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The Geranium Family, Geraniaceae, and the Mallow Family, Malvaceae
THE GERANIUM FAMILY, GERANIACEAE, AND THE MALLOW FAMILY, MALVACEAE TWO SOMETIMES CONFUSED FAMILIES PROMINENT IN SOME MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE AREAS The Geraniaceae is a family of herbaceous plants or small shrubs, sometimes with succulent stems • The family is noted for its often palmately veined and lobed leaves, although some also have pinnately divided leaves • The leaves all have pairs of stipules at their base • The flowers may be regular and symmetrical or somewhat irregular • The floral plan is 5 separate sepals and petals, 5 or 10 stamens, and a superior ovary • The most distinctive feature is the beak of fused styles on top of the ovary Here you see a typical geranium flower This nonnative weedy geranium shows the styles forming a beak The geranium family is also noted for its seed dispersal • The styles either actively eject the seeds from each compartment of the ovary or… • They twist and embed themselves in clothing and fur to hitch a ride • The Geraniaceae is prominent in the Mediterranean Basin and the Cape Province of South Africa • It is also found in California but few species here are drought tolerant • California does have several introduced weedy members Here you see a geranium flinging the seeds from sections of the ovary when the styles curl up Three genera typify the Geraniaceae: Erodium, Geranium, and Pelargonium • Erodiums (common name filaree or clocks) typically have pinnately veined, sometimes dissected leaves; many species are weeds in California • Geraniums (that is, the true geraniums) typically have palmately veined leaves and perfectly symmetrical flowers. Most are herbaceous annuals or perennials • Pelargoniums (the so-called garden geraniums or storksbills) have asymmetrical flowers and range from perennials to succulents to shrubs The weedy filaree, Erodium cicutarium, produces small pink-purple flowers in California’s spring grasslands Here are the beaked unripe fruits of filaree Many of the perennial erodiums from the Mediterranean make well-behaved ground covers for California gardens Here are the flowers of the charming E. -
Rangeland Rehydration Manual
Rangeland Rehydration Manual 2 Manualby Ken Tinley & Hugh Pringle Rangeland Rehydration 1 Field Guide 1 a. b. c. Frontispiece: Geomorphic succession - breakaway land surface replacement sequences (similar at all scales). (a) Laterite breakaway of ‘old plateau’ sandplain surface (Kalli LS) supporting wattle woodlands of wanyu and mulga. (b) Small breakaway of erosion headcut in the duplex soil of a footslope. (c) Micro breakaway of topsoil the same height as the camera lens-cap. In each example the upper oldest land surface is eroding back and contracting. Newest land surface is the lower pediment in (a), and the exposed subsoils in (b) and (c). 2 3 Rangeland Rehydration 2: Manual by Ken Tinley & Hugh Pringle 3 Rangeland Rehydration: Manual First Printed: December 2013 Second Printing (with corrections): March 2014 Initially prepared by Red House Creations www.redhousecreations.com.au and Durack Institute of Technology www.durack.edu.au Final document by Printline Graphics Fremantle WA Project Development Co-ordinator Bill Currans Rangelands NRM www.rangelandswa.com.au Digital or hardcopies of these two handbooks can be ordered from Printline in Fremantle, Western Australia 6160. Phone: (08) 9335 3954 | email: [email protected] | web: www.printline.com.au Ken Tinley - [email protected] Hugh Pringle - [email protected] Disclaimer: The findings and field evidence from across the rangelands, statements, views, and suggestions in this Field Guide are those of the authors, or others referred to, and may not accord with any officially held views or political positions. Photos and illustrations, except where otherwise acknowledged, are by Ken Tinley. Cover photo by Janine Tinley. -
Orchid Historical Biogeography, Diversification, Antarctica and The
Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) (2016) ORIGINAL Orchid historical biogeography, ARTICLE diversification, Antarctica and the paradox of orchid dispersal Thomas J. Givnish1*, Daniel Spalink1, Mercedes Ames1, Stephanie P. Lyon1, Steven J. Hunter1, Alejandro Zuluaga1,2, Alfonso Doucette1, Giovanny Giraldo Caro1, James McDaniel1, Mark A. Clements3, Mary T. K. Arroyo4, Lorena Endara5, Ricardo Kriebel1, Norris H. Williams5 and Kenneth M. Cameron1 1Department of Botany, University of ABSTRACT Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, Aim Orchidaceae is the most species-rich angiosperm family and has one of USA, 2Departamento de Biologıa, the broadest distributions. Until now, the lack of a well-resolved phylogeny has Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, 3Centre for Australian National Biodiversity prevented analyses of orchid historical biogeography. In this study, we use such Research, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, a phylogeny to estimate the geographical spread of orchids, evaluate the impor- 4Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, tance of different regions in their diversification and assess the role of long-dis- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, tance dispersal (LDD) in generating orchid diversity. 5 Santiago, Chile, Department of Biology, Location Global. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Methods Analyses use a phylogeny including species representing all five orchid subfamilies and almost all tribes and subtribes, calibrated against 17 angiosperm fossils. We estimated historical biogeography and assessed the -
Redalyc.ARE OUR ORCHIDS SAFE DOWN UNDER?
Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology ISSN: 1409-3871 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica BACKHOUSE, GARY N. ARE OUR ORCHIDS SAFE DOWN UNDER? A NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THREATENED ORCHIDS IN AUSTRALIA Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology, vol. 7, núm. 1-2, marzo, 2007, pp. 28- 43 Universidad de Costa Rica Cartago, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44339813005 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative LANKESTERIANA 7(1-2): 28-43. 2007. ARE OUR ORCHIDS SAFE DOWN UNDER? A NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THREATENED ORCHIDS IN AUSTRALIA GARY N. BACKHOUSE Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Division, Department of Sustainability and Environment 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002 Australia [email protected] KEY WORDS:threatened orchids Australia conservation status Introduction Many orchid species are included in this list. This paper examines the listing process for threatened Australia has about 1700 species of orchids, com- orchids in Australia, compares regional and national prising about 1300 named species in about 190 gen- lists of threatened orchids, and provides recommen- era, plus at least 400 undescribed species (Jones dations for improving the process of listing regionally 2006, pers. comm.). About 1400 species (82%) are and nationally threatened orchids. geophytes, almost all deciduous, seasonal species, while 300 species (18%) are evergreen epiphytes Methods and/or lithophytes. At least 95% of this orchid flora is endemic to Australia. -
Native Orchid Society of South Australia Journal November 2016
Native Orchid Society of South Australia Inc. Journal Diuris calcicola One of new orchid species named in 2015 Photo: R. Bates November 2016 Volume 40 No. 10 Native Orchid Society of South Australia Journal November 2016 NOSSA WEBSITE https://nossa.org.au/ The Native Orchid Society of South Australia promotes the conservation of orchids through preservation of natural habitat and cultivation. Except with the documented official representation of the management President committee, no person may represent the Society on any matter. All native Vacant orchids are protected in the wild; their collection without written Government Vice President permit is illegal. Robert Lawrence Email: [email protected] Contents Secretary Title Author Page Rosalie Lawrence Bulletin Board 111 Email: [email protected] Vice President’s Report Robert Lawrence 112 Treasurer Thanks to volunteers at APS show Les Nesbitt 112 Christine Robertson October Meeting Review Robin Soergel 113 Email: [email protected] NOSSA Tuber Bank Jane Higgs 113 Editor Lorraine Badger Rockleigh Orchid Survey Peter Watts 114 Assistant Editor - Rob Soergel NOSSA Clare Field Trip Rosalie Lawrence 115 Email: [email protected] NOSSA Scott Creek CP Field Trip Rosalie Lawrence 116 Committee Seed Bank Report Les Nesbitt 117 Michael Clark Letters to the editor - erratum Lorraine Badger 117 Bob Bates Oct Orchid Picture Competition Rosalie Lawrence 118 Kris Kopicki Oct Benched Orchid/Sarcho Results Les Nesbitt 119 Photos David Hirst& others 120 Other Positions Membership Liaison Officer Robert Lawrence Life Members Ph: 8294 8014 Mr R Hargreaves† Mr G Carne Mrs T Bridle Email:[email protected] Mr H Goldsack† Mr R Bates Botanical Advisor Mr R Robjohns† Mr R Shooter Bob Bates Mr J Simmons† Mr W Dear Conservation Officer Mr D Wells† Mrs C Houston Thelma Bridle Ph: 8557 6553. -
Five New Species of Corybas (Diurideae, Orchidaceae) Endemic to New Zealand and Phylogeny of the Nematoceras Clade
Phytotaxa 270 (1): 001–024 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.270.1.1 Five new species of Corybas (Diurideae, Orchidaceae) endemic to New Zealand and phylogeny of the Nematoceras clade CARLOS A. LEHNEBACH1, ANDREAS J. ZELLER1, JONATHAN FRERICKS2 & PETER RITCHIE2 1Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO BOX 467, Wellington. New Zealand; email: [email protected] 2Victoria University of Wellington, PO BOX 600, Wellington, New Zealand Abstract Five new species of Corybas endemic to New Zealand, C. confusus, C. obscurus, C. sanctigeorgianus, C. vitreus, and C. wallii are described. These species are segregated from the Corybas trilobus aggregate based on morphometric and DNA fingerprinting (AFLP) analyses. A key to the new species is also provided, and their distribution and conservation status are included. Phylogenetic results showed that, despite the great morphological and ecological diversity of these orchids, genetic divergence between species is low, suggesting recent diversification. We also found evidence for multiple dispersal events from New Zealand to several offshore and sub-Antarctic islands. Key words: Brood-site deception, dispersal, islands, Mycetophila, speciation, sub-Antarctic, threatened flora Introduction Islands provide exceptional settings to investigate the evolution of biological diversity. Because of their discrete boundaries and isolated nature, the presence of a species can only be explained by dispersal from mainland sources or in situ speciation (Valente et al. 2014). Speciation may occur rapidly on these remote habitats, giving rise to species- rich lineages that may exhibit exceptional morphological and ecological diversification (Losos & Ricklefs 2009). -
NZ Orchid Key: a New Smartphone App for Identifying Native Orchids Murray Dawson1, Jeremy Rolfe, Michael Pratt and Ian St George
NZ Orchid Key: a new smartphone app for identifying native orchids Murray Dawson1, Jeremy Rolfe, Michael Pratt and Ian St George Smartphones have rapidly become the device of choice for New Zealanders and the rest of the world. Their processing power, storage capacity, and portability have come of age, making it possible to run comprehensive productivity apps including identification tools. Uptake of this technology will continue to increase into the foreseeable future. It is timely then that a powerful app for identifying native orchids is now available for smartphones and tablets from the Android Google Play Store and Apple’s iTunes (Fig. 1A–E)2. E Fig. 1 Screenshots of the NZ Orchid Key C app. A, icon, illustrating the mauve sun orchid (Thelymitra malvina). B, start-up screen. C, feature (character) list. D, entity (species) list. E, part of a built-in species profile. This free app, called the NZ Orchid Key, is easy-to-use, has lots of A colourful photographs, and covers a wide array of plant characters3, including leaves, flowers, habitats, and distribution for identifying native orchids. Users choose whichever characters in the app match the orchid specimen they are identifying through a process of elimination. If a user needs help to understand what a particular character state means, they can bring up an explanation page for it. Each species within the app is supported by a descriptive profile, providing all the information needed to verify the identification. Species D profiles include links out to online B resources on native orchids – the 1 Landcare Research, PO Box 69040, Lincoln 7640, Canterbury, New Zealand; [email protected] 2 https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.lucidcentral.mobile.nz_orchid and https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/nz-orchid-key/ id1063192594?mt=8 3 In total, 43 characters and 212 character states were chosen for identifying native orchids in the key. -
Thelymitra Species (Orchidaceae) and Their Hybrids in Western Australia
Volume 15: 165–183 ELOPEA Publication date: 8 November 2013 T dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea2013020 Journal of Plant Systematics plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/Telopea • escholarship.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/TEL • ISSN 0312-9764 (Print) • ISSN 2200-4025 (Online) Floral biology of large-flowered Thelymitra species (Orchidaceae) and their hybrids in Western Australia Retha Edens-Meier1, Eric Westhus2 and Peter Bernhardt2 1Department of Educational Studies, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA 63103 2Dept. of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA 63013 Abstract Historically, only a few large flowered species in the genus Thelymitra were identified as obligate out-breeders. We compared floral presentation, pollen-pistil interactions, pollination ecology, and interspecific hybridization in two populations of T. macrophylla where its flowering periods overlapped with T. antennifera (Tenterden) and T. crinita (Lesmurdie) respectively. Pollen-pistil interactions were studied using glasshouse collections of T. crinita and T. macrophylla at KPBG. The number of flowers per inflorescence in T. macrophylla varied significantly between sites. Climatic conditions influenced flower opening and closing regimes differently in T. crinita vs. T. macrophylla. While all three Thelymitra species opened on warm, sunny mornings and closed by late afternoon, T. crinita at Lesmurdie was significantly more likely to open its perianth segments on cool days compared to the co-blooming, sympatric flowers of T. macrophylla. The floral lifespans of individual flowers of T. macrophylla and T. crinita were reduced significantly following application of Thelymitra pollen onto the stigmatic surface but were not reduced by pollinarium removal. Flowers of both species were self-compatible but neither species self-pollinated mechanically (autogamy). -
Flora and Fauna Survey Report R001 JBS&G
Planning Solutions Ocean Beach Telstra Phone Tower Lot 555 Ocean Beach Road Ocean Beach WA 10 February 2020 Flora and Fauna Survey Report R001 JBS&G Table of Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Scope ................................................................................................................... 1 2. Context .......................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Legislative context ............................................................................................... 3 2.1.1 EPBC Act ............................................................................................... 3 2.1.2 BC Act ................................................................................................... 3 2.1.3 EP Act ................................................................................................... 3 2.1.4 BAM Act ............................................................................................... 4 2.2 Other Legislation relevant to the MBS Site ......................................................... 4 2.2.1 Telecommunications Act ...................................................................... 4 3. Environmental setting .................................................................................................. -
Podocarpus Lawrencei and Closely-Related Podocarpus Species 38 Phylogenomic Analysis of New Zealand Polyploid Azorella (Apiaceae) 42 Is Ajuga Australis R.Br
Newsletter Australasian Systematic Botany Society No. 185, December 2020 4 8 46 ASBS 2021 conference AGM 2020 reports A golden year for Nuytsia goes virtual Get up to date on society Juliet Wege wraps up the The organising committee business with all the year-long party that was of ASBS 2021 announces reports from the 42nd ASBS publishing 50 new species plans to hold next year's Annual General Meeting for the 50th anniversary of conference online the journal Australasian Systematic Botany Society Incorporated ASBS Research Committee Chair: Heidi Meudt, ex officio Australasian Systematic Botany Society Sarah Mathews, Joanne Birch, Katharina Incorporated Council Nargar, Murray Henwood Public Officer Council President Anna Monro Daniel Murphy [email protected] Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria Birdwood Avenue Advisory Standing Committees Melbourne, Vic. 3004 Financial Australia Chair: John Clarkson, ex officio (+613)/(03) 9252 2377 Patrick Brownsey, David Cantrill, Bob Hill [email protected] Ad hoc adviser: Bruce Evans Grants Policy Vice-President Chair: Heidi Meudt, ex officio Heidi Meudt Gillian Brown, Alexander Schmidt-Lebuhn, Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa Jen Tate, Peter Weston, Peter Wilson PO Box 467, Cable St Wellington 6140, New Zealand Webmasters (+644)/(04) 381 7127 Anna Monro [email protected] [email protected] Murray Fagg Secretary [email protected] Hervé Sauquet Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Facebook Group Administrators Mrs Macquaries Rd Todd McLay Sydney NSW 2000, Australia [email protected] (+612)/(02) 9231 8316 Mike Bayly [email protected] [email protected] Treasurer ASBS Newsletter Editorial Team John Clarkson Editor QLD Dept. -
Sept-Oct Newsletter 2019
President Louise Skabo 0467 199 602 www.apstasnorth.org Business Secretary Email: [email protected] Peter Dowde 6331 7761 Post: 45 Osborne Avenue, Minutes Secretary Trevallyn. Tas. 7250 Noel Manning 6344 2277 Sept-Oct Northern Group Newsletter The beginning of spring is not just a busy time in our blossoming gardens but also in the Groups. This has been especially so as the Northern group this year was responsible for designing and bringing together all the elements of a superb stage display in addition to the usual booth at Blooming Tasmania Festival. The stage display was a one off task and for this I am sure the very busy committee was thankful. The display was magnificent: the culmination of meticulous planning and so much creative effort. Plants in pots graced the stage, covering categories from rainforest to coastal. Animals added to the striking backdrop and the plants, such as the Huon pines, man ferns etc. kindly lent for the display by Habitat nursery at Liffey. The booth area was informative with several photos featuring gardens from the 3 group regions. Some highlights were the native orchids massed in a pot, the colourful senses-grabbing posies and the single flower specimens in test tubes vases which drew in passersby. Final words from Louise who so admirably coordinated the whole project and then the packing up (on her birthday!) Over 30 members contributed to this APST Inc. event to promote our Society and native plants. Some members were on the hard working sub-committee; many provided plants or carted, installed and dismantled the stage display; some provided photos for the booth display or for the PP presentation or gave their time to provide flowers and make posies; others manned the booth over the weekend and let's not forget the papier-mâché rock creators! Thanks to all. -
Flora Survey and Vegetation Mapping for TSF3 Footprint - Site B&D and Northern Areas
Golden Grove –Flora survey & vegetation mapping for TSF3 footprint- Site B&D and February 2009 northern areas. Prepared by: Yilgarn Traders 333 David Road, Waggrakine, WA 6530 Golden Grove - Flora survey and Vegetation mapping for TSF3 footprint - Site B&D and northern areas. Prepared for OZ Minerals Ltd, PMB 7, Geraldton 6530 February 2009 1 Yilgarn Traders Golden Grove –Flora survey & vegetation mapping for TSF3 footprint- Site B&D and February 2009 northern areas. Reliance on Data & Environmental Conditions The author has made every effort to interpret data correctly based on prior knowledge of flora and vegetation associations, earlier vegetation reports of the area and individual plant specimen identification. While this report has relied on data gathered throughout April to September and has captured the majority of flora, it may not represent 100% of flora present. Scope or Services The scope of work has been limited to data collection, interpretation, analysis and a report, it has been agreed that OZ Minerals Ltd transfer GIS mapping co-ordinates into their internal system to produce the final maps to accompany the report. The report and mapped associations are prepared and supplied to OZ Minerals in a digital format. Other Limitations The author will not be liable to update or revise the report due to any changing events, facts occurring or becoming apparent after the report date. Dryland Permaculture Nursery & Research Farm T/as Yilgarn Traders 333 David Road Waggrakine, Western Australia Ph: 08 99381628 Email: [email protected] ABBREVIATIONS The following abbreviations have been used throughout this report: var. Variety spp.