Flora and Fauna Survey Report R001 JBS&G

Planning Solutions Ocean Beach Telstra Phone Tower Lot 555 Ocean Beach Road Ocean Beach WA

10 February 2020 Flora and Fauna Survey Report R001 JBS&G

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Background ...... 1 1.2 Scope ...... 1

2. Context ...... 3 2.1 Legislative context ...... 3 2.1.1 EPBC Act ...... 3 2.1.2 BC Act ...... 3 2.1.3 EP Act ...... 3 2.1.4 BAM Act ...... 4 2.2 Other Legislation relevant to the MBS Site ...... 4 2.2.1 Telecommunications Act ...... 4

3. Environmental setting ...... 5 3.1.1 Soils and topography ...... 5 3.1.2 Climate ...... 5 3.1.3 Hydrology ...... 5 3.1.4 Conservation areas ...... 5 3.1.5 Land use ...... 7 3.1.6 Regional vegetation ...... 7

4. Methods ...... 9 4.1 Desktop assessment ...... 9 4.2 Field assessment ...... 9 4.2.1 Flora and vegetation ...... 9 4.2.2 Fauna habitat ...... 11 4.3 Survey limitations and constraints ...... 11

5. Results ...... 13 5.1 Desktop assessment ...... 13 5.1.1 Threatened and Priority flora ...... 13 5.1.2 Threatened and Priority Ecological Communities...... 13 5.1.3 Threatened fauna ...... 14 5.2 Field survey ...... 17 5.2.1 Flora and vegetation ...... 17 5.2.2 Fauna habitat ...... 20

6. Discussion ...... 23 6.1 Flora and vegetation...... 23 6.2 Fauna and fauna habitat ...... 23

7. Summary and conclusion ...... 24

8. References ...... 26

List of Tables Table 4.1: Database searches conducted for the desktop assessment ...... 9 Table 4.2: Personnel ...... 9 Table 4.3: Vegetation condition scale for South West and Interzone Botanical Provinces (EPA 2016) ...... 10 Table 4.4: Flora, vegetation and fauna survey potential limitations and constraints ...... 11 Table 5.1: TEC/PEC identified within and near the Survey Area...... 14 Table 5.2: Vegetation types recorded within the Survey Area ...... 18 Table 5.3: Fauna Habitat types within the Survey Area ...... 20 Table 8.1: Threatened and Priority flora species potentially occurring within the Survey Area ...... 32 Table 8.2: Threatened and Priority fauna species potentially occurring within the Survey Area ...... 34 Table C.1: Species recoded from quadrats ...... 39

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Survey Area ...... 2 Figure 3.1: Mean monthly climatic data (temperature and rainfall) for Ocean Beach ...... 5 Figure 3.2: Land systems mapping ...... 6 Figure 3.3: Regional vegetation mapping ...... 8 Figure 5.1: Conservation significant flora ...... 16 Figure 5.2: Vegetation Types (VTs) mapped within the Survey Area ...... 19 Figure 5.3: Fauna habitat types within the Survey Area ...... 22

Appendices Appendix A Conservation significant flora and ecological community definitions Appendix B Desktop assessment results Appendix C Field Relevé data Appendix D Vascular plant taxa recorded from quadrats within the Survey Area

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1. Introduction

This report presents the findings of a Reconnaissance flora and vegetation survey and fauna habitat survey undertaken for Planning Solutions. 1.1 Background Planning Solutions Pty Ltd (Planning Solutions) are currently preparing a Development Application (DA) on behalf of Telstra Corporation Pty Ltd to construction a Mobile Base Station on Lot 555 on Plan 071707 Ocean Beach Road, Ocean Beach, WA (MBS site). To support the DA, Planning Solutions have requested Strategen-JBS&G conduct a Reconnaissance flora and vegetation survey and fauna habitat survey within and immediately surrounding the proposed MBS site. The proposed works may impact native vegetation and as such, a flora, vegetation and fauna habitat survey was deemed necessary to determine the environmental values of the MBS site and the surrounding area (the Survey Area; Figure 1.1). A Survey Area of 0.19 ha was established which encompasses the MBS Site. 1.2 Scope The scope of this flora, vegetation and fauna habitat survey was to undertake a desktop and field assessment within the Survey Area identified in Figure 1.1. The objectives were to: • undertake a search of state and federal online databases to understand the potential conservation significant species present within 10 km of the Survey Area • request Department of Biodiversity, Conservations and Attractions (DBCA) database searches of known conservation significant flora and fauna species within 10 km of the Survey Area • carry out a single site visit to: o identity the flora species present within the Survey Area o map the vegetation types within the Survey Area o confirm the presence / absence of conservation significant flora species with the Survey Area – or if flowering timing does not allow confirmation, determine the likelihood of occurrence for conservation significant species o identify fauna habitat within the Survey Area to provide commentary on the presence / absence of conservation significant fauna • prepare a technical report based on the findings of the desktop and field surveys to support the DA.

©JBS&G Australia Pty Ltd | Flora and Fauna Survey Report R001 1 OVERVIEW MAP

DENMARK !

Legend: Ocean Beach, WA Scale 1:2,500 at A4 02550 Survey area metres Cadastral boundary SURVEY AREA Coord. Sys. GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Z

Job No: 57535

Client: Planning Solutions FIGURE 1.1

Version: A Date: 11-Nov-2019

Drawn By: hsullivan Checked By: AH

File Name: \\008PMPMR004V001.jbsg.aust\JBS Perth\Projects\1)Open\Planning Solutions\57535 - Ocean Beach Flora Survey\GIS\Maps\R01 Rev A\57535_01_1_SurveyArea.mxd Image Reference: SLIP Public Services Locate 2019.

2. Context

2.1 Legislative context Flora and fauna in WA is protected formally and informally by various legislative and non-legislative measures, which are as follows: • Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) – Australian Government • Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (BC Act) – State • Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act) – State • Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007 (BAM Act) – State. Non-legislative measures: • WA Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA) Priority lists for flora, ecological communities and fauna • Weeds of National Significance • recognition of locally significant populations by the DBCA. A short description of each legislative measure is given below. Other definitions, including species conservation categories, are provided in Appendix A. 2.1.1 EPBC Act The EPBC Act aims to protect matters of national environmental significance, which are detailed in Appendix A. Under the EPBC Act, the Commonwealth Department of the Environment and Energy (DEE) lists protected species and Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) by criteria set out in the Act. Species are conservation significant if they are listed as Threatened (i.e. Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable) or Migratory. Bird species protected as Migratory under the EPBC Act include those listed under international migratory bird agreements relating to the protection of birds which migrate between Australia and other countries, for which Australia has agreed. This includes the Japan-Australia Migratory Bird Agreement (JAMBA), the China-Australia Migratory Bird Agreement (CAMBA), the Republic of Korea- Australia Migratory Bird Agreement (ROKAMBA) and the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Bonn Convention). Some marine fauna or terrestrial fauna that use marine habitats are listed as Marine under the EPBC Act. These species are only considered conservation significant when a proposed development occurs in a Commonwealth marine area (i.e. any Commonwealth Waters or Commonwealth Marine Protected Area). Outside of such areas, the EPBC Act does not consider these species to be matters of national environmental significance so are not protected under the Act. 2.1.2 BC Act DBCA lists taxa (flora and fauna) under the provisions of the BC Act as protected and are classified as according to their need for protection (see Appendix A). The BC Act makes it an offence to ‘take’ threatened species without an appropriate licence. There are financial penalties for contravening the BC Act. 2.1.3 EP Act Threatened flora, fauna (and significant habitat necessary for the maintenance of indigenous fauna) and Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) are given special consideration in environmental impact assessments and have special status as Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs) under the EP

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Act and the Environmental Protection (Clearing of Native Vegetation) Regulations 2004. Exemptions for a clearing permit do not apply in an ESA. 2.1.4 BAM Act The BAM Act provides for management and control of listed organisms, including introduced flora species (weeds). Species listed as declared pests under the BAM Act are classified under three categories: • C1 Exclusion: Pests assigned under this category are not established in Western Australia, and control measures are to be taken to prevent them entering and establishing in the State • C2 Eradication: Pests assigned under this category are present in Western Australia in low enough numbers or in sufficiently limited areas that their eradication is still a possibility • C3 Management: Pests assigned under this category are established in Western Australia, but it is feasible, or desirable, to manage them in order to limit their damage. Control measures can prevent a C3 pest from increasing in population size or density or moving from an area in which it is established into an area that is currently free of that pest. Under the BAM Act, land managers are required to manage populations of declared pests as outlined under the relevant category. 2.2 Other Legislation relevant to the MBS Site 2.2.1 Telecommunications Act The Telecommunications Act 1997 (the Act) came into operation on 1st July 1997. The Act provides a system for regulating telecommunications and the activities of carriers and service providers. Under the Act, telecommunications carriers are no longer exempt from State and Territory environmental laws except in three limited instances: 1. There are exemptions for inspection of land, maintenance of facilities, installation of “low impact facilities”, subscriber connections and temporary defence facilities. These exemptions are detailed in the Telecommunications (Low-impact Facilities) Determination 2018 and these exceptions are subject to the Telecommunications Code of Practice 2018; 2. A limited case-by-case appeals process exists to cover installation of facilities in situations of national significance; and 3. There are some specific powers and immunities from the previous Telecommunications Act 1991.

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3. Environmental setting

3.1.1 Soils and topography An assessment of land systems provides an indication of the occurrence and distribution of fauna habitats and vegetation within the Survey Area (Schoknecht & Payne 2011). The entire Survey Area falls within the Nullaki Dunes System, on the southern coast of Warren Denmark Southland. The high dunes are comprised of calcareous deep sand and pale deep sand supporting coastal scrub and peppermint-jarrah-marri woodland.

3.1.2 Climate The Ocean Beach locality experiences a moderate Mediterranean climate characterised by cool, wet winters and warm summers. The nearest Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) weather stations at Denmark (Station No. 9531) and Albany (Station No. 9500) provide average monthly climate statistics for the Ocean Beach locality (Figure 3.1). Average annual rainfall recorded at the Denmark station since 1897 is 1087.4 mm (BoM 2019). Rainfall may occur at any time of year; however, most occurs in winter in association with cold fronts from the southwest. Highest temperatures at the Albany station occur in February, with average monthly maximum reaching 22.9 °C while lowest temperatures occur in July, which has an average monthly minimum of 8.2°C (BoM 2019). Figure 3.1: Mean monthly climatic data (temperature and rainfall) for Ocean Beach

250 25

200 20 C) 150 15 °

100 10

Rainfall(mm) Temperature(

50 5

0 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month

Mean Rainfall (1897-2019) Monthly Rainfall (2018) Mean Maximum Temperature (1880-2019) Mean Minimum Temperature (1880-2019)

3.1.3 Hydrology The Survey Area is located within the South West Catchment Division, in the Denmark Coast drainage basin, in the Wilson Inlet sub-catchment. No wetlands, water bodies or drainage channels are present within the Survey Area. 3.1.4 Conservation areas The Survey Area does not occur within or adjacent to any nature reserves or conservation areas.

©JBS&G Australia Pty Ltd | Flora and Fauna Survey Report R001 5 NULLAKAI DUNES SYSTEM

Legend: Ocean Beach, WA Scale 1:2,500 at A4 02550 Survey area metres Cadastral boundary LAND SYSTEMS Land Systems Coord. Sys. GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Z Nullakai Dunes System Job No: 57535

Client: Planning Solutions FIGURE 3.2

Version: A Date: 11-Nov-2019

Drawn By: hsullivan Checked By: AH

File Name: \\008PMPMR004V001.jbsg.aust\JBS Perth\Projects\1)Open\Planning Solutions\57535 - Ocean Beach Flora Survey\GIS\Maps\R01 Rev A\57535_03_2_LandSystems.mxd Image Reference: SLIP Public Services Locate 2019.

3.1.5 Land use The primary land uses within the Warren subregion are grazing (improved pastures), cultivation (irrigated horticulture), and conservation, with lesser but significant areas of forestry (native forests and plantations), rural residential, mining and easements for roads, and powerlines. 3.1.6 Regional vegetation

Beard (1990) Botanical Subdistrict The Survey Area is located within the Warren (WAR01) subregion of Western Australia. The region is characterised by dissected undulating country of the Leeuwin Complex and Albany Orogen with loamy soils supporting Karri forest, laterites supporting Jarrah-Marri forest, leached sandy soils in depressions and plains supporting paperbark/sedge swamps, and Holocene marine dunes with Agonis flexuosa woodlands.

IBRA subregion IBRA describes a system of 85 ‘biogeographic regions’ (bioregions) and 403 subregions covering the entirety of the Australian continent (Thackway & Cresswell 1995). Bioregions are defined on the basis of climate, geology, landforms, vegetation and fauna. The Survey Area occurs within the Warren 1 IBRA subregion which is dominated by marri

Vegetation system association Vegetation occurring within the region was initially mapped at a broad scale (1: 1 000 000) by Beard during the 1970s. This dataset formed the basis of several regional mapping systems, including the biogeographical region dataset (Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia) for Western Australia (DEE 2017), physiographic regions defined by Beard (1981). The Survey Area comprises one Beard (1981) vegetation association, 271: Woodland of Allocasuarina fraseriana-Eucalyptus marginata subsp. marginata-Banksia grandis with some Corymbia calophylla on low rises of sedimentary rocks in the perhumid zone, of which 78.79% of the pre-European extent remains (GoWA 2019).

©JBS&G Australia Pty Ltd | Flora and Fauna Survey Report R001 7 Legend: Ocean Beach, WA Scale 1:2,500 at A4 02550 Survey area metres Cadastral boundary REGIONAL VEGETATION Native vegetation (DPIRD) Coord. Sys. GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Z Pre-European vegetation (DPIRD) Mixed heath with scattered tall shrubs Job No: 57535 Acacia spp., PROTEACEAE and Client: Planning Solutions FIGURE 3.3 MYRTACEAE. Version: A Date: 11-Nov-2019

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File Name: \\008PMPMR004V001.jbsg.aust\JBS Perth\Projects\1)Open\Planning Solutions\57535 - Ocean Beach Flora Survey\GIS\Maps\R01 Rev A\57535_03_3_RegVegetation.mxd Image Reference: SLIP Public Services Locate 2019.

4. Methods

4.1 Desktop assessment Database searches were undertaken to generate a list of vascular flora and vertebrate fauna previously recorded within, and nearby the project with an emphasis on species of conservation significance and introduced species (table). Five database searches were conducted around the Survey Area geographical bounding box (N: -14.788854, S:-35.005719, E: 128.870214, W: 113.765525). Search buffers differed due to the technical capabilities of individual databases as well as ecological features surrounding the Survey Area relevant to different species groups. Table 4.1: Database searches conducted for the desktop assessment Custodian Database Taxonomic group Reference Buffer (km) DEE Protected Matters Flora, vegetation and fauna DEE 2019 5 DBCA NatureMap Flora and fauna DPaW 2007- 20 DBCA WA Herbarium Flora DBCA 2017 DBCA Threatened and Priority Flora, Fauna and Flora, vegetation and fauna DBCA 2018 50 Ecological Communities

4.2 Field assessment The field survey was conducted by an experienced botanist and an ecologist on 10 October 2019 (Table 4.2). All plants collected were taken under flora collecting permits listed in Table 4.2, pursuant to WC Act Section 23C and Section 23F. Table 4.2: Personnel Name Role Flora collection permit Bianca Theyer Planning, fieldwork, fauna N/A Senior Ecologist identification, data interpretation Ellen Hickman Planning fieldwork, plant identification, SW019763 Botanist data interpretation Adrianne Hortle Data interpretation and report n/a Botanist preparation

4.2.1 Flora and vegetation A reconnaissance flora survey was conducted across the Survey where two relevé sites were sampled. Relevés were sampled to characterise vegetation types, condition and to ensure appropriate representation of the flora and vegetation present. Indicative site locations were identified prior to commencement of the field survey using aerial photography, topographic maps and existing vegetation maps, to ensure that all broad vegetation types and landforms within the Survey Area would be surveyed. In addition to the two relevé sites, opportunistic flora sampling was conducted to ensure maximum flora species identification across the Survey Area. At each relevé, the following information was recorded: • GPS co-ordinates (recorded in GDA94 UTM 50H) • photograph of the vegetation • vegetation condition • brief vegetation description • vascular flora taxa present (with average height and total percentage foliage cover of each taxon) • topography (landform type and aspect) • soil type and colour

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• geology (type, size and cover of any rocks, stones, gravel or outcropping) • average percentage cover of leaf litter and bare ground • disturbance details including fire history (time since last fire), and physical disturbance including evidence of erosion, grazing and weed invasion. Any flora taxa observed opportunistically around survey sites or while traversing on foot within the Survey Area were also recorded. For any populations of taxa known to be conservation significant or introduced flora observed, a GPS location and a count of the individuals present, or percentage foliar cover for a given area, were recorded. Prior to the survey, a list of conservation significant flora with the potential to occur within the Survey Area was compiled. Field personnel familiarised themselves with photographs, reference samples and descriptions of these taxa before conducting the survey and once on the ground actively searched for within relevé sites and while traversing on foot within the Survey Area. All plant specimens collected during the field surveys were identified using appropriate reference material or through comparisons with pressed specimens housed at the Western Australian Herbarium where necessary. Nomenclature of the species recorded is in accordance with Western Australian Herbarium (1998-). Vegetation condition was recorded in both relevés, and opportunistically within the Survey Area during the field assessment where required. Vegetation condition was described using the vegetation condition scale for the South West Botanical Province (EPA 2016; Table 4.3). Vegetation condition polygon boundaries were developed using this information in conjunction with aerial photography interpretation, and were digitised as for vegetation type mapping polygon boundaries. Table 4.3: Vegetation condition scale for South West and Interzone Botanical Provinces (EPA 2016) Vegetation Condition Description Pristine Pristine or nearly so, no obvious signs of disturbance or damage caused by human activities since European settlement. Excellent Vegetation structure intact, disturbance affecting individual species and weeds are non- aggressive species. Damage to trees caused by fire, the presence of non-aggressive weeds and occasional vehicle tracks. Very Good Vegetation structure altered, obvious signs of disturbance. Disturbance to vegetation structure caused by repeated fires, the presence of some more aggressive weeds, dieback, logging and grazing. Good Vegetation structure significantly altered by very obvious signs of multiple disturbances. Retains basic vegetation structure or ability to regenerate it. Disturbance to vegetation structure caused by very frequent fires, the presence of very aggressive weeds, partial clearing, dieback and grazing. Degraded Basic vegetation structure severely impacted by disturbance. Scope for regeneration but not to a state approaching good condition without intensive management. Disturbance to vegetation structure caused by very frequent fires, the presence of very aggressive weeds at high density, partial clearing, dieback and grazing. Completely Degraded The structure of the vegetation is no longer intact, and the area is completely or almost completely without native species. These areas are often described as ‘parkland cleared’ with the flora comprising weed or crop species with isolated native trees and shrubs. Vegetation types were delineated using a combination of results site observations and cluster analysis. Aerial photography interpretation and field notes taken during the survey were then used to develop VT mapping polygon boundaries over the Survey Area. These polygon boundaries were then digitised using Geographic Information System (GIS) software. VT descriptions (though floristic in origin) have been adapted from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) Australian Vegetation Attribute Manual Version 6.0 (ESCAVI 2003), a system of describing structural vegetation units (based on dominant taxa). This model follows nationally-agreed guidelines to describe and represent vegetation types, so that comparable and

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consistent data is produced nation-wide. For the purposes of this report, a VT is considered equivalent to a NVIS sub-association as described in ESCAVI (2003). 4.2.2 Fauna habitat Vegetation communities and landforms were used to identify the broad fauna habitats in the Survey Area. Habitat assessments were undertaken across the Survey Area at the same location as the relevés. Two habitat assessments were completed within the Survey Area. These fauna habitats were then assessed for their potential to support species of conservation significance and the quality of habitat they provide to a wider suite of fauna. Each broad habitat type description includes information on: • location of the broad habitat type within the Survey Area (GPS co-ordinate) and its relative percentage • habitat condition was assessed, based on the scale given in Keighery (1994) • landscape position • dominant vegetation and structure (e.g. number of vegetation strata) • presence of hollow-bearing trees and dead stags (e.g. average size and abundance of hollows) • description of any rock and rocky outcrops • presence of logs (e.g. abundance and size) • substrate type (e.g. leaf litter) • presence of wetlands, creeks, rivers, dams and other water bodies • description of any observed nests and roosts (if present) • subterranean roosts (e.g. caves, disused mineshafts) • disturbance (e.g. cattle grazing, fire) • photo showing a typical example of the broad habitat type • opportunistic observations of any fauna species observed using the Survey Area.

4.3 Survey limitations and constraints There are possible limitations and constraints that can impinge on the adequacy of vegetation, flora and fauna surveys. The fauna, flora and vegetation assessment has been evaluated against a range of potential limitations (Table 4.4). Based on this evaluation, the assessment has not been subject to limitations or constraints that have affected the thoroughness of the assessment and the conclusions reached. Table 4.4: Flora, vegetation and fauna survey potential limitations and constraints Impact on Potential limitation Comment assessment Sources of information and availability of Not a constraint. The survey has been undertaken in the Warren contextual information (i.e. pre-existing Botanical District which has been well studied background versus new material. and documented (Beard 1990). Scope (i.e. what life forms, etc., were Not a constraint. Number of species recorded, number of quadrats sampled). sampled and timing of the survey (i.e. spring) were adequate for this level of survey. Proportion of flora/fauna collected and Not a constraint. The proportion of flora surveyed was adequate. identified (based on sampling, timing and The entire Survey Area was traversed and flora intensity). species were recorded systematically.

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Impact on Potential limitation Comment assessment Completeness and further work which might Not a constraint. The information collected during the survey was be needed (i.e. was the relevant project area sufficient to assess the vegetation that was fully surveyed). present during the time of the survey. Mapping reliability. Not a constraint. Aerial photography of a suitable scale was used to map the Survey Area. Sites were chosen from these aerials to reflect changes in community structure. Opportunistic sites were also used if differences were observed during on ground reconnaissance. Vegetation types were assigned to each site based on topography, soil type and presence/absence and percent foliage cover of vegetation. Timing, weather, season, cycle. Not a constraint. Flora and vegetation surveys are normally conducted following winter rainfall in the South- West Province, ideally during spring (EPA 2016). The field assessments were conducted in October (i.e. spring) in fine weather conditions and therefore these factors are not deemed to be constraints. Disturbances (fire, flood, accidental human Not a constraint. The Survey Area and regional surrounds have intervention, etc.). been subject to disturbance over a significant period. Given the wide range of this disturbance, this is not considered to be a limitation within the Survey Area. Intensity (in retrospect, was the intensity Not a constraint. The Survey Area was traversed on foot and all adequate). differences in vegetation structure and fauna habitat were recorded appropriately. Resources (i.e. were there adequate resources Not a constraint. The available resources were adequate to to complete the survey to the required complete the survey. standard). Access problems (i.e. ability to access project Not a constraint. The Survey Area was easily traversed on foot area). enabling adequate access to survey the vegetation and fauna habitat therein. Experience levels (e.g. degree of expertise in Not a constraint. All survey personnel have the appropriate species identification to taxon level). training in sampling and identifying the flora and vegetation of the region.

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5. Results

5.1 Desktop assessment 5.1.1 Threatened and Priority flora A total of 24 flora taxa of conservation significance were identified by database searches (Appendix B). Of the 24 taxa, 22 are listed as Priority flora species by DBCA, a further two are listed as Threatened under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (BC Act) and the Environment Protection and Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The potential for these plants to occur within the Survey Area was assessed based on general habitat requirements and distribution. Following an analysis of the preferred habitat of the conservation species and the habitat present within the Survey Area, 11 Priority flora species were considered to have the potential to occur within the Survey Area; as follows: • Amanita drummondii (P3) • Andersonia sp. Virolens (G.J. Keighery 12000) (P3) • Banksia sessilis var. cordata (P4) • Caladenia applanata subsp. erubescens (P2) • Drakaea micrantha (T) • Lepidium pseudotasmanicum (P4) • Stylidium sp. Kordabup (P1) • Synaphea incurva (P3) • Tetraria sp. Blackwood River (P3) • Thomasia quercifolia (P4) • Thomasia solanacea (P4)

5.1.2 Threatened and Priority Ecological Communities The DBCA Threatened and Priority Ecological Community Database search identified one TEC, also listed as a PEC by DBCA, within a 50 km radius of the Survey Area (Table 5.1; Figure 5.1).

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Table 5.1: TEC/PEC identified within and near the Survey Area Conservation Status Community Description Potential to occur EPBC Act BC Act Subtropical Vulnerable Priority 3 Consists of the assemblage of plants, animals and micro- Unlikely, the and organisms associated with saltmarsh in coastal regions of Survey Area does Temperate sub-tropical and temperate Australia (south of 23°S not occur within an Coastal latitude). The habitat is coastal intertidal zone. Saltmarsh areas under tidal influence. In southern latitudes saltmarsh are the dominant habitat in the intertidal zone and often occur in association with estuaries. It is typically restricted to the upper intertidal environment, generally between the elevation of the mean high tide, and the mean spring tide. The community consists mainly of salt-tolerant vegetation (halophytes) including: grasses, herbs, reeds, sedges and shrubs. Succulent herbs and grasses generally dominate and vegetation is generally <0.5m tall with the exception of some reeds and sedges. Many species of non-vascular plants are also found in saltmarsh, including epiphytic algae, diatoms and cyanobacterial mats.

5.1.3 Threatened fauna A total of 33 fauna taxa of conservation significance were identified by database searches (Appendix B). Of these, eight are protected under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (BC Act), and 13 are listed as under the Environment Protection and Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The remaining taxa are listed under an international migratory bird agreement, as Priority fauna species, or as Other Specially Protected Fauna (Appendix B). The potential for these species to occur within the Survey Area was assessed based on general habitat requirements and distribution (Appendix B). The following conservation significant fauna species were considered to have the potential to occur within the Survey Area, based on their preferred habitat: • Calyptorhynchus baudinii Baudin’s Cockatoo (Endangered BC Act and EPBC Act) • Calyptorhynchus latirostris Carnaby’s Cockatoo (Endangered BC Act and EPBC Act) • Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon (Threatened BC Act) • Parantechinus apicalis Dibbler (Endangered EPBC Act) • Isoodon obesulus fusciventer Quenda (Priority 4 BC Act) • Setonix brachyurus Quokka (Vulnerable BC Act and EPBC Act) • Zephyrarchaea mainae Main’s Assassin Spider (Vulnerable BC Act and EPBC Act)

Waterbirds Due to proximity of the Survey Area to the coast, a number of marine bird species were identified in database searches as potentially occurring therein; however, the majority of these species specifically require coastal habitats to forage and breed; as such, were considered unlikely to occur within the Survey Area.

Marine species Strictly marine species such as fish, turtles and marine mammals were identified in desktop searches due to proximity of the Survey Area to the coast. These have been excluded from the discussion as the Survey Area does not contain a coastal or marine component.

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Species not occurring in WA The EPBC Protected Matters Search Tool (PMST; DEE 2019b) is not entirely based on point records, but also on broader information, for example bioclimatic distribution models. Searches using the PMST may identify species occurring outside of the state. These species have been addressed briefly below and considered unlikely to occur within the Survey Area.

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Legend: Ocean Beach, WA Scale 1:600 at A4 0510 Survey area metres Cadastral boundary CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANT FLORA Priority flora Coord. Sys. GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Z AND COMMUNITIES ! Banksia sessilis var. cordata Job No: 57535

Client: Planning Solutions FIGURE 5.1

Version: A Date: 11-Nov-2019

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File Name: \\008PMPMR004V001.jbsg.aust\JBS Perth\Projects\1)Open\Planning Solutions\57535 - Ocean Beach Flora Survey\GIS\Maps\R01 Rev A\57535_05_1_ConSig.mxd Image Reference: SLIP Public Services Locate 2019.

5.2 Field survey During the survey, two relevé sites were sampled across the Survey Area. Transects were also conducted across the Survey Area to determine whether any changes in vegetation were present, and to search for any Threatened or Priority flora. Raw relevé data is provided in Appendix C. 5.2.1 Flora and vegetation

Native flora 60 native vascular plant taxa from 29 plant families were recorded within the Survey Area. The majority of taxa were recorded within the Fabaceae (seven taxa), Asteraceae, Cyperaceae and Dilleniaceae (five taxa per family) families (Appendix D).

Conservation significant flora One individual of Banksia sessilis var. cordata (P4) was identified within the Survey Area within the coastal heath vegetation type (Figure 5.1. Although individuals were not identified, potential suitable habitat was identified for 11 of the species listed in Appendix B: • Andersonia sp. Virolens (G.J. Keighery 12000) • Synaphea incurva • Anthocercis sylvicola • Gahnia sclerioides • Thomasia quercifolia • Thomasia solanacea • Corybas limpidus • Pleurophascum occidentale • Banksia sessilis var. cordata • Calectasia cyanea • Drakaea micrantha

Introduced (exotic) taxa During the survey only one non-invasive introduced species, Pelargonium capitatum (Rose pelargonium), was observed within the Survey Area.

Survey adequacy A total of two relevés were sampled within intact remnant vegetation in the Survey Area. This was considered adequate as each relevé was conducted in the identified vegetation types. A site walkover was conducted to assess vegetation around the remainder of the Survey Area.

Vegetation types A total of three vegetation types (VTs) were defined and mapped within the Survey Area (Figure 5.2) and are summarised in Table 5.2. The total area mapped within the Survey Area was 0.1923 ha. Broadly speaking, vegetation within the Survey Area comprised Agonis flexuosa low forest and coastal limestone heath, in excellent condition.

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Table 5.2: Vegetation types recorded within the Survey Area Area (ha) % of Vegetation within the Description Survey Representative photograph type Survey Area Area 1 Peppermint (Agonis 0.07 37.6 flexuosa) low forest with dominant understorey species, Hibbertia furfuracea

2 Coastal heath/coastal 0.11 58.2 limestone heath with dominant species including Spyridium globulosum, Leucopogon obovatus and Desmocladus flexuosa

3 Cleared Track 0.01 4.2 N/A Total 0.19 100

Vegetation condition The vegetation condition throughout the Survey Area is classified as Excellent (Keighery 1994) and is long unburnt.

Threatened and Priority Ecological Communities No TECs or PECs were present within the Survey Area. Additionally, comparison of the vegetation type recorded in the Survey Area with descriptions of known TECs and PECs indicated the vegetation within the Survey Area did not align with any known TECs and PECs (DBCA 2018, DBCA 2019, DEE 2019d).

©JBS&G Australia Pty Ltd | Flora and Fauna Survey Report R001 18 Legend: Ocean Beach, WA Scale 1:600 at A4 0510 Survey area metres Cadastral boundary VEGETATION TYPES (VTS) MAPPED Vegetation type Coord. Sys. GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 Z WITHIN THE SURVEY AREA Coastal Heath / Coastal Limestone Heath Job No: 57535 Peppermint Low Forest Cleared track Client: Planning Solutions FIGURE 5.2 Version: A Date: 11-Nov-2019

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File Name: \\008PMPMR004V001.jbsg.aust\JBS Perth\Projects\1)Open\Planning Solutions\57535 - Ocean Beach Flora Survey\GIS\Maps\R01 Rev A\57535_05_2_VegTypes.mxd Image Reference: SLIP Public Services Locate 2019.

5.2.2 Fauna habitat A total of three fauna habitat types were observed within the Survey Area as identified in Figure 5.3. Representative photographs can be seen associated with the corresponding vegetation type in Table 5.3. Table 5.3: Fauna Habitat types within the Survey Area Area within Area within Habitat type Survey Area (ha) Survey Area (%) Peppermint (Agonis flexuosa) low forest with dominant understorey species, 0.07 37.6 Hibbertia furfuracea Coastal heath/coastal limestone heath with dominant species including Spyridium 0.11 58.2 globulosum, Leucopogon obovatus and Desmocladus flexuosa Cleared Track 0.01 4.2 Total 0.19 100 During the fauna survey, only one conservation significant species was identified to occur within the Survey Area (Figure 5.3): • Isoodon fusciventer (Quenda). This species was detected through diggings and presence of runnels. No other Threatened or Priority fauna species were detected within the Survey Area. Within the Survey Area two mammals (including the Quenda), 12 birds and one reptile were confirmed to occur. The non-conservation significant species observed or identified to occur within the Survey Area were: • Macropus fuliginosus - Western Grey Kangaroo • Cacomantis pallidus - Pallid cuckoo • Corvus coronoides - Australian Raven • Cracticus torquatus - Grey butcherbird • Falco cenchroides - Nankeen Kestrel • Gerygone fusca - Western gerygone • Hirundo neoxena- Welcome swallow • Malurus splendens - Splendid fairywren • Phylidonyris novaehollandiae New Holland honeyeater • Barnardius zonarius - Australian ringneck • Rhipidura albiscapa - Grey fantail • Sericornis frontalis - White-browed scrubwren • Smicrornis brevirostris – Weebil • Zosterops lateralis – Silvereye Only one native non-native species was observed within the Survey Area: • Oryctolagus cuniculus European rabbit The habitat types in the Survey Area were assessed on their extents and levels of significance according to the following criteria: • Distribution: those habitats widespread and common within the surrounding regions were categorised as ‘widespread’; otherwise they were categorised as being of ‘limited extent’

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• Significance: those habitats considered important to species of conservation significance or distinct fauna assemblages are deemed ‘significant’; otherwise they were categorised as being of ‘limited significance’. Following the results of the site visit, vegetation was assessed for suitability for the conservation significant species identified in Appendix B. The following species are considered to potentially occur within the Survey Area based on the presence of suitable habitat • Calyptorhynchus baudinii Baudin’s Cockatoo • Calyptorhynchus latirostris Carnaby’s Cockatoo • Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon • Parantechinus apicalis Dibbler • Setonix brachyurus Quokka • Zephyrarchaea mainae Main’s Assassin Spider Tracks were not able to be observed through the Survey Area due to the level of coverage of foliage and leaf litter in the understorey, particularly in the coastal heath vegetation type. Vegetation was observed to be fairly uniform in structure within the Survey Area and in the adjacent sites. As such, habitats recorded within the Survey Areas are considered to be of limited significance and widely distributed across the local and regional area.

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Legend: Ocean Beach, WA Scale 1:600 at A4 0510 Survey area Fauna habitat sites metres " Rabbit warren Fauna habitat FAUNA HABITAT TYPES WITHIN Coastal heath " Rattus fuscipes burrow Coord. Sys. GDA 1994 MGA Zone 50 THE SURVEY AREA entrance Z Peppermint low forest " Runnel Cleared track Job No: 57535 " Zephyrarchaea mainae Fauna species habitat Client: Planning Solutions FIGURE 5.3 ! Isoodon fusciventer Version: A Date: 11-Nov-2019

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File Name: \\008PMPMR004V001.jbsg.aust\JBS Perth\Projects\1)Open\Planning Solutions\57535 - Ocean Beach Flora Survey\GIS\Maps\R01 Rev A\57535_05_3_FaunaHabitat.mxd Image Reference: SLIP Public Services Locate 2019.

6. Discussion

6.1 Flora and vegetation A total of 60 native vascular plant taxa from 29 plant families were recorded within the Survey Area. Survey results indicated the presence of threatened or priority flora taxa identified by database searches, one individual, Banksia sessilis var. cordata (P4) was observed within the Survey Area within the coastal heath vegetation type. One introduced (exotic) species, Pelargonium capitatum, was recorded within the Survey Area. A total of three vegetation types (VTs) were defined and mapped within the Survey Area, as follows: • Peppermint (Agonis flexuosa) low forest with dominant understorey species, Hibbertia furfuracea, in Excellent condition • Coastal Heath / Coastal Limestone Heath with dominant species including Spyridium globulosum, Leucopogon obovatus and Desmocladus flexuosa, in Excellent condition • Cleared track in completely degraded condition. No TEC’s were identified within the Survey Area. 6.2 Fauna and fauna habitat Within the Survey Area three fauna habitat types were observed: • Peppermint (Agonis flexuosa) low forest with dominant understorey species, Hibbertia furfuracea, in Excellent condition • Coastal Heath / Coastal Limestone Heath with dominant species including Spyridium globulosum, Leucopogon obovatus and Desmocladus flexuosa, in Excellent condition • Cleared track in completely degraded condition. Only one conservation significant fauna species was confirmed to occur within the Survey Area, Quenda Priority 4, Suitable habitat was observed for a further six conservation significant species throughout the Survey Area based on the presence of suitable foraging and breeding habitat. Vegetation was observed to be fairly uniform in structure within the Survey Area. As such, habitats recorded within the Survey Areas are considered to be of limited significance. Fauna habitat is also considered relatively uniform across the wider area with vegetation variation due to topographical differences resulting in varied soil conditions.

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7. Summary and conclusion

The Detailed flora and vegetation survey and fauna habitat survey conducted in October 2019 during spring has been successful in collecting data to define and assess the presence, type, extent and significance of vegetation types and fauna habitats within the Survey Area. One individual flora species listed as Priority was identified in the Survey Area. Two vegetation types were identified in the Survey Area and approximately 95% of vegetation in the Survey Area was classed as Excellent. No TECs or PECs have been recorded in the Survey Area. The fauna habitats recorded within the Survey Area are marginal within the area and are not considered to be significant in the support of conservation significant fauna species.

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Limitations This report has been prepared for use by the client who has commissioned the works in accordance with the project brief only, and has been based in part on information obtained from the client and other parties. The advice herein relates only to this project and all results conclusions and recommendations made should be reviewed by a competent person with experience in environmental investigations, before being used for any other purpose. JBS&G accepts no liability for use or interpretation by any person or body other than the client who commissioned the works. This report should not be reproduced without prior approval by the client, or amended in any way without prior approval by JBS&G, and should not be relied upon by other parties, who should make their own enquires. Sampling and chemical analysis of environmental media is based on appropriate guidance documents made and approved by the relevant regulatory authorities. Conclusions arising from the review and assessment of environmental data are based on the sampling and analysis considered appropriate based on the regulatory requirements. Limited sampling and laboratory analyses were undertaken as part of the investigations undertaken, as described herein. Ground conditions between sampling locations and media may vary, and this should be considered when extrapolating between sampling points. Chemical analytes are based on the information detailed in the site history. Further chemicals or categories of chemicals may exist at the site, which were not identified in the site history and which may not be expected at the site. Changes to the subsurface conditions may occur subsequent to the investigations described herein, through natural processes or through the intentional or accidental addition of contaminants. The conclusions and recommendations reached in this report are based on the information obtained at the time of the investigations. This report does not provide a complete assessment of the environmental status of the site, and it is limited to the scope defined herein. Should information become available regarding conditions at the site including previously unknown sources of contamination, JBS&G reserves the right to review the report in the context of the additional information.

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8. References

Beard,. J,. S. (1981). Swan, 1:1000000 vegetation series: explanatory notes to sheet 7: the vegetation of the Swan area, University of Western Australia Press, Nedlands, Western Australia.

Beard,. J,. S. (1990). Plant Life of Western Australia. Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst, New South Wales.

Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) 2019, Climatic Statistics for Australian Locations: Monthly climate statistics for Cygnet Bay, [Online], Australian Government, Available from: http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_009194.shtml [20 October 2019].

Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA). (2018), Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018, [Online], Government of Western Australia, https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/plants-animals/threatened- species/Listings/flora_notice.pdf [14 October 2019].

Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions (DBCA). (2017), Priority Ecological Communities for Western Australia Version 24 (30 June 2017), Government of Western Australia, Perth.

Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions (DBCA). (2018). List of Threatened Ecological Communities endorsed by the Western Australian Minister for Environment (Correct as at 28 June 2018), Government of Western Australia, Perth.

Department of Environment and Energy (DEE) 2017, Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia, Version 7, [Online], Australian Government, Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system/science-maps-and- data/australias-bioregions-ibra [22 October 2019].

Department of Environment and Energy (DEE) (2019). EPBC Act Protected Matters Search Tool, [Online], Australian Government. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/pmst/index.html [14 October 2019].

Department of Parks and Wildlife (Parks and Wildlife). (2007). NatureMap, Mapping Western Australia’s Biodiversity, [Online], Government of Western Australia, Available from: http://naturemap.dec.wa.gov.au/ [14 October 2019].

Environmental Protection Authority (EPA). (2016). Technical Guidance (in accordance with the Environmental Protection Act 1986) – Terrestrial flora and vegetation surveys for environmental impact assessment in Western Australia. Government of Western Australia, Perth.

Executive Steering Committee for Australian Vegetation Information (ESCAVI). (2003). Australian Vegetation Attribute Manual: National Vegetation Information System, Version 6.0, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Australian Capital Territory.

Government of Western Australia (GoWA) 2019, 2017 Statewide Vegetation Statistics incorporating the CAR Reserve Analysis (Full Report), Current as of April 2019, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Perth.

Keighery,. B. (1994). Bushland Plant Survey: A Guide to Plant Community Survey for the Community, Wildflower Society, Floreat.

Schoknecht,. N,. & Payne,. A,. L. (2011) Land systems of the Kimberley region, Western Australia. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Perth. Technical Bulletin 98.

Thackway & Cresswell. (1995). An Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia: A framework for setting priorities in the National Reserves System Cooperative Program Version 4, Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra.

Western Australian Herbarium. (1998-). FloraBase – the Western Australian Flora, [Online], Government of Western Australia, Available from: http://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/ [14 January 2019].

Appendix A Conservation significant flora and ecological community definitions

A1. Definition of Threatened Ecological Communities -BC Act

The Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 and the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 have been transitioned under regulations 170, 171 and 172 of the Biodiversity Conservation Regulations 2018 to be the lists of Threatened, Extinct and Specially Protected species under Part 2 of the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016. Categories of Threatened, Extinct and Specially Protected fauna and flora are: T Threatened species Listed by order of the Minister as Threatened in the category of critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable under section 19(1), or is a rediscovered species to be regarded as threatened species under section 26(2) of the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (BC Act). Threatened fauna is that subset of ‘Specially Protected Fauna’ listed under schedules 1 to 3 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 for Threatened Fauna. Threatened flora is that subset of ‘Rare Flora’ listed under schedules 1 to 3 of the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 for Threatened Flora. The assessment of the conservation status of these species is based on their national extent and ranked according to their level of threat using IUCN Red List categories and criteria as detailed below. CR Critically endangered species Threatened species considered to be “facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future, as determined in accordance with criteria set out in the ministerial guidelines”. Listed as critically endangered under section 19(1)(a) of the BC Act in accordance with the criteria set out in section 20 and the ministerial guidelines. Published under schedule 1 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 for critically endangered fauna or the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 for critically endangered flora. EN Endangered species Threatened species considered to be “facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future, as determined in accordance with criteria set out in the ministerial guidelines”. Listed as endangered under section 19(1)(b) of the BC Act in accordance with the criteria set out in section 21 and the ministerial guidelines. Published under schedule 2 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 for endangered fauna or the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 for endangered flora. VU Vulnerable species Threatened species considered to be “facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future, as determined in accordance with criteria set out in the ministerial guidelines”. Listed as vulnerable under section 19(1)(c) of the BC Act in accordance with the criteria set out in section 22 and the ministerial guidelines. Published under schedule 3 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 for vulnerable fauna or the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 for vulnerable flora. Extinct species Listed by order of the Minister as extinct under section 23(1) of the BC Act as extinct or extinct in the wild.

EX Extinct species Species where “there is no reasonable doubt that the last member of the species has died”, and listing is otherwise in accordance with the ministerial guidelines (section 24 of the BC Act). Published as presumed extinct under schedule 4 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 for extinct fauna or the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 for extinct flora. EW Extinct in the wild species Species that “is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalised population well outside its past range; and it has not been recorded in its known habitat or expected habitat, at appropriate seasons, anywhere in its past range, despite surveys over a time frame appropriate to its life cycle and form”, and listing is otherwise in accordance with the ministerial guidelines (section 25 of the BC Act). Currently there are no threatened fauna or threatened flora species listed as extinct in the wild. If listing of a species as extinct in the wild occurs, then a schedule will be added to the applicable notice. Specially protected species Listed by order of the Minister as specially protected under section 13(1) of the BC Act. Meeting one or more of the following categories: species of special conservation interest; migratory species; cetaceans; species subject to international agreement; or species otherwise in need of special protection. Species that are listed as threatened species (critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable) or extinct species under the BC Act cannot also be listed as Specially Protected species. MI Migratory species Fauna that periodically or occasionally visit Australia or an external Territory or the exclusive economic zone; or the species is subject of an international agreement that relates to the protection of migratory species and that binds the Commonwealth; and listing is otherwise in accordance with the ministerial guidelines (section 15 of the BC Act). Includes birds that are subject to an agreement between the government of Australia and the governments of Japan (JAMBA), China (CAMBA) and The Republic of Korea (ROKAMBA), and fauna subject to the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Bonn Convention), an environmental treaty under the United Nations Environment Program. Migratory species listed under the BC Act are a subset of the migratory animals, that are known to visit Western Australia, protected under the international agreements or treaties, excluding species that are listed as Threatened species. Published as migratory birds protected under an international agreement under schedule 5 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018. CD Species of special conservation interest (conservation dependent fauna) Fauna of special conservation need being species dependent on ongoing conservation intervention to prevent it becoming eligible for listing as threatened, and listing is otherwise in accordance with the ministerial guidelines (section 14 of the BC Act). Published as conservation dependent fauna under schedule 6 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018. OS Other specially protected species Fauna otherwise in need of special protection to ensure their conservation, and listing is otherwise in accordance with the ministerial guidelines (section 18 of the BC Act). Published as other specially protected fauna under schedule 7 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018.

Priority species Possibly threatened species that do not meet survey criteria, or are otherwise data deficient, are added to the Priority Fauna or Priority Flora Lists under Priorities 1, 2 or 3. These three categories are ranked in order of priority for survey and evaluation of conservation status so that consideration can be given to their declaration as threatened fauna or flora. Species that are adequately known, are rare but not threatened, or meet criteria for near threatened, or that have been recently removed from the threatened species or other specially protected fauna lists for other than taxonomic reasons, are placed in Priority 4. These species require regular monitoring. Assessment of Priority codes is based on the Western Australian distribution of the species, unless the distribution in WA is part of a contiguous population extending into adjacent States, as defined by the known spread of locations. Priority 1: Poorly-known species - Species that are known from one or a few locations (generally five or less) which are potentially at risk. All occurrences are either: very small; or on lands not managed for conservation, e.g. agricultural or pastoral lands, urban areas, road and rail reserves, gravel reserves and active mineral leases; or otherwise under threat of habitat destruction or degradation. Species may be included if they are comparatively well known from one or more locations but do not meet adequacy of survey requirements and appear to be under immediate threat from known threatening processes. Such species are in urgent need of further survey. Priority 2: Poorly-known species - Species that are known from one or a few locations (generally five or less), some of which are on lands managed primarily for nature conservation, e.g. national parks, conservation parks, nature reserves and other lands with secure tenure being managed for conservation. Species may be included if they are comparatively well known from one or more locations but do not meet adequacy of survey requirements and appear to be under threat from known threatening processes. Such species are in urgent need of further survey. Priority 3: Poorly-known species - Species that are known from several locations, and the species does not appear to be under imminent threat, or from few but widespread locations with either large population size or significant remaining areas of apparently suitable habitat, much of it not under imminent threat. Species may be included if they are comparatively well known from several locations but do not meet adequacy of survey requirements and known threatening processes exist that could affect them. Such species are in need of further survey. Priority 4: Rare, Near Threatened and other species in need of monitoring (a) Rare. Species that are considered to have been adequately surveyed, or for which sufficient knowledge is available, and that are considered not currently threatened or in need of special protection but could be if present circumstances change. These species are usually represented on conservation lands. (b) Near Threatened. Species that are considered to have been adequately surveyed and that are close to qualifying for vulnerable but are not listed as Conservation Dependent. (c) Species that have been removed from the list of threatened species during the past five years for reasons other than taxonomy.

A2. Definition of Threatened Ecological Communities -EPBC Act

A2.1 Critically endangered An ecological community is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future (indicative timeframe being the next 10 years). A2.2 Endangered An ecological community is not critically endangered but is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future (indicative timeframe being the next 20 years). A2.3 Vulnerable An ecological community is not critically endangered or endangered, but is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium–term future (indicative timeframe being the next 50 years).

Appendix B Desktop assessment results Table 8.1: Threatened and Priority flora species potentially occurring within the Survey Area Species Conservation status FAMILY Description Potential to occur Common name (if EPBC Act BC Act applicable) Amanita drummondii Not listed P3 Fungal; found in leaf litter associated Possible due to presence of with Agonis flexuosa. preferred habitat. Andersonia sp. Not listed P3 No information available. Possible. Species with no, or Virolens (G.J. Keighery limited, habitat information 12000) available have been ERICACEAE considered as possibly occurring, as they are unable to be definitively ruled out based on absence of habitat. Anthocercis sylvicola Not listed P3 Spiny shrub to 250 cm high and 150 Unlikely due to absence of SOLANACEAE cm wide. Found in tingle (Eucalyptus preferred habitat. jacksonii and E. guilfoylei) or karri (E. diversicolor) dominated forest adjacent to granite outcrops. Banksia serra Not listed P4 Erect, slender, non-lignotuberous Unlikely due to absence of PROTEACEAE shrub, 1-4(-7) m high. Fl. preferred habitat. Serrate-leaved yellow/cream-green, Jul to Sep. Dryandra Gravel, sand or clay loam over laterite. Hillslopes. Banksia sessilis var. Not listed P4 Non-lignotuberous shrub, to 2.5 m Possible due to presence of cordata high. Fl. cream-yellow, Jul to Oct. preferred habitat. PROTEACEAE White/grey sand. Coastal limestone.

Boronia virgata Not listed P4 Slender, erect or sprawling shrub, 0.3- Unlikely due to absence of RUTACEAE 2 m high. Fl. pink, Aug to Dec or Jan to preferred habitat. Feb. Peaty sand or clay. Swampy or waterlogged places. Borya longiscapa Not listed P3 Dwarf domed perennial, herb, to 0.6 Unlikely due to absence of BORYACEAE m high. Fl. cream-white-yellow, Oct to preferred habitat. Dec. Grey sand. Granite outcrops. Caladenia applanata Not listed P2 Tuberous, perennial, herb, 0.25-0.4 m Possible due to presence of subsp. erubescens high. Fl. pink, Sep to Oct. Sand. preferred habitat. ORCHIDACEAE Consolidated dunes, summer burnt areas. Drakaea micrantha Threatened T Tuberous, perennial, herb, 0.15-0.3 m Possible due to presence of ORCHIDACEAE high. Fl. red & yellow, Sep to Oct. preferred habitat. White-grey sand. Drepanocladus Not listed P2 Moss, found in permanent wetlands. Unlikely due to absence of aduncus preferred habitat. AMBLYSTEGIACEAE Drosera fimbriata Not listed P4 Erect tuberous, perennial, herb, 0.05- Unlikely due to absence of DROSERACEAE 0.15 m high. Fl. white, Sep to Oct. preferred habitat. Manypeaks Sundew White sand, granite. Eucalyptus virginea Not listed P4 Tree, to 12 m high, bark smooth, Unlikely due to absence of MYRTACEAE powdery, white. Fl. white, Dec or Jan preferred habitat. or Jul. Clay or sandy loam, shallow soil over granite, laterite loam over clay. Lower slopes near watercourses, edge of rock outcrops, gently sloping sites. Kennedia glabrata Vulnerable T Prostrate shrub, 0.05-0.5 m high, to 5 Unlikely due to absence of FABACEAE m wide. Fl. red, Aug to Nov. Soil preferred habitat. Northcliffe Kennedia pockets, sandy soils. Granite outcrops.

Species Conservation status FAMILY Description Potential to occur Common name (if EPBC Act BC Act applicable) Lepidium Not listed P4 Erect annual or biennial, herb, 0.2- Possible due to presence of pseudotasmanicum 0.4(-1) m high. Fl. white-green, Feb or preferred habitat. BRSSICACEAE Dec. Loam, sand.

Melaleuca viminalis Not listed P2 Grows as a rheophyte along creeks Unlikely due to absence of MYRTACEAE and rivers usually in open forest preferred habitat. situations but sometimes on streams flowing through rain forest. Microtis pulchella Not listed P4 Tuberous, perennial, herb, 0.12-0.25 Unlikely due to absence of ORCHIDACEAE m high. Fl. white, Nov to Dec or Jan. preferred habitat. Beautiful Mignonette Peaty sand. Winter-wet swamps. Orchid Pleurophascum Not listed P4 Moss, plants robust, in loose mats, Unlikely due to absence of occidentale characteristically yellow-green and preferred habitat. PLEUROPHASCACEAE glossy above and bronze-brown below, about 2-3 cm high. Shallow soils at edge of granite outcrops. Selliera radicans Not listed P1 Prostrate, woody perennial, herb. Unlikely due to absence of GOODENIACEAE Saline mud. Estuarine areas. preferred habitat. Stylidium sp. Not listed P1 No information available. Possible. Species with no, or Kordabup limited, habitat information STYLIDIACEAE available have been considered as possibly occurring, as they are unable to be definitively ruled out based on absence of habitat. Synaphea incurva Not listed P3 Clumped, spreading shrub. Fl. yellow, Possible due to presence of PROTEACEAE Sep to Nov. Gravelly loam, sandy soils. preferred habitat. Slopes. Tetraria sp. Not listed P3 No information available. Possible. Species with no, or Blackwood River limited, habitat information CYPERACEAE available have been considered as possibly occurring, as they are unable to be definitively ruled out based on absence of habitat. Thomasia quercifolia Not listed P4 Shrub, ca 1 m high. Flowering time Possible. Species with no, or MALVACEAE April, August, October, November or limited, habitat information Oak Leaved Thomasia December. Calyx pink/purple. available have been considered as possibly occurring, as they are unable to be definitively ruled out based on absence of habitat. Thomasia solanacea Not listed P4 Erect shrub, 0.5-3 m high. Fl. blue- Possible due to presence of MALVACEAE purple-pink, Sep to Dec. Alluvium, preferred habitat. sand over limestone, rocky loam. Coastal areas. Xanthosia eichleri Not listed P4 Erect, procumbent or decumbent Unlikely due to absence of APIACEAE shrub (subshrub), 0.05-0.25 m high, preferred habitat. leaves simple, cuneate; umbels simple; petals shorter than sepals. Fl. white-cream, Oct to Nov. Grey sand over granite, sandy loam. Granite outcrops, jarrah/marri woodland.

Table 8.2: Threatened and Priority fauna species potentially occurring within the Survey Area Conservation status Species Description Potential to occur EPBC Act BC Act Actitis hypoleucos Not listed IA Survey for birds in suitable habitat; Unlikely – the preferred Common Sandpiper almost entirely coastal, coastal habitat for this species wetlands and some inland does not occur within the wetlands, with varying levels of Survey Area salinity, and is mostly found around muddy margins or rocky shores and rarely on mudflats. Ardenna carneipes Vulnerable IA Mainly occurs in the subtropics Unlikely – the preferred Flesh-footed Shearwater over continental shelves and habitat for this species slopes and occasionally inshore does not occur within the waters. Breeds on islands in Survey Area burrows on sloping ground in coastal forest, scrubland, shrubland or grassland Ardenna tenuirostris Not listed IA Breeding occurs mainly on coastal Unlikely – the preferred Short-tailed Shearwater islands, typically in areas of habitat for this species grassland or other vegetation, but does not occur within the sometimes cliffs or bare ground Survey Area Arenaria interpres Not listed IA Prefers coastal regions with Unlikely – the preferred Ruddy Turnstone exposed rock coast lines or coral habitat for this species reefs, platforms and shelves, often does not occur within the with shallow tidal pools and rocky, Survey Area shingle or gravel beaches. Occasionally been sighted in estuaries, harbours, bays and coastal lagoons, among low saltmarsh or on exposed beds of seagrass, around sewage ponds and on mudflats Botaurus poiciloptilus Endangered Endangered Found in beds of tall rush mixed Unlikely – the preferred Australasian with, or near, short fine sedge or habitat for this species Bittern open pools. The species also does not occur within the occurs around swamps, lakes, Survey Area pools, rivers and channels fringed with lignum (Muehlenbeckia sp.), cane grass (Eragrostis sp.) or other dense vegetation Calidris acuminata Not listed IA Preferers muddy edges of shallow Unlikely – the preferred Sharp-tailed Sandpiper fresh or brackish wetlands, with habitat for this species inundated or emergent does not occur within the sedges, grass, saltmarsh or other Survey Area low vegetation Calidris alba Not listed IA The species is almost entirely Unlikely – the preferred Sanderling coastal mostly on open sandy habitat for this species beaches exposed to open does not occur within the seaswell, and also on exposed Survey Area sandbars and spits, and shingle banks, where they forage in the wave-wash zone and amongst rotting seaweed

Conservation status Species Description Potential to occur EPBC Act BC Act Calidris canutus Endangered IA The species is almost entirely Unlikely – the preferred Red knot coastal. Inhabit intertidal habitat for this species mudflats, sandflats and sandy does not occur within the beaches Survey Area of sheltered coasts, in estuaries, bays, inlets, lagoons and harbours; sometimes on sandy ocean beaches or shallow pools on exposed wave-cut rock platforms or coral reefs Calidris ferruginea Critically IA This species is found on intertidal Unlikely – the preferred Curlew Sandpiper endangered mudflats of estuaries, lagoons, habitat for this species mangroves, as well as beaches, does not occur within the rocky shores and around lakes, Survey Area dams and floodwaters Calidris ruficollis Not listed IA This species is mostly found in Unlikely – the preferred Red-necked Stint coastal areas, including sheltered habitat for this species inlets, bays, lagoons and estuaries does not occur within the with intertidal mudflats; Survey Area ephemeral or permanent shallow wetlands near the coast or inland, and sometimes flooded paddocks or damp grasslands Calidris subminuta Not listed IA This species prefers shallow Unlikely – the preferred Long-toed Stint freshwater or brackish wetlands habitat for this species including lakes, swamps, river does not occur within the floodplains, Survey Area streams, lagoons and sewage ponds Calidris tenuirostris Critically IA This species inhabits intertidal Unlikely – the preferred Great Knot endangered mudflats and sandflats in habitat for this species sheltered coasts, including bays does not occur within the harbours and estuaries Survey Area Calyptorhynchus baudinii Endangered Threatened This species nests in large, mature Possible – some foraging Baudin’s Cockatoo trees. Preferred foraging habitat habitat for this species includes vegetation containing occurs within the Survey proteaceous heath/woodland, Area eucalypt woodlands or forest (particularly Marri and Jarrah forest) and in areas dominated by Pinus sp Calyptorhynchus latirostris Endangered Endangered This species nests in large, mature Possible – some foraging Carnaby’s Cockatoo trees. Preferred foraging habitat habitat for this species includes proteaceous occurs within the Survey heath/woodland, eucalypt Area woodlands or forest Caretta caretta Endangered Endangered Marine Species Unlikely – the preferred Loggerhead Turtle habitat for this species does not occur within the Survey Area Charadrius leschenaultii Vulnerable IA The species is almost entirely Unlikely – the preferred Greater Sand Plover coastal, inhabiting littoral and habitat for this species estuarine habitats. Mainly occur does not occur within the on sheltered sandy, shelly or Survey Area muddy beaches with large intertidal mudflats or sandbanks, as well as sandy estuarine lagoons

Conservation status Species Description Potential to occur EPBC Act BC Act Chlidonias leucopterus Not listed IA Mostly inhabits fresh, brackish or Unlikely – the preferred White-winged Black Tern saline, coastal or subcoastal habitat for this species wetlands, tidal wetlands and their does not occur within the associated tidal sandflats and Survey Area mudflats Cynotelopus notabilis Endangered Threatened Deep litter and under logs as well Unlikely – the preferred Western Australian Pill as under rocks. Specimens have habitat for this species Millipede been found under rocks associated does not occur within the with granite tors, from under logs Survey Area and karri bark, and in leaf litter Falco peregrinus Not listed Other This species is found mostly along Possible –habitat for this Peregrine Falcon specially mountain ranges, river valleys, species occurs within the protected coastlines, and increasingly in Survey Area cities. In mild-winter regions, it is usually a permanent resident, and some individuals, especially adult males, will remain on the breeding territory Hydromys chrysogaster Not listed Priority 4 This species occurs in a wide Unlikely – the preferred Water-rat variety of freshwater habitats, habitat for this species from subalpine streams and does not occur within the other inland waterways to lakes, Survey Area swamps, and farm dams Hydroprogne caspia Not listed IA This species is found in sheltered Unlikely – the preferred Caspian Tern coastal embayment’s (harbours, habitat for this species lagoons, inlets, bays, estuaries and does not occur within the river deltas) and those with sandy Survey Area or muddy margins are preferred. They also occur on near-coastal or inland terrestrial wetlands that are either fresh or saline, especially lakes (including ephemeral lakes), waterholes, reservoirs, rivers and creeks Limosa lapponica Not listed IA This species inhabits estuarine Unlikely – the preferred Bar-tailed Godwit mudflats, beaches and mangroves habitat for this species does not occur within the Survey Area Neophoca cinerea Vulnerable Marine Unlikely – the preferred Australian Sea-lion habitat for this species does not occur within the Survey Area Pandion cristatus Not listed IA This species requires littoral and Unlikely – the preferred Osprey coastal habitats, terrestrial habitat for this species wetlands and offshore islands. The does not occur within the species requires extensive areas of Survey Area open fresh, brackish or saline water for foraging Parantechinus apicalis Endangered Endangered Dibblers seem to prefer vegetation Possible – habitat within Dibbler with a dense canopy greater the Survey Area is suitable than 1 m high which has been for this species unburnt for at least 10 years or more Phascogale tapoatafa Not listed Conservation Preferred habitat consists of dry Unlikely – the preferred wambenger dependent sclerophyll forests and open habitat for this species South-western Brush-tailed woodlands that contain hollow- does not occur within the Phascogale bearing trees but a sparse ground Survey Area cover

Conservation status Species Description Potential to occur EPBC Act BC Act Pluvialis squatarola Not listed IA This species requires sheltered Unlikely – the preferred Grey Plover embayment’s, estuaries and habitat for this species lagoons with mudflats and does not occur within the sandflats; terrestrial wetlands such Survey Area as near-coastal lakes and swamps, or salt-lakes Puffinus huttoni Endangered Endangered This species requires sheltered Unlikely – the preferred Hutton’s Shearwater embayment’s, estuaries and habitat for this species lagoons with mudflats and does not occur within the sandflats; terrestrial wetlands such Survey Area as near-coastal lakes and swamps, or salt-lakes Setonix brachyurus Vulnerable Vulnerable Preferred habitat includes Possible – habitat within Quokka woodland, forest, coastal heath, the Survey Area is suitable thicket and riparian vegetation for this species Thalassarche Not listed IA This species prefers coastal areas. Unlikely – the preferred chlororhynchos Marine species. Builds nests built habitat for this species Atlantic Yellow-nosed on tussock grass, on rocks and does not occur within the Albatross under trees Survey Area Thalasseus bergii Not listed IA The species inhabits tropical and Unlikely – the preferred Crested Tern subtropical coastlines, foraging in habitat for this species the shallow waters of lagoons, does not occur within the coral reefs, estuaries, bays, Survey Area harbours and inlets, along sandy, rocky, coral or muddy shores, on rocky outcrops in open sea, in mangrove swamps and also far out to sea on open water Thinornis rubricollis Not listed Priority 4 This species is found in sheltered Unlikely – the preferred Hooded Plover sandy beaches and salt lakes habitat for this species does not occur within the Survey Area Tringa brevipes Not listed IA Typical habitat is often found to be Unlikely – the preferred Grey-tailed Tattler sheltered coasts with reefs and habitat for this species rock platforms or with intertidal does not occur within the mudflats Survey Area Tringa nebularia Not listed IA This species occurs in inland Unlikely – the preferred Common Greenshank wetlands and sheltered coastal habitat for this species habitats of varying salinity. It does not occur within the occurs in sheltered coastal Survey Area habitats, typically with large mudflats and saltmarsh, mangroves or seagrass Zephyrarchaea mainae Vulnerable Threatened This species prefers suspended Possible – habitat within Main’s Assassin Spider leaf-litter litter lodged in the the Survey Area is suitable crown of Restionaceae species, L. for this species gladiatum and L. effusum, which grow under long-unburnt stands of weeping peppermint (Agonis flexuosa (Wild.) IA – International agreement JAMBA – Japan – Australia Migratory Bird Agreement CAMBA – China – Australia Migratory Bird Agreement ROKAMBA – Republic of Korea – Australia Migratory Bird Agreement

Appendix C Field Relevé data

Appendix D Vascular plant taxa recorded from quadrats within the Survey Area Table D.1: Species recoded from quadrats Family Genus Species Apiaceae Platysace compressa Araliaceae Hydrocotyle medicaginoides Araliaceae Trachymene pilosa Asteraceae Lagenophora huegelii Asteraceae Olearia axillaris Asteraceae Pithocarpa cordata Asteraceae Rhodanthe citrina Asteraceae Senecio pinnatifolius Brassicaceae Heliophila pusilla Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina humilis Chenopodiaceae Rhagodia baccata Cyperaceae Lepidosperma gladiatum Cyperaceae Lepidosperma effusum Cyperaceae Lepidosperma gladiatum Cyperaceae Lepidosperma squamatum Cyperaceae Schoenus caespititius Dilleniaceae Hibbertia cuneiformis Dilleniaceae Hibbertia cuneiformis Dilleniaceae Hibbertia furfuracea Dilleniaceae Hibbertia grossulariifolia Dilleniaceae Hibbertia racemosa Droseraceae Drosera erythrorhiza Droseraceae Drosera macrantha Ericaceae Leucopogon reflexus Ericaceae Leucopogon obovatus Ericaceae Leucopogon parviflorus Ericaceae Lysinema ciliatum Euphorbiaceae Amperea ericoides Fabaceae Acacia littorea Fabaceae Acacia pulchella Fabaceae Bossiaea linophylla Fabaceae Bossiaea linophylla Fabaceae Jacksonia horrida Fabaceae Kennedia coccinea Fabaceae Templetonia retusa Geraniaceae Pelargonium capitatum Goodeniaceae Scaevola crassifolia Haemodoraceae Anigozanthos flavidus Haemodoraceae Conostylis aculeata Hemerocallidaceae Tricoryne tenella Iridaceae Patersonia occidentalis Myrtaceae Agonis flexuosa Myrtaceae Agonis flexuosa Olacaceae Olax phyllanthi Pittosporaceae Billardiera fusiformis Poaceae Austrostipa pycnostachya Polygalaceae Comesperma virgatum Polygalaceae Muehlenbeckia adpressa Proteaceae Banksia grandis Proteaceae Banksia sessilis Proteaceae Hakea oleifolia Proteaceae Hakea prostrata Ranunculaceae Clematis pubescens Restionaceae Desmocladus flexuosus

Family Genus Species Restionaceae Desmocladus flexuosus Rhamnaceae Spyridium globulosum Rhamnaceae Spyridium globulosum Rubiaceae Opercularia hispidula Santalaceae Exocarpos sparteus Thymelaeaceae Pimelea rosea

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Reviewer Approved for Issue Rev No. Author Name Name Signature Date A A Hortle Tristan Sleigh