Chapter 11: Reflections on the Stanford Prison Experiment: Genesis, Transformations, Consequences
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Does the Planned Obsolescence Influence Consumer Purchase Decison? the Effects of Cognitive Biases: Bandwagon
FUNDAÇÃO GETULIO VARGAS ESCOLA DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO VIVIANE MONTEIRO DOES THE PLANNED OBSOLESCENCE INFLUENCE CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISON? THE EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE BIASES: BANDWAGON EFFECT, OPTIMISM BIAS AND PRESENT BIAS ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR. SÃO PAULO 2018 VIVIANE MONTEIRO DOES THE PLANNED OBSOLESCENCE INFLUENCE CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISIONS? THE EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE BIASES: BANDWAGON EFFECT, OPTIMISM BIAS AND PRESENT BIAS ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR Applied Work presented to Escola de Administraçaõ do Estado de São Paulo, Fundação Getúlio Vargas as a requirement to obtaining the Master Degree in Management. Research Field: Finance and Controlling Advisor: Samy Dana SÃO PAULO 2018 Monteiro, Viviane. Does the planned obsolescence influence consumer purchase decisions? The effects of cognitive biases: bandwagons effect, optimism bias on consumer behavior / Viviane Monteiro. - 2018. 94 f. Orientador: Samy Dana Dissertação (MPGC) - Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo. 1. Bens de consumo duráveis. 2. Ciclo de vida do produto. 3. Comportamento do consumidor. 4. Consumidores – Atitudes. 5. Processo decisório – Aspectos psicológicos. I. Dana, Samy. II. Dissertação (MPGC) - Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo. III. Título. CDU 658.89 Ficha catalográfica elaborada por: Isabele Oliveira dos Santos Garcia CRB SP-010191/O Biblioteca Karl A. Boedecker da Fundação Getulio Vargas - SP VIVIANE MONTEIRO DOES THE PLANNED OBSOLESCENCE INFLUENCE CONSUMERS PURCHASE DECISIONS? THE EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE BIASES: BANDWAGON EFFECT, OPTIMISM BIAS AND PRESENT BIAS ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR. Applied Work presented to Escola de Administração do Estado de São Paulo, of the Getulio Vargas Foundation, as a requirement for obtaining a Master's Degree in Management. Research Field: Finance and Controlling Date of evaluation: 08/06/2018 Examination board: Prof. -
EXPERT REPORT of PHILIP G. ZIMBARDO, Ph.D
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA ALEXANDRIA DIVISION SUHAIL NAJIM ) ABDULLAH AL SHIMARI et al., ) ) Plaintiffs, ) ) v. ) C.A. No. 08-cv-0827 GBL-JFA ) CACI INTERNATIONAL, INC., et. al., ) ) Defendants ) ) EXPERT REPORT OF PHILIP G. ZIMBARDO, Ph.D. jO qspgfttjpobm cbdlhspvoe boe rvbmjgjdbujpot j M M j M M O j q t v M j RZWYM q b v O j q OeO q M RZVZM z v M nOtOM RZVVM z v bOcO I J i q M t b M RZVUM c d O j x v M w M s v o k m v M t O j x q g q b q b j q q b O j d i e t M o q t d d b s f t n t O j z v IRZVXNRZWQJM o z v IRZWQN RZWXJM d v IRZWXNRZWYJ t v IRZWYNSQQTJO j v m M c M j m M t v x M q O j UQQ VQ O j N M q m RZ M N q [ d d M X O u [ C u O d s O It oO RVM p SVM RZXRJO i t oO TM d k M i s M o Nt d M g t d M q jjM qM q s q ô s [ d O x M ed[ vOtO h q p O { M qO hO IRZXRJO C t -
Prison Violence and the Intersectionality of Race/Ethnicity and Gender
VOLUME 18, ISSUE 1, PAGES 106–121 (2017) Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society E-ISSN 2332-886X Available online at https://ccjls.scholasticahq.com/ Prison Violence and the Intersectionality of Race/Ethnicity and Gender Kerryn E. Bell Eastern Washington University A B S T R A C T A N D A R T I C L E I N F O R M A T I O N Minority men and women are significantly impacted by mass incarceration. Mass incarceration has also resulted in a growth in prison violence, and previous studies in this area have focused on individuals and not their interconnected statuses. This study specifically considers the role of intersectional criminology and the commitment of prison violence in a large western state on female inmates. Intersectional criminology is a theoretical approach that enables a critical look at the impact of individuals’ interconnected statuses in relation to crime. Findings suggest that an intersectional approach provides more definitive statistical results in the assessment of prison violence and show that minority females commit more violent infractions in prison than White women. As such, this study builds upon previous arguments that intersectionality should be more widely used in future research. Implications for the findings are discussed. Article History: Keywords: Received 12 July 2016 intersectionality, race/ethnicity, gender, prison, violence Received in revised form 22 December 2016 Accepted 04 January 2017 © 2017 Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society and The Western Society of Criminology Hosting by Scholastica. All rights reserved. Although incarceration rates in general have (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2015). However, when decreased since 2009,1 they are still a recognized the United States embarked on a policy of mass problem in the United States (see Carson, 2014).2 incarceration, few also considered the unintended Some scholars go so far as to argue that mass consequences that this change would have on minority incarceration has emerged as a system of racialized women (Chesney-Lind, 2002). -
North American Journal of Psychology, 1999. PUB DATE 1999-00-00 NOTE 346P.; Published Semi-Annually
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 449 388 CG 029 765 AUTHOR McCutcheon, Lynn E., Ed. TITLE North American Journal of Psychology, 1999. PUB DATE 1999-00-00 NOTE 346p.; Published semi-annually. AVAILABLE FROM NAJP, 240 Harbor Dr., Winter Garden, FL 34787 ($35 per annual subscription). Tel: 407-877-8364. PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) JOURNAL CIT North American Journal of Psychology; vl n1-2 1999 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC14 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Psychology; *Research Tools; *Scholarly Journals; *Social Science Research ABSTRACT "North American Journal of Psychology" publishes scientific papers of general interest to psychologists and other social scientists. Articles included in volume 1 issue 1 (June 1999) are: "Generalist Looks at His Career in Teaching: Interview with Dr. Phil Zimbardo"; "Affective Information in Videos"; "Infant Communication"; "Defining Projective Techniques"; "Date Selection Choices in College Students"; "Study of the Personality of Violent Children"; "Behavioral and Institutional Theories of Human Resource Practices"; "Self-Estimates of Intelligence:"; "When the Going Gets Tough, the Tough Get Going"; "Behaviorism and Cognitivism in Learning Theory"; "On the Distinction between Behavioral Contagion, Conversion Conformity, and Compliance Conformity"; "Promoting Altruism in Troubled Youth"; The Influence of insecurity on Exchange and Communal Intimates"; "Height as Power in Women"; "Moderator Effects of Managerial Activity Inhibition on the Relation between Power versus Affiliation Motive Dominance and Econdmic Efficiency"; -
Pathology of Imprisonment
Pathology of Imprisonment PHILIP G. ZIMBARDO Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues were interested in studying the effects of imprisonment on human behavior—in particular, the psychological impact of imprisonment. They opened a mock prison and peopled it with carefully screened college students who were “mature, emotionally stable, normal, intelligent,” and “from middle-class homes throughout the United States and Canada.” Then they observed what happened. The results of the experiment proved so shocking that the researchers aborted it after just six days. In this essay, Zimbardo reports on these results. He then comments on why prisons breed pathological behavior and what we might do to prevent what happened during the experiment. was recently released from solitary confinement after being held therein Ifor 37 months [months!]. A silent system was imposed upon me and to even whisper to the man in the next cell resulted in being beaten by guards, sprayed with chemical mace, blackjacked, stomped and thrown into a strip- cell naked to sleep on a concrete floor without bedding, covering, wash basin or even a toilet. The floor served as toilet and bed, and even there the silent system was enforced. To let a moan escape your lips because of the pain and discomfort . resulted in another beating. I spent not days, but months there during my 37 months in solitary. I have filed every writ possible against the administrative acts of brutality. The state courts have all denied the petitions. Because of my refusal to let the things die down and forget all that happened during my 37 months in solitary . -
Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice
Georgetown University Law Center Scholarship @ GEORGETOWN LAW 2015 Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice Allegra M. McLeod Georgetown University Law Center, [email protected] This paper can be downloaded free of charge from: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/1490 http://ssrn.com/abstract=2625217 62 UCLA L. Rev. 1156-1239 (2015) This open-access article is brought to you by the Georgetown Law Library. Posted with permission of the author. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminal Procedure Commons, Criminology Commons, and the Social Control, Law, Crime, and Deviance Commons Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice Allegra M. McLeod EVIEW R ABSTRACT This Article introduces to legal scholarship the first sustained discussion of prison LA LAW LA LAW C abolition and what I will call a “prison abolitionist ethic.” Prisons and punitive policing U produce tremendous brutality, violence, racial stratification, ideological rigidity, despair, and waste. Meanwhile, incarceration and prison-backed policing neither redress nor repair the very sorts of harms they are supposed to address—interpersonal violence, addiction, mental illness, and sexual abuse, among others. Yet despite persistent and increasing recognition of the deep problems that attend U.S. incarceration and prison- backed policing, criminal law scholarship has largely failed to consider how the goals of criminal law—principally deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and retributive justice—might be pursued by means entirely apart from criminal law enforcement. Abandoning prison-backed punishment and punitive policing remains generally unfathomable. This Article argues that the general reluctance to engage seriously an abolitionist framework represents a failure of moral, legal, and political imagination. -
Phasing out Our Use of Private Prisons | OPA | Department of Justice
10/7/2016 Phasing Out Our Use of Private Prisons | OPA | Department of Justice PHASING OUT OUR USE OF PRIVATE PRISONS August 18, 2016 Courtesy of Deputy Attorney General Sally Q. Yates When most people think of the Justice Department, they are likely to imagine the most visible parts of our job – the law enforcement agents who investigate crimes or the lawyers who prosecute them. But the department’s core responsibilities go beyond investigation and prosecution. Unlike most states, the federal government puts its law enforcement agents, criminal prosecutors, and correctional officers all in a single department. We handle every step from the start of an investigation to the end of a prison sentence. Our work to house and rehabilitate individuals incarcerated in the Federal Bureau of Prisons is an important part of our responsibility and operations, accounting for 25 percent of the department’s budget every year. The federal prison population increased by almost 800 percent between 1980 and 2013, often at a far faster rate than the Bureau of Prisons could accommodate in their own facilities. In an effort to manage the rising prison population, about a decade ago, the bureau began contracting with privately operated correctional institutions to confine some federal inmates. By 2013, as both the federal prison population and the proportion of federal prisoners in private facilities reached their peak, the bureau was housing approximately 15 percent of its population, or nearly 30,000 inmates, in privately operated prisons. 2013 was also the year that the Department of Justice launched its Smart on Crime Initiative after identifying reforms that would ensure more proportional sentences and effective use of federal resources. -
Luna Lindsey Sample Chapters
Recovering Agency: Lifting the Veil of Mormon Mind Control by LUNA LINDSEY Recovering Agency: Lifting the Veil of Mormon Mind Control Copyright ©2013-2014 by Luna Flesher Lindsey Internal Graphics ©2014 by Luna Flesher Lindsey Cover Art ©2014 by Ana Cruz All rights reserved. This publication is protected under the US Copyright Act of 1976 and all other applicable international, federal, state and local laws. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles, professional works, or reviews. www.lunalindsey.com ISBN-10: 1489595937 ISBN-13: 978-1489595935 First digital & print publication: July 2014 iv RECOVERING AGENCY Table of Contents FOREWORD' VIII' PART%1:%IN%THE%BEGINNING% ' IT'STARTED'IN'A'GARDEN…' 2' Free$Will$vs.$Determinism$ 3' Exit$Story$ 5' The$Illusion$of$Choice$ 9' WHAT'IS'MIND'CONTROL?' 13' What$is$a$Cult?$ 16' Myths$of$Cults$&$MinD$Control$ 17' ALL'IS'NOT'WELL'IN'ZION' 21' Is$Mormonism$A$DanGer$To$Society?$ 22' Why$ShoulD$We$Mourn$Or$Think$Our$Lot$Is$HarD?$ 26' Self<esteem' ' Square'Peg,'Round'Hole'Syndrome' ' Guilt'&'Shame' ' Depression,'Eating'Disorders,'&'Suicide' ' Codependency'&'Passive<Aggressive'Culture' ' Material'Loss' ' DON’T'JUST'GET'OVER'IT—RECOVER!' 36' Though$harD$to$you$this$journey$may$appear…$ 40' Born$UnDer$the$Covenant$ 41' We$Then$Are$Free$From$Toil$anD$Sorrow,$Too…$ 43' SLIPPERY'SOURCES' 45' Truth$Is$Eternal$$(And$Verifiable)$ 45' Truth$Is$Eternal$$(Depends$on$Who$You$Ask)$ 46' -
Prison Victimization: High-Risk Characteristics and Prevention
PRISON VICTIMIZATION: HIGH-RISK CHARACTERISTICS AND PREVENTION A thesis submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts by Leslie A. Swales August, 2008 Thesis written by Leslie A. Swales B.A., Kent State University, 2006 M.A., Kent State University, 2008 Approved by Shelley Listwan, Ph.D. , Advisor Marc Colvin, Ph.D. , Chair, Department of Justice Studies John Stalvey, Ph.D. , Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES………….………………………….………………………………….v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS…………..................................................................................vi INTRODUCTION…...........................................................................................................1 Prison Victimization…………..……………..……………………………………6 Importation vs. Deprivation……….………………………………………6 Prison Inmate-on-Inmate Victimization……………….……………………...…13 Physical Victimization…………………..….……..….………….………14 Psychological Victimization……………...……………….…….……….16 Sexual Victimization………………………...……………..…………….18 Risk Factors and Characteristics………………...……………………….22 Impact of Victimization…………………………...…..…………………………29 Psychological Consequences…………...….…………………………….29 METHODS…………………………….………………………………………………..33 Sample…………………..………………...……………………………………...33 Data Collection………………….…………...…………………………………..35 Variables…………………..…………………..…………………………………36 Analysis………………………..………………..………………………………..39 RESULTS………………………………………………..………………………………40 Demographic Information…………………..……………………………………40 Prior Record………………………………….…………………………………..42 -
Propaganda Fitzmaurice
Propaganda Fitzmaurice Propaganda Katherine Fitzmaurice Brock University Abstract This essay looks at how the definition and use of the word propaganda has evolved throughout history. In particular, it examines how propaganda and education are intrinsically linked, and the implications of such a relationship. Propaganda’s role in education is problematic as on the surface, it appears to serve as a warning against the dangers of propaganda, yet at the same time it disseminates the ideology of a dominant political power through curriculum and practice. Although propaganda can easily permeate our thoughts and actions, critical thinking and awareness can provide the best defense against falling into propaganda’s trap of conformity and ignorance. Keywords: propaganda, education, indoctrination, curriculum, ideology Katherine Fitzmaurice is a Master’s of Education (M.Ed.) student at Brock University. She is currently employed in the private business sector and is a volunteer with several local educational organizations. Her research interests include adult literacy education, issues of access and equity for marginalized adults, and the future and widening of adult education. Email: [email protected] 63 Brock Education Journal, 27(2), 2018 Propaganda Fitzmaurice According to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED, 2011) the word propaganda can be traced back to 1621-23, when it first appeared in “Congregatio de progapanda fide,” meaning “congregation for propagating the faith.” This was a mission, commissioned by Pope Gregory XV, to spread the doctrine of the Catholic Church to non-believers. At the time, propaganda was defined as “an organization, scheme, or movement for the propagation of a particular doctrine, practice, etc.” (OED). -
Solitary Confinement, Public Safety, and Recdivism
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform Volume 47 2014 Solitary Confinement, Public Safety, and Recdivism Shira E. Gordon University of Michigan Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjlr Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, Fourteenth Amendment Commons, Law and Psychology Commons, and the Law Enforcement and Corrections Commons Recommended Citation Shira E. Gordon, Solitary Confinement, Public Safety, and Recdivism, 47 U. MICH. J. L. REFORM 495 (2014). Available at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjlr/vol47/iss2/6 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform at University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform by an authorized editor of University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SOLITARY CONFINEMENT, PUBLIC SAFETY, AND RECIDIVISM Shira E. Gordon* As of 2005, about 80,000 prisoners were housed in solitary confinement in jails and in state and federal prisons in the United States. Prisoners in solitary confine- ment are generally housed in a cell for twenty-two to twenty-four hours a day with little human contact or interaction. The number of prisoners held in solitary con- finement increased 40 percent between 1995 and 2000, in comparison to the growth in the total prison population of 28 percent. Concurrently, the duration of time that prisoners spend in solitary confinement also increased: nationally, most prisoners in solitary confinement spend more than five years there. -
Getting Beneath the Surface: Scapegoating and the Systems Approach in a Post-Munro World Introduction the Publication of The
Getting beneath the surface: Scapegoating and the Systems Approach in a post-Munro world Introduction The publication of the Munro Review of Child Protection: Final Report (2011) was the culmination of an extensive and expansive consultation process into the current state of child protection practice across the UK. The report focused on the recurrence of serious shortcomings in social work practice and proposed an alternative system-wide shift in perspective to address these entrenched difficulties. Inter-woven throughout the report is concern about the adverse consequences of a pervasive culture of individual blame on professional practice. The report concentrates on the need to address this by reconfiguring the organisational responses to professional errors and shortcomings through the adoption of a ‘systems approach’. Despite the pre-occupation with ‘blame’ within the report there is, surprisingly, at no point an explicit reference to the dynamics and practices of ‘scapegoating’ that are so closely associated with organisational blame cultures. Equally notable is the absence of any recognition of the reasons why the dynamics of individual blame and scapegoating are so difficult to overcome or to ‘resist’. Yet this paper argues that the persistence of scapegoating is a significant impediment to the effective implementation of a systems approach as it risks distorting understanding of what has gone wrong and therefore of how to prevent it in the future. It is hard not to agree wholeheartedly with the good intentions of the developments proposed by Munro, but equally it is imperative that a realistic perspective is retained in relation to the challenges that would be faced in rolling out this new organisational agenda.