ANNALES HISTORICO-NATURALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI Tomus 74. Budapest, 1982 p. 85-91.

Some notes on South Siberian Trechini (Coleoptera, Carabidae) with descriptions of three new species

by V. G. SHILENKOV, Irkutsk

Abstract — Three new species of Trechus from southern Siberia and northern Mongolia are described. Some new data on the taxonomy and distribution of other southern Siberian Trechini, as well as identification key to the species are given. With 17 figures.

The ground-beetle fauna of Southern Siberia (from Altai to Transbaikal region) is not known adequately, whereas this interesting territory with expansive mountain systems appears to be a centre of endemism for some groups of insects. As for Trechini, only two species of Epaphius, six species of Trechus (three species described below) and one species of Altaiotrechus are now known from this re­ gion. Perhaps the Trechini fauna was severely affected during Pleistocene ice period. But undoubtedly, subsequent investigations of alpine and subalpine zones of Altai and Sajan Mountains will bring new species into science. In the present paper author will introduce into science three new species of Trechus from South Siberia and Northern Mongolia. Some new data on the taxonomy and distribution of other South Siberian Trechini will also be given. Before going further I wish to express my heartfull thanks to DR. Z. KASZAB for his indispensible support of this study, to DR. B. A. KOROTYAEV (Leningrad) and DR. V. G. MORDKOVITSCH (Novosi­ birsk) for kindly loaning specimens, and DR. S. I. KELEJNIKOVA (Moskow), who has provided facilites for studying type specimens of V. MOTSCHULSKY'S collection. The following abbreviations will be used below : ZIL — Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Leningrad. ZMM — Zoological Museum of Moscow State University. HNHM — Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. ISU — collection of V. G. SHILENKOV, Irkutsk State University. MN - collection of V. G. MORDKOVITSCH, Institut of Soil and Agrochemistry, Novosibirsk.

IDENTIFICATION KEY TO THE SPECIES

1 (4) Stria 3 with three discal setiferous pores. 2 (3) Pronotum (fig. 1) strongly rounded at sides, with very obtuse hind angles, basal part prominent behind them level Epaphius (Epaphius) secalis (PAYK.) 3 (2) Pronotum (fig. 2) with rectangular or slightly acute hind angles, its basal part normal Epaphius (Epaphiolus) rivularis (GYLL.) 4 (1) Stria 3 with two dorsal setiferous pores. 5 (6) Larger (5.0-6.5 mm). Pronotum (fig. 3) with rectangular or slightly acute hind angles, basal margin stright, lateral sides rather widely reflexed, especially at basal half. Striae deep, strongly punctate Trechus rubens (F.) 6 (5) Smaller (2,9-3,6 mm). Hind angles of pronotum obtuse or rounded, if slightly acute, basal margin sinuated. Striae shallow, smooth or indistinct punctate. 7 (12) Eyes small, flat, scarcely longer or equal temporae. Aedeagus at apex with hook, curved dorsally. Fore tibiae without groove on external face. Mountaineous tundra of Altai, Sajan and Changai Mts.

Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung., 74,1982 8 (9) Fore tibiae pubescent on external face. Recurrent striae free. Hind angles of pro­ notum obtuse, but extreme tip feebly prominent as small tooth. Altai Altaiotrechus alticola IABL. — KHNZ. 9 (8) Fore tibiae glabrous on external face. Recurrent stria joining stria 5. Hind angles of pronotum obtuse with rounded apex. 10 (11) Apical hook of aedeagus long and strongly curved dorsally (fig. 11). East Sajan Mts. Trechus almonius REITT. 11 (10) Apical hook of aedeagus short and feebly curved dorsally (fig. 12). Mongolia, Changai Mts (fig. 4) Trechus hangaicus sp. n. 12 (7) Eyes larger, more protrudent, longer than temporae. Aedeagus without apical hook. Fore tibiae with groove, or at least with its trace near apex on external face. 13 (14) Aedeagus (fig. 13) massive, thickened at apex, inner sac with two spines and groups of small teeth. Pronotum narrow, with obtuse hind angles. Uniformly pale-brown. Tannu-Ola Mts. (fig. 6) Trechus korotyaevi sp. n. 14 (13) Aedeagus (figs 8-10) smaller, with well developed copulatory piece and tufts of long teeth. Body colour darker. 15 (16) Pitchy-brown. Pronotum narrower, 1.32-1.37 times as wide as long, hind angles prominent as short acute teeth. Aedeagus (fig. 10) with slightly thickened tip, copu­ latory piece as long bar. West Sajan Mts. (fig. 7) Trechus mordkovitschi sp. n. 16 (15) Dark-brown. Pronotum wider, 1.40-1.47 times as wide as long, hind angles obtuse, no prominent. Aedeagus (figs. 8-9) with simple tip, inner sac armed two discoid plates and long bar, bifurcate at apex (fig. 5) Trechus montanus MÖTSCH.

Epaphius (Epaphius) secalis (PAYKULL, 1790)

Carabus Secalis PAYKULL, 1790: Monogr. Carab. Suec. : 94 (type locality: Sweden). Trechus laticollis MOTSCHULSKY, 1844: 235 (type locality: village Turka on the shore of Baikal). For other synonyms and bibliography, see JEANNEL, 1927: 132, 1941: 317; CSIKI, 1928: 245; LINDROTH, 1945: 666; BURAKOWSKI & al., 1973: 179; PAWLOWSKI, 1975: 30. Distribution. A widely distributed Euro-Siberian species restricted in the East by Lena river and Transbaikal region. Ecology. Inhabits several types of birch forests, sometimes in lowland forests and gardens, rare in open country with grass cover, near water. Material. Novosibirsk distr. : environs of Barabinsk, village Karachi (MN, ISU). Irkutsk distr.: Irkutsk (ISU, ZIL); Bolshaja Glubokaja (Shelekhov env.) (ISU); Troitzk (Zalari env.) (ISU); Vydrino (ISU), Kultuk (ZIL) (Sljudjanka env.); Elantzy (ISU), Kosaja Stepp (ZIL) (Olkhon env.); Belaja river (ZIL). Burjatskaja ASSR: Iljinka (ISU). Taxomical remark. Lectotype, rf of Trechus laticollis MÖTSCH. (ZMM), designated here, bears two labels: "L. Baikal" and "Trechus laticollis mihi, Turkinsk". This specimen is, however, in fact, an Epaphius secalis (PAYK.) with slightly monstrous pronotum. Synonymy was ascertained for the first time by JEANNEL (1927: 132).

Epaphius (Epaphiolus) rivularis (GYLLENHAL, 1810)

Bembidium rivulare GYLLENHAL, 1810, Ins. Suec, II: 33 (type locality : Sweden: Kinnekulle). Trechus nigricomis MOTSCHULSKY, 1844: 235, tab. X, fig. 5-5', syn. n. (type locality: Kiachta). For other synonyms, distribution and ecology, see JEANNEL, 1927: 138; CSIKI, 1928: 244; LINDROTH, 1945: 661; BURAKOWSKI & all, 1973: 197; PAWLOWSKI, 1975: 27. Distribution. Until recently it had been known only from Europe, where it is widely distributed in the North and very sporadically in the mountains of Central Europe. In fact it possesses a Euro-Siberian area of distribution. It was found in South Baikal region (SHILENKOV, 1979: 41), and now I have specimens from other parts of Siberia. Ecology. This species prefers marshes with Sphagnum and lowland forests with soft soil rich in organic matters (LINDROTH, 1945, PAWLOWSKI, 1975). Immature beetles 16. VI. (Iljinka). Material. Novosibirsk distr. : environs ot Barabinsk, village Karachi, 1-13. VIII. 1973, leg. V. G. MORDKOVITSCH, 7 ex (MN, ISU). Irkutsk distr. : Bolshaja Murozhnaja river, tributary of Anga­ ra river, birch forest, 23-26. VII. 1978, leg. V. K. DMITRIJENKO, 2 ex. (ISU); the same locality, birch and silver fir forest, 18. VIII. 1978, leg. V. K. DMITRIJENKO, 1 ex. (ISU), Burjatskaja ASSR: Iljinka settlement, 16. VI-28. VII. 1975, leg. V. G. SHILENKOV and A. VOINKOV, 3 ex. (ISU).

Taxonomical remarks. Lectotype, Ç of Trechus nigricornis MÖTSCH. (ZMM), designated here, bears two labels: "Kiachta" and "Trechus nigricornis mihi, 10 v. v. Kiach.". Length 3.5 mm. This is an immature specimen of Epaphius rivularis (GYLL.). JEANNEL (1928: 792) presumed, that T. nigricornis MÖTSCH, is related to or synonymous with T. montanus MÖTSCH., but short description by MOTSCHULSKY was not sufficient for exact conclusion.

Trechus (Trechus) rubens (FABRICIUS, 1792) Carabus rubens FABRICIUS, 1792, Entomol. syst, emend, et aucta, I, 1 (type locality: Germany: Kiel). For synonymy, distribution and ecology, see JEANNEL, 1927: 180, 1941: 319; CSIKI, 1928: 247; LINDROTH, 1945: 664, 1961: 194; PAWLOWSKI, 1975: 50; SHILENKOV, 1979: 41. Distribution. Borei-montaneous in Europe, in Siberia to the East as far as Lena river and Baikal. Introduced in Canada. Material. Irkutsk distr.: "Irkutsk province", 31. V. 1907, leg. DR. SMIRNOV, 2 ex. (ZIL); Baikalsk, in open forest under stones near small stream, 16. VII. 1980, leg. A. D. SHILENKOVA, 2 ex. <1SU).

Figs 1-3. Pronotum. 1 : Epaphius secalis (PAYK.) ; 2 : Epaphius rivularis (GYLL.) ; 3 : Trechus rubens (F.). — Figs 4-7. Habitus 4: Trechus hangaicus sp. n.; 5: Trechus montanus MÖTSCH.; 6: Trechus koro- tyaevisp. n.; 7: Trechus mordkovitschisp. n. /

Trechus (Trechus) montanus MOTSCHULSKY, 1844.

Trechus montanus MOTSCHULSKY, 1844: 236, tab. X, fig.6-6 ' (type locality : mountains to the South of Baikal). Trechus montanus, J. SAHLBERG, 1880: 21. Trechus curvatus J. SAHLBERG, 1880: 20 (type locality: vicinities of Krasnojarsk and Fatjanovsk). Trechus perminutus REITTER, 1898: 112 (type locality: source of Irkut). Trechus perminutus, REITTER, 1903: 5. Trechus (s. str.) montanus, JEANNEL, 1927: 301, fig.806-809 . Trechus (s. str.) montanus, CSIKI, 1928: 258. Trechus montanus, JEANNEL, 1962: 87, 89, fig.2-4 . Trechus montanus, SHILENKOV, 1979: 40. Distribution. After Jeannel (1927: 302, fig.806 , map), widely distributed in Siberia from Ob river to Transbaikal region and Northern Mongolia (Changai Mts.). Perhaps it is farther distributed to the East, in any case I have seen specimens from Jakutija. Material. Krasnojarsk distr. (ISU). Irkutsk distr.: Kultuk (ZIL); Bratsk (ISU); Vydrino (ISU),: Baikalsk (ISU). Burjatskaja ASSR: Iljinka (ISU). "Sibirien, Reitter, Leder" (HNHM); "Transbajkalien, LEDER, REITTER" (HNHM).

Taxonomical remarks. Lectotype, rf and 3 Paralectotypes of Trechus mon­ tanus MÖTSCH. (ZMM), designated here, bear labels "Hamar-Daban". Lectotype, rf and Paralectotypes 3rf 1 9 of Trechus perminutus REITTER (HNHM), designated herewith labels "Transbaikalien, Leder, Reitter". Synonymy of T. curvatus J. SAHLB. and T. perminutus REITT. was ascertained for the first time by JEANNEL (1927: 301). V. MOTSCHULSKY (1844: 236) recorded Trechus obtusus ERICHS, from the environs of Irkutsk. Specimens from "Siber. or." in his collection identified as such are in fact T. mon­ tanus MÖTSCH.

Figs 8-13. Male genital organs. 8: Trechus montanus MÖTSCH., Krasnojarsk distr.; 9: Trechus per­ minutus Reitt., Lectotype; 10: Trechus mordkovitschi sp. n., Holotype; 11 : Trechus almonius RELTT., Mt. Hulugaisha; 12: Trechus hangaicus sp. n., Holotype; 13: Trechus korotyaevi sp. n., Holotype Trechus (Trechus) a 1 monius REITTER, 1903

Trechus almonius REITTER, 1903: 2 (type locality: source of Irkut). Trechus (s. str.) almonius, JEANNEL, 1927: 479, 482, fig. 1123. Trechus (s. str.) almonius, CSIKI, 1928: 274. Trechus (s. str.) almonius, JEANNEL, 1962: 91, 92, fig. 7. Trechus almonius, SHILENKOV, 1979: 40. Distribution. So far known only from East Sajan (mountain range Tunkinskije Goltzy). Material. Burjatskaja ASSR: source of Irkut, mountain range Tunkinskije Goltzy, Mt. Hulugaisha, 2700 m, mountaineous tundra, under large stones, 23-30. VI. 1974. leg. V. G. SHILENKOV, 8 ex. (ISU, ZIL).

Taxonomical remarks. In his original description Reitter mentioned two type localities: "Quellgebiet des Irkut, nördl. Mongolei". The specimen from the first locality was revised by JEANNEL (1927: 482) and as he has written, it is deposited in the Zoological Department of the Natural History Museum, Vienne. This specimen must be considered as type of T. almonius REITT. (sensu JEANNEL, 1927). The specimen from the second locality is now preserved in HNHM. It essentialy differ from typical East-Sajanian specimens and described below as new species.

Trechus (Trechus) hangaicus sp. n.

Uniformly piceous, appendages pale testaceous. Head slightly thickened, with deep frontal furrows, which are subangulate at level of front and hind margins of eyes; eyes small and flat, not prominent, scarcely longer than weakly protrudent temporae. Pronotum somewhat cordiform, feebly convex, 1.26 times as wide as head, 1.33 times as wide as long, widest at about fore quarter; ratio of greatest width to width of apex 1.26, that to width of base 1.41 ; lateral sides very narrow reflexed, strongly rounded near apex, more moderately in hind half, scarcely sinuate before obtuse, rounded at apex hind angles; front margin straight, 1.12 times as wide as basal margin, front angles rounded, absolutely not prominent; median line distinct; basal fovea shallow, flat and smooth, basal area longitudinally rugouse. Elytra oval, feebly convex, 1.63 times as wide as pronotum, 1.41 times as long as wide, widest behind middle; shoulders strongly rounded; 5 visible shallow and indistinct punc­ tate striae, 2-5. disappeared near shoulders; scutellar striole very short; recurrent stria deep, joining stria 5; intervals flat, apical carina strongly prominent. Microsculpture on disc of head indistinct, near eyes weak and slightly transverse, on vertex isodiametric; on disc of pronotum con­ sists of very dense transverse lines, forming long meshes, becoming more coarse near margins, almost isodiametric in basal fovea; on elytra very weak, consisting of dense transverse lines with light ten­ dency to forming meshes. Aedeagus (fig. 12) thin and narrow, weakly curved, with large sagittal aileron, apical hook short and somewhat curved dorsaly; copulatory piece forming long bar, armed small teeth at apex. — Length: 3.17 mm, Width: 1.30 mm. Material. Holotype rf (HNHM), "Nordl. Mongolei, Changai, Leder" (syntype of T. al­ monius REITT.).

Trechus (Trechus) korotyaevi sp. n. Uniformly pale-brown, without metallic lustre, appendages paler, eyes blackish-brown. Head relatively narrow, with distinct frontal furrows subangulate at level of frontal margins of eyes; eyes small and flat with fairly rough ommatidia, temporae feebly protrudent, gently sloping, about as long as eyes. Mandibles stout, right one with narrow sharp retinaculum, slightly bended forward; labrum emarginate at apex. Antennae rather short, extending beyond base of pronotum by two apical segments. Mentum tooth short and wide, emarginate at apex. Pronotum feebly cordiform and convex, 1.20-1.25 times as wide as head, 1.27-1.31 times as wide as long, widest at about two-thirds from base; ratio of greatest width to width of apex 1.30-1.33, that to width of base 1.27-1.37; lateral sides narrow reflexed, moderately rounded, feebly sinuate before slightly obtuse hind angles; front angles rounded and almost not advanced; median line distinct, deeper at base of pronotum, basal fovea shallow, smooth, basal area longitudinally strigose. Elytra oval, moderately convex, 1.54- 1.66 times as wide as pronotum, 1.44-1.50 times as long as wide, widest near middle; shoulders ro­ unded but distinct; striae shallow, distinct but weakly punctate, 1-3. entire, 4-5. dissappeared near shoulders, 6-7. faint at apex of elytra (visible only in oblique light); stria 3 with two setiferous dorsal pores situated at about one-fifth from base and slightly behind middle ; intervals flat, apical carina pro­ minent. Ventral surface smooth, anal sternit of male with two setae on hind margin. Legs fairly stout, tibiae only with trace of groove on external face near apex. Aedeagus (fig. 13) massive, weakly curved, with characteristic thickening at apex, inner sac without copulatory piece, armed with two spines, each situated near to the other and groups of small teeth. Microsculp- t u r e of head isodiametric, more distinct on vertex, on disc of pronotum composed of short trans­ verse meshes, which near margins becoming coarser and almost isodiametric; microsculpture of elytra consisting of very narrow transverse meshes, almost disappearing on disc. — Length: 3.31-3.60 mm. Width: 1.31-1.44 mm. From other species easily different in structure of aedeagus, large body with pale colour, form of pronotum, etc. Material. Holotype rf (ZIL) and Paratype rf (HNHM) : mountain range Tannu-Ola, Mt. Hadynbaj, near village Torgalyk, mountaineous tundra, under stones, 23. VI. 1962, leg. I. V. STEBAEV. Paratype rf (ZIL): Western Tannu-Ola, source of Kadyi river, mountaineous tundra, 2. VIII. 1979, leg. B. A. KOROTYAEV. The species is named after my friend, B. A. KOROTYAEV, an indefatigable explorer of Tuvinian beetles.

Trechus (Trechus) mordkovitschi sp. n.

Pitchy-brown, head almost black, margins and suture of elytra, mandibles and labrum somewhat paler, appendages pale-testaceous, 3-5. segments of antennae slightly infuscated. Head rather wide, with entire deep frontal furrows subangulate at middle; eyes moderately convex, with small ommatidia; temporae fairly convex, about half as long as eyes. Antennae rather short, extending beyond base of pronotum by two apical segments; mentum tooth emarginate at apex. Pronotum moderately tranverse and convex, 1.25-1.27 times as wide as head, 1.32-1.37 times as wide as long, widest in its first thirds; ratio of greatest width to width of apex 1.32-1.37, that to width of base 1.24-1.25, lateral sides moderately rounded, shortly sinuated before small rectangular hind angles; front angles slightly advanced and rounded; median line distinct; basal fovea shallow, smooth, basal and apical areas longitudinally strigose. Elytra oval, moderately convex, 1.39-1.46 times as wide as pronotum, 1.45-1.52 times as long as wide, widest slightly behind middle; striae 1-3 entire, rather deep and almost smooth, 4. shallow and short, 5. only trace, 6. absent, 7. scarcelly visible in oblique light; stria 3 with two setiferous dorsal pores situated at about one-fifth from base and behind middle; recurrent stria feebly curved and joining stria 5 ; intervals flat, apical carina weakly prominent. Ven­ tral surface smooth, anal sternite in male with two setae on hind margin. Legs fairly stout, fore tibiae with a deep groove on external face. Aedeagus (fig. 10) moderately curved, with small sagittal aileron and small "button" at apex; inner sac with copulatory piece forming long bar thickened at apex and tufts of teeth. Microsculpture of head isodiametric, more distinct on vertex, very weak on disc of pronotum, composed here of long transverse meshes near margins be­ coming coarser and almost isodiametric; disc of elytra practically without microsculpture, on mar­ gins consisting of fine transverse lines. — Length: 2.89-2.94 mm. Width : 1.20-1.23 mm. Easily distinguishable from other Siberian Trechus by dark colour and characteristical structure of aedeagus. Material. Holotype, rf and Paratype, rf (ZIL) : West Sajan Mts., southern slope of Oiskij mountain range, in the vicinity of village Olenja River, subalpine meadows, 31. V. 1962, leg. V. G. MORDKOVITSCH. I wish to name this species in honour of DR. V. G. MORDKOVITSCH.

Figs 14-17. Antennae. 14: Trechus mordkovitschi sp. n.; 15: Trechus montanus MÖTSCH.; 16: Trechus korotyaevi sp. n. ; 17: Trechus hangaicus sp. n. Altaiotrechus alticola IABLOKOFF-KNHZORIAN, 1971.

Altaiotrechus alticola IABLOKOFF-KHNZORIAN, 1971: 155, fig. la, b, c (type locality: Altai, mountain range Kurai, in the vicinity of Mezhtueryk).

Taxonomical remarks. The species was described based on one male from the alpine zone of Altai. In all characters it is closely related to the almonius-group of Trechus (sensu JEANNEL, 1962), but following IABLOKOFF-KHNZORIAN (1971), fore tibia pubescent on external face are of generic character, which was mentioned later by LANEYRIE (1974: 8).

References

BURAKOWSKY, B., MROCZKOWSKI, M., STEFANSKA, J. & al. (1973): Coleoptera, Carabidae, I. — In: Kat. Fauny polski, 23 (2): 233 pp. CSIKI, E. (1928): Carabidae: Harpalinae II. - Coleopt. Cat., 98: 227-345. IABLOKOFF-KHNZORIAN, S. M. (1971): Un nouveau Trechini de 1'Altai. — Nouv. Revue Ent., 1 (2): 155-157. JEANNEL, R. (1927) : Monographie des Trechinae. Morphologie comparée et distribution géographique d'un groupe de Coléoptères. (2° livraison). — Abeille, Paris, 33: 1-592. JEANNEL, R. (1928): Monographie des Trechinae. Morphologie comparée et distribution géographi­ que d'un groupe de Coléoptères. (3e livraison). - Abeille, Paris, 35: 1-808. JEANNEL,R. (1941): 39. Coléoptères Carabiques. I. — In: Faune Fr., 39: 571 pp. JEANNEL, R. (1962): Sur les Trechini des hautes montagnes de l'Asie Centrale. — Revue fr. Ent., 29 (2): 87-99. LANEYRIE, R. (1974) : Sur la systématique des Trechinae (Coleoptera, Trechidae). — Nouv. Revue Ent., 4 (1): 3-21. LINDROTH, C. H. (1945) : Die fennoscandischen Carabidae. Eine tiergeographische Studie. I. Spezieller Teil. - Göteborgs K. Vetensk.-o. Vitterh. Samh. Handl. (6), Ser. B, 4 (1): 1-709. LINDROTH, C. H. (1961): The ground-beetles of Canada and Alaska. Part 2. — Opusc. ent., Suppl. 20: 1-200. MOTSCHULSKY, V. I. (Motchoulski) (1844) : Insectes de la Sibérie rapportée d'un voyage fait en 1839 et 1840. - Mém. Acad. Impér. Sei. St.-Petersb., 5 (1, 2, 3): 1-274 + I-XI, 10 table. PAWLOWSKI, J. (1975): Trechinae (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Polski. - Monogr. Fauny Pol.. Krakow, 4: 1-210. REITTER, E. (1898) : Siebzehnter Beitrag zur Coleopteren-Fauna des russischen Reiches. — Wien. ent. Ztg., 17: 109-127. REITTER, E. (1903): Uebersicht der Arten des Carabiciden-Gattung Trechus Clairv., mit Augen, aus dem Kaukasus, Russisch-Armenien und Transcaspien. — Wien. ent. Ztg, 22: 1-7. SAHLBERG, J. (1880): Bidrag tili Nordvestra Sibiriens Insectfauna. Coleoptera. I. — K. svenska Vetensk-Akad. Handl.. 17 (4): 1-115, 1 tabl. SHILENKOV, V. G. (1979): New data on fauna of the ground-beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of South Baikal region. — In: Beetles of the Far East and Eastern Siberia, Vladivostok: 36-57 (in Russian).

Author's address: DR. V. G. SHILENKOV Department of Invertebrate Zoology Irkutsk State University Suche-Bator Street 5 Irkutsk 664 011 USSR