLAsSIFiCA 110N OF PERSONS At WOR K WORKERS ------VI VII VIII SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction III Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 THANJAVUR DISTRICT-URBAN 252 106 202 113 523 :u 1. Adi-Dravida 41 10 26 7 129 5 2. Arunthathiyar 3 3 3. Chakkiliyan 18 15 7 85 6 4. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 5. Koliyan 3 6. Kudumban 4 5 2 7. Kuravan, Sidhanar 4 54 53 21 8. Pallan 25 13 26 32 78 9. Paraiyan, Parayan, (Sarnbavar) 67 31 63 10 162 10. Puthirai Vannan II. Samban 13 6 12. Thoti 69 25 1 12 1~; Tiruvalluvar 3 6 14 .. Valluvan 3 6 2 5 l~ •. U nclass ified 4 3 11 2 :l2 I ANi> NON·WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URSAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers - and skillS Scavenging SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 5,214 2,648 10,201 16,092 193 84 883 458 829 286 !,904 3,631 16 12 61 29 1. 5 120 230 1 2. 252 171 539 965 50 8 51 51 3. 62 70 4. 5 3 9 25 5. 48 J4. 33 61 6. 305 184 367 551 23 13 261 ISO 7. 1,074 784 2,540 ~4&f 55 25 24 16 8. 1,906 853 3,393 5.~36 23 15 219 148 9. 9 2 2 1U. 300 lOB 372 654 2 I 46 13 ll. 403 203 398 479 10 8 214 66 12. 13 65 63 t 13. 39 9 100 167 14. 86 31 296 274 12 2 1 5 11. sct 1 PAnr A -INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICAtION OF PERSONS AT WORK AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX. FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household 81. No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1,479 842 2,418 2,746 416 163 325 441 851 454 5 4 33 5 3 2 18 5 1. 8 5 25 29 2 4 21 2. 3 1 127 209 50 21 42 3 203 27 3. 2 4. 2 2 5. 32 100 149 176 17 8 15 7 6. 3 4 2 10 3 95 191 25 16 7. 8. 8 17 6 10 9 29 9. 1,113 492 1,422 1,620 182 48 32 14- 254- 96 ~O. 298 236 508 544- 124 74- 98 170 2,90 276 11. I 12. 12 2 16 18 9 4 16 2 13. 14- 14. 4 4 18 5 15. 16. I 2 6 2 17. 4 2 126 131 3 18 21 18. 207 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS VI VII VIII Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste .w COilStruction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 285 91 221 16 488 12 1. Adi-Dravida .. 13 2. Arunthathiyar 22 3. Chakkiliyan 19 6 18 9 146 4. Cheruman 12 5. Devendra Kulathan 6 9 6. Kudumban 13 7 52 12 84 3 7. Kuravan. Sidhanar 11 5 10 7 29 1 8. Madari 3 9. Pagadai 4 14 10. PaUan 47 14 37 17 51 1 11. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 165 55 73 14 88 4 12. Puthirai Vannan 1 13. Samban 17 4 15 26 1 14. Semman 15. Thod 1 1 16. TiruvaUuvar - 17. Valluvan 2 4 2 2 18, Uncla,ssifie4 8 1 1 2 ~ AND NON.WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X In Other Services Non-workers Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging Sl. No. and skins Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 4,853 3,454 9,085 11,695 679 449 91 73 83 157 6 4 I. 153 144 148 231 G 6 2. 360 355 1,131 1,530 187 162 3. 4. 4 5 27 31 5. 401 199 614 1,083 6. 410 265 694 880 320 241 7. 5 14 8. 58 40 84 136 27 10 9. 1,074 1,010 3,329 3,878 6 2 10. 1,642 1,031 2,267 2,902 89 10 11. 153 59 45 74 22 12. 278 232 342 414 7 13. 15 25 14. 15 8 44 71 6 3 15. 4 16. 197 9 42 63 17. 17 24 215 202 2 10 18. 209 27 SCT PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4: 5 6 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 73,006 36,096 36,910 21,019 17,398 1. Adi-Dravida 11,851 6,032 5,819 3,273 2,571 2. Arunthathiyar 5,456 2,893 2,563 1,475 606 3. Baira 2 2 4. Chakkiliyan 2,708 1,168 1,540 594 352 5. Cheruman 271 131 140 84 8 6. Devendra Kulathan 118 4 114 2 7 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 31 19 12 10 5 8. Holcya 44 16 28 16 11 9. Kadaiyan 186 91 95 65 55 10. Kudumban 568 263 305 227 119 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2,343 1,149 1,194 698 526 12. Madari 45 22 23 11 12 13. Nalakeyava 2 2 2 14. Pagadai 301 165 136 81 39 15. Pallan 32,437 16,235 16,202 9,932 8,407 16. Panan 25 17 8 17 17. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 14,457 6,946 7,511 3,969 4,239 18. Paravan 78 62 16 62 19. Puthirai Vannan 640 259 381 172 228 20. Samban 132 22 1}0 22 5 21. Semman 32 2 30 2 22. Thoti 31 12 19 12 4: 23. Tiruvalluvar 82 30 52 15 8 24. Valluvan 458 210 248 122 44 25. Unclassified 708 348 360 }58 148 210 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Cullivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household Sl. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 4,784 3,642 5,556 7,628 834 234 1,178 1,430 1,863 767 665 565 592 576 81 53 182 294 428 238 1. 18 2 III 223 63 15 117 19 253 40 2. 3. 5 4 26 36 28 12 29 49 6 4. 2 5 63 5. 3 4 6. 4 6 4 7. 7 10 3 8. 39 51 8 3 9. 3 2 7 2 161 87 10. 31 5S 4 2 3 375 409 63 24 11. 9 12. 2 13. 3 3 12 2 5 2 14. 3,325 2,476 3,241 4,224 451 108 244 273 483 229 15. 12 16. 719 527 1,550 2,548 183 35 178 367 189 108 17. 60 18. 2 1 5 4 19. 5 1 7 20. 21. 3 1 1 2 22. 2 23. 6 1 3 8 1 1 4 3 33 19 24. 2 1 12 3 34 6 25. 211 SCT I PART A - iNDUSTRiAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS ------_- VI VII VIII Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females hfales Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 826 316 328 115 822 131 1. Adi-Dravida 353 165 53 6 161 43 2. Arun tha thiyar 9 2 9 3 93 2 3. Baira 4. ClJakkiliyan 6 4 56 7 5. Cheruman 6 5 6. Dcvendra Kulathan 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 8. Holeya 9. Kadaiyan 2 10. Kudumban 4 6 13 21 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 8 11 19 12. Madari 13. Nalakeyava 14. Pagadai 3 15. Pallan 234 45 182 67 368 46 16. Panan 3 17. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 190 92 49 24 88 9 18. Paravan 19. Puthirai Vannall 2 2U. Samban 3 3 21. Semman 22. Thoti 23. Tiruvalluvar 4 24. Valluvan 5 13 4 25. Unclassified 7 2 15 212 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCltEDVLEO CAST£S - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS ------IX X Tanning and Currying of hides Scavenging . SI.No. In Other Services Non-workers and skins Males Females :Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 4,828 3,135 15,077 19,512 23 16 1,093 409 758 631 2,759 3,248 26 9 1. S02 300 1,418 1,957 20 16 613 80 2. 2 3. 394 282 574 1,188 290 165 4. 8 47 132 2 5. 2 107 6. 9 7 7. 6 17 8. 14 26 40 9. 39 36 186 10. IS7 35 451 668 90 11. 12 11 11 3 12. 13. 57 32 84 97 43 29 14. 1,404 939 6,303 7,795 29 111 15. 2 8 16. 823 529 2,977 3,272 6 17. 2 15 IS. 163 223 (S7 153 19. 6 105 20. 29 21. 8 15 22. 12 4- IS 44 23. 56 7 8S 204 24. 85 138 190 212 6 25. 213 seT I PART A - 'NOUSntIAL CLASSIFICA TtON OF ~RSONS A T WORK &I. No. Name or Scheduled Caste Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 5,409 2,690 2,719 1,341 868 1. Bharatar 59 31 28 7 2. Chakkiliyan 678 353 325 159 99 3. Domban 26 20 6 9 4. Kakkalan 7 6 5. Kavara 93 31 62 18 8 6. Kootan (Koodan) 49 23 26 7. Kuravan, Sidhanar 1I5 47 68 23 22 8. Pallan 186 93 93 47 9 9. Panan 105 45 60 28 7 10. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 2,890 1,443 1,447 753 541 11. Paravan 43 16 27 7 12. Pulayan or Cheramar 26 5 21 2 4 13. Thandan 68 28 40 13 14. Uraly 15. Valluvan 134- 76 58 36 10 16. Vannan 901 457 444 235 167 17. Vetan 26 15 13 3' 214 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV V In Mining, Quarrying, Live- In Manufacturing As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household other than Household SI. No, As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 91 13 290 330 29 S 29 35 80 11 4: 1. 5 2. 9 3. 4. 3 5 2 5. 6. IS 16 2, 2 7. 9 9 4 4 4 2 1 8. 27 9. 13 278 326 25 5 2 4 22 4 10. 11. 3 12. 4 13. 14. 2 8 2 l5. 3 16. 17. 215 SCT I PART A - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS A T WORK WORKERS _------VI VII VIII SI.No. Name of Scheduled Caste In Construction In Trade and Commerce In Transport, Storage and Communications Males Females Males Females Males Females 17 18 19 20 21 22 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 23 29 34 1. Bharatar 2 2. Chakkiliyan 2 3. Domban 4. Kakkalan 5. Kavara 3 3 6. Kootan (Koodan) 7. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2 2 2 8. .Pallan 5 2 9. Panan 2 10. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 15 14 28 32 11. Paravan 3 12. Pulayan or Cheramar 1.3. Thandan 14. Uraly 15. Valluvan 2 5 2 6 16. "oVannan 6 17. Vetan 216 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED CASTES - URBAN WORKERS WORKERS IN SPECIAL OCCUPATIONS IX X Tanning and Currying of hides In Other Services Non-workers and skins Scavenging . SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 715 440 1,349 1,851 154 105 24 28 1. 151 98 194 226 140 3 2. 11 6 3. 5 4. 6 3 13 54 5. 23 26 6. 2 2 24 46 7. 15 46 84 8. 4 17 53 9. 284 161 690 906 12 7 10. 2 9 26 Ii. 1 3 17 12. 8 15 40 13. 14. 15 4 40 48 15. 226 166 222 277 94 16. 3 12 )3 2 17. 217 ~8 seT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 MADRAS STATE-RURAL TOTAL . 237,663 121,773 115,890 78,616 57,839 1. Adiyan 2. Aranadan 3. Irular 74,024 37,829 36,195 23,470 15,387 4. Kadar 97 56 41 38 20 5. Kammara 25 17 8 12 6. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 1,793 985 808 615 299 7. Kattunayakan 4,910 2,401 2,509 1,493 1,132 8. Koraga 4 4 4 9. Kota 621 338 283 182 130 10. Kurichchan 3 2 11. Kurmbas 515 259 256 153 148 12. Kurumans 51 26 25 22 19 13. Malai Pandaram 14. Malai Vedan 2 15. Malakkuravan 2 2 16. Malasar 612 305 307 211 223 17. Malayali 129,887 66,fi31 63,256 44,214 :~J,555 18. Mudugar or Muduvan 119 66 53 41 13 19. Palliyan 1,548 788 760 561 434 20. P,~~iyan 3,195 1,617 1,578 971 891 Pulayan 21. 2,631 1,364 1,267 838 727 Sholaga 22. 5,971 3,019 2,952 1,854 1,123 Toda 23. 591 321 270 172 46 24. Unclassified 11,059 5,742 5,317 3,762 2,691 218 AND NON -WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live SI.No. As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 3 9 10 11 12 13 14 48,270 34,677 15,157 13,092 5,895 3,575 1,291 656 1. 2. 6,138 3,135 3,612 6,344 2,515 1,233 949 461 3. 38 18 4. 6 4 5. 463 179 31 51 77 66 6. 829 578 199 298 99 43 180 88 7. 8. 154 71 56 2 3 11 9. 10. 75 60 5 10 62 68 6 11. 12 15 5 12. 13. 14. 15. 96 112 86 13 16. 17 ,065 28,305 4,329 4,146 1,600 1,081 35 47 17. 7 4 8 2 18. 62 15 50 18 363 318 19. 34 19 791 799 98 51 20. 27 21 26 34 487 342 9 9 21. 955 545 461 256 105 37 22. 81 26 18 7 28 40 6 23. 2,312 1,657 530 452 328 252 63 38 24. 219 seT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSif'ICA TiON OF PERSONS At WOR.K WORKERS V VI VII In Manufacturing SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction In Trade and Commerce Industry Males Females Males Females Males Females 15 16 17 18 19 20 MADRAS STATE- RURAL TOTAL 633 331 138 49 411 272 1. Adiyan 2. Aranadan 213 3. Irular 583 317 99 36 307 4. Kadar 5. Kammara G. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 44 7. Kattunayakan 30 ;( 10 4 53 8. Koraga 9. Kota 6 10. Kurichchan 11. Kurmbas 2 12. Kururnans 13. Malai Pandaram 14. Malai Vedan 15. i'vIa lakkuravan 16. Malasar 34 8 17. Malayali 11 3 18 13. iVIudugar or ]\'fuduvan 19. Palliyan 20. Paniyan 21. Pulayan 3 22. Sholaga 23. Toda 3 2 - 24. Unclassified 2 11 7 14 7 220 ANt> NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR sCHEDULED TRII3ES - aURAL WORKERS VIII IX X In Transport, Storage Non-workers 51. No. and Communications In Other Services Males Females Males Females Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 58 2 6,763 5,185 43,157 58,051 1. 1 2. 26 2 4,191 3,046 14,359 20,808 3. 18 21 4. 2 5 8 5. 44 2 370 509 6. 12 SI 75 908 1,377 7. 3 8. 6 3 156 153 9. I 10. 2 7 2 106 108 11. 2 3 4 6 12. 13. I 14. 2 15. 29 98 94 84 16. 11 1,111 964 22,417 28,701 17. 27 3 25 40 18. 86 83 227 326 19. 48 22 646 687 20. 289 318 526 s-w 21. 333 285 1,165 1,829 22. 3 4 149 224 23. 501 278 1,980 2,626 24. 221 SCT j PART B -INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 23,240 12,031 11,209 7,667 4,392 1. Irular 21,280 10,945 10,335 6,897 4,083 2. Kattunayakan 968 544 424 411 194 3. Koraga 3 3 3 4. Unclassified 989 539 450 356 115 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL SS,SS0 30,103 28,477 19,783 13,282 1. Aranadan 2. lrular 20,720 10,526 10,192 6,869 4,866 3. Kattunayakan 2,255 1,065 1,190 607 525 4. Kurumans 36 20 16 18 16 5. Malayali 30,881 16,066 14,815 10,622 6,677 6, Palliyan 2 1 1 7. Unclassified 4,685 2,422 2,263 1,666 1,197 222 AND NON -WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household Sl. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1,204, 474 3,067 2,157 615 261 349 122 816 290 3,007 ·2,093 562 233 293 116 1. :158 160 17 3 6 37 2 2. 3. 30 24 60 47 50 22 19 4 4. 13,105 8,010 3,092 3,024 1,106 375 429 186 1. 2,244 1,241 2,039 1,952 732 300 310 140 2. 364 308 39 W() 45 3 79 36 3. 12 15 5 4. 9,127 5,509 919 834 256 48 26 5. 6. 1,358 937 90 138 72 23 14 ~. 7. 223 SCT I PART 8 - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS V VI VII In Manufacturing SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction In Trade and Commerce Industry Males Females Males Females Males Females 15' 16 17 18 19 20 CIDNGLEPUT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 376 187 46 18 74 62 1. Irular 373 187 18 67 59 2. Kattunayakan 1 7 3 3. Koraga 4. Unclassified 2 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 187 106 35 15 246 169 1. Aranadan 2. Irular 172 104- 35 15 196 127 3. Kattunayakan 14- 1 36 4. Kurumans 5. MalayaH 5 6. Palliyan ? Unclassified 9 2 2.24 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS VIII IX X In Transport, Storage and Communications In Other Services Non-workers Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 13 1,924 1,111 4,364 6,817 13 1,722 1,087 4,048 6,252 1. 5 6 133 230 2. 3 3. 194 18 183 335 4. 21 2 1,562 1,396 10,320 15,195 1. 11 2 1,130 985 3,659 5,326 2. 8 22 37 458 665 3. 2 4. 2 286 285 5,444 8,138 5. 6, 123 88 756 1,066 7. 225 2~ seT PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4- 5 6 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 12,662 6,412 6,250 4,146 2,832 I. Irular 11,303 5,720 5,583 3,722 2,488 2. Kattunayakan 393 147 246 82 90 3. Kurichchan 4. Palliyan 43 17 26 10 22 5. Unclassified 922 527 395 332 232 SALEM DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 100,477 51,283 49,194 33,985 28,454 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 4,617 2,402 2,215 1,628 1,204 3. Kadar 2 2 4. Kattunayakan 154 82 72 51 41 5. Koraga 6. Malayali 92,724 47,294 45,430 31,366 26,463 7. Sholaga 68 31 37 15 13 8. Unclassified 2,910 1,473 1,437 924 73 226 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household SI. No. As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry allied acti vi ties Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 906 470 1,899 1,546 326 128 194 100 684 274 1,849 1,485 272 98 151 72 1. 25 64 13 10 11 2 20 7 2. 3. 5 6 5 16 4. 192 126 32 35 43 28 23 21 5. 27,476 22,648 3,805 3,603 1,577 1,239 98 64 1. 658 380 477 407 298 213 81 54 2. 3. 47 36 2 5 4. 5. 26,069 21.695 3,167 3,061 1,279 1,026 9 6 6. 12 13 3 '7. 690 524- 156 130 7 4 8 227 seT I PART B -INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFiCATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS ------__ V VI VII In Manufacturing S1. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction In Trade and Commerce Industry Males Females Malt:s Females Males Females 15 16 17 18 19 20 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 35 25 8 1 26 20 1. Irular 35 25 6 23 15 2. Kattunayakan 3. Kurichchan 4. Palliyan 5. Unclassified 2 3 5 SALEM DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 6 3 19 2 44 19 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 1 15 11 3. Iiadar 4. Kattunayakan 5. Koraga 6. Malayali 6 3 18 27 8 7. Sholaga 8. Unclassified 2 228 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS VIII IX X In Transport, Storage and Communications In Other- Services Non-workers Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 2 750 542 2,266 3,418 2 700 518 1,998 3,095 1. 13 7 65 156 2. 3. 7 4 4. 37 17 195 163 5. 8 952 876 17,298 20,740 1. 98 138 774 1,011 2. 1 3. 2 31 31 4. 5. 8 783 663 15,928 18,967 6. 16 24 7. 69 74 549 705 8. 229 SCT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TlON OF PERSONS A T WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 COIMBATORE DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 18,082 9,235 8,847 5,277 3,259 1. Irular 10,455 5,328 5,127 2,867 1,710 2. Kadar 95 56 39 38 19 3. Kammara 25 17 8 12 4. Kattunayakan 8 5 3 5 5. Kurumans 14: 5 9 3 3 6. Malasar 612 305 307 211 223 7. MudugarorMuduvan 28 14 14 8 4- 8. Pulayan 46 23 23 8 9 9. Sholaga 5,903 2,988 2,915 1,839 1,110 10. Unclassified 896 494 402 286 181 NlLGIRIS DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 9,328 4,779 4,549 2,813 2,335 I. lrular 3,595 1,869 1,726 1,101 826 2. Kattunayakan 591 296 295 162 159 3. Kota 621 338 283 182 130 of. Kurmbas 515 259 256 153 148 5, Palliyan 1 1 6. Paniyan 3,195 1,617 1,578 971 891 7. Toda 587 319 268 170 4:4- 8. Uncl~ 223 80 143 73 137 280 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live- stock, Forestry, Fishmg, Hunting At Household As Cultivator As Agricultural SI. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry allied activities Maks Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 il 12 13 14 2,304 1,303 1,714 1,148 326 82 95 59 1,331 744 1,003 698 47 7 93 58 1. I 38 18 2. 6 4 3. 4. 5. 96 112 86 13 6. 2 1 7. 2 8 7 8. 943 532 458 256 105 37 9. 24 27 155 79 38 10. 590 321 1,004 1,102 864 701 72 33 235 138 72 117 604 432 20 21 1. 10 7 118 114 8 15 2. 154- 71 56 2 3 11 ~. 75 60 5 10 62 68 6 4. 5. 34 19 791 799 98 51 6. 81 26 16 6 28 40 6 7. 2 62 132 8. 231 SCT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS V VI VII In Manufacturing SI.No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction If! Trade and Commerce Industry Males Females Males Females Males Females 15 16 17 18 19 20 COIMBATORE DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 2 1 14 8 5 1. lrular 7 2. Kadar 3. Kammara 4. Kattunayakan 5 5. Kurumans 6. Malasar 7. Mudugar or Muduvan 8. Pulayan 9. Sholaga 10. Unclassified 1 7 7 NILGIRIS DISTRICT-RURAL TOTAL 9 5 6 1 8 1 1. lrular 2 6 6 2. Kattunayakan 3. Kota 6 4. Kurmbas 2 5. Palliyan 6. Paniyan 7. Toda 3 2 8. UnclassifieU 282 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS VIII IX x In Transport, Storage and Communications In Other Services Non-workers SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 81'1 658 3,958 5,588 385 202 2,461 3,417 1. 18 20 2. 2 5 8 3. 3 4. 2 2 2 6 5. 29 98 94 84 6. 5 3 6 10 7. 15 14 8. 333 285 1,149 1,805 9. 61 68 208 221 10. 8 252 171 1,966 2,214 156 116 768 900 1. 26 23 134 136 2. 6 3 156 153 3. 2 7 2 106 108 4. 5. 48 22 646 687 6. 3 3 149 224 7. 8 5 7 6 8. 233 30 SCT 1 PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS A T WORK SI. No. Name 'of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 MADURA] DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 4,281 2,203 2,078 1,413 1,176 1. Mudugar or Muduvan 91 52 39 33 9 2. Palliyan 1,310 665 645 456 396 3. Pallayan 2,567 1,332 1,235 821 709 4. Toda 3 2 2 5. Unclassified 310 152 158 101 61 TlRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 8,570 4,417 4,153 2.714 1,690 1. Irular 2,027 1,023 1,004 375 210 2. Kattunayakan 1U9 51 58 41 47 3. Kurumans 4. Malayali 6,282 3,27l 3,011 2,226 1,415 5. Palliyan 123 64 59 64 6. Unclassified 28 7 21 7 18 THANJAVUR DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 251 129 122 87 43 1. lrular 27 14 13 11 2. Kattunayakan 198 101 97 74 40 3. Kurichchan 2 4. Toda 5. Unclassified 23 13 10 234 ~ND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES -- RURAL WORKERS I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live As Agricultural At Household As Cultivator stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry SI. No. allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 56 37 79 49 883 686 7 2 8 2 1. 15 7 19 2 339 304 2. 27 21 26 32 479 335 3. 2 4. 7 8 30 6 63 47 5. 2,125 1,220 450 393 7 11 52 216 118 158 92 1. 18 33 9 10 12 2. 3. 1,869 1,101 243 251 65 7 40 4. 38 26 5. 2 5 17 6. 27 14 18 10 6 17 10 4 7 1. 23 7 18 10 6 17 10 2. 3. 4. 5. 235 SCT I PART 8 - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TlON OF PERSONS At WORK WORKERS V VI VII In Manufacturing other than Household SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Industry In Construction In Trade and Commerce Males Females Males Females Males Females 15 16 17 18 19 20 MADURAI DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 3 1. Mudugar or Muduvan 2. Palliyan 3. Pulayan 3 4. Toda 5. Unclassified TlRUCHlRAPALLl DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 6 1 4 1 1. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 2 1 3. Kurumans 4. Malayali 4 2 5. Palliyan 6. Unclassified THANJAVUR DISRICT - RURAL TOTAL 1 10 1. lrular 2. Kattunayakan 1 10 4 - 3. Kurichchan 4. Toda 5. U nclassfiied 236 AND NON.wORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS VIII IX X In Transport, Storage In Other Services 51. No. and Communications Non-workers Males Females Males Females Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 395 401 790 902 22 19 30 1. 83 83 209 249 2. 289 316 511 526 3. 4. 51 97 5. 1 43 16 1,703 2,463 646 794 I. 10 11 2. 3. 42 16 1,045 1,596 4. 59 5. 3 6. 8 5 42 79 3 13 1. 6 2 27 57 2. 1 1 3. 1 4_ 1 1 12 9 5. 287 seT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS A T WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Fero.a.les Males Female3 2 3 4 5 6 J4.MANATHAPURAM DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 217 105 112 61 26 1. Kattunayakan 188 88 100 48 26 2. Palliyan 29 17 12 13 TlRUNELVELI DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 329 176 153 120 104 1. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 195 106 89 77 65 2. Kattunayakan 46 22 24 12 10 3, Palliyan 40 23 17 17 15 4. Pulayan 18 9 9 9 9 5. Unclassified 30 16 14 5 5 KANYAKUMARJ DISTRIOT - RURAL TOTAL 1,646 900 746 550 246 1. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 1,598 879 719 538 234 2. Malai Pandaram 1 1 3. MaW Vedan 2 1 1 4. Malakkuravan 2 ... 2 " 5, Uncla.uilkd 43 19 24 11 12 288 AND NON·WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS ~~~~~ ---- ~~~-~~------~~-- I II III IV In Mining, QJ1arrying, Live As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household , Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry Sl. No. allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 1 24 11 12 15 13 11 12 15 1. 11 2. 5 1 1 90 78 14 15 77 65 1. 3 5 6 2. 3 2 13 13 3. 9 9 4. 5. 471 189 31 51 1 463 179 31 51 1. 2. 3. 4. 8 10 5. 239 SCT PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS V VI VII In Manufacturing 81. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction In Trade and Commerce Industry Males Females Males Females Males Females 15 16 17 18 19 20 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTlUCT - RURAL TOTAL 8 4 1. Kattunayakan B 4 2. Palliyan TlRUNELVEU DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 4 1. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 2. Kattunayakan 3. Palliyan 4. Pulayan 5. Unclassified KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT - RURAL TOTAL 1 1. Kanikaran or Kanikkar - 2. Malai Pandaram S. MaW Vedan - 4. Malakkuravan 5. Unclassified 2iO AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - RURAL WORKERS VIII IX X In Transport, Storage and Communications In Other Services Non-workers 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 4 7 44 86 4 6 40 74 1. 1 4 12 2. 6 56 49 29 24 1. 10 14 2. 6 2 3. 4_ 5 5 11 9 5_ 1 47 4 350 500 44- 2 341 485 1. 2. 3. 2 4. 2 2 8 12 5. 241 3J C I PART B -INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK SI. No. Name of Scheduled Trihe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 S -4 5 6 MADRAS STATE-URBAN TOTAL 14,328 7,412 6,916 4,258 2,347 1. Adiyan 7 7 7 2. Irular 5,811 3,031 2,780 1,834 916 3. Kadar 196 102 94 68 51 4. Kammara 1 1 5. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 4 4- 6. Kattunayakan 1,549 770 779 451 190 7. Konda Kapus 3 3 8. Konda Reddis 8 5 3 3 9. Koraga 2 2 10. Kota 212 123 89 68 43 11. Kucliya or Melakudi 2 12. Kurichchan 2 2 13. Kurmbas 659 350 309 170 96 14. Kurumans 61 22 39 10 7 15. Malai Arayan 58 31 27 16. Malai Pandaram 2 1 17. Malasar 1,387 751 636 446 250 18. Malayali 65 34 31 19. Palleyar 3 3 3 20. Palliyan 3 2 2 21. Paniyan J,584- 853 731 428 345 22. Pulayan 38 29 9 21 6 23. Sholaga 165 88 77 54 49 24. Tocla 123 54 69 22 25. Unclassified 2,383 1,153 1,!30 669 386 242 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS 1 II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live SI. No. As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household As Cultivator Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 265 77 680 613 675 370 101 71 5 1. 73 28 199 153 301 133 35 9 2. 7 4 3. 4. 5. 28 8 30 24 27 17 36 29 6. 7. 8. 9. 26 33 10. 11. 12. 5 13 15 132 63 14 12 13. 6 4 14. 15. 16. 0 257 164 38 8 17. lB. 19. 20. 4 H:S 207 82 18 11 13 21. 8 7 3 22. 11 6 2 23. 12 1 24. 91 38 48 74- 119 8 25. 248 SCT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION OF PERSONS At WORK WORKERS V VI VII In Manufacturing Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction In Trade and Commerce Industry Males Females Males Females Males Females 15 16 17 18 19 20 MADRAS STATE- URBAN TOTAL 341 39 67 39 98 60 1. Adiyan 1 2. Irular 105 15 10 4- 37 23 3. Kadar 4. Kammara 5. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 6. Kattunayakan 106 15 2 7 4 7. Konda Kapus 8. Konda Reddis 2 9. Koraga 10. Kota 26 11. Kudiya or Melakudi 12. Kurichchan 13. Kurmbas 2 14. Kurumans 2 2 15. Malai Arayan 16. Malai Panda ram 17. Malasar 12 5 18. Malayali 19. Palleyar 20. Palliyan 1 L; 21. Paniyan 22. Pulayan 1 23. Sholaga 24. Toda 25. Unclassified 98 9 41 27 51 25 244 AND NON.WORKERs BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS VIII IX X S1. No. In Transport, Storage Non-workers and Communications In Other Services Males Females Males Females Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 197 12 1,834 1,066 3,154 4,569 1. 86 7 988 544 1,197 1,8M 2. 60 47 34- 43 3. 1 4. 3 5. 10 206 91 319 589 6. 2 1. 2 3 B. 2 9. 2 13 10 55 46 10. 11. 2 12. 5 2 180 213 13. 12 32 14. 31 27 15. 1 16. 132 73 305 386 17. ... 33 30 lB. 3 19. 1 20. 188 107 425 386 21. 1 5 2 8 3 22. 43 41 34 28 23. 9 32 68 24. 92 5 184 145 484 844- 25~ 240 SCT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS A T WORK 81. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 MADRAS DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 1,396 674 722 426 146 1. Adiyan 7 7 7 2. Irular 151 79 72 56 31 3. Kattunayakan 30 12 18 2 4. Konda Kapus 3 3 1 5. Konda Reddis 3 3 3 6. Kurumans 53 17 36 6 4- 7. Pulayan 8. Unclassified 1,148 552 596 351 109 CBlNGLEPUT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 3,087 1,611 1,476 933 478 1. Irular 2,782 1,456 1,326 892 451 2. Toda 2 2 3. Unclassified 303 153 150 41 27 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL '1%4 436 288 326 127 1. Irular 691 421 270 315 120 2. Kammara S. Kattunayakan 15 7 8 4 2 4. Konda JiteddiJ 1 1 5. Kuruma1l3 5 4 1 4 1 6. Palliyan 3 1 2 1 2 7. Toda 1 1 1 8. Unclassified 'I a 2 2 246 AND NON· WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household 81. No. Labourer and Plantations, OrGhards and Industry allied activities Males Females. Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 30 17 5 8 5 1. 22 4 2. 3. 4. 5. 5 2 6. 7. 3 11 8 B. 1 so 16 128 40 27 7 50 16 128 35 27 7 I. 2. 5 3 6 1 55 59 15 5 Z Z 5 55 59 14 4 2 2 1. 2. 1 3. ,.. 4. 5. 6, 7. 8. 247 seT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICA TION" OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS V VI VII In Manufacturing SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction In Trade and Commerce Industry MalCll MalCll 'Females Males Females 15 16 17 18 19 20 MADRAS DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 106 14 42 24 39 19 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 5 4 2 2 1 1 3. Kattunayakan 1 4. Konda Kapus 5. Konda Reddis 2 6. Kurumans 2 7, Pulayan 8. Unclassified 97 9 38 22 38 15 CIDNGLEPUT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAb 65 6 6 2 3 21 1. Irular 65 6 6 2 24 12 2. Toda 3. U ndassified , 10 9 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 17 1 2 8 3 1. Irular 10 1 2 7 2 2. Kammara 3. Kattunayakan 4 4. Konda Reddis 5. Kurumans 6. Palliyan 1 1 7. Toda 8. Unclassified 1 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS . ----~-- .. -- Vin lX X In Transport, Storage Non-worker. SI.No. and Communications In Other Sen'ic('s Males Females Maies Females Males Females 21 2L 23 24 25 26 95 5 59 248 576 1. 9 17 20 23 41 2. 11 16 3. 2 4. 5. 11 32 6. 7. 83 5 92 :i9 201 487 8. 39 6 583 380 678 998 31 6 560 367 561 875 1. 2 2. 8 23 13 112 123 3 22 199 56 110 161 22 198 52 106 150 1. 2. 3 6 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 5 8. 249 32 seT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS A T WORK SI.No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Female 2 3 4- 5 6 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 874 431 443 233 104 1. lrular 874- 431 443 233 104 SALEM DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 39 ZS 14 11 8 1. Irular 24- 14- 10 14 6 2. Kattunayakan 4- 2 2 2 3. Malayali 6 5 4. Unclassified 5 4 COiMBATORE DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 2,061 1,078 983 666 448 1. Irular 143 68 75 47 33 2. Kadar 192 102 90 68 51 3. Kattunayakan 12 7 5 4 2 4. Kurumal,ls 3 2 2 5. Malasar 1,387 751 636 416 250 6. Sholaga 47 21 26 14 17 7. Toda 1 8. Unclassified 276 127 149 87 93 2iQ AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry SI. No. allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 70 56 23 16 70 56 23 16 1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 8 2 218 166 129 121 19 24 23 1. 7 4- 2. S. 2 4. 6 257 164- 38 8 5. 2 2 2 6. 7. 2 60 84 s. 251 seT PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS V VI VII In lVlanufacturing Sl.No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction In Trade and Commerce Industry Males Females Males Females Males Females SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT - URBAN 15 16 17 18 19 20 TOTAL 20 4 2 1. IruJar 20 4 SALEM DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 2 1. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 3. Malayali 4. Unclassified COIMBATORE DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 1 15 10 8 11 Irular 8 2. Kadar 3. Kattunayakan 4 2 4. Kurumans 5. Malasar 12 5 6. Sholaga 7. Toda .< 8, Unclassified 3 5 ~' AND NON - WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS VIII IX X In Transport, Storage In Other Services Non-workers and COlllmunications SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males 21 22 23 24 25 26 23 1 94 27 198 339 23 94 27 198 339 l. 14 6 8 6 14 6 4 1. 2. 4 3. 4 4. 1 226 138 412 535 4 2 21 42 1. 60 47 34 39 2. 3 3 3. 4. 132 73 305 5. 12 13 7 9 6. 1 - 7. 18 3 40 56 8. '2513 SCT I pARr B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS A T WORK Sl.No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 N1LGIRIS DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 3,620 1,902 1,'118 949 649 1. Irular 907 458 449 220 127 2. Kattunayakan 21 3 18 3 5 3. Koraga 2 2 4. Kota 211 122 89 67 43 5. Kudiya or Melakudi 2 6. Kurmbas 659 350 309 170 96 7. Paniyan 1,582 851 731 428 345 8. Sholaga 117 66 51 39 32 9. Tocla 119 51 68 22 MADURAI DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 1,229 626 603 363 210 1. Irular 8 3 5 2 2. Kattunayakan 540 283 257 157 46 3. Konda Reddis 1 3 4. Kota 5. Paniyan 6. Pulayan 36 27 9 20 6 7. Sholaga 8. Unclassified 638 309 329 182 157 TIRUCIDRAPALLI DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 232 95 136 50 27 1. Irular 127 62 65 50 21 2. Kattunayakan 45 4 41 6. 3. MaJayali 59 29 30 254 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live-I As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household SI.No. Labourer and Plantations, Orchards and Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 72 56 158 224 307 134 31 25 17 18 2 2 90 51 6 l. 2 2. 3. 26 33 4. 5. 5 13 15 132 63 14 J2 6. 4 143 207 82 18 Jl 13 7. 8 4 8. 12 9. 125 6 55 67 23 24 I. 25 5 25 19 5 2 2. 3. 4. 5. 8 7 3 6. 7. 91 30 48 11 19 8. 49 9 12 49 9 12 1. .... 2 • - - seT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS A T WORK WORKERS V VI VII In l\1anufacturing SI.No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction In Trade and Commerce Industry Males Females Males Females Males Females 15 16 17 18 19 20 NILGIRIS DISTRICT - URB AN TOTAL 31 1 2 1. Irular 5 2. Kattunayakan 3. Koraga 4. Rota 26 5. Kudiya or l\Ielakudi 6. Kurmbas 2 7. Paniyan 8. Sholaga 9. Toda MAD URAl DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 8 1 4 1 l. lrular 2 2. Kattunayakan 8 2 3. Konda Reddis 4. Kota 5. Paniyan G. Pulayan 7. Sholaga 8. U nclas sified TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 6 1. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 6 4. Malayali 250 AND NON.WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS -'--~ VIII IX X In Transport, Storage In Other Services Non-workers and Communications SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 2 347 207 953 1,069 100 56 238 322 1. 4 13 2. 2 3. 13 10 55 46 4. 5. 5 2 180 213 6. 188 107 423 386 7. 31 28 27 19 8. 9 29 68 9. 8 139 112 263 393 4 1. 7 84 20 126 211 2. 3 3. 4. 5. 5 2 7 3 6. 7. 50 90 127 172 8. 1 45 109 12 44 1. 4 35 2. 29 30 3. 257 33 SCT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK SI.No•. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Total Workers Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 THANJAVUR DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 22 11 11 9 8 1. Irular 11 3 8 3 8 2. Kattunayakan 4 3 3. Pulayan 4. Unclassified 6 6 6 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 575 292 283 200 86 1. Kattunayakan 575 292 283 200 86 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 314 194 180 80 41 1. lru!ar 6 3 3 1 2. Kadar 4 4 3. Kattunayakan 303 159 144 80 40 4. Kurichchan 2 2 5. Malai Arayan 53 31 27 6. Paniyan KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 96 37 59 6 15 1. Irular 37 33 54 2 13 2. Kanikaran or anikkar 4 4 1 3. Malai Pandaram 2 1 1 1 4. Palleyar 3 3 3 ~58 AND NON-WORKERS BY SEX FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS I II III IV In Mining, Quarrying, Live- As Cultivator As Agricultural stock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting At Household 81. No. Labourer and Plantations, Orehards and Industry allied activities Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 9 8 3 8 1. 2. 3. 6 4. 3 15 26 3 15 26 1. 3 3 " 5 17 13 21 3 1. 2. 3 3 4 5 17 13 21 3 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. 2. 3. 4. 259 SCT I PART B - INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PERSONS AT WORK WORKERS ._----.------V VI VII In Manufacturing SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe other than Household In Construction In Trade and Commerce Industry Males Females Males Females Males Females 15 16 17 18 19 20 THANJAVUR DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 1. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 3. Pulayan 4. Unclassified RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 81 3 2 1. Kattunayakan 81 3 2 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT-URBAN TOTAL 12 5 1. Irular 2. Kadar 3. Kattunayakan 12 5 4. Kurichchan 5. Malai Arayan 6. Paniyan KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT - URBAN TOTAL 1 1 1. lrular 1 2. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 3, Malai Pandaram 4. Palleyar 260 AND NON. WORKERS BY SEX FOIt SCHEDULED TRIBES - URBAN WORKERS VIII IX X In Transport, Storage In Other Services Non-workers SI.No. and Communications Males Females Males Females" Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 z 3 1. 1 3 2. 1 3. 4. 2 99 55 92 191 2 99 55 92 197 1. 1 22 12 114 139 3 2 1. 4 2. 22 11 79 104 3. 2 4. 31 27 5. 1 6. 4 1 14 31 44 1 13 31 41 1. 3 2. 3. 4. 2tH TABLE seT II PARTS A AND B Age and marital status for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. FLY LEAF This table furnishes the marital status of Sche. birth day before 1st March 1961. " Never Married' duled Castes and Scheduled Tribes by broad age· refers to a person who has not at any time entered groups. Part A relates to Scheduled Castes and into the state of matrimony. A person is regarded Part B to Scheduled Tribes. For the age group as "Married" if he is recognised by custom or o to 14, 15 to 44 and 45 and above and for the total society to be a married person or has been married population, the number of persons of each sex in accordance with any religious rites or by regist. coming under the categories "Never Married," ration or according to any custom or form of marriage " Married ", "Widowed", "Divorced / Separated" recognised by his community or is in stable de facto and "Unspecified status" has been given. This union and has not been widowed or divorced. A table also furnishes the number of males and females person is regarded as widowed if he or she has lost his in each of these three age-groups. The table has or her spouse by death but has not remarried. A not been prepared separately for rural and urban person is said to be divorced who after marital ties areas. Each part contains a State table and sepa· having been severed by law or custom, either social or rate district tables. religious or by mutual consent, has not been married again. A person who has been separated from wife or As per census definition, age refers to the number husband and is living apart with no intention of living of completed years of age, i.e. the age on the last together again is regarded as separated. 34 SCT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Total SI. Ng. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 MADRAS STATE TOTAL 6,067,327 3,044,822 3,022,505 1,644,024 1,292,907 I. Adi-Andhra 18,269 9,440 8,829 4,996 3,778 2. Adi-Dravida 1,763,000 889,428 873,572 490,201 377,158 S. Adi·Karnataka 12,44B 6,329 6,119 3,507 2,827 f. Arunthathiyar 99,£'47 50,993 48,954 28,094 21,675 5. Ayyanavar 632 333 299 210 57 6. Baira 150 98 52 52 26 7. Bakuda 50 29 21 17 7 8. Bandi 37 23 14 14 3 9. Bharatar 513 229 284 151 168 10. Chakkiliyan 778,076 391,156 386,920 213,960 172,973 11. Chalavadi 12. Chamar or Muchi 14 10 4 5 13. Chandala 2 If. Cheruman 1,884 980 904 440 407 15. Devendra Kulathan 15,963 7,323 8,€~4~, 4,213 3,894 16. Dom, Dombara, Paidi orPano 1,917 976 1,001 586 481 17. Domban 26 20 6 13 4 18. Godda 8 4 4 2 3 19. Gosangi 85 36 49 22 8 20. Holeya 1,826 966 860 530 357 21. Jaggali 8 2 6 4 22. Jambuvulu 10 8 2 7 23. Kadaiyan 1,750 854 896 423 388 2... Kakkalan 26 14 12 8 4 25. Kalladi 117 75 42 47 24 26. Kanakkan or Padanna 96 38 58 20 12 266 stATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0-14 Married Widowed DivorcedJ Unspecified Separated Total Status 51. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 1,293,089 1,353,495 90,876 344,103 16,676 31,883 157 117 1,186,080 1,162,393 4,083 4,380 332 610 29 61 3,615 3,387 I. 373,070 386,707 23,072 102,618 3,069 7,055 16 34 351,645 346,332 2. 2,679 2,692 110 509 33 91 2,626 2,686 3. 21,438 21,985 1,222 4,703 238 591 1 21,095 • 20,330 f. 103 109 19 27 6 146 122 5. 46 21 5 37 24 6. 12 10 3 1 15 4 7. 9 8 :3 3 8. 7l 93 5 22 2 106 140 9. 165,508 173,627 9,085 34,648 2,573 5,660 SO 12 158,867 156,755 10. 11. 5 3 2 .. 12. 1 13. 510 430 20 54 10 13 316 380 14. 2,810 3,658 252 986 47 102 3,003 3,466 15. 348 421 :H 83 8 16 472 483 16. 6 2 7 4- 17. 2 2 18. 14 25 16 18 7 19. 396 376 28 118 12 9 356 336 20. 2 1 4 21. 2 6 22. 396 397 33 107 2 4- 309 348 23. 6 6 2 8 4 24-• 23 16 5 2 • 28 23 25. 17 37 8 15 8 26, 267 seT II PART A AGE AND MARITAL Age 0-14 Never Married Widowed 81. No. Name of Sched\lled Caste Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 MADRAS STATE TOTAL 1,183,810 1,148,628 2,165 13,430 71 137 1. Adi-Andhra 3,596 3,346 19 40 2 Adi-Dravida 351,038 339,204 599 7,046 5 20 3. Adi-Karnataka 2,625 2,6 7 43 4 Arun tha thiyar 21,063 19,943 32 374 5 5. Ayyanavar 146 122 G. Baira 37 24 7. Bakuda 13 4 :.1 8. Bandi 3 9. Bharatar lOCi 135 5 1Cl. Chakkiliyan 158,616 155,482 247 1,179 67 11. Chalavadi 12. Chamar or Muchi 2 • 13. Chandala 14. Cheruman 315 376 4 15. Dovendra Kulathan 3,003 3,429 36 16. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 470 455 2 27 17. Domban 7 4 IS. Godda 2 19. Gosangi 18 7 20. Holeya 356 328 8 21. Jaggali 4 220 Jambuvulu 6 2g.~ Kadaiyan 308 348 24 Kakkalan 8 4 25. Kalladi 23 23 126. Kanakkan or Padanna 15 8 268 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 --~--- --"------DivorcedJ Unspecified Total Never Married Separated Status Married SJ. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 12 162 22 36 1,359,460 1,400,819 453,731 141,224 868,428 1,138,911 4,365 4,432 1,362 264 2,891 3,785 1. 44 2 18 393,82'3 398,002 137,661 37,364 248,208 326,866 2. 2,769 2,799 872 186 1,848 2,378 3. 8 22,022 22,226 6,895 1,644 14,592 18,730 4. 126 130 61 32 52 87 5. 42 21 14 2 28 18 6. 11 12 4 3 7 8 7. 19 8 13 6 7 8. 94- 112 45 33 48 73 9. 26 3 172,548 176,037 54,636 17,009 li3,199 144,356 10. 1 11. 6 2 3 3 2 12. 1 1lI. 497 438 115 31 363 377 14. 3,133 3,820 1,203 462 1,818 3,056 15. 364 397 III 25 236 336 IS. IS 2 6 6 2 17. 3 2 2 18. 15 20 4- 11 15 19. 431 369 168 26 247 308 20. 21. I 22. 412 392 113 39 289 3S0 25. 3 7 S 6 ~4. 35 18 19 16 16 25, 15 39 5 4 10 29 26. 269 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARIT AL Age 15-44 Divorced! Unspecified SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 MADRAS STATE TOTAL 24,511 95,592 12,679 25,032 111 60 1. Adi-Andhra 88 330 24 53 2. Adi-Dravida 5,650 28,467 2,295 5,295 9 10 ·3. Adi-Karnataka 28 157 21 78 4. Arunthathiyar 353 1,386 181 466 1 5. Ayyanavar 12 6 5 6. Baira 7. Bakuda 8. Bandi 9. Bharatar 5 10. Chakkiliyan 2,589 9,869 2,100 4,794 24 9 11. Chalavadi 12. Chamar or Muchi 13. Chandala 14. Cheruman 12 18 7 12 15. Devendra Kulathan 72 217 40 85 16. Dom, Dombara, l!aidi or Pano 11 22 6 14 17. Domban 18. Godda 19. Gollftngi 29. Holeya 12 29 4 6 21. Jaggali 22. Jambuvulu 23. Kadaiyan 8 23 .2 24. Kakkalan 25. Kalladi 1 26. Kanakkan or Padannll 5 1 270 ST A TUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ Never Total Divorced! Married Married Widowed Separated SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 498.985 459.151 6,420 2,994 422,:nO 201,091 66,252 248,358 3,979 6,688 1,460 1,009 38 167 1,173 555 244 280 5 7 1. 143,917 129,219 1,487 578 124,235 52,790 17,417 74,130 773 1,716 2. 934 634 10 4 830 266 82 352 12 12 3. 7,874 6.397 136 87 6,812 2,881 869 3,312 57 117 4. 61 47 :3 3 51 22 7 21 5. 19 7 18 3 4 6. 3 5 3 2 2 7. 3 3 3 2 8. 29 32 23 15 5 17 9. 59,726 54,ll2 704 478 52,053 28,082 6,494 24,710 472 840 10. 11. 2 2 2 12. 13. 167 86 10 146 49 8 36 3 14. 1,187 1,354 7 3 992 566 180 768 7 17 15. 140 ,~ " 120 5 110 58 23 60 2 2 16. 17. 18 • 3 22 3 10 12 . 19. 179 155 6 3 149 60 16 89 8 3 .20. .21~ 2 2 ~2. 133 156 2 106 67 25 84- 4 23. g ,-"",_. 3 24. 12 7 5 25. 8 11 7 8 3 .26, 271 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARIT AL Age 45 + Age not stated S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Unspecified Total Never Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 MADRAS STATE TOTAL 24 20 297 142 63 1. Adi-Andhra 1 2. Adi-Dravida 5 5 19 1.5 3 Adi-Karnataka 4. Arunthathiyar 2 1 5. Ayyanavar 6. Baira 7. Bakuda 8. Bandi 9. Bharatar 10. Chakkiliyan 2 15 16 4 4 11. Chalavadi 12. Cham!lr or Muchi 13. Chandala 14. Cheruman 15. Devendra Kulathan 16. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 1 17. Domban 18. Godda 19. Gosangi 20. Holeya - 21. Jaggali 22. Jambuvulu 23. Kadaiyan 24. Kakkalan - 25. Kalladi - 26. Kanakkan or Padanna 272 STATVS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated DivorcedJ Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status Males Females lI,1ales Females Males Females Males Females SI. No. 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 186 63 42 16 6 1 1 1. 28 5 1 2. 3. 2 4. 5. 6. 7, 8. 9. 9 10 2 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22 23. - 24~ .... - 25. 26. 273 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITA L Total Never SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Married Per~on~ Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 MADRAS STATE 27. Kavara 252 103 149 59 88 2B. Koliyan '>,680 2.738 2,942 1,485 1,193 29. Kootan (Koodan) 49 23 26 22 13 30. Kudumban 247,822 123,018 124,804 64,301 51,927 31. Kuravan, Sidhanar 72,470 39.360 39.110 20,033 15,85:1 32. Madari 60,015 30,094 29,921 16,066 12,866 33. Madiga 3,198 1,620 J,578 875 661 34. Maila 35. Mala 2,060 1,023 1,037 547 421 36. Mannan 16 7 y () 5 37. Mavilan 196 81 115 35 62 38. Moger 13 1::1 7 39. Mundala 4 4 2 40. Nalakeyava 2 2 41. Nayadi 107 45 62 27 25 42. Pagadai 19,299 9,678 9,621 4,951 4,OBt 43. PaHan 950,266 473,322 476.944 ?49,6f)q 200,237 44. PaHuvan 45. Pambada 12 6 6 4 4 46. Panan 182 88 94 45 37 47. Panchama 278 106 172 () 72 274 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0-14 Divorced I Unspecified Total Sl. No. Married Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 IO 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 41 45 3 14 2 42 82 27. 1,147 i,313 39 417 17 19 943 997 28. 12 16 14 29. 52,754 55,924 4,358 15,158 1,102 1,789 3 6 45,619 44,330 30. 17,643 18.534 1,303 4,202 376 520 5 15,152 14,811 31. 13,053 13,798 749 2,734- 226 522 11,948 11,438 32. 686 753 59 148 16 681 639 33. 34, 442 t80 34 131 5 400 404 35. 3 6 5 36. 42 41 4 11 21 51 S7. 6 7 38. 2 2 39. 40• 17 32 .5 24- 22 41. 4,338 4,445 296 966 92 129 3,672 3,620 42. 203,322 214,036 16,486 56,496 3,835 6,162 10 13 177,424 174,826 43. t 44. 2 2 3 3 45. 39 40 4 9 8 28 50 46. 10 82 5 18 58 70 .7. 275 seT II pART A AGE AND MA.RITAL Age 0-14 Never Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females W 19 20 21 22 23 MADRAS STATE 27. Kavara 42 74 2 6 28. Koliyan 943 994 3 29. Kootan (Koodan) 16 11 2 30. Kudumban 45,576 44,213 42 115 31. Kuravan, Sidhanar 15,111 14,527 35 27'1 2 3 32. Madari 11,929 1l,344 19 89 33 Madiga 678 628 3 11 34. Maila 35. Mala 400 400 4 36. Mannan 6 5 37. Mavilan 21 51 38. Moger 7 39. Mundala 2 40. Nalakeyava 41. Nayadi 23 22 42. Pagadai 3,667 3,589 5 28 2 43. Pallan 176,993 173,606 429 1,193 5 44. Palluvan 1 45. Pambada 3 3 4G. Panan 28 30 9 3 47. Panchama 58 67 ~ 276 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Divorced/ Unspecified Never Separated Status Total Married Married SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 46 57 17 14 28 38 27. 1,300 1,405 535 196 733 1,105 28. 7 12 6 2 10 29. 55,993 59,315 18,456 7,649 35,469 46,396 30. 2 4 2 17,242 17,Q35 4,814 1,271 11,733 15,221 31. 5 13,651 14,411 4,072 1,496 9,144 11,720 32. 688 704 195 33 480 622 33. 34. 439 433 147 20 285 388 35. 36. 41 51 14 11 27 37 37. 5 5 38. 39. 40. 11 33 4 3 7 26 41. 4,454 4,572 1,272 481 3,002 3,729 42. 16 2 6 216,083 225,701 71,729 26,183 136,873 179,468 43. 44. 2 2 1 1 45. 8 35 42 16 7 19 29 46. 22 65 2 5 18 60 47. 277 seT II PART A AGE AND MARlT AL Age 15-44 Divorced! UnsJ.!eciflt:d Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34- 35 36 37 38 39 MADRAS STATE 27. Kavara 3 2 28. Koliyan 20 90 12 14 29. l~otan (Koodan) 30. Kudumban 1,214 3,860 1>51 1,405 3 5 31. Kur"van, Sidhanar .J12 1,O4:! 2UI -leVa 2 32. Madari 250 792 185 +02 33. Madiga 13 39 10 34. Maila 35. Mala 7 21 4 36. Mannan 37. Mavilan 2 1 38. Moger 39. Mundala 40. Nalakeyava 41. Nayadi 4 42. Pagadai 107 262 73 100 43. Pallan 4,574 15,243 2,906 4,803 6 4 44. Palluvan 45. Pambada 46. Pan an 6 47. Panchama 2 278 • ST A TUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 4-5+ _--- .-----. Never Divorced/ Total Married Widowed 51. No. Married Separated Males Fcmales Males Females Males Femalcs Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 43 49 lS 10 13 5 2 5 27. 495 540 7 3 414 205 69 327 5 5 28. 29. 21,401 21,ISt 268 63 17,241 9,407 3,642 11,298 250 383 30. 6,957 6,355 103 52 5,272 3,033 888 3,154 93 116 31. 4,495 4,072 65 26 3,890 1,989 499 1,942 4l 115 32. 251 235 2 203 120 46 109 6 33. 34. 184 199 157 87 27 110 3S. g 2 36. 19 13 15 4- 4 9 37. 3B. 2 2 39. 40. 10 7 9 6 41. 1,551 1,428 12 11 1,331 688 188 701 19 28 42. 79,765 76,403 937 445 65,997 33,366 11,902 41,246 927 1,343 4-3. 44. 45. 25 2 20 2 4 46. 26 37 22 19 3 18 47. 279 SCT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Unspecified Total Never Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 MADRAS STATE 27. Kavara 28. Koliyan 29. Kootan (Koodan) 30. Kudumban 5 8 2 31. Kuravan, Sidhanar 9 9 5 3 32. Madari 33. Madiga 34. Maila 35. Mala 1 36. Mannan 37. Mavilan 38. Moger 39. Mundala 40. Nalakeyava 41. Nayadi 42. Pagadai 1 43. Pallan 2 3 45 14 10 3 44. Palluvan 45. Pambada 46. Panan 47. Panchama 280 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated Divorced/ Married Widowed Unspecified Separated Status Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 27. 28. 29. 2 6 30. 3 3 3 31 32. 33. 34 .. 35. 36. 37. 3B. 39. 40. 41. 42. 23 9 10 2 2 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 281 36 SCT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Total SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 .'3 4 5 6 7 MADRAS STATE 48. Pannadi 10,745 5,389 5,356 2,985 2,271 49. Panniandi 642 344 298 209 154 50. Paraiyan, Pal"ayan (Sambavar) 1,513,627 758,129 755,498 408,270 319,559 51. Paravan 1,550 810 740 480 387 52. Pathiyan 30 18 12 10 3 53. Pulayan or Cheramar 907 443 464 276 249 54. Puthirai Vannan 9,696 4,914- 4,782 2,534 2,057 55. Samagara 19 9 10 5 2 56. Samban 136,818 68,607 68,211 33,S:? I 26,431 57. Semman 176 76 100 36 43 58. Thandan 1,105 533 572 313 293 59. Thoti 41,129 20,677 20,452 10,866 8,601 60. Tiruvalluvar 10,077 4,738 5,339 2,358 2,101 61. Draly'. 385 172 213 123 112 62. Valluvan 62,450 31,312 31,138 17,074 13,376 63. Vannan 3,383 1,666 1,717 903 824 64. Velan B 8 8 65. Vetan 630 329 301 201 145 66. Vettiyan 3,541 1,767 1,774 880 633 67. Vettuvan 141 61 80 27 36 68. Unclassified 205,430 104,150 101,280 56,946 43,708 26~ stAtus FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0 -14 Divorced/ Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status Total 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2,186 2,357 171 640 47 87 2,087 1,967 48. 129 121 4 19 2 4 170 145 49. 320,866 338,517 25,126 90,543 3,781 6,837 86 42 295,324 285,629 50. 307 258 19 87 4 8 355 307 51. 8 7 2 10 3 52. 151 166 12 37 4 12 202 216 53. 2,133 2,138 196 541 51 46 1,849 1,784 54. 4 7 5 55. 32,084 32,832 2,381 8,357 320 591 24,170 23,425 56. 39 44 9 4 27 39 57. 209 202 10 73 4 193 233 58. 8,996 9,340 695 2,267 120 244 8,125 8,030 59. 2,200 2,438 153 741 27 59 1,603 1,892 60. 49 72 19 110 95 92 61. 13,045 13,377 1,041 4,073 150 312 2 11,893 11,699 62. 698 706 48 167 17 19 639 690 63. 8 64. 118 124 8 30 2 2 133 III 65. 822 904 52 214 13 23 584 555 66. 34 35 8 16 32 67. 43,890 45,295 2,848 11,435 465 S36 6 39,868 39,314 68. 283 seT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 0- 14 Never Married Widowed SI.N0. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 MADRAS STATE 48. Pannadi 2,084 1,961 3 6 49. Panniandi 168 143 2 2 50. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 294,712 283,350 543 2,226 53 13 51. Paravan 353 302 2 4 52. Pathiyan 10 3 53. Pulayan or Cheramar 202 212 4 54. Puthirai Vannan 1,847 1,778 2 6 55. Samagara 5 56. Samban 24,159 23,354 11 71 57. Semman 27 39 58. Thandan 193 233 59. Thoti 8,095 7,898 29 128 1 . 60. Tiruvalluvar 1,601 1,855 2 36 61. Uraly 95 92 62. Valluvan 11,872 11,582 20 110 3 63. Vannan 639 689 64. Velan B - 65. Vetan 133 111 66. Vettiyan 584 553 2 67. .'!ettuvan 16 32 68. U nclassificJ 39,742 38,969 113 332 7 6 284 ST A TUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Divorced! Unspecified Never Separated Status Total Married Married 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 2,445 2,552 886 309 1,480 2,011 48. 131 121 40 11 89 103 49. 3 35 13 5 335,575 351,602 111,503 35,310 214,445 285,268 50. 1 335 314 127 85 202 199 51. 7 6 7 6 52. 187 193 74 37 106 139 53. 2,175 2,232 678 274 1,392 1,766 54. 4 9 4 7 55. 32,776 34,266 9,598 3,068 22,217 28,504 56. 34 42 8 4 26 34 57. 248 250 119 60 126 162 58. 3 9,183 9,489 2,703 689 6,150 7,993 59. 2,263 2,521 728 244 1,477 2,039 60. 54 86 28 20 26 55 61. 4 13,512 13,975 5,094 1,749 8,016 10,917 62. 1 738 733 261 135 452 551 63. 64. 127 127 67 34 60 89 65. 920 914 294 79 600 760 66 33 31 11 4 22 26 61. 6 3 4 47,946 47,304 16,918 4,612 29,830 38,638 68. 5cT il P ARt A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced/ Unspecified Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 MADRAS STATE 48. Pannadi 46 162 33 69 49. Panniandi 4 3 50. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 6,765 25,640 2,7!:19 5,355 63 29 51. Paravan 3 24 3 G 52. Pathiyan 53. Pulayan or Cheramar 5 8 2 9 54. Puthirai Vannan 66 159 39 33 55. Samagara 1 56. Samban 714 2,237 246 477 57. Semman 3 58. Thandan 3 25 3 59. Thoti 241 638 89 169 60 Tiruvalluvar 39 198 19 40 61. Uraly 2. 9 62. Valluvan 293 1,074 107 235 2 63. Vannan 12 33 13 14 64. Velan ·65. Vetan 2 2 66. Vettiyan 16 57 10 18 -67. Vettuvan 1 .68. Unclassified 870 3,419 328 635 286 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Never Total Divorced I Married Married Widowed Separated S1. No. Maif':s Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 4B 49 B57 837 15 703 340 125 478 14 18 48. 43 32 38 16 3 15 49. 127,112 llB,233 2,036 8BO 105,804- 51,012 J8,284 64,887 978 J,446 50. 120 119 103 55 16 63 5l. 3 2 52. 54 55 45 23 7 29 2 3 53. 889 766 9 5 738 366 130 382 12 13 54 55 11,659 10,500 64 9 9,855 4,257 1,666 6,120 74 114 56. 14 19 13 10 8 57. 92 89 83 40 7 48 58. 3,365 2,926 65 14 2,816 1,215 453 1,625 31 72 59. 869 926 29 2 718 363 114 543 8 IB 60. 23 35 23 17 17 61. 5,898 5,463 108 45 5,001 2,34-9 746 2,996 43 73 62. 274- 294- 3 232 155 36 J34 3 5 63. 64. 69 63 1 58 35 8 28 2 65. 263 305 2 1 222 142 36 157 3 5 6G, 12 17 J2 9 8 67. 16,3J2 14,633 281 112 13,930 6,312 1,969 8,009 131 198 6G, ~67 SCT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated Never SI. No. Unspecified Name of Scheduled Caste Status Total Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 MADRAS STATE 48. Pannadi 49. Panniandi 50. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 10 8 118 34 19 19 51. Paravan 52. Pathiyan 53. Pulayan or Cheramar 54. Puthirai Vannan 1 55. Samagara 56. Samban 2 57. Semman 1 58. Thandan 59. Thoti 4 7 3 60. Tiruvalluvar 3 61. Uraly 62. Valluvan 9 63. Vannan 15 64. Velan 65. Vetan 66. Vettiyan 67. Vettuvan 68. Unclassified 2 24- 29 5 15 286 5T ATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated Divorced! Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status SI.No. Males Females Malcs Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 48. 49. 74 11 24 3 50. 51. 52. 53. 1 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. I 4- 3 59. 3 60. 61. Il 62. 14 63. 64. 65. 66. 67, 17 13 2 6B. 289 il7 seT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Tou SI. No. Name of Sch"duled Caste Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 MADRAS DISTRICT TOTAL 214,103 110,588 1['3,515 61,036 49,555 Adi-Andhra 9,621 5,039 4,582 2,607 1,858 2. Adi·DwviJa 146,543 76,115 70,428 42,762 35,050 3. Adi·Karnalaka 2 4. Arunthathiyu 3,995 2,165 1,830 1,137 952 5. Bakuda 2 2 6. Chakkiliyan 2,330 1,100 1,230 573 294 7. Chamar or Muchi 7 4 3 2 8. Cheruman 9. Dcvt'ndm K ulathan 12 10 2 8 10. D01TI, Dornhar.1, Paidi or Pano 112 54 58 38 35 11. Holeya 7 5 2 5 2 12. KaJladi 2 2 2 13. Kudumban 206 73 133 31 48 14 Kuro.van; Sidhanar 1,919 8:.(4 1,095 391 391 15 Madari 7 7 2 16. Madiga 427 222 205 98 98 17. Mala 70 52 18 21 4 18. lVfavilan 19. Mundala 4 4 2 20. Nayadi 3 3 21. Pallan 380 216 164 147 72 22. Pambada 23. P"ndlama 2 2 24. Paraiyan. Parayan (Sambavar) 10,485 5,549 4,936 3,024 2,042 ::5. Puthirai Vannan 79 25 54 21 30 ~6. Samban 6 6 27. Thati 2,676 1,254 1,422 608 542 28. Tiruvalluvar 145 58 87 29 37 29. Valluvan 630 311 319 180 168 30. Vnclassifif'd 34,428 17,505 16,923 9,350 7,923 ~90 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0-14 ------" _------~--- Unspecified Married Widowed Divorced I Total Separated Status S1. No. l\lales Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 46,563 42,056 2,602 11,131 387 773 40,392 42,199 2,255 2,512 164 185 13 27 1,819 1,571 1. 31,517 27,323 1,608 7,545 228 510 28,711 29,447 2. 3. 938 525 86 300 4 53 703 886 4. 5. 489 791 29 139 9 6 382 208 6. 2 2 7. 8. 2 9. 9 19 7 :;I 33 36 10. 4 2 II. 12. 41 65 20 11 33 13. 402 501 22 188 9 15 288 361 14. 4 15. 120 90 4 16 68 94 16. 29 13 2 13 4 17. 18. 2 2 19. 2 20. 66 80 2 12 7'~ 63 21. 22. 23. 2,372 2,332 134 532 19 30 1,883 1,325 24. 4 14 10 19 25 25. 5 26. 582 630 58 222 6 28 441 477 27. 29 43 7 12 30 28. 116 ll3 14 37 80 135 29. 7,588 6,989 470 1,910 97 101 5,849 6,996 30. 291 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 0-14 SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Never Married Ma~ried Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 MADRAS DISTRICT TOTAL 40,376 42,003 16 196 1. Adi-Andhra 1,817 1,561 2 10 2. Adi-Dravida 28,706 29,323 5 124 3. Adi-Kamataka 4. Arunthathiyar 703 878 8 5. Bakuda 6. Chakkiliyan 382 204 4 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 9. Devendm Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 33 34 2 11. Holeya 4 2 12. Kalladi 13. Kudumban 11 33 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 288 357 4 15. Madari 16. Madiga 68 94 17. Mala 13 4 18. Mavilan 19. IVIundala 2 20. Nayadi 2l. Pall an 73 62 1 22. Pambada 23. Panchama 24. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 1,881 1,812 2 13 25. Puthirai Van nan 19 24 26. Samban 27. Thoti 440 474 3 28. Tiruvalluvar 12 30 29. Valluvan 80 134 30, Unclassified 5,843 6,971 6 25 292 StATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES age 0-14 Age 15-44 Never Divorced I Unspecified Total Married Separated Status Married Females Males Females 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males 32 33 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 55,769 48,760 20,4%0 7,%76 34,34% 37,491 2,529 2,546 770 138 1,695 2,204 1. 37,698 32,438 13,909 5,626 23,206 24,227 2. 3. 1,150 635 424 73 703 435 4. 5. 543 894 189 90 338 739 6. 3 2 7. 8. 7 7 9. 20 18 4 9 16 10. 11. 2 2 12. 39 70 18 15 21 52 13. 419 549 102 33 303 438 14. 6 2 4- 15. 125 95 30 4 93 85 16. 35 12 8 26 12 17. 18. 19. 2 .... 2 20. 114- 78 72 10 39 68 21. 22. 1 23. 2,983 2,496 1,126 229 1,809 2,109 24. 5 21 2 6 3 12 25. 5 4 26. 629 739 167 67 434 583 27. 37 46 17 7 20 39 28. 170 139 98 33 69 94 29. 9,257 7,967 3,472 941 5,571 6,364 30. 293 seT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 si. No. Name of Scheduled Caste 41 Widowed Divorced/ UmpecifJed Separated Status Males Females l\Ia!t:s Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 MADRAS DISTRICT TOTAL 787 3,434 220 559 1. Adi-Andhra 52 177 IZ 27 2. Adi-Dravida 464 2,201 119 384 3. Adi-Karnataka 4. Arunthathiyar 20 110 3 17 5. Bakuda 6. Chakkili yan 9 60 7 5 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 9. Devendra Kulathan 10_ Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 7 11. Holeya 12. Kalladi 13. Kudumban 3 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar fl 68 6 10 15. Madari 16. Madiga 2 5 17. Mala 18. Mavilan 19. Mundala 20. Nayadi 21. Pallan 2 22. Pambada 23. Panchama 24. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sarnbavar) 36 139 12 19 25. Puthirai Vannan 3 26. Samban 27. Thoti 25 72 3 17 28. Tiruvalluvar 29. Valluvan 2 11 30. Unclassified 158 585 56 77 294 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ Divorced! Never Widowed SI.No. Total Married Married Separated Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44- 45 46 47 48 49 14,424 12,555 238 275 12,204 4,369 1,815 7,697 167 214 69\ 464 20 158 558 298 112 S 1. 9,704 3,543 146 101 8,305 2,972 1,144 5,344 109 126 2. 3. 312 309 10 235 82 66 190 '36 4. 5. 175 128 2 151 48 20 79 2 6. 2 7. B. 2 2 9. 4 3 10. 1l. 12. 23 30 2 20 13 17 l3. 117 185 99 59 14 120 3 5 14. 15. 29 16 27 5 2 11 16. 4 2 3 1 1 17. 18. 2 2 19. 20. 29 23 2 27 11 12 21. 22. 23. 683 615 17 561 210 98 393 7 11 24. 8 7 25. 1 26. 184 206 147 44 33 150 3 II 27. 9 11 9 4 7 28. 61 45 2 47 18 12 26 29. 2,398 1,960 34 11 2,011 600 312 1,325 41 24 '10. 295 SCT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated Unspecified Total Never Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Femalei 50 51 52 53 54 55 MADRAS DISTRICT TOTAL 3 1 2 1 I. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 2 3. Adi-Karnataka 4. Arunthathiyar 5. Bakuda 6. Chakkiliyan 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 9. Devendra Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 11. Holeya 12. Kalladi 13. Kudumban 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 15. Madari 16. Madiga 17. Mala, 18. Mavilan 19. Mundala 20. Nayadi 21. Pallan 22. Pambada 23. Panchama 24. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 25. Puthirai Vannan 26. Samban 27. Thoti 28. Tiruvalluvar 29. Valluvan - 30. Unclassified 296 ST ATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated DivorcedJ Married Widowed Unspecified Separated Status SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 1 1. 2. 3 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. .... 23 • 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. ... SO, 297 38 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Total SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never l\{arried Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT TOTAL 616,640 314,842 301,798 171,931 129,255 A.di-Andhra 6,712 3,418 3,294 1,860 1,453 2. Adi-Dravida 490,785 250,854 239,931 137,530 103,260 3. Adi-Karnataka 114 49 65 22 26 4. Arunthathiyar 2,832 1,426 1,406 819 575 5. naira 11 10 1 9 6. Chakkiliyan 9,776 4,992 4,784 2,742 1,924 7. Chalavadi 8. Cheruman 31 19 12 14 6 9. Devendra Kulathan 9 9 8 1n. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 217 105 112 64 46 11. Kadaiyan 4 4 12. Kudumban 22 9 13 3 5 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 3,508 1,812 1,696 890 653 14- Madari 17 7 10 3 15. Madiga 13 5 8 3 5 16. Pallan 2,603 1,338 1,265 728 601 17. Panchama 18. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 58,997 30,078 28,919 16,354 12,389 19. Puthirai Vannan 155 73 82 41 45 20. Samban 190 141 49 36 6 /' 21. Thoti 3,9#7 2,109 1,798 1,103 672 22. Tiruvalluvar 169 87 82 46 27 23 Valluvan 3,358 1,719 1,639 925 677 24. Unclassified 33,203 [I), ') 77 16,631 8,732 6,882 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 620,703 310791 309,912 176,352 134,963 Adi-Andhra 795 385 410 198 EO 2_ Adi-Dravida 454,392 226,712 227,680 129,942 99,348 3 Arunthathiyar 38,945 20,011 18,934 11,070 8,265 298 126,684 134,472 7,484 36,945 1,259 3,526 12 6 129,374 125,839 173 173 13 44 3 161 166 1. 90,591 97,910 5,353 27,772 818 2,645 8 5 95,434 92,290 2. 8,398 8,578 459 1,890 84 201 8,226 7,849 3. 299 seT II PART A AGE AND MARITAL Age 0-14 SI.No. Never Married Widowed Name of Scheduled Castc Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT TOTAL 121,423 118,150 228 1,048 3 6 1. Adi-Andhra 1,381 1,363 5 25 2. Adi-Dravida 96,982 94,340 142 770 5 3. Adi-Karnataka 16 24· I 4. Arunthathiyar 588 531 3 13 5. Baira 9 6. Chakkiliyan 1,934 1,796 10 40 7. Chalavadi 8. Cheruman 7 5 9. Devendra Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi orPano 43 46 11. Kadaiyan 12. Kudumban 3 4 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 653 603 2 20 2 14. Madari 3 15. Madiga 3 4- 16. Pallan 486 546 2 17. Panchama 18. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 11,666 11,329 37 94 19. Puthirai Vannan 28 43 20. Samban 4 4 21. Thoti 802 605 14 22. Tiruvalluvar 29 23 23. Valluvan 605 598 6 24. Unclassified 6,182 6,283 25 64 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 129,214 122,454 154 3,340 3 16 I. Adi-Andhra 150 166 11 2. Adi-Dravida 95,340 89,451 93 2,814 7 3. Aruntha thiyal 8,219 7,709 7 133 5 300 S'rA rus FOR .SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15--44 Divorced/ Unspecified Total Never Separated Status Married Married SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 12 18 141,852 138,496 49,773 10,913 89,541 116,602 1 1,428 1,480 461 82 923 1,264 1. 10 17 113,110 lID,058 40,125 8,819 71,133 92,633 2. 16 29 6 2 10 24 3, 608 630 203 38 396 539 4. 5. 2,153 2,217 751 121 1,351 1,868 6. 7. 4- 6 2 2 5 8. 8 7 9. 48 48 20 27 44 10. CI!;l'9 3 2 11. 6 6 6 3 12. 786 773 223 38 545 684 13. - 3 4 3 4 14. 2 3 2 2 15. 655 560 241 55 398 458 16. 17. 13,405 13,173 4,555 1,024 8,479 11,088 18. ... 31 25 13 2 18 22 19 • 101 39 32 2 68 29 20. 970 680 285 61 654 735 21. '" 45 38 16 :3 28 29 22. ... 782 725 318 78 448 584 23 • 7,688 7,800 2,514- 585 5,053 6,586 24. 29 3 130,240 137,013 46,629 12,304 80,816 112,049 149 188 48 23 99 147 1. 18 1 94,533 100,831 34,388 9,770 58,305 81,544 2. 2 8,430 8,398 2,816 524 5,432 7,202 3. aOl seT II PART A AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 Unspecified Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Divorced! Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT TOTAL 1,916 9,711 616 1,266 4 1. Adi-Andhra 34 117 10 17 2. Adi-Dravida 1,366 7,604 486- 999 3 3. Adi-Karnataka 3 4. Arunthathiyar 8 46 7 5. Baira 6. Chakkiliyan 33 186 18 42 7. Chalavadi 8. Cheruman 9. Dcvendra Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 3 11. Kadaiyan 12. Kudumban 2 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 11 45 7 5 14. Madari 15. Madiga 16. Pallan 9 42 7 5 17. Panchama 18. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 308 942 63 119 19. Puthirai Vannan 20. Samban 5 3 21. Thoti 23 74 8 10 22. Tiruvalluvar 6 23. VaJluvan 14 48 2 15 2+. Unclassified 108 586 13 43 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 1,763 10,049 964 2,606 8 5 1. Adi-Andhra 18 2. Adi-Dravida 1,204 7,623 630 1,890 6 4 3. Arunthathiyar 114 513 68 159 302 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ TotaJ,. Never Married Widowed Divorced! Married Separated Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 ,1,306 44,080 727 190 44,464 18,545 5,912 25,031 202 293 604 425 18 8 474 190 109 223 3 4 I. 40,616 34,728 421 99 35,360 11,434 4,689 19,9GB 145 226 2. 17 12 16 4 8 3. 232 28 6 113 227 179 20 III 2 4. 5. 731 57 320 895 7 741 91 401 6 3 6. 7. 5 8 3 8. 9. 14 18 B 13 10 10. 11. 3 3 12. 298 12 HI 364 12 305 45 143 '2 2 13. 4 3 4 2 14. I 15. 76 195 157 173 :II 81 16. 17. 1,878 4,968 4,321 131 36 4,280 523 2,384 34 23 18. 7 14 13 11 3 6 19. 36 4 6 35 2 20. 128 334 296 14 6 269 48 161 3 21. 9 21 9 B 11 22. 332 310 133 2 277 50 171 3 5 23. 2,667 2,484 36 14 2,314 1,098 311 1,345 6 27 24. 51,166 47,046 504 197 44,648 19,079 5,718 26,878 295 891 75 56 63 26 12 26 3 1. 36,738 34,550 211 121 32,189 13,549 4,149 20,142 188 737 2. 3,355 2,686 35 31 2,959 1,243 345 1,372 16 40 3. 303 seT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated SI.No. Name of Scheduled Caste Unspecified Never Status Total Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT TOTAL 1 1 30 8 8 2 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 3 3 2 2 3. Adi-Karnataka 4. Arunthathiyar 5. Baira 6. Chakkiliyan 7. Chalavadi 8. Cheruman - 9_ Devendra Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, paidi orPano 11. Kadaiyan 12. Kudumban 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 5 2 2 14. Madari 15. Madiga 16. Pallan 17. Panchama 18. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 2 2 19. Puthirai Vannan 20. Samban 21. Thoti 2 3 2 22. Tiruvalluvar 3 23. Valluvan 24. Unclassified 15 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 1 1 11 14 5 8 I. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 7 9 3 6 3. Arun thathi yar 1 I 304 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated Divorced/ Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 20 3 2 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 2 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 2 21. 3 22. 23. 14 24. 6 4 2 1. 4 3 2. 3. 305 3~ SCT II PART A - AGE AND,\ MARITAL Total Never SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Married Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 ti 1 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT 4. Baira 94 45 49 35 24 5, Bandi 2 2 6. Chakkiliyan 16.577 8,260 8,317 4,632 3,644- 7. Chamar or Muehi 3 3 8, Cheruman 182 78 104 33 44 9. Devendra Kulathan 4- 3 3 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 266 189 77 106 36 11. Gosangi 24 17 7 11 3 12. Jaggali 1 1 13. Jambuvulu 10 8 2 7 14. Kadaiyan. 5 1 4- 2 15. Kudumban 4,727 2,437 2,290 1,328 954 16. Kuravan, Sidhanar 13,377 6,621 6,756 3,379 2,817 17. Madari 4- 2 2 2 18. Madiga 73 36 37 16 14- 19. Mala" 20. Mavilan" 2 2 2 21. Nayadi 26 7 19 2 9 22. Pagadai / 1 1 - 23. Pallan 166 84 82 52 32 24. Pambada 1 25. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 43,653 21,656 21,997 12,166 9,576 26. Puthirai Vannan 557 287 270 181 111 27. Semman, 2 2 28. Thoti 11,912 5,945 5,967 3,206 2,517 29. Tiruvalluvar 4,304 1,875 2,429 1,019 1,021 30. Valluvan 6,568 3,529 3,039 2,013 1,358 31. Unclassified 24.029 12,591 11,438 6,944 4,99(? ~., STA TOS FOR SCHEDULED CAstES Population Age 0-14 Married Widowed Divorced! Unspecified Total Separated Status Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 10 20 5 28 23 4. 1 5. 3,389 3,762 197 814 40 97 2 3,455 3,458 6. 2 7. 41 49 4 10 1 25 40 8. 1 3 9. 70 28 11 11 2 2 90 33 10. 6 4 8 2 11. 1 12. 1 2 6 13. 1 2 2 14. 1,007 1,035 66 271 36 30 981 929 15. 2,963 3,119 226 731 53 89 2,571 2,744 16- 1 2 17. 19 22 10 13 18. 19. 2 20. 5 10 3 9 21. ... 22 • 31 46 4 41 31 23. 24. 8,919 9,635 470 2,547 99 258 ! 8,810 8,962 25. 97 114 7 43 2 2 156 107 26. 2 27. 2,532 2,666 175 713 32 71 2,424 2,458 28. 770 1,043 71 338 15 27 716 925 29. 1,386 1,263 1M- 383 26 35 1,378 1,219 30. 5,270 ",989 326 1,368 51 85 4,841 4,577 31. 807 1, seT II PART A -AGE AND MARITAl.. Age 0-14 Sl. No. Never Married Widowed Name of Scheduled Caste Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT 4. Baira 28 23 5. Bandi 1 6. Chakkili yan 3,446 3,407 7 47 2 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 25 40 9. Devendra Kulathan 3 10. Dam, Dombara Paidi or Pano 90 33 11. Gosangi 8 2 12. Jaggali 13. Jambuvulu 6 14. Kadaiyan 2 15. Kudumban 979 904 2 25 16. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2,567 2,693 4 50 17. Madari 2 1 18. Madiga 10 12 1 19. Mala 20. MavHan 2 21. Nayadi 2 9 22. Pagadai 23. Pall an 41 30 1 24. Pambada 25. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 8,797 8,828 13 130 26. Puthirai Yunnan 156 105 2 27. Semman 28. Thati 2,419 2,405 5 51 1 29. Tiruvalluvar 716 902 23 SO. Valluvan 1,378 1,208 10 31. U llclassified 4,827 4,523 11 53 3 308 STAtUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Never Divorced I Unspecified Total Married SI. No. Separated Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 32 33 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 11 19 6 5 17 4. 5. 3,152 6. 2 2 3,454 3,699 1,169 234 2,197 2 1 7. 39 52 8 4 29 43 8. 9. 54 34 15 3 36 26 10. 8 2 3 5 11. 12. 13. 2 2 14. 1,015 989 347 49 631 847 15. 2,883 2,950 805 122 1,957 2,592 16. 1 17. 19 21 6 2 12 18 18. 1 19. 20. 3 8 3 8 21. 22. 29 38 11 2 18 34 23. 24. 4 9,198 9,637 3,219 725 5,789 8,031 25. 87 116 23 6 59 97 26. 2 2 27. 1 2,449 2,526 763 111 1,618 2,199 28. 770 1.077 295 118 459 853 29. I 1,476 1,283 628 149 804 1,009 30. I 5,627 5,141 2,076 460 3,415 4,225 31. 809 seT II PART A - AGE ANI) MARItAL Age 15-44 SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced! Unspecified Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Femalea 34 35 36 37 38 39 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT 4. Baira 1 5. Bandi 6. Chakkiliyan 56 236 32 77 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 2 4 9. Devendra Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 1 4 2 11. Gosangi 12. Jaggali 13. Jambuvulu J4 Kadaiyan 15. Kudumban 20 69 17 24 16. Kuravan, Sidhanar 78 161 43 75 17. Madari 18. Mad!ga 1 19. Mala 20. Mavilan 21. Nayadi 22. Pagadai 23. Pallan 2 24. Pambada 25. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 111 670 77 210 2 26. Puthirai Vannan 3 11 2 2 27. Semman ... 28. Thoti 4:7 166 21 50 29. Tiruvalluvar 7 87 9 19 30. Valluvan 23 97 21 28 31. Unclassified 95 386 41 70 31Q. STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ Never Divorced I Total Married Married Widowed Separated SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 14 45 tQ 49 6 7 5 3 4 4. 5. 1,351 1,160 17 3 1,185 563 141 576 8 18 6. 1 7. 14 12 12 6 2 6 8. 9. 45 10 34 2 10 7 10. 3 3 11. 12. 1 2 2 13. I 14. 441 372 2 1 374 163 46 202 19 6 15. 1,167 1,058 7 1,002 476 148 567 10 14 16. 17. 7 3 7 3 18. 19. 20. 1 2 2 21. 22. 14 13 13 11 2 23. 24. 3,647 3,398 150 23 3,116 1,474 359 1,877 22 24 25. 44 47 2 38 15 4 32 26. 27. 1,071 983 23 909 416 128 546 11 20 28. 389 427 8 311 167 64 251 6 8 29. 675 537 7 582 244 81 286 5 6 30. 2,121 1,720 40 13 1,843 711 228 982 10 14 31. qH SCT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age nat stated Unspecified Never SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Status Total Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 S5 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT 4. Baira 5. Bandi 6. Chakkiliyan 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 9. Devendra Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 11. Gosangi 12. Jaggali 13. Jambuvulu 14. Kadaiyan 15. Kudumban 16. Kuravan, Sidhanar 4 1 17. Madari 18. Madiga - 19, Mala - 20, Mavilan 21. Nayadi 22. Pagadai 23. Pallan 24. Pambada 25. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) Puthirai Vannan - 26. - 27. Samban 28. Thoti 1 1 - 29. Tiruvalluvar - 30. VaUuvan - 31. Unclassified 2 Of· J - 8l~ STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated Married Widowed Divorcedl Unspecified Separated Status SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 4. 5. - 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 2 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 1 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 1 31. 313 40 SCT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Total SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4- 5 6 7 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAil 801,681 401,380 400,301 212,013 181,988 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 355,040 178,539 176,501 95,413 72,016 3. Arunthathiyar 5,405 2,855 2,550 1,534- 1,115 4. Baira 43 43 8 5. Chakkiliyan 15,588 7;~31 7,857 4,086 3,339 6. Devendra Kulathan 2 7. Dom, Dombara, - Paidi or Pano 4 4 8. Gosangi. 4 4 9. Holeya 32 21 11 12 3 10. Kudumban 108 56 52 28 21 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 6,396 3,281 3,115 1,654 1,317 12. Madari 18 18 6 13. Madiga 28 13 15 5 6 14. Pagadai 52 24 28 II 13 15. Pallan 339 186 153 87 58 16. Pambada 7 4 3 2 1 17. Panchama/ 266 103 163 60 69 18. Panniandi 10 2 8 4 19. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 360,716 180,278 180,438 94,289 72,375 20. Puthirai Vannan 398 224 174 137 83 21. Samban 738 156 582 66 171 22. Semman/ 15 9 6 5 23. Thoti 6,477 3,204 3,273 1,603 1,370 24. Tiruvalluvar 3,055 1,213 1,842 548 650 25. Valluvan 13,493 6,911 6,582 3,657 2,637 26. Unclassified 33,446 16,507 16,939 8,800 6,718 SALEM DISTRICT TOTAL 552,484 279,767 272,717 155,967 123,808 1. Adi-Andhra 333 169 164- 98 82 Adi-Dravida 2. 54,923 27,953 26,970 15,843 12,0211 3~~ STAtOS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0-14- Divorced/ Unspecified Total SI. No. Married Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 174,643 187,588 13,155 48,034 1,567 2,702 2 11 155,410 154,070 1. 77,204 82,357 5,189 20,872 732 1,249 7 69,433 69,721 2. 1,208 1,147 92 266 21 22 1,171 1,050 3. 35 4. 3,380 3,642 226 801 39 75 3,084 3,114 5. - 6. 2 1 7. 3 8; 8 8 9 3 9, 26 23 1 6 2 28 19 10. 1,505 1,497 101 284 21 17 1,250 1,264 11. 12 12. 8 8 2 6 1~ 13 13 2 11 13 1•• 91 81 6 14 2 62 51 15. 2 2 1 16. 38 76 5 18 57 65 17. 2 1 1 4 18. 78,662 84,967 6,698 21,961 628 1,135 69.649 67,941 19. 80 61 7 30 105 78 20. 83 322 3 81 4 8 32 157 21. 4 5 4 22. 1,4-64 1,5f2 113 328 24 35 1,170 1,285 23. 627 893 33 284 5 15 363 597 24. 2,987 2,919 241 975 26 51 2,596 2,401 25. 7,204 8,019 439 2,105 64 93 4 6.382 6.301 26. 114,159 119,028 6,958 26,622 1,814 3,229 It 30 115,140 112.419 66 76 4 4 2 70 83 1. 11,255 11,962 713 2,705 142 275 11,682 11,257 2. 315 SeT II PART A AGE AND MARl'tAt. Age 0-14- Never 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 155,106 149,957 302 4,061 2 17 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 69,298 66,742 135 2,957 6 3. Arunthathiyar 1,170 1,034 1 16 4. Balra 5. Chakkiliyan 3,082 3,065 2 48 1 6. Devendra Kulathan 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 8. Gosangi 9. Holeya 9 3 10. Kudumban 21 19 6 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 1,248 1,226 2 38 12. Madari 13. Madiga 2 6 14. Pagadai 11 13 15. Pllllan 62 51 16. Pambada 17. Panchama 57 64- lB. Pannlandi 3 1 19. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 60,522 67,090 126 854 1 6 20. Puthirai Vannan 104 77 1 21. Samban 32 154- 3 22. Semman 4 23. Thoti 1,164 1,261 6 23 24. Tiruvalluvar 362 584 12 25. Valluvan 2,593 2,375 3 23 2 26. Unclassified 6,363 6,190 19 104- 2 SALEM DISTRICT TOTAL 114,916 111,407 208 977 1 8 1. Adi-Andbra 70 80 3 2. Adi-Drav!da 11,576 11,152 106 105 316 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 ----- Divorced! Unspecified Never Separated Status Total Married Married 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 30 5 175,811 185,981 56,282 11,716 115,111 158,604 1. 15 78,172 80,387 25,814 5,216 50,468 68,508 2. 1,216 J..153 363 80 803 986 3. 31 8 23 4. 3,297 643 992 242 2.208 3,104 5. 1 6. 4 2 7. 2 8. 8 8 3 5 8 9. 22 25 7 2 15 21 10. 1,448 1,406 393 87 1,000 1,240 11. 9 9 12. 9 9 3 6 8 13. 6 10 6 9 14. 86 85 25 7 61 74 15. 2 2 1 16. 20 61 2 5 16 56 17. ~ 18. 11 78,989 85,222 24,537 5,103 52,412 72,859 19. 88 64 33 6 53 49 20. 101 330 33 16 61 283 21. • 5 3 5 22. 1,507 1,564 426 106 1,021 1,349 23. 621 911 173 66 435 759 24. 2,884 2,965 1,053 260 1,758 2,397 25. 1 4 7,3.7 ',121 2,414- 518 4,746 6,883 26. 3 23 12 4 119,343 121,160 40,315 12,015 75,868 99,029 71 67 21 2 42 62 1. H.. 11,744 12,111 4,247 8M 7,236 10,281 2. 317 SCT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced/ Unspecified Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 3,235 13,522 1,242 2,136 1 3 1, Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 1,306 5,704 584 956 3 3. Arunthathiyar 34 68 16 19 4. Baira 5. Chakkiliyan 68 233 29 64 6. Devendra Kulathan 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 8. Gosangi 9. Holeya 10. Kudumban 2 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 37 63 18 16 12. Madari 13. Madiga 14. Pagadai 15. Pallan 2 4 16. Pambada 17. Panchama 2 18. Panniandi 1 19. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 1,538 6,353 501 907 1 20. Puthirai Vannan 2 9 21. Samban 3 23 4 8 22. Semman 23. Thoti 41 85 19 24 24. Tiruvalluvar 8 74 5 12 25. Valluvan 55 266 18 42 26. Unclassified 139 636 48 84- SALEM DISTRICT TOTAL 1,762 7,391 1,345 2,646 53 19 1. Adi-Andhra 2 2 Adi-Dravida 161 747 100 299 318 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ Total Never Divorced I Married Married Widowed Separated Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 70,063 60,212 613 273 59,206 24,908 9,91R 34,493 325 536 1. 30,910 26,388 295 56 26,583 10,891 3,883 15,161 148 278 2. 468 347 404 145 58 198 5 3 3. 12 12 4. 1,347 1,100 11 32 1,168 490 158 567 10 11 5. 6. 7. 2 2 8. 4 3 1 9. 6 8 5 2 6 10. 582 443 13 2 502 21,.9 64 221 3 1 11. 9 6 3 12. 2 2 13. 7 5 7 4- 14. 36 17 30 7 4 10 2 15. 16. 26 37 22 19 3 18 17. 18. 31,634 27,266 225 176 26,123 11,272 5,159 15,601 127 217 19. 31 32 26 11 5 21 20. 23 95 22 36 58 21. 1 22. 526 424 13 3 436 170 72 243 5 8 23. 229 334 13 191 122 25 210 2 24. 1,430 1,216 11 2 1,225 499 186 707 8 8 25. 2,778 2,495 23 2,439 1,020 300 1,467 16 () 26. 45,275 39,130 734 326 38,877 19,015 5,194 19,222 466 560 28 14 24 11 3 3 1. 4,527 3,602 20 22 3,913 1,576 552 1,958 42 46 2. SCT II PART A -AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated Unspecified Never 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Status Total Married, Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 1 2 36 38 12 20 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 2 24 5 6 2 3. Arunthathiyar 4. Baira 5. Chakkiliyan 3 1 6. Devendra Kulathan 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano B. Gosangi 9. Holeya 10. Kudumban 11. Kuravan, Sidhanar 1 2 2 12. Madari 13. Madiga 14. Pagadai 15. Pall an 16. Pambada 17. Panchama lB. Panniandi 19. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 6 9 5 6 20. Puthirai Vannan 21. Samban 22. Semman 23. Thoti 1 24. Tiruvalluvar 25. Valluvan 26. Unclassified 22 10 SALEM DISTRICT TOTAL 4 7 9 8 2 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 329 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated Unspecified Married Divorced I Widowed Separated Status SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 56 59 60 61 62 63 ~~ 24 15 2 1 1. Hl 1 1 2. 3, 4. 2 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. lL 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. .. , I7 . 18. 2 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 12 26. 6 1 1 1 1. 2, 321 4l seT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Total Never SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 SALEM DISTRICT 3. Adi Karnataka 1,432 727 705 404 292 4. Arunthathiyar 9,873 4,925 4,948 2,922 2,473 5. Bakuda 7 3 4 3 3 6. Chakkiliyan 169,034 85,528 83,506 47,008 38,094 7. Cheruman 8. Devendra Kulathan 178 74 104 34- 76 9. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 42 21 21 10 7 10. Holeya 799 452 347 252 141 11. Kalladi 5 3 2 12 Kudumban 679 361 318 142 119 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 10,690 5,571 5,119 2,928 2,124 14. Madari 125 56 69 23 34 15. Madiga 1,707 851 856 476 348 16. Mala 1,981 963 1,018 518 417 17. Mavilan 18. Moger 2 2 19. Pagadai 280 142 138 82 60 20. Pallan 41,801 20,983 20,818 11,453 9,092 21. Pannadi 837 348 489 185 212 22. Panniandi 219 124- 95 81 49 23. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 235,090 119,110 115,980 66,866 52,862 24. Puthirai Vannan 50 33 17 16 8 25. Thoti 4,969 2,525 2,444- 1,360 1,083 26. Tiruvalluvar 122 63 59 28 30 27. Valluvan 6,964 3,482 3,482 1,892 1,664 28. Unclassified 10,340 5,299 5,041 3,342 2,509 COIMBATORE DISTRICT TOTAL 532,992 269,665 263,327 147,118 119,030 1. Adi-Andhra 746 396 350 211 177 2. Adi-Dravida 15,620 8,009 7,611 4,457 3,447 822 set 1I PAkt A - ACE AND MARItAL Age 0-14 SI. No. Never Name of Scheduled Caste Married Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 SALEM DISTRICT 3. Adi-Karnataka 303 284 5 4. Arunthathiyar 2,158 2,320 10 5. Bakuda 3 3 6. Chakkiliyan 34,450 34,333 2. 219 7. Cheruman 8. Devendra Kulathan 17 76 9. Dom, Dombara, Paidi orPano 5 6 10. Holeya 171 132 2 II. Kalladi 12. Kudumban 117 113 3 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2,223 1,942 7 54 14. Madari 15 30 15. Madiga 368 341 3 16. Mala 386 396 4 17. Mavilan 18. Moger 19. Pagadai 61 53 20. Pallan 8,360 7,820 5 39 21. Pannadi 131 195 2 3 22. Panniandi 66 47 2 23. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 49,416 47,309 51 471 '1. 24. Puthirai Vannan 3 8 25. Thoti 1,007 1,030 2 13 ~ .~. 26. Tiruvalluvar 17 26 27. VaJIuvan 1,352 1,429 6 9 28. Unclassified 2,617 2,304 2 3f 3 COIMBATORE DISTRICT TOTAL 108,036 105,600 243 1,455 54 66 1. Adi-Andhra 164 159 2 2. Adi-Dravida 3,330 3,168 56 1 824. STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 15-44 Age 0-14 Never Married SI.No. Divorced/ Unspecified Total Married Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Male& Females 32 33 28 29 30 31 24 25 .26 27 192 266 3. 297 310 99 8 1,299 1,86B 4. 2,091 2,164 760 137 5. 37,B13 12,411 3,727 24,735 31,203 6. 5 38,000 7. 14 B. 50 15 17 31 12 9. 13 14 5 7 108 133 10. 192 152 75 6 2 1 2 11. 120 170 149 24 6 138 12. 1,586 1,895 13. 2,356 2,265 683 176 2 1 2 24 14. 31 32 8 4 23 325 15. 337 359 106 7 223 376 397 421 132 20 259 16. 17. 2 2 18. 62 69 21 7 40 55 19. 7,321 9,048 9,433 3,052 1,238 5,558 20. 174 227 54 17 116 181 21. 36 41 40 15 2 24 22. 49,735 50,810 17,016 5,368 31,405 41,01l 23. 1 13 10 3 25 9 12 13 5 24. 708 930 25. 1,071 1,082 326 75 21 30 30 11 4 18 26. 1,510 525 215 900 1,176 '27. 2 1,475 1,205 1,710 28. 1,932 2,074 688 201 119,646 39,369 13,115 76,904 96,379 7 34 2 119,268 101 1. 172 143 47 18 124- 3,154 2. 3,768 , 3,659 1,121 278 2,588 ~ '_ 32Q set II pAkt A. - A.GE AND MARttAl Age 15-44- SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced/ UDspecified Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 SALEM DISTRICT 3. Adi-Karnataka 6 31 5 4. Arunthathiyar 20 108 12 51 5. Bakuda 6. Chakkiliyan 488 2,083 364 797 2 3 7. Cheruman 8. Devendra Kulathan 2 9. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 1 10. Holeya 5 11 4 2 11. Kalladi 12. Kudumban 2 13 6 10 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 49 133 36 61 2 H. Madari 4 15. Madiga 8 22 5 16. Mala 6 21 4 17. Mavilan 18. Moger 19. Pagadai 7 20. Pallan 181 630 256 243 1 1 21. Pannadi 4 25 4 22. Panniandi 1 23. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 735 3,274 531 1,142 48 15 24. Puthirai Vannan 4 25. Thoti 27 58 10 19 26. Tiruvalluvar 1 4 1 27. Valluvan 35 91 15 28 28. U nc1assified 29 122 9 41 COIMBATORE DISTJUOI TOTAL 1,758 6,622 1,234 3,525 3 5 1. Adi-Andhra 17 1 7 2. Adi-Drarida 42 152 17 75 826 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ Never Married Widowed Divorced/ Total Married Separated SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 127 106 2 101 46 24 59 1 3. 675 454 4 16 602 206 52 224 17 8 4. 5. 13,053 11,134 146 34 11,485 5,851 1,321 5.095 100 153 6. 1 7. 7 13 7 7 6 8. 3 1 3 9. 89 61 6 3 69 34 11 23 3 10. 1 11. 74 53" 1 59 21 11 29 3 3 12. 981 856 22 6 815 394 130 439 13 17 13. 10 7 ..., 10 4 2 14 . 143 155 2 111 83 30 70 2 15. 180 196 1 154 86 26 108 16. 17. 18. 19 16 18 10 6 19. 3.570 3,524 41 34 3,035 1,625 465 1,823 29 42 20. 41 64 38 29 3 34 21. 15 7 15 4 3 22. 19,893 17,369 434 185 16,865 8.262 2,542 8,683 250 233 2::1. 5 2 2 24. 422 337 4 1 359 155 55 170 4 11 25. 16 2 14 2 26. 649 532 15 20 547 250 86 252 10 27. 746 626 36 4 629 360 78 233 3 29 28. 42.OSt 3',S23 SIS SIS S.,C38 18,OS3 C,709 17,CSO 39t 724 59 46 51 26 8 20 1. 910 727 6 1 787 326 110 390 7 10 ~. 327 seT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated -----~-- Never Unspecified Total S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 SALEM DISTRICT 3. Adi-Karnataka 4. Arunthathiyar 5. Bakuda 6. Chakkiliyan 4 7. Cheruman 8. Devendra Kulathan 9. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 10. Holeya - 11. Kalladi 12. Kudumban 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 14. Madari 15. Madiga 16. Mala 17. Mavilan 18. Moger 19. Pagadai 20. Pallan 21. Pannadi 22. Panniandi 23. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 2 6 3 3 24. Puthirai Vannan 25. Thoti 4 26. Tiruvalluvar - 27. Valluvan - 28. Unclassified 2 COIMBATORE DISTRICT TOTAL 2 1 1 3 1. _Adi-Andhra 2. A,di-Dra,vida - ~28 ST ATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated Divorced! Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status S1. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 3. 4. 5. 3 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 3 3 23. 24. 3 25. 26. 27. 28. 1 3 1. 2. 329 seT II PART A- AGE AND MARITAL Total ------" ------Total Never Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 COIMBATORE DISTRICT 3. Adi-Karnataka 852 456 396 265 197 4. Arunthathiyar 15,031 7,610 7,421 4,092 3,122 5. Dakuda 22 13 9 7 4 6. Bandi 6 5 2 7. Chakkiliyan 315,795 159,325 156,470 88,243 72,190 S. Cheruman 550 283 267 119 102 9. Devendra Kulathan 2,476 952 1,524 669 831 10. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 389 186 203 106 105 11. Godda 8 4 4 2 3 12. Holeya P97 442 455 243 196 13. Kudumban 2,776 1,487 1,289 667 362 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 11,757 5,860 5,897 2,983 2,3~9 15. Madari 29,554 l'1,711 14,843 7,835 6,446 16. Madiga 490 234 256 135 122 17. Mavilan 5 2 3 3 18. Moger 11 11 7 19. Nayadi 49 15 34 7 10 20. Pagadai 5 3 2 3 21. Pallan 45,041 23,344 21,697 12,766 9,521 22. Panchama 23 Pannadi 9,908 5,041 4,8G7 2,800 2,0')9 24. Panniandi 413 218 195 127 101 25. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 53,820 27,143 26,677 14,824 11,894- 26_ Puthirai Vannan 117 56 61 26 33 27. Samban 48 39 9 24 6 28. Thoti 1,528 757 771 409 334- 29. Tiruvalluvar 530 343 187 98 87 30. Valluvan 5,724 2,869 2,855 1,610 1,375 31. Unclassified 18,823 9,865 8,958 5,189 3,894- 330 StATUs FOR SCHEDULED tASTES Population Age 0-14 Divorced/ Unspecified Total Sl. No. Married Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 178 139 13 50 10 180 178 3,356 3,549 141 634 21 116 3,316 3,120 4. 6 3 2 5 1 5. 2 1 2 6. 66,76B 68,234 3,334 13,357 977 2,688 3 65,427 65,257 7. 163 153 9 3 93 100 8. 257 519 22 154 4 20 425 787 9. 77 83 3 13 2 95 123 10. 2 2 11. 184 177 10 77 5 5 162 188 12. 756 813 52 93 12 21 446 316 13. 2,637 2,773 181 607 59 118 2,200 2,131 14. 6,448 6,875 357 1,282 71 239 5,748 5,652 15. 87 104 12 27 3 103 120 16. 2 17. 4 7 18. 8 19 5 3 7 19. 20. 9,623 9,510 775 2,270 180 395 8,882 8,608 21. 22. 2,030 2,144 164 581 47 82 1 1,954 1,769 23. 87 78 3 14 I 2 101 93 24. 1l,~69 11,352 910 3,109 136 320 4 2 10,752 10,305 25. 25 24 4 4 1 19 29 26. 15 2 21 6 27. 309 331 30 87 9 19 313 302 28. 216 87 27 13 2 68 84- 29. 1,188 1,162 58 288 13 30 1,151 1,208 30. 4,340 4,066 264 880 72 lIB 3,380 3,371 31. 3B! SeT II PART A - AGE AND MAIUTAL Age 0-14 Never SI.No. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 COIMBATORE DISTRICT 3. Adi-Karnataka 179 176 2 4. Arunthathiyar 3,314 2,942 2 172 5. Bakuda 3 2 6. Bandi 2 7. Chakkiliyan 65,308 64,656 118 529 59 8. Cheruman 92 100 9. Devendra Kulathan 425 761 25 10. Dom, Dombara Paidi or Pano 95 99 23 11. Godda 2 12. Holeya 162 182 6 13. -Kudumban 446 299 16 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 2,198 2,093 2 37 15. Madari 5,739 5,614 9 37 16. Madiga 103 115 5 17. Mavilan 2 18. Moger 7 19. Nayadi 3 7 20. Pagadai 21. Pallan 8,867 8,258 15 338 3 22. Panchama 23. Pannadi 1,953 1,766 3 24. Panniandi 101 93 25. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 10,622 10,137 77 165 50 26. Puthirai Vannan 19 29 27. Samban 21 6 28. Thod 313 301 1 29. Tiruvalluvar 68 84- 30. Valluvan 1,151 1,171 37 31. Unclassified 3,358 3,369 13 4 332 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44- Divorced I U napecified Total Never Separated Status Married Married 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 210 16G 86 21 121 127 3. 6 3,236 3,492 764 179 2,406 3,023 4. 8 5 4 3 4: 2 5. 6. 13 69,402 69,898 22,726 7,396 44,997 56,495 7. 143 141 27 2 116 134 8. 408 563 243 70 154 442 9. 71 57 11 6 60 48 10. 3 2 2 I 11. 203 184 81 14 116 151 12. ... 785 883 218 63 545 763 13 • 2,557 2,752 763 303 1,704 2,217 14. 6,645 7,185 2,076 824 4,407 5,815 15. 93 106 32 7 60 92 16. I 17. 3 3 18. 5 22 4 3 IS 19. 2 2 20. 9 10,724 9,975 3,809 1,245 6,568 7,789 21. 22. 2,271 2,325 832 292 1,364 1,830 23. 89 78 25 8 64 66 24. 2 3 1 II,901 12,245 4,110 1,650 7,506 9,530 25. 27 21 6 4- 21 16 26. 10 2 3 7 2 27. 307 339 95 33 196 274- 28. 205 71 30 3 157 63 29. 1,247 1,187 449 196 773 906 30. S 4,774 4,139 1,803 495 2,842 3,318 31, 333 Set II PART A- AGE AND MARItAL Age 15-44 sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced/ Unspecified Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34- 35 36 37 38 39 COIMBATORE DISTRICT 3. Adi-Karnataka 3 10 8 4. Arunthathiyar 48 188 18 102 5. Bakuda 6. Bandi 7. Chakkiliyan 868 3,694 809 2,312 2 1 8. Cheruman 2 3 9. Devendra Kula than 9 34 2 17 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 2 1 11. Godda 12. Holeya 6 15 4 13. Kudumban 14 40 8 17 J4. Kuravan, Sidhanar 56 140 34 92 15. Madari 114 371 48 174 16. Madiga 6 1 17. Mavilan 18. Moger 19. Nayadi 4 20. Pagadai 21. PaIIan 225 651 122 290 22. Panchama 23. Pannadi 42 137 33 65 24. Panniandi 3 1 25. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 200 819 84 244 2 26. Puthirai Vannan 27. Samban ~ ... 28. Thoti 9 24 7 8 29. Tiruvalluvar 17 5 30. Valluvan 16 63 9 22 31. Unclassified 88 244 41 82 334 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 4-5+ Divorced/ Never Married Widowed 51.No. Total Married Separated Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 4-3 44- 45 oW 47 48 49 66 52 56 10 10 4-0 2 3. 1,058 809 14 948 354 93 446 3 8 4. 3 2 5. 2 6. 24,496 21,314 209 138 21,653 11,209 2,466 9,604- 168 363 7. 47 26 46 19 7 8. 119 174- 103 52 13 119 2 3 9. 20 23 17 12 3 10 1 10. 1 11. 77 83 68 20 4 62 5 1 12. 256 90 3 211 34- 38 53 4 3 13. 1,103 1,013 22 3 931 518 125 467 25 25 14. 2,318 2,006 20 8 2,082 1,023 243 911 23 64- 15. 38 30 27 7 11 21 2 16. 17. 1 18. 7 5 7 4 19. 20. 3,738 3,114 90 18 3,040 1,383 550 1,616 58 96 21. 22. 816 773 15 665 311 122 444 14 17 23. 28 24- 23 12 3 11 24. 4,489 4,126 92 107 3,685 1,656 660 2,290 50 73 25. 10 11 4- 8 4- 3 26. 8 8 27. 137 ISO 113 56 21 63 2 11 28. 70 32 S9 24- 10 8 29. 471 460 10 8 4)5 219 42 225 4- 8 30. 1,711 1,448 28 30 1,485 747 172 635 26 36 31. 885 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + ---_-Age not stated Unspecified Never 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Status Total Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 COIMBATORE DISTRICT 3. Adi-Karnataka 4. Arunthathiyar 5. Bakuda- 6. Bandi 7. Chakkiliyan 1 8. Cheruman 9. Devendra Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 11. Godda 12. Holeya 13. Kudumban 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 15. Madari _.. 16. Madiga 17. Mavilan 18. M~ger 19. Nayadi 20. Pagadai 21. Pallan 22. Panchama 23. Pannadi 24. Panniandi 25. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 2 26. Puthirai Vannan 27. Samban 28. Thoti 29. Tiruvalluvar 30. Valtuvan 31. Unclassified 886 ST A TUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Agc not statcd Divorced! Unspecified Widowed Married Separated Status SI. No Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24 25. 26 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 387 SCT II PART A AGE AND MARITAL Tota) ----~~----~- ---~-- 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4- 5 6 7 NlLGIRIS DISTRICT TOTAL 77,612 39,514 38,098 22,018 17,006 1. Adi-Andhra 35 20 15 15 9 2. Adi-Dravida 15,437 7,941 7,496 4,578 3,574 3. Adi-Karnataka 10,048 5,096 4,952 2,816 2,312 4-. Arunthathiyar 2,297 1,118 1,179 620 508 5. Bandi 23 18 5 12 6. Chakkiliyan 14,(133 7,081 6,952 3,653 2,804 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 799 449 350 206 187 9. Devendra Kulathan 810 300 510 247 2g4 ,10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 54 17 37 14 17 11. Holeya 36 27 9 13 2 12. Kanakkan or Padanna 96 38 58 20 12 13. Kudumban 527 247 280 170 99 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 130 64 66 39 22 15. Madari 123 61 62 31 22 16. Madiga 430 249 181 J39 54 17. Nayadi 4 4 2 18. Pallan 8,373 4,093 4,280 2,264- 1,826 19. Panchama 4 4 20. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 22,373 11',621 10,752 6,611 4,934 21. Puthirai Vannan 140 60 80 34 48 22. Thati 822 460 362 248 155 23. Valluvan 397 193 204 82 78 24. U nclassi flcd 620 356 264 203 109 MADURA! DISTRICT TOTAL 490,133 245,269 244,864 131,280 102,226 1. Ad i-Dravida 15.387 7.862 7,525 4,343 3,282 2. Arunthathiyar 3,953 1,947 2,006 1,022 873 a36 SfAtus FOR SCHEOULED CASTES Population Age 0-14 Divorced/ Married Unspecified Total Widowed Separated Status Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Femaks 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 16,670 17,882 616 2,741 209 469 1 16,312 15,289 .5 6 10 8 l. 3,204 3,094 125 723 34 105 3,175 3,073 2. 2,181 2,207 66 358 33 75 2,127 2,195 3. 474 583 20 79 3 9 476 433 4. 6 4 5. 3,308 3,667 87 384 33 97 2,883 2,513 6. 7. 222 140 12 14 9 9 142 176 8. 51 239 29 8 207 208 9. 3 11 9 13 15 10. 14 5 2 10 2 11. 17 37 8 15 8 12. 70 152 7 25 4 145 91 13. 24 39 5 35 24 14. 27 23 2 17 21 21 15. 106 113 4 9 5 123 48 16. 2 2 17. 1,709 2,166 91 243 29 45 1,766 1,648 18. 4 2 19. 4,781 4,971 171 748 58 99 4,761 4,471 20. 23 28 2 4 20 40 21. 198 167 12 34 2 6 185 142 22. 100 102 7 18 4 6 58 75 23. 145 124 7 31 1 137 96 24. 103,674 110,313 7,491 27,949 2,824 4,376 95,707 91,126 3,245 3,219 218 942 56 82 3,176 2,942 1. 851 931 54 173 20 29 782 762 2. 339 seT if PARt A AGE ANt> MAFUtAl Age 0-14 Never Married Widowed SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 NILGmlS DISTRICT TOTAL 16,288 15,145 24 ]39 4 1. Adi-Andhra 10 8 2. Adi-Dravida 3,175 3,055 18 3. Adi-Karnataka 2,127 2,153 41 4. Arunthathiyar 476 433 5. Bandi 6. Chakkiliyan 2,879 2,496 4 15 2 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 142 172 4 9. Devendra Kulathan 207 208 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 13 15 ll. Holeya 10 2 12. Kanakkan or Padanna 15 8 13. Kudumban 145 88 3 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 35 17 7 15. Madari 21 20 16. Madiga 123 44- 4- 17. Nayadi 2 lB. Pallan 1,758 1,632 8 15 19. Panchama 2 20. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 4,749 4,453 12 18 21. Puthirai Vannan 20 40 22. Thoti 185 140 2 23. Valluvan 58 65 9 24. Unclassified 137 96 MADURAI DISTRICT TOTAL 95,588 90,778 119 334 1 1. Adi-Dravida 3,172 2,932 4 9 2. Arun thathiyar 781 756 1 6 340 stAtUs FOR sCiiWULED cAstES Age 15-44 Age 0-14 Never Divorced/ Unspecified SI. No. Married Married Separated Stafus Total Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males - Females 30 31 32 33 24 25 26 27 28 29 1,840 12,431 15,533 I 18,443 18,806 5,659 4 5 I. 9 6 5 1 2,382 2,715 2. 3,808 3,573 1,377 507 155 1,524 1,960 3. 1 2,245 2,293 681 319 548 4. 458 657 129 75 5 4- 5. 17 5 12 3,200 6, 3,374 3,732 768 308 2,555 7. 127 8. 237 155 60 15 163 42 228 9. 83 276 40 26 10 16 2 10. 5 17 6 3 14 11. 29 12. 15 39 5 4- IO 50 139 13. 79 163 25 11 17 28 14. 21 34 4- 5 23 22 15. 36 27 10 2 79 89 16. 96 105 16 10 17. 1 1,954 18. 1,921 2,290 504 194 1,358 2 2 19. 4,104 20. 5,523 4,967 1,853 477 3,564 25 32 35 14 7 18 21. 147 205 183 63 15 141 22. 93 109 23 13 65 84 23. 172 133 66 13 103 108 24. 13 112,219 117,514 35,054 11,295 72,347 94,215 3,522 3,416 1,120 347 2,267 2,704 1. 893 970 240 93 619 792 2. 341 set ii pARt A-AGE AND MARItAL Age 15-44 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced/ Unspecified Separated Status Males Females Males F~males, , ,Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 NILGmIS DISTRICT TOTAL 189 1,064 157 369 1 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 24 280 25 71 3. Adi-Karnataka 19 113 21 65 4. Arunthathiyar 7 26 2 8 5. Bandi 6. Chakkiliyan 22 141 29 83 7. Chamar or Muchi B. Chcruman 8 5 6 8 9. Devendra Kulathan 14 8 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 4 11. Holeya 1 12. Kanakkan or Padanna 5 1 13. Kudumban 4 9 4 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 15. Madari 2 3 1 16. Madiga 3 3 17. Nayadi lB. Pallan 33 108 26 34 19. Panchama 20. Paraiyan Parayan (Sambavar) 63 312 43 74 21. Puthirai Vannan 3 22. Thoti 16 1 5 23. Valluvan 4 7 1 5 24. Unclassified 2 12 1 MADURAI DISTRICT TOTAL 2,500 8,480 2,318 3,524 1. Adi-Dravida 89 302 4& 63 2 Aruuthathiyar 18 62 16 23 342 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ :-Never Total Married Widowed Divorced/ Married Separated 51. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4,759 4,003 71 21 4,209 2,210 427 1,673 52 99 1 1 1. 958 850 26 12 822 361 101 443 9 34 2. 724 464- 8 4 657 206 47 245 12 9 3. 184- 89 15 155 35 13 53 4. 5. 824 707 6 749 452 65 241 4 14 6. 7. 70 19 4 59 9 4 9 3 8. 10 26 3 11 15 9. 3 6 3 1 5 10. 11. 8 11 7 8 3 12. 23 26 20 10 3 16 13. 8 8 7 4 4 14. 4 14- 4 14 15. 30 28 27 20 3 6 2 16. I 17. 406 342 2 343 )97 58 134 3 11 18. 19. 1,337 1,314 9 4- 1,205 849 108 436 15 25 20. 8 5 1 5 3 2 1 21. 70 37 - 57 18 12 18 1 22. 42 20 1 35 9 3 10 3 1 23. 47 35 - 42 16 5 19 24. 37,319 36,206 626 143 31,199 15,'158 4,990 19,46'1 504 838 1,162 1,167 51 3 972 506 129 640 10 18 1. 272 274 1 24- 231 133 36 III 4 6 2. 348 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Unspecified Never Status Total Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 NILGIRIS DISTRICT . TOTAL 1. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 3. Adi-Karnataka 4. Arunthathiyar 5. Bandi 6. Chakkiliyan 7. Chamar or Muchi 8. Cheruman 9. Devendra Kulathan 10. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 11. Holeya 12. Kanakkan or Padanna 13. Kudumban 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 15. Madari 16. Madiga 17. Nayadi 18. fallan 19. Panchama 20. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 21. J,'uthirai Vannan 22. Thoti 23. NaJluvan 24. JlncIassifieq. MADURAl DISTRICT TOTAL 2. 18 12 lO Adi-Dravida ,I. 2 2. Arunthathiyar 34* STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated Married Widowed Divorced/ Unspecified Separated Status Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Male. Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 3. 9. 10. II. 12. 13. H. 1.5. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 9 6 1 1 2 1 2 1. 2. 44 SCT II PART A -AGE AND MARITAL Total Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 MADURAI DISTRICT 3. Bakuda 15 7 8 5 4. Bandi 1 1 5. Chakkiliyan 95,510 47,655 47,855 25,756 20,327 6. Chand ala 2 1 1 7. Devendra Kulathan 155 130 25 55 16 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 313 138 175 80 91 9. Holeya 1 10. Kadaiyan 17 15 2 3 11. Kalladi 84 57 27 37 20 12. Kudumban 28,726 14,570 14,156 6,783 4,439 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 7,359 3,702 3,657 1,900 1,461 14. Madari 25,894 13,087 12,807 6,940 5,501 15. Madiga 7 7 4 16. Mala 8 7 1 7 17. Nayadi 19 16 3 15 3 18. Pagadai ],208 718 490 252 134 19. Pall an 164,390 81,340 83,050 44,198 35,851 20. Pambada 3 3 3 21. Panchama 4 1 3 2 22. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 114,614 57,664 56,950 30,799 23,325 23. Puthirai Vannan 1,419 719 700 360 289 24. Samban 8,70S 4,422 4,281 2,214 1,751 25. Thoti 845 406 439 216 160 26. TiruvaJluvar 604 452 152 248 30 27. Valluvan 4,861 2,253 2,598 1,268 1,148 28. Unclassified 16,031 8,090 7,941 4,778 3,514 TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT TOTAL 565,629 281,498 284,131 152,713 120,855 1. Adi-Andhra 26 12 14 7 9 2. Adi-Dravida 52,450 26,022 26,428 14,317 11,587 ~if$ STATllS FOR SCHEDULED cASTES Population Age 0-14 Divorced/ Unspecified Total SI. No. Married Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2 7 5 3. 4. 20,266 22,125 1,188 4,587 445 816 19,477 18,567 5. 6. 63 9 6 6 35 16 7. 52 71 5 10 1 3 53 87 8. 9. 12 10. 16 5 4 2 23 20 11. 7,043 7,374 500 1,897 244 446 4,022 3,653 12. 1,625 1,746 125 392 52 58 1,472 1,374 13. 5,665 5,816 339 1,247 143 243 5,237 4,974 14. 2 1 3 15. -.. 16. 1 15 3 17. 431 294- 25 53 10 9 153 120 18. 33,400 35,803 2,692 9,959 1,050 1,437 32,020 31,777 19. 3 20. 1 2 21. 24,359 25,716 1,866 6,936 640 973 22,488 20,771 22. 330 318 20 78 9 15 273 251 23. 1,989 1,903 ISS 527 64 100 1,532 1,553 24. 174 220 13 53 3 6 169 111 25. 197 106 5 13 2 3 178 19 26. 905 1,129 75 296 15 25 947 992 27. 3,047 3,516 201 781 64- 130 3,649 3,124 2U. 117,010 123,896 10,292 36,781 1,445 2,590 38 9 107,019 105,066 5 5 - 4 9 1. 10,588 11,101 1,004 3,568 III 172 2 10,175 10,181 2. 347 seT II PART A AGE AND MARItAL Age 0-14- 81. No. Never Name of Scheduled Caste Married Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 MADURAI DISTRICT 3. Bakuda 5 4. Bandi 5. Chakkiliyan 19,459 18,475 18 88 6. Chandala 7. Devendra Kulathan 35 16 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi orPano 53 87 9. Holeya 10. Kadaiyan 11. Kalladi 23 20 12. Kudumban 4,018 3,636 4 17 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 1,469 1,365 3 9 14. I\Iadari 5,229 4,940 8 31 15. Madiga 3 16. Mala 17. Nayadi 15 3 IS. Pagadai 153 119 19. Pallan 31,979 31,702 41 72 20. Pambada 3 21. Panchama 2 ::2. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 22,456 20,697 32 72 23. Puthirai Vannan 273 251 24. Samban 1,530 1,548 2 5 :.cs. Thoti 168 111 26. Tiruvalluvar 178 19 27. Valluvan 945 990 2 2 ~!0. Unclassified 3,646 3,101 3 22 TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT TOTAL 106,830 104,065 18t 990 6 5 1. Adi-Andhra 4 9 2. Adi-Dravida 10,154- 10,066 16 115 4 348 stATUS FOR SCHEDULED CAStES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Divorced I Unspecified Total Never Married Separated Status Married SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 7 1 6 3. 4. 3 21,344 22,806 6,158 1,845 14,398 18,907 5. 1 6. 77 9 20 47 9 7. 59 69 26 4- 32 60 8. 9. 11 1 3 8 I 10. 25 6 14 11 5 ll. 8,392 8,277 2,750 799 5,264 6,450 12. 1,620 1,697 426 93 1,101 1,438 13. 3 6,000 6,190 1,681 551 4,073 5,078 14. 3 1 1 15. 6 6 16. I 17. 436 309 97 15 318 268 18. 3 36,520 38,549 12,050 4,085 22,770 30,418 19. 20. 1 1 21. 2 26,057 27,409 8,154 2,603 16,775 21,907 22. 300 331 86 37 204 268 23. 2,197 2,130 679 203 1,399 1,681 24. 177 257 48 49 123 186 25. 231 114 67 11 162 95 26. 94-7 1,181 319 156 589 927 27. 3,401 3,781 1,109 403 2,184 3,012 28. 2 6 128,210 132,165 45,125 16,030 78,909 102,745 7 2 3 4 2 1.. 11,462 12,214 3,974 1,462 7,105 9,405 2. 349 seT II PAltt A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced/ Unspecified 131. No. Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 :36 37 38 39 MADURAI DISTRICT 3. Bakuda 1 4. Bandi ..... 5. Chakkiliyan 406 1,358 382 696 6. Chandala 7. Devendra Kulathan 4- 6 8. Dam, Dombara. Paidi or Pano 1 2 3 9. Holeya 10. Kadaiyan - 11. Kalladi 1 12. Kudumban 166 694 212 334 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 46 115 47 51 14. Madari 121 362 125 199 15. Madiga 16. Mala 17. Nayadi 18. Pagadai 11 20 10 6 19. Pallan 890 2,879 8JO 1,167 20. Pambada 21. Panchama 22. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 602 2.132 526 767 23. Puthirai Vannan 5 18 5 8 24. Samban 63 174 56 72 25. Thoti 3 16 3 6 26. Tiruvalluvar 6 2 2 27. Valluvan 25 80 14 18 28. Unclassified 50 257 58 109 TlRUCIDRAPALLI DISTRICT TOTAL 3,150 11,409 1,000 1,973 26 8 I. Adi-Andhra 2. Adi-Dravida 308 1,221 75 126 81>0 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ Never Married Widowed Divorcedl Total Married Separated Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Male. Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 1 1 1 3. 4-. 6,833 6,479 138 6 5,850 3,128 782 3,228 63 117 5. 6. 18 16 2 7. 26 19 20 11 4- 8 8. 9. 4 1 4- 10 • 9 1 5 .. 11. 2,156 2,226 15 4 1,775 907 334 1,203 32 112 12 610 586 5 3 521 299 79 277 5 7 13. 1,850 1,643 SO 10 1,584 707 218 885 18 41 14. 1 1 15. ~ 1 1 16. 17. 129 61 2 113 25 14 33 3 18. 12,791 12.722 166 63 10,585 5,312 1,801 7,080 239 267 19. 20. 21. 9,109 8,761 181 18 7,551 3,736 1.264- 4,804 113 203 22. 146 118 1 126 50 15 00 4 7 25. 692 598 5 587 217 92 355 8 28 24. 60 71 50 34 10 37 25. 43 19 3 35 11 5 7 26. 369 424 4 2 314 199 50 216 7 27. 1,039 1,033 23 9 859 481 151 523 6 20 28. 46,215 46,880 753 753 37.891 20.151 7.11. 25,.4 CC3 811 3 3 1. 4,384 4,032 189 58 3,466 1,581 692 2,347 35 46 2. 851 seT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated Unspecified S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 MADURA! DISTRICT 3. Bakuda 4. Bandi 5. Chakkiliyan 3 1 6. Chandala 7. Devendra Kulatha.n 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 9. Holeya 10. Kadaiyan 11. Kalladi 12. Kudumban 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 14. Madari 15. Madiga 16. Mala 17. Nayadi 18. Pagadai Pallan 19. 9 2 3 20. Pambada 21. Panchama 22. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 10 9 8 7 23. Puthirai Vannan 24. Samban '.0 25. Thoti 26. Tiruvalluvar 27. Valluvan 28. Unclassified 3 TmUCmRAPALLI DlSTRIC'i' TOTAL 12 1 54 20 5 7 1. Adi-Andhra. 2. Adi-Dravida 2 1 852 STA.TUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated Divorced I Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status SI.No. Males Females Males Female~ Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 3. 4. 2 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. t 1 1 19. 20. 21. t 1 1 22. 23. 1 24. 25. 26. 27. 1 28. 21 10 20 3 J. 1 2. ~53 1:q seT II PART A- AGE AND MARITAL Total Total Never S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste lI.larried Persons Males Females Males Females I 2 3 4 5 6 7 TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT 3. Arunthathiyar 5,511 2,775 2,736 1,573 1,229 4. Bakuda 4 4 5. Chakkiliyan 68,901 34,588 34,313 18,683 14,730 6. Chamar or Muchi 7. Devendra Kulathan 3,580 1,736 1,844 1,051 769 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 297 117 180 74 80 9. Gosangi 4 4 4 10. Ho!eya 2 2 2 11. Kadaiyan 22 8 14 7 8 12. Kalladi 26 13 13 7 4 13. Kudumban 9,267 4,471 4,796 2,509 1,943 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 7,195 3,632 3,563 1,894 1,479 15. Madari 4,187 2,115 2,072 1,207 831 16. Madiga 14 4 10 7 17. Maila 18. Mavilan 187 77 110 32 57 19. Nayadi 6 3 3 2 20. Pagadai 3,227 1,560 1,667 847 743 21. Pall an 177,902 88,319 89,583 47,277 36,730 22. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 202,830 100,955 101,875 55,402 44,704 :23. Puthirai Vannan 862 440 422 237 164 24. Samban 5,976 2,963 3,013 1,300 1,169 25. Semman 12 7 5 3 2 '/6. Thoti 4,372 2,101 2,271 1,142 1,054 27. Tiruvalluvar 491 297 194 147 86 28. Valluvan 6,779 3,220 3,559 1,769 1,477 29. 1 in classified 11,497 6,053 5,444 3,219 1,989 THANJAVUR DISTRICT TOTAL 750,599 375,751 374,848 192,315 149,868 1. Adi-Dravida 105,796 52,445 53,351 26,695 21,140 2. Anmthathiyar 1,342 675 667 379 278 ~54 stATUs FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0-14 Married Widowed Divorced! Unspecified Separated Status Total SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1,104 1,209 82 273 16 25 1,168 1,115 3. 3 4. 14,680 15,982 963 3,182 241 417 21 2 13,824 13,471 5. 6. 621 809 57 257 7 9 797 674 7. 38 84 14 3 2 2 68 75 8. 4 9. 2 10. 5 1 6 7 II. 5 9 4 3 12. 1,766 2,150 667 20 176 36 1,698 1,615 13. 1,577 1,626 116 419 45 39 1,400 1,379 14. 849 1,025 48 177 11 39 910 736 15. 3 3 6 16. 17. 41 41 4 11 18 47 18. 2 19. 653 729 ·43 160 17 35 605 670 2(;. 37,568 40,208 2,970 11,646 503 999 32,234 31,716 21. 40,957 42,077 4,199 14,450 386 637 11 7 38,630 38,161 22. 182 197 19 57 2 4 174 141 23. 1,514 1,346 138 473 11 25 790 1,031 24. 3 3 3 2 25. 861 . 997 83 J92 15 28 886 982 26. 143 77 6 26 5 88 77 27. 1,291 1,510 133 525 25 47 2 1,227 1,255 28. 2,556 2,702 245 683 32 70 2,301 1,709 29. 169,961 178,275 11,949 43,976 1,523 2,727 3 2 137,525 134,065 24,019 25,353 1,567 6,464 164 394 19,025 19,047 1. : 278 303 18 85 1 258 250 2. 355 set it PARt A-AGE AND MAttl'fAl Age 0-14 Never 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Married Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT 3. Arun thathiyar 1,161 1,107 7 8 4. Bakuda 5. Chakkiliyan 13,785 13,303 39 166 6. Chamar or Muchi 7. Devendra Kulathan 797 671 3 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 68 75 9. Gosangi 4 10. Holeya 2 11. Kadaiyan 6 7 12. Kalladi 4 3 13. Kudumban 1,697 1,603 12 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 1,396 1,346 4 31 15. Madari 908 715 2 20 16. Madiga 6 17. Maila 18. Mavilan 18 47 19. Nayadi 1 Z 20. Pagadai 604 655 13 1 21. PaIIan 32,183 31,405 51 311 22. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 38,585 37,891 44 266 3 23. Puthirai Vannan 174 141 24. Samban 790 1,028 3 .25. Semman 3 2 26. Thoti 874 967 11 15 27. Tiruvalluvar 88 77 28. VaIJuvan 1,226 1,245 10 29. Unclassified 2,296 1,692 4 17 THANJAVUR DISTRICT TOTAL 137,185 133,591 340 471 I l. Adi-Dravida 18,971 18,977 54 69 2. Arunthathiyar 257 247 3 - 356 STATlJS FOR ' SCliEDtJt.ED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Divo~1 Unspecified TQtal Never Married Sei>arated Status Married 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 .25 26 27 -28 29 30 31 32 33 1,187 1,249 410 122 738 1,032 3. 4. 1 15,731 14,979 4,827 1,205 10,356 12,502 5. ." 6 • 668 855 251 97 398 692 7. 38 79 6 4 29 69 8. 9. 10. 2 6 4 11. 7 10 3 4 9 12. 2,034: 2,364 778 320 1,198 1,823 13. 2 1,648 1,617 490 118 1,089 1,336 14. J 911 943 290 108 597 754 15. 2 3 2 2 16. 17. 40 50 14 10 26 37 18. 1 19. 1 746 800 242 86 473 623 20. ' 41,366 42,997 14,958 5,170 25,?90 33,742 21. - 45,414 46,711 16,557 6,564- 27,243 34,985 22. 191 212 63 22 121 168 23. J,587 1,552 501 141 1,034- 1,188 24-. 3 3 25. 901 1,043 266 85 589 866 26. 172 85 59 9 109 68 27. - '" 1,434 1,660 532 229 826 1,231 28. > I 2,659 2,730 900 275 1,674 2,203 29. 2 175,755 182,453 54,130 15,995 111,816 153,064 .. 24,615 25,270 7,631 2,088 16,411 21,221 1. 316 312 118 29 186 '\': 261 2; 35,7, seT II PARt A -ACt! ANn MAitltAL· Age 15-44 Divorced! . Unspecified S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females TlRUCIURAPALLI DISTRICT 34 35 36 37 sa 39 3. Arunthathiyar 26 76 13 19 4. Bakuda 5. Chakkiliyan 338 941 191 329 19 2 6. Chamar or Muehi 7. Devendra Kulathan 14- 60 5 6 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi :4 or Pano 4 2 9. Gosangi 10. Holeya 11. Kadaiyan 12. Kalladi 13. Kudumban 41 190 17 31 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 39 133 30 30 15. Madari 13 52 11 29 16. Madiga 17. Maila 18. Mavilan 2 19. Nayadi 20. Pagadai 17 64 14 27 21. Pallan 785 3,383 333 702 ~2. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 1,363 4,624 246 532 5 6 23. Puthirai Vannan 6 19 3 24. Samban 43 199 9 24- 25. Semman 26. Thoti 33 67 13 25 27. Tiruvalluvar 3 5 1 3 28. Valluvan 59 161 15 Sg 2 29. Unclassified 61 207 24- .,5 TBANJAVUR DISTRICT TOTAL 3,589 11,402 1,147 1.998 3 2 I. Adi-Dravida 453 1,690 120 271 2. Arunthathiyar 12 21 1 308· .STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ Never Married Widowed Divorced I Total Married Separated SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 418 372 2 357 169 56 197 3 6 3. 2 2 4. 5,029 5,852 71 219 4,282 3,308 624 2,238 50 87 5. 6. 271 315 3 223 114 43 197 2 3 7. 11 25 9 15 2 10 8. 9. 10. U. 2 12. 738 817 34 20 567 315 134 477 3 5 13. 584 567 8 15 484 259 77 286 15 7 14. 294 393 9 8 250 251 35 125 9 15. I 16. 17. 19 13 15 4 4 9 lB. 19. 208 197 2 179 93 25 95 3 7 20. 14,693 14,868 132 155 12,213 6,153 2,177 8,263 170 297 21. 16,900 ,16,998 259 247 13,668 6,824 2,827 9,822 140 104 22. 75 69 61 29 13 38 23. 586 430 9 480 155 95 274 2 24. 3 2 25. 314 246 2 2 261 116 49 125 2 3 26. 37 32 34 9 3 21 2 27. 552 644 11 3 458 269 73 364 10 8 28. J,092 1,005 23 22 877 482 IB4 476 7 25 29. 62,458 58,326 997 280 52,728 24,739 8,358 32,572 375 735 8,804 9,034 93 75 7,553 4,063 1,114 4,773 44 123 I. IO~ lO~ .. 2 91 39 6 64 2. 359 SCT II PART ·A.·.~.AGE_ AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated Never Unspecified Total Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 5S 54 55 DRUCHIIlAPALU DISTRICT 3. Arunthathiyar 2 4. Bakuda 5. Chakkiliyan 2 4 11 S 6. Chamar or Muchi 7. Devendra Kulathan a. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano I 9. Gosangi" ,10. Holeya , 11. Kadaiyan ... - 12. Kalladi 13. Kudumban 1 - J4. Kuravan, Sidhanar 15. Madari 16. Madiga 17. Maila 18. Mavilan 19. Nayadi ._ 00' 20. Pagadai 1 21. Pallan - 26 2 -4 22. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 6 1 II 5 1 2 23. Puthirai Vannan 24. Samban 25. Semman 26. Thoti 27. Tiruvalluvar 28. Valluvan 7 29. Unclassified 1 1 THANJAVUR DISTRICT TOTAL 13 4 3 2 1. Adi-Dravida 1 2. Ar~nthathiyar .. .,' a6Q STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated Divorced I Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Female~ Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 2 3. 4. 3 6 2 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. II. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 14 2 8 21. 2 2 8 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 6 28. 29. 7 1 2 1 1 2,. 361 46 - seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Total SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Never Total Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 THANJAVUR DISTRICT S. Bandi 4 2 2 4. Chakkiliyan 6,624 3,331 3,293 1,695 1,389 5. Chamar or Muchi 2 6. Devendra Kulathan 1,264 627 637 313 263 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 221 118 103 73 51 8. Gosangi 19 11 8 3 2 9. Holeya 8 3 5 2 2 10. Kadaiyan 49 22 27 11 10 11. Koliyan 5,680 2,738 2,942 1,485 1,193 12. Kudumban 10,434 5,382 5,052 2,411 1,633 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 6,153 3,065 3,088 1,471 1,199 14. Madari 19 7 12 3 6 15. Pagadai 363 203 160 114 65 16. Pallan 216,1l16 108,324 108,492 55,230 44,356 17. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 263,506 131,802 131,704 68,701 53,101 18. Puthirai Vannan 334 183 151 79 54 19. Samagara 19 9 10 5 2 20. Samban 104,374 52,887 51,487 26,053 19,508 21. Semman 2 2 22. Thoti 3,075 1,642 1,433 836 611 23. Tiruvalluvar 286 191 95 92 42 24. Valluvan 10,BOB 5,352 5,456 2,941 2,178 25. Vettiyan 3,541 1,767 1,774 880 633 26. Unclassified 9,860 4,962 4,898 2,841 2,152 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TOTAL 373,268 184,112 189,156 98,216 81,516 1. Ad i-Dravida 10,801 5,145 5,656 2,629 2,306 2. Arunthathiyar 1,828 896 932 448 293 362 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0-14 Married Widowed Divorcedl Unspecified Separated Status Total SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 to 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 S 1,515 1,562 100 309 21 32 1,284 1,270 4. 5. 299 311 13 61 2 2 201 232 6. 40 43 .5 6 3 57 49 7. 8 3 3 2 2 8. 9. 11 13 4 9 7 10. 1,147 1,313 89 417 17 19 943 997 11. 2,691 2,632 256 736 24 50 1,611 1,387 12. 1,428 1,590 140 271 26 28 1,105 1,114 13. 3 6 5 14. 80 75 8 20 79 62 15. 49,172 51,346 3,451 11,987 469 803 2 39,562 39,688 16. 58,486 62,054 4,054 15,612 560 937 49,216 47,475 17. 85 75 18 20 2 48 46 18. 4 7 5 19. 24,865 25,375 1,783 6,253 186 351 18,857 17,500 20. 21. 752 664 50 149 4 9 605 540 22. 92 38 6 12 3 49 39 23. 2,221 2,423 176 820 14 35 1,992 1,885 24. 822 904 52 214 13 23 584 555 25. 1,939 2,182 162 530 20 34 2,031 1,914- 26. 77,984 82,587 6,488 22,733 1,419 2,316 5 70,911 69,672 2,263 2,520 215 779 37 50 1,845 1,933 1. 409 518 29 112 10 9 320 241 2. 863 .. set II PART A AGE AND MI\RITAL Age 0-14- Never Married Widowed 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 THANJAVUR DISTRICT 3. Bandi 4. Chakkiliyan 1,273 1,264 11 5 5. Chamar or Muchi 6. Devendra Kulathan 201 232 7. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 55 47 2 2 8. Gosangi 2 2 9. Holeya 10. Kadaiyan 9 7 11. Koliyan 943 994 3 12. Kudumban 1,610 1,382 5 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 1,097 1,093 8 21 14. Madari 5 15. Pagadai 79 61 16. Pallan 39,438 39,524 124 164 17. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 49,100 47,351 116 123 18. Puthirai Vannan 48 46 19. Samagara 5 20. Samban 18,849 17,443 8 57 21. Semman 22. Thoti 603 536 2 4 23. Tiruvalluvar 49 39 24. Valluvan 1,981- 1,882 8 3 25. Vettiyan 584 553 2 26. Unclassified 2,026 1,905 5 9 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TOTAL 70,866 69,550 45 121 1. Adi-Dravida 1,845 1,932 2. Arunthathiyar 320 240 a64 STATOS FOR SCHEDULED CAStES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Never Divorced/ Unspecified Married Married SI. Nc. Separated Status Total Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 30 31 32 33 24 25 26 27 28 29 2 3. 1 1,492 1,636 417 122 1,026 1,376 4. 5. 308 301 112 31 191 257 6. 46 46 17 4 28 37 7. 7 5 6 3 8. 2 2 2 2 9. 8 14 2 2 6 12 10. 1,300 1,405 535 196 733 1,105 11. 2,718 2,792 790 248 1,843 2,281 12. 1,390 1,497 364 99 953 1,324 13. 4 5 2 2 4 14. 95 75 32 4 58 68 15 50,679 52,666 15,481 4,706 33,804 44,304 16. 61,085 63,740 19,161 5,701 40,300 53,::119 17. 90 76 30 8 47 60 18. 4 9 4 7 19. 25,154 26,050 7,170 2,058 17,311 22,135 20. 21. 827 736 226 75 570 601 22. 95 43 40 3 53 36 23. 2,360 2,563 916 292 1,390 2,034 24. 920 914 294 79 600 760 25. 2,236 2,294 788 246 1,361 1,857 26. - 1 83,892 89,389 27,120 11,874 53,875 69,579 2,423 2,710 782 373 1,550 2,086 1. - 467 563 128 53 320 458 2. -365 seT II PART A -AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced/ Unspecified Separated ' Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 THANJAVUR DISTRICT 3. Bandi 4. Chakkiliyan 36 112 13 25 5 Chamar or Muchi 6. Devendra Kulathan 3 11 2 2 7. Dam, Damoal'a, Paidi or Pano 2 3 8. Gosangi 2 9. Holeya 10. Kadaiyan 11. Koliyan 20 90 12 14 12. Kudumban 71 220 14- 42 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 56 56 17 18 14. Madari 15. Pagadai 4 3 16. Pallan 1,030 3,033 362 623 2 17. Paraiyan Parayan (Sambavar) 1,192 4,096 431 624 IB~ Puthirai Vannan 12 6 2 19. Samagara 20. Samban 535 1,569 138 288 21. Semman 22. Thoti 27. 56 4 4 23. Tiruvalluvar 2 3 24. Valluvan 45 212 <) 25" 25. Vettiyan 16 57 10 18 26. Unclassified 74 162 13 29 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TOTAL 1,776 6,048 1,116 1,887 5 1 l. Adi-Dravida 61 207 29 44 2. Arunthathiyar 12 43 7 9 366 . STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ -.~~----~-- ---~--- Divorced/ Never Widowed 81. No. Total Married Married Separated Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 3. 555 387 5 3 478 181 64 197 8 6 4. 5. 118 104 108 54 10 50 6. 15 8 10 4- 4 4 7. 2 2 8. 3 9. 5 6 5 4 10. 495 540 7 3 414 205 69 327 5 5 11. 1,053 873 11 3 847 346 185 516 10 8 12. 570 477 10 7 467 245 84 215 9 10 13. 2 2 2 14. 29 23 3 22 6 4 17 1~. 18,079 16,137 310 125 15,242 6,878 2,421 8,954 106 180 16. 21,495 20,486 438 48 18,067 8,611 2,861 11,515 129 312 17. 45 29 38 15 6 14- 18. 19. 8,875 7,937 34 7 7,546 3,183 1,247 4,684 48 63 ~O. 21. 210 157 7 180 59 23 93 5 22. 47 l~ 3 39 2 4 9 2 23. 999 1,008 41 4 822 386 131 608 5 10 24. 263 305 2 222 142 36 157 3 5 25. 695 690 27 573 316 88 368 7 5 26. 29,299 30,085 227 89 24,059 12,882 4,711 16,683 302 428 877 1,013 2 713 433 154 572 8 6 1. 109 128 89 59 17 69 3 2. 367 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Unspecified Never Status Total Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 THANJAVUR DISTRICT 3. Bandi 4. Chakkiliyan 5. Chamar or Muchi 6. Devendra Kulathan 7. Dam, Dambara, Paidi or Pano 8. Gosangi 9. Holeya 10. Kadaiyan 11. Koliyan 12. Kudumban 13. Kuravan, Sidhanar 14. Madari 15. Pagadai 16. PaHan 4 1 1 1 17. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 6 3 2 1 18. Puthirai Vannan 19. Samagara 20. Samban 21. Semman 22. Thati 23. Tiruvalluvar 24. Valluvan 1 25. Vettiyan 26. Unclassified - RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TOTAL - 3 10 10 3 3 1. Adi-Dravida 1 - - 2. Arunthathiyar 368 ST A TUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated ._------_- - Divorced! Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status Sl. No Males Females Males Females Males Females Males 56 57 58 59 GO 61 62 63 4. 5. 6. 7. 8 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 2 16. 3 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 25. 26. 5 5 1 2 1. 2. 47 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Tota I -~------~------_-- _------_-_-_ SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT 3. Chakkiliyan 36,278 17,949 18,329 9,474 7,911 4. Cheruman 43 14 29 4 7 5. Devendra Kulathan 1,734 768 966 415 456 6. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 6 5 3 7. Kadaiyan 1,226 598 628 314 283 8. Kudumban 82,560 40,422 42,138 23,077 20,072 9. Kuravan, Sidhanar 4,765 2,330 2,435 1,196 931 10. Madari 22 8 14 8 5 II. Pagadai 8,249 4,071 4,178 2,077 1,776 12. Pallan 146,861 72,853 74,008 37,917 30,604 13. PClraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar} 61,102 30,200 30,902 1ti,027 13,015 14. Puthirai Vannan 1,489 762 727 341 336 15. Samban 6,763 3,446 3,317 1,821 1,489 16. Semman 91 42 49 19 24 17. Thoti 477 246 231 120 85 18. Tiruvalluvar 58 15 43 13 20 19. Valluvan 669 418 25l 171 109 20. D nclassified 8,246 :\928 4,318 2,145 1,791 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT TOTAL 431,150 211,751 219,399 110,699 92,975 1. Adi-Dravida 45,826 21,831 23,9!'+5 11,692 10,120 2. Arunthathiyar 8,935 4,590 4,345 2,478 1,992 3. Baira 2 2 2 4. Bandi 5. Chakkiliyan 26,475 13,032 13,443 7,090 6,035 6. Cheruman 277 135 142 64 61 7. Devendra Kulathan 5,739 2,713 3,026 1,409 1,248 8. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 56 30 26 21 10 !'I. Gosangi 34 4 30 4 3 10 Holeya 44 16 28 3 9 370 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0-14 ----~------Divorced/ Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status Total 51. No. Males Females Males .Ft'males Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 7,756 8,330 5!l3 1,876 164 212 7,085 6,941 3, 10 20 2 2 6 4. 322 374 23 123 8 13 287 388 5, 3 6. 259 272 23 71 2 2 239 260 7. 15,839 16,878 1,273 4,738 233 449 17,231 17,320 8. 1,045 1,218 58 259 31 27 956 867 9. 7 2 4 5 10. 1,812 1,906 139 442 43 54 1,582 1,590 11. 31,565 33,019 2,730 9,349 640 1,036 26,810 25,864 12. 12,861 13,657 1,121 3,854 188 376 3 11,318 11,020 13. 379 302 3{ 84 8 5 236 287 14. 1,461 1,432 139 363 25 33 1,339 1,256 15, 23 19 6 15 21 16. 119 126 7 19 86 77 17. 2 20 3 12 15 18. 227 96 19 44 2 87 85 19. 1,631 1,872 123 606 29 47 2 1,457 1,493 20. 90,483 97,360 8,684 26,021 1,667 3,021 18 22 80,2S6 78,239 9,172 10,494 872 3,128 92 253 3 8,533 8,074 1. 1,942 1,893 141 402 29 58 1,925 1,750 2. 3. 4. 5,373 5,789 454 1,399 114 217 3 5,290 5,304- 5. 68 62 2 19 47 53 6, 1,156 1,373 128 355 19 50 1,029 1,084 7. 8 15 15 10 8, 17 10 4 3 9 12 15 -4 5 10, 371 seT II PART A AGE AND MARITAL Age 0-14 Never l\1arried SL No. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT 3. Chakkiliyan 7,082 6,925 3 15 4. Cheruman 2 6 5. Devendra Kulathan 287 388 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi orPano 3 7. Kadaiyan 239 260 8. Kudumban 17,217 17,298 14 22 9. Kuravan, Sicihanar 955 863 4 10. l\1adari 4 5 11. Pagadai 1,582 1,577 13 12. Pallan 26,791 25,827 19 ':)7 13. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 11,311 10,999 7 21 14. Puthirai Vannan 236 287 15. Samban 1,338 1,2,53 3 16. Semman 15 21 17. Thoti 86 76 18., Tiruvalluvar 12 15 19. Valluvan 87 85 20. Unclassified 1,457 1,490 3 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT TOTAL 79,947 77,963 303 263 2 3 I. Adi-Dravicia 8,489 8,066 43 8 2. ArunthathiyaJ' 1,9J.G 1,746 9 4 3. Baira 4. Bandi 5. Chakkiliyan 5,275 5,301 14 3 6. Cheruman 47 53 7. Devendra Kulathan 1,029 1,076 8 B. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 15 10 9. Gosangi 4 3 10. Holeyu 5 072 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 ------_------_--- Divorced! Unspecified Total Never i\brricd Separated Status l\Iarried SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Femaks Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 J2 33 8,049 8,646 2,370 963 5;:191 7,013 3. 1O 18 2 (3 16 4. 374 434 128 68 232 323 5. 6. 283 264 75 23 200 227 7. 17,370 18,654 5,813 2,755 11,043 14,:347 8. 999 1,190 240 68 717 1,030 9. 4 6 4 6 10. ~,831 1,942 491 196 1,260 1,603 11. 34,079 35,961 11,023 4,761 21,B27 17,815 12. 13,830 14,700 4,681 1,991 B,6119 11,386 13. 377 332 105 49 253 251 14. 1,523 1,581 4:77 236 993 1,217 15. 19 16 4 3 15 12 16. 129 123 34 9 89 110 17. 3 23 1 5 2 18 18, 238 129 82 23 14-9 8 1; J9. ),883 2,096 680 297 1,136 1,574 20. 2 4 8 90,375 100,510 30,365 14,884 56,787 77.332 8,868 11,335 3,173 2,024 5,557 ti,383 1. 1,970 2,003 540 241 1,371 1,586 ~. 3, 1 1 4. 5,468 5,815 1,795 721 3,472 4,585 5. 63 66 16 8 45 52 6. 1,149 1,364 377 170 722 1,088 7. 13 II 6 7 II 8, 11 10 9. 8 16 3 4 4 10 10, 373 seT II PART A AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 ------.------~------~------Divorced! Unspecified 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Femaks Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT 3. Chakkiliyan 155 488 133· 182 4. Cheruman 5. Devendra Kulathan 8 34 6 9 6. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 7. Kadaiyan 6 14 2 8. Kudumban 335 1,205 179 346 9. Kuravan, Sidhanar J6 71 26 21 10. Madar; 11. Pagadai 46 102 34 41 12. Pallan 726 2,54:4 502 841 13. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 305 1,005 152 313 3 14. Puthirai Vannan 12 27 7 5 15. Samban 36 100 17 28 16. Semman 1 17. Thoti 6 3 18. Tiruvalluvar 19. Valluvan 7 18 2 20. Unclassified 45 185 22 40 TlRUNELVELI DISTRICT TOTAL 1,959 5,953 1,253 2,331 11 10 1. Adi-Dravida 172 736 64 187 2 2. Arunthathiyar 34 125 25 51 3. Baira 4. Bandi 5. Chakkiliyan 108 3Z8 92 179 2 6. Cheruman 1 6 7. Devendra Kulathan 32 63 18 43 8. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 9. Gosangi 1 10. Holeya 2 374 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ . ,------_. _._----- ~~.----- . Total Never Married Widowed Divorced/ Married Separated SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 2,813 2,741 22 23 2,361 1,301 400 1,388 30 29 3. 2 5 2 4 4. 107 144 90 51 15 89 2 4 5. 6. 76 104 59 45 17 57 2 7. 5,819 6,160 46 17 4,781 2,507 938 3,533 54 103 B. 375 378 327 184 42 88 5 6 9. 3 2 10. 658 646 4 3 552 290 93 340 9 13 11. 11,961 12,179 102 16 9,718 5,165 2,003 b,803 138 195 12 5,050 5,182 35 25 4,163 2,250 816 2,849 36 58 13. 149 108 126 51 22 57 14. 584 480 6 467 212 103 2G3 8 5 15. 8 12 8 7 5 16. 31 31 30 15 16 17. 5 2 3 18. 93 37 2 78 10 12 26 19. 587 728 7 3 495 295 78 421 7 7 20. 41,014 40,632 376 120 33,315 19,756 6,908 20,064 412 688 4,327 4,585 27 29 3,572 2,098 700 2,392 28 66 1. 695 592 22 5 562 303 107 277 4 7 2 3. 4. 2,273 2,324 19 13 1,887 1,201 345 1,071 22 38 5. 25 23 23 10 13 6. 535 578 3 2 434 277 96 292 7 7. 2 5 4 8. 16 7 9 9. 8 7 8 5 2 10. 375 seT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated ---_----_._- ~-- Unspecified ~1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT 55 3. Chakkiliyan 2 4. Cheruman 5. Devendra Kulathan G. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 7. Kadaiyan 8. Kurll1mban 2 4 2 9. Kuravan, Sidhanar 10. Madari 11. Pagadai 12. Pallan 3 4 13. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sarnbavar) 2 11. PlIthirai Vannan 15. Samban 16. Semman 17. Thoti 18. Tirllvallllvar 19. Vallllvan 20. Unclassified 2 TIRU~ELVELI DISTRICT TOTAL 3 4 106 18 11 8 I. Adi· nravicla 3 3 2. Arnntlnthiyar 3. Raira 4. Bandi 5. Chakkiliyan /'. Cberuman 7. Devendra KlIlathan 8. Dam, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 9. Gosangi 10. Holeya 376 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated --~----- Divorced! Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status Sl. No Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 2 B. 9. 10. 11. 2 2 12. 2 13. 14, 15. 16. 17. lB. 19. 20. 78 9 15 1 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 377 4R SCT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Total SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females I 2 3 4- 5 6 7 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT 11. Jaggali 7 2 5 1 3 12. Kadaiyan 427 206 221 87 85 13. Kudumban 107,790 53,503 54,287 27,152 22,232 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 4,725 2,343 2,382 1,158 978 15. Madari 45 22 23 11 15 16. Madiga 9 6 3 2 3 17. Nalakeyava 2 2 lB. I'agadai 5,914 2,956 2,958 1,564 1,2139 19. Pallan 142,932 70,943 71,989 36,815 30,825 20. Panan 25 17 8 9 5 21. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 61,503 29,665 31,838 16,088 13,442 22. Paravan 78 62 16 14 23. Pulayan or: Cheramar 16 5 11 3 7 24. Puthirai Vannan 4,096 2,052 2,044 1,061 856 25. Samban 10,020 4,553 5,467 2,307 2,330 26. Semman 54 14 40 8 17 27. Thoti 69 28 41 IS 18 28. Tiruva'luvar 313 144 169 90 71 29. Valluvan 1,632 763 869 400 370 30. Vannan 316 147 169 69 70 31. Unclassified 3,78; 1,969 1,819 1,098 865 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT TOTAL 40,333 19,894 20,439 11,566 9,884 1. Ayyanavar 632 333 299 210 157 2. Bharatar 513 229 284 151 168 3. Chakkiliyan 1,155 584 571 325 292 4. Domban 26 20 6 13 4 5. Kakkalan 26 14 12 8 4 6, Kavara 252 103 149 59 88 7. Kootan (Koodan) 49 23 26 22 13 378 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0-14 ------~----> Married Widowed Divorced/ Unspecified Separated Status Total SI. No. Males Females Males Female, Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2 3 11. 109 104 10 31 55 72 12. 23,31 ~ 24,655 2,513 6,658 523 738 3 4 19,326 18,847 13. 1,074 1,106 92 256 19 42 869 876 14. 9 8 2 10 11 15. 4 3 16. 17. 1,291 1,362 79 276 21 31 1,179 I,Ill 18. 30,405 31,751 3,053 8,265 665 1,137 5 11 26,607 26,454 19. 8 2 2 4 20. 12,257 14,002 1,200 4,023 117 367 3 4 11,781 10,727 21. 62 2 6 22. 2 3 3 7 23. 884 970 80 200 27 18 768 728 24. 2,054 2,414 161 652 30 71 1,595 1,918 25. 6 17 2 4 4 16 26. 12 18 4 11 16 27. 52 70 23 5 70 56 28. 339 384 22 99 2 16 293 301 29. 72 72 4 24 2 3 50 55 30. 799 761 68 184 4 9 789 744 31. 7,615 7,970 603 2,281 109 300 1 4 8,038 8,020 103 109 19 27 1 6 146 122 1. n 93 5 22 2 106 140 2. 238 242 19 34 2 3 261 257 3. 6 2 7 4 4. 6 6 2 8 4 5. 14 41 45 3 2 42 82 6. 12 16 14 7. 379 seT II PART A -AGE AND MARITAL Age 0-14 Never Si. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT 1l. Jaggali 3 12. Kadaiyan 54 72 13. Kudumban 19,312 18,834 14 12 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 867 873 2 2 15. Madari 10 11 16. Madiga 3 17. Nalakeyava 18. Pagadai 1,175 l,ilO 4 19. Pallan 26,441 26,232 164 214 20. Panan 2 4 21. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 11,754 10,715 26 10 22. Paravan 6 23. Pulayan or Cheramar 3 7 24. Puthirai Vannan 767 727 25. Samban 1,595 1,918 26. Semman 4 16 27. Thoti II 15 28. Tiruvalluvar 70 56 29. Valluvan 292 301 30. Vannan 50 55 31. Unclassified 764 744 25 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT TOTAL 8,035 7,965 2 35 10 J. Ayyanavar 146 122 2. Bharatar 106 135 5 3. Chakkiliyan 261 257 4. Domban 7 4 5. Kakkalan 8 4 6. Kavara 42 74 2 6 7. Kootan (Koodan) 16 11 2 1 380 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Never Divorced I Unspecified Total Married Sl. No. Separated Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 11. 105 105 31 13 72 84 12. 23,363 24,943 7,686 3,380 14,715 19,550 13. 1,021 J,078 286 104 702 904 14. 8 12 1 4 7 8 15. 5 2 3 16. 17. 1,276 1,366 387 173 847 1,102 18. 2 2 6 30,321 32,466 10,282 4,560 18,868 25,089 19. 12 4 7 5 20. 12,271 14,978 4,297 2,719 7,646 Il,05S 21. 62 9 8 62 22. 2 3 2 3 23. 922 990 291 127 582 793 24. 2,103 2,597 703 411 1,344 1,965 25. 7 18 3 1 4 14 26. 11 17 4 3 7 13 27. 54 83 19 15 34 58 28. 309 385 108 68 194 294- 29. 71 77 19 15 50 55 30. 813 754 329 113 465 608 31. 9 1 1 8,223 .8,926 3,490 1,907 4,539 6,289 126 130 61 32 52 87 1. 94 112 45 33 48 73 2. 241 259 63 35 175 212 3. 13 2 6 6 2 4. 3 7 3 6 5. 46 57 17 14- 28 38 6. 7 12 6 2 10 7. 381 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44- Unspecified Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced/ S1. No. Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT H. Jaggali 12. Kadaiyan 2 8 13. Kudumban 561 1,415 398 595 3 3 14. Kuravan, Sidhanar 16 50 17 20 15. Madari 16. Madiga 17. Nalakeyava 18. Pagadai 28 65 14 26 19. Pallan 635 1,932 484 882 2 3 20. Panan 2 21. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 235 941 91 258 2 2 22. Paravan 23. Pulayan or Cheramar 24. Puthirai Vannan 26 57 23 13 25. Samban 33 167 22 54 26. Semman 3 27. Thoti 28. Tiruvalluvar 8 2 29. Valluvan 7 15 8 - 30. Vannan 4 1 3 - 31. Unclassified 17 26 2 7 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT TOTAL 127 507 67 220 3 1. Ayyanavar 12 6 1 5 2. Bharatar 5 1 3. Chakkiliyan 2 9 3 4. Domban 5. Kakkalan 6, Kavara 3 2 7. Kootan (Koodan) 382 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ ------Total Never Widowed Divorced I Married Married Separated S1. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 1 II. 46 44 2 36 20 8 23 12. 10,812 10,493 154 13 8,582 5,089 1,952 5,243 124 143 13. 450 428 2 370 200 76 205 2 22 14. 4 2 2 15. 16. 17. 501 480 2 6 440 260 51 209 7 5 18. 14,012 13,064 91 32 11,371 6,444 2,368 6,333 181 253 19. 3 3 20. 5,537 6,129 36 5 4,525 2,933 950 3,081 26 109 2i. 22. 23. 361 326 3 2 300 176 54 143 4 5 24. 855 952 9 710 449 128 485 8 17 25. 2 6 ... 2 3 2 26. 6 8 5 4- 3 27. 20 30 18 12 15 3 28. 161 183 145 90 14 84- 2 8 :19. 11 37 8 17 3 20 30. 366 318 4 5 309 153 51 158 2 2 31. 3,633 3,493 41 12 3,014 1,646 476 1,764 42 71 61 47 3 3 51 22 7 21 1. 29 32 23 15 5 17 2. 82 55 63 30 17 25 3. 4. 3 3 5. 15 10 13 5 2 5 6. 7. t183 seT II PART A-AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated --~~--.- Never Unspecified Total 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT 11. Jaggali 12. Kadaiyan 13. Kudumban 2 4 J4. Kuravan, Sidhanar 3 3 15. Madari 16. Madiga 17. Nalakeyava 18 Pagadai 19. Pallan 2 3 5 20. Panan 21. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 76 4 3 22. Paravan 23. Pulayan or Cheramar 24. Puthirai Vannan 25. Samban 26. Semman 27. Thoti 28. Tiruvalluvar 29. Valluvan 30. Vannan 15 31. Unclassified 3 3 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT TOTAL • 1. Ayyanavar 2. Bharatar 3. Chakkiliyan 4. Domban 5. Kakkalan 6. Kavara 7. Kootan (Koodan) 384 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES ------Age not stated Divorced I Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 11. 12. 4 1 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 2 4 19. ~o. 60 15 21. 22. 23. 1 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 14 1 30. 31. 1. 2, 3, 5, 6. 7, 385 49 seT II PART A AGE AND MARITAL Total ------_ ----_ 81. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT 8. Kuravan, 8idhanar 496 255 241 150 82 9. Mannan 16 -7 9 6 5 10. Pallan 2,662 1,299 1,363 735 669 II. Palluvan 12. Panan 157 71 86 36 32 13. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 24,938 12,408 12,530 7,119 5,900 14. Paravan 1,472 748 724 480 373 15. Pathiyan 30 18 12 10 3 16. Pulayan or Cheramar 891 438 453 273 242 17. Thandan 1,105 533 572 313 293 J8. Uraly 385 172 213 123 112 19. Valluvan 567 282 285 166 137 20. Vannan 3,067 1,519 1,548 834 754 21. Ve1an 8 8 8 22. Vetan 630 329 301 201 145 23. Vettuvan 141 61 30 27 36 24. Unclassified 1,1l4 448 666 305 366 386 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Population Age 0-14 ------Divorced! Unspecified Total Married Widowed Separated Status Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 8. 101 130 S 28 115 56 9. S 6 5 10. 521 506 :19 170 4 18 514 517 11. 12. 31 39 4 7 8 26 46 13. 4,823 4,947 394 1,4S5 71 195 3 4,854 4,748 14. 245 258 19 85 4 8 355 301 8 7 2 10 3 15. 16. 149 163 12 36 4 12 199 209 17. 209 202 10 73 4 193 233 49 72 19 10 95 92 18. 19. 107 118 7 26 2 4 121 99 20. 626 634 44 143 1!) 16 589 635 8 21. 118 124 8 30 2 2 133 111 22. 34 35 8 1 16 32 23. 128 223 15 68 9 226 301 24. 387 seT II PART A AGE AND MARITAL Age 0-14 Never Married Widowed Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 . 22 23 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT 8. Kuravan, Sidhanar 115 56 9. ~1annan 6 5 10. Pallan 514 517 11. Palluvan 12. Panan 26 26 9 3 13. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 4,853 4,739 9 14. Paravan 353 296 2 4 15. Pathiyan 10 3 16. Pulayan or Cheramar 199 205 4 17. Thandan 193 233 lB. Uraly 95 92 19. Valluvan 121 99 20. Vann:J.n 589 634 2J. Velan 8 22. Vetan 133 III 23. Vettuvan 16 32 24. Unclassified 226 301 388 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 .------~ -.< ------~ Divorced/ Unspecified Never Separated Status Total Married Married Sl. Nc. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 94 127 35 25 59 95 8. 9. 5H 603 221 150 ::114 402 10. ll. S 23 38 9 6 14 28 12. 5,184 5,514 2,237 1,156 2,828 3,881 13. 273 305 127 77 140 199 14. 7 6 7 6 15. 185 190 74 37 lOt 136 16. 248 250 119 60 126 162 17. 54 36 28 20 26 55 18. 97 139 43 37 51 95 19. 667 656 242 120 402 496 20. 21. 127 127 67 34 60 89 22. 33 31 11 4 22 26 23. 157 274 79 65 74 190 24. 389 seT II PART A -AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44- S1. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Widowed Divorced/ Unspecified Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT 8. Kuravan, Sidhanar 6 9. Mannan 10. Pallan 6 35 3 16 11. Palluvan '" 12. Panan 4 13. Paraiyan Parayan (Sambavar) 77 333 42 141 3 14. Paravan 3 23 3 6 15. Pathiyan 16. Pulayan or Cheramar 5 8 2 9 17. Thandan 3 25 3 18. Uraly 2 9 19. Valluvan 5 2 2 20. Vannan 11 29 12 11 21. Velan 22. Vetan 2 2 23. Vettuvan 1 24. Unclassified 4 11 8 390 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age 45+ Never Divorced/ Total Married Married Widowed Separated SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 46 58 42 35 3 22 8. 3 2 9. 241 243 2 207 104 33 135 2 10. 11. 22 2 17 2 4 12. 2,370 2,268 29 5 1,995 1,057 317 1,152 29 54 13. 120 118 103 55 16 62 14. 3 2 15. 54 54 45 23 7 28 2 3 16. 92 89 83 40 7 48 1 17. 23 35 23 17 17 1 18. 64 47 2 56 23 6 21 2 19. 263 257 3 224 138 33 114 3 5 20. 21. 69 63 58 35 8 28 2 22. 12 17 12 9 8 23. 65 91 54 33 11 57 24. 391 seT II PART A - AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated ---~----"- 51. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Unspecified Total Never Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT 8, Kuravan, Sidhanar 9. Mannan 10. Pallan II. Palluvan 12. Panan 13. Paraiyan, Parayan . (Sambavar) 14. Paravan 15. Pathiyan 16. Pulayan or Cheramar 17. Thandan' 18. Uraly 19. Valluvan 2Q. Vannan 21. Velan 22. Vetan 23. Vettuvan 24. Unclassified 392 ST ATUS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES Age not stated DivorcedJ Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status Sl.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24 . .,. 393 50 seT II PART B - AGE AND MARITAL Total --_--_ --~-~--.----~------~ ~-.- --,. SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 MADRAS STATE TOTAL 251,991 129,185 122,806 68,435 52,800 1. Adiyan 8 7 4- 2. Aranadan 3. lrular 79,835 40,860 38,975 21,796 17,091 4. Kadar 293 158 135 89 69 5. Kammara 26 17 9 6 6 6. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 1,797 985 812 518 376 7. Kattunayakan 6,459 3,171 3,288 1,597 1,423 8. Konda Kapus 3 3 3 9. Konda Reddis 8 5 3 4 10. Koraga 6 4 2 3 2 11. Kota 833 461 372 217 115 12. Kudiya or Melakudi 2 13. Kurichchan 5 2 3 2 14. Kurmbas 1,174 609 565 348 270 15. Kurumans 112 48 64 22 20 16. Mala; Arayan 58 31 27 31 26 17. Malai Pandaram 3 2 18. Malai Vedan 2 19. Malakkuravan 2 2 20. Malasar 1,999 1,056 943 618 429 21. Malay ali 129,952 66,665 63,287 35,084 26,559 22. Mudugar or Muduvan 119 66 53 39 35 23. Palleyar 3 3 24. Palliyan 1,551 789 762 368 393 25. Paniyan 4,779 2,470 2,309 1,341 1,042 26. Pulayan 2,669 1,393 1,276 739 629 27. Sholaga 6,136 3,107 3,029 1,635 1,380 28. Toda 714- 375 339 205 154- 29. Unclassifietl 13,442 6,895 6,547 3,765 2,777 30~ STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Population Age 0-14- Divorced/ Married Widowed Unspecified Separated Status Total SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 55,235 57,564 4,418 10,696 1,084 1,737 13 9 51,808 49,114 3 1. 2. 17,692 18,275 1,137 3,283 231 323 4 3 16,432 15,561 3. 69 63 3 60 57 4. 11 3 5 6 5. 416 373 45 60 6 3 390 327 6. 1,461 1,547 96 289 17 29 1,184 1,330 7. 2 8. 9. 2 10. 205 . 210 27 39 12 8 187 110 11. 1 12. 1 2 13. 220 258 31 32 10 5 279 239 14. 23 34 3 8 2 17 5 15. 31 26 16. 17. 18. 2 19. 409 404 20 100 9 10 475 349 20. 28,407 29,867 2,523 5,703 642 1,147 9 6 26,495 25,440 21. 25 12 6 29 35 22. 3 23. 366 294 40 72 15 3 250 332 24. 1,056 1,069 49 151 24 47 1,143 944 25. 554 550 85 88 15 9 573 561 26. 1,348 1,374 93 215 31 60 1,336 1,282 27. 140 157 24 27 6 160 142 28. 2,821 3,070 244 610 65 90 2,757 2,364 29. 395 seT 11 PART 8 - AGE AND MARITAL Age 0-14 Never Married Widowed 81. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 MADRAS STATE TOTAL 51,665 48,171 13S 906 2 17 I. Adiyan 2. Aranadan 3. Irular 16,389 15,327 41 218 2 6 4. Kadar 60 57 5. Kammara 5 6 6. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 390 327 7. Kattuna yakan 1,173 1,307 II 19 4 8. Konda Kapus 2 9. Konda Reddis 10. Koraga 2 11. Kota 187 106 4 12. Kudiya or Melakudi 13. Kurichchan 1 2 14. Kurmbas 279 239 IS. Kurumans 17 5 16. Malai Arayan 31 26 17. Malai Pandaram 18. Malai Vedan 19. Malakkuravan 20. Malasar 475 348 1 21. Malayali 26,409 24,812 80 614 6 22. Mudugar or Muduvan 29 35 23. Palleyar 24. Palliyan 250 330 2 25. Paniyan 1,143 941 2 26. Pulayan 573 557 3 1 27. Sholaga 1,335 1,263 1 19 28. Toda 160 140 2 29. Unclassified 2,755 2,341 2 22 396 stAtOs FOR SCHEOULED TRIBES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Divorced/ Unspecified Never Separated Status Total Married Married SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 18 6 2 56,840 57,059 16,440 4,473 38,120 48,522 4 4 1. 2. 8 2 17,620 17,958 5,252 1,661 1l,840 15,172 3. 78 56 27 12 51 44 4. 8 2 7 2 5. 409 380 125 49 263 315 6. 1,432 1,486 408 114 984 1,275 7. 1 8. 4 2 3 9. 4 3 10. 173 182 30 9 127 164 11. 12. 13. 223 277 68 31 130 233 14. 18 46 5 15 12 29 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 451 488 140 81 294 349 20. B 6 29,805 29,315 8,550 1,717 19,957 25,370 21. 29 11 10 17 10 22. 3 3 23. 365 339 115 63 235 259 24. 948 1,086 196 101 713 908 25. 625 598 166 72 404 486 26. 1,289 1,420 296 117 934 1,181 27. 145 151 42 13 88 131 28. 3,202 3,259 998 417 2,055 2,591 29. 397 seT II PART Ii AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 .--~--- Divorced/ Unspecified 81. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 MADRAS STATE TOTAL 1,451 2,864 825 1,196 4 4 1. Adiyan 2. Aranadan 3. Irular 341 880 184 244 3 4. Kadar 5. Kammara 6. Kanikaran or Kanikkal' 16 14 5 2 7. Kattunayakan 29 78 11 19 8. Konda Kapus 9. Konda Reddis 10. Koraga 11. Kota 8 2 8 7 12. Kudiya or Melakudi 13. Kurichchan 14. Kurmbas 17 9 8 4 15. Kurumans 1 1 16. Malai Arayan 17. Malai Pandaram 18. Malai Vedan 19. Malakkuravan 20. Malasar 11 48 6 10 21. Malayali 824 1,451 473 774 1 3 22. Mudugar or Muduvan 1 1 23. PaIJeyar 24. Palliyan 5 17 10 >25. Paniyan 17 46 22 31 26. Pulayan 41 33 14 7 27. Sholaga 33 76 26 46 28. Toda 12 6 3 29. Unclassified 95 201 54 50 398 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age 45+ Never Total Married Widowed Divorced! Married Separated SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 20,530 16,628 328 155 16,975 8,133 2,965 7,814 259 523 3 3 1. 2. 6,807 5,452 154 103 5,811 2,882 794 2,396 47 71 3. 20 22 2 18 19 3 4. 4 4 5. 186 105 3 153 58 29 46 6. 555 472 16 2 466 253 67 207 6 10 7. 8. 9. 10. 101 80 78 42 19 37 4 11. 12 13. 107 49 90 25 14 23 2 14. 13 13 11 5 2 7 15. 16. 1 17. 18. I 19. 130 106 3 115 54 9 52 3 20. 10,361 8,531 124 29 8,367 3,883 1,699 4,251 169 365 21. 8 7 8 2 5 22. 23. 174 91 3 131 33 35 55 5 3 24. 379 279 2 343 159 32 105 2 15 25. 193 117 148 61 44 54 2 26. 482 327 4 413 174 60 139 5 14 27. 70 46 3 52 24 12 21 3 28. 936 924 12 19 764 457 149 409 11 39 29, 399 seT II PART B-AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated S1. No. Unspecified Never Name of Scheduled Tribe Status Total Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 MADRAS STATE TOTAL 3 3 7 5 2 I 1. Adiyan 2. Aranadan 3. Irular 1 4 1 4. Kadar 5. Kammara 6. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 7. Kattunayakan B. Konda Kapus 9. Konda Reddis 10. Koraga 11. Kota 12. Kudiya or Melakudi 13. Kurichchan 14. Kurmbas 15. Kurumans 16. Malai Arayan 17. Malai Pandaram lB. Malai Vedan 19. Malakkuravan 20. Malasar 21. Malayali 2 3 4 1 1 22. Mudugar or Muduvan 23. Palleyar 24. Palliyan 25. Paniyan 26. Pulayan 2 27. Sholaga 28. Toda 29. Unclassified ~OO ST A TUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age not stated Divorced/ Married Widowed Unspecified Sepa.rated Status 81. No Males Females Males Fema.les Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 5 3 1 1. 2. 3 I 3. 4-. 5. 6. - 7. 8. 9. - 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. - 20. 3 21. - 22. - 23. - 25. 2 26. - 27. - 28. - 29. 401 51 seT II PART B-AGE AND MARITAL Total SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Neyer Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 MADRAS DISTRICT TOTAL 1,396 674 722 330 219 1. Adiyan 7 7 4 Irular 2. 151 79 72 30 17 3 Kattunayakan 30 12 18 12 7 4. Konda Kapus 3 3 3 5. Konda Reddis 3 3 2 6. Kurumans 53 17 36 12 14 7. Pulayan 8. Unclassified 1,148 552 596 260 181 CIUNGLEPUT DISTRICT TOTAL 26,327 13,642 12,685 6,955 5,245 1. Irular 24,062 12,401 11,661 ,6,309 4,786 2. Kattunayakan 968 544 424 239 169 3. Koraga 3 3 3 4. Toda 2 2 2 5. Unclassified 1,292 . 692 600 402 2S0 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 59,304 30,539 28,765 16,420 12,444 1. Aranadan I 2. Irular 21,411 10,949 10,462 5,528 4,502 3. Kammara 1 4. Kattunayakan 2,270 1,072 1,198 585 552 5. Konda Reddig 6. Kurumans 41 24 17 8 7. Malayali 30,881 16,066 14,815 8,975 6,424 8. Palliyan 5 2 S 9. Toda 1 10. Unclassified 4,692 2,424 2,268 1,322 961- 40~ SfA tU5 fOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Population Age 0-14 Divorced/ Married Widowed Unspecified. Total Separated Status 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 328 406 15 90 1 7 197 179 3 1. 45 43 4 12 15 16 2. 9 2 6 3. 2 4. 5. 5 17 3 2 12 6. 7. 274- 337 11 73 5 168 157 8. 6,264 6,336 362 1,034 61 67 3 5,136 4,828 5,705 5,876 330 933 57 63 3 4,722 4,400 1. 282 205 22 49 144- 160 2. ... 3• .~ .. 2 4 • 277 255 10 52 3 3 268 268 5. 12,972 13,486 954 2,376 193 459 12,056 11,835 1. 5,027 4,962 308 889 86 109 4,169 4,275 2. 3. 458 534 22 101 7 11 453 528 4. 5. 15 13 1 3 3 6. 6,483 6,924 531 1,175 77 292 6,457 6,128 7. 2 8. 9. 987 1,050 92 208 23 46 972 903 ,10. 403 seT iI PARr B - AGE AND MARITAL Age 0-14 Never Si. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Married Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 MADRAS DISTRICT . TOTAL 197 119 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 15 16 3. Kat tuna yakan 6 4. Konda Kapus 2 5. Konda Reddis 6. Kurumans 12 7. Pulayan 8. Unclassified 168 157 CIDNGLEPUT DISTRICT TOTAL 5,111 4,736 25 89 1. Irular 4,698 4,312 24 85 2. Kattunayakan 144 158 2 3. Koraga - 4. Toda 2 5. Unclassified 267 266 1 2 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 12,030 11,658 26 167 3 1. Aranadan 2. lrular 4,162 4,188 7 79 3 3. Kammara 4. Kattunayakan 447 524 6 4 5. Konda Reddis 6. Kurumans 3 1 7. Malayali 6,445 6,053 12 74 8. PalIiyan 1 9. Toda 10. Unclassified 971 892 1 10 404 STAtus FOR SCHEDULED TRII3ES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Divorced/ Unspecified Never Separated Status Total Married Married SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 394 424 133 40 255 350 4 4 1. 54 45 15 1 37 37 2. 12 9 12 8 3. 4. 3 2 5. 2 31 14 2 16 ,6. 7. 317 339 98 24 215 289 8. 1 2 6,199 6,110 1,'174 446 4,259 5,320 1 2 5,602 5,643 1,545 413 3,902 4,926 1. 277 197 93 11 179 173 2. 3 3 3. 4. 317 270 133 22 178 221 5. '2 13,728 13,147 4,304 773 8,963 11,500 1. 5 4,765 4,795 1,346 309 3,270 4,190 2. 1 3. 432 492 129 28 295 437 4. 5. 13 12 5 8 11 6. 7,374 6,780 2,479 364- 4,648 5,958 7. 3 2 8. 1 9. 1 1,143 1,063 345 71 741 901 10. 400 SCT II pART B-AGE AND MARitAL Age 15 - 44 Divorced/ Unspecified sL No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 MADRAS DISTRICT TOTAL 5 30 1 4 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 2 7 3. Kattunayakan 4. Konda Kapus 5. Konda Reddis 6. Kurumans 1 7. Pulayan 8. Unclassified 3 23 3 CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT TOTAL 118 296 48 47 1 1. Irular 110 257 45 46 2. Kattunayakan 5 13 3. Koraga 4. Tocla 5. Unclassified 3 26 3 NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 318 625 143 249 1. Aranadan 2. lrular 79 212 .. 70 .84 3. Kammara 4. Kattunayakan 5 22 .3 5 5. Kanda Reddis 6. Kurumans 7. MalayaH 196 324 51 134 8. Palliyan 9. Toda 1 10, Unclassified 38 66 19 .. 25 406 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age 45+ .----- Total Never Married Widowed Divorced/ Married Separated SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 r 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 83 119 73 56 10 60 3 3 3 1. ]0 11 B 6 2 5 2. 3 2 3. 4. 5. 3 5 3 3 6. 7. 67 100 59 48 8 50 2 B. 2,307 1,744 70 63 1,980 925 244 737 13 19 2,077 1,615 66 61 1,779 863 220 675 12 16 1. 123 67 2 lOS 30 17 36 2. 3. 4. 107 62 2 2 98 32 7 26 2 5. 4,753 3,782 85 13 3,982 1,818 636 1,748 50 203 1. 2,014 1,391 19 5 1,750 .692 229 674 16 20 2. 3. 187 178 9 157 93 17 79 4 6 4. 5. 8 4 7 2. 2. 6. 2,234 1,907 51 7 1,822 892 335 851 26 157 7. 1 8. 9. lI09 302 6 245 139 54 142 t 20 10. i07 seT II PART B - AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated -_:__------Unspecified Never SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Status Total Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 MADRAS DISTRICT TOTAL 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 3. Kattunayakan 4. Konda Kapus 5. Konda Reddis 6. Kurumans 7. Pulayan 8. Unclassified CHINGLEPUT DISTRICT TOTAL 3 1. Irular 3 2. Kattunayakan 3. Koraga 4. Toda 5. Unclassified NORTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 2 1 1 1. Aranadan 2. Irular 1 1 1 3. Kammara 4. Kattunayakan 5. Konda Reddis 6. Kurumans 7. Malayali 8. Palliyan 9. Toda )0. Unclasoified 408 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age not stated Divorced I Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8, 2 1 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1 1 1. 2. 3. -1". 5. 6. 1 7. 8. 9. 10. 409 52 seT II PART B - AGE AND MARITAL Total -~~"- ---- SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Never :Married Persons Males Females Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 13,536 6,843 6,693 3,578 2,703 l. Irular 12,177 6,151 6,026 3,226 2,500 2. Kattunayakan 393 147 246 67 87 3. Kurichchan 1 4. Palliyan 43 17 26 8 3 5. Unclassified 922 527 395 276 113 SALEM DISTRICT TOTAL 100,516 51,308 49,208 26,720 20,607 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 4,641 2,416 2,225 1,366 1,022 3. Kadar 2 2 4. Kattunayakan 158 84 74 46 31 5. Koraga 6. Malayali 92,730 47,299 45,431 24,491 18,853 7. Sholaga 68 31 37 9 19 8. Unclassified 2,915 1,477 1,438 808 682 COIMBATORE DISTRICT TOTAL 20,143 10,313 9,830 5,914 4,666 1. Irular 10,598 5,396 5,202 3,267 2,572 2. Kadar 287 158 129 89 65 3. Kammara 25 17 8 6 6 4. Kattunayakan 20 12 8 7 4 5. Kurumans 17 6 11 2 5 6. Malasar 1,999 1,056 943 618 429 7. Mudugaror Muduvan 28 14 14 9 7 8. Pulayan 46 23 23 16 15 9. Sholaga 5,950 3,009 2,941 1,583 1,342 10. Toda 11. Unclassified 1,172 621 551 316 221 4~O STAtus FOR SCHEDULED tRIBES Population Age 0-14 Unspecified Divorced/ Total No. Married Widowed Separated Status St. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females a 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 3,030 3,311 181 618 53 61 1 2,647 2,498 2,721 2,924 158 547 45 55 2,373 2,307 1. 75 135 5 23 63 85 2. 3. a 19 3 1 6 3 4. 226 233 17 45 8 4 204 103 5. 22,076 23,155 1,930 4,549 570 891 12 6 20,517 19,664 1. 979 1,004 61 178 7 21 3 1,039 990 2. 2 3. 35 35 2 8 34 29 4. 1 5. 20,437 21,492 1,8H 4,226 548 854- 9 6 18,832 18,098 6. 20 14 2 4 7 19 7. 604 608 51 132 14- 16 605 528 8. 4,016 4,205 317 840 66 119 4,530 3,874 1,947 2,103 163 478 19 49 2,418 1,99D 1. 69 61 3 60 53 2. 11 2 5 6 3. 4 4 3 4 4. 2 4 2 2 2 4 5. 409 404 20 100 9 10 475 349 6. 4 4 1 S 7 7 7. 7 8 16 14- 8. 1,304- 1,340 91 205 31 54 1,298 1,248 9. 10. 259 275 39 49 7 6 245 199 11. 411 seT II PART B - AGE AND MARITAL Age 0-14 ------Never SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Married Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 2,641 2,466 6 31 1. Iru1ar 2,368 2,280 5 26 2. Kattunayakan 62 81 4 3, Kurichchan 4. Palliyan 6 3 5. Unclassified 204 102 1 SALEM DISTRICT TOTAL 20,443 19,102 68 547 8 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 1,035 975 4 13 2 3. Kadar 4. Kattunayakan 34- 27 2 5. Koraga 6. Malayali 18,762 17,558 64 527 6 7. Sholaga 7 18 1 8. U ncIassified 605 524- 4- COIMBATORE DISTRICT TOTAL 4,528 3,850 2 23 I. Irular 2,417 1,988 1 2. Kadar 60 53 3. Karnmara 5 6 4. Kattunayakan 3 4 5. Kurumans 2 4- 6. Malasar 475 348 1 7. lVludugar or l\fuduvan 7 7 8. Pulayan 16 14- 9. Sholaga 1,297 1,230 1S 10. Toda 1 11. Unclassified 245 196 3 412 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age 0-14 Age 15-44 Divorced I Unspecified Total Never Separated Status Married Married Sl. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 1 2,983 3,231 910 223 1,975 2,775 2,670 2,883 831 206 1,758 2,465 1. 61 108 5 G 55 95 2. 3. 8 18 2 6 17 4. 244 222 72 11 156 198 5. 7 6 22,630 22,714 6,195 1,472 15,388 19,435 1. 1,012 946 320 47 664 829 2. 3. 36 35 12 4 23 30 4. 5. 7 6 20,879 21,038 5,661 1,272 14,233 18,080 6. 16 13 2 H 12 7. 686 681 200 148 453 483 8. 1 4,333 4,499 1,368 792 2,813 3,374 2,257 2,276 841 566 1,357 1,569 1. 78 55 27 12 51 43 2. 8 7 3. 7 3 3 4 3 4. 3 3 2 2 5. 451 488 140 294 349 6. 6 4- 2 3 3 7. 7 8 7 7 8. 1,248 1,381 283 112 906 1,154 9. 10. 268 280 71 19 182 243 11. 413 SCT II PART B - AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 81. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Divoroed/ Unspecified Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 57 188 40 45 1 1. Irular 47 171 33 41 2. Kattunayakan 6 3. Kurichchan 4. Palliyan 5. Unclassified 9 10 7 3 SALEM DISTRICT TOTAL 619 1,140 425 664 3 3 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 19 52 7 18 2 3. Kadar 4. Kattunayakan 1 5. Koraga 6. Malayali 577 1,044 407 639 3 7. Sholaga B. Unclassified 23 43 10 7 COIMBATORE DISTRICT TOTAL 101 242 51 91 1. Irular' 45 106 14 35 2. Kadar 3. Kammara 4. Kattunayakan 5. Kurumans 1 6, Malasar 11 48 6 10 7. Mudugar Of Muduvan 1 8. Pulayan 9. Sholaga 33 74 26 41 10. Toda 11. Unclassified 10 13 5 5 414 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age 45+ - ~------Divorced/ Never Married Widowed 81. No. Total Married Separated Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 41 48 49 1,213 964 27 14 1,049 505 124 430 13 15 1,108 836 27 14 953 433 111 376 12 13 I. 23 53 19 36 4 17 2. 3. 3 5 2 2 2 'L 79 70 70 34 8 35 5_ 8,159 6,829 81 32 6,619 3,173 1,311 3,401 US 220 1. 365 289 11 311 162 4-2 124- 3 2 3. 14 10 12 3 2 7 4. 5. 7,586 6,294 67 22 6,139 2,885 1,237 3,176 141 208 6. 8 5 6 2 4 7. 186 229 .3 10 151 121 28 89 4- 9 8. 1,450 1,457 18 24 1,201 808 216 598 15 27 721 936 9 18 589 533 lIB 372 5 13 1. 20 21 2 18 18 3 2. 4 4 1 3. 2 1 4. 4 2 2 5. 130 J06 3 J 15 54 9 52 3 6. 3 1 2 7. 1 B. 463 312 3 397 168 58 131 5 13 9. to. 108 72 • !" 6 77 29 29 36 2 p . 415 seT II PART B-AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated ----- Unspecified Total Never SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 SOUTH ARCOT DISTRICT TOTAL 1. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 3. Kurichchan 4. Palliyan 5. Unclassified SALEM DISTRICT TOTAL 3 3 2 1 1 1 1. Adiyan 2. Irular 3. Kadar 4. Kattunayakan 5. Koraga 6. Malayali 2 3 2 1 1 7 Sholaga 8. Unclassified COIMBATORE DISTRICT TOTAL 1. Irular 2. Kadar 3. Kammara 4. Kattunayakan 5. Kurumans 6. Malasar 7. Mudugar or Muduvan 8. Pulayan 9. Sholaga 10. Toda II. Unclassified 416 ST A TUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age not stated Married Widowed Divorced! Unspecified Separated Status SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 I. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1 1. 2. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 417 53 seT II PART B- AGE AND MARITAL Total ------~--.---~ ---~------SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Never Married Persons Males Females l\fales Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 N1LGlRIS DISTRICT , TOTAL 12,948 6,681 6,2;7 3,541 2,721. 1. Irular 4,502 2,327 2,175 1,220 964 2. Kattunayakan 612 299 313 165 141 3. Koraga 2 2 2 4. Kota 332 460 372 ~17 115 5. Kudiya or Melakudi 2 6. Kurmbas 1,174 609 565 248 270 7. Palliyan 8. Paniyan 4,777 2,468 2,309 1,339 1,042 9. Sholaga 117 66 51 42 19 10. Toda 706 370 336 200 153 11. Unclassified 223 80 143 9 15 MADURAI DISTRICT TOTAL 5,510 2,829 2,681 1.551 1,388 1. Irular 8 3 5 2. Kattunayakan 540 283 257 136 143 3. Kanda Reddis 4 3 4. Kota 5. Mudllgar or l\1uduvan 91 !i2 39 30 28 6. Palliyan , 1,'310 665 G4S 327 325 7. Paniyan 8. Pulayan 2,603 l,359 1,244 720 614 9. Sho1aga 10. Toda 3 2 2 11. Unclassified 948 461 4B7 332 276 TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT TOTAL 8,801 4,512 4,289 2,472 2,069 1. Irular 2,154 1,085 1,069 809 69, 2. Kattunayakan 154 55 99 26 '27 3. Kurumans 4. Malayali 6,341 3,300 3,041 1,618 1,282 5. Palliyan 123 64 59 )5 57 6. Unclassified 28 7 21 4 8 418 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Population Age 0-14 - ..-----~~-~ ------. ------_-- -- .------_-- _- Unspecified l\;1arried Divorced! Total vVidowcd Separated Status SI. Nv. Males Females IVIaies Females "lales Females Males Females Males Females 3 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 2,841 3,031 227 423 72 92 2,935 2,466 1,006 1,052 87 139 14 20 995 874 I. 127 155 3 15 4- 2 136 129 2. 2 3. 2U4 :1I0 27 39 12 3 187 110 4. 5. 220 258 31 32 10 5 279 239 6. 7. 1,056 1,069 49 151 24 47 1,141 944 8. 24 :20 6 6 31 15 9. 140 156 24 27 6 157 142 10. 63 110 6 14- 2 4 :3 11 lL 1,101 1,069 140 212 37 12 1,172 1,145 2 5 1. 142 93 5 21 104 140 2. 3. 4. 21 8 3 22 28 5. 285 249 39 69 14- 2 232 266 6. 7. 540 534- 84 88 15 8 556 547 8. 9. 10. 110 179 12 30 7 2 257 164 11. 1,811 1,787 209 420 20 13 1,894 1,975 248 270 25 98 3 6 668 677 1. 26 57 3 12 3 17 21 2. 3. 1,487 1,451 178 307 17 1,206 1,214- 4. 49 2 1 57 5. 7 3 3 3 2 6 6. 419 set 1I PART B - AGE AND MAIUrAL Age 0-14 51. No. Never Married Widowed Name of Scheduled Tribe Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 :!3 NILGIRIS DISTRICT TOTAL 2,935 2,446 19 1. hular 995 863 11 2. Kattunayakan 136 129 3. Koraga 2 4. Kota 187 106 4 5. Kudiya or Melakudi 6. Kurmbas 279 239 7. Palliyan 8. Paniyan 1,141 941 2 9. Sholaga 31 15 10. Tada 157 140 2 11. Unclassified 8 11 MADURAI DISTRICT TOTAL 1,172 1,133 11 1 1. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 104- 136 4 3. Konda Reddis 4. Kota 5. Mudugar or Muduvan 22 28 6. Palliyan 232 264 2 7. Paniyan 8. Pulayan 556 543 3 9. Sholaga 10. Tada 11. Unclassified 257 162 2 TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT TOTAL 1,888 1,959 4 15 2 1 1. Irular 666 674 2 2 2. Kattunayakan 17 21 3. Kurumans 4. Malayali 1,202 1,201 4 13 5. Palliyan 57 6. Unclassified 2 6 420 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age O-H Age 15-44 .------Divorced/ Unspecified Never Separated Status Total Married Married SI. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 1 2,628 3,034 596 270 1,887 2,579 946 1,034 222 96 682 887 1. 117 152 29 12 85 132 2. 3. 172 182 30 9 126 164 4. 5. 223 277 68 31 130 233 6. 1 7. 1 948 1,086 196 101 713 908 8. 24 26 10 4 14 15 9. 143 149 40 13 88 130 10. 54 127 1 4 48 109 11. 1,239 1,238 377 254 777 911 5 5 1. 138 93 32 7 103 78 2. 1 2 3. 1 4. 23 7 8 14 7 5. 308 295 93 61 200 218 6. 7. 613 584 164 71 394 474 8. 9. 2 2 10. 151 252 75 H4 65 128 11. 1,903 1,862 558 110 1,266 1,618 297 293 124 21 162 231 1. 24 62 9 6 13 47 2. 3. 1,552 1,497 410 81 1,076 1,332 4. 29 2 14 15 2 5. 8 2 6 6. 421 set if pART B -AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44- ------~--. ------SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Widowed Divorccd/ Unspecified Separated Status Males Females I,Iates Females Males Females 34 35 36 37 38 39 NILGmIS DISTRICT TOTAL 86 115 59 70 J. lrular 29 34 13 17 2. Kattunayakan 6 3 2 3. Koraga 4. Kota 8 2 8 7 5. Kudiya or Melakudi 6. Kurmbas 17 9 8 4- 7. Palliyan 8. Paniyan 17 46 22 31 9. Sholaga 2 5 10. Toda 12 {, 3 11. Unclassified 3 10 2 4 MADURAI DISTRICT TOTAL 53 66 32 7 I. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 3 8 3. Konda Reddis 4. Kota 5. Mudugar or Muduvan 6. Palliyan 5 16 10 7. Paniyan 8. Pulayan 41 33 14 6 9. Sholaga 10. Toda 11. Unclassified 4- 9 7 TIRUCHIRAPALLI DISTRICT TOTAL 62 127 17 7 1. Irular 9 38 2 3 2. Kattunayakan 2 6 3 3. Kurumans 4. Malayali 51 83 15 5. Palliyan 6. Unclassified 422 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age 45+ "------~----. Never Divorced/ Total Married Married Widowed Separated S1. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 1,118 767 10 5 954 433 141 308 13 21 386 267 3 5 324 154 58 105 3 L 46 32 42 23 3 9 2. 3. 101 80 78 42 19 37 4 4. 5. 107 49 90 25 14 23 2 6. 7. 379 279 2 343 159 32 105 2 15 8. 11 10 10 5 4 9. 70 45 3 52 24 12 21 3 10. 18 5 15 3 4 II. 416 298 2 1 322 147 87 145 5 5 2 2 1. 41 24 39 11 2 13 2. 1 3. 4. 7 4 7 3 5. 125 84 2 85 29 34 53 4 2 6. 7. 188 113 144 57 43 54 2 8. 9. 10. 53 71 45 49 H 21 1l. 714 452 26 540 154 145 292 3 6 120 99 19 86 37 14 59 3 1. 14 16 13 10 6 2. 3. 541 330 6 406 106 127 224 2 4. 34 34 5. 4 7 3 3 3 6, 423 seT II PART B - AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated ~---~- Unspecified SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Never Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 NILGIRIS DISTRICT TOTAL 1. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 3. Koraga 4. Kota 5. Kudiya or Melakudi 6. Kurmbas 7. Palliyan 8. Paniyan 9. Shalaga 10. Tada II. Unclassified MADURAI DISTRICT TOTAL 2 1. lrular 2. Kattunayakan 3. Kanda Reddis 4. Kota 5. Mudugar ar Muduvan 6. Palliyan 7. Paniyan 8. Pulayan 2 9. Shalaga 10. Tada 11. Unclassified TIRUCIURAPALLI DISTRICT TOTAL 1 Irular 2. Kattunayakan 3. Kurumans 4. Malayali 1 5. Palliyan 6. Unclassified 424 ST A TUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age not stated Unspecified Married Divorced! Widowed Separated Status SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. ll. 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 2 8. 9. 10. 11. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. seT II PART B - AGE AND MARITAL Total -- --_---_.. _- -- -.-~------~------Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Never Married Persons Males Females Males Females 1 2 3 4- 5 6 7 THANJAVUR DISTRICT TOTAL 273 140 133 53 55 1. lrular 38 17 21 7 6 2. Ka ttuna yakan 202 102 100 41 46 3. Kurichchan 2 4. Pulayan 5. Toda 6. U nclassifiecl 29 19 10 5 3 RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TOTAL 792 397 395 185 138 1. Kattunayakan 763 380 383 179 136 2. Palliyan 29 17 12 6 2 TIRUNELVELl DISTRICT TOTAL 703 370 333 196 155 1. Irular 6 3 3 3 2. Kadar 4 4 4 3. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 195 106 89 44 27 4. Kattunayakan 349 181 168 94 80 5. Kurichchan 2 2 2 6. Malai Arayan 58 31 27 31 26 7. Palliyan 40 23 17 11 5 8. Paniyan 9. Pulayan 18 9 9 2 10. Unclassified 30 16 14 10 10 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT TOTAL 1,742 937 805 520 390 1. Irular 87 33 54 30 26 2. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 1,602 879 723 474 349 3. Malai Pandararn 3 2 4. Malai Vedan 2 5. Malakkuravan 2 2 6. Palleyar 3 3 7. Unclassified 43 19 24 15 14 426 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Population Age 0-14 Unspecified Married Widowed Divorced/ Separated Status Total 81. No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 80 72 6 5 1 1 44 52 9 14 2 6 1. 56 51 4 2 37 43 2. 3. 4. 5. 14 5 2 5 3 6. 191 212 18 36 3 9 120 113 181 202 18 36 2 9 117 112 1. 10 10 3 2. 154 150 19 26 1 2 166 145 2 3 1 1. 4 2. 56 57 6 5 37 25 3. 75 67 11 20 76 73 4. 2 5. 31 26 6. 12 12 7 5 7. 8. 7 8 9. 4 4 2 10 9 10. 371 344 40 67 6 4 394 340 3 20 8 28 25 1 360 316 39 55 6 3 353 302 2. 3. 4. 2 .5. 3 6. 3 7 2 13 13 7. 427 seT II PART B AGE AND MARitAL Age 0-14 Never SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Married Married Widowed Males Females Males Females Males Females 18 19 20 21 22 23 THANJAVUR DISTRICT TOTAL 40 49 4 3 1. Irular 2 5 2. Kattunayakan 33 41 4 2 3. Kurichchan 4. Pulayan 5. Toda 6. Unclassified 5 3 ~RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TOTAL 120 113 1. Kattunayakan 117 112 2. Palliyan 3 1 TIRUNELVELl DISTRICT TOTAL 166 140 1 " 1. Irular 3 2. Kadar 4 3. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 37 25 4. Kattunayakan 76 68 4 5. Kurichchan 2 6. Malai Arayan 31 26 7. Palliyan 7 5 8. Paniyan 1 - 9. Pulayan 1 10. Unclassified 10 9 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT TOTAL 394 340 1. lrular 28 25 2. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 353 302 3. Malai Pandaram 4. Malai Vedan 5. Malakkuravan f. Palleyar 7. Unclassified 13 13 .... - ... - 428 stATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age 15-44 Age 0-14- -~--- Never Married SI. No. Divorced/ Unspecified Total Married Separated Status Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males 29 30 31 32 33 24- 25 26 27 28 66 61 13 6 51 58 6 11 1. 12 12 5 32 42 2. 4-1 4-9 8 5 3. 1 4-. 1 5. 12 4 6. 12 5 222 221 62 24 148 184 139 174 210 216 59 23 1. 12 11 3 9 10 2. 143 146 28 14 106 121 2 2 1. 2. 50 53 7 2 39 50 3. 77 70 17 11 56 56 4. 5. 6. 7 10 "3 4- 10 7. 8. 4 6 3 5 9. 5 5 4 4 10. 372 360 122 49 232 291 4 24 2 1 2 20 1. 359 327 118 47 224 265 2. 3. 1 4. 5. 3 3 6. 4 7 2 1 5 7. 429 set II PART B AGE AND MARITAL Age 15-44 Divorced/ Unspecified Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Widowed Separated Status Males Females Males Females Males Females 34 35 % 37 38 39 THANJAVUR DISTRICT TOTAL 1 2 1 1 1. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 3. Kurichchan 4. Pulayan 5. Toda 6. Unclassified RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TOTAL 10 13 2 6 1. Kattunayakan 10 13 2 6 2. Palliyan TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT TOTAL 8 3 1 Z 1. Irular 2. Kadar 3. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 4 4. Kattunayakan 3 2 5. Kurichchan 6. Malai Arayan 7. Palliyan 8. Paniyan 9. Pulayan 10. Unclassified ... KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT TOTAL 13 17 5 3 1. Irular 3 "2. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 12 13 5 2 3. Malai Pandaram 4. Malai Vedan 5. Malakkuravan 6. Palleyar .... - 7. Unclassified 1 430 STATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age 45+ Divorced/ Never ,Married Widowed SI. No. Total Married Separated Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 30 14 25 11 5 3 3 3 3 2 1. 24 8 20 7 4 2 3. 4. 5. 2 2 2 6. 55 55 3 l 43 28 8 23 1 3 53 55 3 42 28 8 23 3 1. 2 2. 61 42 2 1 48 22 11 19 1. 2. 19 11 17 7 2 4 3. 28 25 19 10 8 14 4. 5. 6. 9 2 1 8 2 7. 8. 4 3 4 3 9. 10. 171 105 4 1 139 53 27 50 1 1 5 5 1. 167 94- 3 136 51 27 42 2. 3. 4. 1 5. 6. 2 4 2 2 2 7. ~31 seT II PART 8 - AGE AND MARITAL Age 45 + Age not stated Unspecified Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Total Never Status Married Males Females Males Females Males Females 50 51 52 53 54 55 THANJAVUR DISTRICT TOTAL 1. Irular 2. Kattunayakan 3. Kurichchan 4. Pulayan 5. Toda 6. Unclassified RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TOTAL 1. Kattunayakan 2. Palliyan TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT TOTAL 1. lrular 2. Kadar 3. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 4. Kattunayakan 5. Kurichchan 6. Malai Arayan 7. Palliyan 8. Paniyan 9. Pulayan 10. Unclassified KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT TOTAL I. Irular 2. Kanikaran or Kanikkaf 3. Malai Pandaram 4. Malai Vedan 5. Malakkuravan 6. Palleyar 7. Unclassified 432 • ST ATUS FOR SCHEDULED TRIBES Age not stated Divorced! Unspecified Married Widowed Separated Status SI.No. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 1. L. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 433 55 APPENDICES APPENbIX 1 Part I. SCHEDULED CASTES IN MADRAS STATE. Serial number and names of Serial number and names of SchJduled Castes given in the Scheduled Synonyms prevalent in the Scheduled Castes given in the Scheduled Syno,!)'lns prevalent in the Castes aTld Scheduled Tribes State. Castes and Scheduled Tribes State. Lists jt.-fodification Order, 1956. Lists Modification Order, 1956. (1) (2) (I) (2) I. Throughout the State. 1. Throughout the State-cont. I Chakkiliyan. Osangi. 5 Paraiyan. Vettiyan. Pakadar. Parayan Vetti. Dombar. (Sambavar). Vellam. Kosingh. Vel. Chakkili. Natuvile. Velan. Pani. Meliavandan. Pambaikaran. Ammaparaiyan. 2 Kuravan. Koodaikatti N akkiar. U rumikaran. Sidhanar. Koodaikatti Nattar. Morasu. Narikuravan. Tangalam. Jogi. Samban. Yavanar. Paryan. N esavukarapara yan. Kadukutti. Thotiparayan. ValliammaikuHam. Kongaparayan. Kakkalan. Manna parayan. Veduvar. Semban. Karuvan. 6 Valluvan. Paraiyan Toda. Vaduvan. Alwar Dasari. Uppukuravar. Tavida Dhari. Suthothanar. Valluva Pandaram. Panisaivan or Panisavan. 3 Nayadi. Nandan. 4 Pallan. Devendra. Kothali Valluvan. Kadaiyan. Thothida Valluvan. Pandaram. Konga. Nayam. Mannadi. Nokkan. Kaladi. Vaikaran. Vathuriyan. II. Throughout the State except Kanyakumari Kudumban. district and Shencottah taluk of Tirunelveli district. Deven drakulathan. I Adi-Andhra. Pannikar. 2 Adi-Dravida. Parayan. Pa]van. Kombukaran. Kaladikudumban. 3 Adi-Karnataka. 436 Serial number and names of Seriai number and names oj Scheduled Castes given in the Scheduled Synonyms prevaient in the Scheduled Castes given in the Scheduled S)JflOI~yms preva/ ent in the Castes and Scheduled Tribes State. Castes and Scheduled Tribes State. Lists Modification Order, 1956. Lists Modification Order, 1956. ( 1) (2) ( 1) (2) II. Thro Ztgho ut the State except Kanyakumari II. Throughout the State except Kanyakumari district and Shencottah taluk of Tirunel district and Shencottah taluk of veli district-cont. Tirunelveli district-cont. 4 Ajila. 17 Godda. 5 Arunthathiyar. Sakkilian. 18 Gosangi. Chakkilian. 19 Holcya. Mari Holcya. 6 Baira. Mera. 7 Bakuda. Mundala. Mulada Holeya. 8 Bandi. Salada Holeya. 9 Bellara. Kusamaila. 10 Chalavadi. Raneyava. Mayyan. II Chamar or Kopala. Muchi Mochi. Jinigara. 20 Jaggali. Chitrakara. 21 J ambuvulu. Muchala. 22 Kadaiyan. Kaniyan. 12 Chandala. PaUankotti. 13 Cheruman. Pulachemman. 23 Kalladi. Semman. 24 Karim Palan Eralan. Kudan. 25 Koosa. Rolan. 26 Kudumban. Va thiriyan. Alen. Kurumban. Paramban. 27 Madari. Pamula. 14 Devendra Vadan. Kulathan. Pallan. 28 Madiga. Jambava. IS Dam, Dombara, Domb. Sindhuvallu. Paidi or Pano. Domba. Dakkali. Dombar. Gosangi. Dommara. Mastiga. Mirigani. Puravaba tta. Kabbiriya. Chakkara. Odiya. Chundi. Sodabisiya. Pavini. Mandiri. Vayani. Andiniya. Mayikkall. Kalaikuttadi. Matanga. Dombaravan. Jogi. 29 Maila. 16 Godagali. 30 Mala. 437 Serial number and names oj Serial number and HaineS of Scheduled Castes gii,tI! ill the Schedu/cd Sjllnnyms jJrevalenl in the Scheduled Cash's gil'cn ill the Sc/tcdu/u/ '~)'lIor!)'mS jlremient in the Grille'S and Scheduled Tribes State. Castes alld S,hcdui.. ,/ [, ihe,\ State Lists L1Jodijication Order, 1956. Lists 1110dijiwtivII OrdCl. 195G, (I) (2) (I) (2) II. Throughout the State except Kanyakumari IV. In Coimuatore awl Salem districts. district and Shencottah taluk of Tintnel- veli district-cont. I Pannadi. 2 Vathiriyan. 31 1\1 a Yilan. Tulumar. Chingattan. V. In Kanyakltmllri district (lild Shcllcottah talttk of Tulumavilan. Tz'rullclvd i district. Edamavilan. 1 Ayyanavar. 32 Moger. 2 Bharatar. 33 lUunc1ala. DOlllban. 34 N alakeya va. Nalkc. 3 Nalkadaya. 4 Kakk::Llan, Pagadai. 35 5 Kavara. 6 Paml)ada. 3 6 Kootall (KOl'lLw). 37 Pallchama. 7 Mannan. 8 Panniandi. 3 8 Padannan. Puthirai Vannan. Podarayan. 39 Palluvan Pallavannan. 9 10 Panan. 40 Raneyar. 11 Paravan. Chavalakkaran. Samagara. Arya Samagara. 41 l\Iukkuvan. 42 Samban. Sambunikapu. 12 Pathiyan. Paryan. Parayan. 13 Perumanllan. Pubyall <>r 43 Sapari. 14 Cheramar. 44 Semman. Tolmestri. TOlldamall. IS Thandall. Thatcheli. Sem mara van. 16 Ulladan, 45 Thoti. Odiya Thoti. 17 Uraly. Joyi. 18 Valhm. Joyar. 19 Vannan. Thcembvannau. Thomban. Pnihirai, Oddan. 20 Ve1an. 46 Tiruvalluvar. Valluvar. 21 Vetan. Pandaram'. 22 VcUuvall, V"duvar. Vaduvan. VI. In TIlIlIl_i{11'llr dio,trlct. III. I It {he N ilg iris clis{y £Ct. Kanakkan or I Koliyan. Padanna. 2 Vettiyan. 438 Part II. SCHEDULED TRIBES IN MADRAS STATE. Serial number lTlld names oJ Serial number and names 0.1 Scheduled Tribes in the Schedlllcd }Iamps of Sub- Tribes or Scheduled Tribes in the Scheduled Nm"" of Sub _ Tiibes or Castes and Scheduled Trii,c, Clans. Casles and Scheduled Tribes Cia '>I , Luts ,Uodijicatiol1 Orjci, 195G. Lists Afodi/ieation Order, 195G. (1) (2) (I) (2) I. Thro1lghout tlie State. III. In North Arcot, Salem (fnd Tintclz£laplll1i districts. I Kadar. I Malayali. Malayali Gounder. 2 IruJaL Vettaikkaran, Villi, Karalar. KaHukaran. Periya Maby.'lli. Paeha l\hlClyali. II. Tlvroll/!,llr1ut tllC State C),;ccpt [(all_vak1l11lar£ Kolli Mzlla yali. district and Shelleottail til/uk (If Tintllcl1 r cli district IV. InC oimbatol'c district and Timndc,e[i district 1 Adiyan. (except Shencottalz tal'lth). 2 Aranadan. Kaniyan or Kanyan. 3 Kammara. V. In the Nilgiris district, 4 Kattullayakan. Vcttakkan.nayakan, K nrllyikanm. Kurmbas. 5 Konda Kapns. In J{anyahumari district and Shcllcottalz 6 Konda Reddi';. VI. taluk of TimneZveZi district. 7 Koraga. 8 Kota. I Eravallan. 2 Hill Pulaya. 9 Kndiya or Mdakucli. 3 Kanikaran or Kanikkar. IO Kurichchan. 4 Koehu Velan. II Kurumans. 5 Malakkuravan. 6 Malai Arayan. 12 Maha Malasar. 7 Malai Pandaram. 13 Malasar. 8 Malai Vedan. I4 Maluye Kandi. 9 Malayan. IO Malayarayar. I5 Mudugar or Muduvan. II Mannan. I6 Palliyan. I2 Muthuvan. I7 Paniyan. I3 Palleyan. IS Pulayan. I4 Palleyar. IS Ulladan (hill dwellers). Sholaga. I9 I6 Uraly. 20 Toda. I7 Vishavan. ~39 APPENDIX II Check-statement showing the Census years in which the individual population figures of Scheduled Castes are available...... (Note: .y' indicates enumerated; X indicates not enumerated) Enumerated in Sl. No. Name of Scheduled Caste 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 1. Adi-Andhra X X x X X X 2. Adi-Dravida X X X ..; X X 3. Adi-Karnataka X X X X X X 4. Arunthathiyar X X X X X X 5. Ayyanavar X X X ?< X X 6. Baira X X X X X X 7. Bakuda X X X X X X 8. Bandi X X X X X X 9. Bharatar X X X X X X 10. Chakkiliyan ..; ..; ..; ..; X X 11. Chalavadi ..; X X X X X 12. Chamar or Muchi ..; ..; ..; tV X X 13. Chandala ..; ..; ..; X X 14. Cheruman tV ..; ..; ..; X X 15. Devendra Kulathan X X X X X X 16. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano x X X X X X X 17. Domban X X X X X X X 18. Godda X X X X tV X X 19. Gosangi X X X X ..; X X 20. Holeya .y' ..; ..; ..; ..; X X 21. Jaggali ..; ..; ..; ..; ¥ X X 22. Jambuvulu X X X X ..; X X 23. Kadaiyan X X X X X X X 24. Kakkalan X X X X X X X 25. Kalladi X X X X ..; X X 26. Kanakkan or Padanna ..; 1/ 'I X ..; X X 27. Kavara X X X X X X X 28. KoJiyan 1/ ¥ ¥ X X X 29. Kootan (Koodan) X X X X'" X X X 30. Kudumban X X X X tV X X 31. Kuravan, Sidhanar X X ..; ..y' tV X X 440 APPENDIX II-cont. Enumerated in SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 (I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 32. Madari X X X tV X X .33. Madiga '" X ¥ ¥ .; X X 34. Maila '"X X X X tV X X 35. Mala X .; .; X X 36. Mannan '" X ¥ '"¥ X X X 37. Mavilan '" X ¥ .., tV X X 38. Moger '" X ¥ .., .; X X 39. Mundala '"X X X X .; X X 40. Nalakeyava X ¥ X X 41. Nayadi '"...; X ¥ '".; '".; X X 42. Pagadai X X X X X X 43. Pallan .., .; .; .; '"tV X X 44. Palluvan X X X X X X X 45. Pambada X X X X ¥ X X 46. Panan .; .., .; X X X 47. Panchama '" X X .., tV X X 48. Pannadi X'" X X x X X X 49. Panniandi X X X x X X 50. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) ¥ ¥ .; X X 51. Paravan ¥ ...; ¥ X X 52. Pathiyan X X X X X X 53. Pulayan or Cheramar .., X X 54. Puthirai Vannan '"X '"X X X '".; X x 55. Samagara ¥ .; ¥ .; .; X X 56. Samban X X ¥ X .; X X 57. Semman .., ¥ ¥ .; X X 58. Thandan ¥ '"X X X X X X 59. Thoti ¥ X X X .; X X 60. Tiruvalluvar X X X X .; X X 61. Uraly .; 11/ .; X X X 62. Valluvan '".; .; .; ¥ .; X X 63. Vannan ¥ .; ¥ ¥ X X 64. Velan ¥ ¥ ¥ .; X'" X X 65. Vetan X X X X X X X 66. Vettiyan X X X X X X X 67. Vettuvan ¥ '" 11/ .; .; X X 441 56 APPENDIX II-Cont. Check - Statement showing the Census years in which the individual population figures of Scheduled Tribes are available. Enumerated in SI. No.' Name of Scheduled Tribe 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 1. Adiyan x x >< x x 2. Aranadan ~I x 3. Irular x x 4. Kadar x 5. Kammara ~I x x x x 6. Kanikaran or Kanikkar x x x x x x x 7. Kattunayakan x !1. Konda Kapus x >< x x x x x 9. Konda Rcddis x x x x x 10. Koraga ~I x x 11. Kota x 12. Kudiya or Melakudi ~! x 13. Kurichchan x 14. Kurmbas ~I ~I x x x 15- Kurumans x 16. Malai Arayan x x x x x 17. Malai Pandaram x )( x 18. Malasar ~I ~I x 19. Malakkuravan x x 20. Malayali ~I x x x ~! :2 1. Malai Vedan x >< x x 22. Mudugar or Muduvan x 23. Palleyar x x x x x x x 24. Palliyan x x x 25. Paniyan x x 26. Pu1ayan x x 27. Sholaga ~I x 28. Toda x 442 APPENDIX III Population of Select Tribes in the various censuses in the present districts of Madras State. °Kurmbas of Mudugar or lrular Kota Kattunayakan Nilgiris Malayali Muduvan Year Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Femals Males Females --_-_.----_------.--~-- .------~~------~-----" ------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1901 40,468 39,832 582 685 ~,149 1,934 23,227 22,715 362 390 1911 41,523 42,294 547 616 1,939 1,737 31,164 31,735 1921 42,885 39,476 554 638 1,532 1,657 30,817 31,208 1931 562 559 19.1 485 467 1951 1961 40,827 38,921 461 372 3,171 3,288 3,609 ::1,565 66,665 63,288 66 53 APPENDIX III-Cont. PalIiyan Pulayan Sholaga Toda l\1alasar Kadat ---~-----.------~-- Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females --.'~---. ----~-.. ------_- 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 347 358 1,751) 1,728 2,829 2,898 453 354 2,075 2,038 64 76 1,952 2,363 981 963 426 322 374 357 1,740 1,943 1,300 1,476 360 280 2,338 2,590 1,400 1,557 340 257 2,182 2,537 86 75 2,266 2,197 342 288 4,265 4,176 789 762 1,393 1,276 ::l,lO7 3,029 375 339 1,056 943 158 135 443 APPEN AGE TABLE FOR Total Population Age 0-4 SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 2 3 4 5 678 TOTAL 5,861,897 2,940,672 2,921,225 865,249 424,072 441,177 1. Adi-Andhra 18,269 9,440 8,829 '2,667 1,409 1,258 2. Adi-Dravida 1,763,000 889,428 873,572 267,431 135,288 132,113 3. Adi-Karnataka 12,448 6,329 6,119 2,109 1,016 1,093 4. Arunthathiyar 99,947 50,993 48,954 16,748 8,239 8,509 5. Ayyanavar 632 333 299 80 42 38 6. Baira 150 98 52 2ti 18 8 7. Bakuda 50 29 21 4 3 8. Bandi 37 23 14 9. Bharatar 513 229 284 85 32 53 10. Chakkiliyan 778,076 391,156 386,920 121,030 59,107 61,923 11. Chalavadi 12. Chamar or Muchi 14 10 4 13. Chandala 2 14. Cheruman 1,884 980 904 249 95 154 15. Devendra Kulathan 15.963 7,323 8.640 2,287 941 1,346 16. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 1,977 976 1,001 383 183 200 17. Domban 26 20 6 1 18. Godda 8 4 19. Gasangi 85 36 49 9 8 20. Holeya 1,826 966 860 248 125 123 21. Jaggali 8 2 6 1 22, Jambuvulu 10 8 2 4 4 23. Kadaiyan 1,750 854 896 271 134 137 24. Kakkalan 26 14- 12 25. Kalladi 117 75 42 19 12 7 26. Kanakkan or Padanna 96 38 58 8 3 5 27. Kavara 252 103 149 32 15 17 28. Kaliyan 5,680 2,738 2,942 668 276 392 29. Kaatan (Kaodan) 49 23 26 6 3 3 30. Kudumban 247,822 123,018 124,804 34,990 16,833 18,157 31. Kuravan, Sidhanar 78,470 39,360 39,1l0 11,462 5,693 5,769 32. Madari 60,015 30,094- 29,921 9,640 4,816 4,824 33. Madiga 3,198 1,620 1,578 473 255 218 '" This excludes "unclassified" 444 brx tv SCHEDULED CASTES* Age5-9 Age 10 - i4 Age 15 - 19 Age 20 - 24 --- Persons Males Females Persons Males 'Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females SI,No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Hl 19 20 734,036 374,128 359,908 670,006 348,012 321,994 501,323 254,711 246,612 524,977 243,3,fO 281,637 2,547 1,224 1,323 1,788 982 806 1,639 769 870 1,;26 844 882 1. 227,046 114,530 112,516 203,500 101,827 101,673 146,509 74,512 71,997 157,708 72,511 85,197 2. 1,850 910 940 1,353 700 653 985 459 526 1,047 470 577 3. 13,322 6,683 6,639 11,355 6,173 5,182 8,375 4,076 4.299 8,757 4,017 4,740 4. 80 51 29 108 53 55 61 37 24 52 22 30 5. 19 9 10 16 10 6 14 10 4 12 8 4 6. 3 3 12 11 3 2 7 2 5 7. 3 2 1 2 2 5 3 2 8. 93 46 47 68 28 40 50 23 27 23 9 14 9. 100,774 51,178 49,596 93,818 48,582 45,236 66,989 34,269 32,720 67,995 31,036 36,959 10. 11. 4 3 12. 13. 232 100 132 215 121 94 111 51 60 190 99 91 14. 2,090 995 1,095 2,092 1,067 1,025 1,507 776 731 1,493 659 834 15. 315 161 154 257 128 129 145 73 72 140 66 74 16. 5 3 2 5 4 1 3 3 4 4 17. 2 2 18. 6 5 10 5 5 5 3 2 8 4 4 19. 236 124 112 208 107 101 145 87 58 162 79 83 20. 2 2 2 1 1 21. 22. 213 89 124 173 86 37 110 62 48 182 76 106 23. 8 7 3 1 2 2 24. 13 4 9 19 12 7 15 12 3 13 7 6 25. 10 7 3 5 5 10 2 8 10 5 5 26. 59 21 38 33 6 27 24 6 18 16 7 9 27. 667 354 313 605 313 292 508 261 247 493 228 265 28. 19 8 11 5 5 3 2 4 4 29. 27,983 14,144 13,839 26,976 14,642 12,334 22,794 11,503 11,291 22,283 10,512 11,771 30. 9,872 4,993 4,879 8,629 4,466 4,163 6,470 3,189 3,281 6,973 3,196 3,777 31. 7,347 3,711 3,636 6,399 3,421 2,978 5,284 2,682 2,602 5,591 2,625 2,966 32. 444 228 'U6 403 198 205 242 125 117 235 96 139 33. 445 APPEN AGE TABLE FOR Age 25-29 Age 30-34 Name of S1. No. Scheduled Caste Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 TOTAL 526,572 254,874 271,698 438,864 214,895 223,969 1. Adi-Andhra 1,891 957 . 934 1,367 688 679 2. Adi-Dravida 152,205 76,147 76,058 128,8G7 63,209 65,6513 :.l. Adi-Karnataka 1,154 580 574 886 449 437 4. Arunthathiyar 9,067 4,462 4,605 7,142 3,706 3,436 5. Ayyanavar 50 25 25 30 16 14 6. Baira 20 15 5 7 3 4 7. Bakuda 4 3 2 2 8 Bandi II 8 3 3 2 1 9. Bharatar 34 12 22 38 22 16 10. Chakkiliyan 68,130 32,670 35,46(l 57,855 28,696 29,159 11. Chalavadi 12. Chamar or Muchi 3 2 13. Chand ala 14. Cheruman 223 101 122 160 88 72 15. Devendra Kula than 1,342 561 781 I,OG3 485 578 16. Dom, Dombara, Paidi or Pano 154 62 92 130 67 63 17. Domban 4 4- 2 2 18. Godda 2 2 19. Gosangi 6 2 .J, 7 4 3 20. Holeya 148 78 70 151 82 69 2L Jaggali 22. Jambuvulu 23. Kadaiyan 184 95 89 126 74 52 24. Kakkalan 3 3 2 2 25. KaIIadi 6 3 3 8 5 3 26. Kanakkan or Padanna 17 4 13 9 2 7 27. Kavara 18 10 8 17 8 9 28. Koliyan 574 262 312 436 199 237 29. Kootan (Koodan) 2 1 3 3 30. Kudumban 23,172 10,943 12,229 19,682 9,775 9,907 31. Kuravan, Sidhanar 7,116 3,4t6 3,670 5,884 2,855 3,029 32. I\ladari 5,365 2,641 2,721 4,372 2,075 2,297 33. Madiga 290 128 162 270 129 141 446 DIX IV SCHEDULED CASTES Age 35-44 Age 45-59 Age 60+ Age not stated ------Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 S1. No. 673,293 343,694 329,599 643,345 336,811 306,534 283,846 145,862 137,984 386 273 113 2,174 1,107 1,067 1,670 1,04\ 629 799 419 380 1. 206,536 107,444 99,092 188,060 100,308 87,752 85,076 43,609 41,467 62 43 19 2. 1,496 811 685 1,158 723 435 410 211 199 3 10,907 5,761 5,146 9,770 5,464 4,306 4,501 2,410 2,091 3 2 4. 63 26 37 80 44 36 28 17 11 5. 10 6 4 17 12 5 9 7 2 6. 7 3 4 7 3 4 7. () 4 2 5 3 2 8. 61 28 33 38 20 18 23 9 14 9. 87,616 45,877 41,739 77,653 39,917 37,736 36,185 19,809 16,376 31 15 16 10. 11. 2 2 1 12. 13. 251 158 93 209 111 68 44 26 18 14. 1,548 652 896 1,756 847 809 785 340 445 15. 192 96 96 187 103 34 73 37 36 2 2 17. 18. 9 2 7 18 3 15 7 7 19. 194 105 89 197 103 39 137 71 66 20. 21. 2 2 22. 202 105 97 214 102 112 75 31 44 23. 3 3 4 3 24. 11 8 3 10 10 3 2 25. 8 2 6 17 6 11 2 2 26. 28 1 ~ 13 19 12 7 6 3 3 27. 694 350 344 702 338 364 333 157 176 28. 7 5 2 29. 27,377 13,260 14,117 29,354 14,817 14,537 13,198 6,584 6,614 13 5 8 30. 8,734 4,556 4,178 8,841 4,645 4,196 4,471 2,312 2,159 18 9 9 31. 7,450 3,625 3,825 6,059 3,176 2,883 2,508 1,319 1,189 32. 355 2IP 145 317 166 151 169 85 84 33. APPEN AGE TABLE FOR Total Population Age 0-4 Name of S1. No. Scheduled Caste Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 34. Maila 35. Mala 'l,060 1,023 1,037 249 130 119 36. Mannan 16 7 9 11 6 5 37. Mavilan 196 81 115 29 7 22 38. Moger 13 13 2 2 39. Mundala 4 4 40. Nalakeyava 2 2 41. Nayadi 107 45 62 19 5 14 42. Pagadai 19,299 9,678 9,621 2,772 1,379 1,393 43. Pallan 950,266 473,322 476,944 136,410 66,402 70,008 44. Palluvan 1 45. Pambada 12 6 6 4 2 2 46. Panan 182 88 94 18 7 11 47. Panchama 278 106 172 44 22 22 48. Pannadi 10,745 5,389 5,356 1,418 688 730 49. Panniandi 642 344 298 148 73 75 50. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 1,513,627 758,129 755,498 217,281 104,111 113,170 51. Paravan 1,550 810 740 220 118 102 52. Pathiyan 30 18 12 5 4 53. Pulayan or Cheramar 907 443 464 156 70 86 54. Puthirai Van nan 9,696 4,914 4,782 1,521 753 768 55. Samagara 19 9 10 56. Samban 136,818 68,607 68,211 16,943 7,457 9,486 57. Semman 176 76 100 22 13 9 58. Thandan 1,105 533 572 155 68 87 59. Thoti 41,129 20,677 20,452 6,464 3,179 3,285 60. Tiruvalluvar 10,077 4,738 5,339 1,250 527 723 61. Uraly 385 172 213 64 33 31 62. VaJIuvan 62,450 31,312 31,138 8,216 4,021 4,195 63. Vannan 3,383 1,666 1,717 479 224 255 64. Velan 8 8 3 3 65. Vetan 630 329 301 80 51 29 66. Vettiyan 3,541 1,767 1,774 316 170 146 67. Vettuvan 141 61 80 15 3 12 448 DIX IV SCHEDULED CASTES Age 5-9 Age 10-14 Age 15-19 Age 20-24 .~~- Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Sl. No. 34. 277 150 127 278 120 158 129 69 60 147 71 76 35. 36. 22 9 13 21 5 16 20 7 13 18 7 11 37. 3 3 2 2 38. 39. 40. 14 10 4 13 9 4 9 8 12 5 7 41. 2,220 1,104 1,116 2,300 1,189 J ,111 1,685 817 868 1,724 783 941 42. 110,489 56,327 54,162 105,351 54,695 50,656 86,324 43,594 42,730 87,986 40,394 47,592 43. 44. 2 45. 39 10 29 21 11 10 7 3 4 18 7 11 46. 53 21 32 31 15 16 11 3 8 23 23 47. 1,430 784 646 1,206 615 591 898 469 429 970 455 515 48. 93 53 40 74 44 30 46 24 22 46 26 20 49. 191,654 98,794 92,860 172,018 92,419 79,599 125,760 64,630 61,130 134,166 63,261 70,905 50. 215 123 92 227 114 113 ]32 60 72 ]]4 50 64 51. 5 5 3 2 52. 151 63 88 111 69 42 78 36 42 66 31 35 53. 1,004 496 508 1,108 600 508 874 444 430 860 424 436 54. 2 2 4 3 3 3 4 2 2 55. 15,636 8,877 6,759 15,016 7,836 7,180 12,657 6,221 6,436 12,694 6,103 6,591 56. 17 6 II 27 8 19 18 4 14 12 5 7 57. 129 60 69 142 65 77 103 48 55 115 58 57 58. 5,331 2,647 2,684 4,360 2,299 2,061 3,342 1,630 1,712 3,661 1,632 2,029 59. 1,1lB 535 583 1,127 541 586 869 408 461 966 433 533 GO. 64 26 38 59 36 23 35 14 21 29 13 16 61. 7,860 3,978 3,882 7,516 3,894 3,622 5,563 2,875 2,688 5,507 2,657 2,850 62. 454 217 237 396 198 198 324 135 189 274 128 146 63. 2 2 3 3 64. 80 43 37 84 39 45 69 33 36 41 23 18 65. 392 190 202 431 224 207 350 187 163 373 173 200 66. 19 7 12 14 6 8 9 5 4 10 fi 4 67. 57 APPEN AGE TABLE FOR Age 25-29 Age 30-34- SI. No. Name of Scheduled Caste Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 34. Maila 35. Mala 162 87 75 156 89 67 36. Mannan 1 37. Mavilan 21 15 6 13 4: 9 38. Moger 1 3 3 39. Mundala 40. Nalakeyava 1 1 41. Nayadi 7 4 3 4 4 42. Pagadai 1,892 959 933 1,398 696 702 43 Pallan 87,171 42,467 44,704 73,213 35,380 37,833 44. Palluvan 45. Pambada 46. Panan 11 7 4- 14 4- 10 47. Panchama 9 2 7 15 4 11 48. Pannadi 1,076 506 570 823 407 416 49. Panniandi 51 24 27 36 13 23 50. Paraiyan, Parayan (Sambavar) 139,034 65,626 73,408 113,363 55,023 58,340 51. Paravan 108 54 54 103 53 50 52. Pathiyan 2 2 3 3 53. Pulayan or Cheramar 75 26 49 58 44 14 54. Puthirai Vannan 872 434 438 740 355 385 55. Samagara 3 2 56. Samban 14,067 6,286 7,781 11,533 5,735 5,798 57. Semman 19 8 11 7 4 3 58. Thandan 94 39 55 77 47 30 59. Thoti 3,801 1,822 1,979 3,008 1,552 1,456 60. Tiruvalluvar 939 434 505 747 361 386 61. Uraly 23 8 15 20 8 12 62. Valluvan 5,261 2,495 2,766 4,391 2,160 2,231 63. Vannan 280 144 136 207 108 99 64. Velan 65. Vetan 41 15 26 50 22 28 66. Vcttiyan 338 177 161 347 172 175 67. Vettuvan 17 6 11 13 6 7 4l)O DIX IV SCHEDULED CASTES Age 35-44 Age 45-59 Age 60+ Age not stated. Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons :Males Females Persons Males Females SI. No. 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 34. 278 123 155 217 112 105 166 72 94 1 35. 3 2 36. 20 8 12 25 15 10 7 4 3 37. 38. 2 2 39. 40. 12 II 13 7 6 4 3 41. 2,327 1,199 I,J 28 2,083 1,090 993 896 461 435 2 42. 107,095 54,253 5 !,842 111,760 58,011 53,749 44,408 21,754 22,654 59 45 14 43. 44. 2 45. 27 14 13 13 11 2 14 14 46, 29 13 16 48 18 30 15 8 7 47. 1,230 608 622 1,189 60B 581 505 249 256 48. 73 44 29 55 35 20 20 8 12 49. 174,854 87,035 87,819 170,628 88,837 81,791 74,717 38,275 36,442 152 118 34 50. 192 ll8 74 150 73 77 89 47 42 51. 6 3 3 2 2 2 52. 103 50 53 88 42 46 21 12 9 53. 1,061 518 543 1,137 607 530 518 282 236 54, 3 3 55. 16,111 B,431 7,680 15,428 8,035 7,393 6,731 3,624 3,107 2 2 56. 20 13 7 25 11 14 8 3 5 1 57. 109 56 53 123 67 56 58 25 33 58. 4,860 2,547 2,313 4,227 2,280 1,947 2,064 1,085 979 11 4 7 59. 1,263 627 636 1,240 591 649 555 278 277 3 3 60. 33 11 22 40 15 25 18 8 10 61. 6,765 3,325 3,440 7,645 3,921 3,724 3,716 1,977 1,739 10 9 62. 386 223 163 354 172 182 214 102 112 15 15 63. 64. 53 34 19 77 40 37 55 29 26 65, 426 211 215 386 189 197 182 74 108 66, 15 10 5 16 6 10 13 6 7 67. 451 APPEN AGE TABLE FOR Total Population Age 0-4 Name of ----~ 51, No. Scheduled Tribe Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TOTAL 238,549 122.290 116,259 35,452 17,387 18,065 1- Adiyan 8 7 2. Aranadan 3, Iwlar 79,U35 40,1l60 38,975 11,957 5,868 6,089 4. Kadar 293 158 135 31 15 16 5. Kammara 26 17 9 3 3 6. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 1,797 985 812 227 - 125 102 7. Kattunayakan 6,459 3,171 3,288 1,039 480 559 8. Konda Kapus 3 3 9. Konda Reddis B 5 3 10. Koraga 6 4 2 11. Kota 833 461 372 99 58 41 l2. Kudiya or Melakudi 2 13. Kurichchan 5 2 3 3 2 14. Kurmbas 1,174- 609 565 158 86 72 15. Kurumans 112 48 64 10 9 16. Malai Arayan 58 31 27 2 2 17. Malai Pandaram 3 2 18. Malai Vedan 2 1 19. Malakkuravan 2 2 20. l\lalasar 1,999 1,056 943 293 166 127 21. Malayali 129,952 66,665 63,287 19,369 9,481 9,888 22. Mudugar or l\'Iuduvan 119 66 53 27 10 17 23 Palleyar 3 3 2L Palliyan 1,551 789 762 190 78 112 25. Paniyan 4,779 2,470 2,309 682 347 335 26. Pulayan 2,669 1,393 1,276 295 151 144 27. Sholaga 6,136 3,107 3,029 969 463 506 28. To-:la 714 375 339 98 49 49 Ii< This excludes "unclassified." 452 DIX IV SCHEDULED TRIBES * Age5-9 Age 10 - 14 Age 15 - 19 Age 20- 24 Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females SI.No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 33,068 17,000 16,068 27,281 14,664 12,617 20,566 10,917 9,649 21,078 10,273 10,805 2 2 2 2 1. 2. 10,472 5,284 5,188 9,564 5,280 4,284 6,847 3,286 3,561 6,853 3,099 3,754 3. 46 24 22 40 21 19 32 15 17 26 10 16 4. 7 5 2 5. 257 142 U5 233 123 1I0 140 78 62 124 57 67 6. 841 388 453 634: 316 318 524 242 282 621 296 325 7. 2 2 8. 1 3 2 9. 2 2 1 10. 99 57 42 99 72 27 64 31 33 66 28 38 11. 12. 1 13. 221 114 107 139 79 60 92 42 50 99 45 54 14. 6 3 3 6 5 1 16 4 12 18 4 14 15. 38 19 19 17 12 5 16. 17. 18. 19. 291 173 118 240 136 104 187 74 113 175 80 95 20. 18,267 9,490 8,777 14,299 7,524 6,775 II,509 6,595 4,914 11,685 6,018 5,667 21. 21 13 8 16 6 10 3 3 8 4 4: 22. 23. 210 95 115 182 77 105 109 55 54 146 72 74 24. 771 409 362 634 387 247 290 154 136 368 181 187 25. 436 187 249 403 235 168 168 81 87 252 102 150 26. 956 520 436 693 353 340 507 215 292 546 228 318 27. 127 75 52 77 36 41 74 38 36 83 42 41 28. 453 APPEN AGE TABLE FOR Age 25-29 Age 30-34 SI. No. Name of Scheduled Tribe Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 21 22 23 24 25 26 21,132 10,422 10,710 18,038 8,969 9,069 1. Adiyan 2. Aranadan 1 3. Irular 7,238 3,619 3,619 6,132 3,185 2,947 4. Kadar 34 22 12 21 14 7 5. Kammara 4 3 6. Kanikaran or Kanikkar 143 55 88 152 72 80 7. Kattunayakan 559 260 299 481 238 243 8. Konda Kapus 1 1 9. Konda Reddis 10. Koraga 1 11. Kota 79 42 37 66 32 34 12. Kudiya or Melakudi 13. Kurichchan 14. Kurmbas 94 36 58 90 50 40 15. Kurumans 12 2 10 9 2 7 16. Malai Arayan 17. Malai Pandaram 18. Malai Vedan 19. Malakkuravan 1 20. Malasar 203 110 93 146 80 66 21. Malayali 11,313 5,534 5,779 9,787 4,727 5,060 22. Mudugar or Muduvan 7 2 5 10 9 1 23. Palleyar 3 3 24. Palliyan 179 76 103 134 79 55 25. Paniyan 409 208 201 334 139 195 26. Pulayan 263 152 III 229 117 112 27. Sholaga 546 266 280 403 208 195 28. Toda 42 29 13 42 16 26 454 DIX IV SCHEDULED TRIBES Age 35 - 44- Age 45 - 59 Age 60 + Age not stated -' Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 51. No. 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 26,624 13,057 13,567 23,926 13,353 10,573 11,372 6,241 5,131 12 7 5 2 2 2 1 1 1. 2. 8,508 4,431 4,077 8,459 4,763 3,696 3,800 2,044 1,756 5 4 S. 21 17 4 23 11 12 19 9 10 .... 4 3 4 3 5. 230 147 83 194 134 60 97 52 45 6. 733 396 337 723 380 343 304- 175 129 7. 8. 1 1 9. 1 10. 80 40 40 121 68 53 60 33 27 11. 1 1 12. 13. 125 50 75 90 59 31 66 48 18 14. 9 6 3 19 10 9 7 3 4 15. 16. 2 17. 2 18. 19. 228 107 121 167 101 66 69 29 40 20. 14,826 6,931 7,895 12,737 6,961 5,776 6,155 3,400 2,755 5 4 21. 12 11 1 11 7 4 4 1 3 22. 23. 136 83 53 176 125 51 89 49 40 24. 633 266 367 315 200 Wi 349 179 164- 25. 311 173 198 227 150 77 83 43 40 2 2 26. 707 372 335 588 339 249 221 143 78 27. 55 20 35 66 39 27 50 31 19 28. ERRATA Page Column Serial For ReaCl No. No. No. 48 3 21 5,50 3 3,550 II3 25 18 IS I4 II7 24 28 1,454 1.453 129 26 19 998 9,998 138 2 6 2,991 2,992 149 24 12 2.368 2,268 166 3 4 165 2,165 189 23 19 32 52 226 6 8 (Salem Dt.) 73 732 241 24 Tirunelveli Dt. Total Nil 5 248 19 Chingleput Dt. Total 3 34 249 23 Madras Dt. Total Nil 109 266 5 15 8,604 8,640 298 3 2I 3,937 3.907 316 18 19 60.522 69,522 335 44 15 2,082 2.°32 343 44 9 3 9 375 47 9 88 188 418 5 Nilgiris Dt. Total 6,27 6,267