PRAXIS REVIEW SHEET WORLD and UNITED STATES HISTORY: CONTENT KNOWLEDGE (0941) World History Decline of Classical Civilizations and Change--Circa 500 B.C.E.-1400 C.E

NORTHERN STATE UNIVERSITY

PRAXIS REVIEW SHEET WORLD AND UNITED STATES HISTORY: CONTENT KNOWLEDGE (0941) World History Decline of Classical Civilizations and Change--Circa 500 B.C.E.-1400 C.E.

History 121: Western Civilizations I, History 313: History of the Middle East

Praxis concepts addressed in these courses: Rise and Expansion of Islam; Islamic Civilization

If you took Dr. Bartusis’ Middle East class, reviewing that material will be very helpful in answering any questions related to this concept. Reviewing the Islam material from your History 121 courses will also help. See first the Islam outlines below and on my Web site: http://www.northern.edu/marmorsa/islam.html. For more thorough coverage, see the material on Islam included on the Washington State University World History site: http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/ISLAM/ISLAM.HTM

Major themes: Life and career of Muhammad, major ideas of the Koran, the “Five Pillars of Islam,” rapid Moslem expansion and the reasons for this expansion, establishing of the Caliphate, religious/political divisions among the Moslems

Key terms: Muhammad, Khadijah, Mecca, Medina, Islam, Koran, Five Pillars of Islam, Shahada, Mosque, Ramadan, Haj, Jihad, Caliph

Rise of Islam

I. Career of Mohammed (570-632) A. Birth/early life/marriage to Khadijah B. Visions/early conversions C. Flight from Mecca to Medina (Hegira) D. War with Mecca/victory II. Moslem strengths A. Koran B. Five Pillars 1. Faith (expressed in Shahada) 2. Prayer (in private and in Mosques) 3. Fasting (during Ramadan) d. Alms e. Pilgrimage to Mecca (Haj) f. Jihad (Holy War) C. Moslem Expansion, led by Caliphs 1. Syria and Iraq (633) 2. Egypt (639)

Development of this review sheet was made possible by funding from the US Department of Education through South Dakota’s EveryTeacher Teacher Quality Enhancement grant.

3. Persia (640) 4. Spain (711) 5. Byzantium (1453--and almost many times before) D. Reasons for Moslem success 1. Mutual destruction of Persia/Byzantium 2. Half-hearted Christian resistance a. Religious division among Christians b. Moslem tolerance of Christians c. Incentive to conversion: taxes! 3. Ability to combine best of Persia, Greece, Rome 4. Exceptionally able leaders (Umar, Mu'awiyah) 5. Moslem success 6. Ability to absorb converts/transform opponents 7. Advantages of Moslem law 8. Islam exactly what human beings want in a religion

Development of this review sheet was made possible by funding from the US Department of Education through South Dakota’s EveryTeacher Teacher Quality Enhancement grant.