Guangzhou International Award for Urban Innovation Application Form 2012

A. Profile of the Initiative

Name of City/Community: Tehran Name of Province/State: Tehran Name of Country/Region: Iran Africa (Sub-Saharan) Asia and Pacific Geographic Region (Please East and Central Europe select and tick one): North Africa and Middle East North America Latin America & Caribbean Title, name and position of person(s) submitting: 1. 2.- 3.- Basic City Data: Population size: (2006) about 11,000,000 Surface Area: 1745150.00 (2010) Population Density: 10000/km (25,899/sq mi) GDP per capita:(PPP): $10600 (2010 est.) $10700 (2009 est.) $10800 (2008 est.) note: data are in 2010 US dollars Other: (please specify) The greater Tehran area is located at the foot slope of the Alborz Mountains, which forms part of the Alps–Himalaya Organic zone. This zone is one of high seismic potential with many peculiar active faults. The urban area of Tehran has been developed on alluvial layers, accumulated on hard rock through complex geological formations. According to historical seismic data, Tehran has suffered from several strong earthquakes with a return period of 150 years. Tehran’s population increased fifty folds from 200,000 in 1900 to10.3 millions in 1996, of which 6.8 millions live within the city limits of Tehran. In the same period, however, total population of Iran increased only five folds, from 9.8 million to 60 million. Tehran, which had only a 2% share in total population, now incorporates more than 15% share. Tehran has not experienced a disastrous earthquake since 1830. Urban development has been rapidly processing in Tehran without the development of proper disaster prevention and mitigation measures against potential earthquake. It is required not only to establish safe and secure urban environment but also empowering the civil society against potential earthquake.

B. Background Information:

Title of Slogan of the Initiative (25 words max.): Safe Emergency Evacuation Program in Tehran Neighbourhood Unit Start date of the initiative: 2009 Tentative end date of the initiative: 2011

Thematic area(s): Basic Definition of Evacuation in Tehran City o Actions to escape and protect oneself from secondary disasters This action starts immediately after the event to 72 hours. o Actions to take shelters at evacuation sites This action begins a few hours after the event to 72 hours. Emergency Evacuation: Place of avoiding disasters. Nearest open space / safe places are designated. Life protection is the highest priority, thus maintaining of living of life such as eating and sleeping are not secured. Temporary Shelter: To maintain temporary living of life, evacuation sites are operated. The duration of operation is (72) days after disaster.

C. Summary of the origins of the initiative: Close association of human living fate with natural and artificial surrounding environment has nowadays become one of the very serious issues, in general, and in urban development, specifically. City and urban environment are the most highlighted manifestation of human epiphany and tendency to civic and social life. City is developed both by its current relationships and activities, and by physical features. In other word, life and physical structure of the city have impact on each other. Citizens and their activities give spirit to city as “main factor” of its physical elements. Thus the way of designing urban spaces and quality of implementation of physical structure determines the extent of its vulnerability during disaster. Dissemination of culture of participation and assistance among local people and establishment of community based disaster management organizations is a must. Studies show that the societies that have already formulated their disaster preparedness plans have drastically reduced the losses and mal-coordination in their assigned tasks. Identification and design of safe local public spaces and proper planning for them may lead to establishment and organization of some potential capacities (safe emergency evacuation) in Mahalleh (N.H.U) centers, which in addition to protect the safety and mental health of citizens in urban areas. Safe evacuation local space is a place for interim gathering and grouping of Mahalleh (N.H.U) residents for the initial 72 hours after the event and in case of emergency to transfer them to temporary settlements. The local parks, sports grounds, schools and mosques may be appropriate options. In this respect, integration of spatial position of the safe emergency evacuation sites on city maps may lead to clear disaster vision, recognition of the existing conditions and promotion of safety culture among all citizens, urban planners and managers. Site selection and planning would be carried out on the basis of basic and primary needs of the citizens during the initial hours after the disaster. Then safe evacuation map is prepared and distributed to all residential units in the Mahalleh (N.H.U). Citizens also, will learn their individual role in the emergency evacuation process through information and training sessions. to be able to get themselves, by the most secure route, to the local safe evacuation camp and site. The evacuation places could act as multi-purpose spaces for supporting many social activities and to increasing social intimacy among Mahalleh (N.H.U) residents and to increase participation of citizen in voluntary activities for earthquake preparedness. Creation a sense of self believes among the local communities and people is the grate feedback of this project. Processes of the plan implementation include: analysis and estimation of the existing conditions – preparation of Mahalleh (N.H.U) identification map – site selection and identification of open spaces as safe emergency evacuation centers – vulnerability and seismic resistance assessment - preparation of safe emergency evacuation map - information and public training at Mahalleh (N.H.U) level - formulation of scenario and implementation of exercise in the Mahalleh (N.H.U)

Describe how the initiative came about and what challenges or issues of sustainable development it is meant to address using the following lead questions as your guide (350 words max).

Processes of the plan implementation include: analysis and estimation of the existing conditions – preparation of Mahalleh (N.H.U) identification map – site selection and identification of open spaces as safe emergency evacuation centers – vulnerability and seismic resistance assessment - preparation of safe emergency evacuation map - information and public training at Mahalleh (N.H.U) level - formulation of scenario and implementation of exercise in the Mahalleh (N.H.U)

Correlation of achievement to the strategic goals and priority actions of Hyogo frame work for action: One of the main priority action to meet the strategic goals of Hyogo framework; "the more effective integration of disaster consideration in to sustainable development policies, planning and programming, at all levels, with ……………………" is strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels. Due to this reason the involvement of public participation as well as capacity building of N.H.U`s in term of development of physical structure of city, act important role in preparedness and risk reduction. which should be considering in the process of planning and programming at all levels with a special emphasis on disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness and vulnerability reduction of N.H.U`s in Mega cities like Tehran. The achievements of this project also linked to the two part of 10 point checklist for making cities resilience: (7) Ensure education programmes & training on disaster risk reduction are in place in schools and local communities (10) After any disaster, ensure that the needs of the affected population are at the centre of reconstruction. The ultimate users of this project are the general public and Tehran citizens. The key element of related activities is the information dissemination and training through which communities will prepared in well planned manner for emergency response. It is covering all the stakeholders and residents of N.H.U`s from schools children, residents of houses or housing complexes, business mans and shop keepers in commercial centers, local societies and NGO`s and general public at cultural, sports, recreational and religious centers, all together will trained in term of gaining knowledge for disaster risk reduction which may raise their awareness and capacity during the short term. But it is the initial point to promote their interest and willingness to know more and how to act and to be able to response effectively during the emergencies.

1. Describe briefly the reason(s) for undertaking initiative including challenge(s) or issues confronting the city/region/community. Include where relevant number of people, enterprises or institutions affected.

Project Objective: o Improvement of Emergency Response during the 72 hours after an earthquake o Improvement of Emergency Response of TDMMO and other related organizations o Fulfillment of necessary measures to improve the capacity of Emergency Response (i.e. to specify the Evacuation centers, information distribution, evacuation drill, etc.) o Improvement of public preparedness against disaster.

Improvement of Emergency Evacuation Plan and Capacity: These reports mainly focused on description the third part of project. The main objective of plan is preparation, planning and designing the possible methods for evacuation, transfer, and settlement 3

of Tehran citizens in nearest identified, safe and well equipped places in N.H.U during the Disaster. 2. Describe the goals of the initiative in terms of desired change or outcome and timeframe for achieving the change or outcome (for example, change in policy, strategy, business model, technology, means of implementation, financing arrangements, measuring and evaluating, etc.)

Minor goals: - Recognition of the vulnerability rate of neighbourhoods - Specification of the probable rate of damages incurred on the neighbourhood by earthquake - Identification of emergency evacuation routes towards safe emergency evacuation centers - Identify safe evacuation centers intended for emergency settlement after disaster (Park and schools) - Enhance awareness level and recognition neighbourhood people - Identify strengths and weaknesses of the neighbourhood - Training the people to take the required actions before and during incident - Persuade group participation to do teamwork - Introduction to map making and reading

Project implementation scope: All neighbourhoods in Tehran. 27 Map published. all survey & designation N.H.U is done. 95 Map is in graphic process. 3. List the parties and partners to the initiative (specify public, private, non-governmental, individual, etc.) and who is or was the leading partner(s) and the role they each played.

Project beneficiaries: Neighbourhood residents, students, teachers, neighbourhood council members, Basij (NGO`s) members, sports-cultural hall members, parent-teacher association members, neighbourhood trustees, health house attendants, local associations or societies and ...

4. Describe the resources used for implementing the initiative including funding/financing strategy or arrangements and Include any significant contributions that are not in cash, for example, in human, technical or managerial resources.

-Financial Resources: Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO) -Human Resources: Neighbourhood residents, students, teachers, neighbourhood council members, Basij (NGO`s) members, sports-cultural hall members, parent-teacher association members, neighbourhood trustees, health house attendants, local associations or societies and ...

D. Summary of the innovation for the initiative: Describe the innovation for the initiative using the following lead questions as a guide (350 words max). 1. Describe whether the initiative should be considered evolutionary or revolutionary. Evolutionary would imply that innovation evolved over time based on lessons learned from experience and that the changes or outcomes are cumulative. Revolutionary would imply something quite new or something that has been borrowed from elsewhere but never been tried before in the sector or context in question and therefore bears a certain degree of risk.

This project is according to learning from Past Disaster: What caused to kill People in Kobe Earthquake? 61% of total Number of Dead people were killed in first 15 minutes after an earthquake happen

and 26% killed later. Most of people killed by Great Hanshin Earthquake were Instant Death in their own Houses. Or Most of people killed by BAM Earthquake were instant death in their own houses.

Scenario Ray Fault Model in Tehran (Master Plan Study on Urban Seismic Disaster Prevention for Tehran) Building Damage: 483000 (55%) Number of Death: 383000 (6%)

What kind of measures can be considered to minimize instant death? How to prevent lives killed within 15minutes? • By education and raising the Disaster Preparedness awareness in communities How to prevent lives killed within 6 hours?

2. Describe where the innovation is being applied, for example, in policy, strategy, implementation, financing arrangement, technology, governance and administration, planning and design, etc.

Identification and design of safe local public spaces and proper planning for them may lead to establishment and organization of some potential capacities (safe emergency evacuation) in Mahalleh (N.H.U) centers, which in addition to protect the safety and mental health of citizens in urban areas. Safe evacuation local space is a place for interim gathering and grouping of Mahalleh (N.H.U) residents for the initial 72 hours after the event and in case of emergency to transfer them to temporary settlements. The local parks, sports grounds, schools and mosques may be appropriate options. In this respect, integration of spatial position of the safe emergency evacuation sites on city maps may lead to clear disaster vision, recognition of the existing conditions and promotion of safety culture among all citizens, urban planners and managers. Site selection and planning would be carried out on the basis of basic and primary needs of the citizens during the initial hours after the disaster. Then safe evacuation map is prepared and distributed to all residential units in the mahalleh (N.H.U). Citizens also, will learn their individual role in the emergency evacuation process through information and training sessions. to be able to get themselves, by the most secure route, to the local safe evacuation camp and site. The evacuation places could act as multi-purpose spaces for supporting many social activities and to increasing social intimacy among Mahalleh (N.H.U) residents and to increase participation of citizen in voluntary activities for earthquake preparedness.

3. Describe whether the innovation was inspired or borrowed from other experiences and how was the linkage with the other experiences made. Similarly, describe whether other parties have benefited or are benefiting from your innovation and how?

The Seismic MicroZonning Study for Grater Tehran Area (1999-2000 with cooperation JICA

Study Team and Tehran Municipality) was the first key initial projects for establishment and development of Disaster Management System in Tehran. The result of this project were emphasising on vulnerability of different part of Tehran area against Earthquake Hazard. The second project was the Comprehensive Master Plan Study on Urban Seismic Disaster Prevention and Management for the Tehran Area; in order to formulate systematic seismic disaster management plan. The objective of this study was preparation of plan and program for reducing the vulnerability of Tehran city and it`s population. The outcome of project was identification, selection and implementation of the priority project in order to reduce disaster risk in term of earthquake happen and for improvement of emergency response activities. According to the result of master plan study “Establishment of Tehran’s capacity of emergency response plan for the first 72 hours after an earthquake” was proposed as a one of the most important project for the implementation regarding to reduction the impact of Earthquake Disaster and promotion the preparedness measures.

4. Describe whether there was or is any obstacles or resistance to the innovation and if so, how it was or is being overcome.

This project doesn't have any serious obstacles; but the encouraging and involvement of some N.H.U citizens in some N.H.U`s is difficult according to social-economical and cultural feature of the area.

E. Summary of the desired change or outcome and how it is being measured

Describe how the initiative, and in particular the innovation, is or will be making a qualitative and/or quantitative change and how that change or outcome is being measured (350 words max)

1. What change(s) or outcome have you already achieved or hope to achieve. Please describe the nature of the change or outcome in, new urban quality of life, new levels of social, economic or environmental sustainability including new attitudes and behaviour, improved efficiency, effectiveness, accountability or transparency, etc. Please also describe the scale of the change, for example, primarily local, regional, national or global.

Achievements of Safe Evacuation Plan for N.H.U`s in Tehran • Indicating of the "SEEC" on city maps may lead to clear disaster vision, recognition of the existing conditions & promotion of safety culture among all citizens, urban planners and managers • Improvement of self-sufficiency, strengthening self-relief and public participatory activities • Reduction of tentative losses caused by disaster • Legalize and regular the emergency response for disaster preparedness • Identification of stakeholders • Improvement of N.H.U`s capacities in term of emergency shelter and related equipment • Improvement the capacity of emergency response of local responsible agencies • Development a common vision and sense of collaboration among the N.H.U`s (Mahaleh) residents • Development a decentralized D&M structure, operation and establish communication b/w local levels and governmental organizations • Development of communication b/w different N.H.U`s (Mahaleh) residents.

2. What measurements or metrics are you using to assess the change? Describe who is doing the measuring and who is using the measurements and how.

After preparation, distribution and conducting the drill in 5 N.H.U in pilot phase evaluation has done by JICA headquarter technical team. 3. Describe any specific tools or methods that were developed or applied to improve the chances or attaining the desired outcome or change, for example, new working methods, new data and information, new incentives or disincentives, new means of communications and knowledge, etc.

The main important tools in all steps of this project is "Public Participation method": ✓ Field Visit (Town Watching) ✓ Development of evacuation map and instruction for the residents in pilot areas ✓ Identification of safe places as evacuation centers ✓ Preparation of safe evacuation maps ✓ Preparation of safe emergency evacuation guideline and instruction ✓ Distribution of Safe Emergency Evacuation Maps ✓ Information dissemination and training ✓ Implementation of public participatory safe emergency evacuation Drill 4. How does the initiative and its intended change(s) or outcomes contribute to a new image or reputation for your city or community?

✓ Creation of sense of attachment and strengthening participatory mentality among public. ✓ Broadcasting and its important role in the process of the project (Information dissemination and public announcement). ✓ Collaboration with local and national media as partner in disaster preparedness, initiatives to disseminate information on the positive results of emergency planning as well as to educate the population on survival techniques. ✓ Existence of coordination staff of the districts municipalities as a potential and reliable supports. ✓ Existence of Mahaleh (N.H.U) council as a potential and reliable supports. ✓ Existence of N.H.U`s Emergency Volunteers Dawam as a reliable supports.

F. Detailed description of the initiative and innovation

Choose any of the above headings or a particular aspect of the initiative that you wish to highlight and that you think best describes the reasons why the innovative aspect(s) of the initiative could be of benefit to other cities, regions, communities or parties (400 words maximum).

The direct impact of implementation on N.H.U`s this project are as follow: Human resources development: The process of training individuals with the understanding skills and access to information, and knowledge, enables them to perform effectively. Organizational development: The elaboration of local management structures, process and procedures, not only within neighbors but also with local authorities and even with establishment of relationships between different local organization and local sectors (Public and Private Communities) "Linking individual capacities whit institutions and systems at N.H.U`s scale and the city wide".

Sustainable implementation of disaster risk reduction at a community level ✓ This project is one of the main strategic projects of TDMMO in order to increase the capacity building of city and its inhabitants, to reduce the vulnerability and promote the public preparedness, against the earthquake hazards. ✓ It is human- centered development strategy which emphasis on improvement of performance of city and it`s inhabitants. ✓ Capacity building takes a long time and requires a long term commitment from all involved success of capacity building efforts should not be measured in term of disbursements or outputs with little attention to sustainability. ✓ These results can be measured, but they require a broader selection of measurement and indicators than only quantitative ones. ✓ This plan will progressively develop institutional capacity to meet the changing need of the developing system from one N.H.U`s to another. ✓ The direct result of implementation of this project is: Human Resources Development ✓ This new approach not only is suitable for planning of safer physical structure of the city but also it is an appropriate tool for awareness raising of local societies and communities in term of disaster preparedness due to below factors. ✓ The evacuation places could act as multi-purpose spaces for many activities and increasing social intimacy among Mahalleh (N.H.U) residents. ✓ To increase partnership of citizens membership in the community and their voluntary activities for earthquake preparedness. ✓ Creation a sense of self believes among the local communities and people is the great feedback of this project.

G. Descriptive material in annex to the document (Optional)

These are materials destined to allow members of the Technical Committee to have a rapid visual or graphic view of your initiative. Additional material can be submitted in DVD or CD formats. Please do not exceed the specifications below; anything that exceeds these specifications will not be forwarded to the Technical Committee or Jury. Please provide, where possible, the following: اسناد مورد نیاز برای استفاده اعضای کمیته فنی جهت کمک به بررسی سریع یا ایجاد درک گرافیکی از ابتکار ارسالی شما. اسناد دیگر را می توان در فرمت های DVD or CD ارسال نمود. لطفا به مقررات ذیل توجه نمایید. هر موردی که از ضوابط یاد شده تخطی نماید به کمیته فنی یا هیات داوری ارسال نخواهد شد. ·2 photos that best illustrate the initiative (.jpeg at 72. dpi, 500 x 700 px maximum) preferably embedded in one (1) A4 page عکس ها می بایست به بهترین شکلی آن ابتکار را نمایش دهند (jpeg at 72. dpi, 500 x 700 px maximum.) ترجیحا در یک صفحهA4 ·1 graphic that best illustrates the initiative (.pdf format, 72 dpi, A4 size max) تصاویر گرافیکی که به بهترین شکلی ان آبتکار را ب تصویر می کشند )فرمت dpi ،pdf 72و حداکثر اندازه A4( ·1 map that best illustrates the initiative (.pdf format, 72 dpi, A4 max) نقشه هایی که به بهترین شکل آن ابتکار را نشان می دهند )فرمت dpi ،pdf 72و حداکثر اندازه A4 ( ·1 chart that best illustrates the initiative (.pdf format, 72 dpi, A4 max) جداولی که که به بهترین شکل آن ابتکار را نشان می دهند )فرمت dpi ،pdf 72و حداکثر اندازه A4 ( ·1 technical drawing reduced to fit A4 format طرح های فنی می بایست تا حدی که در اندازه A4 جای بگیرند کوچک نمود