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Tuber Magnatum Var BIODIVERSITÀ DEI FUNGHI IPOGEI LUCANI Gian Luigi Rana, Stefania Mirela Mang & Ippolito Camele “Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi della Basilicata” con la preziosa collaborazione di Francesco Ricciardi & Annarita Mariano Dipartimento Ambiente e Territorio, Infrastrutture, Opere Pubbliche e Trasporti – Ufficio Parchi, Biodiversità e Tutela della Natura Regione Basilicata STATO DELL’ ARTE FINO AL febbr. 2004 25 ASCOMICETI 1 Elaphomycetacea, 17 Tuberaceae, 4 Geneaceae, 2 Terfeziaceae, 1 Balsamiacea; 7 BASIDIOMICETI 1 Octavianinacea, 1 Rhizopogonacea, 4 Hymenogasteraceae, 1 Melanogastracea; 1 ZIGOMICETE Endogonaceae. Tot. 33 Aggiornamento conoscenze dic. 2006 + 12 ASCOMICETI 2 Elaphomycetaceae; 1 Balsamiacea; 1 Helvellacea; 8 Tuberaceae; + 5 BASIDIOMICETI 1 Melanogastracea; 1 Gautieriacea; 2 Hymenogasteraceae; 1 Hysterangiacea Tot. 50 3° Congr. Internaz. di Spoleto sul Tartufo – nov. 2008 + 6 ASCOMICETI Pezizales: Picoa lefebvrei; Stephensia bombycina; Labyrinthomyces donkii; Tuber magnatum var. vittadinii; T. rufum fo. lucidum; Terfezia olbiensis; + 2 BASIDIOMICETI Gomphales: - Gomphaceae (Gautieria otthii); Phallales : Hysterangiaceae (Hysterangium inflatum) Tot. 58 Micologia e Vegetazione Mediterranea, 2011, volume 26 (2): pagg. 151-168 (Rana et al.) + 6 ASCOMICETI Pezizales: - Pezizaceae (Sarcosphaera coronaria); - Pyronemataceae (Genea sphaerica, Hyd. clausa); - Tuberaceae (T. dryophylum, T. rufum var. apiculatum); + 5 BASIDIOMICETI - Agaricales : Paxillaceae (M. ambiguus, M. umbrinigleba) - Cortinariales: Hymenogasteraceae (H. olivaceus) Phallomycetidae: - Geastrales (Schenella pityophilus) - Gomphales: Gomphaceae (Gautieria graveolens) Tot. 69 Atti IX Convegno Nazionale Biodiversità (I.A.M. – Bari) (Valenzano: 5-7 sett. 2012); vol. 1: 411-417 + 3 ASCOMICETI Pezizales - Geneaceae (Genea verrucosa fo. baia) - Pezizaceae (Geopora sumneriana) (Tagliavini O. & R., 2011 – “Funghi della Basilicata”); - Tuberaceae (Tuber malençonii); + 1 BASIDIOMICETE Phallales: - Hysterangiaceae (Hysterangium nephriticum) Tot. 73 La biodiversità dei funghi ipogei della Basilicata (articolo per volume Expo 2015; Springer Ed.) + 2 ASCOMICETI Pezizomycotina, Pezizales, Terfeziaceae: Pachyphloeus conglomeratus, Terfezia arenaria + 4 BASIDIOMICETI Agaricomycetes, Cortinariales, Hymenogasteraceae: Hymenogaster niveus, H. decorus, H. hesseyi, H. rehstenieri + alcuni funghi semi-ipogei Tot. 82-83 Tuber aestivum Vittad. e T. aest. fo. uncinatum (Chatin) Montecchi et Borelli 1995 Tuber mesentericum Vittad. 1831 Tuber bellonae Quelét 1887 Tuber brumale Vittad. 1831 Tuber brumale fo. moschatum (Ferry) Montecchi et Lazzari 1993 Tuber hiemalbum Chatin 1869 TUBER MELANOSPORUM Vittad. 1831 TUBER INDICUM Cooke & Massee 1892 Tuber macrosporum Vittad. 1831 Tuber magnatum Pico 1788 Tuber magnatum a peridio ruvido di colore nocciola b Tuber magnatum var. Labyrinthomyces donkii Vittadinii Daprati Malençon 1973 Stephensia bombycina (Vittad.) Tul. & C. Tul. Picoa lefebvrei (Patouill.) Maire 1906 Tuber puberulum Berkeley & Broome 1846 Tuber puberulum Berkeley & Broome 1846 Tuber borchii Vittad. 1831 Tuber dryophilum Tul. & C. Tul. 1844 a Tuber foetidum Vittad. 1831 Tuber maculatum Vittad. 1831 Tuber Tuber ??? Tuber asa-foetida Tul. & C. Tul. 1851 Fischerula macrospora Mattirolo 1928 Tuber asa-foetida (bis) Tuber rufum Pico: Fr. 1823 var. rufum Tuber rufum Pico : Fr. fo. ferrugineum (Vittad.) Montecchi & Lazzari 1993 Spore di Tuber rufum var. apiculatum E. Fischer 1923 Tuber panniferum Tul. & C. Tul. 1851 Foto di S. F. Signore Hysterangium inflatum Rodway 1918 Tuber rufum fo. lucidum (Bonnet) Mont. et Lazzari 1993 Gautieria morchelliformis Vittad. 1831 c Terfezia olbiensis Tul. & C.Tul. 1851 Tuber Tuber regianum Montecchi & Lazzari 1987 malençonii Donadini, Riousset et Chevalier Tuber excavatum Vittad. 1831 Tuber fulgens Quelét 1880 Elaphomyces asperulus Vittad. 1831 Elaphomyces muricatus Fries 1829 Picoa carthusiana Tul. & C. Tul. 1862 Choiromyces meandriformis Vittad. 1831 Melanogaster tuberiformis Corda 1831 Gautieria morchelliformis Vittad. 1831 Octavianina asterosperma (Vittad.) Kuntze 1898 Gautieria graveolens Vittad. 1831 var. graveolens Melanogaster ambiguus var. ambiguus (Vittad.) Tul. & C. Tul. 1843 a c b Hydnocystis clausa (Tul. & C. Tul.) Ceruti 1960 Genea sphaerica Tul. & C. Tul. 1851 Genea verrucosa Vittad. 1831 Pachyphloeus conglomeratus Berkeley & Broome 1846 Hymenogaster luteus Vittadini 1831 var. luteus Hymenogaster luteus Hysterangium var. subfuscus stoloniferum Tul. & C. Hymenogaster Soehner 1924 Tul. 1843 Bulliardii Vittad. 1831 Hymenogaster olivaceus Vittad. 1831 Schenella pityophilus (Malençon &Riousset) Estrada & Lado 2005 d a b Semi-ipogeo c d e Sarcosphaera coronaria var. coronaria (Jacq.) J. Schröt 1893 ٭ ٭ 30 28 26 24 22 Basilicata Puglia 20 18 16 14 n. taxa/genere12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Fig. 17 ERA UNA PIETRA FUNGAIA !!! Polyporus tuberaster Jacq.: Fries Tuber borchii !!! della primavera 2014 CONCLUSIONI I risultati finora conseguiti inducono a pensare che il numero di funghi ipogei e semi-ipogei presenti in Basilicata sia ancora molto sottostimato e toccherà nei prossimi anni, forse, le 100 unità !! La nostra regione, conferma la propria vocazionalità alla produzione naturale di tartufi e falsi tartufi ed assume sempre più le caratteristiche di area geografica molto interessante per la conservazione in situ di tali funghi. RINGRAZIAMENTI Gli autori sono molto grati - ai Drr. Bonofiglio Tommaso, Silletti Giuseppe, Curcio Franceso e Carbone Francesco (Corpo Forestale dello Stato), D’Ottavio, Lambiase S. e Ricciardi F.(Responsabili del Dip. Ambiente e Territorio – Ufficio Tutela della Natura della Regione Basilicata) per aver consentito, nello scorso decennio, la cerca dei funghi ipogei anche in aree protette della Basilicata; ai Sigg. Bruno G. (Policoro, MT), Cerroni A & N., Corsetto A. (PZ), Dabraio P. (Tricarico, MT) e Diana M. (Potenza), Laurita B. (Pignola, PZ), Mastroberti A. (Brienza, PZ), Toce V. (Corleto Perticara, PZ), Zigari P. (Bernalda, MT); e ai Drr. Bochicchio Rocco (S. Fele, PZ), Guarino Nicola (Terranova di Pollino, PZ), Martelli Matteo (Tricarico, MT), e Romano Nicola (Sant’Angelo Le Fratte, PZ) per la preziosa collaborazione prestata nel reperimento dei funghi ipogei. Elezione Miss Bikini Grazie per l’attenzione Myriostoma coliforme .
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