DOCSLIB.ORG

Thinking Smarter About Defense

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Thinking Smarter About Defense Arming the Heavens: A Preliminary Assessment of the Potential Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Space-Based Weapons Steven M. Kosiak Thinking Center for Strategic Smarter and Budgetary Assessments About Defense CSBA CSBAonline.org Arming the Heavens: A Preliminary Assessment of the Potential Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Space-Based Weapons Steven M. Kosiak 2007 ABOUT The CENTER FOR STRATEGIC AND BUDGETARY AssessMENTS The Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments is an independent, non-partisan policy research institute established to promote innovative thinking and debate about national security strategy and investment options. CSBA’s goal is to enable policymakers to make informed decisions in matters of strategy, security policy, and resource allocation. CSBA provides timely, impartial and insightful analyses to senior decision makers in the executive and legislative branches, as well as to the media and the broader national security establishment. CSBA encourages thoughtful participation in the development of national security strategy and policy, and in the allocation of scarce human and capital resources. CSBA’s analysis and outreach focuses on key questions related to existing and emerging threats to US national security. Meeting these challenges will require transforming the national security establishment, and we are devoted to helping achieve this end. CSBA is directed by Dr. Andrew F. Krepinevich and funded by foundation, corporate and individual grants and contributions, and government contracts. The analysis and findings presented here are solely the re-sponsibility of the Center for Strategic and the Budgetary Assessments and the authors. 1667 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington, DC 20006 Tel. 202-331-7990 Fax 202-331-8019 http://www.CSBAonline.org Contents Executive Summary ........................................................ i Space-Based Ballistic Missile Defense Systems .................... iv Space-Based Systems for Attacking Terrestrial Targets .......... v Space-Based ASAT Systems ............................................ vii Using Space-Based Weapons to Protect US Satellite Capabilities .................................................................... ix Introduction ................................................................... 1 Chapter 1: Space-Based Ballistic Missile Defenses ......... 7 Overview of Space-Based Ballistic Missile Defenses .............. 8 Space-Based Kinetic Energy Interceptors ....................... 10 Countermeasures ....................................................... 14 Space-Based Laser Defenses ........................................ 16 Countermeasures ....................................................... 23 Alternative Terrestrial-Based Ballistic Missile Defense Systems ........................................................... 27 Surface-Based Boost-Phase Kinetic-Energy Interceptors .............................................................. 28 Airborne Kinetic-Energy Interceptors ............................. 29 Airborne Lasers .......................................................... 30 Surface-Based Midcourse Kinetic-Energy Interceptors ...... 32 Chapter Summary and Conclusions .................................. 34 Chapter 2: Space-Based Systems for Attacking Terrestrial Targets ....................................................... 37 Mass-to-Earth Weapons .................................................. 38 Space-Based Lasers ....................................................... 41 Alternative Terrestrial-Based Strike Systems ...................... 45 Chapter Summary and Conclusions .................................. 49 Chapter 3: Space-Based Anti-Satellite Weapons ........... 51 Overview ...................................................................... 51 SBI ASATs ................................................................. 54 Space Mines .............................................................. 59 SBL ASAT .................................................................. 62 Dazzling and Blinding .................................................. 66 Jamming and Spoofing ................................................ 68 High-Powered Microwave Weapons ............................... 70 Terrestrial-Based ASAT Alternatives .................................. 73 Surface-Based Kinetic-Energy Interceptors .................... 74 Co-orbital Interceptor ................................................. 78 Airborne Kinetic-Energy Interceptor .............................. 79 Ground-Based Laser ................................................... 80 Airborne Laser ........................................................... 81 Terrestrial-Based Jammers .......................................... 83 Attacking Satellite Ground Stations ............................... 83 Nuclear Weapons ....................................................... 84 Chapter Summary and Conclusions .................................. 87 Chapter 4: Using Space-Based Weapons to Protect US Satellite Capabilities ............................... 91 Organization of Chapter .................................................. 92 Bodyguard Satellites and Emerging ASAT Threats ............... 93 Passive Countermeasures ............................................... 95 Hiding ....................................................................... 96 Deception .................................................................. 97 Maneuver .................................................................. 97 Hardening ................................................................. 98 Electronic and Electro-Optical Countermeasures .............. 98 Proliferation—Replenishment and On-Orbit Spares........... 99 Proliferation—Modularization and Segregation ............... 100 Reducing Dependence on Satellites ............................. 100 Chapter Summary and Conclusions ................................ 101 Report Summary and Conclusions .............................. 105 Executive Summary The United States is the world’s greatest economic and military power. Perhaps nothing demonstrates the extent of that dominance today better than the country’s preeminent role in space. The United States operates by far the most capable and costly network of satellites in the world. Its extensive access to space provides significant economic benefits. It also gives the US military a critical edge over potential adversaries. The combination of US dominance in, and dependence on, space assets has led to both growing concerns about the vulnerability of those assets and calls for the United States to exploit further its existing advantages in space capabilities. While space has been militarized for many years, it has not, at least as far as can be determined from unclassified sources, been weaponized. In other words, satellites have been used to provide intelligence, targeting and other support to terrestrial-based forces and weapons. However, to date, no country appears to have actually stationed weapons in space. Some analysts believe that the weaponization of space is inevitable and that the United States can and should move rapidly to acquire and field a range of space-based weapons. Others argue that the United States has more to lose than any other country if space is weaponized and that taking steps in this direction would lead to the worst of both worlds—yielding little or nothing in terms of military advantage, and sparking or accelerating an arms race in space that the United States should, instead, be seeking to avert or, at least, delay as long as possible. Space-based weapons could, in theory, be used to carry out at least four different missions. Specifically, they could be used to: • defend against ballistic missile strikes; • attack terrestrial-based (i.e., surface-based and airborne) targets; i • destroy or disable enemy satellites; and • protect US satellites, by intercepting enemy anti-satellite (ASAT) weapons. The wisdom and feasibility of acquiring and deploying one or more of these kinds of space-based weapons can only be determined through an analysis that takes into account a broad range of strategic, operational, technological, political, and financial considerations. Of all of these factors, historically, the area that has received the least attention has been the financial costs—specifically, the funding requirements—that would be associated with the acquisition and support of space-based weapons. This is understandable to some extent. Weapon system cost estimates can only be as accurate as the quality of information available concerning the system’s technical characteristics, overall system architecture and operational concept. In the case of space-based weapons, the quality of such information is typically poor. On the other hand, an analysis of space weapons that does not consider the system’s budgetary requirements is, at best, incomplete and, at worst, provides a misleading picture of the system’s potential cost-effectiveness. In an effort to raise the level of debate concerning the wisdom and value of acquiring and deploying one or more of the four types of space-based weapons noted above, this report provides rough, order- of-magnitude, estimates of the potential cost of acquiring and supporting such systems. Based on the cost estimates identified or derived in this report, and existing unclassified assessments of potential system effectiveness, this report also offers a range of tentative and preliminary conclusions concerning the likely cost-effectiveness
Load more

Recommended publications
  • NIKE-HERCULES Système D'arme Sol-Air À Longue Portée États-Unis
    NIKE-HERCULES Système d’arme sol-air à longue portée États-Unis Genèse du NIKE-HERCULES Le système Nike-Hercules est une évolution du système Nike-Ajax (cf. tableau comparatif des missiles en annexe). L’engin Nike-Hercules (MIM-14) est également un missile à deux étages. Son booster, beaucoup plus puissant (puissance 173.000 livres), lui permet d’être très rapidement supersonique. Après 3,4 secondes, le booster se sépare du missile, ce qui déclenche la mise à feu du second étage ; celui-ci fonctionne pendant 29 secondes et permet au missile d’atteindre une vitesse dépassant Mach 3 et une altitude de 100.000 pieds. Le Nike-Hercules peut emporter une ogive nucléaire ou une ogive conventionnelle. Initialement, la version nucléarisée emportait la tête nucléaire W-7 Mod 2, offrant des puissances de 2,5 ou 28 KT. En 1961, les anciennes ogives furent remplacées par des charges W-31 avec des puissances de 2 KT (Y1) ou 30 KT (Y2). Les dernières versions comportèrent l'ogive W31 Mod2, offrant des puissances de 2 ou 20 KT. En raison de l’efficacité du missile contre certains ICBM, Le Nike-Hercules fut pris en considération dans les accords SALT. Une utilisation sol-sol a été expérimentée en Alaska et appliquée à certaine versions. Le Nike-Hercules a connu une évolution majeure améliorant sa résistance aux contre-mesures électroniques et augmentant sa capacité de détection. Les missiles ainsi modifiés ont été désignés Nike-Hercules Improved (NHI). Système de guidage du Nike-Hercules Déploiements du Nike-Hercules Le Nike-Hercules est entré en service opérationnel en juin 1958 et fut tout d'abord déployé à Chicago.
    [Show full text]
  • Rockets of the Armed Forces.Pdf
    NUIWX4)- j623.4519 Bk&ro. Bergaust l^OS'lcT; Rockets of the Armed Forces O O u- - "5« ^" CO O PUBLIC LIBRARY Fort Wayne c.r.d Allen County, Indiana 81-1 JT r PUHI I IBRAFU sno IC fflimiivN 3 1833 00476 4350 Rockets of the Armed Forces Between primitive man's rock-hurling days, and modern technology's refined rocket systems, man has come a long way in missile combat. Beginning with the principles of rocketry from early time to the present, Erik Bergaust classifies all forty-two current operational missiles into four basic categories : air-to-air ; air-to-surface ; surface- to-air; and surface-to-surface. From the Navy's highly sophisticated Polaris to the Sidewinder, widely used in Vietnam, the author pinpoints the type, propulsion, guid- ance, performance, and construction of each rocket. A picture and a short paragraph describing each rocket's military use, plus a glossary, are included. Inspection of liquid hydrogen engines. Hydro- gen is a powerful fuel and is often used in combination with liquid oxygen. Fuels are car- ried in the missile in separate tanks and are mixed in the rocket's combustion chamber where the burning takes place. / Bell ROCKETS of the ARMED FORCES By Erik Bergaust 76 6. P. Putnam's Sons New York | 80 260 4 1 ' © 1966 by Erik Bergaust All Rights Reserved Published simultaneously in the Dominion of Canada by Longmans Canada Limited, Toronto Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: AC 66-1025A PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Second Impression 1430318 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The cooperation of the Office of the Assistant Secre- tary of Defense, Magazine and Book Branch, Directorate of Information Services, made it possible to compile in this book the latest information and data on all opera- tional United States military rockets.
    [Show full text]
  • Jacques Tiziou Space Collection
    Jacques Tiziou Space Collection Isaac Middleton and Melissa A. N. Keiser 2019 National Air and Space Museum Archives 14390 Air & Space Museum Parkway Chantilly, VA 20151 [email protected] https://airandspace.si.edu/archives Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Biographical / Historical.................................................................................................... 1 Scope and Contents........................................................................................................ 2 Arrangement..................................................................................................................... 2 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 2 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 4 Series : Files, (bulk 1960-2011)............................................................................... 4 Series : Photography, (bulk 1960-2011)................................................................. 25 Jacques Tiziou Space Collection NASM.2018.0078 Collection Overview Repository: National Air and Space Museum Archives Title: Jacques Tiziou Space Collection Identifier: NASM.2018.0078 Date: (bulk 1960s through
    [Show full text]
  • Desind Finding
    NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE ARCHIVES Herbert Stephen Desind Collection Accession No. 1997-0014 NASM 9A00657 National Air and Space Museum Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC Brian D. Nicklas © Smithsonian Institution, 2003 NASM Archives Desind Collection 1997-0014 Herbert Stephen Desind Collection 109 Cubic Feet, 305 Boxes Biographical Note Herbert Stephen Desind was a Washington, DC area native born on January 15, 1945, raised in Silver Spring, Maryland and educated at the University of Maryland. He obtained his BA degree in Communications at Maryland in 1967, and began working in the local public schools as a science teacher. At the time of his death, in October 1992, he was a high school teacher and a freelance writer/lecturer on spaceflight. Desind also was an avid model rocketeer, specializing in using the Estes Cineroc, a model rocket with an 8mm movie camera mounted in the nose. To many members of the National Association of Rocketry (NAR), he was known as “Mr. Cineroc.” His extensive requests worldwide for information and photographs of rocketry programs even led to a visit from FBI agents who asked him about the nature of his activities. Mr. Desind used the collection to support his writings in NAR publications, and his building scale model rockets for NAR competitions. Desind also used the material in the classroom, and in promoting model rocket clubs to foster an interest in spaceflight among his students. Desind entered the NASA Teacher in Space program in 1985, but it is not clear how far along his submission rose in the selection process. He was not a semi-finalist, although he had a strong application.
    [Show full text]
  • Archie to SAM a Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air Defense
    Archie to SAM A Short Operational History of Ground-Based Air Defense Second Edition KENNETH P. WERRELL Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama August 2005 Air University Library Cataloging Data Werrell, Kenneth P. Archie to SAM : a short operational history of ground-based air defense / Kenneth P. Werrell.—2nd ed. —p. ; cm. Rev. ed. of: Archie, flak, AAA, and SAM : a short operational history of ground- based air defense, 1988. With a new preface. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-58566-136-8 1. Air defenses—History. 2. Anti-aircraft guns—History. 3. Anti-aircraft missiles— History. I. Title. 358.4/145—dc22 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public re- lease: distribution unlimited. Air University Press 131 West Shumacher Avenue Maxwell AFB AL 36112-6615 http://aupress.maxwell.af.mil ii In memory of Michael Lewis Hyde Born 14 May 1938 Graduated USAF Academy 8 June 1960 Killed in action 8 December 1966 A Patriot, A Classmate, A Friend THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii DEDICATION . iii FOREWORD . xiii ABOUT THE AUTHOR . xv PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION . xvii PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION . xix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xxi 1 ANTIAIRCRAFT DEFENSE THROUGH WORLD WAR II . 1 British Antiaircraft Artillery . 4 The V-1 Campaign . 13 American Antiaircraft Artillery . 22 German Flak . 24 Allied Countermeasures . 42 Fratricide . 46 The US Navy in the Pacific .
    [Show full text]
  • The Cold War and Beyond
    Contents Puge FOREWORD ...................... u 1947-56 ......................... 1 1957-66 ........................ 19 1967-76 ........................ 45 1977-86 ........................ 81 1987-97 ........................ 117 iii Foreword This chronology commemorates the golden anniversary of the establishment of the United States Air Force (USAF) as an independent service. Dedicated to the men and women of the USAF past, present, and future, it records significant events and achievements from 18 September 1947 through 9 April 1997. Since its establishment, the USAF has played a significant role in the events that have shaped modem history. Initially, the reassuring drone of USAF transports announced the aerial lifeline that broke the Berlin blockade, the Cold War’s first test of wills. In the tense decades that followed, the USAF deployed a strategic force of nuclear- capable intercontinental bombers and missiles that deterred open armed conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union. During the Cold War’s deadly flash points, USAF jets roared through the skies of Korea and Southeast Asia, wresting air superiority from their communist opponents and bringing air power to the support of friendly ground forces. In the great global competition for the hearts and minds of the Third World, hundreds of USAF humanitarian missions relieved victims of war, famine, and natural disaster. The Air Force performed similar disaster relief services on the home front. Over Grenada, Panama, and Libya, the USAF participated in key contingency actions that presaged post-Cold War operations. In the aftermath of the Cold War the USAF became deeply involved in constructing a new world order. As the Soviet Union disintegrated, USAF flights succored the populations of the newly independent states.
    [Show full text]
  • US Missiles - Tri-Service Designation System
    US Missiles - Tri-Service designation system In 1962, a Tri-service designation system was adopted for missiles and rockets. Missiles still in service changed their previous USAF / Navy / Army designation getting the new one. Tri-Service Designation System Status Prefix Launching Environment Mission Type C Captive A Air C Transport B Booster J Special Test, temporary B Multiple D Decoy L Launch M Maintenance C Coffin / Container E Electronic / Communication Vehicle N Special Test, permanent F Individual G Surface Attack M Guided Missile X Experimental G Runway I Aerial / Space Intercept N Probe Y Prototype (preserial) H Silo-Stored L Launch Detection / Surveillance R Rocket Z Planned / Proposed / L Silo-Launched M Scientific / Calibration S Satellite Projected M Mobile N Navigation P Soft-Pad Q Drone R Surface Ship S Space Support S Space T Training U Underwater U Underwater Attack W Weater M - Guided Missiles 1 Matador Martin Marietta MGM-1 (ex B-61A, TM-61A), W5 warhead MGM-1A W5 warhead MGM-1B W5 warhead MGM-1C (TM-61B), W5 warhead 2 Terrier Convair / General Dynamics ex SAM-N-7 RIM-2A BW-0 RIM-2B BW-1 RIM-2C BT-3 (Terrier 3) Beam-riding RIM-2D BT-3A(N) (Terrier 3A), Nuclear warhead W45 mod.1 (weight < 365 lbs) RIM-2F HT-3 3 Nike Ajax Western Electric ex SAM-A-7, ex M-1 MIM-3A 4 Falcon Hughes AIM-4 ex GAR-1 XIM-4 ex XF-98 AIM-4A ex GAR-1D AIM-4B ex GAR-2 AIM-4C ex GAR-2A AIM-4D ex GAR-2B AIM-4E ex GAR-3/GAR-3A, Super Falcon AIM-4F ex GAR-4/GAR-4A, Super Falcon AIM-4G ex GAR-4A, Super Falcon AIM-4H XAIM-4H 5 Corporal Firestone ex SSM-A-17
    [Show full text]
  • From Theater Missile Defense to Antimissile Offensive Actions a Near-Term Strategic Approach for the USAF
    AIR Y U SIT NI V ER From Theater Missile Defense to Antimissile Offensive Actions A Near-term Strategic Approach for the USAF MERRICK E. KRAUSE, Major, USAF School of Advanced Airpower Studies THESIS PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE SCHOOL OF ADVANCED AIRPOWER STUDIES, MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE, ALABAMA, FOR COMPLETION OF GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS, ACADEMIC YEAR 1997–98. Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama September 1999 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author, and do not necessar ily represent the vie ws of Air University, the United States Air F orce, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public release: dis­ tribution unlimited. ii Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii ABSTRACT . v ABOUT THE AUTHOR . vii PREFACE . ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xi 1 INTRODUCTION . 1 Notes . 5 2 BACKGROUND . 7 Notes . 18 3 THEATER MISSILE DEFENSE AND ANTIMISSILE OPTIONS . 21 Notes . 34 4 THEATER MISSILE DEFENSE AND ANTIMISSILE QUALITATIVE EVALUATION: COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS . 39 Notes . 48 5 PROPOSALS AND CONCLUSIONS . 51 Notes . 61 iii Illustrations Figure Page 1 Current Joint Theater Missile Defense Concept . 26 2 Theater Ballistic Missile Phases and Selected Weapons Systems . 29 3 Theater Ballistic Missile Phases and Selected Weapons Systems . 41 4 Proposed Simplified Joint Antimissile Concept . 59 Table 1 Developing Countries and Ballistic Missiles . 22 2 Rough Comparison of Near -term Joint Theater Missile Defense Systems . 42 3 Pros/Cons of Proposal 1: Establish an Antimissile/Weapons of Mass Destruction Attack Operations Air Expeditionary Gr oups . 54 4 Pros/Cons of Proposal 2: Establish a United States Air For ce Antimissile Czar .
    [Show full text]
  • Rocketry Index a “Catalog” of All the Hobby Rockets
    and Present The Rocketry Index A “Catalog” of all the hobby rockets... ever! (or at least as many as I could manage!) Compiled and Edited by John A. Lee OSL Revision: 13.01 Contents Introductory Materials............................................................... 43 What Is “The Rocketry Index?”........................................................43 What Gets Included With the Rockets ..............................................45 What Gets Included With the Companies .........................................47 Company Information .................................................................................... 47 Company Statement ....................................................................................... 47 Rocketeers’ Views of the Companies.............................................................. 47 Master Lists ................................................................................................... 47 Family Groups...................................................................................49 Patriarchal Families ...................................................................................... 49 Always Ready Rocketry Families ..................................................................... 50 ARR Basic Blues Family .................................................................................................... 50 Art Applewhite Families ................................................................................... 50 Applewhite Cinco Family .................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • DISEC Ballistic Missiles
    ATSMUN 2018 Forum: Disarmament and International Security Committee Topic: The Intercontinental Ballistic Missile Student Officer: Thomas Antoniou Position: Chair ! ! Page !1 ATSMUN 2018 The Intercontinental Ballistic Missile An intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) is a guided ballistic missile with a minimum range of 5,500 kilometres (3,400 mi) primarily designed for nuclear weapons delivery (delivering one or more thermonuclear warheads). Similarly, conventional, chemical, and biological weapons can also be delivered with varying effectiveness, but have never been deployed on ICBMs. Most modern designs support multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), allowing a single missile to carry several warheads, each of which can strike a different target. Early ICBMs had limited precision, which made them suitable for use only against the largest targets, such as cities. They were seen as a “safe” basing option, one that would keep the deterrent force close to home where it would be difficult to attack. Attacks against military targets (especially hardened ones) still demanded the use of a more precise manned bomber. Second- and third-generation designs (such as the LGM-118 Peacekeeper) dramatically improved accuracy to the point where even the smallest point targets can be successfully attacked. ICBMs are differentiated by having greater range and speed than other ballistic missiles: intermediate-range ballistic missiles (IRBMs), medium-range ballistic missiles (MRBMs), short-range ballistic missiles (SRBMs) and tactical ballistic missiles (TBMs). Short and medium-range ballistic missiles are known collectively as theatre ballistic missiles. The history of the ICBM ! Throughout history several states have attempted to develop nuclear weapons with ballistic capabilities. After the first use of nuclear weapons in 1945 many test were conducted to significantly expand the knowledge about nuclear weapons and their capabilities, The graph above shows all the test conducted by all states with successful nuclear development programs.
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape of Fear : a Social History of the Missile During the Early Years of the Cold War, 1950-1965 Jessica Rose Barrella Florida International University
    Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 3-27-2007 Landscape of fear : a social history of the missile during the early years of the cold war, 1950-1965 Jessica Rose Barrella Florida International University DOI: 10.25148/etd.FI14050437 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Barrella, Jessica Rose, "Landscape of fear : a social history of the missile during the early years of the cold war, 1950-1965" (2007). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1405. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1405 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida LANDSCAPE OF FEAR: A SOCIAL HISTORY OF THE MISSILE DURING THE EARLY YEARS OF THE COLD WAR, 1950-1965 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in HISTORY by Jessica Rose Barrella 2007 To: Interim Dean Mark Szuchman College of Arts and Sciences This dissertation, written by Jessica Rose Barrella, and entitled Landscape of Fear: A Social History of the Missile during the Early Years of the Cold War, 1950-1965, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. Rebecca Friedman Darden A. Pyron Paul Kowert Clarence Taylor Knnefh Liparito, ajo rofessor Date of Defense: March 27, 2007 The dissertation of Jessica Rose Barrella is approved.
    [Show full text]
  • Nike Zeus Makes First ICBM Kill in Test
    • au ching Si es To imFor PUBLISHED WEEKLY DISTRIBUTED ro ALL SERVICE AND CIVILIAN PERSONNEL ON W.S.M.tt. Serving the Nation's Biggest Published by La£ Cruces Citizen. Las Cruces. Overland Missile Testing Center New Mexico a private firm in no way con­ Published in the Interest of military nected with the Department ot the Army • Opinions expressed by the publishers and and civili1111 personnel ot WSMFI and • writers herein are their own and are not to be to promote a greater guided missile considered an official expression by the De­ partment of thJ Army. The appearance ot ad­ program for the national defense. •ertisements in this publication does noi cons· Publication Office: titute an endorsement by the Deparhr.ent of the Army of the products or services advertised. 114 S. Church, Las Cruces, N. M. VOL. VIII-No. 15 WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE, NEW MEXICO, FRIDAY, JULY 20, 1962 8 PAGES .. I Tests for • Nike Zeus MakeS First ICBM Kill in Test Test Is Sergeant, Thorlin Commands With Optimism Pershing portant White Sands Missile Range Sees Continued WSM RSuccess has begun land surveys for three temp o r a r y missile 1 launching sites in N. M. and Success sary of White Sands' for­ and misile and space research T he seventh command­ Utah. of the Air Force. The Department of Defense ing general in the 17-year mation. The sites are for test pro­ I Among his first official du­ During his assignment at ann ounced that the United h istory of White Sands grams on t w o army solid I ties was a statement of con­ the head of the Tank-Auto­ S t a t e s yesterday morning M issile Range has taken propellant missile systems, fidence in the future of motive Command, Gen.
    [Show full text]