Chapter 14 Table of Antihypertensive Drugs F. GROSS and J. B. LUTH The following tables give information about the most important drugs used today in the treatment of high blood pressure. These lists do not in any way aim for completeness, in particular with respect to brand names, which are much more numerous for several of the mentioned products. The usual forms of adminis­ tration and average dosages are included, but various other schemes are also recommended for some drugs in some countries. What is said for the single entities with respect to completeness holds true even more for the fixed combinations, of which only a fraction of those marketed in a number or'countries has been included. Some examples of the combinations that make sense to the authors have been mentioned; many have been omitted; however, deletion does not mean in all cases - but it does in some - that the combi­ nation is considered useless. If a barbiturate is added to reserpine and a diuretic, it is difficult to ascribe to the new combination an improved effect on the high blood pressure. Quite a few more examples could be given, where the addition of a further ingredient to the basic combination of reserpine and a diuretic is nothing but the mixing in of a special flavor, and not of an antihypertensive component. Some of the readers may also feel that too many drugs and combinations have been listed, and they may never have heard the names of quite a few of them. Despite the incompleteness of the list, it gives an impression of the huge variety of pre­ parations, which will further increase with the growing number of /J-adrenergic blockers and their combinations with other drugs. Rauwolfia Extracts, Reserpine and Derivatives Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Deserpidine Harmonyl Tab!. 0.25 mg 0.75-1.0 mgfor 10-14 days; maintenance dose 0.25 mg daily Methoserpidine Decaserpyl Tab!. 5; 10 mg Initial dose of 30 mg/day; maintenance dose up to 60 mg daily Rauwolfia Hypercal Tab!. 2 mg 200 mg/day; maintenance serpentina Hypertane Tab!. 2 mg dose 50-300 mg extracts Hypertensan Tab!. 50 mg Raudixin Tab!. 50 mg Rivadiscin Tab!. 150 mg Alseroxylone Rauwiloid Tab!. 2 mg 2-8 mg daily fraction F. Gross (ed.), Antihypertensive Agents © Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg 1977 634 F. GROSS and J. B. LttTH: Rauwolfia Extracts, Reserpine and Derivatives (Continued) Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Rescinnamine Anaprel500 Tab!. 0.5 mg 0.5 mg 2-3 times daily Moderil Tab!. 0.25; 0.5 mg Reserpine Rau-Sed Tab!. 0.25 mg 0.05-0.5 mg daily; mainte- Sandril Amp. 2.5 mg/ml; 10 ml nance dose 0.25-0.5 mg Tab!. 0.1 mg daily Sedaraupin Tab!. 0.2 mg Amp. 0.25 (1.0) mg/ml Serpasil Tab!. 0.25; 0.1; 1 mg Amp. 0.1 mg/ml Drops 0.5 mg/ml Syrosingopine Singoserp Tab!. 1 mg Initial dose 1-2 mg daily; maintenance dose 0.5 to 3 mg daily Alpha-methyldopa, Clonidine Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Alpha-methyl- Aldomet, Aldometil Tab!. 125; 250; 500 mg 0.5-3 g daily dopa Tab!. 250 mg Presinol Amp. 250 mg/5 ml Sembrina Sugar. coated tablet 250 mg Clonidine Catapres Tab!. 0.1 mg Initial dose 0.075 mg3times Catapresan Amp. 0.15 mg/ml daily; daily doses of up Catapresan 300 Tab. 0.15; to 0.9 or 1.2 mg may be 0.3 mg necessary; i.v. 0.075 to 0.150 mg Sympatholytics Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Bethanidine Bethanid Caps. 10 mg Initial dose, 10-20 mg daily Esbatal Tab!. 10; 50 mg in divided doses; subse­ quent doses gradually in­ creased up to 200 mg daily Debrisoquine Declinax Tab!. 10; 20 mg 10 mg twice daily, increas­ ing to 50 mg 3 times daily Guanethidine Ismelin Tab!. 10; 25 mg 10-20 mg daily, initially; Amp. 10 mg/ml subsequent doses increas­ ing at weekly intervals to a maximum of 300 mg daily; maintenance dose 50-75 mg daily Guanoclor Vatensol Tab!. 10; 40 mg 10-20 mg daily Guanoxan Envacar Tab!. 10; 40 mg Initial, 10 mg daily; subse­ quent doses gradually increased up to 200 mg daily Table of Antihypertensive Drugs 635 Ganglionic Blockers Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Chlorisond­ Ecolid Tab!. 25 mg Initial, 10 mg daily; subse­ amine Amp.5mg/ml quent doses increasing up to 250 mg daily; i.v. 1-2 mg, s.c. 1-15 mg Hexametho- Vegolysen 10% solution for injec­ Initial dose of 5-15 mg s.c., nium tion, in vials of 25 mg i.m. Administration ev­ ery 4-6 h is usually necessary Mecamylamine Inversine Tab!. 2.5; 10 mg Initial dose, 2.5 mg twice Mekamine Tab!. 2.5; 100 mg daily; subsequent doses Mevasine gradually increased to a Revertina maximum of 60 mg daily Versamine Pempidine Perolysen Tab!. I; 5 mg Initial dose, 2.5 mg every 6h; Tenormal subsequent doses may be increased gradually to a maximum of 80 mg daily Pentolinium Ansolysen Tab!. 10; 40 mg Initial dose, 1-2.5 mg s.c. Amp. 0.5% for 10 ml every 12 h; subsequent do­ Pentilium ses increased by 0.5-20 mg; tablets 10-20 mg every 12 h; maintenance dose 100-900 mg Trimethaphan Arfonad Amp. 250 mg/5 ml Administration by slow i.v. infusion of a freshly pre­ pared solution in sodium chloride, the usual strength of solution being I mg/m!. The infusion is started at the rate of 3--4 mg/min and then the rate is adjusted according to the response of the patient Alpha-adrenergic Blockers Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Phenoxybenz- Dibenyline, Caps. 10 mg 10-20 mg initially; subse­ amine Dibenzyline, quent doses increasing up Dibenzyran to 240 mg daily Phentolamine Regitine, Amp. 10 mg/ml 5-10 mg i.m./i.v. Rogitine Tab!. 20 mg Tolazoline Priscol, Prisco line Tab!. 25 ml Up to 200 mg daily in di­ Toline Amp. 25 mg/ml vided doses Tovalad Vasodil Zoline Tab!. 25 mg 636 F. GROSS and J. B. LUTH: Alpha-adrenergic Blocker and Vasodilator Prazosin Minipres Tab!. 1; 2; 5 mg 0.5-15 mg daily; initially Hypotens 0.5-1.0 mg daily Hypovase Beta-adrenergic Blockers Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Alprenolol Aptin, Gubernal Tab!. 50 mg 100-200 mg daily, increas­ Amp. 10 mg/1O ml ing up to 400 mg daily in divided doses by mouth; 5-20 mg by i.v. injection at a rate not exceeding 1 mg/min Atenolol Tenormin Tab!. 50; tOO mg 100-300 mg daily Bupranolol Betadrenol Tab!. 40; 100 mg 80-120 mg daily Bunitrolol Stresson Tab!. 10 mg 10-20 mg twice daily Butidrin Betabloc, Tab!. 50 mg 50-150 mg daily Recetan Metoprolol Beloc Tab!. 50; 100 mg 100-300 mg daily Betaloc Lopresor Seloken Nifenalol Inpea Tab!. 50mg 100-300 mg daily Oxprenolol Trasicor Tab!. 20; 40; 80 mg 1-2 mg Lm., or Lv. 40 to Amp.2mg 160 mg daily in divided slow Trasicor 160 mg doses increased to a maxi­ mum of 400 mg daily Pindolol Visken Amp. 0.4 mg/2 ml Mean dosage 15 mg daily by Tab!. 5;15mg;Drops 1 ml mouth; Lv. 0.4-2 mg = 20 drops = 5 mg Propranolol Inderal, Tab!. 10; 40; 80 mg 160-320-2000 mg daily; Dociton Amp. 1 mg/1 ml 3-10 mg by slow i.v. in­ jection Sotalol Sotalex, Tab!. 160 mg 160-640-1000 mg daily Beta Cardone Timolol Blocadren, Tab!. 5; 10; 15 mg 15-45 mg daily Temserin Toliprolol Doberol Tab!. 10; 50 mg 30-150 mg daily Vasodilators Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Dihydralazine Nepresol Tab!. 25 mg 25-100 mg daily Diazoxide Hyperstat Amp. 300 mg/20 ml Treatment of severe hyper­ Hypertonalum tensive crisis: rapid in­ jection of 300 mg i.v. every 4-20h Hydralazine Apresolin Tab!. 25; '50 mg 50-200 mg daily by mouth; Amp. 20 mg/ml 20-40 mg Lv. or Lm. Dralzine Tab!. 25 mg Sodium Nitro­ Nipride Amp.50mg Infusion of 0.02-4).2 mg prusside Nipruss Amp.60mg per min Verapamil Isoptin Tab!. 40; 80 mg 120-240 mg daily by mouth; Amp. 5 mg/2 ml 5 mg Lv. Table of Antihypertensive Drugs 637 Veratrum Alkaloids Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Alkavervir Veriloid Tab!. 1; 2 mg 9-15 mg daily in three doses at intervals of 6-8 h Cryptenamine Unitensen Tab!. 2 mg Initial dose, 2 mg twice daily Amp.2mg by mouth, for patients in hospital the dose may be increased gradually each day; 1 mg diluted with 20 ml dextrose, i.v. injec­ tion may be used at a rate of 1 mljmin. For maintenance therapy of hypertensive crisis, i.m. injections of 1 mg at intervals of 3-6 h Protoveratrine Puroverine Tab!. 0.25 mg 0.25-1 mg by mouth every A+B Amp.O.lOmg 2-4 h; 0.1-0.4 mg i.m. every 1-6 h Diuretics Generic name Proprietary name Formulation Doses Amiloride Midamor, Tab!. 5 mg 10-40 mg daily Arumil Bendrofluazide, Aprinox Tab!. 2.5; 5.0 mg 10 mg daily Bendro- Berkozide flumethiazide Bristuric Centyl Naturetin Naturine Pluryl Sinesalin Benzthiazide Aquatag Tab!. 50 mg 25-50 mg daily Exasalt Exna NaClex Butizide, Eunephran Tab!. 5.0mg 10 mg daily Buthiazide Saltucin Ufrix Chlorothiazide Chlotride Tab!.