DOCSLIB.ORG

Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Boreal Managed Forests – Meso-Scale Ecological Patterns in Relation to Modern Forestry

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Boreal Managed Forests – Meso-Scale Ecological Patterns in Relation to Modern Forestry View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in boreal managed forests – meso-scale ecological patterns in relation to modern forestry Matti Koivula This thesis is based on the following articles: 0) Summary I) Koivula, M.: Alternative harvesting methods and boreal carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae). — Submitted manuscript. II) Heliölä, J., Koivula, M. & Niemelä, J.: Distribution of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) across a boreal forest–clearcut ecotone. — Conservation Biology (in press). III) Koivula, M.: Boreal carabid-beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) assemblages in fresh clear-cuts and uneven-age structured stands. — Submitted manuscript. IV) Koivula, M., Punttila, P., Haila, Y. & Niemelä, J. 1999: Leaf litter and the small-scale distribution of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in the boreal forest. — Ecography 22: 424–435. V) Koivula, M., Kukkonen, J. & Niemelä, J.: Boreal carabid-beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) assemblages along the clear-cut originated succession gradient. — Submitted manuscript. 4 Contributions Contributions The following table shows the major contributions of authors to the original articles (referred to as I–V) I II III IV V Initiative MK, JN JH, MK, JN MK, JN YH, JN, PP MK Experimental design MK, JN JH, MK, JN MK, JN YH, MK, JN, PP MK, JK Data gathering MK JH MK MK JK, MK Analyses MK MK, JN, JH MK MK, PP MK Manuscript preparation MK JN, MK, JH MK MK, PP, JN MK, JN, JK Supervised by Prof. Jari Niemelä University of Helsinki Finland Reviewed by Dr. Konjev Desender Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Belgium Prof. Pekka Niemelä University of Joensuu Finland Examined by Prof. John R. Spence University of Edmonton Canada Carabid beetles in boreal managed forests 9 Introduction time, the structures of the plant and animal as- semblages of boreal forests have been strongly This thesis consists of five research papers altered (Heliövaara & Väisänen 1984, Esseen et (hereafter referred to as I–V) and a summary. al. 1992, Niemelä 1997). Forestry is responsible The summary begins with a general background for 30.7% of the Finnish red-listed species be- of the studies (forest fragmentation, manage- ing threatened (Rassi et al. 2000). Perhaps the ment and their consequences) and reviews cur- most important reason for this is the fragmenta- rent knowledge concerning fauna of boreal tion of old-growth forests. In southern Finland, managed forests. Further, the designs and main roughly 1% of forest cover is protected and only results of the studies I–V are presented, and 0.5% of these are old-growth forests (Virkkala these results are discussed in the context of for- et al. 2000). Obviously, protecting all the re- est management. maining old-growth forests in these regions is an inadequate measure for the protection of old- Forest fragmentation growth forest specialists (e.g. Heikkinen et al. Habitat fragmentation is one of the most impor- 2000). Thus, in addition to protection, the resto- tant causes of species declines and extinctions ration of mature, managed forests and the im- across the world (Saunders et al. 1991, Haila et provement of the quality of the surrounding al. 1994, Didham et al. 1996, Didham 1997a, managed landscape matrix through the devel- Davies et al. 2000). Forest fragmentation leads opment of appropriate management methods to isolation and reduction in size of mature-for- are needed (Niemelä 1997, 1999, Nilsson 1997, est fragments and an increase in the proportion Mönkkönen 1999). of edge habitat at the expense of interior habitat (Ranney et al. 1981, Harris 1984, Murcia 1995). Selecting the study subjects Edge is a habitat on which an adjacent habitat The long-term persistence of many forest spe- has an effect e.g. through climatic alteration, cies is dependent on populations living in man- whereas within interior habitat such an effect is aged forests (Lindenmeyer & Franklin 1997). not discernible. Deforestation and consequent Since maintaining viable populations of all spe- loss of forest species in tropical forest ecosys- cies is of central importance in conservation, tems have received considerable attention (Lau- species that are most sensitive to fragmentation rance & Bierregaard 1997). Erwin (1982) esti- should determine conservation actions. How- mated that tropical forests may host as many as ever, managed forests host fewer threatened 30 million arthropod species, while the number forest-specialist species than do old-growth for- of all known species was estimated to be ca. 1.4 ests and also many common species occur at million at that time (Wilson 1988). Since recent low abundance in managed forests. Examples extinction rates are more than 100 times greater of this difference are e.g. bryophytes and epi- than background geological ones (Pimm 1998), phytic lichens (Söderström 1988, Andersson & much of the tropical diversity is lost before it Hytteborn 1991, Kuusinen 1994, 1996, Dettki has been even discovered. However, boreal re- & Esseen 1998), beetles living in dead wood gions also host a rich fauna. For example, (Väisänen et al. 1993, Siitonen & Martikainen Hanski & Hammond (1995) suggested that bo- 1994, Jonsell et al. 1998) and Mycetophilidae real forests may house only seven times less insects (Økland 1994). However, Martikainen beetle species than tropical ones. (2000) showed that many saproxylic species Over 90% of the forests in Sweden and Fin- can live in managed forests if they contain a suf- land are managed (Angelstam 1997, Sevola ficient amount of dead or dying wood. 1999) and form a mosaic of different suc- Most forest species require specific ele- cessional stages (Hansson 1992). This is a con- ments of forests rather than “average forest” sequence of forestry-caused fragmentation over (Niemelä et al. 1996). Consequently, individu- several centuries but the most drastic effects of als of such species are more common in their fa- forestry on forest biota have taken place for only voured habitat and thus are distributed non-ran- 50 years (Niemelä 1999). Over this period of domly among forest patches and within stands 10 Koivula, M. (Niemelä et al. 1992a). Environmental diversity nes&Tømmerås 2000) and the microclimates creates a richer within-stand habitat mosaic in of clear-cut and closed-canopy sites differ naturally-developing forests compared to man- (Matlack 1993). Open sites are windier and the aged ones (Haila et al. 1994, Esseen et al. 1992, diurnal light, temperature and humidity vary Dettki & Esseen 1998). Decaying wood, tree- more; the sun dries and heats the ground, caus- species admixture and large trees, for example, ing the decrease of dwarf shrubs (Vaccinium are usually lacking from managed forests spp.) and forest mosses, and the drying of (Esseen et al. 1997, Niemelä 1997, 1999). Site Sphagnum moss mires (Niemelä 1997, 1999). characteristics may also appear different for dif- These factors affect carabid-beetle distribution ferent species. Consequently, some species with directly and indirectly (Thiele 1977). Carabids strict microhabitat demands occur in metapopu- are often more numerous and more speciose in lations (Hanski 1999), whereas for some other open habitats than in forests (Niemelä & Halme species with wider tolerances the environment 1992, Kinnunen 1999) but clear-cutting also has may be divided into source and sink habitats negative effects on the abundance of forest-spe- (Pulliam 1988) with some species using several cialist species (Niemelä et al. 1993a, b, Langor microhabitat and forest types. In a given habitat, et al. 1994, Spence et al. 1996). colonisations and extinctions may occur, with The effects of modified cutting methods are the most successful species persisting for a lon- much less studied. For example, studies con- ger time (Lockwood et al. 1997). The species in cerning thinning have mostly focused on its ef- the forests thus form gradually changing assem- fects on tree growth. In this thesis, three modi- blages rather than strict communities of species fied cutting methods are examined (I, III). Cre- (e.g. Niemelä et al. 1990). ating openings of a few acres into stands may Intermediately common species, with strict mimic natural gap formation (Sousa 1984, microhabitat demands, can potentially be used Attiwill 1994, Kuuluvainen 1994). Another as indicators of environmental quality in order method with small, retained tree groups has no to study whether or not new, modified manage- obvious natural analogue but retained trees may ment methods have an effect on forest-species act as stepping stones or “lifeboats” for forest assemblages (Haila & Kouki 1994). Such spe- specialists (Franklin et al. 1997). Finally, un- cies can be found among carabid beetles even age structure of trees is an important fea- (Coleoptera, Carabidae). They are easy to col- ture of naturally developing forests (Lähde et al. lect in sufficient quantities using pitfall traps 1991, Esseen et al. 1997) but invertebrate stud- and form an ecologically and taxonomically ies concerning its importance are lacking. In well-known group (Niemelä et al. 2000), being this thesis, beetle catches of stands where thin- often classified into forest, open-habitat and ning (aiming at uneven age structure of trees) generalist species groups (e.g. Niemelä et al. are studied (III). 1988, 1993a, Niemelä & Halme 1992). Cara- Changes in abiotic and biotic conditions in bids also reflect changes in their environments the forest – clear-cut edge as compared to the and many intermediately common species with forest interior are collectively called “edge ef- relatively strict microhabitat requirements oc- fects” and are studied in paper II. Clear-cutting cur (Thiele 1977, Lindroth 1985, 1986, Nie- creates relatively sharp habitat boundaries melä et al. 1992a, Langor et al. 1994). Clear- (ecotones) to which species may respond as cutting, for example, is shown to alter carabid conduits, filters or barriers, sources or sinks, assemblages (Haila et al. 1994, Didham et al. habitat and feedback (i.e. edges amplify or re- 1998).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Green-Tree Retention and Controlled Burning in Restoration and Conservation of Beetle Diversity in Boreal Forests
    Dissertationes Forestales 21 Green-tree retention and controlled burning in restoration and conservation of beetle diversity in boreal forests Esko Hyvärinen Faculty of Forestry University of Joensuu Academic dissertation To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Forestry of the University of Joensuu, for public criticism in auditorium C2 of the University of Joensuu, Yliopistonkatu 4, Joensuu, on 9th June 2006, at 12 o’clock noon. 2 Title: Green-tree retention and controlled burning in restoration and conservation of beetle diversity in boreal forests Author: Esko Hyvärinen Dissertationes Forestales 21 Supervisors: Prof. Jari Kouki, Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu, Finland Docent Petri Martikainen, Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu, Finland Pre-examiners: Docent Jyrki Muona, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoological Museum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Docent Tomas Roslin, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Division of Population Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Opponent: Prof. Bengt Gunnar Jonsson, Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden ISSN 1795-7389 ISBN-13: 978-951-651-130-9 (PDF) ISBN-10: 951-651-130-9 (PDF) Paper copy printed: Joensuun yliopistopaino, 2006 Publishers: The Finnish Society of Forest Science Finnish Forest Research Institute Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki Faculty of Forestry of the University of Joensuu Editorial Office: The Finnish Society of Forest Science Unioninkatu 40A, 00170 Helsinki, Finland http://www.metla.fi/dissertationes 3 Hyvärinen, Esko 2006. Green-tree retention and controlled burning in restoration and conservation of beetle diversity in boreal forests. University of Joensuu, Faculty of Forestry. ABSTRACT The main aim of this thesis was to demonstrate the effects of green-tree retention and controlled burning on beetles (Coleoptera) in order to provide information applicable to the restoration and conservation of beetle species diversity in boreal forests.
    [Show full text]
  • The Compositional and Configurational Heterogeneity of Matrix Habitats Shape Woodland Carabid Communities in Wooded-Agricultural Landscapes
    The compositional and configurational heterogeneity of matrix habitats shape woodland carabid communities in wooded-agricultural landscapes Article Accepted Version Neumann, J. L., Griffiths, G. H., Hoodless, A. and Holloway, G. J. (2016) The compositional and configurational heterogeneity of matrix habitats shape woodland carabid communities in wooded-agricultural landscapes. Landscape Ecology, 31 (2). pp. 301-315. ISSN 0921-2973 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0244-y Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/46912/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . To link to this article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0244-y Publisher: Springer All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online The compositional and configurational heterogeneity of matrix habitats shape woodland carabid communities in wooded- agricultural landscapes. Jessica L. Neumann1,3*, Geoffrey H. Griffiths1, Andrew Hoodless2 and Graham J. Holloway3 1 Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK 2 Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust, Fordingbridge, Hampshire, UK 3 Centre for Wildlife Assessment and Conservation, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK Abstract Context Landscape heterogeneity (the composition and configuration of matrix habitats) plays a major role in shaping species communities in wooded-agricultural landscapes.
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera: Carabidae) Assemblages in a North American Sub-Boreal Forest
    Forest Ecology and Management 256 (2008) 1104–1123 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Catastrophic windstorm and fuel-reduction treatments alter ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in a North American sub-boreal forest Kamal J.K. Gandhi a,b,1, Daniel W. Gilmore b,2, Steven A. Katovich c, William J. Mattson d, John C. Zasada e,3, Steven J. Seybold a,b,* a Department of Entomology, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Avenue, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA b Department of Forest Resources, 115 Green Hall, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA c USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, 1992 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA d USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 5985 Hwy K, Rhinelander, WI 54501, USA e USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 1831 Hwy 169E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: We studied the short-term effects of a catastrophic windstorm and subsequent salvage-logging and Received 9 September 2007 prescribed-burning fuel-reduction treatments on ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in a Received in revised form 8 June 2008 sub-borealforestinnortheasternMinnesota,USA. During2000–2003, 29,873groundbeetlesrepresentedby Accepted 9 June 2008 71 species were caught in unbaited and baited pitfall traps in aspen/birch/conifer (ABC) and jack pine (JP) cover types. At the family level, both land-area treatment and cover type had significant effects on ground Keywords: beetle trap catches, but there were no effects of pinenes and ethanol as baits.
    [Show full text]
  • Urbanization Effects on Carabid Diversity in Boreal Forests
    Eur. J. Entomol. 100: 73-80, 2003 ISSN 1210-5759 Urbanization effects on carabid diversity in boreal forests Stephen J. VENN*, D. Johan KOTZE and Ja ri NIEMELA Department ofEcology and Systematics, Division ofPopulation Biology, PO Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), FIN-00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Key words. Boreal forest, carabid beetles, urbanization, urban forests, urban green space and urban-rural gradient Abstract. Carabid abundance, species richness and diversity were compared along an urban-rural gradient in Helsinki, Finland. Increased urbanization was found to result in significant reductions in species richness, though the reductions in abundance and diversity were not statistically significant. Forest habitat-specialist species were scarce in rural sites and virtually absent from urban and suburban sites. There was no evidence of higher diversity at intermediate disturbance levels (suburban sites), as predicted by the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Species with flight ability and the ability to utilize open habitat were more predominant in urban and suburban sites. Flightless species were more predominant in rural and suburban sites. Carabid abundance data were suffi­ cient to reveal the negative impact of urbanization, so similar studies could be conducted in regions where carabid taxonomy is poorly known. Species composition patterns do, however, provide invaluable information. To conclude, if biodiversity is to be main­ tained in urban areas, priority must be given to the provision of those habitat features which are essential for sensitive species, such as decaying wood and wet microhabitats. These must be incorporated into urban green networks in particular, if biodiversity and species other than common generalists are to benefit from them.
    [Show full text]
  • Boreal Ground-Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Assemblages of the Mainland and Islands in Lac La Ronge, Saskatchewan, Canada
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316781970 Boreal ground-beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages of the mainland and islands in Lac la Ronge, Saskatchewan, Canada Article in The Canadian Entomologist · May 2017 DOI: 10.4039/tce.2017.12 CITATIONS READS 2 164 4 authors, including: Aaron J. Bell Iain David Phillips University of Saskatchewan Saskatchewan Water Security Agency 18 PUBLICATIONS 23 CITATIONS 57 PUBLICATIONS 333 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Scott Nielsen University of Alberta 188 PUBLICATIONS 6,015 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Grizzly bear response to disturbance View project Grizzly bear population dynamics in a changing world View project All content following this page was uploaded by Aaron J. Bell on 07 November 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. 1 Boreal ground-beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages of the mainland and islands in Lac la Ronge, Saskatchewan, Canada Aaron J. Bell,1 Iain D. Phillips, Scott E. Nielsen, John R. Spence Abstract—We tested the applicability of the “passive sampling” hypothesis and theory of island biogeography (TIB) for explaining the diversity of forest-dwelling carabid assemblages (Carabidae: Coleoptera) on 30 forested islands (0.2–980.7 ha) in Lac la Ronge and the adjacent mainland in Saskatchewan, Canada. Species richness per unit area increased with distance to mainland with diversity being highest on the most isolated islands. We detected neither a positive species-area relationship, nor significant differences in species richness among island size classes, or between islands and the mainland.
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera: Carabidae) Diversity
    VEGETATIVE COMMUNITIES AS INDICATORS OF GROUND BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) DIVERSITY BY ALAN D. YANAHAN THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2013 Urbana, Illinois Master’s Committee: Dr. Steven J. Taylor, Chair, Director of Research Adjunct Assistant Professor Sam W. Heads Associate Professor Andrew V. Suarez ABSTRACT Formally assessing biodiversity can be a daunting if not impossible task. Subsequently, specific taxa are often chosen as indicators of patterns of diversity as a whole. Mapping the locations of indicator taxa can inform conservation planning by identifying land units for management strategies. For this approach to be successful, though, land units must be effective spatial representations of the species assemblages present on the landscape. In this study, I determined whether land units classified by vegetative communities predicted the community structure of a diverse group of invertebrates—the ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Specifically, that (1) land units of the same classification contained similar carabid species assemblages and that (2) differences in species structure were correlated with variation in land unit characteristics, including canopy and ground cover, vegetation structure, tree density, leaf litter depth, and soil moisture. The study site, the Braidwood Dunes and Savanna Nature Preserve in Will County, Illinois is a mosaic of differing land units. Beetles were sampled continuously via pitfall trapping across an entire active season from 2011–2012. Land unit characteristics were measured in July 2012. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordinated the land units by their carabid assemblages into five ecologically meaningful clusters: disturbed, marsh, prairie, restoration, and savanna.
    [Show full text]
  • Biegaczowate (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Gorców Th E Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Gorce Mts
    Ochrona Beskidów Zachodnich 2: 51–101, 2008 Biegaczowate (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Gorców Th e ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Gorce Mts Tadeusz Wojas Abstract: Th e ground beetle fauna (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Gorce Mts (Western Carpathians) has been so far very poorly studied: there had been recorded about 45 species, while this study resulted in 215 species what gives in total 219 species including those not found in these investigations (nearly 44 % of Polish fauna). Th e carabids occurred in communities (groupings) in 15 habitats distinguished in the studied area. Th e zoogeographical analysis was done with special regard to montane species. A short comparison between the carabid fauna of the Gorce Mts and other Polish Carpathian regions was also done. Key words: Coleoptera, Carabidae, northern Carpathians, Gorce Mts. Uniwersytet Rolniczy, Wydział Leśny, Katedra Botaniki i Ochrony Przyrody, al. 29 Listopada 46, 31–425 Kraków, e-mail: [email protected] DOTYCHCZASOWY STAN POZNANIA w Krościenku i Rabce), głównie z rodzaju Bembidion, FAUNY BIEGACZOWATYCH GORCÓW wykazali J. i W. Siemaszkowie (1928). Wspomniany już Tenenbaum (1931) podał ponadto nowe stanowiska w Historia dotychczasowych badań faunistycznych w Polsce dla Bembidion obliquum (Sturm) i B. punctulatum Gorcach może stanowić ilustrację tezy postawionej m.in. ab. lutzi Reitt. – oba z Krościenka nad Dunajcem. przez Petryszaka (1992), że stan zbadania danego obszaru Dopiero R. J. Wojtusiak (1932) wymienia pierwsze w dużej mierze zależy od jego przyrodniczej atrakcyjności. dwa gatunki z wewnętrznego obszaru Gorców (rezer- To stwierdzenie odnosi się również do gorczańskiej fauny wat im. W. Orkana): Calosoma sycophanta (L.) i Carabus chrząszczy z licznej gatunkowo rodziny biegaczowatych auronitens (Fabr.).
    [Show full text]
  • Boreal Forest Fertilization Leads to Functional Homogenization of Ground Beetle Assemblages
    Received: 10 September 2020 | Accepted: 19 February 2021 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13877 RESEARCH ARTICLE Boreal forest fertilization leads to functional homogenization of ground beetle assemblages Antonio Rodríguez1 | Anne- Maarit Hekkala1 | Jörgen Sjögren1 | Joachim Strengbom2 | Therese Löfroth1 1Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University Abstract of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, 1. Intensive fertilization of young spruce forest plantations (i.e. ‘nutrient optimiza- Sweden tion’) has the potential to meet increasing demands for carbon sequestration and 2Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, biomass production from boreal forests. However, its effects on biodiversity, other Sweden than the homogenization of ground- layer plant communities, are widely unknown. Correspondence 2. We sampled ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in young spruce forest plan- Antonio Rodríguez tations of southern Sweden, within a large- scale, replicated ecological experiment Email: [email protected] initiated in 2012, where half of the forest stands were fertilized every second year. Funding information We assessed multi- scale effects of forest fertilization on ground beetle diversity Formas; Carl Tryggers Foundation for Scientific Research and community assembly, 4 years after commencement of the experiment. 3. We found that nutrient optimization had negative effects on ground beetle diver- Handling Editor: Júlio Louzada sity at multiple spatial scales, despite having negligible effects on species richness. At the local scale, ground beetle species had lower variation in body size at fer- tilized sites, resulting in within- site functional homogenization. At the landscape scale, fertilized sites, with higher basal area and lower bilberry cover, filtered carabid traits composition to larger body sizes, generalist predators and summer breeding species.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix O19749
    Oikos o19749 Gerisch, M., Agostinelli, V., Henle, K. and Dziock, F. 2011. More species, but all do the same: contrasting effects of flood disturbance on ground beetle functional and species diversity. – Oikos 121: 508–515. Appendix A1 Tabelle1 Table A1. Full species list representing the standardized number of individuals per species for the study sites Steckby, Woerlitz, and Sandau. Density expresses the proportion of species standardized abundances to total abundance. Macropterous = winged, brachypterous = wingless, dimorphic = both forms can appear with a species. Body size is the average of maximum and minimum values found in the literature (for references see below). Wing Reproduction Body size Species names Steckby Woerlitz Sandau Density Morphology Season In mm Acupalpus dubius 0.032 0 0.016 0 macropterous spring 2.6 Acupalpus exiguus 1.838 1.019 0.71 0.005 macropterous spring 2.7 Acupalpus parvulus 0.081 0.038 0.032 0 macropterous spring 3.6 Agonum dolens 0.032 0.038 0.081 0 dimorph spring 8.8 Agonum duftschmidi 14.966 2.755 0.016 0.025 macropterous spring 8.2 Agonum emarginatum 116.659 4.472 25.194 0.208 macropterous spring 7.2 Agonum fuliginosum 0.097 0.038 0 0 dimorph spring 6.7 Agonum lugens 0.177 0 0.081 0 macropterous spring 9 Agonum marginatum 0.371 0.075 0.113 0.001 macropterous spring 9.2 Agonum micans 19.502 4.208 23.71 0.067 macropterous spring 6.6 Agonum muelleri 0 0.019 0 0 macropterous spring 8.2 Agonum piceum 0.468 0 0.016 0.001 macropterous spring 6.4 Agonum sexpunctatum 0.032 0 0.016 0 macropterous spring 8.2 Agonum
    [Show full text]
  • Biological-Control-Programmes-In
    Biological Control Programmes in Canada 2001–2012 This page intentionally left blank Biological Control Programmes in Canada 2001–2012 Edited by P.G. Mason1 and D.R. Gillespie2 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada iii CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI Head Offi ce CABI Nosworthy Way 38 Chauncey Street Wallingford Suite 1002 Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 T: +1 800 552 3083 (toll free) Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 T: +1 (0)617 395 4051 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org Chapters 1–4, 6–11, 15–17, 19, 21, 23, 25–28, 30–32, 34–36, 39–42, 44, 46–48, 52–56, 60–61, 64–71 © Crown Copyright 2013. Reproduced with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery. Remaining chapters © CAB International 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electroni- cally, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Biological control programmes in Canada, 2001-2012 / [edited by] P.G. Mason and D.R. Gillespie. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-78064-257-4 (alk. paper) 1. Insect pests--Biological control--Canada. 2. Weeds--Biological con- trol--Canada. 3. Phytopathogenic microorganisms--Biological control- -Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthropods in Linear Elements
    Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis committee Thesis supervisor: Prof. dr. Karlè V. Sýkora Professor of Ecological Construction and Management of Infrastructure Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Thesis co‐supervisor: Dr. ir. André P. Schaffers Scientific researcher Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Other members: Prof. dr. Dries Bonte Ghent University, Belgium Prof. dr. Hans Van Dyck Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium Prof. dr. Paul F.M. Opdam Wageningen University Prof. dr. Menno Schilthuizen University of Groningen This research was conducted under the auspices of SENSE (School for the Socio‐Economic and Natural Sciences of the Environment) Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Jinze Noordijk Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. M.J. Kropff, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Doctorate Board to be defended in public on Tuesday 3 November 2009 at 1.30 PM in the Aula Noordijk J (2009) Arthropods in linear elements – occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen NL with references, with summaries in English and Dutch ISBN 978‐90‐8585‐492‐0 C’est une prairie au petit jour, quelque part sur la Terre. Caché sous cette prairie s’étend un monde démesuré, grand comme une planète. Les herbes folles s’y transforment en jungles impénétrables, les cailloux deviennent montagnes et le plus modeste trou d’eau prend les dimensions d’un océan. Nuridsany C & Pérennou M 1996.
    [Show full text]
  • (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Saransk Видовой Состав Жужелиц
    Altai State University www.asu.ru ISSN 2412-1908 Acta Biologica Sibirica, 2017, 3(3), 86–96 RESEARCH ARTICLE UDC 574.589 Species composition of Ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Saransk A.B. Ruchin, S.K. Alekseev, O.N. Artaev Joint Directorate of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve and National Park “Smolny”; e-mail: [email protected] In 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014–2016, fauna of Ground beetles have been investigated in Saransk (Republic of Mordovia, Russia). According to our data and literature, it is presented by 154 species from ten subfamilies. Of them, two species (Bembidion minimum (Fabricius, 1792) и Acupalpus elegans (Dejean, 1829)) are new for the Republic of Mordovia. Agrotechnogenic zone (68.8% of total species composition in the Saransk) includes highest number of species, residential zone (39.6%) is presented by lowest number of species. Proportion of multizonal beetle species was significant: 24.0%. We conducted comparison of species composition in different zones. As a result, two main clusters were determined. Very high values of Sorensen index was between industrial and residential zones, and between park-recreational and agrotechnogenic zones. According to the natural range type, we determined three groups: European-Siberian (35.9%), Trans-Palearctic (31.4%) and European-Mediterranean (13.7%). According to ecological preferences, we determined 11 groups of Ground beetles. Of them, highest number of species is presented in following groups: forest (28.8%), meadow- field (23.5%), forest-marsh (10.5%) and meadow (10.5%) groups. Key words: Ground beetles; Carabidae; species composition; abundance; fauna; Saransk city Видовой состав жужелиц (Coleoptera, Carabidae) города Саранска А.Б.
    [Show full text]