Chapter 14 Table of Antihypertensive Drugs
F. GROSS and J. B. LUTH
The following tables give information about the most important drugs used today in the treatment of high blood pressure. These lists do not in any way aim for completeness, in particular with respect to brand names, which are much more numerous for several of the mentioned products. The usual forms of adminis• tration and average dosages are included, but various other schemes are also recommended for some drugs in some countries. What is said for the single entities with respect to completeness holds true even more for the fixed combinations, of which only a fraction of those marketed in a number or'countries has been included. Some examples of the combinations that make sense to the authors have been mentioned; many have been omitted; however, deletion does not mean in all cases - but it does in some - that the combi• nation is considered useless. If a barbiturate is added to reserpine and a diuretic, it is difficult to ascribe to the new combination an improved effect on the high blood pressure. Quite a few more examples could be given, where the addition of a further ingredient to the basic combination of reserpine and a diuretic is nothing but the mixing in of a special flavor, and not of an antihypertensive component. Some of the readers may also feel that too many drugs and combinations have been listed, and they may never have heard the names of quite a few of them. Despite the incompleteness of the list, it gives an impression of the huge variety of pre• parations, which will further increase with the growing number of /J-adrenergic blockers and their combinations with other drugs.
Rauwolfia Extracts, Reserpine and Derivatives
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Deserpidine Harmonyl Tab!. 0.25 mg 0.75-1.0 mgfor 10-14 days; maintenance dose 0.25 mg daily Methoserpidine Decaserpyl Tab!. 5; 10 mg Initial dose of 30 mg/day; maintenance dose up to 60 mg daily Rauwolfia Hypercal Tab!. 2 mg 200 mg/day; maintenance serpentina Hypertane Tab!. 2 mg dose 50-300 mg extracts Hypertensan Tab!. 50 mg Raudixin Tab!. 50 mg Rivadiscin Tab!. 150 mg Alseroxylone Rauwiloid Tab!. 2 mg 2-8 mg daily fraction
F. Gross (ed.), Antihypertensive Agents © Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg 1977 634 F. GROSS and J. B. LttTH:
Rauwolfia Extracts, Reserpine and Derivatives (Continued)
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Rescinnamine Anaprel500 Tab!. 0.5 mg 0.5 mg 2-3 times daily Moderil Tab!. 0.25; 0.5 mg Reserpine Rau-Sed Tab!. 0.25 mg 0.05-0.5 mg daily; mainte- Sandril Amp. 2.5 mg/ml; 10 ml nance dose 0.25-0.5 mg Tab!. 0.1 mg daily Sedaraupin Tab!. 0.2 mg Amp. 0.25 (1.0) mg/ml Serpasil Tab!. 0.25; 0.1; 1 mg Amp. 0.1 mg/ml Drops 0.5 mg/ml Syrosingopine Singoserp Tab!. 1 mg Initial dose 1-2 mg daily; maintenance dose 0.5 to 3 mg daily
Alpha-methyldopa, Clonidine
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Alpha-methyl- Aldomet, Aldometil Tab!. 125; 250; 500 mg 0.5-3 g daily dopa Tab!. 250 mg Presinol Amp. 250 mg/5 ml Sembrina Sugar. coated tablet 250 mg Clonidine Catapres Tab!. 0.1 mg Initial dose 0.075 mg3times Catapresan Amp. 0.15 mg/ml daily; daily doses of up Catapresan 300 Tab. 0.15; to 0.9 or 1.2 mg may be 0.3 mg necessary; i.v. 0.075 to 0.150 mg
Sympatholytics
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Bethanidine Bethanid Caps. 10 mg Initial dose, 10-20 mg daily Esbatal Tab!. 10; 50 mg in divided doses; subse• quent doses gradually in• creased up to 200 mg daily Debrisoquine Declinax Tab!. 10; 20 mg 10 mg twice daily, increas• ing to 50 mg 3 times daily Guanethidine Ismelin Tab!. 10; 25 mg 10-20 mg daily, initially; Amp. 10 mg/ml subsequent doses increas• ing at weekly intervals to a maximum of 300 mg daily; maintenance dose 50-75 mg daily Guanoclor Vatensol Tab!. 10; 40 mg 10-20 mg daily Guanoxan Envacar Tab!. 10; 40 mg Initial, 10 mg daily; subse• quent doses gradually increased up to 200 mg daily Table of Antihypertensive Drugs 635
Ganglionic Blockers
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Chlorisond• Ecolid Tab!. 25 mg Initial, 10 mg daily; subse• amine Amp.5mg/ml quent doses increasing up to 250 mg daily; i.v. 1-2 mg, s.c. 1-15 mg
Hexametho- Vegolysen 10% solution for injec• Initial dose of 5-15 mg s.c., nium tion, in vials of 25 mg i.m. Administration ev• ery 4-6 h is usually necessary
Mecamylamine Inversine Tab!. 2.5; 10 mg Initial dose, 2.5 mg twice Mekamine Tab!. 2.5; 100 mg daily; subsequent doses Mevasine gradually increased to a Revertina maximum of 60 mg daily Versamine
Pempidine Perolysen Tab!. I; 5 mg Initial dose, 2.5 mg every 6h; Tenormal subsequent doses may be increased gradually to a maximum of 80 mg daily
Pentolinium Ansolysen Tab!. 10; 40 mg Initial dose, 1-2.5 mg s.c. Amp. 0.5% for 10 ml every 12 h; subsequent do• Pentilium ses increased by 0.5-20 mg; tablets 10-20 mg every 12 h; maintenance dose 100-900 mg
Trimethaphan Arfonad Amp. 250 mg/5 ml Administration by slow i.v. infusion of a freshly pre• pared solution in sodium chloride, the usual strength of solution being I mg/m!. The infusion is started at the rate of 3--4 mg/min and then the rate is adjusted according to the response of the patient
Alpha-adrenergic Blockers
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Phenoxybenz- Dibenyline, Caps. 10 mg 10-20 mg initially; subse• amine Dibenzyline, quent doses increasing up Dibenzyran to 240 mg daily
Phentolamine Regitine, Amp. 10 mg/ml 5-10 mg i.m./i.v. Rogitine Tab!. 20 mg
Tolazoline Priscol, Prisco line Tab!. 25 ml Up to 200 mg daily in di• Toline Amp. 25 mg/ml vided doses Tovalad Vasodil Zoline Tab!. 25 mg 636 F. GROSS and J. B. LUTH:
Alpha-adrenergic Blocker and Vasodilator
Prazosin Minipres Tab!. 1; 2; 5 mg 0.5-15 mg daily; initially Hypotens 0.5-1.0 mg daily Hypovase
Beta-adrenergic Blockers Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Alprenolol Aptin, Gubernal Tab!. 50 mg 100-200 mg daily, increas• Amp. 10 mg/1O ml ing up to 400 mg daily in divided doses by mouth; 5-20 mg by i.v. injection at a rate not exceeding 1 mg/min Atenolol Tenormin Tab!. 50; tOO mg 100-300 mg daily Bupranolol Betadrenol Tab!. 40; 100 mg 80-120 mg daily Bunitrolol Stresson Tab!. 10 mg 10-20 mg twice daily Butidrin Betabloc, Tab!. 50 mg 50-150 mg daily Recetan Metoprolol Beloc Tab!. 50; 100 mg 100-300 mg daily Betaloc Lopresor Seloken Nifenalol Inpea Tab!. 50mg 100-300 mg daily Oxprenolol Trasicor Tab!. 20; 40; 80 mg 1-2 mg Lm., or Lv. 40 to Amp.2mg 160 mg daily in divided slow Trasicor 160 mg doses increased to a maxi• mum of 400 mg daily Pindolol Visken Amp. 0.4 mg/2 ml Mean dosage 15 mg daily by Tab!. 5;15mg;Drops 1 ml mouth; Lv. 0.4-2 mg = 20 drops = 5 mg Propranolol Inderal, Tab!. 10; 40; 80 mg 160-320-2000 mg daily; Dociton Amp. 1 mg/1 ml 3-10 mg by slow i.v. in• jection Sotalol Sotalex, Tab!. 160 mg 160-640-1000 mg daily Beta Cardone Timolol Blocadren, Tab!. 5; 10; 15 mg 15-45 mg daily Temserin Toliprolol Doberol Tab!. 10; 50 mg 30-150 mg daily
Vasodilators Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Dihydralazine Nepresol Tab!. 25 mg 25-100 mg daily Diazoxide Hyperstat Amp. 300 mg/20 ml Treatment of severe hyper• Hypertonalum tensive crisis: rapid in• jection of 300 mg i.v. every 4-20h Hydralazine Apresolin Tab!. 25; '50 mg 50-200 mg daily by mouth; Amp. 20 mg/ml 20-40 mg Lv. or Lm. Dralzine Tab!. 25 mg Sodium Nitro• Nipride Amp.50mg Infusion of 0.02-4).2 mg prusside Nipruss Amp.60mg per min Verapamil Isoptin Tab!. 40; 80 mg 120-240 mg daily by mouth; Amp. 5 mg/2 ml 5 mg Lv. Table of Antihypertensive Drugs 637
Veratrum Alkaloids
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Alkavervir Veriloid Tab!. 1; 2 mg 9-15 mg daily in three doses at intervals of 6-8 h Cryptenamine Unitensen Tab!. 2 mg Initial dose, 2 mg twice daily Amp.2mg by mouth, for patients in hospital the dose may be increased gradually each day; 1 mg diluted with 20 ml dextrose, i.v. injec• tion may be used at a rate of 1 mljmin. For maintenance therapy of hypertensive crisis, i.m. injections of 1 mg at intervals of 3-6 h Protoveratrine Puroverine Tab!. 0.25 mg 0.25-1 mg by mouth every A+B Amp.O.lOmg 2-4 h; 0.1-0.4 mg i.m. every 1-6 h
Diuretics
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Amiloride Midamor, Tab!. 5 mg 10-40 mg daily Arumil Bendrofluazide, Aprinox Tab!. 2.5; 5.0 mg 10 mg daily Bendro- Berkozide flumethiazide Bristuric Centyl Naturetin Naturine Pluryl Sinesalin Benzthiazide Aquatag Tab!. 50 mg 25-50 mg daily Exasalt Exna NaClex Butizide, Eunephran Tab!. 5.0mg 10 mg daily Buthiazide Saltucin Ufrix Chlorothiazide Chlotride Tab!. 250; 500 mg 250-500 mg daily Diuril Flumen Miuril Miuzil Salisan Saluren Saluric Yadalan Chlorthalidone Hygroton Tab!. 50; 100 mg 50 mg daily; in severe cases Igroton initial doses of 100 mg may be necessary Clopamide Adurix Tab!. 20mg 20-40 mg twice daily Brinaldix Clorexolone Flonatril Tab!. 10; 25 mg 10 mg twice daily Nefrolan 638 F. GROSS and J. B. LUTH:
Diuretics (Continued)
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses
Cyclopenthi- Navidrex Tab.0.5mg Initial dose 1-2 mg daily, azide Navidrix increasing up to 4 mg daily Cyclothiazide Anhydron Tab!. 2 mg 2 mg daily Doburil Valmiran Frusemide, Furantral Tab!. 40; 500 mg 40-400 mg daily Furosemide Furix Amp. 20 mg/2 ml; Lasix 250mg/25 ml Hydrochloro- Aquarius Tab!. 25; 50 mg 25-50 mg twice daily thiazide Di-Chlotride Direma Esidrex Esidrix Hydrid Hydro-Aquil Hydro-Diuril Hydro-Saluric Hydrozide Lexxor Oretic Hydro- Diucardin Tab!. 50 mg 50-100 mg daily flumethiazide Saluron Indapamid Natrilix Coated tab. 2.5 mg 2.5-5 mg once daily
Mefruside Baycaron Tab!. 25 mg 50 mg daily in divided doses Methyclo- Aquatensen Tab!. 2.5; 5 mg 2.5-5 mg daily thiazide Duretic Enduron Metolazone Zaroxolyn Tab!. 2.5; 5; 10 mg 2.5-5 mg once daily Polythiazide Drenusil Tab!. 2 mg 1-4 mg daily Nephril Tab!. 1 mg Renese Tab!. 1; 2; 4 mg Quinethazone Aquamox Tab!. 50 mg 50 mg twice daily Hydromox
Spironolactone Aldactone Coated tab!. 25; 50 mg 100-200 mg daily in divided Osyrol Coated tab!. 50; 100 mg doses
K-Canrenoate Aldactone pro injec- Vials 200 mg 200-400 mg daily jection Osyrol pro injection Vials 200 mg
Triamterene Diurene Caps.50mg 100-250 mg daily in divid- Dyrenium ed doses Dytac Iatropur Triamteril Trichlor- Esmarin Tab!. 2; 4mg 4-8 mg daily methiazide Metahydrin Naqua Xipamid Aquaphor Tab!. 40mg 20-40 mg daily Table of Antihypertensive Drugs 639
Combinations of Reserpine, Rauwolfia Extracts and Derivatives With Diuretics
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation and content Doses
Reserpine combined with: Bendrofluazide Albicol Tablets Reserpine 0.15 mg Twice daily1/2-1 tab. Bendrofluazide 2.5 mg Tensanyl Reserpine 0.1 mg Initial 1 or 2 tab. Bendrofluazide 1.25 mg thrice daily, mainte- KCI573 mg nance 1-3 tab. Bendroflumethia- Raupicin Reserpine 0.1 mg 1-2 tab!. daily zide Repicin Bendroflumethiazide 2 mg KCI200mg Benzthiazide Exna-R Reserpine 0.125 mg Dosage individual to Benzthiazide 50 mg the need of the pa- tient Chlorthalidone Darebon (mite) Reserpine 0.25 (0.125) mg Initial 1 tab!. daily, Chlorthalidone 50 (25) mg maintenance 1/2 tab!. 3 times weekly Hygroton· Reserpin, Reserpine 0.25 mg 1-2 tab!. daily in one Regroton Chlorthalidone 50 mg dose Chlorothiazide Diupres Reserpine 0.125 mg 2-3 tab!. daily Chlorothiazide 250 mg Cyclopenthiazide Navidrex-Serpasil K Reserpine 0.1 mg 1-3 tab!. daily Cyclopenthiazide 0.25 mg KCI600mg Frusemide, Furo- Nortensin Reserpine 0.4 mg Initia I dose 1 tab!. semide Frusemide 60 mg daily, maintenance 1 tab!. every 2 nd day Terbolan Reserpine 0.1 mg 3--4 tab!. daily Frusemide 15 mg Hydrochlorothia- Hydropres (25; 50) Reserpine 0.125 mg zide Hydrochlorothiazide 25; 50mg Hydrotensin 50 Reserpine 0.125 mg Hydrochlorothiazide 50mg Salupres Reserpine 0.625 mg 2-3 tab!. daily Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg KCI572 mg Serpasil-Esidrix Reserpine 0.1 mg Hydrochlorothiazide 25mg Serpasil-Esidrex (K) Reserpine 0.15 mg Hydrochlorothiazide 1 tab!. 3 times daily 10mg KCI600mg Hydrochlorothia- Resaltex Reserpine 0.125 mg 1 tab!. daily zide and Tri- Hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg amteren Triamteren 50 mg Hydroflumethia- Salutensin Reserpine 0.125 mg 1 tab!. twice daily zide Hydroflumethiazide 50mg Polythiazide Drenusil-R Reserpine 0.25 mg 1 tab!. daily Polythiazide 1 mg Renese-R Reserpine 0.25 mg 1/2-2 tab!. daily Renese-Reserpine Polythiazide 2 mg 640 F. GROSS and J. B. LUTH:
Combina.tions of Reserpine, Rauwolfia Extracts a.nd Derivatives With Diuretics (Cont'd)
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation and content Doses
Quinethazone Hydromox.R Reserpine 0.125 mg 1-3 tab!. daily Quinethazone 50 mg Trichlormethia- Naquival Reserpine 0.1 mg 1-3 tab!. daily zide Trichlormethiazide 4 mg Metatensin Reserpine 0.1 mg Trichlormethiazide 2 (4) mg Xipamide Durotan Reserpine 0.1 mg 1/2-2 tab!. daily Xipamide 4 mg Reserpine combined with: Rescinnamine Modenol Reserpine 0.07 mg Initial dose 2-3 tab!. Raubasine Rescinnamine 0.07 mg daily, maintenance Butizide Raubasine 0.7 mg 1 tab!. daily Butizide 3.3 mg KC1300mg Deserpidine combined with: Hydrochlorothia- Oreticyl (25/50) Deserpidine 0.125 mg 1-2 tab!. daily zide Hydrochlorothiazide 25/50 mg Methyclothiazide Endoronyl, Enduron Deserpidine 0.25 mg Initial dose 1 tabl,. Harmonyl Methyclothiazide 5 mg maintenance 1/2-2 tab!. Methoserpidine combined with: Benzthiazide Decaserpyl Plus Methoserpidine 10 mg Initial dose 1 tab!. Benzthiazide 20 mg thrice daily, mainte- nance 1-5 tab!. daily Rauwolfia Serpen- tina extracts combined with: Bendrofiumethia- Rauzide Rauwolfia Serpentina 1-4 tab!. daily zide extract 50 mg Bendrofiumethiazide 4 mg Hydrofiumethia- Rautrax Rauwolfia Serpentina Initial dose 1-3 tab!. zide extract 50 mg daily, maintenance KCl625 mg 1 tab!.
Combinations of Reserpine With Other Antihypertensive Drugs
Reserpine com• bined with: Methyldopa and Caprinol Reserpine 0.1 mg 1 tab!. daily Mefruside Methyldopa 125 mg Meftuside 10 mg Table of .Antihypertensive Drugs 641
Combination of Reserpine With Vasodilators
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation and content Doses
Reserpine com• bined with: Dihydralazine Adelphan Reserpine 0.1 mg 2-3 tab!. daily Dihydralazine 10 mg Dralserp Reserpine 0.1 mg Dihydralazine 25 mg Hydralazine Serpasil-Apresoline Reserpine 0.2 mg 1-2 tab!. daily Hydralazine 50 mg Rauwolfia alka• Ipharon Rauwolfia alkaloids 1 mg 1 coated tab!. 2-3 times loids and Di• Dihydralazine-Theophyl- daily; maintenance hydralazine• line 25 mg dose once or twice Theophylline daily 1 coated tab!.
Combination of Reserpine With Vasodilators and Diuretics
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation and content Doses
Reserpine com• bined with: Dihydralazine Adelphan-Esidrix Reserpine 0.1 mg Initial dose 2-3 tab!. Hydrochlorothia- Adelphan-Esidrex Dihydralazine 10 mg daily, maintenance zide Hydrochlorothiazide 10mg 1 to 2 tabl daily Elfanex Reserpine 0.1 mg 1-2 tab!. daily Dihydralazine 10 mg Hydrochlorothiazide 10mg KC1300mg. Hydralazine Hydrotensin Plus Reserpine 0.1 mg 1-2 tab!. 3 times daily Hydrochlorothia• SER-AP-ES Hydralazine 25 mg zide Hydrochlorothiazide 15mg Inositolnicotinat Bendigon Reserpine 0.15 mg 1-3 capsules daily Mefruside Inositolnicotinat 150 mg Mefruside 15 mg Dihydroergo• Briserin (mite) Reserpine 0.1 (0.05) mg Initial dose 1 tab!. cristine a.nd Dihydroergocristine daily, if necessary Clopamide 0.58 (0.4) mg 2-3 tab!. daily Clopamide 5 (2.5 mg)
Combination of Other .Antihypertensive Drugs With Diuretics
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation and content Doses
Methyldopa com• bined with: Butizide Sembrina-Saltucin Methyldopa 250 mg 2--4 tabl . daily Butizide 1 mg Chlorothiazide Aldoclor Methyldopa 250 mg Chlorothiazide 150 mg Hydrochlorothia• Aldoril Methyldopa 250 mg Initial dose 2-3 tab!. the zide Hydromet Hydrochlorothiazide 15mg first 2 days; mainte- nance: adjusted delating or adding 1 or 2 tablets 642 F. GROSS and J. B. LUTH:
Combinatior of Other Anthypertensive Drugs With Diuretics (Continued)
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation and content Doses
Mefruside Sali-Presinol Methyldopa 250 mg 2-3 tabl. daily Mefruside 10 mg Clonidine com- bined with: Chlorthalidone Combipres Clonidine 0.1 (0.2) mg Initial dose 0.1 mg tabl. Chlorthalidone Ii) mg once or twice daily, maintenance 0.2 to 0.8 mg daily in divid- ed doses Combipresan Clonidine 0.075 mg Initial dose 2 tabl. Chlorthalidone 15 mg daily, maintenance 1 tabl. daily Guanethidine combined with: Cyclopenthiazide Ismelin-Navidrex K Guanethidine 10 mg Initial dose 1 tabI.daily; Cyclopenthiazide 0.15 mg maintenance dose l/Z KCl400mg to 4 tabl. daily Hydrochlorothia- Esimil Guanethidine 10 mg Individual dosage to zide Hydrochlorothiazide the need of the pa- 25mg tient
Combination of Vasodilators and Diuretics
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation and content Doses
Hydralazine Apresoline-Esidrix Hydralazine 25 mg 1-2 tabl. 3 times daily Hydrochlorothia- Hydrochlorothiazide 15mg zide Combination of Two Diuretics
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation and content Doses
Amiloride Moduretic Amiloride 5 mg 1-2 tabl. daily Hydrochlorothia- Hydrochlorothiazide zide 50mg Spironolactone Aldactazide Spironolactone 25 mg 2-4 tabl. daily in divid- Hydrochlorothia- Hydrochlorothiazide ed doses zide 25mg Triamterene Triamterene 50 mg 1-2 tabl. daily Benzthiazide Benzthiazide 25 mg Triamterene Dyazide Triamterene 50 mg 1-2 tabl. daily Hydrochlorathia- Dytide Hydrochlorothiazide zide 25mg
Combination of Veratrum Alkaloids and Diuretics
Generic name Proprietary name Formulation and content Dose
Cryptenamine Diutensen Cryptenamine 2 mg 1-4 tabl. daily Methyclothiazide Methyclothiazide 2.5 mg