India Rice 13/11/2015 Thai Trade Center, Mumbai
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India Rice 13/11/2015 Thai Trade Center, Mumbai Introduction India ranks second worldwide in farm output. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for 13.7% of the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) in 2013, about 50% of the total workforce. The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with the country's broad-based economic growth. Still, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India. India exported $39 billion worth of agricultural products in 2013, making it the seventh largest agricultural exporter worldwide, and the sixth largest net exporter. Most of its agriculture exports serve the developing and least developed nations of the world. India is the world's largest producer of many fresh fruits and vegetables, milk, major spices, select fibrous crops such as jute, several staples such as millets and castor oil seed. India is the second largest producer of wheat and rice, the world's major food staples. India is also the world's second or third largest producer of several dry fruits, agriculture-based textile raw materials, roots and tuber crops, pulses, farmed fish, eggs, coconut, sugarcane and numerous vegetables. India ranked within the world's five largest producers of over 80% of agricultural produce items, including many cash crops such as coffee and cotton, in 2010. India is also one of the world's five largest producers of livestock and poultry meat, with one of the fastest growth rates, as of 2011. Demographic information on India. Capital City - New Delhi. Largest City - Mumbai. Total Area - 3,287,590 Square Kilometer. Population 2015 -1,276,267,000. Density 2015 - 385.0/ Per Sq Kilometer. GDP 2015 - 8.027 trillion US $. Currency - Indian Rupees. Official languages - Hindi, English. Religion -79.8% Hindu / 14.2% Muslim / 2.3% Christian / 1.7% Sikh and others Rice Production and Consumption in India India is one of the world's largest producers of white rice and brown rice, accounting for 20% of all world rice production. Rice is India's pre-eminent crop, and is the staple food of the people of the eastern and southern parts of the country. Graph 1 : Production of Rice in India Top rice producing states are West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. However, since it can be grown in all types of soil, almost all states of India have areas under rice cultivation. As per the fourth Advance Estimates for 2013-14, the production of rice in India is 106.5 million tones and the estimates for 2015 are around 110. Million tones. Rice covers one third of total cultivated area of India and provides food to more than half of the Indian population. This makes it India’s largest produced food crop both by area under cultivation as well as production. India is second largest producer of rice after China; produces one fifth of the world’s rice; and is largest exporter of rice. The regions cultivating this crop in India is distinguished as the western coastal strip, the eastern coastal strip, covering all the primary deltas, Assam plains and surrounding low hills, foothills and Terai region- along the Himalayas and states like West Bengal, Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh, eastern Madhya Pradesh, northern Andhra Pradesh and Orissa. India, being a land of eternal growing season, and the deltas of Kaveri River, Krishna River, Godavari River and Mahanadi River with a thick set-up of canal irrigation, permits farmers to raise two, and in some pockets, even three crops a year. With stagnant domestic production of rice and growing local consumption, exports can decline from current 10 million tonnes to just about 5-6 million tonnes by 2020,” says Shiva Mudgil, senior analyst, food and agribusiness research and advisory, at Rabobank. Branded rice in the overall domestic rice marke rice market is small in terms of volume, in terms of value it is expected in increase by $1.1 billion to reach $3.5 billion by 2017. Consumption of branded rice is growing in both southern as well as northern India. However, the grains being sold in the south are smaller in size are mainly non-Basmati. With more rice companies investing in creating a brand, rice is no longer seen as just another commodity. Graph 1 : Consumption of Rice in India In last four years which is from 2012-2015, the CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of leading Indian rice companies has ranged between 20% and 30%, thanks to exports, growth of branded segment and modern retail. Any rice other than basmati rice is named as non- basmati rice. In the world it has been reported that there are 10000 varieties of rice and out of which the maximum number are in India. The country has exported 82,74,046.06 MT of Non Basmati Rice to the world for the worth of Rs. 20,428.51 crores during the year 2014-15. The areas of Basmati Rice production in India are in the states of J & K, Himanchal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, uttarakhand and western Uttar Pradesh. The main varieties of Basmati rice as notified under the seeds Act, 1966 are Basmati 386 , Basmati 217 , Ranbir Basmati , Karnal Local/ Taraori Basmati, Basmati 370, Type-3 (Dehradooni Basmati), Pusa Basmati-1, Pusa Basmati 1121, Punjab Basmati-1, Haryana Basmati- 1, Kasturi and Mahi Sugandha. In 2014, India shared the top spot in rice exports with Thailand. Though the consumption pattern of Indians is shifting from cereals towards protein-rich diets, among cereals, the traction is towards better quality products. This is reflected in consumer shift towards packaged, branded products with better colour, grain size and post cooking attributes like aroma and taste. Top 10 Largest Rice Producing States In India Rice is an important crop and consumed widely across the globe as a staple food. India is among the leading rice producers in the world and stand at 2nd position in the world. India produces rice in a large quantity and in the last financial year, rice production crossed the mark of 100 Million Tonnes. Production (In Lakh Tonnes) 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 Production (In Lakh Tonnes) 0 Graph 3 : Production State Wise This post describes about the Top 10 Largest Rice Producing States in India: 1. WEST BENGAL With a production of 146.05 Lakh Tonnes, West Bengal is the highest wheat producing state in India. Rice is grown in a large area in West Bengal in more than 50 Lakh Hectares of land, which is about 50% of total cultivated land of the state. Rice is grown in three different seasons in West Bengal, that include Winter, Autumn and Summer. Production: 146.05 Lakh Tonnes. 2. UTTAR PRADESH Uttar Pradesh is another leading rice producer in India and placed at 2nd in the list of top 10 largest rice producing states in India. Rice is consumed widely in Uttar Pradesh and grown in an area of more than 59 Lakh Hectares. Production: 140.22 Lakh Tonnes 3. ANDHRA PRADESH With production of 128.95 Lakh Tonnes, Andhra Pradesh is next on this list. Andhra Pradesh is another leading producer of rice in the country and hold a share of more than 12% in total rice production of the country. Production: 128.95 Lakh Tonnes. 4. PUNJAB Punjab is not only a leading wheat producer, but also among the highest rice producing states in India. Rice is an important crop in Punjab and grown in more than 28 Lakh hectares of cultivated land. Basmati, the best quality of rice known for its great taste and aroma is grown widely in Punjab. Punjab account for about 10% of total rice production in the country. Production: 105.42 Lakh Tonnes 5. TAMIL NADU Tamil Nadu stands in 5th place in this list with production of 74.58 Lakh Tonnes. Tamil Nadu holds a share of about 7% of total rice production in the country and area under rice cultivation exceed the mark of 19 Lakh Hectares. Production: 74.58 Lakh Tonnes 6. BIHAR With production of 71.62 Lakh Tonnes, Bihar is ranked 6th in the list of top 10 largest rice producing states in India. The area in which rice is grown in Bihar is more than 33 Lakh Hectares of cultivated land. Production: 71.62 Lakh Tonnes 7. CHHATTISGARH Next state in this list is Chhattisgarh, which contribute more than 5% in total rice production in the country. Rice is the most important crop in Chhattisgarh and grown in an area of more than 37 Lakh Hecatres. Production: 60.28 Lakh Tonnes 8. ODISHA 8th position is occupied by Odisha, which contribute more than 5% in total rice production in the country. Rice is a major crop in Odisha, which is grown in more than 65% of total cultivated area. Production: 58.07 Lakh Tonnes 9. ASSAM One of the Seven Sister States in India, Assam is next on this list, which produces a large quantity of rice. Chokuwa, Joha and Bora are the special varieties of rice grown in Assam. Rice is an important and highly consumed crop in Assam, which is grown in an area of more than 25 Lakh Hectares. Production: 45.16 Lakh Tonnes 10. KARNATAKA Karnataka stand in 10th place in the list of top 10 largest rice producing states in India. Rice is grown in areas of more than 14 Lakh Hectares and some of the rice growing area are Mangalore, Coorg, Belgaum, Udupi, Tumkur, Mysore and Bellary. Karnataka has a yield of more than 2,700 Kg/Hectare and account for more than 3% share in total rice production in the country.