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Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-73073-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Bede Edited by Scott DeGregorio Index More information

INDEX

Aachen, Council of 193 Aldhelm 49–52, 80, 100, 101, 225 Abercorn 58 De uirginitate 50–1 Acca, bishop of Hexham 4, 11, 54, 62, 129, Enigmata 50 145, 146, 176, 178, 203 letters 16, 75 active life 110, 111, 152, 153 Alfred, king of Wessex 10, 217, 218, 219, 220, Adamnan, Abbot 60, 156 221, 224, 225, 236, 237 Adomnán, abbot of Iona 10, 73, 76, 78 Alhfrith, Deiran sub-king 73 On the Holy Places 82, 115, 222 Ambrose 104, 114, 115, 149 Ælfric 168, 216, 217, 220, 221, 224, 225–7, Ammianus Marcellinus 171 237, 238 Angles 27, 28 Aelle, king of Sussex 27 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 3, 29, 32, 216, Ælle, King 234 220, 238 Æthelbald, king of Mercia 27, 28 Aquinas, Thomas, Saint 231 Æthelberht, king of Kent 27, 185 Arator 46, 106, 145 Æthelbert 110, 177 Arbeia, Roman fort at 92 Æthelburh, daughter of King Æthelberht 55, Arculf, Bishop 10 56, 223 Asser 218, 219, 221, 237 Æthelfrith, king of Northumbria 26, 33, 36, Athanasius, Saint 52, 172, 182 69, 70, 177 Life of Saint Antony 52, 172, 173, 182 Æthelstan, King 218 Augustine, archbishop of Canterbury 21, Æthelthryth 62, 221 35–6, 76, 150, 156, 185, 222 Æthelwold, archbishop of Canterbury 225 mission of 36, 48, 80 Æthelwold, bishop of Lindisfarne 54 Augustine, bishop of Hippo 43, 44, 45, 80, Æthelwulf 64 104, 115, 123, 132, 133, 144, 145, On the Abbots 60, 64 152, 166, 231 Agatho, Pope 84, 102 and biblical interpretation 143, 147, Agilbert, bishop of the West Saxons 161 148, 149, 166, 167, 174, 175, Aidan, bishop of Lindisfarne 48, 57, 72, 73, 186, 188 74, 75, 76, 78–9, 81, 103, 137, 236 and miracles 152 and the Britons 77 On Christian Doctrine 144, 166 as preacher 79, 80, 156, 161 On the Consensus of the Evangelists 147 Bede’s presentation of 57, 62, 65, 66, 152 The City of God 45 Albinus, abbot of Canterbury 130, 179, 204, Tractates on John’s Gospel 166 205–6 Augustinus Hibernicus, The Miracles of Holy Alcuin of York 8, 52, 64, 84, 110, 181, 194, Scripture 115 195, 196, 205, 216, 236 The Bishops, Kings and Saints of York 56, Bale, John 236, 237 60, 64 Bamburgh 32, 62, 72, 92 Aldfrith, king of Northumbria 16, 28, 29, 37, Barking 10, 50 70–1, 78, 93–4, 115 Basil, Saint 7, 104, 114, 115

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Bede 140, 142–3, 146, 151, 152, 153, accused of heresy 4, 121, 203 156–7, 158–61, 168, 171, 172, 173, as educator 104–8 174–9, 183, 186, 187, 188, 195, 198, as hagiographer 5, 173, 188 201, 202, 203, 205–6, 207, 208, 209, as reformer 9–10, 137–9, 183 210, 211, 213, 216, 217, 219, 220, as scribe 3, 8, 12–18 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, exegetical methods 4, 41–2, 108, 131–5, 231, 233, 234, 236, 237, 238, 240 136–9, 148–9, 165–7, 173 Excerpts from the Works of Saint feast of 195–6 Augustine on the Letters of the inﬂuence of 201 Blessed Apostle Paul 146, 212 intellectual background 43–6 Figures of Rhetoric, The 5, 46, 105, latinity of 51–2, 101 106, 107–8, 133, 157, 202, 210 life as monk 5–10, 127–8 History of the Abbots 5, 12–19, 40, 59, parents of 5, 25 64, 84, 85, 86–8, 89–91, 93, 101, poetry of 46, 52, 101 102, 103, 104, 115, 143–4, 151, relics of 8, 195, 196–8 171, 176, 179–81, 186–8 reputation 196, 201 Homilies on the Gospels 32, 65, 87, status as Church Father 8, 52, 163, 193 110–11, 112, 162, 168–9, 205, 208, view of English people 184–5 212, 220 view of history 153–4, 171–6, 188 Letter to Albinus 3, 204, 205 works Letter to Bishop Egbert 3, 8, 11, 25, 31, audience of 108, 129–30, 137, 151, 154, 37, 57, 61, 63, 66, 88, 100, 137–9, 163, 182, 183–8, 201–2 154, 159, 160, 168, 183, 232, 234 dating of 130–1, 144–7 Letter to Plegwin 3, 4, 8, 10, 121, early print editions 238–9 122, 203 reception of 211–13, 231–40 Letter to Wicthed 125 translations of 127, 236, 238 Life of Saint Cuthbert 3, 5, 37, 58, 60, transmission of 201, 203–6, 210–11 61, 76, 90, 92, 110, 171, 174, 175–6, Abbreviated Psalter 129 181, 185–6, 187, 188, 203, 208, 238 Art of Poetry, The 5, 46, 50, 105, Life of Saint Felix 5, 170 106–7, 202, 208, 209, 210 Martyrology 5, 171, 208, 210, 220, 238 Commentary of Bede the Priest on the Metrical Life of Saint Cuthbert 29, 76, Canticle of Habakkuk 129–30, 131, 110, 171, 181–2, 203, 209, 225 208, 210 On Eight Questions 3, 129, 134, 205 Commentary on the Acts of the On Ezra and Nehemiah 12, 59, 129, Apostles 12, 144, 145, 148–9, 131, 135, 136, 138–9, 160, 208, 212 150–1, 157–8, 202, 207, 208, 209 On First Samuel 3, 9, 129, 130, 134, Commentary on the Apocalypse 143, 203, 212, 230 144–5, 147, 202, 207, 208, 209 On Genesis 115, 129, 131, 135, 203, 208 Commentary on the Gospel of Luke 4, On Orthography 5, 46, 82, 105–6, 208 11–12, 53, 109, 144, 145, 146–7, On the Day of Judgement 228 149, 153–4, 175, 206, 207, 209, 210 On the Holy Places 3, 10, 238 Commentary on the Gospel of Mark On the Nature of Things 4, 82, 105, 144, 146–7, 152, 207 107, 108, 113, 114, 115, 116–19, Commentary on the Seven Catholic 122, 202, 207, 210 Epistles 145, 151–2, 153, 207, 208, On the Proverbs of Solomon 16, 129, 210, 212 131, 205, 207, 208 Ecclesiastical History 3, 4–5, 6, 8, 9, 10, On the Resting-Places of the Children 11, 17, 25, 29, 38, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54, of Israel 129, 134, 203 57, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 66, 69, 71–2, On the Song of Songs 129, 130, 131, 73–4, 75–6, 77, 78, 80, 81, 82, 87, 133, 134, 135, 159, 208, 230 92, 100, 102, 103, 108, 110, 111, On the Tabernacle 21, 129, 131, 133, 113, 125, 127, 128, 130, 135, 136–7, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 209

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On the Temple 21, 66, 129, 130, 131, Kings 138 135, 136, 137, 138, 205–6, 208, 210 Leviticus 167 On Times 4, 11, 105, 107, 108, 113, 114, Luke 119, 148, 149, 153, 159, 162, 165–6 119–21, 122, 123, 202, 208, 210, 226 Mark 119, 144, 152 On Tobias 129, 131, 134, 208 Matthew 119, 142–3 On What Isaiah Says 129, 203 Nehemiah 161, 162 Passion of Saint Anastasius 5, 170 2 Peter 120 Reckoning of Time, The 4, 21, 71, 75, Psalms 105, 107, 108, 133 82, 86, 105, 108, 113, 114, 115, Romans 149 119, 121–5, 160, 171, 207, 208, Song of Songs 130 209, 210, 217, 226, 227 Tobit 134 Retraction on the Acts of the Apostles 145 Hebrew 107, 108 Thirty Questions on the Book of Kings manuscripts 129, 131, 134, 205, 210 Bankes leaf 12 ‘Bede’s Death Song’ 11, 216, 228 Ceolfrith bibles 12–18, 40 Benedict Biscop 5, 32, 61, 85, 100, 102, 110, Codex Amiatinus 8, 12, 17, 21, 40–2, 43, 143, 179, 196 52, 104, 109 and Ceolfrith 93 Codex Grandior 42, 44, 52, 104 and Eostorwine 179 Durham Cathedral Library MS b.iv.6 and Jarrow 89, 90 (1 Maccabees fragment) 44 and Lindsey king-list 25–6 Greenwell leaves 12 and monastic observance 59, 93, 151, 186 Lindisfarne Gospels 19–21 and Wearmouth 62, 85, 86, 89 Middleton leaves 12 and Wilfrid 86 Stonyhurst Gospel of St John 12 Bede’s presentation of 111, 180 pandects 40 book and art collecting by 18–19, 41, 43, part-Bibles 40, 42 104, 115, 143 Septuagint 41 continental journeys of 19, 76, 94, 101, 102, vernacular 11, 111, 154, 194, 220, 233 179, 181 Vetus Latina (‘Old Latin’) 41, 43, 104, 145 death of 180 Vulgate 41, 104, 106–7, 120, 145 family of 87–9, 187 Wyclifﬁte Bible 235 papal privilege secured by 63, 84 Birinus 156 relation to Bede 95 Boethius, Consolation of Philosophy 219 Roman manner of buildings preferred by 8 Boniface 110, 194, 196, 205, 211 Benedict of Nursia, Saint 7, 59, 163, 182 Boniface, Pope 223 Rule of Saint Benedict 59, 99, 151, 163, Bosa, bishop of York 58, 64 179, 180 Britons 26, 34, 35–6, 55, 69 Benedictine Reform 218, 219, 224–8 Bede’s presentation of 71–7, 178 Berhtwald, archbishop of Canterbury 178 contribution to Northumbrian culture 77–8 Bible 43, 44 kingdoms of books of Dumnonia 69 Acts 137, 144, 148, 149, 150, Elmet 62, 70 151, 157 Gwynedd 69 Apocalypse 143, 145, 147, 151 Powys 69 1 Corinthians 133 Rheged 70 Daniel 123 Strathclyde 69, 77 Exodus 138 Byrhtferth of Ramsey 216, 217, 219, Ezra 131, 138 220, 227 Galatians 107, 108, 132 Genesis 118 Cadwallon, king of Britons 69–70, 74, 76, 177 Job 107, 108, 115 Cædmon, monk of Whitby 11, 110, John 111, 119–20, 164 142–3, 229 Jonah 148 ‘Cædmon’s Hymn’ 11

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Cædwalla, king of Wessex 33, 36 Cuthbert, abbot of Wearmouth-Jarrow 3, 10, Canterbury 8, 10, 78, 103, 150, 177, 184, 104, 111–12, 154, 194, 195, 196, 185, 204, 205, 221, 231 198, 202, 216 School of Theodore and Hadrian at 49–50, Cuthbert’s Letter on the Death of Bede 64, 100, 106, 134 65, 109, 111–12, 154, 155, 194, Cassian, John 7, 104, 133 195, 216, 228, 233 Cassiodorus 12, 18, 42, 44, 47, 104 Letter to Lull of Mainz 204 Exposition of the Psalms 47 Cuthbert, Saint, bishop of Lindisfarne 52, 57, Institutes of Divine and Secular Learning 58, 59, 61, 63, 65, 66, 74, 76, 80, 42, 47 94, 137, 152, 153–4, 175, 181–3, Ceawlin, king of Wessex 27 221, 231 Cedd 156 as preacher 156, 159, 160 Cenwealh, king of Wessex 29, 85 Bede’s presentation of 66, 173, 178, Ceolfrith, abbot of Wearmouth-Jarrow 5, 6, 183, 188 8, 9, 41, 59, 66, 73, 76, 80, 85, coffin 8 86, 94, 95, 100, 102, 103, 115, relics of 197 180, 187 shrine 8, 197 and Jarrow 84, 85, 89, 90, 100, Cuthwin 194 101, 179 and Ripon 76, 86, 187 Dál Riada, Irish kingdom of 69, 70–1, 177 and Wearmouth 94 Damasus, Pope 41 anonymous Life of Ceolfrith 3, 8, 35, 84, Danelaw 218 85, 86–8, 89–90, 91, 93, 176 Dante 231 as Bede’s teacher 102 Dionysius Exiguus 119, 121, 122, 123, 124 book collecting by 19, 41, 43, 104, 115 Domesday Book 31 father of 26 Donemutha,monastery(Ecgferthes mynster) last journey and death of 9, 12, 29, 85, 86, 63, 92 104, 130, 179, 180, 187 Dunstan, archbishop of Canterbury 225 letter to Nechtan 156 Durham 8, 197, 198, 221 pandects of 12, 17, 40, 42, 104 cathedral at 197, 239 relation to Benedict Biscop 88, 93, 187 Dykes Ceolwulf, king of Northumbria 10, 25, 29, Devil’s Dyke 30 32, 54, 92, 174, 176, 177, 178, Fleam Dyke 30 203–6 Offa’s Dyke 30 Ceonred 29 Chad, bishop of Lichfield 57, 73, 75, 77, 79, Eadbald, king of Kent 33 81, 103 Eadberht, bishop of Lindisfarne 186 Charlemagne 46, 110, 163, 205, 206, 216, 224 Eadbert, king of Northumbria 63 Chaucer, Geoffrey 229, 234–5 Eadfrith, bishop of Lindisfarne 21, 181, Cicero 45, 106, 107 182, 203 Clofesho, Council of 61, 64 Eanfled 33, 223 Cnut, King 218 Eanmund 29 Coldingham 61, 62, 63 East Anglia 10, 26, 217 Colmán 57, 73, 78 Easter, dating of 4, 73, 74, 75–6, 113, 119, Columba, Saint 57, 70, 72, 156 122, 146, 156–7, 177, 178, 222, 227 Columbanus, Saint 4, 7, 80 Eata, bishop of Hexham 58, 73, 74, 76, 79 Constantine 9, 171–4 Ecclesiastical History of the English People, contemplative life 110, 111, 153 Old English translation of 88, 213, Continuatio Bedae 205 219, 220–4, 234, 235, 238, 239 conviviality 37 Ecgfrith, king of Northumbria 26, 28, 34, 36, Corbie 208 62, 77, 90, 93–4, 217 Cornwall 69 death of 94, 178 Cotton, Robert 238 Portus Ecgfridi (Port of Ecgfrith) 34, 91–3

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Edgar, King 218, 225 On the Ruin of Britain 49, 78, 173–4 Edington, battle of 218 Gilling 59, 64 Edmund, King 218 Glastonbury 8, 197, 233 education Glossa ordinaria (‘Ordinary Gloss’) 212, 231 Christian 47 grammar 45, 46, 105, 216, 220, 227 monastic 5, 41, 99 Gregory II, Pope 180 Roman 42, 45–6, 47, 99 Gregory of Tours 48, 101, 104, 172–3 Edward ‘the Elder’, King 218 History of the Franks 48, 172 Edwin, king of Northumbria 26, 27, 30, 33, Gregory the Great, Pope 12, 18, 34, 45, 34, 48, 69, 70, 71, 72, 79, 156, 177 85, 86, 103, 104, 133, 144, 145, conversion of 48, 55, 70, 71, 74, 77, 78, 152, 153, 177, 178, 182, 184, 185, 142, 223 186, 231 death of 56, 177 and biblical exegesis 131, 149, 153, 166, 167 Egbert, bishop and archbishop of York 9, 25, and miracles 152, 153 110, 139, 178, 205, 216 and the mission to England 47, 72, 74, 156, Egbert, Bishop, Dialogues 63 177, 222 Egbert, English bishop in Ireland 73, 74, 81 Dialogues 182, 219 Eosterwine, abbot of Wearmouth 26, 59, 88, Forty Gospel Homilies 162 101, 102, 179, 180, 196 Morals on Job 47, 81, 167 Essex 26, 50 Pastoral Care 219, 237 Eusebius of Caesarea 4, 9, 104, 120, 145, Whitby Life of Gregory 47, 52, 56, 71, 77 171–6, 184 Grimbald 218 Ecclesiastical History 3, 171–2 Guthlac 36, 52 Evagrius of Antioch 172 Felix, Life of Saint Guthlac 36, 52 exegesis, biblical 4, 41–2 Guthrum 218 Alexandrian 42, 132, 133 Antiochene 41, 132, 134 Hadrian, abbot of St Augustine’s abbey, fourfold sense 108, 133 Canterbury 8, 49–50, 100, Exeter 209, 222 101, 134 Ezra 12, 17–18, 139, 161, 162 hagiography 5, 50, 52, 170 Ezra miniature (in the Codex Amiatinus) and the cult of saints 193 17–18, 52 versus history 170 Hartlepool 63, 79 Fathers of the Church 4, 42, 43, 132, 147, Henry of Huntingdon 232 166, 202 Herefrith, abbot of Lindisfarne 182, 186 early commentaries by 44 heresy 41, 76, 116, 146, 172 exegetical methods 148, 150 Hertford, Council of 57 Greek Fathers 43 Hexham 10, 58, 60, 63, 204–5 Latin Fathers 43 Hilary of Arles, Life of Honoratus 181 theology of 44–5 Hild, abbess of Whitby 11, 47, 63, 64, 76, 79, Felix, bishop of the East Angles 159 87, 110, 142, 150, 152, 159 Finan 57, 159 historiography First Worcester Fragment 234 biblical 173 Fleury 208 Christian 170, 171–4 Foxe, John 236, 237 classical 171, 172 Fulda 8 versus hagiography 170 Fursa 156 Honorius, Pope 75, 156, 223 Horace 45, 46 Gaul 19, 33, 36, 43, 48, 57, 80, 86, 99, 103, Hrabanus Maurus 196, 220 161, 179, 181, 218 Hugh of Le Puiset, Bishop 197 Geoffrey of Monmouth 232–3, 234, 236 Hwætberht, abbot of Wearmouth-Jarrow 9, Germany 196 84, 85, 87, 103, 144, 180, 202 Gildas 49, 78, 104, 173–4, 232 Hwicce 26

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Imma 33, 34 Latin 10, 11, 219–20 Ine, king of Wessex, laws of 27, 30, 35 Layamon 233–4 Iona 36, 48, 55, 57, 70–1, 72, 74, 78, 94, 114, Historia Brutonum 233–4 177, 178, 185 Lérins 101 Ireland 34, 36–7, 103, 116, 201, 222 Libellus responsionum 213 Irish 26, 178 Lindisfarne 10, 29, 37, 48, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, Bede’s presentation of 72–7, 103 62, 63, 66, 72, 73, 76, 79, 156, 177, contribution to Northumbrian culture 78–82 181, 182, 186, 218 involvement in Northumbrian Church 71 anonymous Life of Saint Cuthbert 52, scripts associated with 78, 208 181, 185 Isidore of Seville 4, 47–8, 81, 103, 115, 118, Lindsey 26, 58 119, 120, 145 literature Etymologies 47, 103, 114, 120 Christian attitude towards 45, 107, 108 On the Nature of Things 104, 116–17, 119, classical 42, 43 120, 154 Hiberno-Latin 49 Isidore, Pseudo Book of the Order of Liudger 205 Creatures 81, 82, 115, 118 Lombards 12 Italy 38, 43, 44, 179 London 10, 177, 185 Lorsch 208 James the Deacon 56, 74 Lothere 223 Jarrow 6, 66, 100, 101, 108, 180, 195, 196, 218 Lucretius 116–17 and Ecgfrith 90, 91–3, 95, 179 Lull, archbishop of Mainz 110, 194, 196, church at (St Paul’s) 8, 84, 109, 143, 197, 231 204, 205 dedication stone 92 papal privilege for 85 Macrobius 116 connections to Northumbrian rulers 54, 92 manuscripts foundation of 5, 62, 88, 89–91, 179, 187 Cambridge University Library, Kk. 5.16 harbour at (Jarrow Slake; see also Ecgfrith, (Moore Bede) 15, 205, 206, 209 Portus Ecgfridi) 91, 92, 93 London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius Jerome 41, 45, 104, 107, 108, 120, 131, 145, a.xiv 15 148, 153, 167, 175 London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius Against Jovinian 166, 167 c.ii 16, 205 On Hebrew Names 164 Münster in Westfalen, Universitäts- John of Beverley 57, 236 und Landesbibliothek, John of Tynemouth 195 Fragmentensammlung Kaps. 1,3 205 John the archcantor 8, 102, 179 Oxford, Bodleian, Bodl. 819 16 John the Old Saxon 218 Oxford, Bodleian, Bodl. 309 115 Jonson, Ben 238 Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, lat. 2825 225 Josephus 104, 145 St Petersburg, National Library of Russia, Cod. Jutes 28 q.v.i.18 (St Petersburg Bede) 15, 209 Juvencus 46 Melrose 59, 181 Mercia 26, 30, 34, 52, 58, 185, 217, 218, 221 Kent 26, 27, 56, 72, 177, 185 miracles 5, 152 laws of 32 missionaries and missionary activity kingship, Anglo-Saxon 27, 31, 32 Anglo-Saxon 206 bretwealda 27–8 Irish mission to Northumbria 55, 56–7, 71, succession 28–9 72, 74, 76, 177 Roman mission to Northumbria 55–7, 71, Laidcenn of Clonfertmulloe 81 72, 74, 99, 177, 185 land tenure 31–2 monasticism bookland 31–2, 38 education 5–6, 47 Lanfranc, Archbishop 231 reform 10, 31 Lastingham 10, 103 rules 7, 187

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Nechtan, king of the Picts 73, 102 Pelagius 44 Nicaea, Council of 124 Penda 32, 69, 177 Ninian, Saint 77 Peter Lombard 231 North Africa 43 Philippus Presbyter 115 Northumbria 26, 34, 56, 73, 74, 184, 185, Philo of Alexandria 132 186, 208, 209, 217, 233 Picts 26, 58, 69, 70, 73, 75, 156, 178 Bernicia 26, 54, 55, 56, 58, 69, 70, 71, 74, Plegmund 218, 221 79, 184 Pliny 4, 46, 115, 116, 118, 145, 164 Deira 26, 55, 58, 69, 70, 74, 79 Natural History 46, 104, 114, 115, 230 Nothhelm, archbishop of Canterbury 10, 129, Plummer, Charles 109, 188, 239 179, 205 Primasius 145 Notker of St Gall 211–12 Prosper of Aquitaine 46, 104 Nova Legenda Angliae 195 Prudentius 46, 106, 107 life of Bede in 195 translation from Latin into 11 Quintilian 123 Nowell, Laurence 238 Rædwald, king of East Anglia 27, 33 Offa, king of Mercia 12 Rath Melsigi, monastery of 81, 82 Oftfor 159 Regularis Concordia 225 Old English 70, 216, 236, 237–8 Reichenau 208 Northumbrian dialect 10 Ripon 59, 60, 62, 63, 76, 86, 88, 90, poems 102, 187 Beowulf 34, 37, 238 Rome 9, 12, 17, 18, 19, 21, 40–1, 93, 94, 101, Christ II 216 102, 103, 104, 115, 177, 179, 180, Genesis A 216 186, 187, 195 Judgement Day II 216, 228 Ruﬁnus of Aquileia 172 poetry 11, 197 translation into 219, 220 St Emmeram 208 Opus geminatum (‘paired work’) 181 St Gall, Benedictine Abbey of 207–8 Orderic Vitalis 232 saints, cult of Origen of Alexandria 43, 133 and hagiography 193 Orosius 104, 238 and relics 193–4 History against the Pagans 219 and translation 193 Osred, king of Northumbria 28–9, 181 liturgical commemoration 193 Osric 29 Saxons 28, 36 Oswald, archbishop of Canterbury 225 Sedulius, Caelius 46, 106, 107, 181 Oswald, Saint, king of Northumbria 26, 27, Sergius, Pope 85, 195 32, 33, 37, 48, 56, 57, 69, 70, 72, Shakespeare 229 73, 74, 77, 79, 161, 198, 212–13, Sigfrith, abbot of Wearmouth 93, 102, 103, 180 221, 225 Solinus 115 Oswine, king of Deira 33, 64, 92 Polyhistor 229 Oswiu, king of Northumbria 26, 27, 64, 73, Spain 43, 99, 103 75, 78, 79 Stapleton, Thomas 236–7, 238 Stephen of Ripon 36, 52, 75, 178, 186 Pachomius, Saint 7 Life of Bishop Wilfrid 52, 60, 62, 65, 71, 75, Parker, Matthew, Archbishop 237 76, 178 pastoral care 151–2, 157–62 Sulpicius Severus Patrick, Saint 49, 72 Life of Saint Martin of Tours 52 Paul, Saint 107, 108, 132, 133, 144 Sussex 26, 35 Paul the Deacon, 163–4, 168, 212, 224 Symeon of Durham 195, 197 Paulinus, Bishop 18–19, 48, 55, 56, 72, 73, 74, 77, 78, 79, 156, 177 Talbot, Robert 237 Paulinus of Nola 46, 106, 107–8 Theoderic, King 42

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Theodore, archbishop of Canterbury 8, education at 100–6 49–50, 65, 75, 77, 100, 101, 134, library 3, 6, 8, 19, 40, 43–6, 47, 52, 61, 104, 159, 179, 184, 185, 220 114, 128, 133, 173, 209, 218 Judgments 75 manuscripts associated with 5, 12–18, reforming activities of 55, 57–8, 73, 75, 19, 40 100, 177–8, 185 material culture in 18–22 tonsure 74, 177 rule of 59–60 ‘Tribal Hidage’ 30–1 scriptoria of 12, 15, 40, 204–5 Trivet, Nicholas 234 uniqueness of 59–60 Trumberht 81 Wessex 10, 26, 27, 34, 35, 85, 217 Trumwine, Bishop 58, 103 laws of 32 Tuda 57, 73 Westow, Alfred 8, 197 Tyconius 133, 145 Wheelock, Abraham 238 Tyne, River 54, 91, 92, 93, 94 Whitby 47, 59, 61, 63, 64, 76 Tynemouth 59, 61, 144 monastery at 59, 71, 79, 108, 142, 150 synod of 56, 57, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, Varro 123 80, 113, 172, 177, 178, 186 Vegetius, On the Art of War 115 Whithorn 58 Venantius Fortunatus 46, 48, 106 Wihtred, king of Kent Vergil 45, 46, 104, 106 laws of 30 Aeneid 45, 46 Wilberht 111 Bucolics 46 Wilfrid, Saint and Bishop 29, 38, 54, 56, 57–8, Georgics 46 62, 63, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 86, 102, Victorinus 123, 145 121, 156, 186, 187, 203, 231 Victorius of Aquitaine 119, 123 Bede’s view of 187 Vindicianus 115 view of Irish 71, 75, 77 Letter to Pentadius 115 William of Malmesbury 93, 195, 217, 230, Vikings 10, 197, 198, 218 231–2 History of the Kings of England 195 Wærferth 218, 221 William of Newburgh 233 Wales 32, 69, 218 William of Saint Calais, Bishop 195 Wearmouth 100, 101, 108, 127, 179, 180, eleventh-century life of Bede 195 195, 196, 197 Willibrord 156 church at (St Peter’s) 84, 85, 180 Winchester 218, 225 foundation of 5, 62, 85–9, 179 Witmer 103 papal privilege for 84, 179 Worcester 12, 233 Wearmouth-Jarrow 3, 5, 6, 19, 21, 38, 54, 62, Wordsworth, William 239 84–95, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 109, Wycliffe, John 11, 235 151, 179, 186–8, 201, 206, 230 and Bede’s cult 194, 196, 197, 198 York 8, 10, 55, 56, 72, 177, 185, 195, 196, and Ecgfrith 26, 34, 85, 86, 89, 179, 186 205, 231 and Lindisfarne 76 church at 56, 57, 58, 59, 62, 73, 75 and Rome 76 school of York 110

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