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The Philippines Illustrated
The Philippines Illustrated A Visitors Guide & Fact Book By Graham Winter of www.philippineholiday.com Fig.1 & Fig 2. Apulit Island Beach, Palawan All photographs were taken by & are the property of the Author Images of Flower Island, Kubo Sa Dagat, Pandan Island & Fantasy Place supplied courtesy of the owners. CHAPTERS 1) History of The Philippines 2) Fast Facts: Politics & Political Parties Economy Trade & Business General Facts Tourist Information Social Statistics Population & People 3) Guide to the Regions 4) Cities Guide 5) Destinations Guide 6) Guide to The Best Tours 7) Hotels, accommodation & where to stay 8) Philippines Scuba Diving & Snorkelling. PADI Diving Courses 9) Art & Artists, Cultural Life & Museums 10) What to See, What to Do, Festival Calendar Shopping 11) Bars & Restaurants Guide. Filipino Cuisine Guide 12) Getting there & getting around 13) Guide to Girls 14) Scams, Cons & Rip-Offs 15) How to avoid petty crime 16) How to stay healthy. How to stay sane 17) Do’s & Don’ts 18) How to Get a Free Holiday 19) Essential items to bring with you. Advice to British Passport Holders 20) Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Disasters & The Dona Paz Incident 21) Residency, Retirement, Working & Doing Business, Property 22) Terrorism & Crime 23) Links 24) English-Tagalog, Language Guide. Native Languages & #s of speakers 25) Final Thoughts Appendices Listings: a) Govt.Departments. Who runs the country? b) 1630 hotels in the Philippines c) Universities d) Radio Stations e) Bus Companies f) Information on the Philippines Travel Tax g) Ferries information and schedules. Chapter 1) History of The Philippines The inhabitants are thought to have migrated to the Philippines from Borneo, Sumatra & Malaya 30,000 years ago. -
The Concrete Battleship Was Flooded, the Guns Drained of Recoil Oil and Fired One Last Time, the Colors
The Iowan History letter Vol. 5 Number 2 Second Quarter, 2016 The Concrete Initially Fort Drum was planned as a mine control and mine casemate station. However, due to inadequate de- fenses in the area, a plan was devised to level the island, and then build a concrete structure on top of it armed with Battleship two twin 12-inch guns. This was submitted to the War Department, which decided to change the 12-inch guns to 14-inch guns mounted on twin armored turrets. The forward turret, with a traverse of 230°, was mounted on the forward portion of the top deck, which was 9 ft below the top deck; the rear turret, with a full 360° traverse, was mounted on the top deck. The guns of both turrets were capable of 15° elevation, giving them a range of 19,200 yards. Secondary armament was to be provided by two pairs of 6-inch guns mounted in armored casemates on either side of the main structure. There were two 3-inch mobile AA guns on “spider” mounts for anti-aircraft de- fense. Fort Drum in the 1930s Overhead protection of the fort was provided by an 20- Fort Drum (El Fraile Island), also known as “the con- foot thick steel-reinforced concrete deck. Its exterior walls crete battleship,” is a heavily fortified island situated at ranged between approximately 25 to 36 ft thick, making it the mouth of Manila Bay in the Philippines, due south of virtually impregnable to enemy naval attack. Corregidor Island. The reinforced concrete fortress shaped like a battleship, was built by the United States in 1909 as Construction one of the harbor defenses at the wider South Channel entrance to the bay during the American colonial period. -
Toponyms in Manila and Cavite, Philippines
Marivic Lesho, Eeva Sippola Toponyms in Manila and Cavite, Philippines Abstract: This article examines place names in two Tagalog-speaking Philippine regions, the metropolitan area of Manila and the province of Cavite. The topo- nyms of the Spanish, American, and independent Philippine periods are com- pared, based on a sample from historical and contemporary sources including maps, articles, and geographical surveys. The place names include Tagalog endonyms related to local environmental features, religious and anthroponymic commemorative Spanish exonyms, and hybrid forms that combine Tagalog, Spanish, and/or English etymology. More recently, geo-classifiers from English are often found in hybrid forms. The results show that place-naming practices in Metro Manila and Cavite have shifted over time due to the contact between Ta- galog, Spanish, and English in the region, and they reflect political and ideolog- ical stances. Keywords: Tagalog, Spanish, English, toponyms, Manila, Cavite 1 Introduction This article studies place names in Tagalog regions of the metropolitan area of Manila and the province of Cavite in the Philippines. The Philippines were part of the Spanish empire from the 1500s to the late 1800s when, after the Philip- pine independence movement and the Spanish-American War, the islands fell under American control in 1898. The United States governed the islands until the country’s independence in 1946. These changes in local, colonial, and ad- ministrative powers provide a fascinating opportunity to compare place names from a historical perspective. In light of this background, our aim is to discover patterns and principles that govern place-naming practices in this area throughout different historical periods. -
State of the Coasts Report Province of Cavite, Philippines Prepared By: Provincial Government of Cavite, PEMSEA Component D: Doc: D1-2
State of the Coasts Report Province of Cavite, Philippines Prepared by: Provincial Government of Cavite, PEMSEA Component D: Doc: D1-2 Partners: August 2017 About the GEF-Global Nutrient Cycle Project Project objective: to provide the foundations (including partnerships, information, tools and policy mechanisms) for governments and other stakeholders to initiate comprehensive, effective and sustained programmes addressing nutrient over-enrichment and oxygen depletion from land based pollution of coastal waters in Large Marine Ecosystems. Core project outcomes and outputs: the development and application of quantitative modeling approaches: to estimate and map present day contributions of different watershed based nutrient sources to coastal nutrient loading and their effects; to indicate when nutrient over-enrichment problem areas are likely to occur; and to estimate the magnitude of expected effects of further nutrient loading on coastal systems under a range of scenarios the systematic analysis of available scientific, technological and policy options for managing nutrient over-enrichment impacts in the coastal zone from key nutrient source sectors such as agriculture, wastewater and aquaculture, and their bringing together an overall Policy Tool Box the application of the modeling analysis to assess the likely impact and overall cost effectiveness of the various policy options etc brought together in the Tool Box, so that resource managers have a means to determine which investments and decisions they can better make in addressing -
Transnational Bataan Memories
TRANSNATIONAL BATAAN MEMORIES: TEXT, FILM, MONUMENT, AND COMMEMORATION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN AMERICAN STUDIES DECEMBER 2012 By Miguel B. Llora Dissertation Committee: Robert Perkinson, Chairperson Vernadette Gonzalez William Chapman Kathy Ferguson Yuma Totani Keywords: Bataan Death March, Public History, text, film, monuments, commemoration ii Copyright by Miguel B. Llora 2012 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank all my committee members for helping me navigate through the complex yet pleasurable process of undertaking research and writing a dissertation. My PhD experience provided me the context to gain a more profound insight into the world in which I live. In the process of writing this manuscript, I also developed a deeper understanding of myself. I also deeply appreciate the assistance of several colleagues, friends, and family who are too numerous to list. I appreciate their constant support and will forever be in their debt. Thanks and peace. iv ABSTRACT This dissertation is a study of the politics of historical commemoration relating to the Bataan Death March. I began by looking for abandonment but instead I found struggles for visibility. To explain this diverse set of moves, this dissertation deploys a theoretical framework and a range of research methods that enables analysis of disparate subjects such as war memoirs, films, memorials, and commemorative events. Therefore, each chapter in this dissertation looks at a different yet interrelated struggle for visibility. This dissertation is unique because it gives voice to competing publics, it looks at the stakes they have in creating monuments of historical remembrance, and it acknowledges their competing reasons for producing their version of history. -
NUMBER B • JUNE 1945 S WG L''"! 4CJ HA Battery Pt Morrison Pt W^Vvw
UNCLASSIFIED Instructors "Reading tils Document gi<rr! Below (File He ^ ^ 4t NUMBER B • JUNE 1945 s WG l''"! 4CJ HA Battery Pt Morrison Pt w^Vvw. OnvyyW)*^ f s&$&$&£< .X %y\^ Rock Pt^s+rr DOCK L$"QH Jy ' - MONKEY PT «gf ' ORDN ANCE PT EAST CORREGIDOR ISLAND N JOSE HOOK SOUTH DCr&K PT SAN JOSE BAY Wheeler Pt A B A L L Searchlight Geary PI • CABALLO ISLAND NOTE The information contained in Combat Notes is classified as Confidential, principally due to the inclusion of unit and place identifications therein* In general, ty omitting unit and place identifications, the classification of the article may be reduced to Restricted* BoMrGBfib£ir£ir3' Yjii"';, •, . DECLASSIFIED ill TEH 12 YKiiSS.' BIS saoo.io OOKTENTS Goxragidor Pag© 1 Combat Hints from Europe ; Page I9 The Trojan Borse page 26 Know Your Japanese page 31 Assault and Reduction of Cave Positions Page 52 Japanese Artillery in Defense of High-way $5 Pags 38 Artillery in Reduction of Intramuros pa«e 10 GiNSl&L? In the early part of February I9h5» Sixth Arny units were pushing south from the Lingayen Gulf to effect the early capture of the Port of Manila# The XIV Corps was driving into the city frcm the north and east while the I Corps was securing the Army's northeast flank against''stubborn '*• enemy resistance,. South of Manila, the 11th Airborne Division* following its swift advance from Nagsugbu Bay and Tagaytag Ridge, was driving the Jajianese from strong positions in the Nichols Field Area. The XT Corps , which had landed north of Subie Bay, had pushed east and south, seized Olongapo, and was now driving east across the 2&g-Zag Pass to cv off the Bataan Peninsula. -
The Foreign Service Journal, September 2009
C1-C4_FSJ_0909_COV:proof 8/6/09 11:01 PM Page C1 FS KNOW-HOW RETURNS! ■ HONORING SAM NUNN ■ IN THE CLOUDS $3.50 / SEPTEMBER 2009 OREIGN ERVICE FJ O U R N A L STHE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS PROFESSIONALS WINNING HEARTS AND MINDS The Role of U.S. Diplomats in Conflict Zones C1-C4_FSJ_0909_COV:proof 8/6/09 11:01 PM Page C2 01-20_FSJ_0909_FRO:first 8/7/09 2:29 PM Page 1 01-20_FSJ_0909_FRO:first 8/7/09 2:29 PM Page 2 01-20_FSJ_0909_FRO:first 8/14/09 1:17 PM Page 3 OREIGN ERVICE FJ O U R N A L S CONTENTS September 2009 Volume 86, No. 9 F OCUS ON Diplomats in Conflict Zones THE DIPLOMAT AS COUNTERINSURGENT / 21 Civilians must become as conversant with the fundamentals of counterinsurgency warfare as our military counterparts already are. By Kurt Amend INTERAGENCY COOPERATION: THE JIATF IN IRAQ / 28 The experience of the Joint Interagency Task Force in Iraq offers rich insights into effective strategic cooperation. By Robert M. Birkenes Cover and inside illustration FROM PINSTRIPES TO KHAKI: GOVERNANCE UNDER FIRE / 35 by Brian Hubble U.S. diplomats must work alongside our military colleagues as full partners to improve conditions in conflict zones. By Paul Folmsbee PRESIDENT’S VIEWS / 5 F EATURES Challenges and Opportunities By Susan R. Johnson SAM NUNN: NATIONAL SECURITY VISIONARY / 40 SPEAKING OUT / 15 Both as a four-term U.S. senator and a private citizen, Sam Nunn has Strengthen the Process for tirelessly advocated nonproliferation. For those efforts, he is the latest Middle East Diplomacy recipient of AFSA’s Lifetime Contributions to American Diplomacy Award. -
W12041 SU Scientia Militaria 2018 N.Indd
Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies, Vol 46, Nr 1, 2018. doi: 10.5787/46-1-1227 AIRBORNE ASSAULT ON CORREGIDOR: A STUDY IN WEATHER, TERRAIN, AND CULTURAL LANDSCAPES Andrew D Lohman United States Military Academy, West Point Abstract In many ways, military forces using advanced technologies have been able to overcome a number of the inherent and traditional challenges posed by physical geography. However, geography continues to play a significant role in military planning and operations in two areas that have received little attention in the literature, namely airborne operations and the cultural landscape. This case study sought to contribute to these discussions by analysing the American operation to seize Corregidor Island in February 1945. As a primarily airborne assault, the operation was heavily contingent on weather, but also on terrain for sufficient drop zones, and the cultural landscape and terrain intelligence of the American forces proved vital in this regard. Through analysing archival military planning documents, maps, images and other primary and secondary sources, this study found that the physical terrain and enemy defences dictated the overall plan, but two features of the cultural landscape, the parade ground and golf course, were essential to the airborne operation, serving as the smallest drop zones used in World War II by US forces. While these two spaces enabled the assault, their small size, the buildings surrounding them, and the prevailing winds made this mission the most dangerous and highest jump casualty airborne operation of the war. Despite the casualties incurred by these features, the bombed-out buildings and debris on the drop zones arguably prevented even greater casualties because of the cover these provided once paratroopers were assembled on the ground. -
The Navy Tunnel STATION CAST: Tip of the Lance
Federal History 2011 Mucklow The Navy Tunnel STATION CAST: Tip of the Lance Timothy J. Mucklow Hell – I don’t need Congressional authorization to dig a hole in the ground! From the beginning, the American sister services competed—often bitterly—for public attention, congressional funding, and service prestige. Nowadays, the public facet of this rivalry manifests itself chiefly in spirited, intercollegiate sporting events such as the Army-Navy football game. Such benign geniality, however, was not always the case. Even as dark storm clouds slowly thickened over the Pa - cific before World War II, the Navy and Army resisted ef - forts at cooperation. There was little perceived reason why they should. Our history after all was hardly rich with ex - amples of interservice operations, and few barbarians were at the gate. The notion of “joint” would have to await an - other day. By the mid-1920s, the two services had carved out their respective fiefdoms in the now-pacified American terri - tory of the Philippines. The Navy maintained and made good use of its support infrastructures at Olongapo, Cavite, and elsewhere. The Army guarded its control over numerous installations throughout the archipelago—but none did it hold so assiduously as its impregnable island- A drawing of the AFIRM tunnel on Corregi - bastion at the mouth of Manila Bay. 1 Dubbed the “Gibral - dor Island that was begun in February 1939. tar of the Pacific,” Corregidor the citadel was considered a symbol of Army might and pride in the East. The Navy was permitted to look perhaps at the island from its warships as they approached or departed the capital area but little else. -
Chapter I. General Information Brief Historical Background
Chapter I. General Information Brief Historical Background Colonizers arriving in the late 16th century saw an unusual tongue of land thrust into Manila Bay and saw its potential as staging ground for their galleons. Close to the shape of a hook or kawit in T a gal o g language, the hook-shaped land which is now Cavite City became a significant port linking the colony to other parts of the world. The port became a center for Chinese junks trading. In 1571, Spanish colonizers founded the port and City of Cavite and due to its strategic location, it then became a first line of defense for the City of Manila. In 1614, the politico-military jurisdiction of Cavite was established covering all the present territories except for the town of Maragondon, which was also later ceded to Cavite in 1754. Serving as first line of defense for Manila and the Philippines, Cavite became very vulnerable to attacks of colonizers. One of which is the surprise attack of Dutch that led to British occupation of the port in 1672 which lasted for their two-year interregnum in the Philippines. Under the Spanish colonizers, missionary orders acquired vast haciendas in Cavite and their abusive practices led to conflicts between the friar orders and Filipino farmers. This drove Caviteños to live outlaws, support reform and aspire independence. In 1872, a mutiny by disgruntled navy men in Cavite led to a large-scale crackdown on reformers and liberals. Three Filipino priests were executed and dozens others were sent into exile. In 1896, after the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution, Cavite took center stage as thousands of Katipuneros liberated most of the province’s towns. -
Institutional Politics and the U.S. Military's War Plan Orange
INSTITUTIONAL POLITICS AND THE U.S. MILITARY’S WAR PLAN ORANGE Steven J. Pedler A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS August 2007 Committee: Walter E. Grunden, Advisor Douglas J. Forsyth Gary R. Hess © 2007 Steven Pedler All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Walter Grunden, Advisor This thesis examines the U.S. military’s War Plan Orange, and seeks to identify why no serious effort was made to rectify internal inconsistencies within the plan, despite widespread knowledge of their existence. The analytical framework for this study is the “bureaucratic politics” model utilized in the work of scholars such as Graham T. Allison, J. Garry Clifford, and Morton H. Halperin. The thesis concludes that the failure of military and civilian leaders to address the internal contradictions within War Plan Orange resulted from communication breakdowns and from competing policy goals advanced by institutional actors within the Harding, Hoover, and Roosevelt administrations. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This project has benefited from the input and assistance of a number of individuals. The staff of the National Archives in College Park, Maryland exhibited incredible patience with a first-time researcher, and provided invaluable help in tracking down many of the records I have cited. I am especially grateful to Eric van Slander for the time he spent familiarizing me with the Archives’ Military Records room. The members of my thesis committee, Dr. Walter Grunden, Dr. Gary Hess, and Dr. Douglas Forsyth, all provided valuable feedback on a number of drafts, and their input shaped the development and maturation of this thesis. -
The Fallen Remember
SPRING 2017 Official Magazine of John Brown University BrownBulletin REMEMBER THE FALLEN Stories of JBU alumni who made the ultimate sacrifice in WWII’s Pacific Theater PAGE 14 PAGE 8 PAGE 26 Enactus National Soccer and The sinking of the USS West Virginia at Pearl Harbor: Champions the Holocaust Two JBU alumni survived, only to perish later in the war Your stories can inspire their stories... Share yours and refer a student (or two) to JBU! ../ COME VISIT: we’ll reimburse the gas for vehicles of 4+ prospective students! PRESIDENT’S LETTER In Service of Our Country JBU ROTC Graduates Commit to Service The officers speak Dear Friends of JBU, This edition of the Brown Bulletin focuses on our alumni that served in the armed very highly of their forces. As a young boy, I was fascinated by reading about war, and brought WWII history books on vacation. I also played with my paternal grandfather’s WWI helmet. JBU recruits with He served in the infantry in France and Germany. His helmet had a large dent in their academic its crown, and I would imagine stories of how a deflecting bullet had caused it. He died before I was born, so I never had the chance to talk with him about his military excellence and high service. My maternal grandfather was a doctor during WWII, but a football knee injury prevented him from serving overseas. Instead, he treated wounded soldiers in Paris, graduation rates, Texas for the last two years of the war. He, too, spoke little of his military service other than of the heat and dust of his military base.