Star Control II: Deep Space Questing His Is the Kind of Game That Rainbow Worlds, and Solving an Reminded Me of Staif/Ight: a Picture Gives Me Nightmares
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Invisible Labor, Invisible Play: Online Gold Farming and the Boundary Between Jobs and Games
Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law Volume 18 Issue 3 Issue 3 - Spring 2016 Article 2 2015 Invisible Labor, Invisible Play: Online Gold Farming and the Boundary Between Jobs and Games Julian Dibbell Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/jetlaw Part of the Internet Law Commons, and the Labor and Employment Law Commons Recommended Citation Julian Dibbell, Invisible Labor, Invisible Play: Online Gold Farming and the Boundary Between Jobs and Games, 18 Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment and Technology Law 419 (2021) Available at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/jetlaw/vol18/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law by an authorized editor of Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VANDERBILT JOURNAL OF ENTERTAINMENT & TECHNOLOGY LAW VOLUME 18 SPRING 2016 NUMBER 3 Invisible Labor, Invisible Play: Online Gold Farming and the Boundary Between Jobs and Games Julian Dibbell ABSTRACT When does work become play and play become work? Courts have considered the question in a variety of economic contexts, from student athletes seeking recognition as employees to professional blackjack players seeking to be treated by casinos just like casual players. Here, this question is applied to a relatively novel context: that of online gold farming, a gray-market industry in which wage-earning workers, largely based in China, are paid to play fantasy massively multiplayer online games (MMOs) that reward them with virtual items that their employers sell for profit to the same games' casual players. -
Blast Off Broken Sword
ALL FORMATS LIFTING THE LID ON VIDEO GAMES Broken Sword blast off Revolution’s fight Create a jetpack in for survival Unreal Engine 4 Issue 15 £3 wfmag.cc TEARAWAYS joyful nostalgia and comic adventure in knights and bikes UPGRADE TO LEGENDARY AG273QCX 2560x1440 A Call For Unionisation hat’s the first thing that comes to mind we’re going to get industry-wide change is collectively, when you think of the games industry by working together to make all companies improve. and its working conditions? So what does collective action look like? It’s workers W Is it something that benefits workers, getting together within their companies to figure out or is it something that benefits the companies? what they want their workplace to be like. It’s workers When I first started working in the games industry, AUSTIN within a region deciding what their slice of the games the way I was treated wasn’t often something I thought KELMORE industry should be like. And it’s game workers uniting about. I was making games and living the dream! Austin Kelmore is across the world to push for the games industry to But after twelve years in the industry and a lot of a programmer and become what we know it can be: an industry that horrible experiences, it’s now hard for me to stop the Chair of Game welcomes everyone, treats its workers well, and thinking about our industry’s working conditions. Workers Unite UK, allows us to make the games we all love. That’s what a a branch of the It’s not a surprise anymore when news comes out Independent Workers unionised games industry would look like. -
Dragon Magazine #151
Issue #151 SPECIAL ATTRACTIONS Vol. XIV, No. 6 Into the Eastern Realms: November 1989 11 Adventure is adventure, no matter which side of the ocean you’re on. Publisher The Ecology of the Kappa David R. Knowles Jim Ward 14 Kappa are strange, but youd be wise not to laugh at them. Editor Soldiers of the Law Dan Salas Roger E. Moore 18 The next ninja you meet might actually work for the police. Fiction editor Earn Those Heirlooms! Jay Ouzts Barbara G. Young 22Only your best behavior will win your family’s prize katana. Assistant editors The Dragons Bestiary Sylvia Li Anne Brown Dale Donovan 28The wang-liang are dying out — and they’d like to take a few humans with them. Art director Paul Hanchette The Ecology of the Yuan-ti David Wellman 32To call them the degenerate Spawn of a mad god may be the only nice Production staff thing to say. Kathleen C. MacDonald Gaye OKeefe Angelika Lukotz OTHER FEATURES Subscriptions The Beastie Knows Best Janet L. Winters — Hartley, Patricia, and Kirk Lesser 36 What are the best computer games of 1989? You’ll find them all here. U.S. advertising Role-playing Reviews Sheila Gailloreto Tammy Volp Jim Bambra 38Did you ever think that undead might be . helpful? U.K. correspondent The Role of Books John C. Bunnell and U.K. advertising 46 New twists on an old tale, and other unusual fantasies. Sue Lilley The Role of Computers — Hartley, Patricia, and Kirk Lesser 52 Fly a Thunderchief in Vietnam — or a Silpheed in outer space. -
Erkundungen Im Spannungsfeld Von Pädagogik, Spielspass Und Technischer Machbarkeit
Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis der Medienbildung ISSN 1424-3636 Themenheft Nr. 15/16: Computerspiele und Videogames in formellen und informellen Bildungskontexten Erkundungen im Spannungsfeld von Pädagogik, Spielspass und technischer Machbarkeit Gedanken zur Konzeption und Entwicklung spielbasierter digitaler Lernumgebungen Florian Berger und Alexander Marbach Abstract Computerspiele sind heute aus der digitalen Medienwelt nicht mehr wegzuden- ken. Ihre rasante technische Entwicklung sowie ihre hohe Akzeptanz in der Jugend- kultur werfen Fragen nach pädagogischer Verwertbarkeit dieses Mediums auf. Auf diesem Gebiet besteht Forschungsbedarf: Für den Einsatz aktueller Spielkonzepte als Lehrmittel existieren keine fundierten Theorien oder Konzepte. Der schöpfe- rische Umgang mit Spielen durch Anwender («Emergent Gameplay») bietet hier durch sein hohes Motivationspotential einen vielversprechenden Ansatz. Die oft wenig beachtete Rolle der digitalen Spielen zugrunde liegenden Softwaretechnik sollte stärkere Berücksichtigung finden: Es existiert einerseits ein für die Akzeptanz beim Anwender notwendiges Minimum, andererseits ist der Einsatz des aktuellen technischen «state of the art» für die Umsetzung pädagogischer und didaktischer Ambitionen durch seine enormen Anforderungen wenig zielführend. Im Ergeb- nis sind Idee und Spielspass das Mass auch für Anwendungen des Game-Based Learn ing. Einleitung Die Einführung neuer Kommunikations- und Medientechnik wird regelmässig durch eines von drei Phänomenen begleitet: Ignoranz, scharfe Ablehnung oder übertriebene Begeisterung. Das erste deutsche Telefonbuch, 1881 in Berlin er- schienen, wurde – der damaligen Teilnehmerzahl entsprechend – als das «Buch der 94 Narren» bezeichnet. Ein zeitgenössischer Kommentar lautete: «Wir haben ein gut ausgebautes Botensystem. Was soll uns da das Fernsprechen nützen?»1 Reaktionen, die in eine der drei genannten Kategorien passen, finden sich auch für das Kino2 oder das Internet. 1 DeutschlandRadio Berlin, «KalenderBlatt« vom 14.6.2001. -
Cyber-Synchronicity: the Concurrence of the Virtual
Cyber-Synchronicity: The Concurrence of the Virtual and the Material via Text-Based Virtual Reality A dissertation presented to the faculty of the Scripps College of Communication of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Jeffrey S. Smith March 2010 © 2010 Jeffrey S. Smith. All Rights Reserved. This dissertation titled Cyber-Synchronicity: The Concurrence of the Virtual and the Material Via Text-Based Virtual Reality by JEFFREY S. SMITH has been approved for the School of Media Arts and Studies and the Scripps College of Communication by Joseph W. Slade III Professor of Media Arts and Studies Gregory J. Shepherd Dean, Scripps College of Communication ii ABSTRACT SMITH, JEFFREY S., Ph.D., March 2010, Mass Communication Cyber-Synchronicity: The Concurrence of the Virtual and the Material Via Text-Based Virtual Reality (384 pp.) Director of Dissertation: Joseph W. Slade III This dissertation investigates the experiences of participants in a text-based virtual reality known as a Multi-User Domain, or MUD. Through in-depth electronic interviews, staff members and players of Aurealan Realms MUD were queried regarding the impact of their participation in the MUD on their perceived sense of self, community, and culture. Second, the interviews were subjected to a qualitative thematic analysis through which the nature of the participant’s phenomenological lived experience is explored with a specific eye toward any significant over or interconnection between each participant’s virtual and material experiences. An extended analysis of the experiences of respondents, combined with supporting material from other academic investigators, provides a map with which to chart the synchronous and synonymous relationship between a participant’s perceived sense of material identity, community, and culture, and her perceived sense of virtual identity, community, and culture. -
The Decline of Mmos
The Decline of MMOs Prof. Richard A. Bartle University of Essex United Kingdom May 2013 Abstract Ten years ago, massively-multiplayer online role-playing games (MMOs) had a bright and exciting future. Today, their prospects do not look so glorious. In an effort to attract ever-more players, their gameplay has gradually been diluted and their core audience has deserted them. Now that even their sources of new casual players are drying up, MMOs face a slow and steady decline. Their problems are easy to enumerate: they cost too much to make; too many of them play the exact same way; new revenue models put off key groups of players; they lack immersion; they lack wit and personality; players have been trained to want experiences that they don’t actually want; designers are forbidden from experimenting. The solutions to these problems are less easy to state. Can anything be done to prevent MMOs from fading away? Well, yes it can. The question is, will the patient take the medicine? Introduction From their lofty position as representing the future of videogames, MMOs have fallen hard. Whereas once they were innovative and compelling, now they are repetitive and take-it-or-leave-it. Although they remain profitable at the moment, we know (from the way that the casual games market fragmented when it matured) that this is not sustainable in the long term: players will either leave for other types of game or focus on particular mechanics that have limited appeal or that can be abstracted out as stand-alone games (or even apps). -
Bit Y Aparte | N.º 1
SELLO ARSGAMES | Nº 1 | Enero 2014 Revista interdisciplinar de estudios videolúdicos EDITORIAL ARTE En el bit de Bit y aparte Hibridaciones contempo- / pág. 7 ráneas: el nuevo ambiente estético / pág. 8 María Luján Oulton / Eurídice Cabañes Martínez #ÍNDICE COMITÉ CIENTÍFICO ARTE EDUCACIÓN GÉNERO Implicaciones de aprender a God of War: consecuencias de Género y sexualidad más allá FLAVIO ESCRIBANO (España). Doctor por la Universidad Complu- crear videojuegos / pág. 22 la violencia a través de héroe de lo humano / pág. 50 tense de Madrid con la tesis doctoral “El videojuego como he- griego/ pág. 36 rramienta para la pedagogía artística. Innovación y creatividad”. Jacinto Quesnel Alvarez Juan Francisco Belmonte Ávila Begoña Cadiñanos Martínez / GRACIELA ESNAOLA (Argentina). Docente del Programa de Doc- Ruth García Martín torado “Formación del Profesorado en Entornos Virtuales”. Uni- versidad de Valencia. BIT Y APARTE GONZALO FRASCA (Uruguay). Catedrático de Videojuegos de la Facultad de Comunicación y Diseño de la Universidad ORT. Revista interdisciplinar de estudios videolúdicos ÓCAR GARCÍA PANELLA (España). Director del Grado en Vi- deojuegos de ENTIUB, del Máster en Gamificación ENTIUB y del Edita: Asociación ARSGAMES Máster en Gamifiación Online y Transmedia Storytelling de IEBS. Ilustración de la portada: PATRICIA GOUVEIA (Portugal). Profesora en el master de Arte digi- Juan Díaz-Faes GAME STUDIES GAME STUDIES INNOVACIÓN tal en la Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas. Universidade Evolución histórica de los CRPG Aprendizaje en MMOG Videojuegos, machinima y cine Diseño de portada, ilustración y Nova de Lisboa. (Computer Role-Playing Games) / pág. 84 clásico / pág. 94 producción gráfica: / pág. 64 MAR MARCOS MOLANO (España). Profesora Titular en la Facultad de SELLO ARSGAMES Ruth S. -
Case History
Page 1 of 15 Case History: Yinjie Soon STS 145, Winter 2002 Page 2 of 15 Yinjie Soon STS145: History of Computer Game Design Final Paper 12 February 2002 Case History Star Control II: The Ur-Quan Masters In July 1990, the two partners who formed the software company Toys for Bob released their first game, Star Control, under game publisher Accolade for the personal computer system. These two men – Paul Reiche III and Fred Ford – were big fans of science fiction, and in Reiche’s case, fantasy role playing games (especially Dungeons and Dragons). Unsurprisingly, the game had a strong science fiction theme and heavy doses of traditional role-playing elements, wherein the player controlled one of two sides in an effort to either take over the universe as the marauding conquerors of the Ur-Quan Hierarchy, or save the universe as the brave defenders of the Alliance of Free Stars. Star Control effectively interleaved elements of strategy and action; the player tried to outwit the opposing forces in various turn-based inter-planetary strategic scenarios, and subsequently engaged enemy ships in real-time “space melee” one-on-one spaceship dogfights, similar in style to Spacewar, the earliest of video games (Derrenbacker). Many of the sequel’s most interesting elements, such as the unique characteristics of each race’s ships and behaviors, were established in this game and would carry on to Star Control 2. Figures 1a and 1b show some scenes from Star Control, illustrating how advanced some of the graphics from the game were for the time (figure 1a is also an early manifestation of the creators’ sense of humor – the ship shown in the middle of the picture is the flagship of an all-female race of humanoids; the explanation behind the visual is left to the reader’s imagination.). -
Online Media Business Models: Lessons from the Video Game Sector
Komorowski, M and Delaere, S. (2016). Online Media Business Models: Lessons from the Video Game Sector. Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, 11(1), 103–123, DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.16997/wpcc.220 RESEARCH ARTICLE Online Media Business Models: Lessons from the Video Game Sector Marlen Komorowski and Simon Delaere imec-SMIT, Vrije Universiteit, Brussels, BE Corresponding author: Marlen Komorowski ([email protected]) Today’s media industry is characterized by disruptive changes and business models have been acknowledged as a driving force for success. Current business model research manages only to grasp static descriptions while in reality media managers are struggling with the dynamics of the industry. This article aims to close this gap by investigating a new paradigm of online media business models. Based on three video game case studies of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game genre, this article explores a novel theoretical approach to explain the changes that can be made within business models. The article highlights the importance of changing processes within online media business models and emphasises that the video game sector is at the forefront of business innovation. Finally, it demonstrates that online media business model change is in a trade-off paradigm between capturing or offering potentially higher value per player vs. accessing a potentially larger player-base. Key words: Media industry; business model; process; disruption; video game sector Introduction Today’s media industry is characterized by disruptive transformations shaped by digitization. Digitization is not only generating new business opportunities but threatens traditional commercialization strategies and is proving highly unpredictable with regards to future market development. -
Section One: Getting Started
Section One: Getting Started As you get started on your journey, you will be faced with a few decisions. Some of these will have minimal impact on your long term play, while others will play an important part in how you experience the game. This section will cover the first of those decisions – server (known as ‘shards’ in UO) selection, character creation, and an explanation of the different clients used to play the game (Classic and Enhanced). In this section we will also cover some of the most basic elements of the game that will be a foundation for understanding your new world. This will include basic movement controls, as well as how to use the overhead radar feature. Choose Your Client – Classic vs. Enhanced We will begin with an explanation of the two clients available for use with Ultima Online – the Classic Client and the Enhanced Client. Your choice of client will greatly affect how you view, and play, the game. The best part about having two different clients is that you are not bound to one or another – you are free to switch back and forth so long as you have both installed on your system. Following is a brief explanation of the differences between the two clients. Later in this section will be pictures illustrating some of the differences between the two clients. Classic Client The Classic Client is the original client used to play Ultima Online. It does not have as many features as the Enhanced Client, but is still preferred by many longtime players who favor its simpler nature and the nostalgia that comes with experiencing the game as it was originally intended. -
Openbsd Gaming Resource
OPENBSD GAMING RESOURCE A continually updated resource for playing video games on OpenBSD. Mr. Satterly Updated August 7, 2021 P11U17A3B8 III Title: OpenBSD Gaming Resource Author: Mr. Satterly Publisher: Mr. Satterly Date: Updated August 7, 2021 Copyright: Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal Email: [email protected] Website: https://MrSatterly.com/ Contents 1 Introduction1 2 Ways to play the games2 2.1 Base system........................ 2 2.2 Ports/Editors........................ 3 2.3 Ports/Emulators...................... 3 Arcade emulation..................... 4 Computer emulation................... 4 Game console emulation................. 4 Operating system emulation .............. 7 2.4 Ports/Games........................ 8 Game engines....................... 8 Interactive fiction..................... 9 2.5 Ports/Math......................... 10 2.6 Ports/Net.......................... 10 2.7 Ports/Shells ........................ 12 2.8 Ports/WWW ........................ 12 3 Notable games 14 3.1 Free games ........................ 14 A-I.............................. 14 J-R.............................. 22 S-Z.............................. 26 3.2 Non-free games...................... 31 4 Getting the games 33 4.1 Games............................ 33 5 Former ways to play games 37 6 What next? 38 Appendices 39 A Clones, models, and variants 39 Index 51 IV 1 Introduction I use this document to help organize my thoughts, files, and links on how to play games on OpenBSD. It helps me to remember what I have gone through while finding new games. The biggest reason to read or at least skim this document is because how can you search for something you do not know exists? I will show you ways to play games, what free and non-free games are available, and give links to help you get started on downloading them. -
“Lessons Learned, from Games Preserved”
“Lessons Learned, from Games Preserved” James “Ender” Brown Former Project Lead – http://www.scummvm.org/ [email protected] WhoWho AmAm II ● Grew up gaming and learning to code with the BBC Micro/Archimedes, Commodore 16(!) and Amiga – learnt Unix & VMS by doing naughty things to the Tassie VAX cluster (any locals remember davros and typhoon? :) ● Retro-Gaming Enthusiast by night, Systems Admin for a Perth-based Data Centre and Hosting Company by day ● Became Project Lead of ScummVM in Feb 2002, retiring as co-lead (from a team of 3) in Dec 2008 ● 10th linux.conf.au, first talk submission :) WhatWhat isis ScummVM?ScummVM? ● ScummVM is a collection of interpreter implementations for classic adventure games ● Founded by Ludwig ‘ludde’ Strivegus (uTorrent, OpenTTD, now at Spotify) in 2001, along with Vincent ‘yaz0r’ Hamm (now at Oculus), with the goal of building an interpreter for SCUMM-based games by LucasArts/LucasFilm games. ● Designed to be highly portable ● … evolved to become something much much more PortabilityPortability ● ScummVM architecture evolved early on to maximise portability by abstracting backend and common functions (‘Osystem’), with each port supplying a Osystem backend class (with platform specific overrides and subclassing where necessary) Osystem Backend Osystem Common Engine (Platform Specific) ● Carefully developed coding standards to encompass ‘lowest-common- denominator’ C++ implementations. No STL, Exceptions, etc http://wiki.scummvm.org/index.php/Coding_Conventions ● Ssennaidne ● Endianness ● Segment size limits on various platforms ReimplementingReimplementing EnginesEngines ● Most game studios developed their own engines, often used across a family of games. Examples: SCUMM (LucasArts), AGI/SCI (Sierra), Virtual Theatre (Revolution), AGOS (Adventure Soft) ● Reverse engineer: – Container files – Graphics formats (background, actors, sprites) – Audio formats (voice, sfx, music) – Scripting engine (where scripted..