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Baseline Survey in Karauzyak District, Karakalpakstan

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Baseline Survey in Karauzyak District, Karakalpakstan Baseline survey in Karauzyak district, Karakalpakstan Final report with description of findings in relation to socio-economic situation in the study area, level of awareness and knowledge concerning alternative agricultural practices; energy sources; water use, attitudes to current land management. Inna Rudenko Botir Dosov 2015 Contents 1. Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 4 2. Background on Karakalpakstan ............................................................................................................. 4 Location and administrative division......................................................................................................... 4 Demographics ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Economic development ............................................................................................................................. 4 Agricultural production ............................................................................................................................. 5 Land use .................................................................................................................................................... 5 3. Methodology ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Sites selection ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Questionnaires .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Selection and training of interviewers ....................................................................................................... 7 Selection and interviewing of households ................................................................................................. 7 Interviewing of key informants ................................................................................................................. 7 Collection of secondary statistical data .................................................................................................... 7 Data cleaning and entry into Excel data base ........................................................................................... 8 4. Characterization of the study sites and communities........................................................................... 8 4.1 Karauzyak district of Karakalpakstan .................................................................................................. 8 Demographic indicators ............................................................................................................................ 8 Economic and agricultural indicators ........................................................................................................ 9 Social development indicators ................................................................................................................ 10 Infrastructure and communal services (gas, tap water, electricity) development .................................. 10 4.2 Karabuga ........................................................................................................................................... 11 4.3 Algabas .............................................................................................................................................. 11 4.4 Main livelihood strategies ................................................................................................................. 12 4.5 The main agricultural production systems ........................................................................................ 13 Private farms ........................................................................................................................................... 14 Dehqons ................................................................................................................................................... 14 5. Baseline study results............................................................................................................................ 15 5.1 General information and the head of the household ....................................................................... 15 5.2 Income structure and sources ........................................................................................................... 18 5.3 Social capital ...................................................................................................................................... 19 5.4 Natural capital ................................................................................................................................... 21 5.5 Physical capital .................................................................................................................................. 22 5.6 Agricultural Production ..................................................................................................................... 24 5.7 Access, quality, amount and management of water resources ........................................................ 26 5.8 Livestock production and management ............................................................................................ 28 5.9 Agricultural markets and food safety ................................................................................................ 32 5.10 Access to food and survival strategies ............................................................................................ 34 5.11 Access to financing and loans ......................................................................................................... 36 5.12 Vulnerability of agricultural production system and local mechanisms of household decision- making ..................................................................................................................................................... 39 6. Conclusions and recommendations ..................................................................................................... 42 References .................................................................................................................................................. 45 Annexes ...................................................................................................................................................... 47 Annex 1. Questionnaire for BLS (translated to English from Russian) .................................................... 47 Annex 2. Letter of support to UNDP office in Nukus .............................................................................. 68 Annex 3. Letter of support to the Khokim of Karauzyak district ............................................................. 69 1. Summary Baseline survey in the selected Karauzyak district of Karakalpakstan was undertaken in the framework of the DS CRP Activity “Improving the productive use of marginal lands in mixed farming and pastoral systems” in the Aral Sea Action Site. In total 100 households residing in 2 Village Citizen Councils “Karabuga” and “Algabas” have been randomly selected and interviewed. The project activity report summarizes field visit activities, including elaboration of questionnaires, selection and training of interviewers, selection and interviewing of households, interviewing of key informants and collection of secondary statistical data on district and province levels. 2. Background on Karakalpakstan Location and administrative division The Republic of Karakalpakstan is located in the Northwestern part of Uzbekistan with an area of ca. 166,600 km2, embracing the vast dry lands in the lowest reaches of the Amudarya Basin and also the Aral Sea. Most of the Karakalpak territory consists of low land (from 50 to 200 m above sea level) with small percentage of hills. The flatness is its most prominent physical feature. Most of the settlements as well as the prevailing activities, including agricultural production, are concentrated in the irrigated river plain on the delta of the Amudarya river. As a separate administrative unit Karakalpakstan was founded on February 16th, 1925. On April 9th, 1993 the autonomous province of Karakalpakstan (within Uzbekistan) was converted to the Republic of Karakalpakstan. Administratively Karakalpakstan consists of 14 districts and includes 38 settlements (of which 12 are towns, 26 are rural settlements) and 139 village citizen councils (VCC). The capital city is Nukus. Demographics The population in Karakalpakstan was estimated at 1,774.1 thousand as of January 1st, 2015, of which 876.7 thousand people (49.4%) reside in urban area, the remaining 50.6% live in rural settlements. Despite Karakalpakstan forms 37.1% of the total territory of Uzbekistan, only ca. 5.9% of the total population of Uzbekistan inhabit Karakalpakstan. Thus, population density is only 10.3 people per km2, which is quite low compared to the national average population density of 67 people per km2. Average population growth is 1.5%. Infant mortality rate in Karakalpakstan is relatively higher than of the national average. The average age of the population in 2015 is 27.2 years, for women average
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