DOCSLIB.ORG

Taxonomic Studies of the Genus Polymnia L

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Taxonomic Studies of the Genus Polymnia L This dissertation has been 64—6976 microfilmed exactly as received WELLS, James Ray, 1932— TAXONOMIC STUDIES OF THE GENUS POLYMNIA L. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1963 Botany University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan TAXONOMIC STUDIES OF THE GENUS POLYMNIA L. DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By JAMES RAY WELLS, B.S., M.S. The Ohio State University 1963 Approved by Adviser Department of Botany and Plant Pathology ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. T. v Richard Fisher, my adviser, who suggested this problem and under whose guidance the work wan carried out. I am also grateful to Drs. Clara Weishaupt, J.W.A. Burley, C. E. Taft, and Glenn W. Blaydes for reading this dissertation and for offering helpful suggestions and criticisms. I am indebted to the curators of the several herbaria for making their material available. Permission to use Goode Base Maps (Copyright by the University of Chicago) for plotting plant distributions is gratefully acknowledged. This permission was granted through Goode Base Map Series, Department of Geography, The University of Chicago. My wife Jan, is due special recognition for her loyal support and cooperation throughout this endeavor. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS....................................... ii LIST OF T A B L E S ........................................ iv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS................................ v INTRODUCTION ........................................... 1 MORPHOLOGY ............................................. 3 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION .............................. 5 ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE . .............................. 7 TAXONOMY ............................................... 8 KEY TO SPECIES AND VARIETIES.......................... 11 DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION OF T A X A .................... 15 EXPERIMENTAL TAXONOMIC INVESTIGATIONS ................ 131 LIST OF TAXA OF UNCERTAIN S T A T U S .........................156 LIST OF EXCLUDED SPECIES.................................160 DISTRIBUTION M A P S ....................................... 163 SUMMARY ................................................. 17^ BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................... 175 AUTOBIOGRAPHY ........................................ 179 iii LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Polymnia uvedalia soil habitat data ............. 79 2 List of chromosome numbers of certain taxa of Polymnia.......... 13^ 3 Pollen stainability of taxa which occur naturally in the United States .............. 1^1 k Summary of interspecific hybridization attempts . 1^3 5 Summary of intravarietal hybridization attempts, selfings, and tests for ovulary abortion . 1^6 6 Crosses involving two plants of P. uvedalia var. uvedalia (collections 236 and 239^ from different ends of a large p o p u l a t i o n ......... 1^9 7 Summary of intraspecific hybridization attempts . 150 8 Crosses involving P. laevigata collection number 25^ ............ 153 iv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1 Polymnia uvedalia (Holotype) ........... 10 2 Polymnia oaxacana (Isotype) .................. • 16 3 Polymnia laevigata (Isotype) ........ ...... 21 k Polymnia canadensis ............... 2k 5 Polymnia connata (Holotype) .................... k$ 6 Polymnia connata................................ ^-6 7 Polymnia .jelskii ( H o l o t y p e ).............. ^9 8 Polymnia .jelskii (Holotype F r a g m e n t s ) .......... 50 9 Polymnia siegesbeckia (Holotype) . ............ 52 10 Polymnia siegesbeckia .......................... 53 11 Polymnia riparia (Holotype) . ................ 55 12 Polymnia riparia ................................ 56 13 Polymnia maculata var. maculata ................ 62 l^f Polymnia uvedalia var. densipilis (Peduncle of Holotype) I T". .......................... 8l 15 Polymnia uvedalia var. floridana (Peduncle of Holotype) I 7~................................... 97 16 Polymnia uvedalia var. floridana ................ 98 17 Polymnia quichensis (Holotype) ........ ..... 10^ 18 Polymnia meridensis (Holotype) ..... ........ 107 19 Polymnia sonchifolia ............................. 110 20 Polymnia apus (Holotype)........................... 113 21 Polymnia apus (TIsotype) ....................... 11 ^ v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS— (Continued) Figure Page 22 Polymnia suffruticosa ............ 116 23 Polymnia pyramidalis ( H o l o t y p e ) .................. 119 24 Polymnia glabrata (Holotype) ............ 123 25 Polymnia parviceps (Holotype) ................ 125 26 Polymnia microcephala (Holotype) ..... ......... 127 27 Polymnia fruticosa ..................... 129 28 Polymnia laevigata pollen mother cell at diakinesis (Wells 255) ................ 135 29 Polymnia laevigata pollen mother cell at early metaphase (Wells 2 5 5 ) ........................ 136 30 Polymnia uvedalia var. uvedalia pollen mother cell at diakinesis (Wells 211) ............ 138 31 Polymnia uvedalia var. uvedalia pollen mother cell at diakinesis (Wells 2 1 1 ) .................. 139 32 Polymnia canadensis pollen mother cell at diakinesis (Wells 218) ...................140 33 Polymnia canadensis var. radiata (pollen parent) X Polymnia canadensis var. canadensis (ovule parent) hybrid ................................. ..... 151 34 Polymnia laevigata (pollen parent) X Polymnia canadensis var. canadensis (ovule parent) hybrid . 154 35 Polymnia bakeriana (Isotype)............ 157 36 Known distribution of Polymnia canadensis excluding Canada .................. 163 37 Known distribution of Polymnia uvedalia excluding Bermuda 164 38 Known distribution of Polymnia laevigata ...... 165 39 Known distribution of Polymnia oaxacana and Polymnia quichensis .......... 166 40 Known distribution of Polymnia apus and Polymnia maculata var. adenotricha ..................... 167 vi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS— (Continued) Figure Page 41 Known distribution of Polymnia maculata vars, maculata and glabricaulis .......... ..... 168 42 Known distribution of Polymnia riparia .......... 169 43 Known distribution of Polymnia glabrata. Polymnia parviceps, and Polymnia microcephala . 170 44 Known distribution of Polymnia pyramidalis and Polymnia connata .........................171 45 Known distribution of Polymnia siegesbeckia, Polymnia fruticosa, and Polymnia suffruticosa . 172 46 Known distribution of Polymnia sonchifolia and Polymnia meridensis......................173 vii INTRODUCTION The generic name Polymnia is derived from the Muse "Polyhymnia" who was one of the Greek goddesses of song and poetry. This Linnaean genus dates back to 1751* Heretofore, no known comprehensive study of the genus Polymnia has ever been carried out. This is an attempt directed toward producing a semblance of order and understanding in a poorly-understood genus. Earlier workers were not sufficiently aware of the limits of the genus Polymnia and partly for this reason it was often confused with other genera among which were: Adenostemma, Axiniphyllum, Berlandiera, Didelta, Guizotia, Melampodium, Montanoa, Rumfordia, Tetragonotheca, and Wedelia. E. L. Core (1955) and others have pointed out that a "revision" of a genus may be based only on studies of herbarium specimens from one continent or a smaller area whereas a "mono­ graph" is world-wide in scope and takes into account other disciplines such as: cytogenetics, anatomy, physiology, mor­ phology, paleobotany, and ecology. This study of the genus Polymnia does not readily fit into either of these two categories but has the characteristics of being world-wide in scope of coverage and based largely on studies of herbarium specimens. Also, where practicable, considerations are given to geography, cytology, ecology, and genetics. More thorough evolutionary considerations must await extensive travel and collections in the western hemisphere, particularly South America. Hybridization experiments along with cytological investigations will have to be carried out with all taxa. This, then, is an effort directed toward delimiting the taxa as they are now understood and at the same time laying the foundation for more experimental investigations and refinement of present concepts. A cytotaxonomist must know the currently valid name of the plants with which he is working. Although these names may not be truly representative of phylogenetic relationships, they will, at least, serve as a starting point from which various taxa may be combined or separated as experi­ mental evidence becomes known. Citations to herbarium specimens examined are made in accordance with abbreviations cited by Lanjouw and Stafleu (1959); Field Museum of Natural History (F), Gray Herbarium (GH), Indiana University (IND), Louisiana State University (LSU), Missouri Botanical Garden (MO), New York Botanical Garden (NY), University of North Carolina (NCU), Ohio State University (OS), Ohio University (OU), Philadelphia Academy of Science (PH), University of Tennessee (TENN), University of Texas (TEX), United States National Herbarium (US). MORPHOLOGY Polymnia species are for the most part perennials. Their root system is generally thought to be fibrous although no refer­ ence is known to me of the type of root system of the tree forms which grow in South America. In P. uvedalia, P. sonchifolia, and P. connata the underground parts are tuberous. The stems reach diameters up to 15-20 cm and attain heights of up to 12 meters. Stems may be terete, angular, or grooved. The stems may be glabrous or with glands and/or hairs. Sometimes the stems are purple-spotted
Load more

Recommended publications
  • SALT TOLERANT PLANTS Recommended for Pender County Landscapes
    North Carolina Cooperative Extension NC STATE UNIVERSITY SALT TOLERANT PLANTS Recommended for Pender County Landscapes Pender County Cooperative Extension Urban Horticulture Leaflet 14 Coastal Challenges Plants growing at the beach are subjected to environmental conditions much different than those planted further inland. Factors such as blowing sand, poor soils, high temperatures, and excessive drainage all influence how well plants perform in coastal landscapes, though the most significant effect on growth is salt spray. Most plants will not tolerate salt accumulating on their foliage, making plant selection for beachfront land- scapes particularly challenging. Salt Spray Salt spray is created when waves break on the beach, throwing tiny droplets of salty water into the air. On-shore breezes blow this salt laden air landward where it comes in contact with plant foliage. The amount of salt spray plants receive varies depending on their proximity to the beachfront, creating different vegetation zones as one gets further away from the beachfront. The most salt-tolerant species surviving in the frontal dune area. As distance away from the ocean increases, the level of salt spray decreases, allowing plants with less salt tolerance to survive. Natural Protection The impact of salt spray on plants can be lessened by physically blocking salt laden winds. This occurs naturally in the maritime forest, where beachfront plants protect landward species by creating a layer of foliage that blocks salt spray. It is easy to see this effect on the ocean side of maritime forest plants, which are “sheared” by salt spray, causing them to grow at a slant away from the oceanfront.
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Mississippi River Conservation Opportunity Area Wildlife Action Plan
    Version 3 Summer 2012 UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER CONSERVATION OPPORTUNITY AREA WILDLIFE ACTION PLAN Daniel Moorehouse Mississippi River Pool 19 A cooperative, inter-agency partnership for the implementation of the Illinois Wildlife Action Plan in the Upper Mississippi River Conservation Opportunity Area Prepared by: Angella Moorehouse Illinois Nature Preserves Commission Elliot Brinkman Prairie Rivers Network We gratefully acknowledge the Grand Victoria Foundation's financial support for the preparation of this plan. Table of Contents List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. ii Acronym List .............................................................................................................................. iii I. Introduction to Conservation Opportunity Areas ....................................................................1 II. Upper Mississippi River COA ..................................................................................................3 COAs Embedded within Upper Mississippi River COA ..............................................................5 III. Plan Organization .................................................................................................................7 IV. Vision Statement ..................................................................................................................8 V. Climate Change .......................................................................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Mussels of the Mississippi River Tributaries: North, North Central, and Central Drainages
    Freshwater mussels of the Mississippi River tributaries: North, North Central, and Central drainages Alison P. Stodola, Sarah A. Bales, Diane K. Shasteen INHS Technical Report 2013 (09) Prepared for: Illinois Department of Natural Resources: Office of Resource Conservation U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Illinois Natural History Survey Issued February 22, 2013 Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign William Shilts, Executive Director Illinois Natural History Survey Brian D. Anderson, Director 1816 South Oak Street Champaign, IL 61820 217-333-6830 Freshwater mussels of the Mississippi River tributaries: North, North Central and Central drainages 2013 Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Illinois Department of Natural Resources Alison P. Stodola, Sarah A. Bales, Diane K. Shasteen 0 Preface While broad geographic information is available on the distribution and abundance of mussels in Illinois, systematically collected mussel-community data sets required to integrate mussels into aquatic community assessments do not exist. In 2009, a project funded by a US Fish and Wildlife Service State Wildlife Grant was undertaken to survey and assess the freshwater mussel populations at wadeable sites from 33 stream basins in conjunction with the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR)/Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) basin surveys. Inclusion of mussels into these basin surveys contributes to the comprehensive basin monitoring programs that include water and sediment chemistry, instream habitat, macroinvertebrate, and fish, which reflect a broad spectrum of abiotic and biotic stream resources. These mussel surveys will provide reliable and repeatable techniques for assessing the freshwater mussel community in sampled streams. These surveys also provide data for future monitoring of freshwater mussel populations on a local, regional, and watershed basis.
    [Show full text]
  • LF0071 Ch9.Pdf
    Figure 9.2 Figure 9.2: Watersheds (HUC 10) and Sub‐Watersheds (HUC 12) of the Platte River Region. 9‐2 1. OVERVIEW a) Physical Environment The Platte River Region is characterized by broad open hilltops and river valleys, and steep wooded slopes. The soils in this watershed have formed in a silty, wind‐blown covering with the deepest deposits along the bluffs of the Mississippi River and thinning towards the east. Some valley soils are alluvial sands, loams, and peats. Some hilltops are almost treeless due to the thin soil while others have a deep silt loam cap. Soils are underlain with calcareous bedrock. b) Land Cover and Use The region is dominated by agricultural uses, in particular along the hilltops and valley bottoms. With the increasing price of corn and Figure 9.3: Land cover of the Platte River Region. soybeans over the last decade, many pastures, hayfields, and lands that were enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) are being converted to row crops. This large‐scale conversion of permanent vegetation to agricultural uses that expose open soil is also likely to have an adverse effect on water quality of streams in the region. Deciduous forests are found on the steep side slopes, with wetlands confined to riparian corridors. Most forested lands are part of farming operations and managed to provide forest products, including saw timber and firewood. c) Terrestrial Habitats Grassland management at multiple scales is a conservation opportunity in the Platte River Region. Small, scattered remnants of native prairie exist here along with substantial areas of "surrogate grassland" (although this is declining with conversions out of CRP).
    [Show full text]
  • A Week in Angoon and a Month of Reflection on Xutsnoowú Aaní
    A WEEK IN ANGOON AND A MONTH OF REFLECTION ON XUTSNOOWÚ AANÍ Richard Carstensen Discovery Southeast, Juneau for: Angoon Community Association & USFS Summer, 2012 2 • A week in Angoon CONTENTS Navigating this NAVIGATING THIS DIGITAL JOURNAL ..................................................................... 2 digital journal PLACE-NAME REVOLUTION ......................................................................................3 Try reading this journal on the couch with your iPad in INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................4 Goodreader, or an Android tablet DAILY JOURNAL ..................................................................................5 in ezPDF reader. Colors are spectacular. Beats paper (>$100 20120814 JUNEAU TO ANGOON ................................................................................5 to print in color!), or sitting at a ALASKA SHOREZONE ...........................................................................................19 computer for 6 hours. Annotate your copy with yellow stickies 20120815 EEY TLIEN—XUNYÉI (KOOTZNAHOO‑MITCHELL) ............................ 21 using voice recognition. PLACE NAMES: ANGOON TIDAL LABYRINTH ..................................................... 21 • This pdf is “bookmarked.” On your tablet/smartphone, tap 20120816 KANALKU LAKE ........................................................................................33 any of the chapters in Contents INGNS (IMPORTANT NATIVE GUY NAMES) ..........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Systematic Study of Berkheya and Allies (Compositae)
    A systematic study of Berkheya and allies (Compositae) A thesis submitted in the fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science of Rhodes University by Ntombifikile Phaliso April 2013 Supervisor: Prof. N.P. Barker (Botany Department, Rhodes University) Co-supervisor: Dr. Robert McKenzie (Botany Department, Rhodes University) Table of contents: Title ……………………………………………………………………………..I Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………...III Declaration……………………………………………………………………IV Abstract…………………………………………………………………………1 Chapter 1: General Introduction……………………………………………..3 Chapter 2: The molecular phylogeny of Berkheya and allies……………...12 Aims………………………………………………………………………………………….12 2.1: Molecular (DNA-based) systematic……………………………………………………..12 2.2: Methods and Materials…………………………………………………………………..18 2.1.1: Sampling…………………………………………………………………………..18 2.1.2: DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing…………………………………..18 2.1.3: Sequence alignment……………………………………………………………..19 2.1.4: Phylogenetic Analyses …………………………………………………………...21 2.3: Results…………………………………………………………………………………..22 2.3.1: ITS data set………………………………………………………………………..22 2.3.2: psbA-trnH data set………………………………………………………………..23 2.3.3: Combined data set………………………………………………………………...24 2.4: Discussion……………………………………………………………………………….28 2.4.1: Phylogenetic relationships within the Berkheya clade……………………………28 2.4.2: Insights from the psbA-trnH & combined data set phylogenies………………….37 2.4.3: Taxonomic implications: paraphyly of Berkheya………………………………...39 2.4.4: Taxonomic Implications: Correspondence with
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    IN MEMORIAM: DONALD J. PINKAVA (29 AUGUST 1933–25 JULY 2017) Liz Makings Herbarium (ASU), School of Life Sciences Arizona State University, P.O. Box 874108 Tempe, Arizona 85287-4108, U.S.A. [email protected] My name is Liz Makings and I am the collections manager of the Arizona State University Herbarium. I was a graduate student at ASU in 2000 when I met Dr. Pinkava and he had just retired, so while I missed out on his talents as a teacher, I was lucky to get to know him as a mentor, colleague, and friend. Dr. Pinkava had a heart of gold, a mind like a trap, and a delightful collection of idiosyncrasies that was perfectly suited to his career path. He was hired at ASU in 1964 after completing his PhD. at Ohio State and was immediately responsible for teaching a 300 level botany class called “Flora of Arizona.” He undertook this responsibility with a meticulousness and attention to detail that can only be described as “Pinkavesque,” col- lecting the plants, learning the flora, and scouring the state for the best field trip sites. To his students he was simultaneously feared and adored. His exams turned men into boys and triggered anxiety attacks even among the best. He did not give grades, you earned them. There was no one more demanding, no one more thorough, yet no one more caring and helpful. Many former students have sung his praises and I’ll share this quote from one: “Dr. Pinkava was one of the kindest scientists I have ever interacted with, a trait that sometimes goes missing in our academic world.
    [Show full text]
  • Listado De Codigos De Parroquias Ingreso Trabajador 051009
    1 NUMERO: PAGINA: MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA EL TRABAJO Y SEGURIDAD SOCIAL 1 1/33 INSTITUTO VENEZOLANO DE LOS SEGUROS SOCIALES DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE INFORMÁTICA DS051009V1 Caracas – Venezuela FECHA 05/10/2009 LISTADO DE CODIGOS DE PARROQUIAS ULTIMA REVISION LISTADO DE CODIGOS DE PARROQUIAS ELABORADO POR: AUTORIZADO POR: Área que Elabora: Análisis y Documentación de Sistemas DIRECCION DE ORIGEN Nombre del Funcionario: Dirección General de Informática Revisado Por: 2 NUMERO: PAGINA: MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA EL TRABAJO Y SEGURIDAD SOCIAL 1 2/33 INSTITUTO VENEZOLANO DE LOS SEGUROS SOCIALES DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE INFORMÁTICA DS051009V1 Caracas – Venezuela FECHA 05/10/2009 LISTADO DE CODIGOS DE PARROQUIAS ULTIMA REVISION LISTADO DE CODIGOS DE PARROQUIAS PARROQUIA Se relaciona con la Parroquia asociado al Municipio donde vive el trabajador. CODIGO NOMBRE MUNICIPIO_ID 1 OCUMARE DEL TUY 187 2 LA DEMOCRACIA 187 3 SANTA BARBARA 187 4 SAN ANTONIO DE LOS ALTOS 188 5 RIO CHICO 189 6 EL GUAPO 189 7 TACARIGUA DE LA LAGUNA 189 8 PAPARO 189 9 SAN FERNANDO DEL GUAPO 189 10 SANTA LUCIA 190 11 CUPIRA 191 12 MACHURUCUTO 191 13 GUARENAS 192 14 SAN FRANCISCO DE YARE 193 15 SAN ANTONIO DE YARE 193 16 PETARE 194 17 CAUCAGUITA 194 18 FILA DE MARICHES 194 19 LA DOLORITA 194 20 LEONCIO MARTINEZ 194 21 CUA 195 22 NUEVA CUA 195 23 GUATIRE 196 24 BOLIVAR 196 25 SAN ANTONIO 197 26 SAN FRANCISCO 197 27 AGUASAY 198 28 CARIPITO 199 29 CARIPE 200 30 EL GUACHARO 200 31 LA GUANOTA 200 32 SABANA DE PIEDRA 200 ELABORADO POR: AUTORIZADO POR: Área que Elabora: Análisis
    [Show full text]
  • Plants for Sun & Shade
    Plants for Dry Shade Blue Shade Ruellia Ruellia tweediana Bugleweed Ajuga Cast Iron Plant Aspidistra Cedar Sage Salvia roemeriana Columbine Aquilegia Coral Bells Heuchera Flax Lily Dianella tasmanica ‘variegata’ Frog Fruit Phyla nodiflora Heartleaf Skullcap Scutellaria ovata ssp. Bracteata Japanese Aralia Fatsia japonica Katie Ruellia Ruellia tweediana Majestic Sage Salvia guaranitica Red Skullcap Scuttelaria longifolia Tropical or Scarlet Sage Salvia coccinea Turk’s Cap Malvaviscus arboreus var. drummondii Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia Plants for Moist Shade Australian Violet Viola hederacea Carex grass Sedge spp. Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis Chinese Ground Orchid Bletilla striata Creeping Daisy Wedelia trilobata Creeping Jenny Lysimachia nummularia Crinum lily Crinum spp. False Spirea Astilbe spp. Fall Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana Firespike Odontenema strictum Ferns various botanical names Gingers various botanical names Gulf Coast Penstemon Penstemon tenuis Inland Sea Oats Chasmanthium latifolium Ligularia Ligularia spp. Spikemoss Selaginella kraussiana Toadlily Tricyrtis spp. Turk’s Cap Malvaviscus arboreus var. drummondii Tropical or Scarlet Sage Salvia coccinea Water Celery Oenanthe javanica This and other plant care tip sheets are available at Buchanansplants.com. 01/15/16 Plants for Dry Sun Artemisia Artemisia spp. BiColor Iris Dietes bicolor Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia spp. Blackfoot Daisy Melampodium leucanthum Blanket Flower Gaillardia spp. Bougainvillea Bougainville Bulbine Bulbine frutescens Butterfly Iris Dietes iridioides (Morea) Copper Canyon Daisy Tagetes lemmonii Coral Vine Antigonon leptopus Crossvine Bignonia capreolata Coreopsis Coreopsis spp. Dianella Dianella spp. Four Nerve Daisy Tetraneuris scaposa (Hymenoxys) Gulf Coast Muhly Muhlenbergia capillaris Ice Plant Drosanthemum sp. Mexican Hat Ratibida columnaris Plumbago Plumbago auriculata Rock Rose Pavonia spp. Sedum Sedum spp. Salvias Salvia spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Book of Abstracts.Pdf
    1 List of presenters A A., Hudson 329 Anil Kumar, Nadesa 189 Panicker A., Kingman 329 Arnautova, Elena 150 Abeli, Thomas 168 Aronson, James 197, 326 Abu Taleb, Tariq 215 ARSLA N, Kadir 363 351Abunnasr, 288 Arvanitis, Pantelis 114 Yaser Agnello, Gaia 268 Aspetakis, Ioannis 114 Aguilar, Rudy 105 Astafieff, Katia 80, 207 Ait Babahmad, 351 Avancini, Ricardo 320 Rachid Al Issaey , 235 Awas, Tesfaye 354, 176 Ghudaina Albrecht , Matthew 326 Ay, Nurhan 78 Allan, Eric 222 Aydınkal, Rasim 31 Murat Allenstein, Pamela 38 Ayenew, Ashenafi 337 Amat De León 233 Azevedo, Carine 204 Arce, Elena An, Miao 286 B B., Von Arx 365 Bétrisey, Sébastien 113 Bang, Miin 160 Birkinshaw, Chris 326 Barblishvili, Tinatin 336 Bizard, Léa 168 Barham, Ellie 179 Bjureke, Kristina 186 Barker, Katharine 220 Blackmore, 325 Stephen Barreiro, Graciela 287 Blanchflower, Paul 94 Barreiro, Graciela 139 Boillat, Cyril 119, 279 Barteau, Benjamin 131 Bonnet, François 67 Bar-Yoseph, Adi 230 Boom, Brian 262, 141 Bauters, Kenneth 118 Boratyński, Adam 113 Bavcon, Jože 111, 110 Bouman, Roderick 15 Beck, Sarah 217 Bouteleau, Serge 287, 139 Beech, Emily 128 Bray, Laurent 350 Beech, Emily 135 Breman, Elinor 168, 170, 280 Bellefroid, Elke 166, 118, 165 Brockington, 342 Samuel Bellet Serrano, 233, 259 Brockington, 341 María Samuel Berg, Christian 168 Burkart, Michael 81 6th Global Botanic Gardens Congress, 26-30 June 2017, Geneva, Switzerland 2 C C., Sousa 329 Chen, Xiaoya 261 Cable, Stuart 312 Cheng, Hyo Cheng 160 Cabral-Oliveira, 204 Cho, YC 49 Joana Callicrate, Taylor 105 Choi, Go Eun 202 Calonje, Michael 105 Christe, Camille 113 Cao, Zhikun 270 Clark, John 105, 251 Carta, Angelino 170 Coddington, 220 Carta Jonathan Caruso, Emily 351 Cole, Chris 24 Casimiro, Pedro 244 Cook, Alexandra 212 Casino, Ana 276, 277, 318 Coombes, Allen 147 Castro, Sílvia 204 Corlett, Richard 86 Catoni, Rosangela 335 Corona Callejas , 274 Norma Edith Cavender, Nicole 84, 139 Correia, Filipe 204 Ceron Carpio , 274 Costa, João 244 Amparo B.
    [Show full text]
  • Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae
    SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 0 NCTMBER 52 Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae Harold Robinson, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, andJames F. Weedin SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1981 ABSTRACT Robinson, Harold, A. Michael Powell, Robert M. King, and James F. Weedin. Chromosome Numbers in Compositae, XII: Heliantheae. Smithsonian Contri- butions to Botany, number 52, 28 pages, 3 tables, 1981.-Chromosome reports are provided for 145 populations, including first reports for 33 species and three genera, Garcilassa, Riencourtia, and Helianthopsis. Chromosome numbers are arranged according to Robinson’s recently broadened concept of the Heliantheae, with citations for 212 of the ca. 265 genera and 32 of the 35 subtribes. Diverse elements, including the Ambrosieae, typical Heliantheae, most Helenieae, the Tegeteae, and genera such as Arnica from the Senecioneae, are seen to share a specialized cytological history involving polyploid ancestry. The authors disagree with one another regarding the point at which such polyploidy occurred and on whether subtribes lacking higher numbers, such as the Galinsoginae, share the polyploid ancestry. Numerous examples of aneuploid decrease, secondary polyploidy, and some secondary aneuploid decreases are cited. The Marshalliinae are considered remote from other subtribes and close to the Inuleae. Evidence from related tribes favors an ultimate base of X = 10 for the Heliantheae and at least the subfamily As teroideae. OFFICIALPUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIESCOVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllumjaponicum Siebold and Zuccarini. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Chromosome numbers in Compositae, XII.
    [Show full text]
  • Illinois Bundleflower (Desmanthus Illinoensis) Story by Alan Shadow, Manager USDA-NRCS East Texas Plant Materials Center Nacogdoches, Texas
    Helping People Help The Land September/October 2011 Issue No. 11 The Reverchon Naturalist Recognizing the work of French botanist Julien Reverchon, who began collecting throughout the North Central Texas area in 1876, and all the botanists/naturalists who have followed ... Drought, Heat and Native Trees ranging from simple things like more extensive root systems, to more drastic measures like pre- Story by Bruce Kreitler mature defoliation, what they actually have little Abilene, Texas defense against is a very prolonged period of no appreciable water supply. nybody that has traveled in Texas this year A will have noticed that not only most of the By the way, even though they are usually the land browned out, but also if you look at the trees same species, there is a difference in landscape in the fields and beside the roads, they aren't trees and native trees, which are untended plants looking so good either. It doesn't take a rocket that have to fend for themselves. While they are scientist to realize that extreme high temperatures indeed the same basic trees, the differences be- combined with, and partially caused by, drought tween the environments that they live in are huge are hard on trees. and thus overall general environmental factors such as drought, temperature, and insect infesta- Since I'm pretty sure that most of the people read- tions act on them differently. For the purposes of ing this article understand very well that drought this article, I'm referring to trees that are on their is a problem for trees, the question isn't is the pre- own, untended for their entire lives in fields, pas- sent drought going to have an effect on trees, but tures, forests, or just wherever nature has placed rather, what are the present effects of the drought them and refer to them as native trees.
    [Show full text]