Response to Its Real Developmental Needs
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Rock Island’s Historic Residential Neighborhoods, 1835-1955: A Summary Report BY JAMES E. JACOBSEN, HISTORY PAYS! March 11, 1999 Federal Assistance Acknowledgment and Title VI And Section 504 Nondiscrimination Notices The activity which is the subject of this project report has been financed in part with federal funds from the Department of the Interior, administered by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior nor the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior nor the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. The Illinois Historic Preservation Agency is an equal opportunity employer. This program receives Federal financial assistance for identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, as amended, the U. S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, disability, or age in its federally assisted programs. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further information, please write to Office for Equal Opportunity or Equal Employment Opportunity Officer National Park Service Illinois Historic Preservation Agency P. O. Box 37127 Old State Capitol Plaza Washington, D.C. 20013-7127 Springfield, IL 62701 Rock Island’s Historic Residential Neighborhoods,1835-1955: A Summary Report: Table of Contents: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: ....................................................................................................................................................2 SUMMARY OF NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES ELIGIBILITY RECOMMENDATIONS: ....................................................3 HISTORIC PRESERVATION IN ROCK ISLAND, 1980-1998: ........................................................................................6 THE CITY OF ROCK ISLAND: A HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL OVERVIEW WITH AN EMPHASIS ON RESIDENTIAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: ..................................................................................................8 GEOGRAPHICAL SETTING: ..........................................................................................................................................................8 GENERAL CITY GROWTH PATTERNS, 1835-1955: ....................................................................................................................11 City Land Annexations, 1835-1955: ...................................................................................................................................11 Street Railroads And City Growth: .....................................................................................................................................12 CITY GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT FROM THE EARLY 1800S TO 1903: ....................................................................................17 THE HOUSING BOOM IN ROCK ISLAND, C.1903-1919:..............................................................................................................24 WORLD WAR I-ERA GOVERNMENT SPONSORED HOUSING IN THE TRI-CITIES, 1918-1919: .....................................................31 POST-WORLD WAR I ROCK ISLAND GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT, 1919-1940: .....................................................................47 THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND ROCK ISLAND GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT, 1941-1945 .....................................................58 The Last Gasp of Normalcy, 1941: .....................................................................................................................................58 Federal and Local Mobilization for Another World War, the Defense Period, 1940-1941: ..............................................58 THE RETURN OF PEACE AND A PEACETIME ECONOMY, HOUSE CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT, 1946-1955: ..................70 HIGH STYLE RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE IN ROCK ISLAND, 1835 TO 1955: .............................................76 ROCK ISLAND HOUSE DESIGNERS AND BUILDERS: ...................................................................................................................80 ROCK ISLAND ARCHITECTURAL STYLES AND VERNACULAR HOUSE TYPES: ............................................97 MASTER STYLE AND TYPE LIST: ..............................................................................................................................................98 METHODOLOGY:.............................................................................................................................................................138 SURVEY AREAS: HISTORIC CONTEXTS AND EVALUATION RECOMMENDATIONS: ................................141 HISTORIC CONTEXTS: .............................................................................................................................................................141 SURVEY AREA REPORTS: .......................................................................................................................................................146 1. Longview Neighborhood Area: ...................................................................................................................................149 2. KeyStone/Edgewood Park and Brooks’ Grove Additions: ..........................................................................................164 3. Watch Hill/Hill Crest Additions: .................................................................................................................................173 4. Chicago Addition: ........................................................................................................................................................193 5. Stadium Drive Addition: ..............................................................................................................................................202 6. 1918 Government Housing: ........................................................................................................................................208 7. West Lawn Addition: ...................................................................................................................................................217 8. Eastlawn Addition: ......................................................................................................................................................224 9. KeyStone’s Park View Addition: .................................................................................................................................232 10. Bel-Aire Addition: .....................................................................................................................................................239 11. 30th Street Estates: ....................................................................................................................................................243 12. [Joseph] Burgart’s Additions: ...................................................................................................................................245 13. Wheelan’s Addition: ..................................................................................................................................................254 14. Sam Weisman’s Addition: ..........................................................................................................................................259 15. Elmore H. Stafford’s Addition: ..................................................................................................................................264 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ADDITIONAL SURVEY AND EVALUATION WORK: ..........................................266 BIBLIOGRAPHY: ..............................................................................................................................................................272 1 Rock Island’s Historic Residential Neighborhoods,1835-1955: A Summary Report: Executive Summary: The purpose of this survey and evaluation project was to make National Register of Historic Places (or local historic district and landmark) eligibility recommendations for sixteen surveyed residential neighborhoods in Rock Island, Illinois. Nine of these neighborhoods were surveyed in 1984, and one of these, Longview, was re-surveyed in 1998. Six neighborhoods were first surveyed in 1998. The 1998 survey work takes the historic residential survey program from the familiar ground of the Victorian-era high-style house into the less familiar 20th century suburban tract or small house. The neighborhoods which now are greater than 50 years of age (the accepted benchmark for eligibility for survey and study) are well within the oral history range of many living Americans. Consequently there is an excellent opportunity to connect history directly with living generations of Rock Island residents. These are the homes in which most of us spent and continue to spend our lives. The greater challenge always remains for the historic preservation movement to educate and guide the general public to help preserve and reuse our older properties and neighborhoods. These historic properties can and must perform the two-fold mission of connecting us with our living past while also continuing to fulfill