highways & byways Goldman School and Transportation

FALL 2017 California’s Local Crisis The Uber and Lyft Revolution? A Conversation with Bill Easterly

gspp.berkeley.edu Dean’s Message table of contents

SOMETIMES YOUR BRAND IS YOUR CURSE. UC Berkeley strongly identifies with the departments 1964–5 Free Speech Movement — the first mass civil disobedience by students in the 1960s. The FSM called for lifting the existing ban on campus political activities and for 7 Space Matters allowing students the rights of free speech and academic freedom. The FSM made it 4 10 Faculty Notes possible for students to invite speakers of any political persuasion to campus. 11 Students: Julie Nguyen In this past year, Berkeley has been tested by conservative campus organizations that have invited far right “controversialists” Milo Yiannopoulos and Ann Coulter to speak. 12 Students: Emily Alter On February 1st of this year, peaceful demonstrators were upstaged and literally shoved 13 Students: Michael Pimentel out of the way by anarchist “anti fascist” members who destroyed property, started a 16 Event Highlights fire, and engaged in altercations with people near Bancroft and Telegraph. Yiannopou- CA’s Local Crisis los’s speech was canceled about two hours before the planned starting time because 18 Class Notes administrators feared for public safety. 20 From Annette Doornbos Milo is certainly controversial, and I think that his mockery, posturing, juvenility, 2 1 Board of Advisors and bloviation adds nothing to academic debate and dialogue. Nevertheless, as the FSM 6 The Uber and Lyft Revolution? argued, students and student groups should have the right to invite whom they want. Bruce Schaller on app-based ride services 22 Center on Civility and Indeed, as a public institution, Berkeley must provide 1st Amendment free speech rights Democratic Engagement without respect to political perspectives, and we can only impose viewpoint neutral 8 A Conversation with Bill Easterly 22 From the Alumni Board “time, place, and manner” restrictions meant to protect public safety and to allow the Berkeley Public Policy Journal interviews visiting 23 Center for Environmental campus to get on with its work of educating students. The 1st Amendment, our public NYU professor of economics Public Policy status, and the legacy of the Free Speech Movement impose strong legal and moral 25 Center for Studies in strictures on what we do. Among other things, the Supreme Court has made it clear Dean Henry E. Brady that even “hate speech” is protected speech as long as it does not try to incite violence. 14 Veterans in the MPA Higher Education In September the campus was tested again as the campus Republicans invited con- Military experience and a Goldman education 26 Berkeley Global Programs servative author Ben Shapiro to come. Police were recruited from other UC campuses around the state so that an overwhelming police presence could ensure public safety. 24 Berkeley Institute for the The talk went off with only minor problems and the Wall Street Journal grudgingly said Future of Young Americans that “The University of California at Berkeley’s new chancellor, Carol Christ, has done Are young people really worse off than a democratic service by defending free speech on campus,” but they noted that it cost their parents were at the same age? $600,000 to provide adequate security. The campus was even more severely tested when a small campus online newspaper group, the Berkeley Patriot, invited Milo Yiannopoulos back to campus in the fall. Once again, the campus mobilized, spent about $800,000, reorganized several days of campus life, and pre- pared for these events. In the end, it turned out the events were more fantasy than fact. Yiannopoulos still showed up on Sproul Plaza on Sunday, surrounded by hundreds of police to provide protection, and made a fifteen minute speech. The Los Angeles Times described “How the ‘Coachella of Conservatism’ fizzled into an ‘expensive photo opp’ at Berkeley.” Editor’s Note TheSan Francisco Chronicle asked “And the point of all this was what exactly?” WHAT DO YOU THINK? The point was that Berkeley showed that it could protect free speech and continue As in semesters past, this issue of Policy Notes has a theme: transportation. Unlike the tradition started by the Free Speech Movement. Still, important issues remain: What other issues, it features many more bylines by alumni and students, and more opin- kind of “time, place, and manner” restrictions should a university impose to make sure ion pieces. Check out Bruce Schaller’s (MPP ’82) take on ride services like Lyft and that outside speakers do not interrupt its teaching and research mission? And should Uber. Read about that critical part of transportation that Margot Yapp (MPP ’05) there be some limits on how much a university has to spend each year to provide pro- says is right outside our front door. Read about student Michael Pimentel’s argu- tection at campus speaking events? Once again, Berkeley is a leader in thinking about ment in favor of the gas tax and see why Emily Alter thinks that traditional modes how we protect free speech while undertaking the basic mission of a university. G of transportation planning isn’t enough. Then let us know what you think. Send an email to [email protected] with your thoughts and comments. With enough interest, we may even start a “Readers Respond” column. Here’s to continuing the conversation! G

Bora Reed Henry E. Brady Editor Dean, Goldman School of Public Policy Class of 1941 Monroe Deutsch Professor of Political Science and Public Policy 2 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 3 In order to use the taxpayer’s money Essential Components billion for pavements alone, or $73 billion wisely, it makes more sense to preserve The transportation network also includes total for a functioning transportation sys- and maintain our roads in good condition, essential safety and traffic components tem, over the next decade. Only $2.5 bil- than to let them crumble further and such as curb ramps, sidewalks, storm lion per year will be needed to maintain spend more to fix them. The costs devel- drains, streetlights and signals. These the pavements after they reach a level at oped in this study are based on achieving components will require $32.1 billion which they can be maintained with best a roadway pavement condition called Best to maintain over the next 10 years, and management practices. California’s Local Street Management Practices (BMP). At this there is an estimated funding shortfall of To bring the local system back into a condition level, preventive maintenance $21.1 billion. cost-effective condition, thereby preserv- treatments (i.e., slurry seals, chip seals, ing the public’s $168 billion pavement and Road System is in Crisis thin overlays) are most cost-effective. Pre- Bridges investment and stopping further costly ventive maintenance interferes less with Local bridges are also an integral part of deterioration, $7.3 billion annually in new commerce and the public’s mobility and is the local streets and roads infrastructure. funds are needed — that’s equivalent to a By Margot Yapp, PE (MPP ’05) more environmentally friendly than reha- There are 12,501 local bridges (approxi- 49-cent-per-gallon gas tax increase. To the bilitation and reconstruction. mately 48 percent of the total) in Califor- average driver, that’s an additional 67 The importance of this approach is sig- nia. They have an estimated shortfall of cents a day. nificant. As roadway pavement conditions $1.7 billion to maintain the safety and Failure to invest would be disastrous — deteriorate, the cost to repair them integrity of the bridge infrastructure. not only for local streets and roads but for increases exponentially. For example, it California’s entire interrelated transporta- EVERY MORNING, when we open our What are the current pavement conditions costs as much as fourteen times more to Total Funding Shortfall tion system. Failure to invest will impact front door, whether we drive or bike to of local streets and roads? What will it cost reconstruct a pavement than to preserve The table below shows the total funding our ability to increase alternative modes, work, take our kids to school, take the to repair all streets and roads? What are it when it is in good condition. Even a shortfall of $73 billion (constant 2016 dol- active bicycle and pedestrian options, tran- bus or train, or go to the farmer’s mar- the needs for the essential components to modest resurfacing is four times more lars) over the next 10 years. sit needs, meet air quality impacts, green- ket, we begin our trip on a city street or a functioning system? How large is the expensive than maintenance in house gas reduction policies, and county road. funding shortfall? What are the solutions? the BMP condition. Or to put it Ten Year other environmental policies. But these are challenging times due to This study has been updated biennially another way, employing mainte- Transportation Asset The ten year efforts of CSAC increased demand and unreliable funding. since then and provides a critical piece in nance practices consistent with Needs Funding Shortfall and the League bore fruit in April 2017, when the Legislature In California, there is a significant focus providing policymakers with a more com- BMP results in treating as much Pavement $70.0 $19.8 $(50.2) on climate change and building sustain- plete picture of California’s transportation as fourteen times more road area passed and the Governor signed able communities, yet sustainable com- system funding needs. for the same cost. Essential Components $32.1 $11.0 $(21.1) the Road Repair and Account- munities cannot function without a well- All of California’s 58 counties and 482 By bringing the local road- ability Act. This raises over $5 bil- maintained local street and road system. cities were surveyed in 2016, and captured way system to BMP conditions, Bridges $4.6 $2.9 $(1.7) lion a year in new revenues for

The need for multi-modal opportunities data on more than 99 percent of the state’s cities and counties will be able Totals $106.7 $33.7 $(73.0) transportation statewide, of on the local system has never been more local streets and roads — a level of par- to maintain streets and roads which approximately $1.5 billion essential. Every component of California’s ticipation that makes clear the local inter- at the most cost-effective level. a year will go to cities and coun- transportation system is critical to provid- est in addressing the growing problems of It is a goal that is not only optimal, but What are the Solutions? ties. Although insufficient to completely ing a seamless, interconnected system that crumbling streets and roads. also necessary. The conclusions are inescapable. Given erase the shortfall, nonetheless, it repre- supports the traveling public and eco- The local road system is composed of Three funding scenarios determined that: existing funding levels available to cities sents an important first step for Califor- nomic vitality throughout the state. three categories: pavements, essential 1. The existing funding level of $1.98 and counties, California’s local streets and nia’s policy makers to grapple with our Most of us are unaware that cities and components (traffic, safety and regula- billion/year is inadequate. The PCI roads will continue to deteriorate over the transportation system. G counties are responsible for over 81 per- tory) and bridges. will deteriorate to 56, the unfunded next 10 years. It is alarming that local cent of California’s road system (over backlog will grow from $39 billion to streets and roads have decayed to the point 143,000 miles). Yet historically, statewide Pavements $59 billion and almost a quarter of the that funding will need to almost double Margot Yapp is Vice President at transportation funding investment deci- On a scale of zero (failed) to 100 (excel- road system will be in failed condition just to maintain current conditions. Nichols Consulting Engineers. sions have been made without local pave- lent), the statewide average Pavement Con- in ten short years. Investing in California’s local streets and ment condition data. dition Index (PCI) has deteriorated to 65 2. In order to maintain existing roads sooner will reduce the need for In 2008, the California State Association (“at risk” category) in 2016. Even more conditions, at least $3.5 billion/year exponentially more spending in the of Counties (CSAC) and the League of alarming, 52 of 58 counties are either at risk is needed. future. To reach that level — at which tax- California Cities (League) sponsored a or have poor pavements (the maps illus- 3. To reach Best Management Practices, payer money can be spent most cost-effec- study to answer important questions: trate the changes in condition since 2008). $7 billion/year is needed. tively — will require an additional $50.2

4 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 5 The Uber and Lyft Revolution? Space Matters

By Bruce Schaller (MPP ’82) In sum, TNCs are definitely good for personal mobility, but are Deploying Spatial Data to Solve Public Policy Problems RARELY DO NEW COMPANIES BURST INTO the transportation having serious impacts on cities as a whole. What is to be done? picture the way that Uber, Lyft and other app-based ride services There are many opportunities for public policy, and they are IMAGINE THAT YOU’VE BEEN GIVEN A MAP of the entire rail “The more I explored political and environmental phenomena at have done since 2012. These two companies now transport 6.6 just beginning to emerge as more is understood about the role system in India with the assignment to determine where to place a really granular level, the more I realized how little had been done million passengers per day, roughly triple traditional taxicabs that TNCs are playing in our major urban areas. grain silos in order to maximize utility and minimize transpor- to work with data in this way,” adds Terin. “ It was one of the first and about one-half the number of passengers traveling by local The first thing to recognize is that TNCs are profoundly tation costs. Or perhaps you’ve been tasked with determining recognitions of the fact that I could be on the frontiers of human bus in the United States. What are they? How are they transform- reshaping customer expectations for how people get around. The how many coast guard helicopters are needed to monitor the understanding just by combining information in novel ways.” ing urban transportation? What public policy responses, if any, two fastest-growing mobility services in New York City are TNCs Hawaiian coastline and where they should be located. How Along with lectures, readings and labs, students must complete are needed? and bikes. Both are on-demand, rubber-tired modes providing would you go about solving such problems? a final spatial data analysis project. Elizabeth Leuin analyzed To understand what is happening, it’s important to set aside point-to-point transportation. Their popularity shows that peo- These are the kinds of policy challenges tackled in Professor optimum beehive placement in almond farms to reduce farmer the hype. Are Uber and Lyft a “new modality,” as some have ple care most intensively about the end-to-end customer experi- Solomon Hsiang’s Spatial Data and Analysis class, which trains time and spending on field pollination. She created a complex claimed? Mostly, no. They look an awfully lot like traditional ence. They care less than commonly thought about which mode. students to “think spatially” by “engaging with spatial data... model that simulates bee pollinating behavior. This included taxicabs: on-demand, exclusive-ride transportation from your (Elected officials should take note and think twice about where intuitively and creatively.” separate algorithms for “scout” and “worker” bees based on hon- doorstep to your destination. The ease and transparency of their light rail and streetcar investments are appropriate). “Whether its disaster response, public health, environmental eybee colony behavior literature. She then ran a series of simula- services, however, have felt like a revolution to many customers. The challenge to transit agency managers is to compete on management or public finance... a lot of the policy puzzles that tions to determine optimal hive placement. The apps show how long customers will wait for the driver to service. Transit agencies need to systematically squeeze out the arrive and the intended route once in the cab, and enable auto- “pain points” of using transit, from knowing where the closest matic payment without fumbling for a credit card or cash. This bus stop is to uncertain waiting times and jam-packed trains. transparency and ready availability has fueled unprecedented Municipal officials need to clear street space to speed up buses growth in cities across the United States and indeed, globally. and enable them to maintain even spacing and thus to minimize Unfortunately, what is good for the individual user — a quick waiting times and unreliability. They also need to confront head-on and reliable way to get from A to B — is becoming problematic the inefficiencies of TNC service, namely far more vehicles driving for society as a whole. In big, dense cities ranging from Boston, around empty than are needed to service the next few passenger New York and Washington to San Francisco, Los Angeles and requests. Cities can assert control of their own streets to require Seattle, there are concerns about the impacts of these new mobil- TNCs and taxis alike to operate efficiently in congested areas. ity services on traffic congestion and public transit systems. In Often the hardest part of moving in a new policy direction is New York City alone, Uber, Lyft and other “Transportation Net- finding traction to take the first step. The proliferation of TNC work Companies” (TNCs) added over 600 million miles of driv- vehicles in our big cities offers opportunities to showcase solu- ing to city streets from 2013 to 2016, as shown in my report, tions in focused areas, be it a downtown area, along a congested “Unsustainable?” released earlier this year (http://schallerconsult. corridor, or through a congested intersection. Local officials can com/rideservices/unsustainable.htm). Other researchers have start by giving transit priority in these areas, establish pickup and found substantial increases in vehicle mileage due to TNC drop off areas for TNCs and taxis, and enforce average vehicle growth in San Francisco and the Denver area. occupancy minimums. Officials can show success in focused we deal with have a spatial component that’s often overlooked or Terin applied similar techniques to his final project, evaluating Many TNC users have switched from transit to TNCs. Fed up areas and then scale them up to larger areas. underplayed,” says Terin Mayer, who took the course last spring. investments in grassroots organizing for Minnesota’s 32 water- with slow, unreliable and crowded buses and trains, they now have The rise of TNCs can be good for cities as a whole, but only if “This course confronts the fact that space matters, and gives us shed districts, while Lisa looked at crime patterns on BART. the option of pulling out their smartphones and getting an Uber local officials leverage the opportunities TNCs have created. a set of tools to think rigorously about that fact.” “The class cemented my commitment to learning program- or Lyft. Other surveys have found that in big cities, only 10-25 TNCs might not be a new mode, but they have transformed what Throughout the world and across disciplines, researchers ming skills and advanced data collection techniques to solve percent of TNC users say they would have used a personal vehicle people expect in the simple act of getting around town. G are using the enormous amounts of spatial data generated by policy problems,” says Lisa. “My background is in criminal justice for the trip had a TNC not been available. The rest come from everything from satellite imaging to crime statistics to con- and there has been a long-time push for using spatial techniques taxi, transit, walking, biking, or new trips not made otherwise. duct innovative new research. Much of Professor Hsiang’s own in the field. It is definitely applicable in urban policy in general.” The original vision of “ride share” companies was that multiple research — on the economic cost of large weather events, for Elizabeth agrees, adding that she wants to incorporate spatial passengers taking overlapping trips would fill empty seats in Bruce Schaller is Principal of Schaller Con- example — is in this vein. But as far teaching students how to use research and analysis into her future work in environmental and these vehicles and reduce congestion and vehicle emissions. That sulting, based in Brooklyn, NY. An expert spatial data analysis to tackle public policy problems, this class agricultural policy. “There’s no better way to learn to code than does not look to be happening. Even several years after introduc- on issues surrounding the rise of new is unique. As such, this class not only draws Goldman School to be thrown into the deep-end with a complex policy problem,” ing UberPool and LyftLine, the companies report at most 25 mobility services in major US cities, he students, but graduate students from ecology, law, public health, she says. “This was one of the most challenging classes I have percent or so of their trips are pooled, and that is only in the has served as Deputy Commissioner for social welfare, economics, political science, geography and the taken at GSPP and as a result, one of the most rewarding.” country’s big cities. Those gains are minimized by the fact that Traffic and Planning at the NYC Depart- School of Information. “In lab assignments every week we had to take a set of formal only a portion of each trip is shared and the vehicles still need to ment of Transportation, Policy Director at The class “encompassed everything I wanted to do in graduate mathematical concepts explained on the blackboard and figure “dead-head” (without passengers) to the first pick-up. Further- the NYC Taxi and Limousine Commission, school,” says Lisa Quan. “The content was conceptually advanced; out how to translate those into algorithms that a computer can more, data from New York City shows that most pooled trips and consulted on urban transportation we coded in Matlab, which is one of the more difficult languages understand,” adds Terin. “Building this kind of skill is a key part originate in low-income neighborhoods, not Midtown Manhat- issues across the United States. to learn, and we learned how to make that leap from conceptual of unlocking the potential of computing power to transform how tan where pooling is most needed to reduce congestion. understanding to successful programming of the techniques.” research is done, and it totally got me hooked.” G

6 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 7 BERKELEY PUBLIC POLICY JOURNAL ment and fixing failed states (what used to be called nation building). It’s much better to use aid in well-targeted health pro- grams such as vaccinations and fighting A Conversation with malaria and all of that. To be fair to the humanitarian agencies, William Easterly they did indeed get more money for fight- ing malaria from the alliance for the war on terror, but the cost is that a lot of the ratio and that is taking money away from You have to remember it’s such a wide William Easterly is Professor of Economics at NYU and a visit- money was going to somewhat dangerous a much broader set of people in other open area; there are and there have been a ing faculty member at the Goldman School. The following is from regimes and a very bad environment for areas where it can prove to be effective. So lot of opportunities for success in this aid to work like Afghanistan. that’s the first reaction to your question. area. You are talking about a very large an interview conducted by students of the Berkeley Public Policy Then people will say, “are you just going pool of poor people in the world and a Journal. A longer version of the interview appears in their publication. BPPJ: Can you explain with a sim- to abandon the people of Afghanistan?” pretty large pool of money from rich peo- http://berkeleypublicpolicyjournal.org ple example why aid is so bad in post- I’m watching as I’m sure many others ple in rich countries that is being made conflict environments? are now, the new Ken Burns series on available to solve the problems of really WE: First of all, we’re often not talking Vietnam. There are so many parallels to poor people. In that situation, you should about the post-conflict environments, what’s now going on in Afghanistan, and be able to find something that uses rich we’re talking about where the conflict is a little while ago in Iraq. Invading people people’s money and technology to do good BPPJ: Your most recent book, The Tyranny We have tendency in development to voters as this ‘aid’ is good for our foreign still happening. So you’re in Afghanistan. to give them development just seems like for poor people who are lacking capital of Experts, made waves in development imagine that there’s some kind of utopian policy objectives and also good for helping You’re giving aid for a bridge, and the a terrible idea. And let me clarify that was and technology. circles. Your critics claim that the book is alternative, and anyone who is non-uto- poor people. If you can persuade the vot- bridge is blown up by the Taliban, so the not the main reason for the invasion. The We know there already have been suc- pessimistic and iconoclastic. Do you think pian is seen as pessimistic because there ers that they are getting a two-for-one deal funding did not turn out to be very pro- prominence of development as an idea cesses doing that — things like vaccina- that’s a fair characterization? exists this utopian alternative that will and that you can both promote US foreign ductive or you have extremely high over- took a colossal ratchet upwards at the time tion and fighting malaria and the progress WE: I’ve gotten that criticism on every solve everything. But there really isn’t policy objectives and also help people at head costs because any aid worker in war- of the Vietnam War. At this very moment, on clean water and lots of other areas. So book I’ve written. I think it’s more like a utopian alternative, there really is no the same time, it enables you to build this torn Afghanistan needs a very expensive the same thing is happening again. It if you put it that way, it is indeed possible who or what are you pessimistic about, utopian system available to us. Pointing kind of large alliance of people who care team of bodyguards and security costs are seems we just keep getting stuck in the to do good. Always keep that kind of and or who or what are you optimistic that out is not being pessimistic, it’s just only about US foreign policy and national enormous. It’s also very hard to monitor same way of thinking. hopeful attitude. The field is wide open, about, rather than just a blanket state- being realistic. security and another set of people who what’s happening with aid in such environ- there are so many possibilities. ment of pessimism. I think just like in the care only about humanitarian needs. Now ment. So it’s much more likely that corrup- BPPJ: What role can we as policy students aid debate, the proponents of aid are very BPPJ: Was that your impression when you you’ve got these two groups allied with tion is going to be a problem, of course. It’s take in these organizations/think tanks? BPPJ: So we should keep working but be a optimistic about the aid system and were at the World Bank, that there was each other, and you’ve got a lot of support very well-documented that corruption has How can we avoid reinforcing the same little skeptical at the same time? about aid bureaucracy, and I think they’re this general idea of a utopian possibility? for aid. It’s kind of understandable that it been appalling in Afghanistan. negative patterns in foreign aid? WE: People tend to think of skepticism as too pessimistic about poor people and WE: I wouldn’t say the World Bank was often happens. It happened during the WE: First of all, you can be involved in this destructive, nihilistic thing — we for- their resourcefulness and their ability to utopian. I just think they were too opti- Cold War. It’s happening now during the BPPJ: So if aid is not a viable way to help policy debates as a policymaker by belong- get that scepticism is central to the whole contribute to solutions of their own prob- mistic about tried and true solutions to war on terror. However, it does have some these people during a time of conflict, is ing to a think tank as an academic. Despite scientific process. Galileo was skeptical lems. In The Tyranny of Experts, the development, mainly involving monetary adverse effects. there an alternative way that the interna- all the skepticism that we’ve been talking that the sun was revolving around the debate is more about political and human flows of foreign aid, that the money itself Humanitarian people strike a sort of tional agencies, World Bank, or aid orga- about in this conversation, all the material earth and that made possible a huge revo- rights, and I think the pro-rights people would solve the problems. devil’s bargain with the national security nizations can affect the situation? trends are positive, like access to clean lution. Doctors became skeptical that are very optimistic about the ability of people. For example, the government WE: Before you go and give a good answer water, falling mortality rates, maternal stabbing you and drawing blood from you people to, again, hold people accountable BPPJ: The capital inflow. gives security agencies a lot more money to that question, let’s ask another question. mortality, infant mortality, under-5-mor- was not good for your health and that for finding solutions to their problems if WE: Well, the foreign aid inflow, yeah. for drone projects but then they are forced Why did the aid community decide that tality, life expectancy, rising education lev- skepticism eventually led to a huge revo- they have the political rights that enable That by making foreign aid money avail- to provide development aid to people who that conflict area should get all of the els — all these things are going right. lution in medicine. Skepticism is just a them to do so. That’s optimism about able by itself would solve all the problems. are allies in the war on terror, but these attention and almost all of the resources? There has been progress over time that way of vetting the possible solutions and people’s resourcefulness and willingness might be the worst environments for assis- People who are caught in conflicts are was advanced by having good, healthy then making sure that the one that works to participate in politics and advocate for BPPJ: Is foreign aid simply a tool for rich tance to be effective. What happened dur- tragic victims of really horrible stuff. There policy debates in those areas. Even advo- is the one that survives this wave of skep- their own freedoms and the freedoms of countries to enact their international pol- ing the Cold War is happening now. Aid are lots of other tragic victims of many dif- cacy is kind of a cousin of policy debate, I ticism. Applying that wave of skepticism their neighbors. That’s a kind of opti- icy priorities? is being used for foreign policy purposes, ferent awful problems that are more ame- guess — advocacy for human rights, for to many possible solutions is a way of kill- mism about the future of poor people, WE: One way to think about it is through and as a humanitarian, you go along with nable to aid fixes like health, education holding aid accountable, for preventing ing off the bad ones but it’s also a way of that they’re fighting for their own rights the lens of a social scientist. So there’s a it because you’re getting lots of money for and clean water. So again, it seems like violations that happen to poor people in making sure the good ones really do get and their own freedom. I think that’s sort of political economy of how you build development. A lot of money these days is there’s an excessive investment in an area having their land seized by the govern- verified and get the kind of funding and pretty optimistic. support for aid. You want to sell it to the being invested in a post-conflict environ- that has a very unfavorable cost-benefit ment or even by a development project. attention they deserve. G

8 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 9 FACULTY NOTES students Julie Nguyen

Michael Nacht gave an invited lecture on Robert B. Reich’s documentary Saving Capi- We live in unusually challenging times, Before coming to the Goldman School, Julie Nguyen (MPP candi- After being appointed as a high-ranking civil servant by French nuclear weapons policy at CalTech, spoke on talism, based on his latest book, breaks down especially if one is undocumented, impov- date ’19) worked as the head of “Bureau de la Tutelle et de la Pro- President François Hollande in 2015, I chose to work at the China’s maritime strategy at the Harvard Ken- how the economic system that helped make erished or an underrepresented minority. nedy School, and was an invited speaker at America so strong is now failing us, and Bob Birgeneau has continued to work with grammation” (Office of Trusteeship and Programming) in the French Ministry of Environment and Energy. This choice led me the memorial service for Nobel Laureate Tom what it will take to fix it. It is now available the undocumented student community here French Ministry of Environment and Energy. She spoke with to work on transportation policy. Schelling at the University of Maryland at Col- on Netflix. at Berkeley, most especially raising funds to Policy Notes about working on transportation policy in France lege Park. He appeared on KQED Forum with provide the undocumented students with and the European Union. What brought you to do the Goldman School? Michael Krasny to discuss the Trump National Richard Scheffler chaired a meeting on the the legal and psychological support services The Goldman School is one of the best schools in the world Security Council, and on KTVU on the North “Impact of Healthcare Market Concentration that they need to survive. The Berkeley com- What kind of transportation policy work did you where students can study environment and energy policy. I am Korean crisis. He completed a one-year term on Healthcare Prices and Premiums: What munity, including the faculty, staff, and stu- as Interim Director of the UC Berkeley Center Can and Should Be Done” at New York Uni- dents of GSPP, have stepped up admirably do in France and Europe? very interested in environmental equality, and the link between for Studies in Higher Education. He offered a versity in April, which brought together lead- for the undocumented students. On another In France, the Ministry of Environment and Energy is in charge environmental and human rights. I hope that my two years at series of lectures on management strategies ing academics and policymakers in the fields front, several GSPP faculty members (Steven of transportation, housing and urban development. It is there- Goldman will deepen my knowledge and skills in these policies. for the Goldman School’s 2017 MPA class. of antitrust. His paper with Daniel Arnold, Rafael, Amy Lerman and Bob Birgeneau) fore the most important ministry in terms of human and finan- “Insurer Market Power Lowers Prices In have been working with the Underground cial resources. There must be some very notable differences Bruce Wydick, professor of economics at USF, Numerous Concentrated Provider Markets”, Scholars Initiative. This is a remarkable group is teaching a development economics course was published in September issue of Health of Berkeley students who have been severely My team and I worked on the strategic plan for the French in transportation policy between the US and at Goldman this semester, and is excited to Affairs. His op-ed about the study’s findings, impacted by the incarceration system in Cal- Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development, Europe. Are there a couple of big ones that be back at Berkeley. His recent paper “Devel- titled “Corporations should act as their own ifornia and the rest of the country. Many and Networks, a major player in the European research on trans- stand out to you? oping Hope Among Impoverished Children: insurance companies in our broken healthcare of these students have served hard time portation and civil engineering. I was also involved in the con- Unlike the US federal government which can levy taxes on gas- Using Child Self-Portraits to Measure Pov- market,” was published in September in the including extensive solitary confinement in ception of the national transportation data platform, a study oline or other products to finance its transportation policy, the erty Program Impacts” was accepted at the Philadelphia Enquirer, and the study was cov- prisons like Pelican Bay and San Quentin. conducted jointly by the French Ministry and the National Map- European Union’s budget stems notably from the contribution Journal of Human Resources this spring. Past ered widely in industry media. In June, he led The faculty members have been providing media coverage of this research project has a week long investigation into Spanish health these students with support and guidance. ping Agency on the sovereignty risks related to the autonomous of the 28 Member States. The total budget of the European Union appeared in the BBC, USA Today, the Huff- care innovations and the lessons they hold In addition, he has been trying to raise phil- vehicles, and last but not least, the transposition in French law is equal approximately 1% of the GDP of the 28 Member States ington Post, and elsewhere. His paper “Shoe- for the US, bringing together US healthcare anthropic support for them with some recent of the European Directives on open data. (roughly $160B in FY 2017) whereas the federal budget of the ing the Children: The Impact of TOMs Shoes executives and Spanish clinicians, policy- success. They welcome any support that the US is more than 20% of its GDP. Therefore European Transpor- in Rural El Salvador” is forthcoming in the makers, and academics as part of a Robert GSPP community might be able to provide to tation Policy (like any other policies in Europe) is much more World Bank Economic Review and received Wood Johnson Foundation grant. While in these unique students. His efforts on behalf media attention in The Economist magazine. Spain, he gave the keynote address at IESE of public higher education have been put on related to regulation than investment. His paper “Does Child Sponsorship Pay Off in Business School’s Conference on Research hold post-November 8, and he will resume At the national level in France, the French Ministry of Envi- Adulthood?” was published in the April 2017 and Innovations in the Hospital Ecosystem, this activist public policy work once the situ- ronment and Energy is also in charge of transportation, housing World Bank Economic Review, and received discussing value-based healthcare. ation at the federal level clarifies itself. and urban development. Therefore, transportation policy is a media attention in National Affairs and the branch of French environmental and energy policy. We know World Bank “Let’s Talk Development” Blog. was recently awarded a Spencer co-authored a policy report Avi Feller Janelle Scott that the transportation sector emits 30% of greenhouse gas and Foundation/National Academy of Educa- published by the National Education Policy Daniel Kammen’s recent resignation letter tion post-doc. Center at the University of Colorado, Boul- consumes 35% of energy in France each year. Another notable from the State Department went viral with der entitled “Law and Order in School and difference between France and US transportation policies is the over 126,000 mentions and 7000 comments. Hilary Hoynes is the Co-Director of the Society: How Discipline and Policing Policies level at which the government is involved in the transportation He has garnered coverage from CNN, BBC, Berkeley Opportunity Lab (O-Lab), a new Harm Students and What We Can Do About sector. In France, almost all the transport companies are owned Le Monde, and a plethora of other news & Berkeley center dedicated to generating high It.” The report can be found here: http://nepc. by the French Ministry of Environment and Energy, who media outlets. In early September, he spoke quality evidence on poverty and inequal- colorado.edu/publication/law-and-order. She Julie Nguyen (center) with students and teachers at a Vietnamese at the Chinese national energy summit, and ity. Appointed by Nancy Pelosi, she’s also also received the Distinguished Faculty Mentor appoints the CEOs and any other key positions with the approval will return to Shanghai in November for a member of the Bipartisan Federal Com- Award from UC Berkeley’s Graduate Division.​​ high school where she taught a class on the environment. of the Parliament. the global roundtable, hosted by Bill Gates mission on Evidence-Based Policy Making, [My thanks to classmates Benjamin Kane, Justin Lam, and and Jack Ma. He signed a key global paper which presented its final report in the US Sarah Anzia recently published a paper titled How did you get involved in this policy area? Robert O’Connor who shared their knowledge of US transporta- on the clean energy transition, with other Capitol on September 7th along with the “Polarization and Policy: The Politics of Pub- I was born in a small village close to Hanoi in Vietnam. Coming tion policy with me]. signatories including Governor Brown and bill’s cosponsors Paul Ryan and Patty Mur- lic-Sector Pensions” in Legislative Studies from a modest family who earned our living by cultivating flow- the presidents of Ireland, Mexico, and Ger- ray. She delivered the keynote lecture at the Quarterly (coauthored with Terry M. Moe). many. Kammen is now back from sabbati- Royal Economic Society meetings in Bris- She has lectured on Urban Political Economy ers, I understand very well the value of nature and the land. I Are you hoping to return to this policy area after cal and is the chair of ERG and Director of tol, England on “The Social Safety Net as conference at Vanderbilt University in March, remember studying by the light of oil lamps because we didn’t graduation? What tools and experiences are you GSPP’s Center for Environmental Public an Investment.” Her research has been sum- and presented two new working papers at the have enough fuel and due to frequent power outages. I will never gaining from Goldman that will be useful to you? Policy (CEPP). He published the first open marized in the New York Times article “Sup- annual meeting of the american Political Sci- forget these hard but happy moments in my life. I would like to return to environment and energy policy work, access studies of the clean energy paths ply Side Economics, but for Liberals.” With ence Association, one on female candidates I developed a strong interest in environmental policy during either as a representative of the French government in the Euro- in China and Kenya, discussing the Kenyan Jesse Rothstein, she organized a roundtable in local elections in California, and one on study with the Kenyan Parliament. discussion on wage stagnation and economic how rising pension costs are affecting local an internship working with the European Commission’s chemi- pean Union or as a judge in the French national court special- opportunity in California. Additionally, she government budgets throughout the US. She cal and waste management frameworks. I was appointed by the izing in environmental justice. It is also possible that I’d work in William Easterly recently published a Wall was appointed to the National Academy of has been cited in both the New York Times French incumbent Minister of European Affairs, Nathalie Loi- another policy area altogether. One of my goals in being here at Street Journal book review, “How to Solve Science, in the Committee on Building an and the Sacramento Bee. seau at the end of 2014 to participate in the World Policy Con- the Goldman School is to expand my horizons by acquiring new Global Poverty,” in which he discusses Muham- Agenda to Reduce the Number of Children ference held in Seoul, which discussed the impact of climate policy tools, meeting outstanding people from different back- mad Yunus’s “A World of Three Zeroes.” in Poverty by Half in 10 Years. Continued on page 20 change on worldwide public health and immigration policy. grounds, and gaining new experiences. G

10 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 11 Multimodal Levels of Service In Defense of the “Gas Tax” A Case for Alternative Transportation Data By Michael Pimentel California to operate on the public highways a vehicle, or motor (MPP Candidate ’18) coach” is invalid “unless or until that proposed tax is submitted and Oakland. Employees from these areas have placed significant AFTER MORE THAN TWO YEARS of to the electorate and approved by a majority vote.” The initia- demand on residential real estate in and around San Francisco debate, the California State Legislature tive would apply to any tax that went into effect after January 1, and near freeways and BART lines. With communities unable to passed and Governor Jerry Brown 2017, thus requiring a popular vote on SB 1. Given California’s quickly increase their housing stock, the car-centric bedroom signed into law Senate Bill 1 (Beall & vast transportation funding needs, both initiatives are reckless communities of the South and East Bay have filled up fast (and Frazier), a bipartisan transportation and should be stopped by voters. expensively), putting strain on the public amenities and com- funding measure designed to address Here’s what the measures get wrong: munity cohesion of smaller cities. Those who cannot compete California’s growing backlog of deferred Our State Requires New Transportation Funding: Accord- have been forced to move farther away, creating even longer maintenance on local streets and roads, ing to a 2015 report by the Senate Transportation and Housing commutes and more freeway congestion. Our public transporta- state highways and public transit systems. The measure, which Committee, the state faces a $57 billion funding shortfall over tion system is relatively constrained by topography and seismic will generate $52.4 billion over the next ten years from increases the next ten years for the maintenance and operation of the state fault lines, which have made it difficult to extend Bay Area Rapid in various taxes and fees, was a top priority for Governor Brown highway system. This shortfall means that, today, only 59 percent Transit (BART) routes; meanwhile our buses are stuck on the in a year that also saw big legislative wins on climate change and of all state highway lane-miles are in “good” condition. A report same roads clogged with cars. air quality, housing affordability, and immigration policy. As with by the California State Association of Counties and the League Regional regulatory agencies, concerned about the impacts on most measures passed by the overwhelmingly Democratic leg- of California Cities similarly found that 52 of the 58 counties in our communities and our environment, are working to develop islature, SB 1 quickly drew the ire of Republicans across the state, the state have pavement that are either “at risk” or in “poor con- Bay Area-wide long-range plans to build more housing closer to who blasted its tax and fee increases as “another blow to already dition,” and require an additional $73 billion over the next ten jobs, expand and improve public transportation, and induce struggling Californians.” In a state where the number of regis- years to be brought into a state of good repair. The culprit for localized economic development, but these plans are cumber- tered Republicans trails the number of registered Democrats by these funding shortfalls is not mismanagement in Sacramento, By Emily Alter (MPP Candidate ’19) some, slow to implement, and address regional trends on more than 3 million, and where 69 percent of Democrats say the but rather excise taxes on gasoline and diesel fuel. As vehicles TRADITIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLANNING relies on Level of a macro-level. state is “going in the right direction,” attacks from the Right are have become increasingly fuel-efficient, these per-gallon taxes, Service (LOS) analysis to evaluate the impact of new road proj- On the local level, some cities are acknowledging the limita- routinely dismissed. Not this time. which provide a vast majority of funding for the rehabilitation ects on traffic. From interstate highways to low-volume residen- tions of traditional transportation planning through new and What separates the Right’s fury on SB 1 from other matters of highways, streets and roads, have generated less revenue for tial streets, project approval depends on existing available data innovative transportation planning technologies aimed at is the unpopularity of the “gas tax” itself and how that could the state. to ensure that new crosswalks, traffic lights, signal changes or encouraging alternative, cleaner modes of transportation. Juris- coalesce with the peculiarities of California’s constitution, which Action on Climate Change Requires Strategic Investments lane reconfigurations don’t unintentionally slow cars down or dictions are evaluating opportunities to provide bike lanes and allows for citizen-led initiatives. According to a recent poll by the in Transportation: According to the California Air Resources divert them onto other roads. boulevards, off-road trails, wider sidewalks, and more efficient University of California, Berkeley’s Institute of Governmental Board, the transportation sector is responsible for 38 percent of These traditional approaches to planning, however, continue bus service to offset the private automobile. Initially these proj- Studies, California voters disapprove of the measure by a margin total greenhouse gas emissions in the state. To make progress in to yield unforeseen results. Projects anticipated to alleviate con- ects were constrained to traditional planning metrics, which of 23 points, 58 percent to 35 percent. Importantly, voters with- our fight against climate change, we must make strategic invest- gestion have actually resulted in higher volumes of traffic. Con- often resulted in a negative impact in the short-term on automo- out a party preference disapprove of the measure by a stagger- ments in the transportation sector that reduce or eliminate vehic- trary to traditional understanding, researchers are finding that bile Level of Service. But communities know that they cannot ing 35 points. Republicans are listening. Following the signing of ular emissions and that promote “mode shift” that brings Cali- cars follow the laws of induced demand: as the amount of road- solve their transportation planning simply through wider roads, SB 1, Republicans advanced two initiative measures that would fornians out of their single-occupancy vehicles and into various way increases, so does our demand for it. Essentially, the short- so they’re developing new metrics altogether, called Multimodal repeal the various tax and fee increases in SB 1. The first measure, forms of shared mobility, like trains and buses. While SB 1 is term decrease in traffic from wider roads incentivizes drivers Levels of Service (MMLOS). This innovative new planning tech- filed by Assemblymember Travis Allen (R-Huntington Beach), primarily focused on rebuilding our crumbling state highways who weren’t previously on the road to choose their car to get nology evaluates the net positive impact of alternative modes of a 2018 candidate for Governor, would roll back SB 1’s tax and and local streets and roads, it also provides over $700 million around, with the false hope that it will be faster. The new con- transportation, offsetting any short-term negative impacts on fee increases, reverting California statute to what it was prior to annually for the maintenance and expansion of our public trans- sensus around this law of induced demand challenges the belief automobile traffic of getting people to walk, bike or take public the signing of SB 1. The second measure, ostensibly advanced by portation network. This investment in public transportation is that traffic is simply the result of insufficient space on the roads. transportation. Now let’s just hope the law of induced demand San Diego talk radio host Carl DeMaio, but rumored to be bank- the state’s single largest commitment in more than 40 years. As metropolitan areas continue to grow, city, county, and regional is at work here too! G rolled by Congressional Republicans, would amend California’s Additionally, SB 1 will provide $100 million annually for active decision makers are wondering how to reduce the associated constitution to state that the imposition, increase, or extension transportation projects that encourage bicycling and walking, increase in traffic. of any tax on the “sale, storage, use, or consumption of motor key components of a sustainable transportation network. In the Bay Area, the tech boom has forced rapid economic and Before coming to the Goldman School, Emily Alter was a vehicle gasoline or diesel fuel, or on the privilege of a resident of Using the Initiative Process to Score a Short-Term Win demographic shifts that have put extensive pressure on our Community Development Analyst for the City of El Cerrito, CA, Will Have Long-Term Consequence: While a repeal of SB 1 regional transportation systems. Silicon Valley remains the major working on transportation and climate action planning. will lower prices at the pump in 2018, it will compound the job center, with recent growth in employment in San Francisco Michael Pimentel is a Masters of Public Policy candidate at expense of necessary infrastructure work in the near future. An GSPP. Alongside his studies, Michael serves as a Legislative assessment by the California State Association of Counties and and Regulatory Advocate for the California Transit Association, the League of California Cities found that, if SB 1 funding is an organization representing more than 80 transit agencies in repealed, the percentage of failed streets and roads in California California. The Association was a key player in the stakeholder will increase from 6.9% today to 22.2% by 2026. This deteriora- coalition that helped secure the passage of Senate Bill 1. Continued on back page

12 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 13 students Veterans in the MPA

The Goldman School’s recently launched Master of Public Administration program has drawn an impressive cohort of professionals from to leave the world a better place than they VERNON: I believe that my Army expe- a wide variety of backgrounds, including the United States military. Two veterans, Leslie Hamilton and Dennis O’Connor, and an active found it. rience has helped in a few ways. First, duty service member, Captain Vernon Pittman,* (all MPA condidates ’18) spoke with Policy Notes about their experiences in the armed VERNON: Looking at the scope of the being able to work with a diverse group of services and what drew them to graduate studies at the Goldman School. program and the emphasis on strategy, people of varying backgrounds, experi- leadership, and ethics I felt that the MPA ences, and knowledge is directly applica- What was/is your When I started working to join the students to serve in the military. There was program was a perfect fit for me as an ble to my cohort in the MPA. Much like role in the military? Army, “Don’t Ask Don’t Tell” was still in a need in the military for doctors with Army officer and future strategist. I also the soldiers I work with, everyone in the VERNON: I am currently a promotable force and I was very out as a queer lady. both the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. I found value in the program duration. MPA cohort comes from different walks Army Captain transitioning to the Strate- Though my recruiter didn’t say it, that was thought this would be a way to do some- As a one-year program it allows me to of life with unique experiences and per- gist career field within the Army. I spent the reason that my application to join was thing meaningful with my medical degree, receive a superb education at a top uni- spectives that they are able to bring into the first half of my career as a Signal Offi- delayed for about 18 months. I moved on give back to my country, and have my versity, while still allowing me to get back the classroom. This diversity makes us cer primarily working with tactical com- from that plan and found another job and medical school paid for at the same time, to the operational Army in short order better as cohort. Secondly, I have done a puter and radio networks. My transition was getting ready to move from my home so I joined. to put all that I’ve learned to use on real great deal of work using the Military Deci- to being a Strategist means I’ll be working in Massachusetts to Seattle for my new job world problems. sion Making Process (MDMP) and some on strategy and policy development at the when my recruiter called me and said that Why did you choose work with Operational Design methodol- Leslie Hamilton Division and higher levels of the Army as my application had finally gone through. to pursue an MPA now How have your experiences in ogy and I find some overlap between these well as working in joint units of Army, Air The week before that phone call, President at the Goldman School? the service prepared you for and the Eightfold Path. Lastly, I believe Force, Navy, and Marine personnel and Obama had announced that Don’t Ask DENNIS: During my time in the military the MPA program? What do you that my diverse career within the Army multinational (i.e. NATO) organizations. Don’t Tell was going to be repealed. I left and civilian world, I’ve often wished I had hope to do with this degree? has helped out considerably. I have worked DENNIS: I was a shock trauma platoon for Basic Training a few weeks later. studied management or policy. Manage- LESLIE: The summer session for MPAs in Signal, Aviation, Infantry, and Field leader in the US Navy. A shock trauma VERNON: I started school at Appala- ment of medical facilities requires a high is intense: long days, lots to get done in a Artillery units and I have been to Signal- platoon is a unit that is made up of a doc- chian State University with the intent of degree of administrative and policy short time, and forming deep personal and Engineer-specific courses. What I’ve tor, a nurse, and a small number of corps- pursuing a business degree. In the first knowledge and I wanted to become more connections quickly. I was used to all learned is that all of these schools and men (medics) that is attached to a Marine few weeks of class a friend of my room- effective at this area of my job. those things and was able to manage my units have their own method, and require- Battalion and has the job of initial treat- mate who was an ROTC cadet was in our The Goldman School of Public Policy is time well so that I got as much as I could ments, for planning within the MDMP- ment of any casualties that the Marines room showing my roommate pictures of one of the best policy schools in the coun- out of the summer. It was, honestly, sort sometimes with drastically different out- have. It’s basically a mobile trauma bay ROTC cadets training in the field. One try and many of its priorities, including of a relief to still be in a place where peo- puts. I think this has helped me that treats gunshots, burns, or any other picture was of a group of cadets standing health care, matched my interests. Public ple are pushing themselves. understand that a person who is willing injuries the Marines have while out on in front of a Blackhawk helicopter. The education was my path to upward mobil- When I started the MPA, I had a pretty can learn to work outside of their “spe- deployment. It’s a demanding, fast-paced cadet told me that sometimes they get ity, and I respect the fact Berkeley is a pub- clear plan: I wanted to work to improve cialty” and still achieve success. Public job that requires you to be very flexible yet to do “air assault operations.” He elabo- lic institution and prioritizes education for access to mental health services for active Policy has so far been outside of my spe- provide the highest quality medical care rated that this included rappelling out of all members of our country not just for the duty service members. But, hearing about cialty, but I am comforted by knowing that Dennis O’Connor in a chaotic situation. helicopters. Not wanting to pass up the wealthy or well-connected. the work that the other members of my I and many in my cohort have faced this LESLIE: I was an Arabic language trans- opportunity to rappel out of a helicop- LESLIE: I decided to pursue an MPA cohort have been doing in all different sec- challenge before and come out of the other lator for the Army. I did translation and ter, I went to the ROTC department the now because I got out of the Army in tors and capacities has broadened the side better for the experience. transcription work for the Army and gov- next day to sign up for the program. I have March of this year. I wanted to go to grad- scope of my plans. I want to find a job As for long-term goals or desires, I feel ernment agencies. never regretted that decision. I also never uate school to build upon my leadership where my skills can be best used to help as though my experience in the military got a chance to rappel out of a helicopter experience and add more technical spe- my community. and the education I am receiving here at What was your path until I graduated and arrived at my first cialization. I’ve worked in management DENNIS: There are some general traits the Goldman School are opening up more to joining the military? unit, almost five years later. roles for the last 5 years in the Army but I that you have to pick up to be effective opportunities than I could count. From LESLIE: I started thinking that I might DENNIS: I joined the Navy during med- needed to learn how to translate that to in the military as well as medicine. I’ve working in public, private, or nonprofit want to join the Army while I was still in ical school in 2005. I had been a civilian the civilian world. I chose GSPP for a spent the last 12 years in an environment sector or working at one of the many think college. I wanted to be a part of something in college and had always been interested number of reasons including the school’s that values practicality and is very results- tanks in the country, the MPA program bigger than myself. I was motivated by a in military service. There was a program unparalleled reputation for academic oriented and I believe this is a good mind- and education will prove instrumental to sense of duty and challenge and the idea called the Health Professionals Scholar- excellence and its commitment to engag- set to approach management and policy. my future opportunities and success. G of finding out what the best version of me ship Program that was available for those ing with the outside world. I wanted to Being able to work as a team is stressed would be. in medical school that recruited medical learn from and with others who feel called in the military and in emergency med- icine; those skills are used at the Gold- man School for many assignments. I Captain Vernon Pittman *The views and opinions expressed here are the individual’s and do not necessarily state, reflect, or represent those of the United States want to use this degree to better manage Government, the Department of Defense or the US Army. a relief effort on the ground and organize medical programs.

14 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 15 event highlights

California and the Climate Fight: PPIA The State’s New Relationships with For its 36th consecutive summer, the Goldman School wel- Washington and the World comed thirty outstanding college juniors to be a part of the Welcoming MPAs and MPPs An expert panel convened to discuss California’s Public Policy International Affairs Junior Summer Insti- The Goldman School welcomed outstanding Mas- policy options given potential conflicts with the tute, designed to empower and better address the needs of ter of Public Affairs (summer) and Master of Public new US administration on issues of climate change historically under-served communities and prepare stu- Policy (fall), and PhD cohorts. and the environment. dents for graduate education in public policy and law. The Cal Day event was sponsored by the Goldman School’s Center on Civility & Democratic Engage- ment and Center for Environmental Public Policy.

From left: Dan Lindheim, Faculty Director, CCDE; Pro- fessor Sol Hsiang; Professor Meredith Fowlie, and Professor Carol Zabin with CEPP Executive Director Ned Helme (MPP ’99).

EPG Alumni Dinner Students in the Environmental Policy Group hosted its annual alumni dinner, featuring Roland Hwang (MPP ’92), Director of Energy & Transportation at the Natural Resources Defense Council.

Truth as a Common Good Robert B. Reich, Chancellor’s Professor and Carmel P. Fri- esen Chair in Public Policy, addressed “Truth as a Com- mon Good” at the 2017 spring dinner for the Goldman School Board of Advisors and Friends. Video available at http://bit.ly/truth-common-good.

From left: Alejandra Mejia-Cunningham (MPP ’13), Ben Gould (MPP ’17), Ankit Jain (MPP ’13), Christian Miller (MPP/ERG ’19), Ben Shapiro (MPP ’18).

Race in Shifting Times: Politics, Power, and Policymaking Students of Color in Public Policy (SCiPP), Blacks in Public Policy (BiPP), the Graduate Assembly (GA), Women in Public Policy (WiPP), Food and Agriculture Policy, Housing and Urban Policy (HUP), and the Migration and Refugee Policy Group (MRPG) co-sponsored the 7th Annual Race and Policy Symposium, a space to think critically and strategically about how to protect the rights and lives of people of color in local communities, and at the state and national level.

16 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 17 CLASS NOTES

Doug Spencer (MPP ’08) is currently a full time professor at the Uni- Nicole Bergeron (MPP ’95/JD ’96, UC Hastings) merged her prac- Cyndi Spindell Berck (MPP ’85/JD ’86) is one of the editors of “Agri- versity of Connecticut School of Law and was recently awarded tenure. tice with another woman-owned firm, VIVA Strategy + Communica- cultural Adaptation to Climate Change in Africa: Food Security in tions in September. Consulting in CA and CO, Nicole leads the firm’s a Changing Environment,” to be published in 2018 by Resources Velrasu Periyasmy (MPA ’17) is currently working as City Manager grant-making and portfolio design practice. Her expertise is working for the Future Press/Routledge. Co-editors are Peter Berck and on the Kalyan-Dombivali City council. This city has a population of with foundation, nonprofit, and government leaders on governance, Salvatore Di Falco. Following the even longer gestation of “Poca- 1.8 million and he works to address urban challenges in areas like leadership development, full cost funding, strategy, and communi- hontas and Sacagawea: Interwoven Legacies in American History” transportation, sanitation, and waste management. cations for social impact. Current clients include First 5 Alameda, (Commonwealth Books of Virginia, 2015), Cyndi is planning to and the Jacques M. Littlefield Foundation. She is President of the come back as an elephant in her next life because of the shorter Frank Molina (MPA ’17) and Phillip Peña (MPP ’17) joined a group of San Carlos School District Board of Trustees. gestation periods. Bay Area professional Latino men at LinkedIn SF to learn more about the Latino Community Foundation’s Latino Men’s SF giving circle. Stephen Rosenbaum (MPP ’79) has continued to litigate at Cali- Katie Short (MPP ’12) is now working in Houston, TX with Harris They were hosted by Christian Arana (MPP ’17) and consequently fornia Rural Legal Assistance on behalf of low income clients to County commissioner Rodney Ellis. If you find yourself in Houston, decided to join the LCF giving circle. They are looking forward to preserve public housing tenancies, stem the flow of students from feel free to drop her a line! giving and raising funds to support small local nonprofits which are comprehensive district schools to county-run alternative place- often overlooked by larger philanthropy. ments, and combat sexual harassment at the workplace. In May, Alex Greenwood (MPP ’93) is currently serving as Director of Eco- he was a panelist at a session on “Disablement and Decarceration: nomic & Community Development for the City of South San Fran- Danielle Love (MPP ’11) is happily still living and working in San Fran- Defining Disability Justice in an Age of Mass Incarceration” at the cisco, a position he’s had since 2014. cisco, as a Senior Analyst on SFUSD’s Human Capital Team. She and Haas Institute’s annual Othering and Belonging conference, in Oak- her partner, Luis, welcomed baby Matilda in February. land. In June and July he was a video-conference guest lecturer for Paula D. Gordon, Ph.D. (MA ’69) is the developer and instructor a series of Ateliers de la Clinique Juridique with students from a of a course that may be the first of its kind in the country. The Corey Ponder (MPP ’09) was named to the Board of Directors of the Frank Molina (MPA ’17) and Phillip Peña (MPP ’17) joined Christian law school clinic at the Université de Lomé in Togo. On Constitu- course includes a focus on the addiction cycle and the addictive Vanderbilt University Alumni Association this summer. Arana (MPP ’17) at LinkedIn SF to learn about the Latino Community tion Day (September 21) Steve spoke on a panel on “Confronting properties of marijuana. One in ten repeat adult users becomes Foundation’s (LCF) Latino Men’s SF giving circle. Hate Speech on College Campuses” at San Joaquin Delta College in addicted. Research concerning the relationship between the use Christian Arana (MPP ’17) is currently the policy director at the Stockton. In November, he will be a panelist in Guadalajara, Mexico of marijuana and the opioid epidemic will also be noted and dis- Latino Community Foundation in San Francisco, and has recently at the Foro Académico Mundial de los Derechos Humanos. Steve is cussed. Recent research on anomalies in the developing brain will written articles in the New York Times and the Sacramento Bee Claudia Johnson (MPP ’92/MPH ’92/JD ’97) delivered a TEDx talk in also co-authoring an article with a SFSU special education gradu- also be a focus of the course. This includes brain development addressing issues for Dreamers and Latinos: http://nyti.ms/2yKR1Zw September 2017. The talk was on Closing the justice gap and was part ate student on self-determination and self-advocacy for individuals in utero through age 25 to 29. Indeed, some brain experts say http://bit.ly/2wYmCck of Richland WA TEDx series. Claudia’s talk focused on how commu- with complex communication needs. that the brain is developing into the fifties. The topic of the three nities can work together to help people meet their legal needs when Week Online Course is “The Harmfulness of Marijuana Use and Max Aaronson (MPP ’17) Is currently working at EXIM Bank of the there are not enough free civil legal aid lawyers to meet the demand Sheetal Dhir (MPP ’13) just started as the Senior Campaigner for Public Policy Approaches Addressing the Challenges”. The online U.S. as a Business Development Specialist through the PMF Program. for civil law needs. The event was well received with an audience of Crisis and Tactical Response at Amnesty International USA. As the course is being offered through Auburn University Outreach in over 300 people. http://www.tedxrichland.com/ Senior Crisis Campaigner, Sheetal is responsible for crisis campaigns 2017 for the following dates: September 25–October 15, 2017 and Karen Levesque (PhD ’04) has taken a leap to become senior direc- globally and domestically in the US. For the most part she is devel- November 6–26, 2017. The course will likely be repeated four or tor for measurement and evaluation at Imagine Worldwide after Martha Ture (MPP ’84) is currently working as a wildlife photogra- oping campaigns in response to conflict, coups or other events that more times in 2018. For further information about the course see leading K-12 education at RTI International/MPR Associates for 27 pher, winning awards such as Best in Show in the digital 2016 Marin result in sudden, widespread and serious human rights violations. http://bit.ly/2y30j5N or call (334) 844-5100. Dr. Gordon’s work on years. Imagine Worldwide is a new nonprofit that seeks to build an County Fair, honorable mention in the 2017 Marin County Fair, and She is also be responsible for responding to swift political develop- the topic can be found at http://bit.ly/2y2qI3f. She may be contacted evidence base for personalized learning, beginning with autonomous acceptance in the Marin Society of Artists show 2017. More impor- ments that threaten human rights at home. at [email protected]. A recent paper of hers was delivered learning strategies in sub-Saharan Africa. The new position combines tantly, she loves what she does. She wakes before dawn, goes up at the International Criminology Conference in Washington, D.C. her strong professional belief in the promise of personalized learning on Mt. Tamalpais, and hangs out with the otters, coyotes, deer, her- Stuart Drown (MPP ’86) was recently featured in the top 20 Open on October 14, 2017. It is entitled “A Case for Protecting the Brain: to finally address educational equity and her lifelong love of Africa, ons, hawks, egrets, and eagles. You can find her website at https:// Government Leaders you Need to Know as part of the StateScoop Keeping the Federal Controlled Substances Act in Place and Pro- where she was a Peace corps volunteer in Senegal some years ago. mttamalpaisphotos.com. Her work contributes a little to societal Open Government Special Report. viding Non-Punitive, Justice System-Based Public Health Options health - Facebook friends tell her that starting their day with one of to Address the Use of Marijuana, Opiates, and Other Psychoac- Corey Newhouse (MPP ’03) is celebrating the 10th anniversary of her photos gives them a moment’s respite from the grim calamity in James Savage (PHD ’87) spent the Spring 2017 semester as a Ful- tive and Mood-Altering Drugs in America.” The paper is posted at Public Profit, a business management firm she founded to help which we are living. Meanwhile, she continues to have policy ideas bright Visiting Professor of International Relations at the Diplomatic http://bit.ly/2y2qI3f mission-driven organizations use their data more effectively. Public that she can’t get anyone to act on, continues to lose in her efforts Academy of Vienna, Austria. Two of his articles were accepted for Dr. Gordon is based in Washington, DC where she has served in Profit provides evaluation, capacity-building, and data visualization to protect open space in this county from county and city bureau- publication: “Enforcing the European Semester: The Politics of Asym- a variety of public policy roles in the Federal government. She has services to foundations, nonprofits, and cities around the US. crats, mountain bikers, and self-centered members of the public. metric Information in the Excessive Deficit and Macroeconomic also taught at number of universities, including George Washing- Imbalance Procedures,” in the Journal of European Public Policy, ton University and Johns Hopkins University, and prior to moving to Amy Vierra (MPP ’05) recently left the California Ocean Protection Rob Moore (MPP ’17) recently began working as a budget analyst and “The European Union Budget and the European Refugee and Washington, she had taught courses at Cal State Hayward and San Council and started her own consulting company focused on ocean at the Ohio Legislative Service Commission. Migration Crisis,” in the OECD Journal on Budgeting. Jose State. Her email address is [email protected]. and coastal policy (amyvierraconsulting.com). Her first client is the California State University system where she is helping their 500+ Besides caring for her aging parents, Susan Blachman (MPP ’79) co- faculty working in marine sciences to connect with policymaking at authored “Commercial Food Waste Reduction in Alameda County,” the state and federal level. Amy continues to reside in Sacramento, the first-ever study of wasted food prevention and recovery efforts CA with her husband and two kids. and opportunities in Alameda County. Highlights include over 50 The Goldman School is launching a podcast! policies and programs that if implemented could significantly reduce Talk Nicole Smith (MPP ’90/PHD ’02) retired from the U.S. Public Health wasted food going to landfill, infographic representation of the Check out http://talkpolicytome.org to hear stories from the people who are Service in July and is now living very happily on Bainbridge Island, food recovery ecosystem, and observations and findings based on To Me researching — and living — critical public policy issues. Hosted by Jonathan Stein WA. After 20 years in Atlanta, she is adjusting to life on the West research and interviews with key players. Funded by StopWaste, the Coast while pursuing an MBA in Sustainable Systems through the report is available to download on the Northern California Recycling (MPP/JD ’13) and Jasmine Jones (MPA candidate ’18). Presidio Graduate School. Association website http://bit.ly/2xVRRFG

18 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 19 from the desk of Annette Doornbos GSPP Board of Advisors The Unexpected Footprint Catherine L. Unger Cyrus Hadidi Retired Public Affairs Consultant; Portfolio Manager, JMB Capital Partners, LP Research with Impact Chair, Goldman School Board of Advisors GSPP is distinguished by faculty research that illuminates our Nancy Hult Ganis Henry E. Brady, Ex-officio Producer, Out of the Blue Entertainment; Annette Doornbos is the Assistant Dean for most critical issues and informs policy decision-makers from Dean, Goldman School of Public Policy; Class of 1941 Monroe Former Trustee, UC Berkeley Foundation External Relations and Development local to international arenas. For example, Steve Raphael’s Deutsch Chair of Political Science and Public Policy Stacy B. Jacobs, OD research informed California corrections realignment spear- Darius W. Anderson Owner and Director of Wine Operations, Rancho Valencia Resort; headed by then-CA Attorney General Kamala Harris. Rucker Founder & CEO, Platinum Advisors; Trustee, UC Berkeley Foundation Founder & CEO, Kenwood Investments Johnson’s findings on school desegregation definitively corrobo- David T. Jiang THE GOLDMAN SCHOOL IS NOT THE LARGEST OF ITS KIND. rates its societal value. Sol Hsiang’s research on the social cost of Ophelia Basgal Chief Executive Officer, PineBridge Investments Visiting Scholar, University of California, Berkeley Terner Center The School’s 237 MPP, MPA and PhD graduate candidates account carbon resulted in consideration in the federal budgeting process for Housing Innovation; Former Regional Administrator, US Joanne Kozberg for less than 3% of UCB’s graduate student population. In turn, of the economic impact of climate change. Jennifer Bussell’s Department of Housing and Urban Development’s Region IX Principal, California Strategies, LLC UCB is one of ten campuses that comprise the University of Cali- timely work focuses on natural disasters in developing countries Wayne Brown (MPP/JD ’92) Noëlle Leca fornia (UC) system, which, in economic terms, would qualify as the and the incentives of governments to invest in preparedness. Deputy General Counsel & Chief Intellectual Property Officer, Retired Senior Vice President & General Manager, eBusiness, Quest Diagnostic Genesys Telecom/Alcatel 13th largest state. GSPP is a small branch on the mighty UC tree. Outreach to Inform and Engage Donna Coit Marc A. Levin The picture changes dramatically when you view GSPP in Retired Nutritionist, Educator, and Program Manager Program Director, ArtsWest, Stanford University’s Bill Lane terms of influence and impact. As it moves on its path of policy A robust social media and communications enterprise extends Center for the American West David M. deWilde research, implementation and public outreach, the Goldman the Goldman School’s sphere of impact to the greater public, both Private Investor and Management Consultant, Formerly, Mel Levine School’s footprint belies any idea that it lacks heft. Consider in the US and abroad. Over 5,000 alumni and friends receive the Founder and CEO, Chartwell Partners International; Counsel and Former Partner, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP; GSPP’s impact and influence across multiple fronts: eDigest with its links to articles and video. The GSPP website is President, Government National Mortgage Association Former US Representative, 27th Congressional District content-rich and augments Policy Notes with topical news shorts. Todd Dipaola Jim Losi Co-founder and President, inMarket; Founder and Chair, Kundebana Foundation University of California Our UCTV Public Policy Channel and library of lectures have Co-founder and former CFO, Vantage Media GSPP’s engagement with the UC system starts at the top. UC garnered over 5 million views, with over 30% international. And James D. Marver (MPP ’74, Ph.D. ’78) Bettina Duval Co-Founder and Managing Director, VantagePoint Capital Partners President Janet Napolitano holds a GSPP faculty appointment. our new podcast series promises to add a whole new dimension Founder and President, CALIFORNIALIST She presented her vision for UC at a faculty meeting and dis- of accessibility to GSPP content. Nancy McFadden Joseph Epstein Executive Secretary to Governor Edmund G. Brown, cussed the challenges facing the system. Well-attended Goldman Add the multiplier effect GSPP’s alumni in public leadership President, Sierra Steel Trading LLC Office of the Governor, State of CA School events in LA, NYC and the Bay Area have featured Pres- bring to the equation and suddenly it’s clear that the School in its Robert Epstein, PhD Michael Nacht, Ex-officio ident Napolitano. She has supported the work of our Center for most important terms — making a difference and changing the Co-founder, Environmental Entrepeneurs; Thomas and Alison Schneider Chair, Goldman School of Public Environmental Public Policy (CEPP) both financially and as a world for the better — could hardly be considered small. In the Co-founder and former EVP, Sybase Policy; Former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Global Strategic Affairs, US Department of Defense program participant. Best of all, she is surrounded by our alumni ways that matter, there is so much more than meets the eye at 2607 Charles L. Frankel Hearst Ave. And the lives of countless people are better for it. G President, Frankel International Development Organization Gary B. Pruitt (MPP/JD ’81) who hold top UCOP positions. President and CEO, The Associated Press John Gage, PhD Former Chief Researcher and Vice President Paul Sack of the Science Office, Sun Microsystems Founder and Advisor, Sack Properties Faculty Notes Continued from page 7 Shelly Gehshan (MPP ’85), Ex-Officio Thomas C. Schneider Chair, Goldman School of Public Policy Alumni Board Retired Advisory Director, Morgan Stanley; Jennifer Skeem recently consulted with the Henry Brady delivered papers (with Cynthia the School’s IT team and online-course Former Trustee, UC Berkeley Foundation Science Education department at KQED to Kaplan) on the collapse of the Soviet Union instructional-design colleagues on campus, Douglas E. Goldman, MD, Ex-officio produce an informative video geared towards at the Midwest Political Science Association to explore opportunities for the School in Chairman and Founder, Certain, Inc.; President, Lisa and Douglas Michelle Schwartz (MPP/MPH ’88) high school students that introduces risk meetings in Chicago in April 2017 and at the the realm of digital-pedagogy strategy. In Goldman Fund; Trustee, UC Berkeley Foundation Principal, M. Schwartz Associates; Trustee, UC Berkeley Foundation assessment tools in the criminal justice sys- American Political Science Association in San July, Rosenthal and Brady presented on Garrett Gruener tem. She also moderated a panel that focused Francisco in September. His book review of these topics before the Executive Leader- Executive Chairman, Nanōmix, Inc.; Co-Founder, Alta Partners; Budd Shenkin, MD (MPP ’71) on risk assessment at the Inclusive AI Sym- Christopher Newfield, The Great Mistake: How ship Academy of the UC Center for Stud- Founder, Ask Jeeves, now Ask.Com President, Bayside Medical Group posium on May 10, 2017. This panel discussed We Wrecked Public Universities and How We ies in Higher Education in July. Continuing Thomas P. Grumbly (MPP ’74) Steve Silberstein the promise and perils of using risk assess- can Fix Them will appear soon in the British his research pursuits in the areas of local President, Supporters of Agricultural Research Foundation Retired Co-Founder, Innovative Interfaces, Inc.; ment instructions and other “algorithms” Journal of Sociology. His new book (with governance and housing policy, Rosenthal Trustee, UC Berkeley Foundation to inform policing and criminal justice deci- Kay Schlozman and Sidney Verba), Unequal earlier this year completed a working paper sions. A study she authored was recently and Unrepresented: Political Inequality and delivering case studies of recent Califor- published in the Journal of the American the People’s Voice in the New Gilded Age, is nia municipal bankruptcies, for submission Medical Association (JAMA) — Psychiatry, being published in April 2018 by Princeton to the MacArthur Foundation. He is now EMERITI BOARD MEMBERS assessing whether specialty probation yields University Press. finalizing a book chapter addressing chal- Maren Anderson President, MDA Consulting Inc; Al Bowker (d. 2008) Prof. of Statistics Emeritus, UC Berkeley; Chancellor Emeritus; John Cummins UC Berkeley, Assoc. Chancellor (Ret.); John De Luca Chairman of the Board & President, UCSF Gallo Research Center; Former President & CEO, Wine Institute; better public safety outcomes than traditional lenges facing US social housing organiza- Aaron Estis (MPP ’85) President, The Estis Group; Dianne Feinstein United States Senator; Richard N. Goldman (d. 2010) President, Richard & Rhoda probation, for justice-involved people with Larry Rosenthal, now Senior Lecturer at tions, focusing upon the Boston and San Goldman Fund; Peter D. Hart Chairman, Peter D. Hart Research Associates; I. Michael Heyman (d. 2011) Chancellor Emeritus, Prof. of Law Emeritus, City mental illness. Professor Skeem was inter- GSPP, was appointed in the spring of 2017 Francisco Bay Area regions. Planning Secretary Emeritus, Smithsonian Institution; Martha Hertelendy Vice-Chair, World Affairs Council;Richard Liu Chair & Pres, Superior Holdings viewed by KCBS, and both Berkeley News to the position of Executive Director for Lmtd; Arnold Meltsner Prof. of Public Policy Emeritus, Goldman School of Public Policy; William Reilly President & CEO, Aqua International Partners LP; Harold Smith Distinguished Visiting Scholar (former); Charles Townes (d. 2015) Nobel Laureate, Professor Emeritus, Dept. of Physics; Carl Vogt Retired and Reuters News highlighted the importance Online Initiatives. He is working with Dean Alexander Gelber received tenure at Gold- Senior Partner, Fulbright & Jaworski LLP, President Emeritus, Williams College; Mason Willrich Former Chair, California Independent System Operator of these findings. Henry Brady and the faculty, as well as man last year. Governing Board; Director, California Clean Energy Fund; Senior Advisor, MIT Energy Innovation Project; Osamu Yamada International Business Consultant

20 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 21 Center on Civility and Democratic Engagement Center for Environmental Public Policy

THE GOLDMAN SCHOOL’S CENTER ON In a similar spirit, CCDE sponsored a ists included Professors Meredith Fowlie A REPORT FROM THE CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PUBLIC CIVILITY AND DEMOCRATIC ENGAGE- nominally left/right Homecoming panel (Environmental and Resource Econom- POLICY provides new policy recommendations to help imple- MENT (CCDE) has been actively involved in late October, The 2016 Election: What ics), Sol Hsiang (Goldman School), Carol ment California’s recently legislated program to eliminate in the effort to promote real free speech Working Class Voters are Thinking, with Zabin (Research Director, UC Berkeley hotspots of severe air pollution harming the health of people in and dialogue on campus. Dan Lind- Cal Professor Arlie Hochschild, whose Labor Center), and Ned Helme (Exec- disadvantaged communities. heim, the CCDE Faculty Director, was recent book Strangers in Their Own Land utive Director, Goldman School’s Cen- Assembly Bill 617, passed by the California Legislature and tasked by the Chancellor to chair a fac- discussed the views, values and politics of ter for Environmental Public Policy). signed by Gov. Jerry Brown in July, establishes that meeting ulty/student committee to create a working class voters in Louisiana and Vis- This diverse and wide-ranging panel regional air quality standards is not enough, and that people in series of point/counterpoint events iting Professor Steven Hayward, a fre- discussed the implications for Califor- communities near pollution sources must be protected from where prominent people of divergent quent conservative/libertarian commenta- nia of the changing Federal attitudes elevated exposures to harmful emissions. views actually converse and discuss tor and the former Ronald Reagan toward climate policy and the US com- “This year’s landmark climate change policies were centered important topical issues. It is an affir- Professor of Public Policy at Pepperdine mitment to the Paris Accords and has around air quality; bringing about greater transparency and true mative effort to show that meaningful University. CCDE was pleased to co-spon- already garnered more than 60,000 climate equity in areas that historically have been disproportion- and substantive discussion is possible sor this special event with The Berkeley views on UCTV. You can view these ately impacted by pollution,” said Assemblyman Eduardo Garcia even between people of very different Forum, a non-partisan, student-run orga- CCDE programs and more on the Gold- (D-Coachella), chair of the Joint Legislative Committee on Cli- viewpoints. The planning process itself nization here on campus that hosts man School’s Public Policy Channel at mate Change Policies. has already had the effect of bringing debates, panels, and talks by leading https://www.uctv.tv/public-policy. “AB 617 opens a new frontier in how we control air pollution together students and faculty from a experts from a variety of fields. The CCDE is also accelerating its core and builds upon advancements in low-cost pollution sensing wide range of political and interest Last Spring, CCDE sponsored a Cal work to foster greater civility and demo- technologies to help fill a major public health protection gap in group perspectives, who themselves are Day panel on California and the Cli- cratic engagement through various con- California and potentially other environmentally vulnerable also sponsoring their own efforts to dis- mate Fight: the State’s New Relationship venings, student scholarships as well as communities across the globe,” Garcia said. Traditional clean air laws, while effective in lowering average pol- cuss difficult issues on campus. with Washington and the World. Panel- faculty and student research work. G The study released by CEPP provides specific recommenda- lution exposure, often overlook localized pollution hotspots. tions to improve public health and literally save lives in low- The California Legislature will need to appropriate funding for income and minority neighborhoods located near pollution the network of new sensors, community-based pollution reduc- sources like marine terminals, trucking warehouses, chemical tion strategies, and CEPP-recommended financial incentives to plants, and refineries found in California, the Gulf Coast and replace dirty diesel truck engines with electric motors. other areas across the nation, according to Ned Helme, CEPP’s “This financing is the critical ingredient to successfully imple- executive director. ment this path-breaking clean air legislation,” said Helme. “New, low-cost air pollution sensor technology makes it pos- Jack Broadbent, executive secretary of the Bay Area Air Qual- alumni board What Lies Ahead sible to target air emissions abatement to the local level. This ity Management District, participated in the discussions for the could be a model for the nation,” he added. report. He said its recommendations “will transform how we as By Shelly Gehshan (MPP ’85) The report, “Advancing Environmental Justice: A New State regulators can ensure health protection for our most vulnerable 2017–18 Alumni Board Regulatory Framework to Abate Community-Level Air Pollution citizens. We are eager to move forward with our communities to Who Are Your Board Members? What lies ahead? Hotspots and Improve Health Outcomes” (http://bit.ly/advance- make this vision a reality.” First of all, I’d like to welcome new The top priorities for the board this enviro-justice), is based on research and policy discussions with Luis Olmedo of Brawley, Calif., director of Comite Civico Del Chloe Brown (MPA ’17) members and bid a fond and grateful year are: more than 40 key California government officials, environmen- Valle, a leading local environmental justice group in the Imperial Victoria Brown (MPP ’11) farewell to those who left the board. Jon- ■■ working with classes who will celebrate tal justice advocates and industry representatives. Valley, participated in the CEPP discussions. He said it is essen- Brittaney Carter (MPP ’15) athan Stein (MPP/JD ’13) and Enrique a big reunion next year in conjunction It recommends actions by California to designate local hotspot tial that community organizations are empowered to join in James Chadam (MPP ’95) Ruacho (MPP ’12) rotated off the board with the Fall 2018 alumni dinner areas, deploy the new sensor technology, design emission con- monitoring local air pollution as well as in designing strategies Ginny Fang (MPP ’08) at the end of their terms and will be ■■ helping the school raise its digital pro- trols and engage communities in reducing excessive exposures for pollution abatement. Mary June Flores (MPP/MPH ’15) sorely missed. file (post early and often!) to air pollution. “We have been battling the air pollution that shortens lives in Maureen Friar (MPP ’90) Then, in the best GSPP tradition, we ■■ developing a network of international “We can now identify and reduce dangerous pollution in areas disadvantaged communities for a long time,” added Brian Bev- ran an election with a full slate of tal- alumni and hosting events for it as small as a city block where the worst pollution exposures are eridge, co-director of the West Oakland Environmental Indica- Shelly Gehshan (MPP ’85) Chair ented, wonderful candidates. Ginny Fang ■■ thinking through how to integrate MPA occurring and where residents are experiencing disproportion- tors Project, and a CEPP project participant. Jay Liao (MPP ’11) (MPP ’08), Armando Salcedo-Cisneros alumni into all of the Board’s activities ately higher rates of emergency room admissions for asthma,” In his neighborhood, Beveridge said, the CEPP recommenda- Andy Lomeli (MPP ’13) (MPP ’10) and Maureen Friar (MPP ’90) ■■ providing leads on jobs, internships, said Helme. tions will provide a valuable new path for reducing pollution Corey Matthews (MPP ’15) were re-elected and will serve their sec- APA/IPA/CAP projects and contacting The CEPP study emphasizes tapping direct community involve- from marine terminals and warehouse operations. Julia Nagle (MPP ’11) ond term through 2020. And two new newly-admitted students to GSPP. ment to make the legislation’s hotspot abatement program work. Research for the report included extensive discussions, work- Armando Salcedo Cisneros members joined the board: Andy Lomeli With support from the state, communities can strategically ing groups and feedback about how to increase health protection (MPP ’10) (MPP ’13) and Chloe Brown (MPA ’17). More information about the GSPP deploy sensors on the front porches of hundreds of residences to for vulnerable populations. Participants included environmental Lauren Vargas (MPP ’14) We are excited to work with our new and Alumni Board can be found at http:// create a dense network across affected neighborhoods that can arm justice groups, industry and environmental representatives, state returning members this year! gspp.berkeley.edu/alumni-association G citizens with accurate data and knowledge of their local situation. and local agencies, labor and UC faculty experts. G

22 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 23 Berkeley Institute for the Future of Young Americans New Nationalism and Universities Center for Studies in Higher Education Celebrates its 60th Year By Sarah Swanbeck and James Hawkins (MPP Candidate ’18) FIGURE 2: 16–24 vs 65+ Age JUST ABOUT EVERYWHERE YOU LOOKED in the last decade, 18 to 24 65 or older By John Aubrey Douglass you could find more cause for alarm about the financial security POLICY WONKS WHO FOLLOW THE AGENDA OF MINISTRIES $35K of the millennial generation. As young people have continued to throughout the world know that higher education is often among struggle to find their footing in the wake of the Great Recession, we $30K the top five policy areas for new initiatives and reforms. Whether

have seen stagnant wages and high unemployment, increasingly $25K it is in China, Japan, Korea, Russia, Germany, France, South less affordable housing, and mounting student debt obligations. Investment Africa, or Brazil, national leaders have embraced the idea that In August, the Berkeley Institute for the Future of Young me $20K having a productive higher education system, and specifically a Americans hosted a diverse group of young Californians for its $15K set of high quality research universities, is the key to global eco- Mean In co

second annual summit to talk about the most pressing economic $10K nomic competitiveness and social cohesion. challenges with which young people in the state are grappling. Social Security The Center for Studies in Higher Education remains a produc- Wage Earnings The conference featured panels on the changing nature of work $5K tive locale for research and discussions, comparative data, for Wage Earnings and its consequences for the next generation of American work- $0K analyzing these global policy trends, as well as a forum for think- 196221989 016 1962 1989 2016 ers, how healthcare reform at a federal level may have important Year Year ing about the future of higher education in California. CSHE is

implications for young Californians seeking coverage, and the Source Other Business Government now one of four research centers located at GSPP, but its roots role of young activists in driving social movements. It was an Investment Retirement Social Security Wage Earnings go back to 1957. That year, a proposal developed by Clark Kerr,

opportunity to hear from young policymakers and activists Data Source: IPUMS-CPS, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org. Robert Gordon Sproul, faculty member T.R. McConnell, work- across the state and to bring together activists and academics to ing with John Gardner — then president of the Carnegie Cor- set a comprehensive agenda for the future. ized none of these gains; a Millennial today is doing only about poration and later the architect of President Johnson’s Great To understand the particular challenges for young people as well as her Boomer parents were doing in the 1960s. Society programs — saw a need for systematic study of America’s around jobs and healthcare and political engagement, we first While much of the increase in income for older age groups can burgeoning higher education system. wanted a clear picture for how the millennial generation com- be attributed to rising wages, this is not the case for those over CSHE was borne with Carnegie money, becoming the first pares to previous generations. Specifically, we wanted to know, 65. For the elderly, wages have risen, but so has government sup- higher education research center not only in the US, but the are young people today really any worse off than their parents were port. Average income from Social Security benefits was about world. Under the guidance first of McConnell, and later notables they operate is once again undergoing a transition, reflective of at the same age? $6k in 1968 and has more than doubled since then (Figure 2). such a GSPP faculty member Martin Trow, CSHE also expanded a significant change in domestic politics and international rela- Using the US Census Bureau’s Current Population Survey Conversely, while the young do have some educational benefits its research mission to examine the rising tide of globalization tions — a populist shift inwards among a key group of major (CPS), which samples US working age adults in non-institutional (e.g., Pell Grants) and some income support (e.g., Social Security and its influence on higher education — and vice versa. Always nations. Participants will explore the influence of nationalism, settings, we were able to calculate average income over time by and Disability Insurance), there is nothing on the same scale. at the heart of the Center’s activities has been a devotion to pur- the old and new versions, on major national universities. One age cohort. The results of this analysis (Figure 1), show that, while America, as a society, has committed to seniors that they should suing multidisciplinary research and acting as a home for a net- session will focus on the American universities in the Trump for most age groups median income has grown since the 1960s, not have to live in poverty as they leave the labor market. Our work of scholars and visitors from throughout the world. era — an evolving story. for 18-24 year-olds, income has remained relatively flat. In other country has made significant investments in Social Security and Current research programs focus on the history of universities CSHE offers an expanded opportunity for GSPP faculty and words, while the economy has grown to about 28 times its size in Medicare and, as a result, the elderly poverty rate in the US has and their role in society, higher education finance and gover- students, and its research centers to collaborate and find syner- the 1960s, and while other age groups have seen their incomes fallen from 28.5% in 1966 to 9.1% in 2012 (and plenty of policy- nance, the role research universities play in economic develop- gies. If you are interested in being on the CSHE listserve for rise as a result of this growth, the youngest Americans have real- makers would argue that we can do more).1 Yet our country has ment, institutional global engagement strategies, and interna- notices of events and publications, please contact center staff at: not made the same kind of commitment to young people as they tional comparative research on the student experience via a [email protected] G FIGURE 1: SEPARATE enter the labor market. Young Americans, who are in a similarly Center based consortium of some forty of the world’s top Age 18–24 25–29 30–34 35–44 45–54 55–64 65 and over vulnerable stage of life, who have not had time to build wealth, research universities. CSHE also has a widely read scholarly and do not receive government support on the same scale. An entire policy focused research publication series that reflects its multi- John Aubrey Douglass is Senior Research Fellow for Public Pol- $40K generation of Americans is coming of age during a time of grow- disciplinary focus. icy and Higher Education at CSHE.. He is the lead author in The $35K ing inequality, a widening skills gap, and stagnant wages, with This year marks the Center’s 60th anniversary. To help cele- New Flagship University: Changing the Paradigm from Global $30K little cushion for the inevitable setbacks in life. Which then leaves brate six decades of being on the Berkeley campus, we are orga- Ranking to National Relevancy (Palgrave Mcmillan 2016) and

me $25K us with the important question: what are the kinds of investments nizing the CSHE@60 Conference on the topic of New National- most recently with John H. Hawkins Envisioning the Asian New Flagship University: Its Past and Vital Future (Berkeley Public $20K we should be making in the millennial generation to help support ism and Universities on November 16 and 17 of this year. This them as they move into adulthood? G event will gather CSHE alumni and affiliated researchers, along Policy Press, 2017). Median In co $15K with leading scholars and practitioners from throughout the $10K world, to discuss the complex forces shaping populist movements $5K Sarah Swanbeck is the Executive Director for the Berkeley in many parts of the world and how they are influencing the mis- $0K Institute for the Future of Young Americans. James Hawkins sions, activities, behaviors, and productivity of major leading Editor’s note: the Spring 2017 issue of Policy Notes misidenti- 196221989 016 196221989 016 196221989 016 196221989 016 196221989 016 1962 1989 20166 196221989 016 Year Year Year Year Year Year Year is a Master of Public Policy candidate at the Goldman School. national universities. fied the name of CSHE’s founding director. The Center’s first Data Source: IPUMS-CPS, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org. Universities have been at the forefront of both national devel- director was T.R. McConnell, former Chancellor of the Univer- opment and global integration. They undoubtedly will continue sity of Buffalo. 1 PEW http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/01/13/whos-poor-in-america-50-years-into-the-war-on-poverty-a-data-portrait/ to play this dual role. But the political and policy world in which

24 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 25 Berkeley Global Programs

Semester Fellows visited both the Oakland and Berkeley Convention on the Civil Aspects of Interna- An amazing cohort of 9 fellows graduated City Hall, the Metropolitan Transporta- tional Child Abduction in Case Involving in Spring 2017 from the semester program tion Commission, and the Bay Area Battered Respondents: A New York Bench at Global & Executive Programs: 5 from the Council, where they came to better Guide for State and Federal Court Judges. Government of India and 4 from the Uni- understand the Bay Area’s regional intri- This Bench Guide was developed in part- versiti Brunei Darussalam. This was our cacies and global reach. nership with the New York Hague Con- first year partnering with the School of Just as impressive and diverse are our vention and Domestic Bench Guide Con- Social Welfare who jointly hosted Brunei Government of India fellows, whose post- sulting Committee and a pro bono team Fellow Mr. Dimang Chhan, a Masters of ings include the Ministry of Defense, the from law firm, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Mea- Public Administration student who cur- National Institution for Transforming gher & Flom LLP. rently serves as the Chief of Bureau for the India, the Department of Heavy Industry, The Hague DV Project also developed Royal Government of Cambodia’s Ministry and the Maharashtra Sales Tax Depart- Fall 2017 Semester Government of India Disruptive Technologies: Value of the Public Good executive education program participants a Model Bench Guide that can be adapted of Tourism. He was joined by a diverse ment. One India Fellow, Ms. Nita Kejre- Fellows at the Goldman School at their graduation with Assistant Vice Chancellor of Public Affairs, Dan Mogulof for other states across the country. This cohort whose postings ranged from Federal wal, has the unique responsibility of man- Model Bench Guide is a starting point for Election Commission to the Department aging a large team working on the We are excited to welcome these fel- weeks senior civil servants spent time which Dean Brady was personally invited states to create its own state-specific of Sports, from the Office of the Prime implementation of the National Rural lows to the Goldman School this semes- examining issues of value and power, to sign in Brunei. Bench Guide, with the goal being that Minister to the Brunei Defense Attaché to Livelihoods Mission — a flagship govern- ter and further our mission to develop anti-corruption, and effective leadership, In addition to meeting with Dean Brady, every federal and state court across the the United States. GEP was delighted to be ment program aimed at poverty allevia- Thought Leaders for a Just Society by pro- and were able to hear from Goldman the Universiti Brunei Darussalam repre- United States will soon have its own a recipient of such a stellar group from tion through improving the rural poor’s viding our students the opportunity to School faculty, the U.S. Department of sentatives met with Jeffrey Edlseon, Dean Hague Convention Bench Guide. India and Brunei at the Goldman School. access to financial and public services. connect and establish long-lasting, inter- Homeland Security, the Oakland Police of the School of Social Welfare, to further This past year, the project has also wel- While here our national relationships in an environment Department, and the San Francisco develop and expand the new partnership. comed a third year Hastings Law Student Fall 2017 fellows committed to shaping tomorrow’s leaders Ethics Commission. Ms. Jessica Ma as our Hague Domestic join the rest of the and policy experts. Disruptive Technologies: Value of the Hague Domestic Violence Project Fellow who is also train- Goldman School Public Good was hosted for a third time Violence Project ing to be a JAG lawyer, to assist with the student body in Executive Education Programs in June at the Goldman School and pro- It has been a busy semester for the Hague continued development of materials and learning from During the spring and early summer GEP vided civil servants from the Government Domestic Violence Project. The Hague monitoring for requests for technical some of the best hosted two custom, executive education of India’s Ministry of Information & Domestic Violence Project has released its assistance and referrals on Hague Con- and brightest in programs for visiting government officers. Broadcasting with the opportunity to New York Judicial Bench Guide: The Hague vention cases in the US Courts. G public policy. This These two programs graduated a total of understand and analyze technology’s year the courses 48 outstanding civil servants from the impact on governance and public service. many are attend- Government of India, equipping them During their time here they visited both ing include Robert with the necessary tools to further advance Facebook HQ and the Metropolitan Reich’s The Politi- positive change for the people and com- Transportation Commission, and left Fall 2017 Semester Hong Kong Fellows cal Economy of munities they serve. Berkeley with the knowledge and skills to Inequality, Timothy April 2017’s Ethics and Governance better lead and serve in an ever-changing In August, we welcomed 17 new fellows Dayonot’s Negotiations, and Sarah Anzia’s was the fourth program of its kind for technological and media landscape. for the fall semester: 12 civil servants Political and Agency Management Aspects the Government of India’s Department from Hong Kong and 5 civil servants of Public Policy. of Personnel and Training. For two Visit of Dr. Joyce Teo Siew Yean from the Government of India. Our cur- and Dr. Mahani Hamdan, Univer- rent Hong Kong Fellows come from a siti of Brunei, Darussalam variety of offices, departments, and In March 2017, Dean Henry Brady and bureaus, including the Financial Services FALL 2017 Goldman School welcomed Dr. Joyce Teo & Treasury Bureau, the Geotechnical Siew Yean, Vice President of Global Engineering Office, the Hong Kong Police Policy Notes is published twice a year by UC Berkeley’s Goldman Affairs, and Dr. Mahani Hamdan, Direc- Force, and the Drainage Services Depart- School of Public Policy. Send questions or comments to Bora Reed, tor of the Institute of Policy Studies, from ment. Ms. Nettie Kai-ting Ng, one of the (510) 642-7591, [email protected] the Universiti Brunei Darussalam. Their Hong Kong Fellows, serves as an Assistant visit helped to cement the already strong Secretary at Hong Kong’s Development Assist. Dean for External Relations and Development: Annette Doornbos relationship between the Goldman School Bureau, where she assists in overseeing Editor: Bora Reed Editorial Assistant: Michael Quiroz and the Universiti and reestablished our policies related to building and land reg- Design and Layout: Matt Vanderzalm, Design Site partnership with them through the istration in the already packed Hong renewal of our shared Memorandum of Dr. Joyce Teo Siew Yean and Dr. Mahani Hamdan with Dean Henry E. Brady and Assistant Kong. During their time here, they have the Understanding for the next 5 years, Dean of International Alliances & Partnerships Sudha Shetty

26 POLICY NOTES | FALL 2017 GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY | UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - BERKELEY 27 Goldman School of Public Policy University of California – Berkeley Nonprofit Organization 2607 Hearst Avenue #7320 U.S. Postage Paid Berkeley, CA 94720-7320 University of California gspp.berkeley.edu

In Defense of the “Gas Tax” Continued from page 13 GET INVOLVED WITH GSPP tion will ultimately cost Californians more in future taxes as our deferred mainte- HIRE Students nance backlog for this infrastructure Post jobs, internships, or policy projects on GSPPjobs, GSPP’s on-line job swells from $40 billion to $61 billion in posting system. http://gsppjobs.net 2026. By the same token, a recent report from the California Department of Trans- ENGAGE with GSPP Student Groups Student groups range in substance including Students of Color, Environment, portation finds that every dollar of pre- International, Women, LGBT, and Youth. ventative maintenance, the type of invest- http://gspp.berkeley.edu/student-life ment that would be frontloaded by SB 1, prevents $3 dollars in rehabilitation work CONTRIBUTE to Berkeley Public Policy Journal and $8 in replacement. As with invest- To achieve its full potential, BPPJ needs alumni input. ments in other policy domains, preventa- Visit http://berkeleypublicpolicyjournal.org for submission info. tive measures in transportation are UPDATE Contact Information cheaper than corrective action. Visit GSPP’s website to update your alumni directory information and reconnect For these reasons, you can expect to see with fellow alumni. http://gspp.berkeley.edu/directories/alumni business leaders, environmentalists, and FIND US on Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn! good government advocates joining Dem- Facebook — http://facebook.com/GoldmanSchool ocrats across the state in pushing back on Twitter (@GoldmanSchool) — http://twitter.com/GoldmanSchool Republican efforts to undermine SB 1. We LinkedIn — http://linkedin.com/company/goldman-school-of-public-policy will be looking to you, the informed pub- lic, to help amplify our message. G WATCH the UCTV Public Policy Channel http://www.uctv.tv/public-policy