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Terrafrica, with Emphasis on Terrafrica Leverage Fund Independent Review of TerrAfrica, with emphasis on TerrAfrica Leverage Fund Final Scanteam Report Oslo, October 2013 Project: Independent Review of TerrAfrica with emphasis on the TerrAfrica Leverage Fund Client: Norad Period: April-August 2013 Task Team: Mr. Jarle Haarstad, Scanteam, team leader Dr. Kjell Esser, Noragric, Norway Dr. Ali Mahamadou, University Abdou Moumouni, Niger. Quality Assuror: Mr. Arne Disch, Scanteam Scanteam Box 593 Sentrum, NO-0106 Oslo, Norway - Tel: +47 2335 7030 Web: www.scanteam.no – E-mail: [email protected] Review of TerrAfrica Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations iii 1 Executive Summary 1 2 Introduction and Background 7 2.1 TerrAfrica Institutions ................................................................................ 8 2.2 TerrAfrica Activity Lines ............................................................................ 9 2.3 Addressing the Terms of Reference ....................................................... 10 2.4 Sources of Information ........................................................................... 11 3 The TerrAfrica Leverage Fund, TLF 12 3.1 The Status of the TerrAfrica Leverage Fund ........................................... 12 3.2 The Use of the TLF................................................................................. 12 3.2.1 Activity Line I: Coalitions, Advocacy, Knowledge-based Partnerships ..... 12 3.2.2 Activity Line II: Improving Analytical Underpinnings of SLM up-scaling: .. 13 3.2.3 Activity Line III: Investment Activities........................................................ 14 3.3 Role of the Global Environment Facility .................................................. 15 3.4 Replenishment of TLF ............................................................................ 15 3.5 Findings and Conclusions....................................................................... 15 4 Coalition Building 17 4.1 Global Level Engagement ...................................................................... 17 4.2 Engagement by Regional Economic Communities ................................. 18 4.3 National Level Engagement .................................................................... 19 4.3.1 Working with Civil Society ........................................................................ 19 4.3.2 Working with the Private Sector ............................................................... 20 4.4 Findings and Conclusions....................................................................... 20 5 Knowledge Management 21 5.1 Knowledge Products ............................................................................... 22 5.2 Communication and Knowledge Management ........................................ 22 5.3 Institutional Support to NEPAD ............................................................... 23 5.4 Development of a Monitoring and Evaluation System ............................. 24 5.4.1 Overall Monitoring Matrix for TerrAfrica ................................................... 24 5.4.2 Current Situation of Results Matrix ........................................................... 25 5.5 Combined System for Monitoring and Evaluation ................................... 28 5.6 Statistical environmental databases ....................................................... 28 5.7 Findings and Conclusions....................................................................... 28 6 Investment Activities 30 Scanteam – Final Report – i – Review of TerrAfrica 6.1 TerrAfrica’s Role and Approach .............................................................. 30 6.2 The Strategic Investment Program (SIP) ................................................ 30 6.3 Progress in Developing Investment Frameworks .................................... 30 6.4 Selected Regional Projects ..................................................................... 32 6.5 Findings and Conclusions....................................................................... 34 7 Country Level Results 36 7.1 Performance of TerrAfrica’s partners ...................................................... 36 7.2 Knowledge Management ........................................................................ 38 7.3 Findings and Conclusions....................................................................... 40 8 Assessment of TerrAfrica as SLM Platform 42 8.1 TerrAfrica Institutions .............................................................................. 42 8.2 Coordination of Work Programs and Annual Reports ............................. 42 8.3 Visibility of TerrAfrica .............................................................................. 43 8.4 Mobilizing Financing for SLM .................................................................. 43 8.5 Validation/Quality Review ....................................................................... 43 8.6 Financial Reporting on TLF Funds .......................................................... 44 8.7 TAEC Opinions on TerrAfrica ................................................................. 44 8.8 Findings and Conclusions....................................................................... 45 9 Summing Up and Looking Ahead 47 9.1 Recommendations.................................................................................. 47 Annex A: Terms of Reference 50 Annex B: Persons Interviewed 59 Annex C: Documents Consulted 63 Scanteam – Final Report – ii – Review of TerrAfrica Acronyms and Abbreviations AfDB African Development bank AU African Union CAADP Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Program CC Climate Change COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa CSIF Country Strategic Investment Framework CSO Civil Society Organization ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States ECCAS Economic Community of Central African States FAO Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations GEF Global Environment Facility GIZ German bilateral aid agency GM Global Mechanism under UNCCD IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development M&E Monitoring and Evaluation NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Development NPCA NEPAD’s Planning and Coordinating Authority OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper/s REC Regional Economic Commissions SAWAP Sahel and West Africa Program in Support of the Great Green Wall Initiative SIP Strategic Investment Program for SLM SLM Sustainable Land Management SSA Sub-Saharan Africa TAEC TerrAfrica Executive Committee TLF TerrAfrica Leverage Fund ToR Terms of Reference UNCBD United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity UNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Scanteam – Final Report – iii – Review of TerrAfrica UNDP United Nations Development Program UNEP United Nations Environment Program WB World Bank Scanteam – Final Report – iv – Review of TerrAfrica 1 Executive Summary TerrAfrica is a multi-stakeholder partnership formed to contribute to the attainment of the objectives of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), apart from the objectives of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) under the Africa Union (AU). TerrAfrica consists of an Executive Committee and a small Secretariat hosted by NEPAD. The aims of TerrAfrica are to provide support for (i) coalition building amongst the key stakeholders; (ii) improving the development, management and dissemination of Sustainable Land Management (SLM) knowledge; and (iii) leveraging and harmonising the investment funds required for the promotion of SLM at the local and country levels, within nationally determined SLM investment programmes. Its medium term objectives are to strengthen the enabling institutional, policy, legislative, budgetary and strategic planning environment for SLM and mainstream SLM within country-driven programs, so as to remove the barriers and bottlenecks to financing, and scaling-up successful SLM technologies and approaches on the ground. Currently, projects under the TerrAfrica umbrella are in operation in 21 Sub-Sahara African countries - largely Eastern, Southern and Western Africa. Three donors have contributed to build up the TLF, which is especially used for SLM coalition building and knowledge management including M&E. The TerrAfrica Leverage Fund, TLF The TerrAfrica Leverage Fund (TLF) is a strategic part of the TerrAfrica initiative as it ensures financial support to all three Activity Lines of TerrAfrica. The funds are limited and thus only provide seed-money or funding for small-scale early activities based on priorities set by the TAEC. Given its small size, the TLF has the most visible direct impact on TerrAfrica’s first two Activity Lines, Coalition Strengthening and Knowledge Management. Concerning the third, Investments, TLF financing is often used in conjunction with GEF funding (see below). Coalition Building In terms of coalitions, TerrAfrica has contributed in several fields: It is a great asset for TerrAfrica to constitute the first pillar of CAADP, which is expected to integrate SLM as key tool to accelerate sustainable land management, growth to eliminate poverty and hunger among African countries. This factor holds the promise that the regional coalition could be strengthened. The TerrAfrica Executive Committee itself provides a useful forum for collaboration between the global community – UN agencies, international financial institutions and bilateral donors – and engaging African countries in
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