Hiking the Balkan Range 2011
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Do Public Fund Windfalls Increase Corruption? Evidence from a Natural Disaster Elena Nikolovaa Nikolay Marinovb 68131 Mannheim A5-6, Germany October 5, 2016
Do Public Fund Windfalls Increase Corruption? Evidence from a Natural Disaster Elena Nikolovaa Nikolay Marinovb 68131 Mannheim A5-6, Germany October 5, 2016 Abstract We show that unexpected financial windfalls increase corruption in local govern- ment. Our analysis uses a new data set on flood-related transfers, and the associated spending infringements, which the Bulgarian central government distributed to mu- nicipalities following torrential rains in 2004 and 2005. Using information from the publicly available audit reports we are able to build a unique objective index of cor- ruption. We exploit the quasi-random nature of the rainfall shock (conditional on controls for ground flood risk) to isolate exogenous variation in the amount of funds received by each municipality. Our results imply that a 10 % increase in the per capita amount of disbursed funds leads to a 9.8% increase in corruption. We also present suggestive evidence that more corrupt mayors anticipated punishment by voters and dropped out of the next election race. Our results highlight the governance pitfalls of non-tax transfers, such as disaster relief or assistance from international organizations, even in moderately strong democracies. Keywords: corruption, natural disasters, governance JEL codes: D73, H71, P26 aResearch Fellow, Central European Labour Studies Institute, Slovakia and associated researcher, IOS Regensburg, Germany. Email: [email protected]. We would like to thank Erik Bergl¨of,Rikhil Bhav- nani, Simeon Djankov, Sergei Guriev, Stephan Litschig, Ivan Penkov, Grigore Pop-Eleches, Sandra Sequeira and conference participants at the 2015 Annual Meeting of the European Public Choice Society, Groningen, the 2015 American Political Science Association, San Francisco and seminar participants at Brunel, King's College workshop on corruption, and LSE for useful comments, and Erik Bergl¨ofand Stefka Slavova for help with obtaining Bulgarian rainfall data. -
Discover Bulgaria Is Famous for Its 600 Healing Mineral Water Springs
Bulgaria Discover Ministry of Economy, Energy and Tourism Bulgaria, 1052 Sofia, 8 Slavyanska Str., Tel. +359 2 94071, fax: +359 2 987 2190 е-mail: [email protected] Bulgaria www.mee.government.bg www.bulgariatravel.org This document is created within the framework of the project “Elaboration and distribution of advertising and informational materials for promotion of Bulgaria as a tourism destination”, Agreement BG161PO001/3.3-01-4, realized with the financial support of Operational Programme “Regional development” 2007 – 2013, co-financed by the European Union through the European Fund for Regional Development. All responsibility for the contents of this document is borne by the beneficiary – the Ministry of Economy, Energy and Tourism and in no circumstances it should be regarded that this document reflects the official position of the European Union and the Governing Authority. USEFULL INFORMATION Bulgaria State government system: Parliamentary Republic Capital city: Sofia (population 1.2 million) Official language: Bulgarian, script – Cyrillic Religion: Orthodox (85%), Muslim (8%), other (7%) Time zone: GMT (London) + 2, Eastern Europe time (Germany) + 1 Climate: Humid continental, in the southern parts – transitive Mediterranean. Average temperatures for January are from -2 to 2 Сo in the lowland and -10 Сo in the mountains, in July 19-25 degrees Сo in the lowland and about 10 degrees Сo in the higher parts of the mountains. BULGARIARainfall - 450-600 mm in the lowland, up to 1300 mm in the mountains. Currency: Bulgarian lev -
Bulgarianproperties
Offer: Two-storey house located 10km from Troyan in Veliko Tarnovo Ref. No.: VT 2618 URL address of the offer: https://www.bulgarianproperties.com/31550 Two-storey house located 10km from Troyan Price € 13 000 Location: Veliko Tarnovo For sale Type of property: House, Chalet Area features : In the countryside. , In mountain, In rural countryside, In vacation place, In historic place, In fishing area, In hunting area, Near town, Near highway, Near balneological resort Area: 80.00 m2 Garden: 1000.00 m2 Bedrooms: 2 Floor: 2 Heating system: Electrical heating / Heating with wood Furnishing: Furnished/unfurnished Type of building: Brick-built Condition: good Authorised agency Responsible agent Nikolay Nikolov Veliko Tarnovo Mobile: +359 882 817 481 Phone: +359 62 520 289 Address: 17A, Vasil Levski Blvd, Veliko Tarnovo Skype: bulgarianproperties.com Rural property with a garden in the beautiful scenery in the mountain BULGARIAN PROPERTIES offers for sale an old house located in a village 10 km from the town Troyan. The village is located in the central part of Troyan municipality, where nature and climate are perfect during the whole year. The property is suitable for permanent living or resting during the summer. The house is made of brick and it consists of two Page 1 Offer: Two-storey house located 10km from Troyan in Veliko Tarnovo Ref. No.: VT 2618 URL address of the offer: https://www.bulgarianproperties.com/31550 floors with an area of 80 sq. m. Foundations of the house are made of thick stone. It consists of four rooms, closet and one smaller room. The house looks like typical traditional Bulgarian building. -
Priority Public Investments for Wastewater Treatment and Landfill of Waste
Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Develonment Europe and Central Asia Region 32051 BULGARIA Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL SEQUENCING STRATEGIES FOR EU ACCESSION PriorityPublic Investments for Wastewater Treatment and Landfill of Waste *t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Public Disclosure Authorized IC- - ; s - o Fk - L - -. Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized May 2004 - "Wo BULGARIA ENVIRONMENTAL SEQUENCING STRATEGIES FOR EU ACCESSION Priority Public Investments for Wastewater Treatment and Landfill of Waste May 2004 Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Europe and Central Asia Region Report No. 27770 - BUL Thefindings, interpretationsand conclusions expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. Coverphoto is kindly provided by the external communication office of the World Bank County Office in Bulgaria. The report is printed on 30% post consumer recycledpaper. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ..................................................................... i Abbreviations and Acronyms ..................................................................... ii Summary ..................................................................... iiM Introduction.iii Wastewater.iv InstitutionalIssues .xvi Recommendations........... xvii Introduction ...................................................................... 1 Part I: The Strategic Settings for -
Bulgaria ‐ Monasteries and Churches Sofia, Bansko, Plovdiv, Veliko Tarnovo, Troyan 8 Days / 7 Nights
Bulgaria ‐ Monasteries and Churches Sofia, Bansko, Plovdiv, Veliko Tarnovo, Troyan 8 days / 7 Nights Coach The program includes 7 nights on FB basis – 2 nights in Sofia, 1 night near the Rila Monastery, 1 night in Bansko, 1 night in Plovdiv, 1 night in Veliko Tarnovo, 1 night near Troyan Monastery; transfer in an air‐ conditioned bus; English speaking guide throughout the entire trip. PROGRAM DAY 1: ARRIVAL AT SOFIA AIRPORT. Transfer to the hotel. Dinner and overnight stay in Sofia. DAY 2: BREAKFAST ‐ SIGHTSEEING TOUR OF SOFIA St. Nedelya Cathedral, St. George Rotunda, Russian church of St. Nicolas, St. Sophia Church, St. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Ivan Vazov National Theater. Lunch. In the afternoon – departure for the Rila Monastery. The Rila Monastery is the biggest monastery in Bulgaria, founded in the 10th century by the monk and hermit St. John of Rila, patron and protector of Bulgaria. The monastery served as the center of cultural and spiritual life of the Bulgarian people, during the centuries of foreign enslavement. The tour includes a visit to the monastery, the main church and the monastery museum. Dinner and overnight stay near Rila Monastery. DAY 3: BREAKFAST ‐ DEPARTURE FOR MELNIK A picturesque town at the foot of Pirin Mountain. Melnik is famous for its wine cellars. A visit to the Kordopulov’s House, a monument of the Bulgarian Revival architectural style, built in 1754. On the ground floor there are wine cellars, where the famous wine of Melnik is kept. Lunch in Melnik combined with wine tasting. Visit of Rozhen Monastery – the biggest cloister in the Pirin area, founded in the 13th century. -
Determination of Water Resources in Rivers in the Bulgarian Basins of the Lower Danube
www.ebscohost.com www.gi.sanu.ac.rs, www.doiserbia.nb.rs, J. Geogr. Inst. Cvijic. 67(1) (11–25) Original scientific paper UDC: 911.2:556.53 (497.2) DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1701011I DETERMINATION OF WATER RESOURCES IN RIVERS IN THE BULGARIAN BASINS OF THE LOWER DANUBE Plamen Iliev Ninov*, Tzviatka Ivanova Karagiozova*, Maya Yordanova 1 Rankova* * National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology — BAS, Sofia, Bulgaria Received: December 29, 2016; Reviewed: March 10, 2017; Accepted: March 31, 2017 Abstract: Object of the study is surface water bodies from category “rivers” according to Water Framework Directive 2000/60/ЕС. Surface water assessment is important for number of activities such as: water management in the country, making reports to international agencies, determining the change of the resources in the light of upcoming climate changes. The determination of water resources is based on information of hydrometric stations from the monitoring network system in the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology — Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (NIMH- BAS) in which real ongoing and available water flows that are subject of management are registered. In the study a technology for surface water bodies in the Bulgarian basins of the lower Danube is applied which has been developed in the frame of cooperative project together with the Ministry of Environment and Water. This is absolutely true for the Bulgarian section of the Danube River basin which is expressed in big number and variety of hydrological homogeneous sections. The river flow is characterized with annual and inter-annual variability determined by climatic factors and anthropogenic influences. -
A Thesis Submitted to the Central European University, Department Of
A thesis submitted to the Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy of Central European University in part fulfilment of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Local environmental governance and environmental rules on the ground in Bulgarian municipalities Supervisor: Prof. Alexios Antypas, CEU PhD Committee: Prof. Ruben Mnatsakanian, CEU Dr. Svetlozar Andreev, Committee of the Regions CEU eTD Collection Plamen PEEV April, 2011 Budapest Notes on copyright and the ownership of intellectual property rights: (1) Copyright in text of this thesis rests with the Author. Copies (by any process) either in full, or of extracts, may be made only in accordance with instructions given by the Author and lodged in the Central European University Library. Details may be obtained from the Librarian. This page must form part of any such copies made. Further copies (by any process) of copies made in accordance with such instructions may not be made without the permission (in writing) of the Author. (2) The ownership of any intellectual property rights which may be described in this thesis is vested in the Central European University, subject to any prior agreement to the contrary, and may not be made available for use by third parties without the written permission of the University, which will prescribe the terms and conditions of any such agreement. (3) For bibliographic and reference purposes this thesis should be referred to as: Peev, P.P. 2011. Local environmental governance and environmental rules on the ground in Bulgarian municipalities. Doctoral thesis, Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Central European University, Budapest. Further information on the conditions under which disclosures and exploitation may take place is available from the Head of the Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Central European University. -
BULGARIA New Development, Trends and In-Depth Information on Selected Issues
2007 NATIONAL REPORT (2006 data) TO THE EMCDDA by the Reitox National Focal Point BULGARIA New Development, Trends and in-depth information on selected issues REITOX 1 TABLES OF CONTENTS Summary..........................................................................................................................3 Part A: New Trends and Developments 1. National Policies and Context ......................................................................................8 2. Drug use in the General Population and Specific Sub-groups ...................................21 3. Prevention ..................................................................................................................29 4. Problem Drug Use......................................................................................................39 5. Drug-Related Treatment.............................................................................................47 6. Health Correlates and Consequences........................................................................51 7. Responses to Health Correlates and Consequences.................................................65 8. Social correlates and consequences..........................................................................72 9. Response to social correlates and consequences .....................................................82 10. Drug Markets............................................................................................................88 Part B: Selected issues 12. Vulnerable Groups of -
World Bank Document
The World Bank Report No: ISR4225 Implementation Status & Results Bulgaria ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE REHABILITATION PROJECT (P099894) Operation Name: ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE REHABILITATION PROJECT Project Stage: Implementation Seq.No: 11 Status: ARCHIVED Archive Date: (P099894) Public Disclosure Authorized Country: Bulgaria Approval FY: 2007 Product Line:IBRD/IDA Region: EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA Lending Instrument: Specific Investment Loan Implementing Agency(ies): Road Infrastructure Agency Key Dates Public Disclosure Copy Board Approval Date 26-Jun-2007 Original Closing Date 30-Jun-2011 Planned Mid Term Review Date 01-Jun-2009 Last Archived ISR Date 29-Jun-2011 Effectiveness Date 13-Dec-2007 Revised Closing Date 30-Jun-2013 Actual Mid Term Review Date 12-Oct-2009 Project Development Objectives Project Development Objective (from Project Appraisal Document) The development objective of the proposed project would be to assist Bulgaria to reduce road transport costs by improving the condition and quality of its roads network during the first years of EU accession. Has the Project Development Objective been changed since Board Approval of the Project? Public Disclosure Authorized Yes No Component(s) Component Name Component Cost Rehabilitation of selected roads 129.39 Institutional Development 12.41 Road Safety 1.96 Overall Ratings Previous Rating Current Rating Progress towards achievement of PDO Moderately Unsatisfactory Moderately Satisfactory Overall Implementation Progress (IP) Moderately Unsatisfactory Moderately Satisfactory Public Disclosure Authorized Overall Risk Rating Implementation Status Overview Overall Project implementation progress has improved in recent months. This is reflected in the new higher pace of the construction works, the progress with the new activities to Public Disclosure Copy support the absorption of EU funds, and improvement in project management and reporting. -
Monasteries and Churches
Bulgaria ‐ Monasteries and Churches Sofia, Bansko, Plovdiv, Veliko Tarnovo, Troyan 8 days / 7 Nights Coach The program includes 7 nights on FB basis – 2 nights in Sofia, 1 night near the Rila Monastery, 1 night in Bansko, 1 night in Plovdiv, 1 night in Veliko Tarnovo, 1 night near Troyan Monastery; transfer in an air- conditioned bus; English speaking guide throughout the entire trip. PROGRAM DAY 1: ARRIVAL AT SOFIA AIRPORT. Transfer to the hotel. Dinner and overnight stay in Sofia. DAY 2: BREAKFAST ‐ SIGHTSEEING TOUR OF SOFIA St. Nedelya Cathedral, St. George Rotunda, Russian church of St. Nicolas, St. Sophia Church, St. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Ivan Vazov National Theater. Lunch. In the afternoon – departure for the Rila Monastery. The Rila Monastery is the biggest monastery in Bulgaria, founded in the 10th century by the monk and hermit St. John of Rila, patron and protector of Bulgaria. The monastery served as the center of cultural and spiritual life of the Bulgarian people, during the centuries of foreign enslavement. The tour includes a visit to the monastery, the main church and the monastery museum. Dinner and overnight stay near Rila Monastery. 7 Mezher Street-Antelias - Beirut – Lebanon T: +961 4 712 037 Fax: +961 4 715 196 P.O. Box: 60-233 Zip Code: 1241 2020 R.C. 1035 Baabda VAT No 8721-601 http://www.ventnouveau.com [email protected] DAY 3: BREAKFAST ‐ DEPARTURE FOR MELNIK A picturesque town at the foot of Pirin Mountain. Melnik is famous for its wine cellars. A visit to the Kordopulov’s House, a monument of the Bulgarian Revival architectural style, built in 1754. -
National Statistical Institute and Bulgarian National Bank
The Booklet has been compiled by courtesy of: National Statistical Institute and Bulgarian National Bank. When using data from the Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry’s publication, the source of information must be cited obligatory. The information provided in this brochure was correct PREPRESS: Vezni Ltd. E-mail: [email protected] Ltd. E-mail: Vezni PREPRESS: at the time it went to press, June 2015. Dear business partners, On the eve of the 120th anniversary of the establishment of the chambers of commerce and industry in Bulgaria, it is my pleasure on behalf of the Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry to present to your attention this year’s edition of “Bulgaria in figures”. This time we are presenting an extended version of the brochure in which we have included Bulgaria’s position in the most important international rankings. The present sixth edition of the brochure contains information about the most important economic indicators of Bulgaria. As a member state of the European Union, Bulgaria is distinguished by its good macroeconomic stability, low public debt and low tax rates in the meantime. BCCI will support the Government’s efforts to reform key sectors, believing that this is the way to improve the business and investment environment and increase our country’s rating in international classifications. The Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry with its system of 28 regional chambers and 105 members - sectorial organizations is ready to assist all entrepreneurs seeking business opportunities in Bulgaria. More information about the services provided by BCCI is available in the end of the brochure or on our website. -
Of Bulgaria and Environmentalproblems of the Black Sea A6
r7 ReportNq. 10142 Bulg:aria EnvironmentStrategy Study Public Disclosure Authorized March1 7199'2 .Country.lYJepartmentI turope andCentral Asia Region MICROFICHE COPY Report No. 10142-BUL Type: (SEC) FOROFFICIAL USE ONLY LOVEI, L. / X32772 / H3 129/ EM5IV Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7b p _lc e tedby rei6Xm iW041 1, 4n Its i. ::t m1: ... * , 0' : CURRENCY EOUIVALEN1S Currency unit - lcv (plural leva), abbrev. Lv US$1 a 18 lmva (as of November 1991) WEIGHTS AND LMEQ BOD biological oxygen demand mcm million cubic meters rem roentgen equivalentman - the bem billion cubic meters mg miligram a.mount of loninizing radiation dl deciliter MW Mepwatt(s) equivalent to biological effect of ha hebtare(s) pmlO particulate matter of 10 microns or one roentgen of x or gamma rays kg kilogram less ug microgram km2 square kilometer ppm parts per million m3 cubic meter r correlation coefficient CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AlP3 Aluminum fluoride CS2 Copper sulfide Mn Manganese 03 Ozone As Arsenic Fe Iron N Nitrogen P Phosphorus Br Bromine GcO2 Germanium dioxide Na3 SiF6 Sodium sUicon P2 05 Phosphorus pentoxide Ca Calcium fluoride HCN Hydrocyanic acid fluoride Pb Lead Cd Cadmium Hg Mercury NaF Sodium fluoride Se Selenium C2 Chlorine HF Hydrogen fluoride NH3 Ammonium S02 Sulphur dioxide CO Carbon monoxide H2 As Arsenic hydrogen NH4 NO3 Ammonium nitrate TeO2 Tellurium dioxide CO2 Carbon dioxide H2 S Hydrogen sulfide Ni Nickel Wa4 Tungsten oxide Cr Chromium H2 S04 Sulphuric acid NO Nitrogen monoxide