Analyzing Words with Roots and Affixes Essential Question: How can I determine the meaning of a word using its roots and/or affixes? TEK

(2) Reading/Vocabulary Development. Students understand new vocabulary and use it when reading and writing. Students are expected to:

(A) determine the meaning of grade-level academic English words derived from Latin, Greek, or other linguistic roots and affixes

Vocabulary Affix – word part Root - word part added either to that gives the the beginning or word its primary end of a root (or meaning base word) to change its root meaning Vocabulary

root prefix suffix Vocabulary incredible

cred

in- -ible not + believe + able to Vocabulary biography

graph

bio- -y life + write + condition of Root & Affix Flipbooks

O Use the lists of prefixes, roots, and suffixes on the slides that follow to create vocabulary flip books. We will be using our flip books to practice analyzing and building different words.

O On the front side of the card (hole in the top left-hand corner), write the root or affix. Try to add a picture or graphic, if can think of one, to help you remember the meaning.

O On the back side of the card, write the definition of the word part, and at least two examples within-a-word.

On my website, go to “STAAR Review Centers” on the right-side. Prefixes

Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix antisocial, antiseptic, antithesis, antibody, anti, ant against, opposite antinomies, antifreeze, antipathy from, down, away, to do detach, deploy, derange, decrease, deodorize, de- the opposite, reverse, devoid, deflate, degenerate against out of, away from, exit, exhale, exclusive, exceed, explosion, ex- ex- lacking, former mayor exter-, extra-, external, extrinsic, extraordinary, extrapolate, outside of, beyond extro- extraneous, extrovert in, im into, on, near, towards instead, import illegible, irresolute, inaction, inviolate, in, im, il, ir not innocuous, intractable, innocent, impregnable, impossible, imposter

Notice that some affixes have multiple meanings. You may have to look at the context clues to figure out which meaning works best. Prefixes

Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix international, intercept, interject, intermission, inter between, among internal, intermittent,

malformation, maladjusted, dismal, malady, malcontent, malfunction, malfeasance, mal bad, badly maleficent

misconduct, misinform, misinterpret, mis wrong, bad, badly mispronounce, misnomer, mistake

monopoly, monotype, monologue, mono one mononucleosis, monorail, monotheist,

multifold, multilingual, multiped, multiply, multi many, much multitude, multipurpose, multinational

Prefixes

Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix nonferrous, nonsense, nonabrasive, non not nondescript

omnipotent, omniscient, omnipresent, omni all, every omnivorous

postpone, postdate post after, behind

Precede pre, pur before

Propel pro for, foward

Prefixes

Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix report, realign, retract, revise, regain re back, again

sustain, survive, support, suffice, succeed, sub, suc, suf, under, below, from, submerge, submarine, substandard, subnormal, sup, sur, sus secretly, instead of subvert

superior, suprarenal, superscript, supernatural, super, supra over, above superimpose, supercede

transform, transoceanic, transmit, transportation, trans across, beyond, change transducer

unceasing, unequal un not, against, opposite

Roots Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix active, react, agent, active, agitate act, ag do, act, drive

altar, altitude alt high, deep

aqueous aqu water

audience, audio, audible, auditorium, audiovisual, aud, audi, aur, to hear, listen audition, auricular, ausculate aus

automobile, automatic, automotive, autograph, aut, auto self autonomous, autoimmune

bibliophile, bibliography, Bible bibl, bibli, biblio book bio, bi life biography, biology, biometricsm biome, biosphere abbreviate, brevity, brief brev short

Roots Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix cad, cap, cas, receive, deceive, capable, capacious, captive, accident, ceiv, cept, capt, to take, to seize, to hold capture, occasion, concept, intercept, forceps, except, cid, cip reciprocate chronology, chronic, chronicle chronometer, chron time anachronism, synchronize circumnavigate, circumflex, circumstance, circum around circumcision, circumference, circumorbital, circumlocution, circumvent, circumscribe, circulatory cohesiveness, cognate, collaborate, convene, co, cog, col, coll, commitment, compress, contemporary, converge, with, together con, com, cor compact, confluence, convenient, concatenate, conjoin, combine, correct contr, contra, contradict, counteract, contravene, contrary, against, opposite counter counterspy, contrapuntal cosm universe, world cosmos, microcosm, cosmopolitan, cosmonaut crat, cracy rule autocrat, aristocrat, theocracy, technocracy creed, credo, credence, credit, credulous, incredulous, cred believe incredible Roots Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix

dictation, dictionary, dictate, dictator, Dictaphone, dic, dict, dit say, speak edict, predict, verdict, contradict, benediction

dismiss, differ, disallow, disperse, dissuade, divide, not, opposite of, reverse, dis, dif disconnect, disproportion, disrespect, distemper, separate, deprive of, away disarray fall, fals deceive fallacy, falsify, fallacious

confidante, fidelity, confident, infidelity, infidel, fid, fide, feder faith, trust federal, confederacy, semper fi fig shape, form figurem, effigy, figure, figment fin end, ended, finished final, finite, finish, confine, fine, refine, define, finale fix repair, attach fix, fixation, fixture, affix, prefix, suffix fract, frag, frai break fracture, infraction, fragile, fraction, refract, frail Roots Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix geometry, geography, geocentric, geology geo earth

graph, graphic, autograph, photography, graph, gram, graphite, telegram, polygraph, grammar, write, written, draw graf biography, lithograph, graphic

dehydrate, hydrant, hydraulic, hydraulics, hydr, hydra, water hydrogen, hydrophobia hydro

hyperactive, hypertensive, hyperbolic, hyper over, above hypersensitive, hyperventilate, hyperkinetic

liberty, liberal, liberalize, deliverance liber, liver free

translucent, luminary, luster, luna, illuminate, luc, lum, lun, light illustrate lus, lust

Roots Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix magnify, magnificent, magnanimous, magnate, magn great magnitude

memo, commemoration, memento, memoir, mem recall, remember memorable

motion, remove, mobile, motor mob, mov, mot move

operate, cooperate, opus oper work

pathos, sympathy, antipathy, apathy, telepathy path, pathy feeling, suffering

phobia, claustrophobia, acrophobia, aquaphobia, phobia, phobos fear ergophobia, homophobia

photograph, photoelectric, photogenic, phot, photo light photosynthesis, photon

Roots Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix rupture, interrupt, abrupt, disrupt, ruptible rupt break sci, scio, know science, conscious, omniscient, cognocienti scientia scribe, scribble, inscribe, describe, subscribe, scrib, script write prescribe, manuscript

sympathy, synthesis, synchronous, syndicate syn, sym together, at the same time tact, tang, tag, tactile, contact, intact, intangible, tangible, touch tig, ting contagious, contiguous, contingent terrain, terrarium, territory, terrestrial terr, terra earth

evade, invader vade go

video, evident, provide, providence, visible, revise, vid, vis see supervise, vista, visit, vision, review, indivisible

revive, survive, vivid, vivacious, vitality, vivisection, viv, vita, vivi alive, life vital, vitamins, revitalize Suffixes Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix solvable, incredible -able, -ible Adjective: worth, ability

Noun: activity, or result of -age courage, suffrage, shrinkage, tonnage action Noun: action, result of -al referral, disavowal, disposal, festival action structural, territorial, categorical -al, -ial, -ical Adjective: quality, relation

artisan, guardian, historian, magician -an Noun: person

resistance, independence, extravagance, Noun: action, state, -ance, -ence fraudulence quality or process

Noun: state, quality or -ancy, -ency vacancy, agency, truancy, latency capacity Suffixes Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix Noun: an agent, -ant, -ent something that performs disinfectant, dependent, fragrant the action Adjective: kind of agent, -ant, -ent, -ient important, dependent, convenient indication Adjective: resembling, -ar, -ary spectacular, unitary related to Noun: state, office, -ate candidate, electorate, delegate fuction -ate Verb: cause to be graduate, ameliorate, amputate, colligate -ate Adjective: kind of state inviolate Noun: action, resulting -ation specialization, aggravation, alternation state Suffixes Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix -ed Verb: past tense dressed, faded, patted, closed, introduced Adjective: having the -ed winged, moneyed, dogged, tiered quality or characteristics of Noun: action or process, reference, emergency, dependence, eminence, -ence, -ency quality or state latency -er, -ier Adjective: comparative better, brighter, sooner, hotter, happier Noun: person or thing that flyer, reporter, player, member, fryer, collector, -er, -or does something concentrator -er, -or Verb: action ponder, dishonor, clamor Noun: plural of most nouns -es, -ies ending in -ch, -s, -sh, -o and passes, glasses, ladies, heroes -z and some in -f and -y Verb: third person singular present indicative of verbs -es, -ies blesses, hushes, fizzes, defies that end in -ch, -s, -sh, - and some in -y Adjective or Adverb: -est, -iest latest, strongest, luckiest superlative Suffixes Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix Noun: an amount or -ful Handful, spoonful quantity that fills Adjective: having, giving, -ful Fanciful, wonderful marked by Noun: related to, one that -ian, an pedestrian, human is Noun: material made for, -ing activity, result of an flooring, swimming, building activity depicting -ing Verb: present participle

cohering -ing Adjective: activity

Suffixes

Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix Abduction -ion Noun: condition or action

Adjective: having the character Newish -ish of Podiatrist -ist Noun: person or member

lucidity, novelty -ity, ty Noun: state or quality

Motiveless -less Adjective: without, missing

Fluently -ly Adverb: in the manner of

Suffixes Root, Prefix or Meaning Examples Suffix Document -ment Noun: condition or result

Noun: state, condition, Kindness -ness quality

-or Noun: condition or activity valor, honor, humor, minor

-ous, -eous, - Adjective: having the adventurous, courageous, verbose, fractious ose, -ious quality of, relating to

Noun: state, condition, -y society, victory result of an activity

Adjective: marked by, -y hungry, angry, smeary, teary having