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Caballos Del Pleistoceno Y Sus Paleoambientes En Dos Cuencas De Michoacan, México”

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Caballos Del Pleistoceno Y Sus Paleoambientes En Dos Cuencas De Michoacan, México” UNIVERSIDAD MICHOACANA DE SAN NICOLÁS DE HIDALGO Coordinación de Estudios de Posgrado Facultad de Biología Programa Institucional de Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas Área Temática en Ecología y Conservación “CABALLOS DEL PLEISTOCENO Y SUS PALEOAMBIENTES EN DOS CUENCAS DE MICHOACAN, MÉXICO” Tesis PARA OBTENER ELGRADO DE MAESTRO EN CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS Alejandro Hiram Marín Leyva TUTOR Dr. Javier Ponce Saavedra CO-TUTORAS Dra. María Luisa García Zepeda Dra. María Teresa Alberdi Alonso Morelia, Michoacán Julio del 2011 1 DEDICATORIA Dedico este trabajo a mi familia por todo su apoyo incondicional durante mi formación profesional y personal, a quienes debo todo lo que soy. A mi papá Roberto por todo su apoyo, en mis proyectos y metas por extraños, locos y difíciles que sean, por ser un ejemplo de superación personal y profesional que espero algún día poder alcanzar. A mi mama Zaida por todo su apoyo, consejos, cuidados, cariño y palabras de aliento durante toda mi vida. A mis hermanos Beto, Rene y Omar con los que puedo contar siempre, por sus consejos, amistad, apoyo y excelentes momentos. A mi pequeño sobrino Mikel por su cariño y alegría. A mi abuelo Dani por todas sus anécdotas y sabiduría, y a mi abuela Ofelia por todos sus cariños. A mis, ti@s, prim@s y sobrin@s, espero poder ser un pequeño buen ejemplo para ellos. A los seres querido que nos ya no están físicamente con nosotros, especialmente a mi abuelo Rosendo Leyva, a quien le hubiera gustado que le platicara sobre los caballos de antes, sé que me cuida y apoya donde sea que este. A Gamera A esa persona especial que ha estado conmigo durante este último año. Se lo dedico a todas las personas y seres queridos, a Dios por darme oportunidad de estar y disfrutar de la vida. I AGRADECIMIENTOS Agradezco a la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, a la Facultad de Biología, a la Coordinación de la Investigación Científica y a la Coordinación General de Estudios de Postgrado en especial a Dr. Medardo Serna y sus colaboradores por todo su apoyo. Agradezco la Organización Especial de Investigación de La Piedad de Cabadas y sus colaboradores, en especial al Profesor Fernando Tejada por abrirnos las puertas de su museo y permitirnos usar parte de su material para el desarrollo de este trabajo. Agradezco al Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales y al Consejo Superior de Investigación Científica de Madrid, España, por permitirme realizar una estancia de investigación en sus instalaciones, agradezco en especial a Patricia Pérez curadora la colección de Paleontología, a las especialistas Paloma Gutiérrez y Blanca Gómez del laboratorio de Restauración, a la Dra. Soledad Domingo por sus conocimientos en Tafonomía, y a los nuevos amigos que hice cuando estuve por allá Susana, Rafa y Manolo. Agradezco al departamento de Arqueozoología del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia por estar siempre abierto para mí. Agradezco al Dr. Javier Ponce mi Tutor por toda su, gestión, tiempo, conocimiento, aportaciones y revisiones durante todo el trabajo y sobre todo en la parte final del mismo. A la Dra. María Luisa García Zepeda, co-asesora de tesis, por darme la oportunidad de seguir adentrándome en la Paleobiología, por su apoyo, gestión, enseñanzas, espacio, tiempo, y amistad usted merece toda mi admiración y respeto. A la Dra. María Teresa Alberdi, co-asesora por, por todas haberme dado la oportunidad de ampliar y conocer nuevos horizontes tanto en lo profesional como personal, por su disponibilidad, sabiduría, enseñanzas, aportaciones y revisiones, durante todo el trabajo. Al Dr. Joaquín Arroyo Cabrales por brindarme abrir las puertas del INAH, su disponibilidad, espacio, tiempo, comentarios, revisiones y aportaciones a todo mi trabajo. Al M.C. J. Ramón López García, por sus conocimientos, espacio, tiempo, esfuerzo, amistad e impulso en la docencia. Al Dr. Víctor Hugo Garduño Monroy, por sus conocimientos en geología, geoquímica, por su espacio, tiempo, apoyo en la revisión y observaciones en la realización de este proyecto. II Agradezco al Lic. Elías Gonzales, por todo su apoyo. A los colaboradores de la OEI, los alumnos de la optativa de la Dr. Luisa. A Lili por todo su apoyo administrativo. Agradezco a mis amigos y compañeros Beré, Canek, Dulce, Ramón, Misael, Abel y Roberto que me han sido un gran apoyo durante pasados dos años y medio. Agradezco a todas las personas que me hayan ayudado como Purificación, Emilie, entre otras, y que de alguna manera directa o indirecta colaboraran para el desarrollo y culminación de este trabajo. III CONTENIDO RESUMEN ....................................................................................................................................... VII SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................................... IX INTRODUCCIÓN GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 1 OBJETIVOS ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Objetivo general ............................................................................................................................ 6 Objetivos específicos ................................................................................................................... 6 Capítulo. I........................................................................................................................................... 7 Estratigrafía y sedimentología del yacimiento fosilífero de La Cinta-Portalitos en la zona norte del lago de Cuitzeo, Michoacán, México. ....................................................................... 7 RESUMEN .................................................................................................................................... 7 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... 8 INTRODUCCIÓN ........................................................................................................................... 9 MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS .......................................................................................................... 11 RESULTADOS ............................................................................................................................. 15 DISCUSIÓN ................................................................................................................................. 28 CONCLUSIONES ......................................................................................................................... 30 AGRADECIMIENTOS ................................................................................................................... 31 LITERATURA CITADA .................................................................................................................. 31 Capítulo. II ................................................................................................................................. 34 Estratigrafía y sedimentología del yacimiento fosilífero de La Piedad-Santa Ana, Michoacán y Guanajuato, México. ........................................................................................... 34 RESUMEN .................................................................................................................................. 34 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. 34 INTRODUCCIÓN ......................................................................................................................... 35 MATERIALES Y METODOS .......................................................................................................... 36 IV RESULTADOS ............................................................................................................................. 40 DISCUSIÓN ................................................................................................................................. 46 CONCLUSIÓN ............................................................................................................................. 46 AGRADECIMIENTOS ................................................................................................................... 46 LITERATURA CITADA .................................................................................................................. 46 Capítulo III. ................................................................................................................................ 48 Reconstrucción paleoambiental del Pleistoceno tardío-Holoceno con análisis geoquímicos, en la zona norte del lago de Cuitzeo, Michoacán, México. ......................... 48 RESUMEN .................................................................................................................................. 48 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. 49 INTRODUCCION ......................................................................................................................... 50 MATERIALES Y METODOS .......................................................................................................... 51 RESULTADOS ............................................................................................................................
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