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Riviera Paklenica
MTB 04* Velebit 3 Road 02* Paklenica 1 This attractive trail through the peaks and slopes of the southern Velebit moun- This bike route is intended for riders who prefer a long, constant but not too tain will be especially appealing to the MTB and trekking riders in better physi- steep ascent. In addition, you will get the chance to see Velebit mountain cal condition for whom long ascents do not represent a greater problem. From range both from the southern and from the northern side. After the start in the sea level start on almost 1000 m hights, beautiful panoramic views of the Starigrad, the route will first take you to the Adriatic road (Jadranska magis- Velebit canal and the Zadar archipelago will help you master a long ascent with- trala) right on the coast until you reach Rovenska and then you will start to out shades. Reaching the highest peak brings the reward of temperature differ- slightly ascent the Zrmanja Canyon up to the highest point (765 m), followed ence and awe of Tulove grede towers. Long serpentine descent to the Zrmanja by 11 km of well-deserved descent towards Gračac and Ričice lake. canyon will surely put a smile on your face. Given that there are no springs nor Start/Finish Starigrad Length 52.5 km gastronomic facilities on the trail, make sure to bring enough liquids. * Via Jasenice - Zaton Physical Difficulty 2/3 Route to be marked by Start/Finish Rovanjska Length 51 km Obrovački - Elevation 831 m Discover MTB, ROAD or FAMILY the end of Via Libinjska kosa - Physical Difficulty 3/3 Gračac - Štikada 2020. -
Framing Croatia's Politics of Memory and Identity
Workshop: War and Identity in the Balkans and the Middle East WORKING PAPER WORKSHOP: War and Identity in the Balkans and the Middle East WORKING PAPER Author: Taylor A. McConnell, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh Title: “KRVatska”, “Branitelji”, “Žrtve”: (Re-)framing Croatia’s politics of memory and identity Date: 3 April 2018 Workshop: War and Identity in the Balkans and the Middle East WORKING PAPER “KRVatska”, “Branitelji”, “Žrtve”: (Re-)framing Croatia’s politics of memory and identity Taylor McConnell, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh Web: taylormcconnell.com | Twitter: @TMcConnell_SSPS | E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This paper explores the development of Croatian memory politics and the construction of a new Croatian identity in the aftermath of the 1990s war for independence. Using the public “face” of memory – monuments, museums and commemorations – I contend that Croatia’s narrative of self and self- sacrifice (hence “KRVatska” – a portmanteau of “blood/krv” and “Croatia/Hrvatska”) is divided between praising “defenders”/“branitelji”, selectively remembering its victims/“žrtve”, and silencing the Serb minority. While this divide is partially dependent on geography and the various ways the Croatian War for Independence came to an end in Dalmatia and Slavonia, the “defender” narrative remains preeminent. As well, I discuss the division of Croatian civil society, particularly between veterans’ associations and regional minority bodies, which continues to disrupt amicable relations among the Yugoslav successor states and places Croatia in a generally undesired but unshakable space between “Europe” and the Balkans. 1 Workshop: War and Identity in the Balkans and the Middle East WORKING PAPER Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................................... -
Additional Pleading of the Republic of Croatia
international court of Justice case concerning the application of the convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide (croatia v. serBia) ADDITIONAL PLEADING OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA volume 1 30 august 2012 international court of Justice case concerning the application of the convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide (croatia v. serBia) ADDITIONAL PLEADING OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA volume 1 30 august 2012 ii iii CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 section i: overview and structure 1 section ii: issues of proof and evidence 3 proof of genocide - general 5 ictY agreed statements of fact 6 the ictY Judgment in Gotovina 7 additional evidence 7 hearsay evidence 8 counter-claim annexes 9 the chc report and the veritas report 9 reliance on ngo reports 11 the Brioni transcript and other transcripts submitted by the respondent 13 Witness statements submitted by the respondent 14 missing ‘rsK’ documents 16 croatia’s full cooperation with the ictY-otp 16 the decision not to indict for genocide and the respondent’s attempt to draw an artificial distinction Between the claim and the counter-claim 17 CHAPTER 2: CROATIA AND THE ‘RSK’/SERBIA 1991-1995 19 introduction 19 section i: preliminary issues 20 section ii: factual Background up to operation Flash 22 serb nationalism and hate speech 22 serbian non-compliance with the vance plan 24 iv continuing human rights violations faced by croats in the rebel serb occupied territories 25 failure of the serbs to demilitarize 27 operation maslenica (January 1993) -
Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies Central European Studies Charles W
Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies Central European Studies Charles W. Ingrao, senior editor Gary B. Cohen, editor Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies A Scholars’ Initiative Edited by Charles Ingrao and Thomas A. Emmert United States Institute of Peace Press Washington, D.C. D Purdue University Press West Lafayette, Indiana Copyright 2009 by Purdue University. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Second revision, May 2010. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies: A Scholars’ Initiative / edited by Charles Ingrao and Thomas A. Emmert. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-55753-533-7 1. Yugoslavia--History--1992-2003. 2. Former Yugoslav republics--History. 3. Yugoslavia--Ethnic relations--History--20th century. 4. Former Yugoslav republics--Ethnic relations--History--20th century. 5. Ethnic conflict-- Yugoslavia--History--20th century. 6. Ethnic conflict--Former Yugoslav republics--History--20th century. 7. Yugoslav War, 1991-1995. 8. Kosovo War, 1998-1999. 9. Kosovo (Republic)--History--1980-2008. I. Ingrao, Charles W. II. Emmert, Thomas Allan, 1945- DR1316.C66 2009 949.703--dc22 2008050130 Contents Introduction Charles Ingrao 1 1. The Dissolution of Yugoslavia Andrew Wachtel and Christopher Bennett 12 2. Kosovo under Autonomy, 1974–1990 Momčilo Pavlović 48 3. Independence and the Fate of Minorities, 1991–1992 Gale Stokes 82 4. Ethnic Cleansing and War Crimes, 1991–1995 Marie-Janine Calic 114 5. The International Community and the FRY/Belligerents, 1989–1997 Matjaž Klemenčič 152 6. Safe Areas Charles Ingrao 200 7. The War in Croatia, 1991–1995 Mile Bjelajac and Ozren Žunec 230 8. Kosovo under the Milošević Regime Dusan Janjić, with Anna Lalaj and Besnik Pula 272 9. -
Memorial of the Republic of Croatia
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE CASE CONCERNING THE APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION ON THE PREVENTION AND PUNISHMENT OF THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE (CROATIA v. YUGOSLAVIA) MEMORIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA APPENDICES VOLUME 5 1 MARCH 2001 II III Contents Page Appendix 1 Chronology of Events, 1980-2000 1 Appendix 2 Video Tape Transcript 37 Appendix 3 Hate Speech: The Stimulation of Serbian Discontent and Eventual Incitement to Commit Genocide 45 Appendix 4 Testimonies of the Actors (Books and Memoirs) 73 4.1 Veljko Kadijević: “As I see the disintegration – An Army without a State” 4.2 Stipe Mesić: “How Yugoslavia was Brought Down” 4.3 Borisav Jović: “Last Days of the SFRY (Excerpts from a Diary)” Appendix 5a Serb Paramilitary Groups Active in Croatia (1991-95) 119 5b The “21st Volunteer Commando Task Force” of the “RSK Army” 129 Appendix 6 Prison Camps 141 Appendix 7 Damage to Cultural Monuments on Croatian Territory 163 Appendix 8 Personal Continuity, 1991-2001 363 IV APPENDIX 1 CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS1 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE CHRONOLOGY BH Bosnia and Herzegovina CSCE Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe CK SKJ Centralni komitet Saveza komunista Jugoslavije (Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia) EC European Community EU European Union FRY Federal Republic of Yugoslavia HDZ Hrvatska demokratska zajednica (Croatian Democratic Union) HV Hrvatska vojska (Croatian Army) IMF International Monetary Fund JNA Jugoslavenska narodna armija (Yugoslav People’s Army) NAM Non-Aligned Movement NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation -
Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia (2017 – 2030)
Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia (2017 – 2030) Republic of Croatia MINISTRY OF THE SEA, TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia (2017 - 2030) 2nd Draft April 2017 The project is co-financed by the European Union from the European Regional Development Fund. Republic of Croatia Ministry of the Sea, Transport and Infrastructure I Transport Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia (2017 – 2030) TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background on development of a Croatian Comprehensive National Transport Plan .................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives of the Transport Development Strategy (TDS 2016) ............................. 4 1.3 Revision of the TDS (2016) Ex-Ante conditionality .................................................. 4 1.4 Methodology for the development of the TDS (2016) ............................................ 5 2 Analysis .................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 General aspects of transport ................................................................................... 7 2.2 Public transport and zero-emission modes ........................................................... 34 2.3 Rail Transport......................................................................................................... 72 2.4 Road transport -
Than 60 Years of Experience
Inženjerski projektni zavod d.d. Prilaz baruna Filipovića 21, 10000 Zagreb More than Phone: 00385 1 3717 300 60 years of experience Fax.: 00385 1 3717 309 E-mail: [email protected] in infrastructure engineering design! www.ipz.hr 02 // Company Profile 03 Inzenjerski projektni zavod is a company specialized in infrastructure engineering design and has been active in this field for over 60 years now. The Government of the Republic of Croatia has established IPZ in 1948 as a national company for development of all kinds of designs for roads, road structures and water engineering facilities. Actively participating in the reconstruction of the country that has suffered huge destruction in the war and in the modernization of the traffic infrastructure in Croatia and in other countries of the former Yugoslavia, IPZ has over the period of sixty-two years developed more than 7,200 studies, conceptual designs, investment programmes, preliminary, main and capital investment designs, expert opinions and other pieces of technical documentation. 04 // Company Profile 05 IPZ has designed more than 50% or all roads and 1993. motorways in the Republic of Croatia, as well as the first motorway in the former Yugoslavia, several hundreds of bridges, many tunnels, several dozens of engineering structures, ranging from industrial plants to transformer stations, thousands Vrbovec of kilometres of water supply and sewer systems, hundreds of Sv. Helena water tanks, etc. Gornja Ploča Gračac An important date in the development of IPZ is the year 1993, when IPZ was privatized and transformed into a joint stock company owned by the former and present employees. -
Monitoring Performance of Large Croatian Bridges
Monitoring performance of large Croatian bridges Jelena Bleiziffer and Jure Radic Institute IGH, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Croatia University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia ABSTRACT: The paper discusses monitoring performance of seven reinforced concrete arch bridges in Croatia. The bridges are vital links in road network system. Systematic approach in planning of bridge maintenance activities is essential for efficient bridge management. Structural health monitoring techniques may be implemented to improve maintenance management. Monitoring systems for long-term control of stresses, strains and corrosion progress have been installed on three major Croatian reinforced concrete arch bridges. Further research is required to develop monitoring strategy addressing the entire bridge stock. 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Croatian road network As in most European countries, road network is by far the most important element of land transport in Croatia. According to Croatian legislation, public roads are classified as (Official Gazette RoC, 2008): (1) motorways (1.200 km); (2) state roads (6.800 km); (3) county roads (10.800 km); (3) local roads (10.300 km). Generally, motorway network contributes most to the efficiency of transport, which in turn is of utmost importance for economic and social development of a country. Over the last decades Croatia made large investments in construction of motorways (Fig.1), which would integrate the most distant parts of the country and provide for quick, easy and comfortable transportation of people, goods and services. With the total planned length of 1.500 km, the Croatian motorway network may not seem long, but it is worth mentioning that Croatia already has more kilometres of motorways per 100.000 citizens than, for instance, UK, Ireland, Greece or Italy. -
5Th International Progeo Symposium on Conservation of the Geological Heritage 1St-5Th October 2008 Rab Island, Croatia
5th International ProGEO Symposium on Conservation of the Geological Heritage 1st-5th October 2008 Rab Island, Croatia The Organizing Committee, on behalf of the ProGEO-Croatia and the ProGEO European Association for the Conservation of the Geological Heritage, welcomes all professionals and students whose work/research is dedicated or related to Nature conservation, geotourism, life-learning programs, education, management, sustainable development, planning and decision-making to participate in the 5th International Symposium on Conservation of the Geological Heritage. The Symposium will take place in the city of Rab, on the Rab Island in northeastern Adriatic Sea, Croatia, October 1st-5th, 2008. THE MAIN AIMS OF THE CONFERENCE: * To celebrate the International Year of Planet Earth by Symposium outreach activities * To discuss threats and site loss, and constraints imposed by town and country (spatial) planning * To promote activities of ProGEO working groups on European geosites * To encourage national geoparks projects in the framework of sustainable development * To discuss legal frameworks of national geoparks and their practical management * To enhance geotourism and its potentials for regional developments * To improve quality of communication between geoconservationists and the public The island of Rab hosts a national Geopark and celebrates 120 years of tourism in 2008. The population of ca. 9000 inhabitants are proud of their cultural and natural heritage, and the island serves as a good example of sustainable development. Second -
University of Zadar UNIVERSITY of ZADAR International Relations Office & ESN Zadar
University of Zadar UNIVERSITY OF ZADAR International Relations Office & ESN Zadar INTERNATIONAL STUDENT GUIDE 2017/2018 Publisher: University of Zadar ESN Zadar For publisher: Prof. Diana Vican, Ph.D., rector Editorial Board and Translation: Maja Kolega, head of the International Relations Office Rafaela Burmeta, international relations officer Language editor and proof-reader: Maja Kolega, head of the International Relations Office Graphic design and layout: Ines Bralić Printed by: Grafikart d.o.o., Zadar Edition: 300 Zadar, August 2017 Funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union Rector’s welcome Dear students, First of all I would like to thank you for choosing our University for your international mobility. It is my great pleasure and honour to welcome you to the University of Zadar, the follower of the long academic tradition started in Zadar in 1396 by establishment of the Dominican University Univeritas Iadeartina. I wish you a pleasant and fruitful stay. I hope that, apart the professional and academic knowledge, you will learn a lot about Croatia, Zadar and Croatian culture and make a lot of lifelong friends. I’m sure you will enjoy all the occasions that our city and our university offer you in your free time. You will have an opportunity to present your university and your country, and this will help your Croatian colleagues to improve their knowledge of your homeland and culture. Overall I hope that this will be joyful and rewarding experience and that you’ll become one of the ambassadors of the University of Zadar in the world. Have a joyful and pleasant stay! Prof. -
From Ottawa to Sarajevo
FROM OTTAWA TO SARAJEVO FROM OTTAWA TO SARAJEVO CANADIAN PEACEKEEPERS IN THE BALKANS Dawn M. Hewitt Centre for International Relations, Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada 1998 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Hewitt, Dawn M. From Ottawa to Sarajevo : Canadian peacekeepers in the Balkans (Martello papers ; 18) ISBN 0-88911-788-8 1. United Nations – Armed Forces. 2. United Nations – Canada. 3. Canada – Armed Forces – Bosnia and Hercegovina. 4. Canada – Armed Forces – Croatia. 5. Canada – Armed Forces – Yugoslavia. I. Queen’s University (Kingston, Ont.). Centre for International Relations. II. Title. III. Series. JX1981.P7H49 1997 355.3’57’0971 C97-932224-3 © Copyright 1998 Dedication To my parents, Msgt (ret) Norman E. Hewitt and Mrs Ruth Kane Hewitt The way of arms and arts as the way of the warrior is a constant precept that needs no detailing. Keep arts at your left side, arms by your right, the two must complement each other, without one the other can not be. Hojo Code The Martello Papers This is the eighteenth in a series of security studies published over the past several years by the Queen’s University Centre for International Relations (QCIR), under the general title of the Martello Papers. “From Ottawa to Sarajevo” is a detailed, empirical examination of Canadian participation in UN peacekeeping efforts in the former Yugoslavia between 1992 and 1995, written by a US Air Force officer, Major Dawn Hewitt, who served as Visiting Defence Fellow at the Centre during the 1996-97 academic year. Peacekeeping, by all accounts, has become increasingly complex since the end- ing of the Cold War, and as Major Hewitt’s monograph reveals, nowhere have those complexities and frustrations been more apparent than in the former Yugo- slavia. -
Homogenization of Driving Conditions When Incoming Wind Angles and Intensity Change Significantly
Safety and Security Engineering 613 Homogenization of driving conditions when incoming wind angles and intensity change significantly G. Gjetvaj Water Research Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb, Croatia Abstract Bora is a local, changeable wind that significantly decreases traffic security on the Zagreb-Split motorway on the south side of the Velebit Mountain. On the road section tunnel Sv. Rok - knot Posedarje, the wind velocity increases from near zero in tunnels up to wind gusts of 69 m/s near the bridges. The incoming wind direction varies from parallel to perpendicular to the road axes. As a result of such meteorological conditions, some incidents occur. For that reason the motorway has often been closed to certain categories of vehicle, or even to all traffic, during periods of strong wind. The goal of the described project was to design windbreaks that would decrease wind force and moment acting on the vehicles in such a way that the side wind does not exceed the prescribed value. In this paper a new procedure for homogenization of driving conditions when wind direction and intensity change significantly was developed. Four different types of windbreaks are proposed, based on the results of computer simulation and wind tunnel tests. The proposed windbreaks will significantly increase safety on the motorway during strong Bora. Keywords: windbreaks, driving conditions, Bora. 1 Introduction The newly built section of the motorway Zagreb-Split from the St. Rok tunnel to the Posedarje knot passes through the southern slope of the Velebit in the area where gale-force Bora often occurs with the strongest measured squalls of 69 m/s (248 km/h).