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Grappling with Race: a Textual Analysis of Race Within the Wwe
GRAPPLING WITH RACE: A TEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF RACE WITHIN THE WWE BY MARQUIS J. JONES A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS Communication April 2019 Winston-Salem, North Carolina Approved By: Ronald L. Von Burg, PhD, Advisor Jarrod Atchison, PhD, Chair Eric K. Watts, PhD ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would first like to thank my thesis advisor, Dr. Ron Von Burg of the Communication Graduate School at Wake Forest University. Dr. Von Burg’s office was always open whenever I needed guidance in the completion of this thesis. He consistently allowed this paper to be my own work, but steered me in the right direction whenever he thought I needed. I would also like to thank Dr. Jarrod Atchison and Dr. Eric Watts for serving as committed members of my Graduate Thesis Committee. I truly appreciate the time and energy that was devoted into helping me complete my thesis. Finally, I must express my very profound gratitude to my parents, Marcus and Erika Jones, for providing me with unfailing support and continuous encouragement throughout my years of sturdy and through the process of research and writing this thesis. This accomplishment would not have been possible without them. Thank you. I love you both very much. Thank you again, Marquis Jones iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………..iv Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION………………………………………………Pg. 1 Chapter 2: HISTORY OF WWE……………………………………………Pg. 15 Chapter 3: RACIALIZATION IN WWE…………………………………..Pg. 25 Chapter 4: CONCLUSION………………………………………………......Pg. -
“Racist, Sexist, Profane, and Violent”: Reinterpreting WWE's Portrayals of Samoans Across Generations
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Plan B and other Reports Graduate Studies 8-2020 “Racist, Sexist, Profane, and Violent”: Reinterpreting WWE’s Portrayals of Samoans Across Generations John Honey Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/gradreports Part of the American Popular Culture Commons Recommended Citation Honey, John, "“Racist, Sexist, Profane, and Violent”: Reinterpreting WWE’s Portrayals of Samoans Across Generations" (2020). All Graduate Plan B and other Reports. 1469. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/gradreports/1469 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Plan B and other Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 2 Copyright © John B. Honey 2020 All Rights Reserved 3 ABSTRACT “Racist, Sexist, Profane, and Violent”: Reinterpreting WWE’s Portrayals of Samoans across Generations By John B. Honey, Master of Science Utah State University, 2020 Major Professor: Dr. Eric César Morales Program: American Studies This paper examines the shifting portrayals of Pacific Islanders in World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) across three generations. As both a popular and historically racially problematic venue, WWE’s politically incorrect programming has played an underappreciated and under examined role in representing the USA. Although 4 many different groups have been portrayed by gross stereotypes in WWE, this paper uses the family of Dwayne “the Rock” Johnson—the Samoan Dynasty—as a case study. The WWE originally presented Pacific Islanders using the most offensive stereotypes, and the first two generations of the Samoan Dynasty had to “play Indian” or cosign onto gross representations of their people to be recognized by American audiences unfamiliar with representations of Pacific Islanders. -
The WWF Legend Has Become Renowned for His Hilarious Twitter
the WWF legend has become renoWned For his hilarious Twitter takedoWns oF celebrities noW, on the eve oF the release oF a documentary about his spectacular rise, Fall, and come by Steven Leckart photographs by Gregory Miller Says, “Go F Yourself!”**K (F**k the bieber!), rivals (F**k the hulk hogan!), and even countries (F**k the north korea!). back, We Went to the sheik’s house to get to knoW the man behind the snarling mustache. Gilbert Gottfried; he’ll sign hundreds of One day the phone rang—Takhti was head shots and pose for photos at two being rushed to the hospital. When VIP meetandgreets; he’ll shoot a spec Vaziri arrived, he was sent to the cem TV commercial for Bud Light in which etery. As Takhti’s body was washed on a he armwrestles a blonde actress in a stone altar, Vaziri stood there and wept. pizza parlor; he’ll film his final interview Takhti’s death was declared a suicide, for the documentary Iranian Legend: The but many suspected his democratic Iron Sheik Story, which premieres next leanings had put the wrestler in the month; he’ll storm Mayor Rob Ford’s of crosshairs of the SAVAK, Iran’s secret fice in Toronto and hijack a gaggle of TV police, who were infamous for torture news crews. Video of him insulting the and executions. “They tell me, ‘If you politician—“The man eats a cheeseburger don’t want to be like him,’ ” Vaziri and smokes crack!!!”—will go viral. recalls, “ ‘better don’t say nothing.’ ” Which brings us to the Sheik’s Twitter Vaziri hopped a plane to New York, “WAKE THE FUCK UP, JABRONI!” account. -
Professional Wrestling: Local Performance History, Global Performance Praxis Neal Anderson Hebert Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2016 Professional Wrestling: Local Performance History, Global Performance Praxis Neal Anderson Hebert Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Theatre and Performance Studies Commons Recommended Citation Hebert, Neal Anderson, "Professional Wrestling: Local Performance History, Global Performance Praxis" (2016). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 2329. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2329 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. PROFESSIONAL WRESTLING: LOCAL PERFORMANCE HISTORY, GLOBAL PERFORMANCE PRAXIS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The School of Theatre By Neal A. Hebert B.A., Louisiana State University, 2003 M.A., Louisiana State University, 2008 August 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................................................. iv ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................v -
October 9, 1983 in Trotwood, OH Hara Arena Drawing ???
October 9, 1983 in Trotwood, OH Hara Arena drawing ??? 1. Tiger Chung Lee beat Bob Boyer. 2. Pat Patterson beat Dr. X. 3. Tony Garea beat Jerry Valiant. 4. Susan Starr & Penny Mitchell beat The Fabulous Moolah & Judy Martin. 5. Tito Santana beat Mike Sharpe. 6. Rocky Johnson beat Wild Samoan Samula. 7. Andre the Giant & Ivan Putski beat WWF Tag Champs Wild Samoans Afa & Sika. Note: This was the first WWF card in the Trotwood area. It was promoted off of their Saturday at noon show on WKEF Channel 22 which had recently replaced the syndicated Georgia Championhip Wrestling show in the same time slot. November 14, 1983 in Trotwood, OH Hara Arena drawing ??? 1. Steve Regal beat Bob Colt. 2. Eddie Gilbert beat Jerry Valiant. 3. Tiger Chung Lee beat Bob Bradley. 4. Sgt. Slaughter beat Steve Pardee. 5. Jimmy Snuka beat Mr. Fuji. 6. Pat Patterson beat Don Muraco via DQ. 7. Bob Backlund beat Ivan Koloff. December 12, 1983 in Trotwood, OH Hara Arena drawing ??? 1. Steve Regal drew Jerry Valiant 2. SD Jones beat Bobby Colt. 3. Tony Atlas beat Mr. Fuji via countout. 4. The Iron Sheik beat Jay Strongbow 5. The Masked Superstar beat Tony Garea. 6. WWF I-C Champion Don Muraco beat Ivan Putski via countout. 7. Jimmy Snuka beat Ivan Koloff. Last Updated: May 24, 2021 Page 1 of 16 February 1, 1984 in Trotwood, OH August 17, 1984 in Trotwood, OH Hara Arena drawing ??? Hara Arena drawing ??? 1. Battle royal. Scheduled for the match were Andre the Giant, Tony Atlas, 1. -
2019 Topps WWE Transcendent Collection
AUTOGRAPH ON CARD AUTOGRAPHS A-AB Alexa Bliss WWE A-AC Adam Cole NXT A-AJ AJ Styles WWE A-AL Aleister Black NXT A-AS Asuka WWE A-BB Brie Bella WWE A-BE Becky Lynch WWE A-BH Bret "Hit Man" Hart WWE Legends A-BK Billie Kay WWE A-BL Brock Lesnar WWE A-BO Bobby Lashley WWE A-BR Bobby Roode WWE A-BS Braun Strowman WWE A-BY Bayley WWE A-CA Carmella WWE A-CF Charlotte Flair WWE A-CJ Chris Jericho WWE A-DA Dean Ambrose WWE A-DB Daniel Bryan WWE A-EL Elias WWE A-FB Finn Balor WWE A-JC John Cena WWE A-JG Johnny Gargano NXT A-KO Kevin Owens WWE A-LL Lex Luger WWE Legends A-LV Liv Morgan WWE A-MA Maryse WWE A-MJ Mickie James WWE A-MM Mr. McMahon WWE A-MR Mandy Rose WWE A-NA Naomi WWE A-NB Nikki Bella WWE A-NT Natalya WWE A-PG Paige WWE A-PR Peyton Royce WWE A-RD Ricky "The Dragon" SteamboatWWE Legends A-RO Randy Orton WWE A-RRR Ronda Rousey WWE A-SA Stone Cold Steve Austin WWE Legends A-SB Sasha Banks WWE A-SH Shane McMahon WWE A-SJ Samoa Joe WWE A-SM Stephanie McMahon WWE A-SN Shinsuke Nakamura WWE A-SR Seth Rollins WWE A-ST Sting WWE Legends A-SW Shawn Michaels WWE Legends A-TH Triple H WWE A-TS Trish Stratus WWE Legends A-UN Undertaker WWE AUTOGRAPHED SKETCH CARD 1 Adam Cole WWE 2 AJ Styles WWE 3 Aleister Black WWE 4 Alexa Bliss WWE 5 Asuka WWE 6 Bayley WWE 7 Becky Lynch WWE 8 Billie Kay WWE 9 Bobby Lashley WWE 10 Bobby Roode WWE 11 Braun Strowman WWE 12 Bray Wyatt WWE 13 Bret Hart WWE 14 Brie Bella WWE 15 Charlotte Flair WWE 16 Daniel Bryan WWE 17 Dean Ambrose WWE 18 Dolph Ziggler WWE 19 Drew McIntyre WWE 20 Elias WWE 21 Ember Moon WWE 22 Finn -
Wrestling Observer Newsletter February 24, 1992
Wrestling Observer Newsletter February 24, 1992 A few weeks ago I started hearing speculation about the significant lost revenue from those avenues. A potential sprint possible demise of Hulk Hogan and even the potential demise race by sponsors in the wrong direction and domino effect of of Titan Sports. While in a worst-case scenario of what could television stations which would cause a lessening of exposure happen, one couldn't completely rule that out as a possibility. would indirectly lead to a major effect on live attendance and all But it was maybe a 200-to-one longshot, at best. Most of this other revenue sources. At the same time, a promoter like Don talk was incredibly premature and so unlikely at the time that it King, who in comparison makes Vince McMahon seem like a didn't seem to be worth serious discussion. saint, has survived and prospered even though most Americans have an idea of what kind of a person he really is. People will It's still premature. It's still unlikely. But it's also worth serious pay money to see an entertainment/sport even if the owner has discussion. Make no mistake about it. Friday night, if it were not a shady rep forever because they are paying to see the for some incredible luck, the Titan empire may have been in a performers. But boxing isn't marketed as a kids show and aired race to avoid crumbling before Wrestlemania. Even with the in syndication primarily on Saturday mornings, so parts of that incredible luck, it may be too late for Titan to inevitably avoid analogy doesn't hold up. -
The Leadership Style of Vincent Kennedy Mcmahon V
Brad Thiessen 07B:201 – Foundations of School Administration Final Project: The Leadership Style of Vincent Kennedy McMahon Vincent Kennedy McMahon is best known as the founder, majority shareholder, and Chairman of the Board of the $1.23 billion American professional wrestling organization, World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. (WWE). In addition to being a billionaire and one of the most recognizable personalities in professional wrestling, McMahon is widely considered to be the single driving force behind the growth of professional wrestling over the past 30 years. The popularity, success, and perhaps existence of modern professional wrestling in America are due to the work, vision, and leadership of Vince McMahon. I chose Vince McMahon for this project for three reasons. First, I’ve always been fascinated by the spectacle of professional wrestling. I remember, as a child, coming home from church every Saturday evening with my brothers, turning on the television, and watching our favorite wrestlers, such as “The Nature Boy” Ric Flair, Hulk Hogan, the Junkyard Dog, and S.D. “Special Delivery” Jones “compete” for the heavyweight championship belt. The business, politics, and performances surrounding the world of professional wrestling have always interested me. Another reason why I chose McMahon for this project is because of the dual leadership role he plays. In reality, Vince McMahon is the Chairman of the WWE and responsible for making business decisions. McMahon is also a professional wrestling performer, playing the role of the ruthless billionaire Mr. McMahon. I thought it might be fun to compare the leadership style of the real Vince McMahon with the fictional Mr. -
2019 Topps Transcendent Wrestling Checklist
2019 Topps Transcendent Wrestling Subject Card Totals 93 Subjects **Print Run for Belt Autos across all subjects is 50; How many for each subject is TBD; Subject Total Print run does not include Auto Belts TOTAL TOTAL Auto Auto Cut Auto Auto Sketch TEAM Auto CARDS HITS Cut Dual Player Belt Kiss Original Adam Cole 58 58 57 1 AJ Styles 58 58 57 1 Aleister Black 58 58 57 1 Alexa Bliss 58 58 57 1 Andre The Giant 2 2 1 1 Asuka 75 58 57 17 1 Bam Bam Bigelow 2 2 1 1 Bayley 58 58 57 1 Becky Lynch 58 58 57 1 Big John Studd 2 2 1 1 Billie Kay 58 58 57 1 Bobby Heenan 4 4 1 3 Bobby Lashley 58 58 57 1 Bobby Roode 58 58 57 1 Braun Strowman 58 58 57 1 Bray Wyatt 1 1 1 Bret Hart 58 58 57 1 Brie Bella 75 58 57 17 1 Brock Lesnar 57 57 57 Bruno Sammartino 3 3 1 2 Carmella 57 57 57 Charlotte Flair 58 58 57 1 Chief Jay Strongbow 2 2 1 1 Chris Jericho 57 57 57 Curt Hennig 2 2 2 Daniel Bryan 58 58 57 1 Dean Ambrose 58 58 57 Yes 1 Dolph Ziggler 1 1 1 Drew McIntyre 1 1 1 Dusty Rhodes 3 3 1 2 Eddie Guerrero 2 2 1 1 Elias 58 58 57 1 Ember Moon 1 1 1 Finn Balor 58 58 57 1 Freddie Blassie 2 2 1 1 GroupBreakChecklists.com 2019 Topps Transcendent Wrestling Subject Card Totals TOTAL TOTAL Auto Auto Cut Auto Auto Sketch TEAM Auto CARDS HITS Cut Dual Player Belt Kiss Original George Steele 4 4 1 3 Gorilla Monsoon 1 1 1 Jeff Hardy** 1 1 Yes 1 Jim Neidhart 2 2 1 1 John Cena 58 58 57 1 Johnny Gargano 58 58 57 1 Junkyard Dog 2 2 1 1 Kairi Sane 1 1 1 Kane 1 1 1 Kerry Von Erich 2 2 1 1 Kevin Owens 58 58 57 1 Kofi Kingston 1 1 1 Lex Luger 57 57 57 Liv Morgan 57 57 57 Mae Young 1 1 1 Mandy Rose 57 57 57 Maryse 57 57 57 Matt Hardy 1 1 1 Mickie James 57 57 57 Miss Elizabeth 5 5 1 4 Mr. -
21 Lc 123 0105 S. R
21 LC 123 0105 Senate Resolution 114 By: Senators Mullis of the 53rd, Gooch of the 51st, Burke of the 11th, Payne of the 54th, Miller of the 49th and others A RESOLUTION 1 Commending the National Wrestling Alliance and recognizing October 21, 2021, as National 2 Wrestling Alliance Day; and for other purposes. 3 WHEREAS, professional wrestling as a form of sports entertainment and performance art 4 has deep roots in the history and culture of the State of Georgia; and 5 WHEREAS, positive contributions have been made to film, public service, charity, industry, 6 agriculture, and other professional sports by many professional wrestlers from the State of 7 Georgia, including Arn Anderson, Bob Armstrong, Jerry Blackwell, Terry "Bam Bam" 8 Gordy, Joyce Grable, Ernest Miller, "Nature Boy" Paul Lee, Ron Simmons, Ray Traylor Jr., 9 and others; and 10 WHEREAS, the National Wrestling Alliance is the oldest and most tradition-laden 11 professional wrestling organization in the world; and 12 WHEREAS, the National Wrestling Alliance was formally established in 1948, but it has 13 roots preceding 1900; and S. R. 114 - 1 - 21 LC 123 0105 14 WHEREAS, the National Wrestling Alliance has been represented by some of the greatest 15 sports and entertainment icons in American history, including "Nature Boy" Ric Flair, "The 16 American Dream" Dusty Rhodes, "Handsome" Harley Race, Mildred Burke, Dory Funk Jr., 17 Terry Funk, Lou Thesz, Bobo Brazil, Pat O'Connor, Gene Kiniski, Chief Wahoo McDaniel, 18 Sting, Ricky "The Dragon Steamboat," The Junkyard Dog, Tommy -
October 8, 1983 in Cincinnati, OH Cincinnati Gardens Drawing ??? 1
October 8, 1983 in Cincinnati, OH Cincinnati Gardens drawing ??? 1. Tiger Chung Lee beat Bob Boyer. 2. Tony Garea beat Dr. X. 3. The Fabulous Moolah & Sue Starr beat Penny Mitchell & Judy Martin. 4. Pat Patterson beat Mike Sharpe. 5. Tito Santana beat George Steele. 6. Andre the Giant, Ivan Putski, & Rocky Johnson beat Wild Samoans Afa, Sika, & Samula via DQ. November 13, 1983 in Cincinnati, OH Cincinnati Gardens drawing 2,000 1. Steve Regal beat Bob Colt. 2. Jerry Valiant beat Steve Lombardi. 3. Mr. Fuji & Tiger Chung Lee beat Bob Bradley & Eddie Gilbert. 4. Pat Patterson beat Ivan Koloff countout. 5. Jimmy Snuka beat Don Muraco. 6. WWF World Champ Bob Backlund beat Sgt. Slaughter. December 11, 1983 in Cincinnati, OH Cincinnti Gardens drawing 1,200 1. Ivan Putski vs. Mr. Fuji. 2. The Masked Superstar vs. Jay Strongbow. 3. WWF I-C Champ Don Muraco vs. Jimmy Snuka. Last Updated: August 16, 2021 Page 1 of 17 January 8, 1984 in Cincinnati, OH July 27, 1984 in Cincinnati, OH Cincinnati Gardens drawing ??? 1. Jerry Valiant drew Jose Luis Rivera. 2. Mr. Fuji beat Steve Lombardi. 1. Jesse Ventura beat Jack Morris. 3. WWF I-C Champ Don Muraco beat Salvatore Bellomo. 2. The Moondogs beat Bobby Boyers & Billy Travis. 4. WWF World Champ The Iron Sheik beat Pat Patterson via DQ. 3. Rocky Johnson beat Mr. Fuji. 5. Bob Backlund beat The Masked Superstar via DQ. 4. John Studd beat Jay Strongbow. 6. WWF Tag Champs Tony Atlas & Rocky Johnson DDQ Wild Samoans Afa 5. Greg Valentine beat Ivan Putski. -
The Elaborate Entrance of Chad Deity
The Elaborate Entrance of Chad Deity By Kristoffer Diaz Dramaturgy by Jessie Baxter Company One Summer 2012 Table of Contents Glossary of Scripted Terms and References…………3 Video Glossary………………………………………………………15 Pro Wrestling Jargon……………………………………………18 American Pro Wrestling Promotions……………………21 Pro Wrestling Promotion Flowchart……………………22 Additional Resources and Links…………………………..23 Sources…………………………………………………………………24 Check out the Chad Deity dramaturgy blog! We’ll be posting updates about the rehearsal process and relevant bits of info along the way: http://chadaturgy.wordpress.com To view video clips and examples, visit the Chad Deity YouTube channel: http://www.youtube.com/user/c1chaddeity Have a research related or script based question? Jessie’s email: [email protected] Jessie’s cell: 303.808.0954 2 Glossary of Scripted Terms and References Act 1 p.7 Fall: Usually, the ending of the match. A fall is obtained by gaining a decision in any manner, normally consisting of a pin, submission, count‐out, or disqualification. See video glossary for examples. Cruger Avenue; Bronx, NY: p. 8 World Wrestling Federation: The name used from 1982 to 2002 by the professional wrestling company now known as WWE. The name was changed after the World Wildlife Foundation sued for name infringement. The WWE has since changed or blurred out any references to the WWF brand that appear in photos or broadcasts. 3 British Bulldogs: The team of cousins Davey Boy Smith and Tom Billington (better known as the Dynamite Kid), professional wrestlers who competed through most of the 1980s in both North America, England, and Japan. Considered one of the top tag‐teams in history.